WO2007017912A1 - Matériau structural en céramique microporeuse - Google Patents
Matériau structural en céramique microporeuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007017912A1 WO2007017912A1 PCT/IT2006/000567 IT2006000567W WO2007017912A1 WO 2007017912 A1 WO2007017912 A1 WO 2007017912A1 IT 2006000567 W IT2006000567 W IT 2006000567W WO 2007017912 A1 WO2007017912 A1 WO 2007017912A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- range
- comprised
- weight
- polyvinyl alcohol
- solid mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucasaeureamid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001202 beta-cyclodextrine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011175 beta-cyclodextrine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940070259 deflux Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOVJROOSBVOVCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,1,1,2,2-pentol Chemical compound OC(O)C(O)(O)O DOVJROOSBVOVCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940113165 trimethylolpropane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1305—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6269—Curing of mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63416—Polyvinylalcohols [PVA]; Polyvinylacetates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63488—Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether, polyethylene glycol [PEG], polyethylene oxide [PEO]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/638—Removal thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3409—Boron oxide, borates, boric acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. borax
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/449—Organic acids, e.g. EDTA, citrate, acetate, oxalate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/48—Organic compounds becoming part of a ceramic after heat treatment, e.g. carbonising phenol resins
- C04B2235/483—Si-containing organic compounds, e.g. silicone resins, (poly)silanes, (poly)siloxanes or (poly)silazanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5427—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5463—Particle size distributions
- C04B2235/5481—Monomodal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a method for the production of microporous ceramic structural material, the ceramic material obtainable by means of said method and uses thereof.
- the invention refers to the field of ceramic tiles, used to coat floors or walls.
- the term tiles is used to indicate plates cut according to different shapes and dimensions.
- ceramic is used, according to its common meaning, to indicate a product obtained, starting from a mixture of ceramic dusts, mainly based on clays and sand, by means of a production method comprising a formation step (through pressing or extruding) and a subsequent firing step.
- the formation step task is that of aggregating dusts, having a certaing degree of humidity.
- the firing step modifies the raw material structure, giving the final product the typical features of ceramic material regarding hardness, mechanical strength, chemical and phisical inertia.
- Ceramic tiles can be classified according to their capacity of absorbing water.
- Water absorbtion is a meter of the material porosity; high levels of water absorbtion indicate a porous structure, while low levels of water absorbtion indicate a compact structure.
- Such a classification allows to directly derive other features of the ceramic material, in particular mechanical strength and modulus of rupture in bending. In fact, generally, the higher the material compatness, the higher its mechanical strength. On the other side, a high porosity generally is to the detriment of the material mechanical strength.
- ceramic materials are more and more frequently used not only for domestic application, in which the aesthetic aspect is predominant, but also in public spaces, in which cases the ceramic tiles consitute the ideal solution that ⁇ an satisfy at the same time structural neeeds, such as breaking load, mechanical abrasion resistance and chemical resistance, but also aeshetic needs, since they can have different external appearance with regard to colour, luster, auditority or realising surfaces with particular outlinex.
- the slipping resistance of a material for making floors is improved by increasing its surface roughness, to give an example by realising surface reliefs, which permit the drainage of eventually present liquids.
- suitable slopes are realised, in order to make easier the deflux of water (due both to precipitations and washing).
- the surfaces' features that allow to obtain a good slipping resistance (such as high roughness and presence of reliefs) obstruct the possibility to clean them effectively, since they constitute areas that are able to host and retain the dirt.
- the surface's roughness and the presence of reliefs can be unsuitable for the aesthetic needs typical of the floor in a determined space.
- the solution according to the present invention is proposed, whose aim is to provide a microporous ceramic structural material having a high drainage capacity, able to prevent the formation of a film of water or of other liquids on its surface.
- a ceramic material that, notwithstanding its high porosity, at the same time presents high mechanical features and appreciable aesthetic featurex.
- the provided microporous ceramic material presents a low density opposite to high mechanical capacities and can be used for the construction of ventilated walls having a reduced specific weight.
- the mixture is allowed to settle for a period of time of about 24 hours.
- the dimensions of the ceramic dusts used in said mixing step varies and can reach maximum values below 1 mm, and said grains of formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA) have dimensions preferably below 0,40 mm.
- FPVA polyvinyl alcohol
- grain size of said solid mixture is comprised in a range (defineded in millimetres) selected between 0-0,25; 0-0,30; 0,05-0,30.
- the grain size distribution and relative percentage of the ceramic dusts (PC) and grains of formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA) of said solid mixture have the trend summarised in Table 1 : Table 1 - Grain size distribution and relative ercenta e of PC and FPVA
- the grain size distribution of the grains of the solid mixture obtained by mixing together ceramic dusts (PC) and grains of formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA) during the initial mixing step has the trend summarised in Table 2:
- said ceramic dusts contain the following amount of oxydes, defined as a percentage by weight relative to the total of ceramic dusts: SiO 2 comprised in the range 50-75%, AI 2 O 3 comprised in the range 12-25%, CaO comprised in the range 0- 10%, MgO comprised in the range 0-6%, Na 2 O comprised in the range 0- 5%, K 2 O comprised in the range 0-4%.
- said ceramic material presents a compressive breaking load comprised in the range 100-400 kg/cm 2 and a drainage capacity comprised in the range 20-350 L/(m 2 h).
- said ceramic material presents a compressive breaking load comprised in the range 100-200 kg/cm 2 and a drainage capacity comprised in the range 200-350 l_/(m 2 h).
- said ceramic material presents a compressive breaking load comprised in the range 250-400 kg/cm 2 and a drainage capacity comprised in the range 20-250 L/(m 2 h).
- said ceramic material can be used for the production of wall coating tiles, whereas in the second case it can be used for the production of floor tilex.
- said ceramic dusts (PC) being mixed together with said formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol, in the mixing step of the method previously defined, contain the following amount of oxides, defined in percentage by weight with regard to the whole ceramic dusts: SiO 2 comprised in the range 50-65%, Al 2 ⁇ 3 comprised in the range 12-20%, CaO comprised in the range 3-10%, MgO comprised in the range 2-6%, Na 2 O comprised in the range 0-1%, K 2 O comprised in the range 0-1%.
- said ceramic dusts contain the following amounts of oxides: SiO 2 comprised in the range 60- 75%, AI 2 O 3 comprised in the range 18-25%, CaO comprised in the range 0-1 %, MgO comprised in the range 0-1 %, Na 2 O comprised in the range 1- 5%, K 2 O comprised in the range 0 ⁇ 5-4%.
- Table 3 shows the grain size distribution of the grains of the formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA)
- Table 4 the grain size distribution of the ceramic dusts is reported (PC)
- Table 5 shows the grain size distribution of the solid mixtures obtained by mixing together ceramic dusts (PC) and grains of the formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA), with reference to the different examplex.
- a mixture was prepared being constituted by atomised ceramic dusts and a granulometric formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA) having a grain size distribution of the kind reported in Table 3.
- the FPVA ⁇ formulation was constituted by 75% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) having a molecular weight of 90000 and a hydrolysis rate of 88%, pentaerythritol (12% by weight), a mixture of oxy- ethylene glycols (mono-, di- and tri-oxy-ethylene glycol, 8% by weight), water (2% by weight), process additives (calcium stearate, oligosiloxane, borax and silica, 3% by weight).
- a fluid solid mixture having a granulometric structure (with grain size distribution of the kind shown in Table 4) having the following composition percentage (defined by weight): white ceramic mixture (45%), black ceramic mixture (20%), blue ceramic mixture (25%), FPVA (10%).
- the mixture was subsequently put in a press with isostatic buffers, operated by applying a specific pressure of 200 kg/cm 2 , in order to obtain articles with dimensions of 150 x 200 x 10 mm.
- the formed articles subsequently underwent a quick firing inside a roller kiln, wherein in a first step the temperature was gradually increased, with a temperature gradient of 10°C/min, up to a maximum temperature of 700 0 C, obtaining the complete FPVA removal after 90 minutes. Subsequently, the temperature inside the kiln was increased, with a temperature gradient of 30°C/min, up to the maximum temperature of 121O 0 C, obtaining the complete sintering of the article after 60 minutes.
- Tiles were obtained having the given dimensions, hourly drainage capacity of 200 L/m 2 and mechanical strength (compressive breaking load) of 190 kg/cm 2 .
- Example 2 Obtained tiles can be conveniently used for coating floors.
- Example 2
- a mixture was prepared which was constituted by atomised ceramic dusts and a granulometric formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA) with dimensional distribution of the kind shown in
- the FPVA formulation was constituted by 80% by weight of PVA having molecular weight of 13.0000, hydrolysis rate of 78%, polyols mixture [tri-methylol propane (10% by weight), beta-cyclodextrine (6% by weight) and glycerol (2% by weight)] and process additives (calcium stearate, oligosiloxane, borax and silica, 2% by weight). From the aforesaid combination a fluid solid mixture is obtained having a granulometric structure (with grain size distribution of the kind shown in
- Table 4 with the following composition percentage (defined by weight): white ceramic mixture (45%), black ceramic mixture (20%), dark blue ceramic mixture (23%), FPVA (12%).
- the mixture was subsequently put in a press with isostatic buffers, operated by applying a specific pressure of 180 kg/cm 2 , in order to obtain articles with dimensions of 150 x 200 x 12 mm.
- the formed articles subsequently underwent a quick firing inside a roller kiln, wherein in a first step .the temperature was gradually increased up to 800 0 C, with a temperature gradient of 7°C/min, obtaining the complete FPVA removal after 110 minutes.
- the following sintering was obtained in 60 minutes, by increasing the temperature inside the kiln up to the maximum temperature of 1200 0 C, with a temperature gradient of 30°C/min.
- a mixture was prepared which was constituted by atomized ceramic dusts and a granulometric formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA) having dimensional distribution of the kind shown in Table 3.
- the FPVA formulation was constituted by 70% by weight of
- PVA having hydrolysis rate of 79% and molecular weight of 100000, polyols mixture [pentaerythritol (7% by weight), glycerol (3% by weight),
- composition percentage (defined by weight): white ceramic mixture (45%), black ceramic mixture (20%), blue ceramic mixture (25%), FPVA (10%).
- the mixture was subsequently put in a press with isostatic buffers, operated by applying a specific pressure of of 200 kg/cm 2 , in order to obtain articles with dimensions of 150 x 200 x 10 mm.
- the formed articles subsequently underwent a slow firing inside an electric muffle kiln, with such a temperature gradient as to reach 250 0 C in 60 minutes, then 45O 0 C in 60 minutes more, 800 0 C after 120 minutes more and 1200 0 C after further 120 minutes. Then, the temperature was maintained constant at 1200 0 C for 10 minutes more. The complete FPVA removal was obtained after 110 minutes.
- Example 4 In a helical mixer a mixture was prepared which was constituted by atomized ceramic dusts and a granulometric formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA) having dimensional distribution of the kind shown in Table 3.
- FPVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the FPVA formulation was constituted by 60% by weight of PVA having molecular weight of;60000, hydrolysis rate of 60%, 20% PVA having hydrolysis rate of 79% and molecular weight of 100000, polyols mixture [pentaerythritol (6% by weight), glycerol (4% by weight), PEG 400 (7% by weight)] and process additives (calcium stearate, erucamide, oligosiloxane, borax and silica 3% by weight).
- a fluid solid mixture having a granulometric structure (grain size distribution of the kind shown in Table 4) and the following composition percentage (defined by weight): white ceramic mixture (45%), superwhite ceramic mixture (25%), dark blue ceramic mixture (22%), FPVA (8%).
- the mixture was subsequently put in a press with isostatic buffers, operated by applying a specific pressure of 220 kg/cm 2 , in order to obtain articles with dimensions of 150 x 200 x 11 mm.
- the formed articles subsequently underwent a quick firing inside a roller kiln, wherein in a first step, by increasing the temperature with a temperature gradient of 15°C7min, up to a maximum temperature of 750 0 C, the complete removal of FPVA was obtained in 80 minutes.
- the temperature inside the kiln was increased, at a temperature gradient of 30°C/min, up to the maximum temperature of 121O 0 C, thus obtaining the complete sintering of the article after 60 minutes.
- Tiles were obtained having the given dimensions, hourly drainage capacity of 95 L/m 2 and mechanical strength (compressive breaking load) of 300 kg/cm 2 .
- Example 5 In a helical mixer a mixture was prepared which was constituted by atomized ceramic dusts and a granulometric formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol (FPVA) having.dimensional distribution of the kind shown in Table 3.
- the FPVA formulation was constituted by 80% by weight di PVA having molecular weight of 205000, hydrolysis rate of 88%, pentaerythritol (12% by weight), PEG 400 (5% by weight)] and process additives (calcium stearate, oligosiloxane, borax and silica 3% by weight).
- a fluid solid mixture having a granulometric structure (grain size distribution of the kind shown in Table 4) with the following composition percentage (defined by weight): white ceramic mixture (40%), black ceramic mixture (23%), dark blue ceramic mixture (22%), FPVA (15%).
- An aqueous solution of FPVA (10%) was added to the solid mixture, until the humidity of the mixture reached a value of 10%.
- a specific pressure of 160 kg/cm 2 was applied to the mixture by means of a press with isostatic buffers, in order to obtain articles with dimensions of 150 x 200 x 8 mm.
- the formed articles subsequently underwent a quick firing inside a roller kiln, wherein in a first step, by increasing the temperature with a temperature gradient of 6°C7min, up to the maximum temperature of 75O 0 C, the complete removal of FPVA was obtained in 120 minutes.
- the temperature inside the kiln was increased, with a temperature gradient of 18°C/min, up to the maximum temperature of 113O 0 C, obtaining the complete sintering of the article after 60 minutes.
- Tiles were obtained having the given dimensions, hourly drainage capacity of 300 L/m 2 and mechanical strength (compressive breaking load) of 130 kg/cm 2 . Obtained tiles can be used for coating walls.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé de production d’un matériau structural en céramique microporeuse, en particulier destiné à la production de tuiles, comprenant les étapes suivantes : - mélanger des poussières de céramique avec une quantité, comprise dans la gamme de 1 à 30 % du poids total du mélange solide obtenu, de grains d'une formulation à base de poly(alcool vinylique) (FPAV) ; - augmenter le degré d'humidité dudit mélange solide avec une quantité d'eau comprise dans la gamme de 3 à 15 % en poids, du mélange solide, fournie sous la forme d’une solution aqueuse contenant de 0,5 à 30 % en poids de FPAV ; - comprimer les grains dudit mélange solide au moyen de l'application d'une pression spécifique comprise dans la gamme de 50 à 350 kg/cm2 ; - mettre en inertie les grains comprimés, au moyen d’un chauffage progressif jusqu'à une température maximale comprise dans la gamme de 150 à 8000 °C ; - fritter les grains, au moyen d’un autre chauffage progressif jusqu'à une température maximale comprise dans la gamme de 1000 à 12500 °C ; et - refroidir le matériau fritté. L’invention concerne en outre un matériau structural en céramique microporeuse pouvant être obtenu au moyen dudit procédé et leurs utilisations.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06780597A EP1919845A1 (fr) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-07-27 | Matériau structural en céramique microporeuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITRM2005A000423 | 2005-08-05 | ||
IT000423A ITRM20050423A1 (it) | 2005-08-05 | 2005-08-05 | Materiale ceramico strutturale microporoso. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007017912A1 true WO2007017912A1 (fr) | 2007-02-15 |
Family
ID=37309416
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IT2006/000567 WO2007017912A1 (fr) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-07-27 | Matériau structural en céramique microporeuse |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1919845A1 (fr) |
IT (1) | ITRM20050423A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007017912A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110734277A (zh) * | 2019-08-23 | 2020-01-31 | 福建贝迪陶瓷科技有限公司 | 一种人造珊瑚石的配方及制作工艺 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5113810A (en) * | 1974-07-24 | 1976-02-03 | Choichiro Hasumi | Keiryogawarano seizohoho |
GB1506728A (en) * | 1975-06-24 | 1978-04-12 | Poroton Ag | Ceramics |
GB1587766A (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1981-04-08 | Socri Int Sa | Method of manufacturing porous water-permeable and not frost-susceptible terra cotta pavings usable as ground coating and pavings thus obtained |
US4954460A (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1990-09-04 | Mino Yogyo Co., Ltd. | Water-permeable ceramic material |
DE4021627A1 (de) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-01-09 | Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren | Verfahren zur herstellung von poroesen, keramischen formkoerpern und zugehoeriger formkoerper-rohling |
JP2000282666A (ja) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-10 | National House Industrial Co Ltd | 床構造および耐磨耗性調湿タイル |
DE10347356A1 (de) * | 2003-10-11 | 2005-05-19 | Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie Gmbh | Verfahren u. Mischung zur Herstellung von Produkten der keramischen Industrie, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Mauerziegeln |
-
2005
- 2005-08-05 IT IT000423A patent/ITRM20050423A1/it unknown
-
2006
- 2006-07-27 WO PCT/IT2006/000567 patent/WO2007017912A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2006-07-27 EP EP06780597A patent/EP1919845A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5113810A (en) * | 1974-07-24 | 1976-02-03 | Choichiro Hasumi | Keiryogawarano seizohoho |
GB1506728A (en) * | 1975-06-24 | 1978-04-12 | Poroton Ag | Ceramics |
GB1587766A (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1981-04-08 | Socri Int Sa | Method of manufacturing porous water-permeable and not frost-susceptible terra cotta pavings usable as ground coating and pavings thus obtained |
US4954460A (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1990-09-04 | Mino Yogyo Co., Ltd. | Water-permeable ceramic material |
DE4021627A1 (de) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-01-09 | Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren | Verfahren zur herstellung von poroesen, keramischen formkoerpern und zugehoeriger formkoerper-rohling |
JP2000282666A (ja) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-10 | National House Industrial Co Ltd | 床構造および耐磨耗性調湿タイル |
DE10347356A1 (de) * | 2003-10-11 | 2005-05-19 | Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie Gmbh | Verfahren u. Mischung zur Herstellung von Produkten der keramischen Industrie, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Mauerziegeln |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Week 197612, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1976-21484X, XP002407168 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITRM20050423A1 (it) | 2007-02-06 |
EP1919845A1 (fr) | 2008-05-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Pérez et al. | Microstructure and technological properties of porcelain stoneware tiles moulded at different pressures and thicknesses | |
CN110054475B (zh) | 一种底部具有多孔结构的陶瓷砖及其制备方法 | |
KR200452226Y1 (ko) | 세라믹 경량타일 | |
MXPA01012924A (es) | Composiciones de yeso y metodos relacionados. | |
US20080090720A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for hot-forging synthetic ceramic | |
JPH0840763A (ja) | 天然石に類似する板状、建築および装飾用材料の製造方法及びその方法によって得られた材料 | |
CN102877614A (zh) | 一种具有装饰性能的隔热保温陶瓷复合板 | |
CN112010633A (zh) | 耐磨防滑陶瓷砖的制备方法 | |
CN101424116A (zh) | 复合泡沫陶瓷装饰板及其生产方法 | |
KR101801552B1 (ko) | 포장용 콘크리트 블록 | |
EP1215181A1 (fr) | Noyaux pour portes coupe-feu et procédés pour leur fabrication | |
EP3459919A1 (fr) | Matériau et dalle en céramique comprenant un matériau céramique | |
EP3976555B1 (fr) | Produit céramique à surface antidérapante | |
EP1919845A1 (fr) | Matériau structural en céramique microporeuse | |
KR101071575B1 (ko) | 황토 타일 조성물, 저온 소성 고강도 황토 타일 및 이의 제조방법 | |
CN117769530A (zh) | 压实陶瓷材料的砖或板 | |
KR100429854B1 (ko) | 황토와 송이를 포함하는 경량 모르타르 | |
JP4220854B2 (ja) | 強度と保水性を両立させた保水煉瓦 | |
Nikonova et al. | Wollastonite in silicate matrices | |
JPH11268950A (ja) | 軽量無機質ボード成型体とその製造方法 | |
KR101891370B1 (ko) | 천연석 외관을 구현하는 다공성 세라믹 타일 및 그의 제조방법 | |
KR100889635B1 (ko) | 세라믹 발포체 제조 방법 및 상기한 방법으로 제조한 세라믹 발포체 | |
JP6687339B2 (ja) | 無機質板 | |
JP4370863B2 (ja) | 耐凍害性軽量建材 | |
KR100525682B1 (ko) | 세라믹 타일의 제조 방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006780597 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2006780597 Country of ref document: EP |