WO2007062561A1 - Procede d'affinage pouvant ameliorer la solubilite du citrate ferrique - Google Patents

Procede d'affinage pouvant ameliorer la solubilite du citrate ferrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007062561A1
WO2007062561A1 PCT/CN2006/002333 CN2006002333W WO2007062561A1 WO 2007062561 A1 WO2007062561 A1 WO 2007062561A1 CN 2006002333 W CN2006002333 W CN 2006002333W WO 2007062561 A1 WO2007062561 A1 WO 2007062561A1
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Prior art keywords
water
iron citrate
solvent
purification method
iron
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PCT/CN2006/002333
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Jung-Ren Su
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Jung-Ren Su
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Publication of WO2007062561A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007062561A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/42Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07C51/43Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for preparing (refining) iron citrate, in particular to a method for improving the solubility of iron citrate.
  • the iron citrate produced by the method is loose and porous, and is easily dissolved. And the number of crystal water contained is clear, and accurate quantitative effects can be achieved in actual use.
  • Iron citrate also known as ferric citrate
  • ferric citrate is a chemical product that has been used for many years. It is a structurally uncertain complex. According to the literature, the method of synthesizing iron citrate is based on citric acid and ferric hydroxide. The citric acid is added to the iron hydroxide, heated at a temperature lower than 60 ° C, evaporated to a slurry, coated on a glass plate, dried at a low temperature to form a small sheet, and peeled off.
  • This conventional iron citrate product can only be called crude iron citrate, which is purple-brown and thin scaly.
  • the method of preparing iron citrate used for many years should be said to be very random.
  • the final product is mainly composed of iron citrate.
  • the invention is based on the needs of the pharmaceutical industry of iron citrate, and proposes an effective improvement of ⁇
  • the method for refining the solubility of acid iron satisfies the medicinal requirements of the product, and can be directly prepared into an iron citrate preparation, which greatly facilitates the use of iron citrate.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a refining method for improving the solubility of iron citrate, by which the density of a solid finished product can be adjusted to produce solid iron citrate of different densities because of the extremely fine voids inside the product. , and has a large surface area, so it is easily dissolved by water, solving the problem of low solubility of iron citrate.
  • the present invention provides a refining method for improving the solubility of iron citrate, comprising: dissolving iron citrate in water to form an aqueous solution of iron citrate; adding a solvent to an aqueous solution of iron citrate until precipitation occurs;
  • the solvent is selected from any one or combination of an alcohol, a ketone, a nitrile, an alkane, an ether, a petroleum ether, an ester, which is miscible or partially soluble with water, but insoluble with iron citrate; and then the resulting precipitate is dried.
  • the above water is used in an amount of at least 10% by weight of the iron citrate, preferably water (g): iron citrate (g) is 1:3 to 1:10; the amount (volume) of the solvent is at least water (volume) 0.1 times, preferably water (ml): solvent (ml) is 1: 0.1 ⁇ 2; the solvent concentration used is preferably 10% ⁇ 100%, more preferably 50% ⁇ 75 %; iron citrate (g), The ratio of water (ml) to solvent (ml) is most preferably 1.5 to 2:1:1.
  • the alcohol is an alcohol of six carbons or less or any combination thereof, such as decyl alcohol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol or isobutanol; the ketone is acetone, butanone or a combination thereof; the nitrile is acetonitrile; the alkane is selected from the group consisting of eight or less carbon atoms or any combination thereof, such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, n-pentane; the ether is diethyl ether, isopropyl ether, petroleum ether or any combination thereof; Ethyl citrate, ethyl acetate or a combination thereof.
  • the alcohol is an alcohol of six carbons or less or any combination thereof, such as decyl alcohol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol or isobutanol; the ketone is acetone, butanone or a combination thereof; the n
  • the water is dissolved at a temperature of 10 ° C to 120 ° C, preferably dissolved by heating, more preferably 40 ° C to 120 ° C; drying is a well-known drying method, generally 0 - 150 Baking or spray drying or vacuum drying at °C.
  • Iron citrate is generally reddish brown transparent flakes and brown powder.
  • the aqueous solution is acidic and is not soluble in cold water (it can be gradually dissolved after stirring for a long time), but when the water temperature rises, it will dissolve slowly, stirring will increase dissolution;
  • iron citrate is insoluble in some short carbon chain polar organic solvents such as ethanol.
  • the treatment process includes the mixing and heating of iron citrate with water, and the aqueous solution of iron citrate.
  • iron citrate such as an alcohol or a ketone
  • the present invention also provides an iron citrate obtained by refining by the above method, which contains 0-6 crystal water, preferably 2-5 crystal water.
  • the iron citrate obtained by the invention is a brownish yellow or light brownish purple loose porous solid particle or irregular microsphere (commercially available iron citrate is a brown flaky crystal or powder), and the number of crystallization water and the preparation process thereof
  • the process of selecting the process parameters for example, in a process of dissolving in water and adding alcohol or ketone (preferably ethanol), if dried at 20-40 ° C, the obtained product contains about 5 crystal water, 40-70 °. C drying, the obtained product contains about 4 ⁇ 5 crystal water, dried at 70-90 ° C, the product obtained contains about 3-4 crystal water (for example, it can be 3.5), dried at 90-110 ° C, the product obtained It contains about 2 to 3 crystal waters and is dried at 110-150 ° C.
  • the product contains about 1 to 3 crystal water.
  • the drying used in the present invention may be any drying method such as evaporation, spraying or freeze drying.
  • the present invention seeks to control the amount of water of crystallization by the process in order to be accurately quantified at the time of formulation and medicinal use, thereby overcoming the problem of dose blurring existing in the prior art.
  • One of the characteristics of the iron citrate product obtained by the refining method of the present invention is the improvement of solubility.
  • the solubility is tested at room temperature.
  • the experimental condition is that lOOmg of iron citrate is placed in 2 ml of pure water.
  • Acid iron particle size «1000 ⁇ ⁇ , completely dissolved in 10 minutes; iron citrate obtained by the method of the invention, particle size ⁇ 100 ⁇ ⁇ , completely dissolved in 1 minute.
  • the solubility test data of the sample is shown in Table 1, and the data of the bulk density test is shown in Table 2.
  • Samples 1 and 2 are iron citrates of different solubility prepared as needed.
  • the water for dissolving used in the refining method of the present invention is determined according to the different viscosity of the formed fluid, and generally can be flowable; since iron citrate is not easily precipitated once dissolved in water to form a complex salt, and is not specific Solubility must be dissolved in water during refining, so the amount of water is determined by fluidity, as long as a viscous flowing liquid (including a solution or a thick paste-like viscous liquid) is formed, preferably just liquid solidification. Thick, creamy liquid at the edges, for example at 50% (g/ml), can be adapted to most operations, but the concentration is adjusted appropriately during drum and spray granulation;
  • the amount of the solvent which is insoluble in iron citrate used in the present invention is determined according to the bulk density and solubility of the desired product particles, and at least the amount which can cause the solution to precipitate is a basic amount, generally 0.1 of the volume of water. ⁇ 2 times, can also be 0.1 - 2 times the volume of the thick paste, preferably 0.7 - 1.2 times, with ethanol as For example, when the amount is 1.2 times or more, the effect of crystallization does not increase linearly. When the amount is 2 times or more, the thick paste becomes thin, and the cost of evaporation is increased, so 0.8 times is most preferable.
  • an acid-insoluble solvent such as an alcohol (ethanol) or a ketone or ester, etc., functions in the present invention to infiltrate an insoluble solvent from water into a viscous liquid in the iron silicate microstructure, when the solvent is together with water. After the steaming is dispersed, the microscopic pores can be left. That is to say, the insoluble solvent is carried by the water into the solid structure, occupying a certain space, and there is no obvious phase boundary from the fluid to the solid, so it will not solidify. The solid is instantaneously precipitated.
  • the insoluble solvent volatilizes leaving a gap between the molecules and the molecules, paving numerous capillary channels for the future water molecules, and adding an insoluble solvent produces a puffing effect.
  • the feature increases the solubility of water in the finished product of iron citrate.
  • the viscous liquid When the viscous liquid is dehydrated, it is generally slurried, and further dehydrated and dried into purple-black scales.
  • the crystal water When the crystal water is 5, the solid color is dark purple. When the crystal water is reduced, the color is gradually pale and brown.
  • the invention seeks to refine the method for preparing high-solubility iron citrate, and tries to refine the iron citrate in a simpler and more effective way, so that the whole preparation process is more simplified, but it is possible to increase the time, and is also suitable for Industrial production.
  • the applicant has conducted extensive experiments and analysis and found that iron citrate is dissolved in less than 15% alcohol or ketone or ester (preferably ethanol), stirred at a reaction temperature of 50-90 ° C until dissolved, placed in a cool, precipitated Crystallization, that is, high solubility iron citrate; or dry dissolved product (viscous solution), preferably dried at 40-70 ° C, can also obtain high solubility (completely soluble in 1 minute) tannic acid iron.
  • the product obtained by the above method of the present invention that is, the high solubility iron citrate, has the following characteristics as compared with the prior art iron citrate:
  • the existing iron citrate is a brown scaly crystal or powder.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 (left), it is a complex which can be dissolved in water but has a very slow dissolution rate, and the rate of dissolution thereof.
  • the existing crystallization water contained in iron citrate is an unknown and uncontrollable state of confusion, which leads to the need for accurate metering (such as medicinal or preparation of preparations), which cannot be accurately quantified.
  • the actual amount used is a fuzzy estimated dose.
  • the application in the field of medicine is limited; the product obtained by the refining method of the present invention can control the number of water of crystallization by adjusting the process parameters, that is, the number of water of crystallization contained in the iron citrate obtained by the present invention. It is clear that it can be accurately quantified at the time of formulation and medicinal use, substantially overcoming the problem of inaccurate doses existing in the prior art.
  • the refined iron ruthenate of the present invention is applied in the field of preparation, such as plastic mash filling, and has the advantage that the formed loose granules of the present invention can be directly used, and the solid fluidity is good, the solubility is excellent, and the sieving is performed. It can be used directly after the whole granules, and there is no inconvenience caused by the necessity of the micro pulverization of the existing iron silicate (such as increased cost, poor dissolution, large amount of dust, etc.).
  • the raw material suitable for use in the present invention may be iron citrate of any origin, such as iron citrate synthesized by a known method, or a commercially available iron citrate product, which will not be described again.
  • the iron citrate obtained by the invention can be directly used in the pharmaceutical field, for example, it can be directly prepared into a capsule, and no re-processing (such as pulverization) before preparation is required, and the dosage is accurate, and the solubility is obviously superior to that of the similar product.
  • Figure 1 The shape of a prior art iron silicate solid
  • Figure 2 The shape of the iron citrate solid obtained by the present invention
  • 3L of purified water is placed in a container (such as a steam sandwich stainless steel pot), heated to 90 ° C; 5.5 kg of iron citrate is slowly added to the water, gradually dissolved to avoid excessive formation of local mass; heated to solid ⁇ The iron citrate is completely dissolved, and for about 30 minutes, the liquid becomes a paste-like viscous liquid ready for transfer.
  • Add ethanol Transfer the dissolved iron citrate to the mixer, slowly inject ethanol when stirring the gradually cooled viscous liquid; after adding 3L of ethanol, continue stirring for 15 minutes, then pour out to the stainless steel shallow Plate, thickness 1 - 2 cm.
  • Drying Place the pan in an oven at a baking temperature of 65 ° C and a baking time of 24 hours.
  • Add acetone Transfer the dissolved iron citrate solution to the mixer, cool, and inject 1 L of acetone into the viscous liquid, then continue stirring, then pour it into a shallow pan, thickness 1 - 2 cm.
  • Adding ethyl acetate and ethanol Transfer the dissolved iron citrate viscous solution to a blender, cool, and inject 2 L of a mixed solution of ethyl acetate and ethanol (1:1) into the viscous liquid, and then continue stirring. Concentrate; spray dry, remove the iron citrate product, weigh 5.38Kg.
  • Cyclohexane has a boiling point of 81 ° C and a specific gravity of 0.78. It is a solvent similar to ethanol, insoluble in water, and miscible with ethanol and ether.
  • the boiling point of ether is 34.5 °C, the specific gravity is 0.71. When it is alone, the ether can be dissolved by 7 %. When other solvents such as ethanol are involved, it can be better compatible.
  • Acetonitrile has a boiling point of 80 ° C and a specific gravity of 0.79. It can be mixed with water, ethanol or ether. Therefore, acetonitrile can be used alone or in the form of a mixed solvent.
  • This example was taken out after 36 hours for sample testing, and the texture was crisp.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Iron (AREA)

Description

一种可提高枸橼酸铁溶解度的精制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种枸橼酸铁的制备(精制)方法, 具体地说, 是一种可提高枸 橼酸铁溶解度的精制方法, 该方法生产的枸橼酸铁呈疏松多孔状, 极易溶解, 且含有的结晶水数目明确, 在实际使用中可达到准确定量的效果。 技术背景
枸橼酸铁又称柠檬酸铁, 是一种已应用多年的化工产品,其为结构不确定的 络合物,据文献记载合成枸橼酸铁的方法是以柠檬酸和氢氧化铁为原料,将柠檬 酸加入氢氧化铁中, 以低于 60 °C的温度加热, 蒸发至浆状, 涂布于玻璃板上, 低温干燥至形成小薄片, 剥离即得。 这种常规的枸橼酸铁产品只能称为是粗制 枸橼酸铁, 呈紫褐色薄鱗片状, 多年沿用下来的这种制备枸橼酸铁方法应该说 有很大的随意性, 只要求最终产品中以枸橼酸铁为主, 对于制备过程的各条件 参数和最终产品的性能没有非常明确的要求, 导致产品可以溶解于水但不易快 速溶解, 即溶解速度很慢, 粒径小于 ΙΟΟ μ πι的, 1小时以内溶解量极少, 而基 于枸橼酸铁具有很好的药用价值及制药行业对原料的特殊要求, 目前市售的即 使是药用级的枸橼酸铁原料也无法满足现有需求, 致使现有的枸橼酸铁在使用 时势必会影响到药剂质量和作用功效, 又, 因为枸橼酸铁溶出的速率与粉碎的 粒径大小有关, 因此制剂时为了得到合适的溶出, 目前的做法是使用 5 μ或更小 粒径的微粉, 这样带来生产和使用时极大的不便和浪费。
总之, 由于缺少一种有效的制备、精制枸橼酸铁的方法, 制约了枸櫞酸铁制 剂的工业化生产, 也影响了枸橼酸铁在医药领域中的应用。 发明内容
本发明正是基于枸橼酸铁的医药产业的需要, 提出了一种可有效提高枸橼 酸铁溶解度的精制方法, 满足了产品的药用需求, 并使之可以直接制成枸橼酸 铁制剂, 极大地方便了枸橼酸铁的使用。
本发明的目的在于提供一种可提高枸橼酸铁溶解度的精制方法, 借助该方 法可以调节固体成品的密度, 以制成不同密度的固体枸橼酸铁, 因为该产品内 部有极为微细的空隙, 并具有很大的表面积, 因此极易被水溶解, 解决了枸橼 酸铁药用溶解度小的难题。
本发明提供了一种可提高枸橼酸铁溶解度的精制方法, 包括: 将枸橼酸铁 用水溶解使成枸橼酸铁水溶液; 在枸橼酸铁水溶液中加入溶剂直至有沉淀产生, 所述溶剂选自醇、 酮、 腈、 烷烃、 醚、 石油醚、 酯中任一或其组合, 该溶剂可 与水互溶或者部分溶解, 但与枸橼酸铁不溶; 然后将生成的沉淀干燥。
本发明的方法所精制得到的枸橼酸铁呈疏松多孔状, 极易溶解, 且含有的 结晶水数目明确, 使其在实际使用中可达到准确定量的效果。
其中上述水的用量至少为枸橼酸铁重量的 10 % , 优选水(g ): 枸橼酸铁(g ) 为 1 : 3 ~ 1: 10; 溶剂的量(体积)至少为水(体积) 的 0.1倍, 优选水(ml ): 溶剂( ml )为 1: 0.1 ~ 2; 所采用的溶剂浓度优选为 10 % ~ 100 % , 更优选 50 % ~ 75 % ; 枸橼酸铁(g )、 水(ml )和溶剂 (ml ) 的比例最优选为 1.5 ~ 2: 1 : 1。
本发明所述的精制方法, 其中醇为六个碳以下的醇类或其任意组合, 例如曱 醇、 乙醇、 丙醇、 异丙醇、 丁醇或异丁醇; 酮为丙酮、 丁酮或其组合; 腈为乙 腈; 烷烃选自八个碳以下的烷烃或其任意组合, 如正己烷、 环己烷、 正戊烷; 醚为乙醚、 异丙醚、 石油醚或其任意组合; 酯为曱酸乙酯、 乙酸乙酯或其组合。
在本发明的方法中, 所述的用水溶解的温度为 10°C - 120°C , 优选为加热溶 解, 更优选 40°C - 120°C ; 干燥为公知的干燥方式, 一般为 0 - 150°C的烘烤或 喷雾干燥或真空干燥。
枸橼酸铁一般成红褐色透明薄片和棕色粉末, 其水溶液成酸性, 不易溶于 冷水(长时间搅拌也可渐渐溶解),但当水温升高则会緩慢溶解,搅拌增加溶解; 另一方面, 枸橼酸铁不溶于乙醇等一些短碳链的极性有机溶剂。 本发明的申请 人基于枸橼酸铁的上述性质 , 提出了一种不同于常规过程的精制方法 , 该精制 方法的处理过程包括了使用水对枸橼酸铁进行混合加热溶解, 再在枸橼酸铁的 水溶液中加入可与水互溶、 但与枸橼酸铁不溶的溶剂, 例如醇或酮, 使溶液成 为混悬液, 并且瞬间结晶, 然后在一定的条件下干燥, 利用醇或酮溶剂的蒸发 挥散带走水份, 使干燥后的固体枸橼酸铁结构疏松, 形成网状结构的混合物, 达到产品速溶的效果。
大量的实验结果证明, 用水先溶解再用醇或酮溶剂处理枸橼酸铁水溶液使 之混悬, 是一种有效的提高固体枸橼酸铁溶解度的精制方法, 可使固体产物在 1 分钟内完全溶解。
本发明还提供一种枸橼酸铁,采用上述方法精制制得,其含有 0-6个结晶水, 优选含有 2 - 5个结晶水。
本发明得到的枸橼酸铁为棕黄色或浅棕紫色疏松多孔固体颗粒或不规则微 球(市售枸橼酸铁为棕褐色鱗片状结晶或粉末), 其含有的结晶水数目与制备过 程中工艺参数的选择有关, 例如, 在以水溶解再加醇或酮 (优选乙醇) 混悬的 工艺中, 若 20-40°C干燥, 得到的产品含有约 5个结晶水, 40-70°C干燥, 得到的 产品约含有 4 ~ 5个结晶水, 70-90 °C干燥,得到的产品约含有 3 ~ 4个结晶水(例 如可以是 3.5 ), 90-110°C干燥, 得到的产品大约含有 2 ~ 3个结晶水, 110-150°C 干燥,产品大约含有 1 ~ 3个结晶水,本发明中采用的干燥可以是任何干燥方式, 例如蒸干、 喷雾或冷冻干燥等。 本发明试图通过工艺控制结晶水数目, 是为了 可以在制剂和药用的时候准确定量, 以此克服现有技术存在的剂量模糊的问题。
本发明所述精制方法得到的枸橼酸铁产品 , 显箸的特点之一是溶解度的改 善, 例如, 室温测试其溶解度, 实验条件为 lOOmg枸橼酸铁置于 2ml纯水中, 结果: 市售枸橼酸铁, 粒径 < 100 μ πι, 1 小时内极少溶解; 市售超微粉枸橼酸 铁, 粒径 5 μ πι, 1 小时内大部分溶解; 本发明的方法得到的枸橼酸铁, 粒径 « 1000 μ πι, 10分钟内完全溶解; 本发明方法得到的枸橼酸铁, 粒径 < 100 μ ιη, 1分钟内完全溶解。样品的溶解度测试数据见表 1 , 堆密度的测试的数据见表 2。 其中, 样品 1和 2 为依据需要而制备的不同溶解度的枸橼酸铁。
表 1 溶解速率实验:
Figure imgf000005_0001
表 2 堆密度的测试数据:
Figure imgf000005_0002
在本发明优选实施方式的示例是: 将 3L水(优选纯水)加热到 90°C , 再将 枸橼酸铁 5.5kg緩緩加入, 陆续溶解避免过速形成局部块状物, 直至固体枸橼酸 铁完全溶解, 将溶解后的枸橼酸铁(粘稠液体, 优选搅拌至冷)緩慢注入大约 3L醇溶液(例如 95%乙醇), 继续搅拌, 移入至容器中 (例如不锈钢浅盘), 厚 度优选 1 - 2厘米, 置于烘箱, 温度 40 - 70°C (优选约 65°C )烘干即可。 经过 测定, 干燥后的枸橼酸铁称量得 5.35Kg, 收率 97 %。
本发明的精制方法中用到的溶解用水是依据形成流体的不同粘稠度来决定 的, 一般达到可以流动即可; 因为枸橼酸铁一旦溶于水中形成络盐就不易析出, 且无特定的溶解度, 在精制时须以水溶解, 所以水的用量以流动性来决定, 只 要形成粘稠的流动状态的液体(包括溶液或者稠膏状粘稠液体) 即可, 优选为 恰好是液体凝固边缘的稠膏状液体, 例如在 50 % ( g/ml ) 浓度时可以适应大部 分的操作, 但是在滚筒式制片和喷雾制粒时浓度还要适当调节;
本发明采用的与枸橼酸铁不溶的溶剂的使用量, 则依所需要产品颗粒的堆 密度和溶解度来决定, 至少是可以使溶液产生沉淀的量为基本量, 一般为水的 体积的 0.1 ~ 2倍, 也可以是稠膏体积的 0.1 - 2倍, 优选 0.7 - 1.2倍, 以乙醇为 例, 当用量为 1.2倍以上, 结晶的效果没有成线性增长, 当用量为 2倍以上, 稠 膏变稀, 增加蒸发的成本, 因此最优选 0.8倍。 同样以乙醇为例, 在水 (ml)-枸橼 酸铁 (g)为 1 : 1的溶液中, 加入与水等量(1 : 1 )的乙醇, 即有沉淀产生; 所述 与枸橼酸铁不溶的溶剂例如醇(乙醇)或酮或酯等, 在本发明中所起的作用是, 由水将不溶溶剂渗透到粘稠液体的枸橼酸铁微观构架中, 当溶剂和水一起蒸发 挥散后即可留下微观孔隙, 也就是说, 不溶溶剂被水带到固体结构中, 占有了 一定的空间, 从流体到固体之间因为没有明显的相界, 因此不会在凝固成固体 的瞬间被析出, 等到固体形成后再加热时, 不溶溶剂挥发留下分子与分子之间 的空隙, 给未来的水分子铺好无数的毛细管孔道, 加入不溶溶剂产生了膨化的 效果, 这一特征增加了枸橼酸铁成品的水中易溶的特性。 粘稠液体脱水时一般 成浆状, 进一步脱水干燥成紫黑的鱗片, 在 5 个结晶水时, 其固体的色泽呈深 黑紫色, 随着结晶水减少时, 色泽渐变浅呈棕色。
本发明在摸索制备高溶解度的枸橼酸铁的精制方法的同时, 还尝试了以更 简单有效的方法精制枸橼酸铁, 使整个制备过程更加简化, 但有可能 应时间 增加, 同样适于工业化生产。 例如, 申请人经过了大量的实验和分析发现, 将 枸橼酸铁溶解于 15 %以下的醇或酮或酯(优选乙醇)中, 反应温度 50-90°C搅拌 直至溶解, 放置冷却, 析出结晶, 即为高溶解度的枸橼酸铁; 或者干燥溶解后 的产物 (粘稠溶液), 优选 40 - 70°C烘干, 也可得到高溶解度(1分钟内可完全 溶解) 的枸橼酸铁。
本发明的上述方法精制得到的产品, 即高溶解度的枸橼酸铁, 与现有技术 中的枸橼酸铁相比较, 具有以下特点:
1、 目前已有的枸橼酸铁为棕褐色鳞片状结晶或粉末, 例如图 1和图 3 (左) 中显示, 是可以溶解于水但溶解速度极慢的络合物, 其溶出的速率与粉碎的粒 径大小有关, 所以为了得到合适的溶出速率, 使用时必须微粉化使成 5 μ或更小 粒径的微粉才能一定程度上緩解溶出度的问题; 本发明的精制方法得到的枸橼 酸铁呈浅棕紫色疏松多孔状固体, 或者是不规则微球, 参见图 2和图 3 (右), 极易溶解于水, 即使粒径很大(约为 1000 μ πι )仍能在 10分钟内完全溶解, 解 决了业界因其溶解度而困扰的难题。
2、 目前已有的枸橼酸铁所含有的结晶水为未知和不可控制的混乱状态, 导 致需要精确计量(例如药用或者制备制剂) 时无法准确定量, 真正的使用量是 模糊的估算剂量, 使之在医药领域的施用受到限制; 本发明的精制方法得到的 产品可以通过调整工艺参数来控制结晶水的数目, 也就是说, 本发明得到的枸 橼酸铁所含有的结晶水的数目是明确的, 这样可以在制剂和药用的时候准确定 量, 基本上克服了现有技术存在的剂量不准确的问题。
3、 本发明的精制后的枸橼酸铁应用在制剂领域, 例如胶嚢填充, 其优势在 于可直接使用成型的本发明得到的疏松颗粒, 其固体流动性佳, 溶解性优良, 在过筛整粒后就可以直接使用, 工序操作时不会有像现有的枸橼酸铁必须微粉 所带来的不便(例如增加成本、 溶解效果不好、 产生大量粉尘等)。
适用于本发明的原料可以是任何来源的枸橼酸铁, 例如公知方法合成得到 的枸橼酸铁, 或者市售的枸橼酸铁产品, 在此不再——赘述。
本发明得到的枸橼酸铁可以直接用于制药领域, 例如可以直接制备成胶嚢, 无需进行制剂前的再加工 (如粉碎), 剂量准确, 溶解度明显优于同类产品。 附图说明
图 1 : 现有技术的枸橼酸铁固体的形状;
图 2: 本发明得到的枸橼酸铁固体的形状;
图 3: 本发明的枸橼酸铁固体(右)与现有技术的枸橼酸铁 (左)的对照图。 具体实施方案 实施例 1 :
将 3L的纯化水放入容器中 (例如蒸汽夹层不锈钢锅), 加热到 90°C ; 将枸 橼酸铁 5.5kg緩緩加入水中, 陆续溶解避免过速形成局部块状物; 加热至固体枸 橼酸铁完全溶解, 约 30分钟, 液体成膏状粘稠液体准备转移。 加乙醇: 将溶解后的枸橼酸铁粘稠液转到搅拌机中,在搅动逐渐冷却的粘稠 液时, 緩慢注入乙醇; 加完 3L乙醇后, 继续搅拌 15分钟, 随后倒出到不锈钢 浅盘, 厚度 1 - 2厘米。
烘干: 将盘置于烘箱, 烘烤温度 65°C, 烘烤时间 24小时。
取出烘干的枸橼酸铁, 收集置于大容器中,其外观(微观)形状如图 2所示, 称量得 5.35Kg, 收率 97 %; 样品溶解度测试证明该产品在 10分钟内完全溶解。 实施例 2:
将 1L的水放入容器中, 将枸橼酸铁 5.5kg緩緩加入水中, 加热至固体枸橼 酸铁完全溶解, 液体成膏状粘稠液体。
加丙酮: 将溶解后的枸橼酸铁粘稠液转到搅拌机中, 冷却, 在粘稠液中注入 丙酮 1L, 之后继续搅拌, 随后倒出到浅盘, 厚度 1 - 2厘米。
烘干: 将盘置于烘箱, 烘烤温度 75°C , 烘烤时间 24小时; 取出烘干的枸橼 酸铁, 收集置于大容器中, 称量得 5.25Kg; 该产品在 10分钟内完全溶解。 实施例 3:
将 2.5L的水放入容器中, 将枸橼酸铁 5.5kg緩緩加入水中, 加热至固体枸 橼酸铁完全溶解, 液体成膏状粘稠液体。
加入乙酸乙酯和乙醇: 将溶解后的枸橼酸铁粘稠液转到搅拌机中, 冷却, 在 粘稠液中注入乙酸乙酯和乙醇( 1: 1 ) 的混合溶液 2L, 之后继续搅拌, 浓缩; 喷雾干燥, 取出枸橼酸铁产品, 称量得 5.38Kg。
实施例 4
取 200g枸橼酸铁, 于 80°C条件溶于 100ml的纯化水, 溶解后不再加温, 此 时粘稠膏状流体的比重约为 1.5;注入 60ml的乙醇搅拌 10分钟,再緩緩加入 40 ml 的环己烷和乙醇(1 : 3 ) 的混合溶液, 持续搅拌 20分钟, 粘稠膏状的流体颜色 变细膩的棕色; 将膏液平铺搪瓷烤盘成为薄层, 置真空干燥箱 120°C烘烤; 真 空烘烤要注意热量能确实传递并维持断续的抽气维持真空度; 3 小时后停止加 热, 在维持真空的状态下冷却, 降温到 40 C后再取出, 称量得 195g。
说明: 环己烷沸点 81 °C , 比重 0.78, 是一个类似乙醇很好的溶剂, 不溶于 水, 和乙醇、 醚类可互溶。
样品测试, 颗粒质地松脆, 极易溶解。
实施例 5
取 50g枸橼酸铁, 于 80°C条件下溶于 75 ml的纯化水, 溶解后不再加温, 同 时让其自然冷却降低温度到 60°C以下备用, 此时形成的粘稠膏状流体的比重为 1.27;
配制溶剂: 取 40ml 乙醚加 40ml 乙醇, 将配好的溶剂緩緩注入搅拌中的枸 櫞酸铁膏状流体, 流体色变浅, 持续搅拌 20分钟, 将膏状流体倒到不锈钢平盘 摊开; 于 40°C烘箱干燥不低于 24小时; 称量得 49g。
说明: 乙醚沸点 34.5 °C , 比重 0.71 , 单独对水时乙醚可以溶解 7 % , 有其他 溶剂如乙醇介入时, 可以更好的相溶。
样品测试, 颗粒质地松脆有光泽。
实施例 6
取 50g枸橼酸铁, 于 80°C条件下溶于 75ml的純化水; 枸橼酸铁溶解后不再 加温, 令其自然冷却时, 緩緩加入 50ml 乙腈, 持续搅拌 30分钟; 将调制好的 稀膏状流体转到搪瓷平盘上摊开, 至于 1C TC真空干燥箱, 抽真空和加热, 真空 加热时注意传热效果和维持真空度, 干燥时间不低于 24小时, 称量得 48.5g。
说明: 乙腈沸点 80°C , 比重 0.79, 对水、 乙醇、 醚类都可以任意混合, 因 此乙腈可以单独使用, 也可以用混合溶剂的形态使用。
本实施例为 36小时后取出做样品测试, 质地松脆。
以上描述了本发明优选实施方式, 然其并非用以限定本发明。本领域技术人 员对在此公开的实施方案可进行并不偏离本发明范畴和精神的改进和变化。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种可提高枸橼酸铁溶解度的精制方法, 包括:
( 1 ) 将枸橼酸铁用水溶解使成枸橼酸铁水溶液;
( 2 )在枸橼酸铁水溶液中加入溶剂直至有沉淀产生,所述溶剂选自醇、 酮、 腈、 烷烃、 醚、 石油醚、 酯中任一或其组合;
( 3 ) 干燥。
2、权利要求 1所述的精制方法,其中所采用的溶剂的浓度至少为 10%。
3、权利要求 2所述的精制方法,其中所采用的溶剂的浓度为 50 ~ 75%。
4、 权利要求 1所述的精制方法, 其中所采用的水的重量至少为枸橼酸 铁重量的 10%。
5、 权利要求 4所述的精制方法, 其中水和枸橼酸铁的重量比为 1 : 3 ~
10。
6、 权利要求 1或 4所述的精制方法, 其中所釆用的溶剂的容积至少为 水的容积的 0.1倍。
7、 权利要求 6所述的精制方法, 其中水和溶剂的容积比为 1 : 0.1 ~ 2。
8、 权利要求 1所述的精制方法, 其中枸橼酸铁(g )、 水(ml )和溶剂 ( ml ) 的比例为 1.5 ~ 2: 1 : 1。
9、权利要求 1所述的精制方法,其中醇为六个碳以下的醇类或其组合。
10、 权利要求 1所述的精制方法, 其中醇为乙醇。
11、 权利要求 1所述的精制方法, 其中酮为丙酮、 丁酮或其组合。
12、 权利要求 1所述的精制方法, 其中腈为乙腈。
13、权利要求 1所述的精制方法, 其中烷烃选自八个碳以下的烷烃或其 组合。
14、 权利要求 1所述的精制方法, 其中醚为乙醚、 异丙醚或其组合。
15、权利要求 1所述的精制方法,其中酯为曱酸乙酯、 乙酸乙酯或其组合。
16、权利要求 1所述的精制方法,其中所述的用水溶解为用水加热溶解, 温度为 10°C - 120 °C。
17、 一种枸橼酸铁, 可用权利要求 1的精制方法得到, 其中, 该枸橼酸 铁含有 0 ~ 6个结晶水。
18、权利要求 17所述的枸橼酸铁, 其中, 该枸橼酸铁含有 2 ~ 5个结晶 水。
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CN1600302A (zh) * 2003-09-22 2005-03-30 宝龄富锦生技股份有限公司 含有柠檬酸铁的医药组合物以及药用级柠檬酸铁及其制法和含有药用级柠檬酸铁的膳食营养品
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