Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/36—Blood coagulation or fibrinolysis factors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/04—Antihaemorrhagics; Procoagulants; Haemostatic agents; Antifibrinolytic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/02—Non-specific cardiovascular stimulants, e.g. drugs for syncope, antihypotensives
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

• the present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock and its sequelae.
• Shock is an acute complication of many different pathological conditions characterized by the inability of the cardiovascular system to maintain sufficient circulatory pressure. More specifically, in hemorrhagic shock, blood loss exceeds the ability of the body to compensate and provide adequate tissue perfusion and oxygen saturation. This is often due to trauma, but may also be caused by spontaneous bleeding (e.g., gastrointestinal bleeding, childbirth), surgery, and other causes. Most commonly, a clinical hemorrhagic shock is caused by an acute bleeding episode with a separate triggering event. Less frequently, hemorrhagic shock is seen in chronic conditions with subacute blood loss. This condition is the leading cause of death in the age group 1-44.
• the bleeding physiological compensatory mechanisms include an initial peripheral and mesenteric vasoconstriction to relocate blood to the central circulation. This is then amplified by progressive tachycardia. Invasive monitoring may reveal increased cardiac index, increased oxygen delivery (ie, DO 2 ), and increased oxygen consumption (ie, VO 2 ) through the tissues.
• the lactate levels, acid-base state and other characteristics may also be useful indicators of a physiological condition. Age, drug treatments, and comorbid factors can affect a patient's response to a hemorrhagic shock.
• hemorrhagic shock Failure of compensatory mechanisms can lead to death in hemorrhagic shock. Without intervention, severe hemorrhagic shock is associated with a classic trimodal distribution of the death trap. Within minutes of bleeding, an initial mortality peak occurs due to immediate bleeding. Another peak occurs due to progressive decompensation after 1 to several hours. A third peak occurs days or weeks later due to sepsis and organ failure, which are a common sequelae of reperfusion injury to the organs.
• a shock due to blood loss and hemorrhagic shock are associated with obvious or unobvious changes in the plasma fibrinogen, accompanied by fibrin formation and an increase in fibrin fragments.
• This activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways can lead to obvious or non-obvious disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which results in vascular occlusion and end-organ damage, and a consumption of coagulation factors that results in bleeding.
• DIC intravascular coagulation
• fibrinogen, fibrin, and fibrin fragments not only play a role in blood clotting, but have multiple binding sites for cell and matrix proteins that allow them to interact with white blood cells, platelets, endothelial cells, and matrix structures.
• fibrinogen or fibrin plays in inflammation is extensively documented (reviewed by Altieri Thromb Haemost 82: 781-786, Herrick et al., Int J Biochem Cell Biol 31: 741-46).
• the D region of the molecule contains numerous binding sites for matrix molecules, endothelial cells, platelets and inflammatory cells.
• the E region of the fibrin binds to CD1c (Loike et al., Proc Natl Acad., USA 88: 1044-48).
• this peptide prevents myocardial inflammation and reduces the extent of myocardial infarction in ischemia / reperfusion situations (WO 02/48180).
• Fibrin fragments occur in any situation with impaired fibrin formation and impaired fibrinolysis. Especially in situations of shock, this altered fibrin formation and this altered fibrinolysis represent a major problem.
• a direct correlation between the result and the impairment of fibrin formation / fibrinolysis has been documented. For example, Dengue (van Gorp et al J Med Virol 2002, 67: 549-54, Mairuhu et al., Lancet Inf Dis 2003; 3: 33-41).
• ARDS Adult respiratory snapshot syndrome
• Idell Am J Respir Med. 2002; 1: 383-91 Thrombosis in the pulmonary vessels and disseminated intravascular coagulation were also observed in association with ARDS.
• the invention relates to the use of a peptide comprising the N-terminal sequence Gly-His-Arg-Pro-Leu-Asp-Lys-Lys-Arg-Glu-Glu-Ala-Pro-Ser-Leu-Arg-Pro-Ala.
• the chain ie, bp 15-42
• this peptide is N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N
• peptides exert extremely beneficial effects in protecting warm-blooded animals from the consequences and complications of reperfusion following major bleeding episodes and hemorrhagic shock.
• the peptides can prevent such diseases as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), kidney failure, liver failure and multiple organ failure.
• SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome
• ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome
• kidney failure liver failure
• multiple organ failure multiple organ failure.
• NDSK N-terminal disulfide node of fibrinogen
• NDSK-II N-terminal disulfide knot of fibrin
• thrombin 20 U / lmg NDSK
• the residual thrombin was neutralized at 37 0 C for 2 hours with 10 mM Diisopr ⁇ pylfluorophosphat (Fluka, Milwaukee, WI). All products were then dialyzed into phosphate buffered saline (PBS).
• PBS phosphate buffered saline
• Peptide Bp 15-42 binds to VE-cadherin
• VE-cadherin has been identified as the binding ligand of the sequence Bbeta ⁇ .
• ⁇ And ELISAs have been developed to detect this interaction of endothelial cells and / or VE-cadherin with fibrin or fibrin fragments. Martinez et al.
• anti-pan-cadherin antibodies used to capture cadherins from endothelial cells followed by incubation with fibrin (Martinez et al., Ann NY Acad Sci 936: 386-405), HUVEC monolayers (expressing VE-cadherin) were radiolabeled fibrin fragments or peptide Bbeta 15-42 overlaid (Bach et al J Biol Chem 273: 30719-28; Harley et al Art Thromb vase Biol. 20:. 652-658), and Gorlatov and Medved, recombinant VE-cadherin used (Biochemistry 41: 4107-16).
• VE-cadherin either as a truncated protein, as a full-length protein or coupled with other proteins that do not interfere with the Bbeta 15-42 binding site, may interact with the bbeta-fibrin sequence.
• 96-well protein were (, Exiqon Vedbaek, Denmark) (/ ml 8 nM; R & D Systems Minneapolis,) with recombinant human VE-cadherin-Fc fusion protein in PBS and allowed to stand overnight at 4 0C.
• the plates were then washed and incubated with peptide B ⁇ 15-42 (GHRPLDKKREEAPSL RPAPPPISGGGYR) labeled with a FLAG sequence (DYKDDDDK) at the C-terminus of the peptide, or with a FLAG-tagged random peptide (DRGAPAHRPPRGPISGRSTPEKEKLLPG), in a concentration of 0-80 ⁇ mol / ml.
• FLAG-tagged peptide was detected by incubation with a peroxidase-labeled anti-FLAG antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, USA) and a chromogenic substrate.
• the optical density was determined by an ELISA plate reader set at a wavelength of 450 nm. The data represent the average of three independent trials, each done in triplicate.
• the table below shows that peptide B ⁇ 15-42 bound to VE-cadherin in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, the random peptide showed only insignificant binding.
• the peptide B ⁇ 15-4 2 and fibrin fragments compete for binding to VE-cadherin.
• the plastic surface was coated with VE-cadherin at a concentration of 8 nM / ml. Thereafter, the indicated peptides were added in concentrations of 200 ⁇ M / ml, NDSK or NDSK-II was added at the indicated concentrations. Detection of binding of FLAG-labeled Bbeta 15-42 (12 ⁇ M / ml) was performed as described above.
• 96-well cell culture plates were coated with 1% gelatin. Approximately 23,000 human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were pipetted into each well in 200 ⁇ l of medium. The HUVECs were taken from Passage 4 from a pool of four different donors. The medium used for the dilution was a standard medium with 10% FCS, ECGS in Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium (Petzelbauer et al., J. Immunol. 151: 5062-5072, 1993). Within about 18 hours, a confluent cell monolayer forms at 37 ° C in an incubator. The supernatant was removed and replaced with a medium containing either NDSK-II alone or NDSK-II plus peptide Bß I5-42 (GHRPLDKKREEAPSLRPAPPPISGGGYR).
• HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cells
• the final total volume was 200 ⁇ l. After a 4 hour incubation at 37 ° C under 5% CO 2 , the cell culture supernatant was again removed and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4 ° C at 3000 rpm. The concentration of interleukin-6 (TL-6) was measured using commercial analysis (JL-6 Quantikine Immunoassay (R & D Systems Catalog #: D6050; Lot: 231361)) Calibration was performed according to the standard protocol provided by the manufacturer of the analysis Various dilutions of recombinant BL-6 and medium were performed The optical density readings were taken at a wavelength of 450 nm with a reference wavelength of 550 nm.

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• 2005
  • 2005-12-23 AT AT0206705A patent/AT502987A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2006
  • 2006-11-10 KR KR1020087017988A patent/KR20080108221A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2006-11-10 JP JP2008546020A patent/JP2009520696A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-11-10 CA CA002634026A patent/CA2634026A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-11-10 ES ES06804388T patent/ES2331970T3/es active Active
  • 2006-11-10 AT AT06804388T patent/ATE440282T1/de active
  • 2006-11-10 CN CNA2006800486507A patent/CN101365477A/zh active Pending
  • 2006-11-10 AU AU2006326890A patent/AU2006326890A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-11-10 EP EP06804388A patent/EP1962887B1/de active Active
  • 2006-11-10 WO PCT/AT2006/000465 patent/WO2007070899A2/de not_active Ceased
  • 2006-11-10 RU RU2008130413/15A patent/RU2008130413A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-11-10 US US12/158,670 patent/US7897574B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-11-10 EP EP09010282A patent/EP2110136A3/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-11-10 DE DE502006004619T patent/DE502006004619D1/de active Active
• 2008
  • 2008-06-19 IL IL192349A patent/IL192349A0/en unknown
  • 2008-07-17 NO NO20083191A patent/NO20083191L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

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