Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
  • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
  • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
  • H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

• the invention is based on an antenna arrangement consisting of a conductive cylinder which is placed on a conductive surface.
• the beam characteristic that is the antenna diagram, must be adjustable to the requirements of the various services.
• patch antennas are used today, which can be made both compact and inexpensive, as well as the required for the satellite services polarization (left / right circular) can provide.
• the additional reception of vertically polarized signals at elevation angles between 0 ° and 10 ° usually fails in this type of antennas at a low gain.
• the currently used antennas such as patch antennas, have in the
• US Pat. No. 6,304,224 B1 discloses an antenna with a cuboid housing having a cross-slot structure in an outer wall. Opposite the cross-slot structure is located in a further outer wall, a folded resonance space, due to the folding an outer dimension is less than half of the operating wavelength can be achieved. This allows for high power radiation with precise circular polarization.
• the height of the cylinder is less than half of the Operating wavelength selected so that the radiation characteristic in the area outside the cylinder axis has a higher antenna gain than in the range of the cylinder axis, it is possible to achieve a high antenna gain at low elevation angles between 0 ° and 10 °, especially in vertical polarization.
• the gain in the elevation range can be adjusted so that it is raised at low elevation angles.
• Antenna in addition to a left circular polarization also a high gain of the vertical components at very low elevation angles between 0 ° and 30 ° at the same port available.
• the dimensions of the antenna described below can be further reduced by constructing the antenna on a substrate with a high dielectric constant and / or surrounded by such a material.
• FIG. 1 shows the structure of an antenna according to the invention with slots in the end face of the cylinder
• FIG. 2 shows the same antenna with representation of the current distribution
• FIG. 3 shows a feed network for an antenna structure according to the invention
• FIG. 4 shows an ohmic coupling for exciting the antenna structure
• FIG. 5 a field coupling for excitation of the antenna
• FIG. 6 shows the dependence of the antenna diagram on the elevation angle for different cylinder heights in left circular polarization
• FIG. 7 shows the dependence of the antenna diagram on the azimuth angle in the case of left circular polarization
• FIG. 8 the dependence of the antenna diagram on the elevation angle with vertical polarization
• FIG. 9 shows an antenna according to the invention with slots extended over the edge of the cylinder
• FIG. 11 shows an antenna arrangement as in FIG. 10 with recesses in which the plane of the slots projects beyond the edge in the region of the slots, FIG.
• FIG. 12 shows an antenna arrangement whose cylinder is filled with material-high relative permittivity
• FIG. 13 shows an antenna arrangement whose cylinder is filled and surrounded by material-high relative permittivity
• FIG. 14 shows an antenna arrangement with additional slot in the end face of the cylinder
• FIG. 15 shows an antenna arrangement with an additional slot in the cylinder jacket. Description of the invention
• FIG. 1 shows the structure of an antenna arrangement according to the invention.
• a metallically conductive cylinder is placed or applied.
• This cylinder 2 has radial slots 3 on its end face remote from the conductive surface 1.
• these slots 3 are formed as perpendicular to each other arranged rectangular Phillips, which extend from the central axis of the cylinder 2 to the outer boundary of the end face.
• the segments 4 formed by the slots 3 are fed individually.
• the feeding points 5 are close to the intersection of the slots, that is near the cylinder axis.
• FIG. 2 shows the same antenna arrangement as FIG. 1 with additional representation of the current distribution, the intensity being recognizable by the gray scale.
• the height of the cylinder is selected in the range smaller than half the operating wavelength so that the radiation characteristic in the area outside the cylinder axis, in particular at the outer edge, a higher antenna gain g than in the region of the cylinder axis. This has the advantage that the border of the cylinder
• Gain at low elevation angles is influenced so that the elevation range of the antenna pattern can be adjusted.
• FIGS. 6 and 7 show the antenna diagrams of various arrangements. An ideal adaptation was required. FIG. 6 shows this
• LHCP stands for the left-polarized portion
• Recesses 8 may be provided in the boundary. Also, an additional boundary 9 of the cylinder over the plane of the slots 3 is possible, so that the boundary of the cylinder 2 projects beyond the plane of the slots 3 in the emission direction. In the boundary 9, recesses 10 may also be provided in the region of the slots 3 (FIG. 11). By doing so, the elevation range of the antenna pattern can be manipulated to emphasize the gain in the peripheral areas of the antenna pattern. In addition, the concept is very simple and inexpensive executable. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, further, likewise rectangular slots can be arranged in the cylinder 2 in order to cover other frequency ranges and / or to excite polarizations. In Figure 14, an additional radial slot 11 is provided in the end face and in Figure 15, a slot 12 in the outer jacket.
• This signal can also be tapped off either at the port Pl shown in FIG. 3 or at the port P2 decoupled from the port P1.
• the excitation of the antenna ( Figures 1 and 2 show the excitation points 5) is realized by four quadrature signals by a feed network 13, as z. B. shown in Figure 3, generated.
• the 4 signals are generated by using three 3 dB hybrids 1 - 3 in combination with a 90 ° detour line.
• the receiving left circular polarized signal can be tapped.
• the terminating resistors are designated R in FIG.
• the supply of the signals to the antenna structure can be carried out in various ways known from the literature.
• the contact points 5 of a direct excitation are shown in FIG.
• the signals are transmitted by means of lines 14 from the feed network 13 arranged below the conductive surface 1 isolated performed by the conductive surface 1 and the contact points supplied directly (ohmic contact).
• the position of the excitation (FIG. 1: RA) can be used to set the antenna impedance.
• the input impedance of the antenna can be influenced by alternatively exciting the antenna by field coupling.
• this field coupling is shown schematically by a plan view in more detail.
• the different hatchings indicate different heights (positions) within the cylinder.
• the field coupling is carried out by four open at the end lines 15, which extend perpendicular to these under the slots 3. Through coupling of the fields, the excitation takes place. By varying the line width and the length of the open lines 15 and the distance between the
• Matching elements can also be provided for direct coupling.

Landscapes

• Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
• Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=37527596

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (6)

Citations (5)

• 2005
  • 2005-12-27 DE DE200510062542 patent/DE102005062542A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-11-20 WO PCT/EP2006/068672 patent/WO2007073993A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2006-11-20 EP EP06819622A patent/EP1969674B1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-11-20 CN CN200680049457.5A patent/CN101346854B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-11-20 DE DE502006007801T patent/DE502006007801D1/de active Active
  • 2006-11-20 JP JP2008547921A patent/JP2009521885A/ja not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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