WO2007008012A2 - Apparatus and method of processing an audio signal - Google Patents

Apparatus and method of processing an audio signal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007008012A2
WO2007008012A2 PCT/KR2006/002690 KR2006002690W WO2007008012A2 WO 2007008012 A2 WO2007008012 A2 WO 2007008012A2 KR 2006002690 W KR2006002690 W KR 2006002690W WO 2007008012 A2 WO2007008012 A2 WO 2007008012A2
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Prior art keywords
block
sub
code
blocks
channel
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PCT/KR2006/002690
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2007008012A3 (en
Inventor
Tilman Liebchen
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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Priority claimed from PCT/KR2005/002292 external-priority patent/WO2007011080A1/en
Priority claimed from PCT/KR2005/002291 external-priority patent/WO2007011079A1/en
Priority claimed from PCT/KR2005/002290 external-priority patent/WO2007011078A1/en
Priority claimed from PCT/KR2005/002308 external-priority patent/WO2007011085A1/en
Priority claimed from PCT/KR2005/002307 external-priority patent/WO2007011084A1/en
Priority claimed from PCT/KR2005/002306 external-priority patent/WO2007011083A1/en
Priority to CNA2006800289829A priority Critical patent/CN101238510A/zh
Priority to EP06769226A priority patent/EP1913588A4/en
Application filed by LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Electronics Inc
Priority to JP2008521318A priority patent/JP2009500692A/ja
Priority to CNA2006800305412A priority patent/CN101243497A/zh
Publication of WO2007008012A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007008012A2/en
Publication of WO2007008012A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007008012A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/008—Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/0017—Lossless audio signal coding; Perfect reconstruction of coded audio signal by transmission of coding error
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
    • G10L19/0212—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders using orthogonal transformation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
    • G10L19/022—Blocking, i.e. grouping of samples in time; Choice of analysis windows; Overlap factoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
    • G10L19/08—Determination or coding of the excitation function; Determination or coding of the long-term prediction parameters
    • G10L19/12—Determination or coding of the excitation function; Determination or coding of the long-term prediction parameters the excitation function being a code excitation, e.g. in code excited linear prediction [CELP] vocoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
    • G10L19/16—Vocoder architecture
    • G10L19/167—Audio streaming, i.e. formatting and decoding of an encoded audio signal representation into a data stream for transmission or storage purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/102—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers
    • G11B27/105—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers of operating discs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
    • H04S1/007—Two-channel systems in which the audio signals are in digital form
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/005—Correction of errors induced by the transmission channel, if related to the coding algorithm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
    • G10L19/032—Quantisation or dequantisation of spectral components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
    • G10L19/06—Determination or coding of the spectral characteristics, e.g. of the short-term prediction coefficients
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
    • G10L19/16—Vocoder architecture
    • G10L19/18—Vocoders using multiple modes
    • G10L19/24—Variable rate codecs, e.g. for generating different qualities using a scalable representation such as hierarchical encoding or layered encoding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10527—Audio or video recording; Data buffering arrangements
    • G11B2020/10537—Audio or video recording
    • G11B2020/10546—Audio or video recording specifically adapted for audio data

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for processing audio signal, and more particularly to a method and apparatus of
  • MPEG MP3 or AAC
  • DVD audio and Super CD Audio include proprietary
  • Lossless audio coding permits the compression of digital audio data without any loss in quality-
  • the present invention relates to method of processing an audio
  • a block of audio data is partitioned into N
  • the N sub-blocks are entropy encoded
  • code parameters and the code parameters are transmitted.
  • the code parameters may be transmitted by directly transmitting
  • the audio signal including a block of
  • the N sub-blocks are decoded using a plurality
  • the present invention further relates to methods and
  • FIG. 1 is an example illustration of an encoder according to
  • FIG. 2 is an example illustration of a decoder according to an
  • FIG. 3 is an example illustration of a bitstream structure
  • FIG. 4 is an example illustration of a conceptual view of a hierarchical block switching method according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is an example illustration of a block switching
  • FIG. 6 is an example illustration of block switching methods for a plurality of channel according to embodiments of the
  • FIG. 1 is an example illustration of an encoder 1 according to
  • a partitioning part 100 partitions the input audio data into
  • each channel may be further
  • a buffer 110 stores block and/or frame samples partitioned by the partitioning part 100.
  • a coefficient estimating part 120 estimates an optimum set of
  • the order of the predictor can be adaptively chosen as
  • the coefficient estimating part 120 calculates a set of
  • a quantizing part 130 quantizes the set of
  • a first entropy coding part 140 calculates parcor residual
  • entropy parameters defined by entropy parameters, wherein the offset value and the entropy parameters are chosen from an optimal table.
  • optimal table is selected from a plurality of tables based on a sampling rate of the block of digital audio data.
  • plurality of tables are predefined for a plurality of sampling
  • a coefficient converting part 150 converts the quantized
  • a predictor 160 estimates current prediction values from the
  • the buffer 110 and a prediction value estimated in the predictor 160.
  • a second entropy coding part 180 codes the prediction residual
  • the second entropy coding part 180 may code the
  • BGMC Block Gilbert-Moore Codes
  • a multiplexing part 190 multiplexes coded prediction
  • the encoder 1 also provides a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum, which is supplied mainly for the decoder to verify
  • the decoded data On the encoder side, the CRC can be used to calculate the decoded data.
  • the CRC On the encoder side, the CRC can be used to calculate the decoded data.
  • the CRC On the encoder side, the CRC can be used to calculate the decoded data.
  • Additional encoding options include flexible block switching
  • the encoder 1 1
  • the joint channel coding is used to
  • channel signals This can be achieved by coding the
  • FIG. 2 is an example illustration of a decoder 2 according to
  • FIG. 2 shows the present invention. More specially, FIG. 2 shows the
  • a demultiplexing part 200 receives an audio signal and demultiplexes a coded prediction residual of a block of
  • part 210 decodes the parcor residual values using entropy
  • a coefficient converting part 230 converts
  • predictor 240 estimates a prediction residual of the block of digital audio data using the LPC coefficients.
  • An adder 250 is an adder
  • An assembling part 260 assembles the decoded
  • the decoder 2 decodes the coded prediction residual and the parcor residual values, converts the parcor residual
  • FIG. 3 is an example illustration of a bitstream structure of
  • a compressed audio signal including a plurality of channels (e.g., M channels) according to the present invention.
  • the bitstream consists of at least one audio frame including a
  • the "channels" are a plurality of channels (e.g., M channels).
  • the "channels" are a plurality of channels (e.g., M channels).
  • Each channel is sub ⁇
  • Each sub-divided block has a different size
  • the coding data within a subdivided block For example, the coding data within a subdivided block
  • partition is identical for both channels, and blocks are
  • bitstream configuration syntax (Table 6) indicates whether
  • joint stereo (channel difference) is on or off, and a
  • the block partition for each channel is independent .
  • An aspect of the present invention relates to subdividing each
  • block switching method referred to as a "block switching method” .
  • FIG. 4 is an example illustration of a conceptual view of a hierarchical block switching method according to the present
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a method of
  • each channel is provided in a single frame, each
  • channel may be subdivided (or partitioned) to up to 32 blocks,
  • the prediction and entropy coding are performed on the subdivided block units .
  • ALS Audio Lossless Coding
  • channel of N samples is either encoded using one full length
  • this scheme may have some
  • each channel of a frame may be
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a channel which can be
  • N/32 may be possible within a channel according to the
  • each block results from a subdivision of a superordinate block of double length.
  • partition into N/4 + N/2 + N/4 may not be possible (e.g., block switching examples shown in FIGs. 5 (e) and 5 described
  • each block has a length equal to
  • N is the length of the channel
  • m is an integer greater
  • a bitstream includes information indicating block switching
  • the information related to block switching is included in the syntax, which is used in the decoding process, described in detail below.
  • settings are made so that a minimum block size
  • level 5 block switching when the minimum
  • level 3 block switching when the
  • level 0 block switching which is referred to as a level 0 block switching.
  • the first block switching information For example, the first
  • block switching information may be represented by a 2-bit
  • the second block switching information may be represented by a "bs_info" field which is expressed by any one
  • one channel configures one block.
  • Table 1 Block switching levels.
  • mapping each bit within the second block switching
  • the bs_info field may include up to 4 bytes in accordance with
  • the first bit may be reserved for indicating
  • FIGs. 5 (a) -5 (f) illustrate different block
  • bs_info are set if a block is further subdivided. For example, in FIG. 5 (a) , there is no subdivision at all, thus "bs_info" is (0)000 0000. In FIG. 5 (b) , the frame is subdivided ((0)1%)
  • first block of length N/2 is further split ((0)110%) into two
  • FIG. 5(f) could not have been obtained by subdividing a block of the previous level.
  • FIGs. 6 (a) - 6(c) are example illustrations of block switching
  • FIG. 6 (a) illustrates an example where block switching has not been performed for channels 1, 2, and
  • FIG. 6 (b) illustrates an example in which two channels
  • channels 1 and 2 configure one channel pair, and block
  • FIG. 6(c) illustrates an example in which two channels (channels 1 and
  • channel pair refers to two arbitrary audio channels .
  • channel may be identical for all channels, the block switching
  • the channels may be divided into blocks
  • channels of a channel pair may be block switched synchronously.
  • the channels are block
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a single block switched (i.e., divided into blocks) in the same manner.
  • block switching may be applied to a multi-channel group having
  • a number of channels equal to or more than 3 channels .
  • each channel of the multi-channel group may be switched independently.
  • the "bs_info" field is used as the information for indicating the block switching result.
  • bit within the w bs_info" field may be used.
  • the first bit of the "bs_info" field is set as "0".
  • FIGs. 6 (a) , 6 (b) , and 6 (c) will now be described in detail.
  • channels 1 and 2 configure a channel
  • each block within the channel pair may be required to be interleaved with
  • the interleaving may be beneficial (or
  • a block of one channel (e.g., block 1.2 in FIG. 6 (b) ) within a channel pair may depend on
  • channels 1 and 2 configure a channel
  • channel 1 is split into
  • Channel 2 is split into blocks of a
  • block switching is performed independently among each channel, and therefore, the
  • channel data may be arranged separately.
  • Joint channel coding also called joint stereo, can be used to
  • the channels can be rearranged by
  • the encoder in order to assign suitable channel pairs.
  • lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also Besides simple difference coding, lossless audio codec also
  • the present invention relates to audio lossless coding and is
  • Random access stands for fast access to any part of the encoded audio signal without costly
  • the encoder needs to insert a frame that
  • the inserted frame is referred to as a "random access frame" .
  • random access frame In such a
  • a "random_access" field is used as
  • random access is not supported. In other words, when ⁇ random_access > 0", random access is supported. More
  • random access unit is 255. Accordingly, the "random_access"
  • configuration syntax (Table 6) may further include information
  • the "random_access" field within the configuration syntax may also be referred to as
  • the "ra_flag" field may also be referred to as second general information.
  • an audio signal includes
  • each random access unit containing one or more audio
  • the configuration information includes first general
  • the random access unit size is stored.
  • method of decoding an audio signal includes receiving the
  • each random access unit containing one
  • the decoder may then access the random
  • an audio signal includes multi-channels
  • each channel may be mapped at a one-to-one correspondence with
  • n chan_config_info 16-bit n chan_config_info
  • the "chan_config_info” field includes
  • the channel corresponds to one of multi-channels .
  • present invention also includes information indicating whether
  • Table 2 Channel configuration.
  • channel configuration may be such that correlated
  • channels are not adjoining in the structure of the audio data
  • the manner in which the channels are rearranged may ⁇
  • Table 6 may include a chan_sort field indicating whether the
  • the decoder processes the audio signal so that the
  • an audio signal includes multiple or
  • a 32-bit "samples" field is used as information indicating the
  • the user-defined value may be arbitrarily
  • the frame number of each channel should first be obtained.
  • frlen_last frame_length
  • samples field is an exact multiple of the number of samples within each frame, which is decided by the "frame_length"
  • the multiple value becomes the total number of frames.
  • samples field is not an exact multiple of the number of
  • the encoder may freely decide and
  • the decoder may
  • the predictor 160 shown in FIG. 1 The predictor 160 shown in FIG. 1
  • the second entropy coding part 180 performs entropy coding on a residual value corresponding to the difference
  • predictor coefficient values are entropy coded by the first entropy coding part 140.
  • Linear prediction is used in many applications for speech and
  • the current sample of a time-discrete signal x( ⁇ ) can be
  • JC is the order of the predictor.
  • backward adaptation procedure has
  • Another aspect of forward-adaptive prediction is to determine a suitable prediction order. Increasing the order decreases
  • bit rate R e for the residual.
  • bit rate R e for the residual.
  • the total bit rate for the coefficients can be determined in each iteration, i.e., for each prediction order.
  • the prediction order K is also
  • bitstream the bitstream and then transmitted.
  • the configuration syntax (Table 6) includes information
  • 10-bit ⁇ max_order" field corresponds to information indicating
  • K 1023 (e . g. , 10-bit) .
  • the optimum order (opt_order) is decided based upon the value
  • each block may be decided considering the size of the
  • the opt_order value being
  • the present invention relates to higher
  • short block length e.g. 4096 & 1024 or 8192 & 2048
  • this factor can be increased (e.g., up to 32), enabling a larger range (e.g., 16384 down to 512 or even 32768 to 1024
  • Table 8 can also be up to 10 bits. The actual number of
  • bits in a particular block may depend on the maximum order
  • prediction order may be smaller than a global prediction order.
  • the local prediction order is determined from
  • the "opt_order” field is determined on 8 bits (instead
  • a first sample of a current block is
  • the K value is determined from the opt__order which is derived from
  • the first sample in the block does not perform
  • the second sample of the block uses the first
  • the third sample of the block uses the first and second
  • the random access frame corresponds to a reference frame of
  • the random access unit does not
  • predictor coefficients h k is not very efficient for
  • the coefficient estimating part 120 is processed
  • the first two parcor coefficients ( ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 correspondingly) are quantized by using the following functions:
  • coding part 140 is used for coding the above-described
  • ⁇ k a k ⁇ ofisQt k
  • the first entropy coding part 140 which, in turn, are encoded by using the first entropy coding part 140, e.g., the Rice code method.
  • a table index (i.e., a 2-bit ⁇ coef_table" ) is indicated in the configuration syntax (Table 6) . If
  • the offset is always -64 in order to
  • the first entropy decoding part 220 reconstructs the
  • r(.) is an empirically determined mapping table (not shown
  • mapping table may vary with implementation
  • the first entropy coding are provided according to the
  • sampling frequency may be any sampling frequency.
  • the sampling frequency may be any sampling frequency.
  • table can also be chosen by other criteria.
  • Table 3 Rice code parameters used for encoding of
  • Table 4 Rice code parameters used for encoding of
  • Table 5 Rice code parameters used for encoding of
  • the present invention contains two different modes of the
  • FIG. 1 which will now be described in detail.
  • the indices of the applied codes are transmitted, as
  • the optimal Rice code for a given set of data it is up to the encoder to select suitable codes depending upon the statistics
  • a Rice code is defined by a parameter s ⁇ 0. For a given
  • each codeword consists of a p-bit prefix and an s- bit sub-code.
  • the prefix is signaled using p - 1 "l"-bits and
  • the sub-code for s >0 is calculated as follows :
  • Table A - Rice code with s 4.
  • the xxxx bits contain the 4 -bit sub-code s[i].
  • the encoder can use a more complex and
  • the encoding of residuals is accomplished by splitting the distribution in two categories.
  • the two types include
  • tails are simply re-centered (i.e., for e(ri) > e max ,
  • the BGMC first splits the
  • the BGMC transmits LSBs using direct fixed-lengths
  • transmitted LSBs may be selected such that they only slightly
  • the configuration syntax (Table 6) first includes a 1-bit
  • the "sb_part" field corresponds to information related
  • ⁇ sb_part varies in accordance with the value of the "bgmc_mode” field.
  • the "ec_sub” field indicates the number of sub- blocks existing in the actual corresponding block.
  • ⁇ ec_sub 0" indicates one sub-
  • Second entropy coding part 180 are coded by second entropy coding part 180 using a difference coding method.
  • An example of using the Rice code will now be
  • the block can be partitioned into 4 sub-blocks, each encoded sub-block
  • selected entropy code may be BMGC code with a code parameter
  • the decoder reads the bgmc_mode
  • the audio signal including
  • the N sub-blocks may then be decoded
  • configuration syntax may form a header periodically placed in
  • bitstream may form a header of each frame; etc.
  • Table 8 shows a block-data
  • Table 7 Frame_data syntax.
  • Table 8 Block data syntax.
  • the lossless audio codec is compared with
  • the compression ratio is defined as:
  • high-definition material i.e., 96 kHz / 24-bit and above.
  • Pentium-M depending on audio format (kHz/bits) and ALS
  • the codec is designed to offer a large range of complexity
  • the decoder may be
  • present invention can be readily adopted in another audio signal codec like the lossy audio signal codec.
  • another audio signal codec like the lossy audio signal codec.

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  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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