WO2007079979A2

WO2007079979A2 - Handle for transferring torsional moment or pressure force

Info

Publication number: WO2007079979A2
Application number: PCT/EP2006/012600
Authority: WO
Inventors: Horst Holland-Letz
Original assignee: Felo-Werkzeugfabrik Holland-Letz Gmbh
Priority date: 2005-12-29
Filing date: 2006-12-29
Publication date: 2007-07-19
Also published as: WO2007079979A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a handle (1) for hand tools in the radial direction, comprising essentially three transversal areas having varying rigidity, in fact, a first transversal area wherein the centre of the handle (3) is made of a hard plastic having a first rigidity, a third transversal area wherein the surface layer (5a) is made of an elastic plastic having a third rigidity and the second transversal area (5b) is arranged between the first and the third transversal area and is made of a soft elastic plastic having a second rigidity. The second rigidity is less than the third rigidity due to an agent which is fixed in the second transversal area (5b) and/or in the third transversal area (5a). Said agent prevents the migration of softeners through the individual transversal areas.

Description

Handle for transmitting a torsional moment or a compressive force

The invention relates to a handle for a tool, in particular for hand screw or garden tools and for trowels, pliers and saws, according to the preamble of claim 1.

A first development of a handle made of hard plastic for screwdrivers has been proposed to improve the feel in US-PS 28 71 899. Accordingly, a prefabricated handle shell made of soft plastic is mounted on a handle core. Grip core and gripping jacket are positively connected to one another via profiles in order to transmit a torque in the circumferential direction. The use of soft plastic improves the grip of the handle.

In a practical trial of the known handle, however, has shown that the soft grip coat stands out from the hard handle core and can form wrinkles under heavy loads. This "walking" called lifting of the grip of the handle core leads, especially with continuous use of the known handle to a painful blistering in the area of the user's palm and inflammation causing excessive stress on the hand bone.

In order to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages, it has been proposed in the following to join the grip core in a material-locking manner to the grip shell, wherein the soft plastic can form subregions of the grip shell that are distributed only in the circumferential direction or can surround the grip core in the circumferential direction, cf. in particular DE 92 02 550 U1, DE 43 04 965 A1, DE 295 15 833 U 1, DE 195 39 200 A1, DE 295 17 276 U1, DE 299 00 746 U1, DE 299 04 082 U1. Handles of this type are today mainly made of plastic by injection molding. For tools of higher quality, a good ergonomic design and feel of the handles is sought.

In such handles made of two plastic components, the tool is anchored in a handle core made of hard plastic and this handle core is overmolded with a handle shell made of soft plastic (cf., for example, EP 0 627 974 B1). The handle shell made of soft plastic has a certain elasticity and gives a more pleasant grip than a handle, which is made only of hard plastic. Such "2-component grips" are also offered on the market for various other tools as screwdrivers, for example for trowels, pliers, saws, garden tools. Since the soft plastic also u. U. has a higher coefficient of friction than hard plastic, can be transmitted with such a "2-component handle higher torques than with a handle of the same size of hard plastic." This is important for handles for screwdrivers, screw clamps, etc.

The disadvantage of such handles is that the handle shell made of soft plastic only has a thickness of about 1, 5 to 3 mm, it is therefore only to a lesser extent compliant. From the point of view of manufacture, the handles are standardized in certain sizes and shapes, while the hands of the users have different sizes and proportions. Therefore, optimal ergonomics is not given.

In addition, most commercially available thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) used on handles contain plasticizers, for example, paraffin oil or phthalates, which are used for "external" softening. They tend to diffuse into adjacent polymer layers, gradually changing their hardness. When they reach the handle surface, a sticky film of plasticizer forms there, which reduces the friction between the hand and the handle surface.

The invention is therefore based on the object to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide a handle under consideration of manufacturing capabilities and mechanical properties, which not only has an ergonomically well-trained, but solid shape, but in which the good ergonomic shape and feel through an adjustment possibility of the handle is added to the hand of a user. Furthermore, it is desirable to carry out the handle so that he durable and yet inexpensive to manufacture and chemical and mechanical loads withstands.

Main features of the invention are specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Embodiments are the subject of claims 2 to 19.

In a handle for tools in the radial direction, constructed of substantially three cross-sectional areas with different stiffness, namely a first cross-sectional area, the core handle of hard plastic having a first stiffness, a third cross-sectional area, the surface layer of elastic plastic with a third stiffness and between first and third cross-sectional area lying second cross-sectional area made of soft elastic plastic with a second stiffness, the invention provides that the second stiffness is less than the third stiffness and the dimensioning of the areas and their rigidity are such that when the grip by the force a hand is a spatial deformation of the second and third cross-sectional area.

This three-layer arrangement gives the handle a very good feel and at the same time it adapts to a hand embracing it due to the differently flexible design of the second cross-sectional area and the third cross-sectional area.

This result is further enhanced if a means for generating and / or maintaining the rigidity of the second cross-sectional area and / or the third cross-sectional area is fixed in and / or on the plastic of the second cross-sectional area and / or the third cross-sectional area.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1 'shows the handle according to the invention, produced in the sandwich method, in longitudinal section,

Fig. 2 'shows this handle in cross section. 3 ¹ shows the handle, produced according to a second production method, in longitudinal section,

4 'shows the handle of FIG. 3' in cross-section,

5 'shows another design of the handle according to the invention on a hand tool,

FIG. 6 'shows a section in the longitudinal direction through the design of FIG. 5'.

Fig. T shows a section through the design of Fig. 6 'along the axis U-II

According to the invention, the handle 1 has in the radial direction essentially three grip areas or cross-sectional areas 2, 5a and 5b with different rigidity.

Around the handle core 3 made of hard plastic, ie the first cross-sectional area 3, in which the tool is anchored, a second cross-sectional area 5b made of a soft elastic plastic and a third cross-sectional area 5a designated as a surface layer made of an elastic plastic. The first cross-sectional area 3 has a first rigidity, the second cross-sectional area 5b has a second rigidity, and the third cross-sectional area 5a has a third rigidity. The areas 5a and 5b together have a greater thickness than a sheath made of soft plastic in known handle designs. The second cross-sectional area 5b is constructed so that directly adjoins the handle core 3, a layer of soft elastic plastic, which has the same strength or hardness in a particular extension, as the surface layer 5a of the handle. In the second cross-sectional area 5b, the soft elastic plastic has a porous or closed structure. In the third cross-sectional area 5a, the elastic plastic preferably has a closed structure. The second and third cross-sectional areas 5a, 5b are preferably materially connected to one another and to the handle core 3. In addition - or alone - the connection with the handle core 3 is also form-fitting manner by notches in the handle core 3 or at this radially set ribs or a non-circular cross-section of the handle core 3 is formed.

In an extension of the invention, the cross-sectional area 5a forms a bubble-like arrangement which bears against the cross-sectional area 3 and in which the cross-sectional area area 5b is included. The subsequent to the handle core 3 layer 5a has a closed structure in this case.

In one embodiment of the handle, a means for generating and / or maintaining the rigidity of the second cross-sectional area and / or the third cross-sectional area in and / or on the plastic of the second cross-sectional area and / or the third cross-sectional area is fixed. In one variant this is an unsaturated molecular unit, the term unsaturated molecular unit being an entity which has at least one double bond or multiple bond or which has arisen from a double or multiple bond-containing precursor compound.

In one embodiment of the invention, the unsaturated molecular unit is part of or chemically bonded to the soft elastic plastic and / or elastic plastic. A soft elastic plastic for the cross-sectional area 5b and / or a suitable elastic plastic for the cross-sectional area 5a comprises at least one elastomer having at least one unsaturated molecular unit, for example of the isoprene and / or butadiene type. This molecular unit, which is fixed to the plastic at or in the cross-sectional area 5b, is a means with which the rigidity of these plastics can be adjusted by cross-linking even in the absence of plasticizers. Representatives of the elastomers are selected from the group of rubbers such as natural rubber (NR), silicone rubber, acrylate rubber (ACM), chlorobutadiene rubber (CR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR ), Isobutylene-isoprene rubber (MR), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPN), and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) and polyurethane elastomers.

In a continuation, the unsaturated molecular unit according to the invention is chemically bonded to or part of the soft elastic plastic and / or the elastic plastic, the elastic plastic or the soft elastic plastic being a thermoplastic elastomer, for example a thermoplastic copolymeric or block copolymeric elastomer , This comprises at least one molecular member selected from the group consisting of polystyrene elastomers (TPE-S), polyether esters (TPE-E), polyurethanes (TPE-U) and polyamides (TPE-A). The polystyrene elastomers preferably contain the block copolymers styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) and styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene (SEPS). The polyether esters (TPE E) include copolymers and block copolymers of polymeric ethers and polymeric esters. The polyurethanes (TPE-U) include block copolymers of the polyester-polyurethane type, of the polyether-polyurethane type or of the polyester-polyether-polyurethane type. Representatives of the group polyamides (TPE-A) are preferably selected from the block copolymers polyester-polyamide, polyether-polyamide and polyester-polyether-polyamide.

In yet another embodiment, the unsaturated molecular unit is chemically bonded to or part of the soft elastic plastic or elastic plastic. This plastic comprises at least one unsaturated molecular unit elastomer of the above-mentioned group and a thermoplastic polymer brought together to form an elastomeric alloy. In such an alloy, usually soft polymers are enclosed by a hard polymer matrix. Elastomeric alloys according to the invention are selected from at least one of the groups uncrosslinked thermoplastic polyolefins (TPE-O) and partially crosslinked thermoplastic polyolefins (TPE-V). Non-crosslinked thermoplastic polyolefins (TPE-O) contain at least one of the alloys isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR) / polypropylene, haloisobutylene-isoprene rubber (XI! R) / polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) / polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) / polyvinyl chloride (PVC). A partially crosslinked thermoplastic polyolefin (TPE-V) is preferably selected from the group of rubber (thermoplastically processable rubber (TPNR)) alloyed with polypropylene (PP) and / or polyethylene (PE) and / or polyacrylonitrile and / or ABS and / or polycarbonate and or PVC and / or polyvinylidene dichloride (PVDC), or acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) alloyed with polypropylene.

In a further development of the invention, the means for creating and / or maintaining the rigidity of the second cross-sectional area (5b) and / or the third cross-sectional area (5a) is an unsaturated molecular unit which is part of the or chemical binding partner of the soft elastic plastic and / or the elastic plastic, wherein the plastic is a graft polymer. A graft polymer is understood as meaning a polymer with multiple bonds, for example an elastomer (see above), to which a thermoplastic has been condensed within the polymer chain (and not at the terminal regions). This creates a net-like elastic structure. At least one suitable thermoplastic for graft polymers is selected from the group comprising polyolefins, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene-polypropylene copolymers, polyethylene Norbornene copolymer, isoprene-isobutylene copolymer (II), longer-chain polyolefins such as polybutenes or polymethylpentenes, polyvinyl polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ₁ polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) ₁ polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, ethylene Vinyl acetate copolymers (EVAC), polystyrenes such as polystyrene (PS), styrene-butadiene copolymer (SB), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (ABS), acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester Copolymers (ASA), acrylates such as polyacrylates, polymethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile-acrylate copolymer, cellulose esters such as cellulose acetates, cellulose propionates, cellulose acetate butyrates, polyamides (PA) such as polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyethers such as polyoxymethylene, polyethylene oxides and polypropylene oxides, polyphenylene oxide (PPO) or polyphenyl ether (PPE), terephthalates, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polycarbonates (PC), chlorobutadiene Copolymer (CB), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), polyureas, polyketones and polysulfones.

All compounds containing the unsaturated molecular unit described above are adsorbed or immobilized in one embodiment on the soft elastic plastic or on the elastic plastic.

Of the compounds listed so far, it is also possible to prepare and use blends (mixtures of the polymers, copolymers, graft polymers).

In the practical testing of corresponding materials, it has been found that the soft elastic plastic of the cross-sectional area 5b preferably has hardnesses of 10 to 55 Shore A, preferably 15 to 30 Shore A and in a particularly preferred embodiment 15 to 25 Shore A.

Preferably, the hardness of the soft elastic plastic is at least 20 Shore A smaller than the hardness of the elastic plastic of the cross-sectional area 5a. This has hardnesses of 20 to 85 Shore A, preferably from 30 to 65 Shore A and in a particularly advanced construction of 40 to 55 Shore A.

In a continued embodiment of the invention, a non-illustrated separation layer is provided between the cross-sectional area 5b and the cross-sectional area 5a. This release layer is impermeable to plasticizers of various kinds and prevents them, provided they are present in the cross-sectional area 5b are to diffuse into the cross-sectional area 5a and finally exit on the surface thereof.

The invention is also continued in that, in the cross-sectional area 5b or 5a, plasticizers bound to the plastic are provided in an amount which is insufficient to produce the rigidity or are entirely absent. If a separating layer is missing between the cross-sectional areas 5a and 5b, plasticizers are at least partially adsorbed to the cross-sectional areas 5a, 5b and therefore not very mobile. They are therefore hardly subject to diffusion. This is completely excluded if the plasticizers are immobilized on the cross-sectional areas 5a, 5b.

If plasticizers are provided at all in the soft elastic plastic or in the elastic plastic, they comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) olive oil, phthalic acid ester, an alkyl sulfonic acid ester of phenol (ASE), chloroparaphins, trimellitates, aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters, polyesters, phosphoric acid esters , Fatty acid esters,

Hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, epoxides and sulfoxides / sulfones, larch resin, castor oil, paraffin oil, diisononyl phthalate (DINP). Acetine, Adimoll ^®, Disflamoll ^®, mesamoll ^®, triacetin, Ultramoll ^® or Unimoll® ^®.

The handles are made in a preferred sandwich-type manufacturing process in which the cross-sectional area 5b and cross-sectional area 5a are formed in an injection molding step by sequentially injecting the selected plastics into the mold cavity. In this case, in an advantageous embodiment, around the handle core 3, a thin layer of the plastic material forms, from which the cross-sectional area 5a also exists. This is referred to in this embodiment as a handle core sheath because it is inflated by injecting the polymer for the cross-sectional area 5b in the not yet cooled cross-sectional area 5a as a balloon and partially applies to the handle core 3.

A plastic injection molding machine is equipped with two plasticizing or injection units, each of which melts different plastics. The two plastics are injected into a mold directly consecutively through the same or - in the case of a majority - the same injection openings in a mold. In this case, the mass injected first, the volume of which fills a part of the mold cavity, does not yet cool and solidify in the interior. The subsequently injected mass flows in the inside of the first injected still liquid mass, because here the lowest flow resistance is given. In this process, the mass injected first is displaced spatially outward and settles as a layer on the wall of the mold cavity and a possibly inserted into the mold core of a hard material. The layer forming on the wall of the cavity is the outer layer of the finished injection-molded part consisting of the elastic plastic, while the second injected mass forms the inner layer. The sum of the injected volumes corresponds to the volume of the mold cavity. The metered quantities of the individual plastics determine the thicknesses of the layers which are formed by the mass injected first and then. The distribution in the cavity or in the finished part is further influenced by the viscosity of the injected masses, the injection pressure and the injection speed. The viscosity in turn also depends on the temperature of the melt, wherein the optimum melt temperature may be different for different plastics or plastics of different hardness.

In the mono-sandwich method, the melt of a plastic to form the outer layer, first from a first plasticizing and tip unit via a controlled by the machine control 3-way valve in an intermediate plate between the mold and injection units promoted from the front into the second injection unit and fills the front area of the injection cylinder there. In this cylinder lies behind the plasticized by this plasticizing and injection other plastic, which is to form the inner layer. By reversing the 3-way valve, a channel is released from the second injection unit to form and the two melts are injected one behind the other in one go into the mold cavity.

The disadvantage here is that the injection parameters can not be controlled individually for the different plastics and therefore the layer formation and distribution of the plastics in the injection molded part can not be accurately influenced.

In the intermittent sandwich method, the operation is controlled so that the two plasticizing and injection units inject one after the other directly into the mold via the valve, the time interval normally being very short and determined only by the time of switching the valve, a fraction of seconds. As a result, the mass flow is not adversely affected but can be controlled optimally for the various plastics individually by the machine control and thus the layer structure in the injection molded part. The interval time can however through the Control can also be extended if a special construction of the part is to be achieved.

In a third mode of production, the cross-sectional area 5b, referred to as the inner layer, is applied in a first mold to the handle core 3 in a first injection molding step and the cross-sectional area 5a, referred to as the outer layer, is applied to the inner layer 5b in a second injection molding step in a second mold sprayed. This process does not produce a handle core sheath.

The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in many ways.

Thus, color pigments and / or light protection waxes are provided in an extension in the handle.

All of the claims, the description and the drawings resulting features and advantages, including design details, spatial arrangements and method steps may be essential to the invention both in itself and in various combinations.

[Embodiments]

1st example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of a Shore A hardness EPDM 25 and as elastic plastic, a Shore A hardness 55 polyurethane is used.

2nd example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic of SEBS Shore A hardness 10 is used as elastic plastic a polypropylene of Shore A hardness 30 is used.

3rd example:

A handle with soft SEPS elastic Shore A hardness 15 and a Shore A hardness 40 polyethylene as the elastic. 4th example:

A handle, the soft elastic plastic made of NBR Shore A hardness 30 and is used as elastic plastic PVC Shore A hardness 65.

5th example:

A handle, the soft TPNR elastic material is Shore A hardness 55 and is used as Shore A hardness 85 elastic PC.

6th example:

A handle, the soft elastic plastic made of EVA Shore A hardness 30 and is used as elastic plastic polyamide of Shore A hardness 65.

7. Example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of acrylate rubber of Shore A hardness 20 and is used as elastic plastic PET of Shore A hardness 50.

8. Example:

A handle, the soft elastic plastic is made of Shore A hardness 15 silicone rubber and is used as Shore A hardness 45 elastic PBT.

9. Example:

A handle, the soft TPNR elastic material of Shore A hardness 30 and is used as the elastic plastic polyacrylonitrile Shore A hardness 65.

10. Example:

A handle, the soft elastic TPNR material of Shore A hardness 30 and is used as elastic plastic TPN R / polyamide Shore A hardness 50.

11. Example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of polyester-polyether-polyamide block copolymer of Shore A hardness 10 and used as elastic plastic polyamide of Shore A hardness 80. 12. Example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of acrylate rubber of Shore A hardness 20 and is used as elastic plastic TPNR / PC of Shore A hardness 50.

13. Example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of iso-butylene-isoprene rubber of Shore A hardness 25 and is used as elastic plastic polyamide of Shore A hardness 70.

Example 14

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of styrene-butadiene rubber of Shore A hardness 30 and used as elastic plastic TPNR / PP of Shore A hardness 65.

15. Example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of styrene-butadiene rubber of Shore A hardness 10 and is used as the elastic plastic Shore A hardness 35 polyacrylate.

16th example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic made of SIS Shore A hardness 20 and is used as elastic plastic PET Shore A hardness 45.

17th example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic made of EVA with plasticizer of Shore A hardness 20, as a diffusion barrier layer, a film made of Teflon is used and is used for as flexible plastic PP Shore A hardness 45.

18th example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of polyester-polyether block copolymers with Shore A hardness 30 plasticizer, cavities are incorporated into the handle and used as the Shore A hardness 50 elastic plastic PP. Subsequently, the cavities are filled with activated carbon.

19th example: A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of polyester-polyurethane block copolymers with Shore A hardness 15 plasticizer, cavities are incorporated into the handle and used as Shore A hardness 35 elastic PE plastic. Subsequently, the cavities are filled with cork.

20. Example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic consists of polyether-polyurethane block copolymers with plasticizer of Shore A hardness 15, in the handle cavities are introduced and used as elastic plastic polyacrylonitrile Shore A hardness 35. Subsequently, the cavities are filled with zeolite A.

21. Example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is a blend of EPDM / PP with Shore A Hardness 30 plasticizer with 5% activated carbon and is used as Shore A Hardness 50 elastic polyurethane.

22. Example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic consists of a mixture of NBR / PVC with Shore A hardness 15 plasticizer with 5% cork and is used as Shore A hardness 40 elastic plastic PP.

23. Example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is comprised of a blend of NBR / polyamide with Shore A hardness 15 plasticizer with 5% zeolite A and is used as Shore A hardness 40 elastic polyamide plastic.

24. Example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic consists of a blend of polyester-polyamide block copolymer with Shore A hardness 20 softener with a 5% addition of a mixture of activated carbon and toluene and uses Shore A hardness 60 elastic plastic becomes.

25. Example:

A handle wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of a blend of polyester-polyamide block copolymer with Shore A hardness 20 softener with a 5% Addition of a mixture of zeolite A with toluene and is used as elastic plastic PBT Shore A hardness 60.

26. Example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of EPDM / Polyurethen the Shore A hardness 20 and is used as elastic plastic EPDM / polyurethane Shore A hardness 60, wherein the thermoplastic polyurethane is present in the product as a concentration gradient. This is achieved by connecting two injection-molded cylinders through a mixing nozzle. With different injection speeds of the plastic, the composition of the resulting plastic can be controlled so that it comes in the layer to a continuous Shore A hardness distribution, outside the highest hardness occurs.

27. Example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic made of EPDM / Polyurethen the Shore A hardness 10 and is used as SEBS / PP elastic material of Shore A hardness 55, wherein a concentration gradient of SEBS / PP in the product is present. This is achieved by connecting two injection-molded cylinders through a mixing nozzle. With different injection speeds of the plastic, the composition of the resulting plastic can be controlled so that it comes in the layer to a continuous Shore A hardness distribution, outside the highest hardness occurs.

Example 28

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of NBR / polyamide of Shore A hardness 10 and used as elastic plastic NBR / polyamide of Shore A hardness 55, wherein a concentration gradient of polyamide is present in the product. This is achieved by connecting two injection-molded cylinders through a mixing nozzle. With different injection speeds of the plastic, the composition of the resulting plastic can be controlled so that it comes in the layer to a continuous Shore A hardness distribution, outside the highest hardness occurs.

29. Example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of isobutylene-isoprene rubber / PP of Shore A hardness 10 and as elastic plastic isobutylene- Isoprene rubber / PP Shore A hardness 55 is used, with a

Concentration gradient of PP is present in the product. This is achieved by the

Connection of two injection-molded cylinders through a mixing nozzle. With different injection speeds of the plastic, the composition of the resulting plastic can be controlled so that it in the

Layer comes to a continuous Shore A hardness distribution, where outside the highest hardness occurs.

30. Example:

A handle, wherein the soft elastic plastic is made of TPNR / polyamide Shore A hardness 10 and is used as the elastic plastic TPNR / polyamide Shore A hardness 55, wherein a concentration gradient of polyamide is present in the product. This is achieved by connecting two injection-molded cylinders through a mixing nozzle. With different injection speeds of the plastic, the composition of the resulting plastic can be controlled so that it comes in the layer to a continuous Shore A hardness distribution, outside the highest hardness occurs.

The invention relates to a handle for transmitting a Torsionsmomentes or a compressive force, in particular for a tool, device or a vehicle driver.

According to the not yet published applications PCT / EP 2006/006045 and PCT / EP 2006/006092 of the applicant are elastically resilient handles that can deform under the action of the force of a hand spanning the hand in cross section of substantially three partial cross-sectional areas, namely

a handle core made of a hard material, a radially adjoining inner layer of soft plastic having a second hardness of 10 to 65 Shore A connected to the handle core and a radially adjoining outer layer of soft plastic connected to the inner layer having a first Hardness of 30 to 60 Shore A,

The plastics of the inner and outer layers are combined so that the hardness of the plastic used for the inner layer is less than the hardness of the plastic used for the outer layer. Most commercially available thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) in the stated hardness ranges contain types of plasticizers, for example paraffin oil or phthalates, which are used for "external" softening and tend to migrate to adjacent materials. The proportion of plasticizer in a plastic is higher, the lower its hardness. Since the hardness of the inner layer in the described handles is lower than that of the outer layer, there is a difference in plasticizer content from the inner layer to the outer layer. As a result, plasticizer migrates from the inner layer into the outer layer, so that its hardness gradually decreases and forms on the surface of the handle a film of plasticizer. Such a film is undesirable because it reduces the friction between the hand and grip surface; Good friction is required to transmit torque. Although plasticizing agents are available in a wide range and very soft setting, they are unsuitable for the manufacture of such handles.

As a solution to this problem has been found that for the production of handles of the type described such elastic plastics must be used in which plasticizer is chemically incorporated into the molecular chain or is cross-linked, where there is an "internal" plasticization and therefore the plasticizer only to a low degree for migration, for example EPDM + PP-X (crosslinked), (ethylene / propylene terpolymer 1 polypropylene), PBBS + PP (styrene / butylene styrene + polypropylene) or polyester plasticizers are used. Also found to be suitable were plastics which contain very little plasticizer, such as NR + PP-X, (crosslinked), based on natural rubber, or plasticizer-free TPU, low-hardness thermoplastic polyurethane.

The handles are made in a first manufacturing process in a sandwich process in which the inner and outer layers are formed in an injection molding step by successive injection of the various plastics into the mold cavity. This forms around the handle core around a thin layer of the same plastic, which also consists of the outer layer. This layer is referred to as a handle core sheath. In a second mode of manufacture, the inner layer is sprayed onto the handle core in a first mold in a first injection molding step and the outer layer is sprayed in a second mold onto the inner layer in a second injection molding step. This process does not produce a handle core sheath. With both handles it is important that if possible no migration of the plasticizer from the inner layer takes place in the adjacent layer or such a migration takes place only to a small extent.

The invention relates to a handle for a tool, especially for hand screw or garden tools, with optimized ergonomic properties.

A first further development of a handle made of hard plastic for screwdrivers has been proposed to improve the feel in US-PS 28 71 899. Accordingly, a prefabricated handle shell made of soft plastic is mounted on a handle core. Griffkem and handle shell are connected to transmit torque in the circumferential direction positively via profiles with each other. The use of soft plastic improves the grip of the handle. In a practical trial of the known handle, however, has shown that the soft grip coat stands out from the hard grip core under heavy loads and can form wrinkles. This "walking" called lifting of the grip of the handle core leads, especially with continuous use of the known handle to a painful blistering in the area of the user's palm and inflammation causing excessive stress on the hand bone. To avoid the aforementioned disadvantages, it has been proposed below to connect the Griffkem cohesively with the grip shell, wherein the soft plastic in this case form only circumferentially distributed portions of the grip shell or closed in the circumferential direction can surround the Griffkem, see. DE 29 02 159 U1, DE 195 39 200 A1, DE 295 17 276 U1, DE 299 00 746 U1, DE 299 04 082 U1. Handles of this type are today mainly made of plastic by injection molding. For tools of higher quality, a good ergonomic design and feel of the handles is sought,

In such handles made of two plastic components, the tool is anchored in a handle core made of hard plastic and this handle core is overmolded with a handle shell made of soft plastic (cf., for example, EP 0 627 974 B1). The handle shell made of soft plastic has a certain elasticity and gives a more pleasant grip than a handle, which is made only of hard plastic. Such "2-component grips" are also offered on the market for various other tools as screwdrivers, for example for trowels, pliers, saws, garden tools. Since the soft plastic also u. U. has a higher coefficient of friction than hard plastic can with such "2-component handle higher torques are transmitted than with a handle of equal size made of hard plastic. This is of importance for handles for screwdrivers, screw clamps, etc.

The invention has for its object to propose, taking into account the manufacturing capabilities and mechanical properties of a handle that has not only an ergonomically well-trained, but solid shape, as in the prior art, but in which the good ergonomic shape and feel through a Adjustment possibility of the handle is added to the hand of a user.

The object underlying the invention is achieved by a handle according to the features of the embodiment 1. Further embodiments of the handle arise according to the features of the embodiments 2 to 23.

The invention is based on the finding that in a design of a handle according to the initially cited prior art, a conflict of objectives is to be solved.

On the one hand adaptability of the handle body to the individual hand shape and - large user - and this enlargement of the contact surface between the hand and handle surface - is achieved when the stiffness of the handle body forming material is reduced, on the other hand is for a transmission of higher torques on the handle sufficient stiffness of the handle body required,

This conflict of objectives is achieved according to the invention by a stiffness optimization of the handle body. According to the invention, the grip body has in the radial direction substantially three grip areas or cross-sectional areas with different rigidity according to the following description: A second and third cross-sectional area are around the core handle made of hard plastic, the first cross-sectional area in which the tool is anchored formed elastic plastic, which together have a greater thickness than the sheath made of soft plastic in the known Griffausführungen. The second and third cross-sectional area is constructed so that directly adjoins the core handle, a layer of elastic plastic, which has the same strength or hardness, as the surface layer of the handle. This is defined as the third cross-sectional area. Between the two layers is the second cross-sectional area, which is formed of soft plastic with a hardness which is less than the hardness of the plastic of the third cross-sectional area. In the second cross-sectional area, the plastic may have a porous or closed structure. In the third cross-sectional area, the plastic preferably has a closed structure. The first cross-sectional area has a first stiffness, the second cross-sectional area has a second stiffness, and the third cross-sectional area has a third stiffness. The second and third cross-sectional areas are interconnected

the and with the core handle preferably materially connected. In addition - or alone - the connection with the core handle can also be positively formed by notches in the core handle or on this radially set ribs or a non-circular cross sections of the core handle. The layer adjoining the core grip has a closed structure.

When the handle is applied by the user's hand force, experience has shown that higher normal forces are exerted by the fingers than by the palm of the hand. Due to the low hardness of the second cross-sectional area, this may yield differently, together with the surface layer, corresponding to the normal forces acting differently in the different zones of the grip. Seen in cross section, the handle is pressed radially by the finger force on the side against which the fingers abut, but more bulged in the direction transverse to the force of the fingers, something also towards the palm, as a certain displacement of the volume of the second cross-sectional area of the Finger side done in the other directions. The assumed shape is largely adapted to the cavity formed by the hand surrounding the handle. Due to the spatial deformation forms in the inventive handle a larger contact area between the hand and the handle, as if the adjustment would not take place, as is the case with handles according to the prior art. As a result, the specific pressure load of the hand is distributed more evenly, there are no unpleasant pressure points and the forces to be applied with less Muscle tension can be initiated. Overall, a much more comfortable gripping feeling arises than with known handles. As a result of the elasticity of the plastics used, the original handle shape immediately forms again when the grip is no longer exerted.

For the second and third cross-sectional areas, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) are preferably used - plastics such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO), polypropylene, EPDM rubber, styrene block copolymers. The different stiffness of the cross-sectional areas is achieved mainly by using plastics with different hardness. By adding a propellant in the plastic of the second cross-sectional area a porous structure and thus a lower rigidity can be generated. For the second cross-sectional area otherwise a very soft plastic with a hardness of 10 to 55 Shore A is used for the third grip area plastic having a hardness of 30 to 105 Schore A, in particular from 40 to 85 Shore A. If the second cross-sectional area with a executed porous structure, the plastic may have a higher initial hardness, for example, from 20 to 85 Shore A.

The manufacture of the handle is carried out so that first of the core handle is made in a first Spritzgiessforrn, whereby the shank of the tool is poured. In a second injection mold, the second and third cross-sectional areas are sprayed onto the core handle inserted into the mold, specifically in the mono or interval sandwich method. In both methods, first the plastic compound forming the third cross-sectional area is injected into the mold and immediately thereafter the plastic mass forming the second cross-sectional area. This displaces the first injected still liquid mass to the wall of the mold cavity or to the wall of the core handle, whereby the third cross-sectional area is formed becomes. Through this procedure, it is achieved that forms a dense layer on the surface of the handle. The thickness of this layer can be controlled by the process sequence, for example the metered quantities of one or the other injected plastic or the parameters of the injection molding process. The thickness of the layer is in any case adjusted so that the radial deformability of the second and third cross-sectional area is not diminished when a force acting on the hand enclosing the handle while working, on the other hand a good transmission of an introduced torque is ensured, as for example Using such a handle is required for a screwdriver. It has been found that a layer thickness of approximately 0.6 to 2.5 mm is expedient, wherein the thickness can vary over the surface.

The higher hardness of the plastic used for the surface layer or the third cross-sectional area also has the advantage that on the use of the handle foreign particles, such as metal chips, do not get stuck and can cause injury to the hand. The higher hardness also gives a more pleasant haptic feel than the surface of a very soft plastic. For the surface layer is advantageously a quality or type of plastic can be used, which has a sufficient for the application resistance to chemicals, fats and oils. Such resistance have the very soft plastic types used for the second cross-sectional area usually not, or a corresponding equipment makes the plastic more expensive, so that it is expedient for cost reasons, only for the surface layer to use a plastic with appropriate resistance. Of course, however, a resistant plastic can also be used for the second cross-sectional area. A further advantage is that in the manufacturing process on the surface of the core handle, a layer of plastic with the higher hardness, from which the surface layer is formed forms, and on this layer a rotational torque or other forces better from the surface of the handle in the Core handle can be initiated, as if the soft plastic of the second cross-sectional area would connect directly to the core handle. As a further improvement of the transmissibility of a torque can be provided, in particular with handles for screwdriver, the ribs radially attached to the Kemgriff on the described layer of plastic higher hardness continue to protrude so that they protrude into the second cross-sectional area of soft plastic, but only so far that the radial deformability is not impaired.

The pairing of the plastics used for the second and third cross-sectional area in hardness and type or type, is chosen so that they enter into a good material connection with each other and with the core handle, on the other hand, the desired deformability is ensured.

In an alternative manufacturing process, the second and third cross-sectional areas are made as a self-contained molded part that is the same Structure has, as previously described. In this case, a central, longitudinally extending cavity is formed by a mold core having a non-circular cross-section, for example, a hexagonal cross-section or a round cross-section with molded, running in the longitudinal direction pockets. Formed around the mandrel, as in the method described above, is a layer of plastic of higher hardness around the mandrel. The core handle has the same cross section, ie either a hexagonal cross section or a round cross section with radially mounted webs, which engage in the pockets in the second or third cross sectional area. About the non-circular cross sections, a torque can be transmitted. The mass and tolerances of the two cross sections are coordinated so that the injection molding forming the second ¹ and third cross-sectional area can be pushed tight fit on the core handle. Conveniently, both parts are additionally glued together. But you can also be connected by a snap connection. In the example according to FIG. 2, the snap connection consists of an annular groove formed in the core grip into which the grip part, consisting of grip area 2 and 3, engages with an annular bead. Since the handle part is made of elastic plastic, it can yield during demolding so that the annular bead lifts out of a corresponding recess in the cavity forming the cavity. Likewise, it can yield to the core handle when sliding on until the snap-in connection engages. Of course, the snap connection may also be formed in other ways or an axial security of another kind may be provided.

In the drawings, the subject invention is exemplified, in the example, it is a screwdriver - handle. Show it:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a handle according to the invention, with a cap forming the spherical end of the handle, which is formed at the end of the core handle;

FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the handle of FIG. 1 along the line 1 - 1;

3 shows a longitudinal section through a handle, in which the grip part with the second and third cross-sectional area is axially secured by a snap connection on the core grip, the first cross-sectional area;

Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a handle, wherein the core handle is extended in the front part to the handle surface and the handle part with the second and third Cross-sectional area between the front part of the core handle and a reduced cap is taken;

5 shows a longitudinal section through a handle, in which the first cross-sectional area, the core handle, does not pass to the handle end, but the handle end is formed by the second and third cross-sectional area;

FIG. 6 shows, as a partial longitudinal section, a handle in which the shank (3c) of the core grip without cap extends to the rear end of the grip (1).

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The longitudinal section according to FIG. 1 by a handle (1) according to the invention shows the core handle (3) made of hard plastic, forming the first cross-sectional area, for which a first rigidity is defined. Inserted into the core handle is the shank (2) of a tool. At the end of the core handle, a large cap (4) is molded to the core handle and forms the crowned end of the handle. The hard plastic cap has a smooth, frictionless surface. This is advantageous in a screwdriver handle, because when exerting a high torque, the hand is supported at the handle end and the handle rotates in the palm. For smaller handles or those for other tools, with a different hand - grip coupling, the formation of such a cap is not required. The surface layer (5a) covers the entire grip surface. Except for the cap and a small area on the front of the handle. On the front side, the front end of the core grip sealingly abuts in the mold cavity when the second and third cross-sectional areas (5b, 5a) are sprayed onto the core handle.

The surface layer (5a) forms the third cross-sectional area for which a third stiffness is defined. The surface layer continues on the inside of the cap to the surface of the core handle and forms adjacent to the rear part of the core handle (3) the layer (5c). Between the surface of the Kemgriffes or the layer (5c) is the second cross-sectional area (5b), for which a second stiffness is defined. The second and third cross-sectional area is formed of elastic plastic of different hardness, wherein the plastic used for the third cross-sectional area has a higher hardness than the plastic used for the second cross-sectional area. When applying the handle with a hand force, when using the tool, deform the third and second cross-sectional area spatially and adapt to the cavity of the hand acting on the handle, so that on the one hand an optimal coupling of the handle and hand can be achieved, on the other hand by a handle with a basic shape with differently shaped hands.

The three cross-sectional areas are - by appropriate selection of the plastics used - material, by welding during the injection process, connected together. In addition - in particular with handles, with which a torque must be transmitted - a form-locking connection of the first and second cross-sectional area can be provided. In the example of FIG. 1, ribs (6) are radially attached to the core grip (3), which project beyond the layer (5c) into the second cross-sectional area. It is advantageous that the layer (5c) is formed between the ribs. Since it has a higher hardness or strength than the plastic forming the second cross-sectional area (5b) and is connected to the surface of the core grip (3) by welding, it effectively contributes to the transmission of torque.

By Fig. 2 is a cross-section through Fig. 1 is shown, which illustrates the structure of the handle with the three Ouerschnittsbereichen.

Figure 3. shows in longitudinal section a handle, which is hergstellt after the second manufacturing process. The second and third cross-sectional area (5b, 5a) are produced in an injection mold as a separate part, resulting in the same stratification, as when spraying on the core handle. Through this part extends in the longitudinal direction, however, a cavity whose cross-sectional contour corresponds to the selected cross-sectional contour of the core handle and is formed during injection molding by a mandrel. To protect against rotation, or for the transmission of torque, the cross-sectional contour is out of round. In the example ribs (6) are attached to the core grip. In the separately produced handle part are formed radially from the longitudinally extending cavity outgoing pockets, in which the ribs engage when the part from the front of the core handle (3) is plugged. In the end position, the handle part lies with the rear end on the inside of the cap (4), at the front end it is connected by the snap connection (7) with the core handle and secured in its axial position.

4, the front part (3a) of the core grip (3) is widened in the radial direction and forms with its surface the front area of the grip surface. The cross-sectional areas (5b, 5a) are located between the extended front part of the core handle and a - reduced - cap (49) at the end of the core handle. The grip part with the cross-sectional areas (5a, 5b) can either be initially manufactured as a separate injection molding and plugged from behind over the cap (4a) on the core handle or it is sprayed directly onto the core handle, as in the embodiment according to Fig.1. Since the cross-sectional areas (5a, 5b) are elastic, the longitudinal cavity expands during assembly of the injection molded part over the reduced-diameter cap (4a), in the end position, the part is almost on the core handle and is axially between the extended front part and the cap secured to the end of the core handle.

5 shows a longitudinal section finally a handle in which the Kemgriff (3) does not go through to the end of the handle (1), but its end (3b) opposite the rear end of the handle (1) protrudes and the end part (8) of Handle made of plastic of the cross-sectional areas (5a, 5b) is formed.

REFERENCE LIST - LIST

(1) the handle

(2) the shank of a tool

(3) the core grip, the first cross-sectional region (3a) the extended front part of the core grip (3b) the end of the core grip without the cap (3c) the shaft of the core grip

(4) a large cap at the end of the core handle

(4a) a reduced cap at the end of the core handle 6a drifting the

5b) the second cross-sectional area made of very soft plastic (5c) is the layer on the core grip of the same plastic from which the surface layer is formed

(6) ribs radially attached to the core grip

(7) a snap connection

(8) the end part of the handle formed from the second and third cross-sectional areas. Handles with the described construction are suitable for screwdrivers, screw clamps, but also, for example, for saws, trowels, chisels, hand garden tools, and other tools, the outer shape of which corresponds to the appropriate form for each tool.

Further, the invention includes the following to be attributed to the description of embodiments 1 to 23

Handle (1) for tools characterized in that it is constructed in the radial direction substantially of three cross-sectional areas with different stiffness, namely a first cross-sectional area, the core handle (3) made of hard plastic having a first stiffness, a third cross-sectional area, the surface layer ( 5a) of elastic plastic having a third stiffness and the second cross-sectional area (5b) of soft elastic plastic having a second stiffness between the first and third cross-sectional areas, the second stiffness being less than the third stiffness, and the sizing of the areas and their rigidity Such are that upon application of the handle (1) by the force of a hand, a spatial deformation of the second and third cross-sectional area (5a, 5b) takes place.

2. Handle according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the plastic in the second cross-sectional area (5b) has a closed structure and a hardness of 1 Q to 55 Shore A.

3. Handle according to embodiment 1, characterized in that the plastic in the second cross-sectional area (5b) has a porous structure and in the starting material has a hardness of 20 to 8.5 Shore A.

4. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 3, characterized in that the plastic in the third cross-sectional area (5a) has a hardness of 30 to 105 Shore A,

5. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 3, characterized in that the plastic of the plastic in the third cross-sectional area (5a) has a hardness of 40 to 85 Shore A, 6. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 5, characterized in that the hardness of the plastic in the third cross-sectional area (5a) is greater than the hardness of the plastic in the second cross-sectional area (5b).

7. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 6, characterized in that the radial extent of the second cross-sectional area (5b) on average is greater than that of the third cross-sectional area (5a).

8. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 7, characterized in that the plastic in the third cross-sectional area (5a) has no porous structure.

9. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 8, characterized in that the plastic, at least in the third cross-sectional area (6a) has sufficient resistance to oils, fats and chemicals,

10.hand grip according to the embodiments 1 to 9, characterized in that the thickness of the third cross-sectional area (5a) is between 0.6 and 2.5 mm.

11. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 10, characterized in that around the core handle (3) a layer (So) is formed, which is formed from the same plastic as the third cross-sectional area (5a).

12. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 11, characterized in that the second and third cross-sectional area (5b, 5a) are materially interconnected.

13. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 12, characterized in that the first and second cross-sectional area (3, 5b) are materially and / or positively connected with each other.

14. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 13, characterized in that the second and third cross-sectional area (5b, 5a) directly on the first cross-sectional area (3 the core handle, are sprayed.

15. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 14, characterized in that the second and third cross-sectional area (5b, Sa) made as an injection molded part for itself and on the first cross section, the core handle (3) mounted form-fitting connected to it and fixed by gluing or a snap connection (7) on it.

16, handle according to the embodiments 1 to 15, characterized in that the core handle (3) has a spherical end of the handle (1) forming cap (4) whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the shaft (3c) of the core handle ,

17. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 16, characterized in that the core handle (3) has no crowned cap (4) and with the shaft (3c) to the end of the handle (1) passes.

18. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 15, characterized in that the shank (3c) of the core handle does not pass to the end of the handle (1).

19. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 18, characterized in that the second and third cross-sectional area (5b, 5a) the core handle (3), optionally with the exception of the cap (4), almost completely surrounds,

20. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 18, characterized in that the core handle in the front region (3a) is vorgrössert radially to the handle surface and the second and third handle portion (5b sofa) with a length (1) substantially from the User's hand comprised middle and rear handle portion of about two thirds to three quarters of the entire handle length (L) forms.

21. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 20, characterized in that radially on the core handle (3) attached ribs (6) extend into the second handle portion (5b) into it.

22. Handle according to the embodiments 1 to 21, characterized in that it corresponds to the structure of these claims, but its outer shape of the appropriate and customary for the respective tool shape,

Embodiment 23: A tool handle (1) is constructed in the radial direction essentially from three gripping areas, namely a first gripping area with a first stiffness, the hard plastic core handle (3) into which the tool is inserted, a third gripping area, the surface layer (5a) of elastic Plastic having a third stiffness and the second gripping area 8 5b) lying between the first and third gripping areas, with a second rigidity, the second stiffness being less than the third stiffness. When the handle is acted upon by the force of a user's hand, a spatial, in particular radial, deformation occurs in the second and third grip areas, whereby the handle of the cavity adapts to the hand surrounding it and forms a larger contact area between the hand and the handle than for handles in which such deformation can not take place. The handle according to the invention fulfills ergonomic requirements optimally

It can be seen that the invention describes a handle (1) for hand tools constructed in the radial direction from substantially three cross-sectional areas with different rigidity. A first cross-sectional area, the handle core (3) made of hard plastic having a first stiffness, a third cross-sectional area, the surface layer (5a) of elastic plastic having a third stiffness and a lying between the first and third cross-sectional area second cross-sectional area (5b) made of soft elastic plastic a second stiffness. The second rigidity is less than the third rigidity and is due to a means fixed in the second cross-sectional area (5b) and / or in the third cross-sectional area (5a). This agent prevents the migration of plasticizers through the individual cross-sectional areas.

Reference number list

1) handle

2) Shaft of a functional part

3) grip core, core grip, first cross-sectional area 5a) third cross-sectional area, surface layer 5b) second cross-sectional area

6) layer

7) the handle surface

Claims

claims

A handle (1) for hand tools in the radial direction composed of substantially three cross-sectional areas of different rigidity, namely a first cross-sectional area, the core handle (3) of hard plastic having a first rigidity, a third cross-sectional area, the surface layer (5a) of elastic Plastic having a third stiffness and the second cross-sectional area (5b) of soft elastic plastic with a second rigidity lying between the first and third cross-sectional areas, characterized in that the second stiffness is less than the third stiffness and the dimensioning of the areas and their rigidity Such are that upon application of the handle (1) by the force of a hand, a spatial deformation of the second and third cross-sectional area (5a, 5b) takes place.

2. Handle according to claim 1, characterized dadu rch gekennzeich net, that means for generating and / or maintaining the rigidity of the second cross-sectional area (5b) and / or the third cross-sectional area (5a) in and / or on the plastic of the second cross-sectional area (5b) and / or the third cross-sectional area (5a) is fixed.

The handle of claim 2, characterized in that the agent is an unsaturated molecular moiety.

4. Handle according to claim 3, dadu rch geken nzeich net that the unsaturated molecular unit is part of the soft elastic plastic and / or the elastic plastic and / or is chemically bonded to the soft elastic plastic and / or to the elastic plastic.

5. Handle according to one of claims 3 or 4, dadu rch geken nzeichnet that the unsaturated molecular unit is adsorbed to the soft elastic plastic and / or the elastic plastic.

6. Handle according to claim 5, characterized Porsche Style nzeichnet that the unsaturated molecular unit is immobilized on the soft elastic plastic and / or the elastic plastic.

7. Handle according to one of claims 1 to 6, dadu rch geken nzeich net that the soft elastic plastic has a closed structure and a hardness of 10 to 55 Shore A.

8. Handle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the soft elastic plastic has a porous structure and before processing has a hardness of 20 to 85 Shore A.

θ. A handle according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the means is a separating layer arranged between the second cross-sectional area (5b) and the third cross-sectional area (5a).

10. Handle according to claim 9, characterized Porsche Style nzeichnet that the release layer is impermeable to plasticizer.

11. Handle according to one of claims 2 to 10, dadu rch geken nzeich net that the agent is a plasticizer.

12 handle according to claim 11, dadu rch geken nzeich net that the plasticizer on the soft elastic plastic in the cross-sectional area 5 b and / or on the elastic plastic in the cross-sectional area 5 a is bound so that it is not or only to a small extent in the adjacent cross-sectional area 5 b and / or diffused into the adjacent cross-sectional area 5a.

13. Handle according to claim 11 or 12, dadu rch geken nzeich net that the plasticizer in the soft elastic plastic of the cross-sectional area (5 b) and / or in the elastic plastic of the cross-sectional area (5 a) is provided in an amount which is smaller than this is required for the formation of the second stiffness and / or the third stiffness.

14. Handle according to one of claims 1 to 10, dadu rch geken nzeich net that the soft elastic plastic of the cross-sectional area (5 b) and / or the elastic plastic of the cross-sectional area (5 a) is free of plasticizers.

15. Handle according to one of claims 1 to 14, dadu rch geken net nets that in the third cross-sectional area (5 a) provided elastic plastic from the same monomers is formed as in the second cross-sectional area (5 b) provided soft elastic plastic.

16. Handle according to one of claims 1 to 15, dadu rch geken net nets that the elastic plastic and the soft elastic plastic networked together and / or are materially connected.

17. Handle according to one of claims 1 to 16, dadu rch geken nzeich net, that the soft elastic plastic of the second cross-sectional area (5 b) has a hardness lower by at least 20 Shore A than the elastic plastic of the third cross-sectional area (5 a).

18. Handle according to one of claims 1 to 17, dadu rch geken nzeich net that the hardness of the composite handle at a temperature of 20 ⁰ C measured on the surface at the location of the largest diameter at 20 to 50 Shore A, and preferably at 25 to 45 Shore A lies.

19. Handle according to one of claims 1 to 18, dadu rch gekennzeich net that he is an embodiment of the features disclosed in the description in variable combination.