Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
  • H02M7/538—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
  • H02M7/53803—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
  • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
  • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
  • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

• Inductive powering of an intermittently energized device would be extremely convenient.
• a primary is provided at some convenient location. When placed in proximity to the primary, a device with a suitable secondary is energized without the need to connect a cord or cable to the device.
• an inductive power supply such rapid changing of power consumption is problematic.
• Certain devices such as thovse used forcooking, are designed to intermittently derive power from a power source.
• a power source For example, an electric skillet uses significant power to heat its cooking surface to a desired temperature. When it reaches that temperature, the skillet censes using power. If the cooking surface cools, it again uses significant power to heat the cooking surface.
• An inductive power supply establishes a magnetic field from which the remote device draws power.
• the instantaneous cessation of power consumption " by the remote device does not automatically end the magnetic field. Rather, the magnetic field previously established may continue to exist after the remote device is no longer drawing power.
• the inductive power supply c ⁇ uld continue to supply power to the magnetic field, resulting in excessive currents within the power supply. Ff left unchecked, these large currents in the power supply can ultimately result in the destruction of the electronic components of the power supply, such as transistors and other semiconductor devices, rendering the power supply unusable.
• An improved inductive circuit for powering a load is thus highly desirable.
• FIG. 1 shows an inductive power supply for powering an intermittent load.
• FIG. 2 shows the method of operation for a circuit supplying inductive power to an intermittent load.
• FIG. I shows an inductive power supply 6 for powering remote device 8.
• Inverter 10 is conventionally comprised of oscillator 12, driver 14, and transistors 16, 18 to provide an alternating current to tank circuit 20.
• Tank circuit 20 is a series resonant circuit comprised of primary capacitor 22 and primary inductor 24.
• the power supply for the circuit could be any source of DC power such as an AC-DC converter or a battery.
• Oscillator 12, driver 14 and tank circuit 20 can be conventional devices.
• a further description of suitable devices and circuits may be found in U.S. Patent 6 ⁇ 25 t 62Q entitled, "Inductively Coupled Ballast Circuit" U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 1 0/689.499 entitled ''Adaptive Inductive Power Supply", and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 10/689,148 entitled “Adaptive Inductive Power Supply with Communication.” These patents and applications are hereby incorporated by reference.
• Remote device S is comprised of secondary inductor 28.
• secondary inductor 28 and secondary capacitor 30 provide power to remote device 32.
• Air gap 34 separates primary inductor 24 and secondary inductor 28.
• primary inductor 24 and secondary inductor 28 are coreless.
• phase comparator 36 One input to phase comparator 36 is the voltage provided to tank circuit 20.
• the second input to phase comparator 36 is the voltage provided to primary inductor 24.
• Phase comparator 36 provides a logical "0" to microprocessor 38 if the of voltage provided to tank circuit 20 and that provided to primary inductor 24 arc in phase. If the two voltages are not in phase, then phase comparator 36 provides a logical "1 " output to microprocessor 38.
• Phase comparator 36 provides a logical "1" output when the voltages arc out of phase.
• phase comparator 36 provides a logical "1 " output only when the voltages are out of phase by about 90 degrees. As is well known, phase comparator 36 could be adjusted to provide a logical " 1 " output for different out of phase conditions. For example, phase comparator 36 could provide a logical "1 " output when Lhe voltages are out of phase by 45 degrees.
• Microprocessor 38 controls the operation of oscillator 12. When the output of the phase comparator is "0", then microprocessor 38 enables the operation of inverter 10.
• microprocessor 38 could be replaced by suitable analog or digital circuitiy which could disable oscillator 12 based upon the output of phase comparator 36.
• Phase comparator 36 is a simple go/no-go phase comparator.
• the phase detector is comprised an exdusive-OR gate, a low pass filter, and a voltage comparator.
• the low pass filter provides linear phase information between 0° and 90°.
• phase comparator 36 could be digitized so as to provide a scalar quantity indicative of the phase difference between the two voltages. If so, then memory 40 would contain values indicative of an acceptable phase relationship and values indicative of an unacceptable phase relationship. Microprocessor 38 would read the output of phase comparator 36 and then compare the read value with the values within memory 40 and then disable the operation of oscillator 12 as needed.
• microprocessor 38 for phase detection could be detrimental in some applications. If the Q of tank circuit 20 is high, the delay could result in damage to transistors 16, 18. However, if the Q of tank circuit 20 was sufficiently low, microprocessor 38 could be used in some applications.
• Power supply 6 could also be provided with power supply transceiver 42 for receiving information from optional remote device transceiver 44.
• Remote device transceiver 44 would provide information to microprocessor 38 regarding the expected or acceptable phase relationship detected by phase comparator 36 during power transfer to remote device 8.
• Microprocessor 38 could then store this information within memory 40 for use in determining whether remote device 8 was receiving power.
• Microprocessor 38 compares the output of phase comparator 36 with information from memory 8.
• Microprocessor 38 could then disable the operation of oscillator 12 if needed. For example, if remote device 8 requires that the phase relationship measured by phase detector 36 is no more than 45 degrees out of phase during normal operation, and voltages measured by phase detector 36 are 50 degrees out of phase, then microprocessor 38 could disable the operation of oscillator 12.
• Remote device transceiver 44 could employ any of a number of devices such as an RFID tag, a wireless LAN transmitter or a Bluetooth transmitter. Remote device could also be provided with remote device memory 46 which would contain the phase information. Alternatively, memory 40 could store the expected phase relationship for a plurality of devices. Remote device transceiver 44 could transmit an identifying code to remote device S 3 and then processor 38 would look up the corresponding phase information from memory 40. Microprocessor 38 could then compare the output of phase comparator 36 with the phase information retrieved from memory' 40, If the phase information retrieved from memory 40 does not correspond with the output of phase comparator 36, then microprocessor could disable the operation of oscillator 12.
• microprocessor 38 After microprocessor 38 has disabled oscillator 12 as described above, microprocessor 38 re-enables the operation of oscillator 12 after a predetermined period of time. If the output of phase comparator 36 indicates an acceptable phase relationship, thereby indicating that remote device 32 is again ready to receive power, then microprocessor 38 continues to enable the operation of oscillator 12. If, however, the output of phase comparator 36 indicates an unacceptable phase relationship as described above, the microprocessor again disables oscillator 12 and pauses for a second predetermined period of time before re-enabling oscillator 12.
• FIG. 2 shows a method for operating the circuit shown in FIG. 1.
• the oscillator 12 first operates at the predetermined frequency.
• Step 100 The phase detector is readi.
• Step 102 A reading every 5 ms has proven to be acceptable.
• Step 104 If the phase is not acceptable, the oscillator is turned off.
• Step 106 The oscillator remains turned off for a first predetermined period of time.
• Step 108 The length of lime the oscillator remains off is dependent upon the particular application. A period of one minute has been found to be acceptable if inductive power supply 6 is for used with cooking utensils such as frying pans.
• the oscillator is then energized. Step 1 10.
• the energization of oscillator 12 is to probe to determine whether remote device 8 was again drawing power.
• the oscillator could be operated at the initial frequency or at a different "probe" frequency.
• the "probe" frequency is a predetermined frequency which is outside the expected operating orresonant frequency for remote device 8. For example, if remote device 8 is expected to operate at a frequency, or a range of frequency's between 40 KHz a 50 Hz, then probe frequency could be set at range of 75 KHz to 80 KHz. In selecting a probe frequency, care must be taken to avoid both the resonant frequency of the circuit loaded and unloaded, but also any harmonic resonant frequencies.
• the phase is again read and evaluated. Steps 1 12, 1 14. If the phase is acceptable, the circuit operates as usual. Tf the phase is not acceptable, the oscillator is turned off Step 106. Monitoring then continues from that point.
• the above described inductive power supply is ideal for supplying power to a device intermittently using relatively large amounts of electrical energy.
• the power supply can rapidly detect changes in the load requirements and then automatically and temporarily shut down in order to avoid damage to the power supply.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Inverter Devices (AREA)
• Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
• General Induction Heating (AREA)
• Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Priority Applications (7)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=37943190

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (175)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2005
  • 2005-10-14 US US11/251,409 patent/US7382636B2/en active Active
• 2006
  • 2006-09-22 MY MYPI20080981A patent/MY140380A/en unknown
  • 2006-09-22 AU AU2006300830A patent/AU2006300830B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2006-09-22 NZ NZ565877A patent/NZ565877A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-09-22 EP EP11181813.4A patent/EP2413490A3/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-09-22 CN CN2006800374713A patent/CN101512888B/zh active Active
  • 2006-09-22 KR KR1020107000382A patent/KR20100018054A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-09-22 WO PCT/IB2006/053441 patent/WO2007042953A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2006-09-22 EP EP06821132.5A patent/EP1985005B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2006-09-22 KR KR1020087008743A patent/KR101035135B1/ko active Active
  • 2006-09-22 RU RU2008118473/07A patent/RU2407130C2/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-09-22 CA CA002618795A patent/CA2618795C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-09-22 JP JP2008535142A patent/JP4418010B2/ja active Active
  • 2006-09-29 TW TW095136226A patent/TWI325209B/zh active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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