WO2006123970A2 - Procede de transformation de dechets caoutchoutes ou d'un melange de dechets caoutchoutes et polymeres et installation de mise en oeuvre du procede - Google Patents

Procede de transformation de dechets caoutchoutes ou d'un melange de dechets caoutchoutes et polymeres et installation de mise en oeuvre du procede Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006123970A2
WO2006123970A2 PCT/RU2006/000250 RU2006000250W WO2006123970A2 WO 2006123970 A2 WO2006123970 A2 WO 2006123970A2 RU 2006000250 W RU2006000250 W RU 2006000250W WO 2006123970 A2 WO2006123970 A2 WO 2006123970A2
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Prior art keywords
gas
hydrocarbon
stage
waste
furnace
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PCT/RU2006/000250
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
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WO2006123970A3 (fr
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Aleksey Viktorovich Matveev
Tatiana Alekseevna Dobrolyubova
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Aleksey Viktorovich Matveev
Dobrolyubova Tatiana Alekseevn
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Publication of WO2006123970A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006123970A2/fr
Publication of WO2006123970A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006123970A3/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • C08J11/12—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2321/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the group of inventions relates to the field of thermal processing of solid organic waste, in particular, to methods and devices for processing rubber-containing (based on natural, butadiene, styrene-butadiene, isoprene and other rubbers) and polymeric (such as polyethylene, polystyrene, nylon, nylon, lavsan and t .p.) of waste and can be used for the disposal of worn-out car tires to produce solid carbon and other products that can be used as hydrocarbon-containing raw materials for spills industrial production.
  • rubber-containing based on natural, butadiene, styrene-butadiene, isoprene and other rubbers
  • polymeric such as polyethylene, polystyrene, nylon, nylon, lavsan and t .p.
  • a known method for the thermal processing of used tires by loading whole products into a high-temperature reactor, supplying it with gaseous hydrocarbon and heating it to obtain liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon products and a solid residue, the temperature in the lower part of the reactor is 250 - 425 0 C, and in the upper - 130 - 290 0 C.
  • a known method of processing rubber waste and installation for its implementation prior to thermal degradation, the rubber-containing waste is pretreated with a suspension of degraded rubber in high-boiling hydrocarbons, which are used as fuel oil, the thermal degradation process is carried out at temperatures of 250-380 0 C and a pressure of 3 10 "" 4 - 4 10 "1 MPa, and the dissolution time is 60-180 minutes.
  • the vapor-gas phase formed during thermal decomposition is removed from the reactor and condensed with simultaneous fractionation and separation of the high-boiling hydrocarbon fraction, which is returned to the ess, the other part of the gas phase is sent for further fractionation.
  • High-boiling hydrocarbons are fed continuously into the reaction mixture formed during the processing of rubber-containing waste.
  • the suspension of degraded rubber in high-boiling hydrocarbons produced by thermal degradation is partially sent for recycling.
  • the thermal decomposition unit is formed at least two reactors (RU, patent M; 2021127, B29B 17/00; C08J 11/10, 1994).
  • a disadvantage of the known technical solutions is that for the method to be carried out continuously, two or more reactors are required and, accordingly, an increased consumption of a high boiling hydrocarbon solvent, a marketable product, fuel oil is required, which leads to high material and energy costs and significantly increases the cost of the processing process. In addition, the process is difficult to operate because it requires sequential depressurization of reactors.
  • a known installation for processing old rubber automobile tires and other polymeric wastes Whole or shredded wastes are sent to a pyrolysis reactor, in which in the absence of oxygen in an inert gas medium at temperatures up to 900 0 C, they are destroyed with the subsequent release of a vapor-gas hydrocarbon mixture and a solid carbon-containing residue.
  • the solid residue is separated into carbon black and metal cord, and the gas-vapor mixture is cooled with separation into liquid hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon-containing gas.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled with separation into liquid hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon-containing gas.
  • about 40% by weight of liquid hydrocarbons are formed, carbon black - 45% by weight, gas -10%.
  • Part of the gas and liquid hydrocarbons formed is directed to the combustion and heating of the pyrolysis reactor (WO 99/08849, B29B 17/00. ClOB 53/00, 1999).
  • the disadvantages of the known installation are the high energy intensity, since the pyrolysis process is carried out at high temperatures, and the reaction mixture is heated in the pyrolysis reactor through its walls, and low environmental purity. because the exhaust gases generated during the processing of waste are discharged into the atmosphere.
  • a known method and installation for obtaining marketable products from rubber waste According to a method for processing rubber-containing wastes, they are pretreated by grinding and deoxygenation (deoxygenation), then they are pyrolyzed in the inner chamber of a pyrolysis reactor, followed by separation of the pyrolysis products into pyrolysis and a solid carbon-containing residue. The carbon-containing residue is crushed, cooled, sorted and separated in a magnetic separator into crude carbon black and metal-containing waste (metal cord). Pyrogas is subjected to treatment with the release of condensate of hydrocarbons and light gaseous hydrocarbons.
  • the installation for processing rubber-containing waste contains a preliminary waste preparation unit, including a waste shredder, a weighing belt conveyor, a screw conveyor, a hopper for loading with crushed waste, a deoxygenator loaded with waste from the hopper, a tunnel type pyrolysis reactor, the inner chamber of which is equipped with a conveying device made, in particular screw-shaped, located on a horizontal shaft with a drive, the crushed waste passes through the inner chamber of the pyrolysis actor certain temperatures and for a time sufficient for complete decomposition of the raw waste and for the separation of solid carbonaceous residue and pyrolysis gas, complex plants separation of pyrolytic gas into fractions of hydrocarbon condensate and steam and a complex of plants for sorting solid carbon-containing residue by particle size and separation of carbon black and metal cord (WO 02/26914, ClOB, 2002).
  • a preliminary waste preparation unit including a waste shredder, a weighing belt conveyor, a screw conveyor, a hopper for loading with crushed waste, a deoxygenator loaded
  • the closest in technical essence to the proposed method is a method for processing rubber waste, according to which rubber-containing waste is subjected to preliminary preparation: grinding, followed by irrigation with water, then the previously prepared waste is thermally decomposed in the furnace by spraying water in an amount of 50-150% by weight of waste separation of the decomposition products into a vapor-gas mixture and a solid residue, separation of the liquid phase from the vapor-gas mixture with the formation of a gaseous product and twater last for combustion in order to maintain the process of decomposition otxodov (RU, Patent N ° 2245247, B29B 17/00; C08J 11/14; B29K 21:00, 2005 YG).
  • the objective of the invention is to obtain energy-efficient, reliable and environmentally friendly technology for the continuous processing of rubber-containing or a mixture of rubber-containing and polymer waste, as well as the creation of installations for implementing such a technology.
  • the technical result obtained from the use of the proposed method, implemented, in particular, on the proposed plants is to reduce the energy intensity of the processing of rubber waste with obtaining carbon-containing and hydrocarbon-containing products.
  • the problem in view of the method is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method for processing rubber-containing wastes, including a stage of their preliminary preparation, a stage of thermal decomposition in a furnace with separation of decomposition products into a gas-vapor mixture and a solid residue, the stage of separation of the liquid phase from the gas-vapor mixtures with the formation of a hydrocarbon-containing gas and the stage of separation of the carbon-containing product from the solid residue at the preliminary preparation stage, the whole and / or crushed waste is purged at the start of the first cycle of processing with natural gas, in subsequent cycles with a hydrocarbon-containing gas, followed by impregnation with a hydrocarbon solvent - a liquid hydrocarbon fraction with a boiling point not higher than 22O 0 C, at least for 15 minutes, the stage of thermal decomposition in the furnace is carried out in the first cycle - in the environment of natural gas heated to 400-500 0 C, and in subsequent cycles - in the environment of a hydrocarbon-containing gas heated to 40 0-
  • a hydrocarbon-containing gas is divided into five streams, one of which is sent to combustion for heating a second stream of hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is fed to the stage of thermal decomposition into the furnace, the third stream is used for purging at the stage of preliminary waste preparation, and the fourth for purging of solid the remainder, and the fifth is given to the consumer.
  • the light hydrocarbon fraction is mixed with the heavy hydrocarbon fraction and a portion of the middle hydrocarbon fraction, the remaining part after recycling to the stage of preliminary waste preparation, and the resulting mixture of hydrocarbon fractions is sent for further processing, while the mixture of hydrocarbon fractions is processed to produce gasoline, diesel and fuel oil fractions.
  • the carbon-containing product isolated from the solid residue is sent to the production of sorbents.
  • the installation for processing rubber-containing or a mixture of rubber-containing and polymer waste contains a unit for thermal decomposition of waste into a gas-vapor mixture and a solid residue made in the form of an inclined tunnel-type furnace with a conveying a device connected to a preliminary waste preparation unit, including a lock chamber with gas supply units for purging and gas removal after purging and valves with an inlet and outlet drive and a hydrocarbon solvent impregnation chamber with solvent supply and removal units, a vapor removal unit and a waste removal unit after impregnation with a screw conveyor, a hydrocarbon-containing gas heating unit, consisting of a furnace and a heat exchanger, a carbon-containing product separation system including a collector solid residue, a lock receiver with a cooling jacket, upper and lower dampers with an actuator and gas supply units for purging and venting gas after purging connected to the pipe gas supply gas after purging into the furnace, a device for
  • the device in the form of blades mounted on a shaft with a drive of blades made with an angle of attack directed towards the rotation of the shaft as a conveying device for the thermal decomposition furnace.
  • the installation is equipped with a storage tank for liquid hydrocarbon fractions.
  • the medium hydrocarbon fraction recirculation system is provided with a pumping device, and a gear pump is used as the pumping device.
  • the installation for processing rubber-containing waste contains a unit for thermal decomposition of waste into a gas-vapor mixture and a solid residue made in the form of a rotor-sector type furnace mounted on a horizontal shaft with a step drive connected to a preliminary waste preparation unit, including a lock chamber with gas supply units for purging and gas removal after purging and gate valves with an inlet drive and an outlet and a chamber for impregnating the waste with a hydrocarbon solvent with nodes for supplying and discharging the solvent, nodes for discharging vapors and waste after impregnation and a waste pusher with a drive, a hydrocarbon-containing gas heating unit, consisting of a furnace and a heat exchanger, a carbon-containing product separation system, including a solid residue collector and a sluice a receiver with a cooling jacket, upper and lower dampers with an actuator and gas supply units for purging and venting gas after purging
  • the installation is equipped with a storage tank for liquid hydrocarbon fractions.
  • the medium hydrocarbon fraction recirculation system is provided with a pumping device, which can be used as a gear pump.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a plant for processing crushed rubber-containing or a mixture of crushed rubber-containing and polymer waste.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a conveying device of a furnace for thermal decomposition of waste in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an apparatus for processing solid rubber-containing wastes or solid rubber-containing wastes filled with crushed rubber-containing or polymer wastes. The method is as follows.
  • Solid and / or crushed rubber waste solid tires, crushed tires or solid tires filled with pieces of crushed tires
  • Preliminary preparation of the processed waste allows increasing the depth of their thermal decomposition and accelerating it.
  • rubber-containing wastes are impregnated with a hydrocarbon solvent at temperatures up to 22O 0 C, their destruction begins, with weakening of sulfur cross-links as well. Raising the temperature of the hydrocarbon solvent above 22O 0 C complicates the process of pumping pre-prepared waste to the stage of thermal decomposition into the furnace.
  • the prepared waste is fed to the stage of thermal decomposition into the furnace, which also contains hydrocarbon-containing gas: when starting up, natural gas heated to 400-500 0 C, and during subsequent operation, hydrocarbon-containing gas formed after the liquid phase is separated from the gas-vapor mixture obtained in the process of thermal decomposition of waste heated to 400-500 0 C, while the processed waste in the furnace is heated to a temperature of 320- 46O 0 C.
  • the time it takes to process depends on the temperature to which the reaction mixture is heated. its thermal decomposition. At a temperature of the reaction mixture of 46O 0 C, the time for which the destruction of the waste takes place is about 60 minutes, and at a temperature of 32O 0 C this time increases. In the process of thermal decomposition of waste, a gas-vapor mixture and a solid residue are formed.
  • the vapor-gas mixture is removed from the reactor and fed to the stage of separation of the liquid phase from it with the formation of a hydrocarbon-containing gas.
  • the separation of the liquid phase from the gas-vapor mixture is carried out in three stages: in the first, the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 300-360 0 C, followed by the separation of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction from the gas-vapor mixture.
  • the heavy hydrocarbon fraction is sent for further processing to obtain marketable products, for example, fuel oil.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is sent for further fractionation.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature not higher than 22O 0 C, followed by separation of the middle hydrocarbon fraction, part of which is recycled to the preliminary stage as a hydrocarbon solvent for impregnation of the treated waste, and the remaining part is sent for further processing, for example, it is subjected to hydrotreating with subsequent receiving diesel fuel or diesel fuel.
  • a hydrocarbon-containing gas is formed.
  • the light hydrocarbon fraction after hydrotreating can be used to produce high-octane gasoline additives.
  • Hydrocarbon fractions extracted from a gas-vapor mixture can be mixed, collected in one tank and sent for further processing.
  • the mixture of fractions extracted from the gas-vapor mixture is sent for further processing together to obtain gasoline, diesel and fuel oil fractions.
  • gasoline fractions with an octane number of more than 83 can be obtained, which can be used as additives to increase the octane number of straight-run gasolines, as well as petroleum solvents, clarified diesel fractions, etc.
  • each of the fractions extracted during the processing of waste can be subjected to both independent processing by any known methods, depending on the need to obtain a particular marketable product, or joint processing, for example, cracking, pyrolysis, etc.
  • a liquid hydrocarbon fraction with a boiling point of no higher than 22O 0 C as a hydrocarbon solvent for impregnating waste at the stage of preliminary preparation of the average hydrocarbon fraction is due to its lower sulfur content compared to the heavy hydrocarbon fraction and lower volatility compared to the light hydrocarbon fraction .
  • the lower temperature of the hydrocarbon solvent supplied to the impregnation chamber depends on the qualitative composition of the light fractions contained in the gas-vapor mixture and the temperature of their evaporation.
  • the solid residue formed in the process of thermal decomposition in the furnace is removed, subjected to air purging in a closed volume with simultaneous cooling, and a carbon-containing product is emitted from it - carbon black, which can then be used in various industries, in particular, for the production of car tires.
  • the generated carbon black is directed to the production of sorbents.
  • Air purging of the solid residue before the carbon-containing product is separated from it allows the associated gases to be blown off, which prevents their emission into the atmosphere when the solid residue is unloaded.
  • the hydrocarbon-containing gas and air are sent for combustion to heat the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream that is sent to the thermal decomposition stage in the furnace to create an environment in which the thermal decomposition of the treated waste is conducted. Reducing the emission of gases into the atmosphere increases the environmental friendliness of the process for processing rubber waste.
  • the resulting hydrocarbon-containing gas is divided into at least four streams, one of which is sent for combustion to heat up to 400-500 0 C the second stream of hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is sent to the stage of thermal decomposition in the furnace to create an environment in which the process of thermal decomposition of the treated waste .
  • the third stream is sent for purging to the stage of preliminary waste preparation, and the fourth is the excess of the resulting hydrocarbon-containing gas, sent to the consumer for use, for example, as fuel.
  • the resulting hydrocarbon-containing gas can be divided, in particular, into five streams: one of which is sent to combustion for heating the second stream of hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is fed to the thermal decomposition stage in the furnace, the third stream is used for purging at the stage of preliminary waste preparation , the fourth - for purging the solid residue, and the fifth - is given to the consumer, for use, for example, as fuel.
  • Example 1100 kg of rubber-containing waste - shredded tire raw materials (50 mm x 50 mm in size) are subjected to preliminary preparation, for which the raw materials are purged with hydrocarbon-containing gas in a closed volume to blow off the air contained in the treated waste, and then they are sent for impregnation with a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature 22O 0 C for 25 minutes.
  • the prepared raw materials are fed to the stage of thermal decomposition in the tunnel kiln type, which also contains hydrocarbon-containing gas preheated to 500 0 C.
  • the processed waste In the environment of a heated hydrocarbon-containing gas, the processed waste is heated to a temperature of 46O 0 C, and within 60 minutes of being in the furnace, the waste is completely decomposed completely to form a vapor-gas mixture and a solid residue.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is sent to a three-stage fractionation.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 36O 0 C, followed by separation of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction, which is sent for further processing to obtain fuel oil, in the second stage, the remaining gas-vapor mixture is cooled to 22O 0 C with the subsequent separation of the middle hydrocarbon fraction, part of which is recycled to a preliminary preparation step for use as a hydrocarbon-containing solvent of the feedstock, and the remainder is hydrotreated, followed by dis fuel oil.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 2O 0 C, followed by the isolation of a light hydrocarbon fraction and the formation of PO kg (10% of the waste weight) of a hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is divided into four streams, one of which is sent to combustion to heat the second stream of hydrocarbon-containing gas to temperature of 500 0 C with its direction to the stage of thermal decomposition in the furnace, the third stream - to periodically purge the initial waste to the stage of preliminary waste preparation, and the fourth to the consumer.
  • the isolated light fraction after hydrotreatment is sent for further processing to obtain high-octane additives to benzene.
  • the total amount of liquid hydrocarbon fractions is 419.2 kg (47.2% of the waste weight).
  • the solid residue is discharged, it is blown in an enclosed space to blow off associated gases and cooled, after which it is sent to the stage of carbon-containing product separation, where metal cord (165 kg or 15% of the waste weight) is separated from carbon black (300.3 kg or 27.3% of the weight of the waste).
  • Losses are 5.5 kg or 0.5% of the weight of the waste. After purging, air and hydrocarbon-containing gas are sent to combustion to heat the hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is sent to the thermal decomposition stage in the furnace.
  • Example 2 1100 kg of rubber-containing waste - solid tires - is subjected to preliminary preparation, for which the raw material is purged a hydrocarbon-containing gas in a closed volume for blowing off the air contained in the treated waste, after which they are sent for impregnation with a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature of 22O 0 C for 15 minutes.
  • the prepared raw materials are fed to the stage of thermal decomposition in a rotor-sector type furnace, where hydrocarbon-containing gas is also preheated to 400 ° C.
  • the treated waste is heated to a temperature of 32 ° C, and for 100 minutes in the furnace complete thermal decomposition of the waste occurs with the formation of a gas-vapor mixture and a solid residue.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is sent to a three-stage fractionation.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 300 ° C followed by separation of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction
  • the second stage the remaining gas-vapor mixture is cooled to 22 ° C, followed by the separation of the middle hydrocarbon fraction, part of which is recycled to the preliminary preparation stage for use as the hydrocarbon-containing solvent raw materials.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 2O 0 C, followed by the isolation of a light hydrocarbon fraction and the formation of PO kg (10% of the waste weight) of a hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is divided into five streams, one of which is sent to combustion to heat the second stream of hydrocarbon-containing gas to temperature 400 0 c in the direction of its thermal decomposition step in a furnace, the third flow - to periodically purge waste at source preconditioning step wastes fourth stream - to purge solid STATCOM, and the fifth stream - the consumer.
  • the separated hydrocarbon fractions with the exception of a portion of the average hydrocarbon fraction recycled to the preliminary preparation stage for use as a hydrocarbon-containing solvent of the feedstock, are mixed and sent for further processing to obtain marketable products such as fuel oil, diesel fuel, diesel fuel, etc.
  • the total amount a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon fractions is 419.2 kg (47.2% of the waste weight).
  • the solid residue is discharged, it is blown with air to blow off the associated gases and cooled, after which it is sent to the stage of carbon-containing product separation, where metal oxide (165 kg or 15% by weight of waste) is separated from carbon black (300.3 kg or 27.3% of the weight of the waste).
  • Losses are 5.5 kg or 0.5% of the weight of the waste. After purging, air and hydrocarbon-containing gas are sent to combustion to heat the hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is sent to the thermal decomposition stage in the furnace.
  • Example 3 A mixture of crushed rubber and polymer waste is subjected to processing at a ratio of 10: 1 to 1000 kg of rubber waste and 100 kg of polymer waste, subjected to preliminary preparation, for which the raw materials are purged with hydrocarbon-containing gas in a closed volume to blow off the air contained in the processed waste, after whereby they are sent for impregnation with a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature of 16O 0 C for 15 minutes.
  • Prepared raw materials are fed to the stage of thermal decomposition in a tunnel-type furnace, which also contains hydrocarbon-containing gas preheated to 400 0 C.
  • the processed waste is heated to a temperature of 32O 0 C, and complete thermal heating occurs during 100 minutes in the furnace decomposition of waste with the formation of a gas-vapor mixture and a solid residue.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is sent to a three-stage fractionation. In the first stage, the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 300 ° C followed by separation of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction, in the second stage, the remaining gas-vapor mixture is cooled to 16 ° C, followed by the separation of the middle hydrocarbon fraction, part of which is recycled to the preliminary preparation stage for use as a hydrocarbon-containing solvent raw materials.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 3O 0 C, followed by the isolation of a light hydrocarbon fraction and the formation of 110 kg (10% of the waste weight) of a hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is divided into four streams, one of which is sent to combustion to heat the second stream of hydrocarbon-containing gas to temperature 400 0 C with its direction to the stage of thermal decomposition in the furnace, the third stream - to periodically purge the initial waste to the stage of preliminary waste treatment, and the fourth to the consumer.
  • the separated hydrocarbon fractions with the exception of part of the average hydrocarbon fraction recycled to the preliminary preparation stage for use as a hydrocarbon-containing solvent of the feedstock, are mixed and sent for further processing.
  • the total amount of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon fractions is 419.2 kg (47.2% of the weight of the waste).
  • the solid residue is discharged, in an enclosed space, it is purged with air to blow off associated gases and cooled, after which it is sent to the stage emission of carbon-containing product, where the separation of steel cord
  • Losses are 5.5 kg or 0.5% of the weight of the waste. After purging, air and hydrocarbon-containing gas are sent to combustion to heat the hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is sent to the thermal decomposition stage in the furnace.
  • Example 4 The composition of the treated waste according to example 3 is subjected to preliminary preparation, for which the raw material is purged with a hydrocarbon-containing gas in a closed volume to blow off the air contained in the treated waste, after which they are sent for impregnation with a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature of 16O 0 C for 20 minutes.
  • Prepared raw materials are fed to the stage of thermal decomposition in a tunnel-type furnace, which also contains hydrocarbon-containing gas preheated to 500 0 C.
  • a heated hydrocarbon-containing gas medium the treated waste is heated to a temperature of 46O 0 C, and complete thermal treatment takes place within 60 minutes decomposition of waste with the formation of a gas-vapor mixture and a solid residue.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is sent to a three-stage fractionation.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 36O 0 C with subsequent separation of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction
  • in the second stage the remaining gas-vapor mixture is cooled to 16O 0 C with the subsequent separation of the middle hydrocarbon fraction, part of which is recycled to the preliminary preparation stage for use as a hydrocarbon-containing solvent raw materials.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of minus 1O 0 C, followed by the isolation of a light hydrocarbon fraction and the formation of 110 kg (10% of the waste weight) of a hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is divided into four streams, one of which is sent to combustion to heat a second stream of hydrocarbon-containing gas to a temperature of 500 0 C with its direction to the stage of thermal decomposition in the furnace, the third stream - to periodically purge the initial waste to the stage of preliminary waste preparation, and the fourth to the consumer.
  • the separated hydrocarbon fractions with the exception of part of the average hydrocarbon fraction recycled to the preliminary preparation stage for use as a hydrocarbon-containing solvent of the feedstock, are mixed and sent for further processing.
  • the total amount of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon fractions is 419.2 kg (47.2% of the weight of the waste).
  • the solid residue is discharged, it is blown in an enclosed space to blow off associated gases and cooled, after which it is sent to the stage of carbon-containing product separation, where metal cord (165 kg or 15% of the waste weight) is separated from carbon black (300.3 kg or 27.3% of the weight of the waste).
  • Losses are 5.5 kg or 0.5% of the weight of the waste.
  • Example 5 Processing is subjected to a mixture of 1000 kg of whole tires filled with 500 kg
  • the waste is subjected to preliminary preparation, for which it is purged with a hydrocarbon-containing gas in a closed volume to blow off the air contained in the treated waste, after which it is sent for impregnation with a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature of 18 ° C for 25 minutes.
  • the prepared raw materials are fed to the stage of thermal decomposition in a rotor-sector type furnace, which also contains hydrocarbon-containing gas preheated to 500 0 C.
  • a heated hydrocarbon-containing gas medium the processed waste is heated to a temperature of 45O 0 C, and within 60 minutes of being in the furnace complete thermal decomposition of waste with the formation of a gas-vapor mixture and a solid residue.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is sent to a three-stage fractionation.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 35O 0 C followed by separation of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction, in the second stage the remaining gas-vapor mixture is cooled to 18O 0 C with the subsequent separation of the middle hydrocarbon fraction, part of which is recycled to the preliminary preparation stage for use as a hydrocarbon-containing solvent raw materials.
  • the gas-vapor mixture is cooled to a temperature of 2O 0 C, followed by the isolation of a light hydrocarbon fraction and the formation of 162 kg (10.8% of the waste weight) of a hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is divided into four streams, one of which is sent to combustion to heat a second hydrocarbon-containing stream gas to a temperature of 500 0 C with its direction to the stage of thermal decomposition in the furnace, the third stream - to periodically purge the initial waste to the stage of preliminary waste treatment, and the fourth to the consumer.
  • the separated hydrocarbon fractions with the exception of part of the average hydrocarbon fraction recycled to the preliminary preparation stage for use as a hydrocarbon-containing solvent of the feedstock, are mixed and sent for further processing.
  • the total amount of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon fractions is 630 kg (42% of the waste weight).
  • the solid residue is discharged, it is blown with air to blow off associated gases and cooled, after which it is sent to the stage of carbon-containing product separation, where metal is separated (255 kg or 17% of the waste weight) from carbon black (450 kg or 30% of the weight of the processed waste). Losses are 3 kg (0.2% of the weight of the waste).
  • air and hydrocarbon-containing gas are sent to combustion to heat the hydrocarbon-containing gas, which is sent to the thermal decomposition stage in the furnace.
  • the first version of the installation is used for the processing of crushed rubber-containing or a mixture of rubber-containing and polymer waste.
  • the installation (Fig. 1) contains an inclined furnace for the thermal decomposition of waste tunnel type 1 with feed units for pre-prepared waste 2 and heated hydrocarbon-containing gas 3, units for venting the gas mixture 4 and solid residue 5, equipped with a conveying device
  • a preliminary waste preparation unit containing a ground waste bin 9 connected to a lock chamber 10, equipped with shutters with a drive at the inlet 11 and at the outlet 12 and gas supply units for purging 13 and gas outlet after purging 14.
  • the lock chamber 10 is connected to the waste impregnation chamber with a hydrocarbon solvent 15 with supply units 16 and solvent removal 17, a vapor removal unit 18 and a waste disposal unit after impregnation 19, equipped with a screw conveyor 20 with a screw drive 21 and connected to the unit for supplying pre-prepared waste 2 of the furnace 1.
  • the conveying device 6 in the furnace 1 can be made in the form of a screw, for example, a screw-shaped one, in the form of a spiral, etc., however, it is preferable to use the device in the form of blades mounted on a shaft 7 with a drive 8 with an angle of attack directed in the direction of rotation of the shaft 7 driven by a drive 8, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the installation also contains a hydrocarbon-containing gas heating unit, consisting of a furnace 22 with a gaseous fuel supply unit (including a hydrocarbon-containing gas generated during the processing of waste and gases after purging) into the furnace 23 and a hot coolant removal unit 24 and a heater 25 with supply units hot coolant 26 connected to the node for the removal of hot coolant 24 of the furnace 22, exhaust flue gases 27, the supply of hydrocarbon-containing gas for heating 28 and the removal of heated hydrocarbon-containing gas 29, with union of a supply unit 3 of the heated hydrocarbon-containing gas of the furnace 1.
  • a gaseous fuel supply unit including a hydrocarbon-containing gas generated during the processing of waste and gases after purging
  • the installation also contains a vapor-gas mixture fractionation system containing a first-stage condenser 30, the input of which is connected to the exhaust gas-vapor mixture assembly 4 of the furnace 1 by means of a vapor-gas mixture pipeline 31, and the outlet is connected to the first-stage separator 32 with heavy hydrocarbon fraction 33 and secondary vapor-gas mixture discharge pipelines 34, connected to the input of the condenser of the second stage 35, the output of which is connected to the separator of the second stage 36, equipped with a recirculation system of the middle hydrocarbon fraction 37, which can t be equipped with a pumping device 38, which can be used as a gear pump connected to the supply units 16 and the outlet 17 of the solvent of the waste impregnation chamber 15, the discharge pipe of the middle hydrocarbon fraction 39 and the discharge pipe of the tertiary gas mixture 40 into the condenser of the third stage 41, the outlet of which is connected to a separator of the third stage 42 with a pipeline for removal of a light hydrocarbon-containing fraction 43 and a
  • the pipelines for the discharge of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction 33, the middle hydrocarbon fraction 39 and the light hydrocarbon fraction 43 can be connected to a storage tank 44, which can be equipped with an installation, from where the mixture of fractions is sent for further processing to obtain marketable products.
  • the installation also contains a carbon-containing product separation system consisting of a solid residue collector 47, a sluice receiver 48, the inlet of the collector 47 being connected to a solid residue removal unit 5 of the furnace 1, and the output to a sluice receiver 48 provided with an upper 49 and lower 50 shutters with a drive, gas supply units for purging 51 and gas outlet after purging 52 with a gas pipeline after purging 53, and a cooling jacket 54 with supplying and discharging refrigerant, a device for transporting solid residue 55 and a separation unit for metal cord, and those carbon black 56, which can be used as a magnetic separator, connected, for example, with a press for steel cord 57 and a capacity of carbon black 58.
  • the hydrocarbon-containing gas pipeline 45 is connected to a gas supply unit for purging 51 of the gateway receiver 48, with a gaseous fuel supply unit 23 to the furnace 22, a hydrocarbon-containing gas supply unit for heating 28 of the heater 25, and a gas supply unit for purging 13 of the lock chamber 10.
  • Gas supply units the purge 13 of the lock chamber 10 and 51 of the lock receiver 48 are provided with air supply pipes 59 and 60, respectively.
  • the nodes of the gas outlet after purging 14 of the lock chamber 10 and 52 of the lock receiver 48 are connected to the node for supplying gaseous fuel 23 to the furnace 22 through pipelines 61 and 53, respectively.
  • the site of removal of vapors 18 from the chamber of impregnation of waste 15 is connected to the pipeline of the gas-vapor mixture 31. Vapors formed in the screw conveyor 20 of the node of the waste after impregnation 19 are also sent to the pipeline of the gas-vapor mixture 31.
  • the installation can also be used for processing solid tires up to a diameter of 1150 mm, and only the units for the preliminary preparation of the waste and the supply of the previously prepared waste to the thermal decomposition furnace are structurally changed.
  • the entire system is purged with natural gas.
  • the lock chamber 10 is blown with air to prevent any gases in the lock chamber from being emitted into the atmosphere before the treated waste is fed into it.
  • Pre-cleaned and shredded waste is fed to the preliminary waste preparation unit: first, to the shredded waste bunker 9, from where, under the action of its own weight, when the shutter with actuator 11 is open and the shutter with actuator 12 is closed, they enter the lock chamber 10.
  • the sluice chamber is again purged with air supplied through pipeline 59 through the gas supply unit to the purge 13 and discharged through the gas exhaust unit after the purge 14 through the pipe 61.
  • any liquid hydrocarbon fraction with a boiling point of no higher than 22O 0 C for example, diesel fuel
  • a part of the medium-sized medium obtained from the process of thermal decomposition of waste gas-vapor mixture hydrocarbon fraction with a temperature of up to 22 0 0 C.
  • thermal decomposition begins for at least 15 minutes.
  • the thermal decomposition of the waste being treated in the furnace 1 is carried out in a medium of hydrocarbon containing gas supplied to the furnace 1 at a temperature of 400-500 0 C, this is accompanied by heating of the waste to 320-460 0 C
  • a tunnel-type inclined furnace equipped with a conveying device, for example, a screw-shaped screw.
  • a conveying device can be used in the form of 8 blades mounted on a shaft 7 with a drive with an angle of attack directed to the direction of rotation of the shaft 7 driven into rotation drive 8.
  • the vapor-gas mixture formed in the process of thermal decomposition of waste through the vapor-gas mixture withdrawal unit 4 is discharged from the furnace 1 and fed to the vapor-gas mixture fractionation system through the vapor-gas mixture pipeline 31.
  • the resulting vapors are also discharged into the pipeline 31 from the chamber 15 through the vapor removal unit 18.
  • the vapor-gas mixture passes sequentially the condenser of the first stage 30, where it is cooled to 300-36O 0 C, enters the separator of the first stage 32, in which the heavy hydrocarbon fraction is separated and from which the heavy hydrocarbon fraction is removed, which is sent for further processing, and the secondary gas-vapor mixture via line 34 is fed to the condenser of the second stage 35 where it is cooled to a temperature not higher than 22O 0 c followed by the separation in the second stage separator 36, the middle hydrocarbon fraction, wherein part of the system through retsir of the middle hydrocarbon fraction 37 through an installed gear pump 38 is fed through the solvent supply unit 16 to the waste impregnation chamber 15, and then removed from it through the solvent removal unit 17 and again fed to the second stage separator 36.
  • the remaining part of the middle hydrocarbon fraction is discharged through the pipeline 39 .
  • the separated in separator tertiary gas-vapor mixture supplied through conduit 40 to condenser 41, the third stage, where it is cooled to a temperature below 3O 0 C and fed to the third stage separator 42 into a torus separates light hydrocarbon fraction from the hydrocarbon-containing gas, which centrifugal fan 46 is withdrawn via line 45 for further use.
  • the separated light hydrocarbon fraction through pipeline 43 is sent for further processing or fed to storage tank 44, from where it is also sent for further processing.
  • the separated heavy and medium hydrocarbon fractions are also fed into the storage tank 44, and a mixture of hydrocarbon fractions is sent for further processing.
  • the solid residue formed in the furnace 1 is discharged through the solid residue 5 discharge unit to the collector 47.
  • a gateway receiver 48 is used. With the upper 49 and lower 50 shutters with actuators closed, the gateway receiver 48 purged with a hydrocarbon-containing gas supplied through a pipe 45 through a gas supply unit for a purge 51 and discharged through a gas outlet after a purge 52 through a gas pipe after a purge 53, then open the upper gate 49 of the airlock ika 48 filled with the hydrocarbon-containing gas and the overload solid residue collector 47 of the gateway receiver 48. Close the upper flap 49.
  • the sluice receiver 48 provided with a cooling jacket 54, allowing to cool the solid residue.
  • the gateway receiver 48 is started to be purged with air supplied through a pipeline 60 through a gas supply unit to a purge 51 and discharged through a gas exhaust unit after a purge 52 through a pipe 53.
  • the lower shutter 50 is opened. It is freed from hydrocarbon-containing gases and cooled the solid residue by means of the device for transporting solid residue 55 is fed to the separation unit of the steel cord and carbon black 56, from where the steel cord is sent under the press 57, carbon black into the carbon black tank 58, and from there, for example, to the sorbent production workshop.
  • a unit for heating a hydrocarbon-containing gas is provided in the installation.
  • natural gas and at subsequent processing cycles, a part of the hydrocarbon-containing gas generated during the waste processing, is fed through the pipeline 45 through the gaseous fuel supply unit 23 to the furnace 22. Gases are also fed there after purging the lock chamber 10 and the lock receiver 48 through pipelines 61 and 53, respectively.
  • the hot heat carrier from the furnace 22 through the hot heat carrier outlet 24 is supplied to the heater 25 through the hot heat carrier 26.
  • a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing gas generated during waste processing is piped 45 through the hydrocarbon-containing gas supply to the heater 25, from where the hydrocarbon-containing gas gas heated to 400-500 0 c is fed through the assembly heated hydrocarbon-containing gas outlet 29 connected to the supply unit 3 of the heated hydrocarbon-containing gas into the furnace 1.
  • the exhaust flue g PS through flue gas outlet assembly 27 is withdrawn from the heater 25 and, after filtration, thrown into the atmosphere.
  • the second variant of the installation is intended for the processing of solid spent automobile tires or solid rubber-containing waste filled with crushed rubber-containing and / or polymeric waste.
  • the installation contains a furnace for thermal decomposition of waste 1 with nodes for supplying pre-prepared waste 2 and heated hydrocarbon-containing gas 3, nodes for removing the gas-vapor mixture 4 and solid residue 5, made of rotor-sector type and mounted on a horizontal shaft with a step drive (not shown), a preliminary waste preparation unit containing a lock chamber 10, equipped with shutters with a drive at the inlet 11 and at the outlet 12 and gas supply units for the purge 13 and gas outlet after the purge 14.
  • the chamber 10 is connected to the waste impregnation chamber with a hydrocarbon solvent 15 with the supply units 16 and the solvent outlet 17, the vapor removal unit 18 and the waste disposal unit after the impregnation 19 connected to the pre-prepared waste supply unit 2 of the furnace 1.
  • the impregnation chamber 15 is equipped with a waste pusher 62 s drive (not shown in the drawing).
  • the installation also contains a hydrocarbon-containing gas heating unit, consisting of a furnace 22 with gaseous fuel supply units (including hydrocarbon-containing gas generated during the processing of waste and gases after purging) into the furnace 23 and the removal of hot coolant 24 and the heater 25 with hot supply units the coolant 26 connected to the node for the removal of the hot coolant 24 of the furnace 22, the exhaust flue gases 27, the supply of hydrocarbon-containing gas for heating 28, and the outlet of the heated hydrocarbon-containing gas 29, with the unit for supplying hydrocarbon-containing gas 3 of the furnace 1.
  • gaseous fuel supply units including hydrocarbon-containing gas generated during the processing of waste and gases after purging
  • the installation also contains a vapor-gas mixture fractionation system containing a first-stage condenser 30, the input of which is connected to the exhaust gas-vapor mixture assembly 4 of the furnace 1 by means of the vapor-gas mixture pipeline 31, and the outlet is connected to the first-stage separator 32 with the heavy hydrocarbon fraction 33 and secondary vapor-gas mixture discharge pipelines 34, connected to the input of the condenser of the second stage 35, the output of which is connected to the separator of the second stage 36, equipped with a recirculation system of the middle hydrocarbon fraction 37, which can be provided with a device for perekachkiZ ⁇ , as which may be used in a gear pump, connected to the supply node 16 and drain 17 of the chamber 15 waste solvent impregnation, average discharge conduit 39 and the hydrocarbon fraction outlet duct 40 of the tertiary gas mixture in a condenser of the third stage 41, the output of which is connected to the separator of the third stage 42 with the discharge pipe of the light hydrocarbon fraction 43 and the pipeline of the hydro
  • the installation also contains a carbon-containing product separation system consisting of a solid residue collector 47, a sluice receiver 48, the inlet of the collector 47 being connected to a solid residue removal unit 5 of the furnace 1, and the output to a sluice receiver 48 provided with an upper 49 and lower 50 shutters with a drive, gas supply units for purging 51 and gas outlet after purging 52 with a gas pipeline after purging 53, and a cooling jacket 54 with supplying and discharging refrigerant, a device for transporting solid residue 55 and a separation unit for metal cord, and those nical carbon 56, as a magnetic separator which can be used connected, for example, to press the steel cord 57 and the container 58 of carbon black.
  • a carbon-containing product separation system consisting of a solid residue collector 47, a sluice receiver 48, the inlet of the collector 47 being connected to a solid residue removal unit 5 of the furnace 1, and the output to a sluice receiver 48 provided with an upper 49 and lower 50 shutters with a drive
  • the hydrocarbon-containing gas pipeline 45 is connected to a gas supply unit for purging 51 of the gateway receiver 48, with a gaseous fuel supply unit 23 to the furnace 22, a hydrocarbon-containing gas supply unit for heating 28 of the heater 25, and a gas supply unit for purging 13 of the lock chamber 10.
  • Gas supply units the purge 13 of the lock chamber 10 and 51 of the lock receiver 48 are provided with air supply pipes 59 and 60, respectively.
  • the site of the removal of vapors 18 from the chamber for soaking waste 15 is connected to the pipeline vapor-gas mixture 31.
  • the installation can also be used for the processing of crushed waste, and only the units for the preliminary preparation of the waste and the supply of the previously prepared waste to the thermal decomposition furnace are structurally changed.
  • the entire system is purged with natural gas. Then, with the shutters with actuators 11 and 12 closed, the lock chamber is blown with air to prevent any gases in the lock chamber from being released into the atmosphere before the treated waste is fed into it.
  • Spent whole automobile tires, or tires filled with crushed rubber-containing and / or polymer waste, are fed to the preliminary waste preparation unit: first, into the lock chamber 10 through the open shutter with actuator 11 with the shutter closed with actuator 12.
  • the shutter 11 at the inlet of the lock chamber is closed.
  • natural gas is supplied through the gas supply unit to the purge 13 through the gas supply unit for purging 13 to blow air from the processed waste products, to prevent air oxygen from entering the furnace for thermal decomposition of waste 1.
  • a hydrocarbon-containing gas is used for purging formed during the processing of waste. Gases are removed from the airlock chamber 10 through a gas outlet after purging 14.
  • the shutter 12 After releasing the processed waste from gases, open the shutter 12 at the outlet of the airlock chamber 10 and transfer the waste to the waste impregnation chamber 15 in a hydrocarbon solvent with a temperature up to 22O 0 C, which is fed into the chamber 15 through the solvent supply unit 16, and discharged through the solvent removal unit 17.
  • the damper 12 is closed.
  • the sluice chamber 10 is again purged with air supplied through the pipeline 59 through the gas supply unit to the purge 13 and discharged through the gas exhaust unit after the purge 14 through the pipeline 61.
  • diesel fuel is supplied to the chamber 15 as a hydrocarbon solvent, and in subsequent cycles, a part of the middle hydrocarbon fraction separated from the gas-vapor mixture formed during the thermal decomposition of waste with a temperature of up to 22O 0 C. After the waste has been left in the impregnation chamber 15, for at least 15 minutes, their thermal decomposition begins.
  • the prepared waste under the action of a waste pusher 62 with a drive located in the impregnation chamber 15, through the waste disposal unit after the impregnation 19, connected to the supply unit of pre-prepared waste 2 is fed to the waste thermal decomposition furnace 1, made in the form of a rotor-sector type furnace, and mounted on a horizontal shaft with a step drive, into which also through the heated hydrocarbon-containing gas supply unit 3 in the process of starting the first cycle of the installation natural gas is heated up to 400-500 0 C, and in subsequent cycles a hydrocarbon-containing gas formed after the separation of liquid hydrocarbon-containing fractions from the gas-vapor mixture obtained in the process of thermal decomposition, and heated up to 400-500 0 C.
  • Thermal decomposition of the treated waste in furnace 1 is conducted in a hydrocarbon-containing gas medium entering furnace 1 with a temperature of 400-500 0 C, while the waste is heated to 320-460 0 C.
  • the operation of the stepper drive of the furnace for thermal decomposition of waste 1 is synchronized with the operation of the drive of the waste plunger 62 of the impregnation chamber 15.
  • the first sector of the furnace 1, loaded with waste after impregnation, rotates and advances the processed waste towards each solid residue removal unit 5 of the furnace 1, through which the last sector in the direction of rotation of the furnace is unloaded. After unloading, the sector is ready to accept a new portion of pre-prepared waste. Through node 5, the solid residue enters the collection 47.
  • the vapor-gas mixture formed in the process of thermal decomposition of waste through the steam-gas mixture removal unit 4 is discharged from the furnace 1 and fed into the fractionation system of the vapor-gas mixture through the vapor-gas mixture pipeline 31.
  • the further operation of the installation is similar to the operation of the installation for the processing of rubber waste according to the first embodiment.
  • the use of the proposed group of inventions makes it possible to utilize rubber-containing and polymer wastes, including worn-out automobile tires, and to process them into materials suitable for further use while reducing the energy intensity of waste processing and ensuring environmental cleanliness of production through the use of the pre-impregnation process with hydrocarbon solvent, heating the waste in the furnace by direct contact with a gas coolant, also due to the closure of the process and the absence of non-utilized processing products.

Abstract

Selon cette invention, un procédé de transformation de déchets caoutchoutés ou d'un mélange de déchets caoutchoutés et de déchets polymères permet de recycler les déchets entiers et/ou broyés et de les transformer en mode continu en des produits pouvant être utilisés ultérieurement, tout en assurant une faible consommation d'énergie et le respect de l'environnement dans le cadre du procédé, grâce à l'utilisation d'un processus en circuit fermé et à l'absence de produits de transformation non recyclables. Le procédé comprend les stades de préparation préalable des déchets, de décomposition thermique dans le four avec séparation des produits de décomposition en un mélange gaz / vapeur et de résidu solide, d'extraction de phase liquide à partir du mélange gaz / vapeur, avec formation de gaz carboné, et un stade d'extraction de produit carboné à partir du résidu solide. Au stade de préparation préalable, les déchets entiers et/ou broyés sont nettoyés par soufflage avec un gaz carboné puis imprégnés d'un solvant hydrocarboné à une température inférieure ou égale à 220 °C. Le stade de décomposition thermique dans le four est effectué dans le milieu de gaz hydrocarboné chauffé à 400-500 °C, et l'extraction de la phase liquide à partir du mélange gaz / vapeur se fait en trois stades, avec l'extraction de la fraction hydrocarbonée lourde, de la fraction hydrocarbonée moyenne et le recyclage d'une de ses parties à un stade de préparation préalable des déchets visant leur utilisation en tant que solvant hydrocarboné, et une fraction hydrocarbonée légère; le résidu solide, avant le stade d'extraction du produit carboné, est soumis au nettoyage par soufflage et au refroidissement. Le gaz hydrocarboné formé après l'extraction de la phase liquide à partir du mélange gaz / vapeur est réinjecté dans le circuit. L'invention décrit deux variantes d'installations utilisant des fours de décomposition thermique, de type à tunnel ou de type à rotors segmentés.
PCT/RU2006/000250 2005-05-19 2006-05-19 Procede de transformation de dechets caoutchoutes ou d'un melange de dechets caoutchoutes et polymeres et installation de mise en oeuvre du procede WO2006123970A2 (fr)

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RU2005115198A RU2291168C1 (ru) 2005-05-19 2005-05-19 Способ переработки резиносодержащих отходов и установка для его осуществления (варианты)
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RU2460743C2 (ru) * 2010-05-21 2012-09-10 Кирилл Зыськович Бочавер Процесс и установка по переработке резиносодержащих отходов
RU2456236C1 (ru) * 2011-02-09 2012-07-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Оренбургский государственный университет" Способ получения сорбента органических соединений
RU2455231C1 (ru) * 2011-02-14 2012-07-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Оренбургский государственный университет" Способ получения сорбента органических соединений
RU2659247C1 (ru) * 2017-03-20 2018-06-29 Сергей Павлович Сусеков Способ переработки резиносодержащих отходов

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CN104174346B (zh) * 2013-05-27 2016-01-20 任相坤 一种液体残渣的成型工艺及成型装置

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