WO2006136316A1 - Procede de brulage d'hydrogene et bruleur utilise dans ce procede - Google Patents

Procede de brulage d'hydrogene et bruleur utilise dans ce procede Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006136316A1
WO2006136316A1 PCT/EP2006/005686 EP2006005686W WO2006136316A1 WO 2006136316 A1 WO2006136316 A1 WO 2006136316A1 EP 2006005686 W EP2006005686 W EP 2006005686W WO 2006136316 A1 WO2006136316 A1 WO 2006136316A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
burner
catalyzer
air
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/005686
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Corrado Giacomini
Original Assignee
Giacomini S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giacomini S.P.A. filed Critical Giacomini S.P.A.
Priority to EP06762035.1A priority Critical patent/EP1899642B1/fr
Priority to ES06762035.1T priority patent/ES2677893T3/es
Priority to DK06762035.1T priority patent/DK1899642T3/en
Publication of WO2006136316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006136316A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F23C13/02—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by arrangements for starting the operation, e.g. for heating the catalytic material to operating temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F23C13/08—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by the catalytic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/9901—Combustion process using hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide water or brown gas as fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and burner for burning/oxidating hydrogen on a catalyzer according to the preambles of claims 1 and 10.
  • a burner for burning a hydrogen-air mixture is already known from the document EP 1 179 709 A2.
  • a primary operating step and related catalyzer are provided, in which a hydrogen/air mixing ratio much larger than its flash point (about 4% by volume of the hydrogen/air mixing ratio) and which can also approach to very dangerous detonation conditions (a hydrogen/air mixing ratio up to 12.5% by volume) is used.
  • Said primary operating step and related catalyzer in addition to requiring a two-stage adjusting system for adjusting the hydrogen flow-rate to the mixing chamber, or a first flow-rate for said primary or pre-burning step and a second flow-rate for the operating burning or combustion operation, represents a self- evident unsafe condition for people, the encompassing environment and the burner itself, and susceptible to damage the catalyzer.
  • the mixing air is supplied through a tangential fan, which must also operate to convey the oxidation hot gases through the heat exchanger to heat the thermal carrier fluid.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a method and burner or combustor for burning/oxidating hydrogen which are very simplified and adapted to operate under highly safe conditions.
  • This aim is achieved, according to the invention, by a method and burner for burning/oxidating hydrogen having the characterizing features of claims 1 and 10, respectively.
  • the burning method and burner for safely burning hydrogen according to the invention provide the following very important advantages.
  • the hydrogen oxidating primary priming step and related catalyzer are eliminated; moreover are also eliminated the two stage adjusting circuit for adjusting the hydrogen flow-rate and any outside energy supply for performing the mentioned primary oxidation step; in addition a hydrogen/air mixture greatly less than 4% by volume, i.e. much smaller than the flash point is used, thereby providing highly safe conditions.
  • the low operating temperature is selected in a range from about 200 to about 560 0 C, which corresponds to the self-priming or self-igniting hydrogen flame temperature. Said operating temperature being preferably of about 300 0 C. In this temperature range of ⁇ 650 0 C, moreover, air nitrogen oxides are prevented from forming, thereby allowing to carry out a "zero emission" burning process. In such a no-flame hydrogen oxidation process, impurities contained in the supplied air, such as powders, are not burned thereby they could clog the catalyzer pores to hinder an efficient operation of the latter and generate unsafe conditions due to the presence of un-oxided hydrogen.
  • the prior fan is replaced by a compressor, operating to purify said feeding air, and adapted to safely provide the required high pressure head to "propel" hot gases from the oxidation process through the heat exchanger, that will be more efficient the more labyrinth passages are performed therein.
  • thermal carrier fluid such as water
  • the burner according to the invention provides a modular unit to be used in any desired numbers for forming a target power boiler, for example of about 30 - 35 kW, as conventionally used in domestic heating applications.
  • a water to be heated exchanger in the form of a candle longitudinally extending through the hot gas conducting and collecting chamber, and using turbulator elements for guiding said hot gas and water through the burner or combustor jacket, it is moreover possible to operate with a very high thermal efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view illustrating the constructional and operating principle for making and operating the burner according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a middle longitudinal cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a modular burner according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view, analogous to figure 2, of a simplified burner construction and related designing parameters; and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary boiler including burners as shown in figure 2 and with a power adapted for a domestic use.
  • the reference number 1 generally shows a burner or combustor according to the invention for air burning/oxidating hydrogen without flame on a catalyzer 2 to provide "zero emission" heat by operating at low temperatures from about 200 to 560 0 C, for example about 300 0 C, under highly safe conditions, with a hydrogen/air mixing ratio much less than 4% by volume, which represents the flash point of this mixture.
  • the catalyzer 2 is designed as a composite catalyzer including a sequence of at least two series catalyzers, of which the first catalyzer 3, at the hydrogen-air mixture inlet side, as indicated by dashed lines, is adapted to prime the hydrogen oxidation without requiring outside power supply means.
  • This self-priming or self-igniting catalyzer 3 comprises, in an exemplary embodiment, a monolithic graphite construction using, as oxidating catalyzer elements, palladium (Pd 46) and platinum (Pt 78), and being adapted to prime or ignite the hydrogen oxidation at room air temperature, with the above mentioned hydrogen/air mixing ratio less than 4% by volume.
  • oxidation will continue on the downstream catalyzer 4 arranged in a series relationship with the first, and provided as one or more tandem arranged catalyzers, as shown in dashed lines, so as to provide an overall composite catalyzer 2.
  • the catalyzer/catalyzers 4 is/are constituted, for example, by palladium (Pd 46), platinum (Pt 78) or other suitable metals and alloys thereof on a support, for example alumina, or in a monolithic form, such as small balls, granules and the like.
  • the hydrogen-air mixture is fed by a compressor 6 leading to a mixing chamber 7, to which also leads a low-pressure hydrogen delivery duct, the pressure of which is in a 16 to 25 millibars range, preferably of about 20 millibars.
  • a mixing nozzle 9 and duct 10 the hydrogen-air mixture impinges on the composite catalyzer 2, by flowing, at first, on the self-priming catalyzer 3, at room temperature, and then on the downstream arranged catalyzers 4.
  • the hydrogen oxidation heat is removed, in a per se known manner, by a heat exchanger having substantially the shape of a toroidal jacket 1 1 , therethrough water to be heated is caused to pass; said water coming from an inlet duct 12 and exiting through the outlet 13, where said jacket 1 1 can also include therein a tube sheet assembly, not shown, for conveying exhaust gases exiting a tube 14, for example, to a first outside air-water exchanger, not shown, for further exploiting the exhaust gas heat.
  • the reference number 16 shows a process water outlet and collecting element, said process water being advantageously re-conveyed to an electrolyzer, not shown, for making hydrogen.
  • water to be heated is supplied through a duct 12A which longitudinally extends in an exchanger 5, for example in the form of a candle, which in turn longitudinally extends in the hot gas conducting and collecting chamber 15, and the outlet 12 of which communicates with the toroidal jacket or chamber 1 1 , in which said water is caused to pass through a scroll turbulator 18.
  • hot gases are conveyed through the exchanger 5 via a further turbulator 19.
  • turbulators 18 and 19 a high efficiency gas/water or thermal carrier fluid heat exchange is obtained.
  • the heated water outlet 13 is coupled to the delivery side of a hot water and heating system (for example of a radiating floor type), whereas the inlet duct 12A is coupled to the return side of said system, which preferably contains an accumulating vessel therein.
  • said air is purified by an air purifying device 17 arranged upstream of the compressor 6, and designed for performing, for example filtering, demoistening, oil eliminating operations and so on, while simultaneously removing powder materials, for preventing the composite catalyzer 2 pores from being clogged; thus operating failures of said catalyzer, and a risk of continuously providing a non-oxidated hydrogen flow are also prevented.
  • said compressor will provide the pressure head necessary to efficiently propel the oxidation hot gas through a heat exchanger assembly provided in the jacket 1 1 , thereby improving heat transmission to the thermal carrier fluid, i.e. to water to be heated.
  • the above disclosed burner with it designing exemplary size parameters hereinbelow shown, provide a comparatively low power modular burner, having, for example, a power of about 6 kW, which can be used for making larger power boilers, for example of about 30 - 35 kW, like those which are conventionally used for domestic heating applications.
  • Air flow-rate 830 1/min
  • H 2 flow-rate 30 1/min (-3.5% by volume in the mixture) — > 1.8 nm 3
  • H 2 high heating value (the water steam produced by burning is condensed and the related heat is exploited): 3.050 kcal/nm 3
  • Tin 39°C (return to the radiating floor)

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un brûleur pour l'oxydation à basse température d'hydrogène, comportant un catalyseur disposé dans la chambre d'oxydation du brûleur, comprenant un catalyseur combiné, incluant un catalyseur à amorçage automatique, afin d'amorcer l'oxydation de l'hydrogène dans l'air à température ambiante ayant un rapport de mélange inférieur à son point d'éclair, sans fournir d'énergie externe, et un ou plusieurs catalyseurs disposés en aval afin de continuer l'oxydation. Afin d'empêcher les pores du catalyseur de se boucher, l'air du mélange est purifié et introduit au travers d'un compresseur. Le brûleur selon l'invention en étant utilisé dans des conditions de sécurité maximale, peut avantageusement servir de source de chaleur pour l'eau chaude et/ou pour des systèmes de chauffage, par exemple pour un usage domestique.
PCT/EP2006/005686 2005-06-21 2006-06-13 Procede de brulage d'hydrogene et bruleur utilise dans ce procede WO2006136316A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06762035.1A EP1899642B1 (fr) 2005-06-21 2006-06-13 Procédé de brulage d'hydrogène et brûleur utilisé dans ce procédé
ES06762035.1T ES2677893T3 (es) 2005-06-21 2006-06-13 Método para quemado de hidrógeno y quemador del mismo
DK06762035.1T DK1899642T3 (en) 2005-06-21 2006-06-13 METHOD OF COMBUSTING HYDROGEN AND BURNING THEREOF

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITCO2005A000019 2005-06-21
IT000019A ITCO20050019A1 (it) 2005-06-21 2005-06-21 Procedimento e combustore per la combustione di idrogeno

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006136316A1 true WO2006136316A1 (fr) 2006-12-28

Family

ID=37036838

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/005686 WO2006136316A1 (fr) 2005-06-21 2006-06-13 Procede de brulage d'hydrogene et bruleur utilise dans ce procede

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1899642B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1899642T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2677893T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITCO20050019A1 (fr)
PT (1) PT1899642T (fr)
WO (1) WO2006136316A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2954466A1 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-24 Snecma Echangeur thermique pour pile a combustible chaude
ITCO20100005A1 (it) * 2010-01-27 2011-07-28 Giacomini Spa "combustore per la combustione di idrogeno su un catalizzatore e caldaia per tali combustori"
WO2012020288A2 (fr) 2010-07-26 2012-02-16 Giacomini S.P.A. Système pour produire de l'énergie à partir d'hydrogène, en particulier pour les bâtiments résidentiels
DE102019121973A1 (de) * 2019-08-15 2021-02-18 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät für ein Gebäude
WO2023148591A2 (fr) 2022-02-01 2023-08-10 E.Hy Energy Hydrogen Evolution S.R.L. Générateur d'hydrogène

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1747771A (en) * 1926-08-23 1930-02-18 Gruetter Theodore William Art of combustion
US2039515A (en) * 1934-05-31 1936-05-05 Ollie L Besinger Boiler
GB730423A (en) * 1952-03-05 1955-05-25 Gensaburo Matsumoto Improvements in or relating to a forced-flow steam or hot-water boiler
GB816935A (en) * 1957-09-18 1959-07-22 Fraser & Fraser Ltd Improvements relating to hot water boilers
JPS57210207A (en) * 1981-06-22 1982-12-23 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind Mounting method for catalyst in catalytic combustion apparatus
EP1179709A2 (fr) 2000-08-09 2002-02-13 Calsonic Kansei Corporation Système de chauffage par combustion d'hydrogène
US20050042567A1 (en) * 2003-08-06 2005-02-24 Denso Corporation Catalytic reaction heater
WO2005024301A1 (fr) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Giacomini S.P.A. Procédé et brûleur pour brûler de l'hydrogène et système de chauffage d'eau faisant appel à ce procédé et brûleur

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3133527A (en) * 1957-12-16 1964-05-19 Heat King Corp Booster heater
DE4330130C1 (de) * 1993-09-06 1994-10-20 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Katalytischer Brenner
AUPR286801A0 (en) * 2001-02-05 2001-03-01 Burns, Alan Robert Heat exchanger

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1747771A (en) * 1926-08-23 1930-02-18 Gruetter Theodore William Art of combustion
US2039515A (en) * 1934-05-31 1936-05-05 Ollie L Besinger Boiler
GB730423A (en) * 1952-03-05 1955-05-25 Gensaburo Matsumoto Improvements in or relating to a forced-flow steam or hot-water boiler
GB816935A (en) * 1957-09-18 1959-07-22 Fraser & Fraser Ltd Improvements relating to hot water boilers
JPS57210207A (en) * 1981-06-22 1982-12-23 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind Mounting method for catalyst in catalytic combustion apparatus
EP1179709A2 (fr) 2000-08-09 2002-02-13 Calsonic Kansei Corporation Système de chauffage par combustion d'hydrogène
US20050042567A1 (en) * 2003-08-06 2005-02-24 Denso Corporation Catalytic reaction heater
WO2005024301A1 (fr) * 2003-09-11 2005-03-17 Giacomini S.P.A. Procédé et brûleur pour brûler de l'hydrogène et système de chauffage d'eau faisant appel à ce procédé et brûleur

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2954466A1 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-24 Snecma Echangeur thermique pour pile a combustible chaude
WO2011073553A3 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2011-09-09 Snecma Echangeur thermique pour pile a combustible chaude
US8906569B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-12-09 Snecma Heat exchanger for a hot fuel cell
ITCO20100005A1 (it) * 2010-01-27 2011-07-28 Giacomini Spa "combustore per la combustione di idrogeno su un catalizzatore e caldaia per tali combustori"
WO2011092542A3 (fr) * 2010-01-27 2011-09-29 Giacomini S.P.A. Brûleur pour la combustion de l'hydrogène sur un catalyseur et chaudière pour lesdits brûleurs
WO2012020288A2 (fr) 2010-07-26 2012-02-16 Giacomini S.P.A. Système pour produire de l'énergie à partir d'hydrogène, en particulier pour les bâtiments résidentiels
DE102019121973A1 (de) * 2019-08-15 2021-02-18 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät für ein Gebäude
WO2023148591A2 (fr) 2022-02-01 2023-08-10 E.Hy Energy Hydrogen Evolution S.R.L. Générateur d'hydrogène

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK1899642T3 (en) 2018-07-30
PT1899642T (pt) 2018-07-30
EP1899642A1 (fr) 2008-03-19
ES2677893T3 (es) 2018-08-07
EP1899642B1 (fr) 2018-04-25
ITCO20050019A1 (it) 2006-12-22

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