Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
  • C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/285—Nitrogen containing compounds
  • C08G18/2865—Compounds having only one primary or secondary amino group; Ammonia
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/288—Compounds containing at least one heteroatom other than oxygen or nitrogen
  • C08G18/289—Compounds containing at least one heteroatom other than oxygen or nitrogen containing silicon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/48—Polyethers
  • C08G18/4854—Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/71—Monoisocyanates or monoisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/718—Monoisocyanates or monoisothiocyanates containing silicon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09J175/04—Polyurethanes

Definitions

• Aqueous, storage-stable emulsion of ⁇ -silyl terminated polymers their preparation and use
• the present invention relates to aqueous, storage-stable emulsions of ⁇ -silyl-terminated polymers, their preparation and use as adhesives, sealants and coating compositions.
• Silyl-terminated, moisture-curing polymer compositions are increasingly being used as coating, sealing and adhesive compounds in construction and in the automotive industry.
• high demands are placed on the extensibility and adhesion as well as on the curing speed.
• silyl-terminated polymers often have water-repellent properties which impart excellent water resistance and heat resistance to the sealing, coating or adhesive compositions produced therefrom.
• alkoxysilane-terminated polymers which are used as soft elastic sealing, coating and adhesive compositions.
• EP-B 0 549 626 describes alkoxysilyl-terminated, moisture-curing, one-component polyurethanes which are used, for example, as joint-sealing compounds.
• the disclosed compounds exhibit rapid skin formation and rapid tack-free, even after prolonged storage.
• a disadvantage of the compounds described, however, is that they must be stored in the absence of moisture and there is a risk of irreversible property changes over a longer storage period.
• US 5 919 860 and US 5 041 494 describe aqueous polyurethane dispersions for coatings containing alkoxysilanes.
• the polyurethanes are here modified with ionic groups.
• the emulsions described mostly have a low solids content. If such emulsions are used for the bonding of absorbent materials, the high water content leads to a high load of the substrate with water. For example, this can lead to unwanted changes in the shape of the substrate in the case of paper bonds.
• WO 91/08244 relates to stone preservatives containing alkoxysilyl-terminated polyurethanes.
• the polymer contents of the emulsions described are very low, and are between 5 and 30% by weight.
• the emulsions described are useful neither as surface-coating agents in the sense of producing mechanically load-bearing coatings nor as sealants or adhesives.
• solids content is understood in the following to mean the percentage by weight of the emulsion components less the weight fraction of water contained in the emulsion, based on the total weight of the emulsion.
• R 1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 2 and R 3 are independently a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 4 and R 6 are independently divalent organic compound groups
• R 5 is a hydrophobic divalent polymer residue
• R 7 is a radical CH 2 SiR 1 (OR 2 ) (OR 3 ), wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the above meaning or R 7 is a radical which gives the polymer of general formula (I) the property confers self-emulsification in water to form an oil-in-water emulsion; and wherein the emulsion has a pH of 2 to 11 and a solids content of 40 to 95 wt .-% based on the total weight of the emulsion, and the emulsion one or more anionic and / or nonionic Containing emulsifiers capable of forming an oil-in-water
• Such emulsions are obtainable by admixing the aqueous emulsion components to a mixture of the emulsifier (s) and the polymer or polymers of the general formula (I).
• R 1 is preferably methyl, ethyl, methoxy or ethoxy and R 2 and R 3 are preferably and independently of one another methyl or ethyl. More preferably R 1 is methyl or methoxy and R 2 and R 3 are methyl. Of these, if an increased reactivity and tendency to crosslink are desired, the trimethoxy compounds are preferred.
• R 4 and R 6 may independently represent any divalent linking groups.
• divalent as used throughout the present invention means that the corresponding moiety has valencies for the attachment of the two groups directly adjacent to the corresponding group, For example, for R 6 , this means each a valence for the bond to R 5 and R 7 has. Notwithstanding this, it is when R 6 is, however, also be a further branched radical. This applies analogously to the radicals R 4 and R 5.
• one of the simplest groups R 4 is formed when an isocyanate-terminated ⁇ -silane is bonded directly to a hydroxy-terminated polymer.
• the compound group R 4 is a urethane group.
• indirect linkages of the ⁇ -silane with the polymer backbone of the polymer of formula (I) come into consideration.
• the radical R 4 can also be formed from a compound molecule which is capable, on the one hand, of covalent reaction with a functional group of the ⁇ -silane and, on the other hand, of covalent reaction with the polymer backbone.
• diisocyanates may react with an aminosilane to form a urea group on the one hand and a hydroxy-terminated polymer to form a urethane group on the other hand, forming a divalent linking group R 4 containing urea and urethane groups.
• the comments made for the attachment of the ⁇ -silane apply equally to the group R 7 .
• Compound groups R 4 and R 6 containing urea and / or urethane groups are preferred in the present invention.
• the linking groups R 4 and R 6 may contain or be formed from any other functional group.
• ester groups or amide groups can also be involved in the attachment of the silane and / or the radical R 7 to the polymer backbone R 5 .
• the radicals R 4 and R 6 are a radical -NR 9 - (CO) -R 10 -, wherein the radical R 10 is bonded to R 5 , and R 9 is hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms; and R 10 is a single bond or a radical -NR 11 -R 12 -, wherein the radical R 12 is bonded to R 5 , and R 11 is hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms; and R 12 is a group -R 13 - (NH) r - (CO) - wherein r is 0 or 1, wherein R 13 is an alkylaryl group having 6 to 11 carbon atoms, an
• R 4 and R 6 independently of one another represent a group of the formula (II):
• R 5 is via the urethane group and R 14 is hydrogen, a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms.
• the radical R 5 is the divalent radical of a hydrophobic polymer.
• a hydrophobic polymer is meant a substantially water-insoluble polymer.
• R 5 is the divalent radical of a polyalkylene glycol, such as polypropylene glycol, for the divalent radical of a polytetrahydrofuran, polyester, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polycyanoacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyethers polyvinylacetate, polycaprolactam, polycaprolactone, polybutadiene, polyalkylene, such as polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, Polyacrylamids, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polysulfide, polyether ketone, epoxy resin, phenolformaldehyde resin, polyurethane, polysiloxane or a copolymer of monomers of said polymers, such as for the divalent radical of ethylene / ⁇ - Olefin copoly
• Copolymers are understood as meaning copolymers of any desired architecture comprising at least two different monomers based on the above polymers, such as, for example, block copolymers, random copolymers or gradient copolymers.
• Various polymer parts such as, for example, the individual blocks in block copolymers, can be linked via divalent organic compound groups. Suitable divalent organic compound groups include the abovementioned groups defined as R 4 and R 6 .
• hydrophilic monomers, oligomers or polymers can also be copolymerized into the radical R 5 as long as the overall hydrophobic characteristic of the polymer underlying the radical R 5 is retained.
• the molecular weight range of the underlying polymers can vary widely and is essentially unlimited. It depends mainly on the processability of the polymers. High-viscosity polymers can be made available to the processing, for example, by the addition of suitable solvents.
• a linking of these polymers with the silyl group or the radical R 7 via the connecting groups R 4 and R 6 is usually carried out via reactive ⁇ , ⁇ -terminal groups of the polymer. If, for example, the polymer has OH groups or NH 2 groups in the ⁇ , ⁇ position, this may be present, for example, with an NCO, halide, oxirane, acid anhydride or acid halide group of the silane or of the group R 7 on which the molecule is based or with corresponding groups the connection members R 4 and R 6 underlying compound molecules react.
• R 5 is preferably a divalent polyalkylene glycol radical, in particular polypropylene glycol radical, a polyester radical or a polytetrahydrofuran radical.
• the polyester and polytetrahydrofuran radicals are particularly preferred if the bonds which can be produced by means of the emulsions should also have high tensile shear strengths on nonporous substrates. With regard to long-term stabilities, the polyalkylene glycol-based polymers of the formula (I) are preferred.
• the emulsion according to the invention contains anionic and / or nonionic emulsifiers.
• the emulsifiers used must be suitable for the production of oil-in-water emulsions. According to the Römpp-Chemie-Lexikon (9th extended and revised edition, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, Vol. 3 (1995), page 1812-1813) are in this case essentially emulsifiers having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value ( HLB value) from 8 to 18.
• HLB value hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value
• An HLB value is a measure of the water or oil solubility of surfactants.
• the HLB value of a surfactant or emulsifier mixture can be calculated additively from the values of its constituents.
• anionic emulsifiers are alkyl sulfates, especially those having a chain length of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, alkyl and alkaryl ether sulfates containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms in the hydrophobic group and from 1 to about 40 ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) units, or mixtures thereof, in the hydrophilic part of the molecule, sulphonates, in particular alkyl sulphonates, having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, alkylarylsulphonates containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, taurides, esters and half esters of sulphosuccinic acid with monohydric alcohols or alkylphenols having from 4 to about 15 carbon atoms which may optionally be ethoxylated with from 1 to about 40 EO units, alkali and ammonium salts of carboxylic acids, for example of fatty acids or resin acids having from about 8 to about 32 carbon EO
• alkyl and alkaryl phosphates having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms in the organic radical, alkyl ether or alkaryl ether phosphates containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl or alkaryl radical and from 1 to about 40 EO units may also be used as anionic emulsifiers.
• the alkali metal salts of the alkyl ether sulfates are preferred.
• Particularly preferred anionic emulsifiers are Disponile (Cognis) of the FES series such as 32 IS, 993 IS, 77 IS and 61 IS.
• the anionic emulsifiers can be used individually or as mixtures of anionic emulsifiers or mixtures with nonionic emulsifiers.
• nonionic emulsifiers are polyvinyl alcohol, which for example contains from 5 to about 50%, for example from about 8 to about 20% acetate units and a degree of polymerization of from about 200 to about 5,000, alkylpolyglycol ethers, preferably those having from about 8 to about 40 EO units and alkyl radicals from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, preferably those having from about 8 to about 40 EO units and from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl or aryl radicals, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide (EO / PO) block copolymers, preferably those having about From 8 to about 40 EO or PO units, addition products of alkylamines having alkyl radicals of from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, fatty and resinic acids having from about 6 to about 32 carbon atoms, alkyl polyglycosides having linear or branched, saturated or
• nonionic emulsifiers are the alkoxylated, in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
• the Nonionic emulsifiers can be used individually or as mixtures of nonionic emulsifiers or mixtures with anionic emulsifiers.
• the alkali metal salts especially the sodium salt of C 12 / i 4 - fatty alcohol ether sulfates, alkylphenol ether sulfates, in particular their alkali metal or NH 4 salts, Na-n-dodecyl sulfate, di- K-Oleic acid sulfonate (Ci 8 ), Na-n-alkyl- (C 10 C 13 ) -benzenesulfonate, Na-2-ethylhexyl sulfate, NH 4 -lauryl sulfate (C 8/14 ), sodium lauryl sulfate (C 12 / i 4 ) , Na lauryl sulfate (C12 BR 6), Na lauryl sulfate (C12 / ⁇ ), sodium cetylstearyl sulfate (C 16 / ⁇ ), Na-
• Also usable are mixtures of nonionic and nonionic surfactants, mixtures of nonionic surfactants, alkylaryl ether phosphates and their acid esters, dihydroxystearic acid NH 4 -SaIz, iso-eicosanol, aryl polyglycol ether, glycerol monostearate.
• Particularly preferred nonionic emulsifiers are Disponile (Cognis) of the A series eg 3065 and 4065.
• nonionic emulsifiers or a mixture of one or more anionic emulsifiers with one or more nonionic emulsifiers.
• a particularly preferred group among the nonionic emulsifiers can be represented by the general formula (III)
• R 1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 2 and R 3 are independently a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 6 is a divalent organic compound group
• R 7 is a radical which gives the compound of the general formula (III) the property of acting as an oil-in-water emulsifier in water.
• R 7 is a radical derived from a compound having an HLB value of 8 to 18, preferably 8 to 15.
• R 7 is a radical - [propyleneoxy] n [ethyleneoxy] m -R 8 , where n, m and R 8 are chosen such that the HLB value of the corresponding amine H 2 N- [propyleneoxy] n [ethyleneoxy] m -R 8 is 8 to 15, and R 8 is an aliphatic radical, a hydroxy group or an amino group.
• reactive emulsifiers Since these emulsifiers in the curing reaction of adhesives, sealants and coating compositions by partial or complete hydrolysis of the alkoxy groups in the curing network can be installed, these can be referred to as reactive emulsifiers.
• the use of reactive emulsifiers is particularly preferred when using polyester- and polytetrahydrofuran-based polymers of the formula (I), although there is no restriction on these systems.
• the emulsifier content of the emulsions according to the invention is preferably less than 25% by weight, more preferably less than 20% by weight, more preferably less than 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the emulsion.
• the emulator content of the emulsion can be zero if the polymer of the general formula (I) used is a polymer in which the radical R 7 is a radical which corresponds to the polymer of the general formula (I ) imparts the property of self-emulsifying in water to form an oil-in-water emulsion.
• R 7 in formula (I) is a radical derived from a compound having an HLB value of 8 to 18, preferably 8 to 15.
• R 7 in formula (I) particularly preferably represents a radical - [propyleneoxy] n [ethyleneoxy] m -R 8 , where n, m and R 8 are chosen such that the HLB value of the corresponding amine H 2 N- [ Propyleneoxy] n [ethyleneoxy] m -R 8 has a value of 8 to 15, and R 8 is an aliphatic group, a hydroxy group or an amino group.
• Emulsions containing a polymer having such a radical R 7 generally have self-emulsifying properties and generally require no further anionic and / or nonionic emulsifiers.
• the present invention therefore also provides ⁇ -silyl-terminated polymers of the general formula (I):
• R 1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 2 and R 3 are independently a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 4 and R 6 are independently divalent organic compound groups
• R 5 is a hydrophobic divalent polymer backbone
• R 7 is a radical which imparts to the polymer of general formula (I) the property of self-emulsifying in water to form an oil-in-water emulsion
• R 7 in formula (I) is a radical derived from a compound having an HLB value of 8 to 18, preferably 8 to 15.
• R 7 in formula (I) particularly preferably represents a radical - [propyleneoxy] n [ethyleneoxy] m -R 8 , where n, m and R 8 are chosen such that the HLB value of the corresponding amine H 2 N- [ Propyleneoxy] n [ethyleneoxy] m -R 8 has a value of 8 to 15, and R 8 is an aliphatic group, a hydroxy group or an amino group.
• an emulsion and the polymer contained therein of the general formula (I) is provided, wherein R 1 is methyl, ethyl, methoxy or ethoxy, and R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are methyl or ethyl, R 4 and R 6 are independently a divalent linking group containing urea and / or urethane groups, R 5 is a divalent polytetrahydrofuran or polyester radical and R 7 is a radical - [propyleneoxy] n [ethyleneoxy] m -R 8 , wherein n, m and R 8 are selected so that the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the corresponding amine H 2 N- [propyleneoxy] n [ethyleneoxy] m -R 8 has a value of 8 to 15, and R 8 is an aliphatic group, a hydroxy group or an amino group.
• the emulsion of the present invention has a pH of from 2 to 11.
• a pH of from 3 to 10, more preferably from 4 to 9, and more preferably in the slightly acidic range of from 4 to 6 or 7 set Preferably, especially not to damage the substrate, a pH of from 3 to 10, more preferably from 4 to 9, and more preferably in the slightly acidic range of from 4 to 6 or 7 set.
• a pH of 4 to 7, more preferably 4 to 6 has been found to be advantageous.
• the pH can be stabilized using conventional buffering agents and adjusted with organic or inorganic acids and bases.
• the emulsions according to the invention may in addition to compulsory compounds of the general formula (I) and the nonionic and / or anionic emulsifiers one or contain several components as additives, which may optionally contribute to the solids content of 40 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 50 to 95 wt .-%, particularly preferably 70 to 95 or 80 to 95 wt .-%.
• additives include, for example, fillers, pigments, protective colloids, pH regulators such as organic and inorganic acids and bases, buffer substances, adhesion promoters such as low molecular weight silanes, tackifiers, catalysts, film formers, plasticizers, redox stabilizers, UV stabilizers or viscosity modifiers. Since the additives mentioned can have very different compositions, in order not to impair the stability of the emulsions according to the invention, those which are as inert as possible to the compulsory emulsion constituents are usually selected.
• the emulsion according to the invention may therefore contain up to about 70% by weight, for example about 30% by weight, of fillers.
• suitable fillers are inorganic compounds which are inert toward silanes, such as titanium dioxide, chalk, limestone, precipitated silica, fumed silica, zeolites, bentonites, ground minerals, glass beads, glass powder, glass fibers and glass fiber short cuts and other inorganic fillers known to the person skilled in the art, and also organic fillers. in particular fiber short cuts or hollow plastic balls.
• fillers can be used which impart thixotropy to the formulation, for example swellable plastics such as PVC.
• surface-modified fillers can also be used.
• organic and inorganic pigments can be used as pigments, provided that they do not destabilize the emulsion by interaction with the emulsion constituents.
• finely divided silica asils, such as R202, aeroxides, such as T05 or Sipernate, such as S22
• aeroxides such as T05 or Sipernate, such as S22
• the protective colloids there may be used, for example, polyvinyl alcohols (such as Mowiole's 5-88 or 4-88), methylcellulose and methylcellulose derivatives (such as culmininal), or polyvinylpyrrolidones and copolymers thereof with vinyl acetate (such as Luviskole's VA64, for example).
• polyvinyl alcohols such as Mowiole's 5-88 or 4-88
• methylcellulose and methylcellulose derivatives such as culmininal
• polyvinylpyrrolidones and copolymers thereof with vinyl acetate such as Luviskole's VA64, for example.
• all inorganic and organic acids and bases which do not adversely affect the stability of the emulsion according to the invention are suitable as pH regulators.
• basic pH values for example, sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide is suitable
• acidic pH values for example, with hydrochloric acid.
• the emulsion according to the invention optionally contains the pH regulators in an amount of up to about 10% by weight, for example about 1 to about 5% by weight or about 0.01 to about 1% by weight, based on the total emulsion .
• conventional buffer systems such as phosphate buffer or citrate buffer systems can be used.
• Suitable adhesion promoters are, for example, low molecular weight silanes having a molecular weight of less than about 200, which have one or more silane groups.
• the preparation according to the invention may contain up to about 50% by weight of conventional tackifiers.
• Suitable tackifiers include, for example, resins, terpene oligomers, coumarone / indene resins, aliphatic, petrochemical resins and modified phenolic resins.
• Hydrocarbon resins for example, which are obtained by polymerization of terpenes, principally pinene, dipentene or limonene, are suitable for the purposes of the present invention. The polymerization of these monomers is usually cationic with initiation with Friedel-Crafts catalysts.
• copolymers of terpenes and other monomers for example styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, isoprene and the like, are also counted among the terpene resins.
• the resins mentioned are used, for example, as tackifiers for pressure-sensitive adhesives and coating materials.
• terpene-phenolic resins prepared by acid catalyzed addition of phenols to terpene or rosin. Terpene-phenolic resins are soluble in most organic solvents and oils and are miscible with other resins, waxes and rubbers.
• rosin resins and their derivatives for example their esters or alcohols. Further examples can be found in WO 93/23490
• the preparation of the invention may further contain up to about 10% by weight of catalysts for controlling the rate of cure.
• Suitable catalysts are, for example, organometallic compounds such as iron or tin compounds suitable, in particular the 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds of iron or 2- or 4-valent tin, in particular the Sn (II) - carboxylates or dialkyl-Sn- ( IV) dicarboxylates or the corresponding dialkoxylates, for example dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate, dioctyltin diacetate, dibutyltin maleate, tin (II) octoate, tin (II) phenolate or the acetylacetonates of 2- or 4-valent tin.
• organometallic compounds such as iron or tin compounds suitable, in particular the 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds of iron or 2- or 4-valent tin, in particular the Sn (II) - carboxylate
• Suitable plasticizers include, for example, esters such as abietic acid esters, adipic acid esters, azelaic acid esters, benzoic acid esters, butyric esters, acetic acid esters, esters of higher fatty acids containing from about 8 to about 44 carbon atoms, esters containing OH groups or epoxidized fatty acids, fatty acid esters and fats, glycolic esters, phosphoric esters, phthalic acid esters 1 to 12 carbon atoms containing linear or branched alcohols, propionic acid esters, sebacic acid esters, sulfonic acid esters, thiobutyric acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, citric acid esters and esters based on nitrocellulose and polyvinyl acetate, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
• esters such as abietic acid esters, adipic acid esters, azelaic acid esters, benzoic acid esters, butyric esters,
• asymmetric esters of difunctional, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids for example the esterification product of Adipic acid monooctyl ester with 2-ethylhexanol (Edenol DOA, Fa. Henkel, Dusseldorf).
• plasticizers are the pure or mixed ethers of monofunctional, linear or branched C 4 . 16 -alcohols or mixtures of two or more different ethers of such alcohols, for example dioctyl ether (available as Cetiol OE, Henkel, Dusseldorf).
• end-capped polyethylene glycols or diurethanes can be used as plasticizers.
• the preparation according to the invention may further contain up to about 10% by weight, in particular up to about 1% by weight, of redox stabilizers or antioxidants.
• the inventive composition may contain up to about 5 wt .-%, for example about 1 wt .-% of UV stabilizers.
• UV stabilizers are the so-called hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS).
• HALS hindered amine light stabilizers
• the preparation according to the invention to contain a UV stabilizer which carries a silane group and is incorporated into the end product during crosslinking or hardening.
• UV stabilizer which carries a silane group and is incorporated into the end product during crosslinking or hardening.
• Particularly suitable for this purpose are the products Lowilite 75, Lowilite 77 (Great Lakes, USA).
• the present invention also provides a process for the preparation of the emulsions according to the invention, wherein initially a mixture of one or more polymers of the general formula (I)
• R 1 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 2 and R 3 are independently a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• R 4 and R 6 are independently divalent organic compound groups
• R 5 is a hydrophobic divalent polymer residue
• R 7 is a radical CH 2 SiR 1 (OR 2 ) (OR 3 ), wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the above meaning or R 7 is a radical which is the polymer of the general formula (I) Property confers self-emulsification in water to form an oil-in-water emulsion; with one or more anionic and / or non-ionic emulsifiers capable of forming an oil-in-water emulsion; and wherein, in the event that R 7 is a radical which imparts to the polymer of general formula (I) the property of emulsifying itself in water to form an oil-in-water emulsion
• the aqueous emulsion constituents are admixed with this mixture, with a pH of from 2 to 11, preferably from 3 to 10, more preferably from 4 to 9 and more preferably from 4 to 6 or 7 and a solids content of from 40 to 95% by weight. is adjusted based on the total weight of the emulsion. This results in a storage-stable oil-in-water emulsion.
• aqueous components such as water, buffers or aqueous pH regulators are added only after mixing the polymer or the polymers of formula (I) with the emulsifier or emulsifiers.
• Storage stability in the present invention is understood to be the property of the emulsions according to the invention to be storable at a temperature of 23 ° C. for at least 1 week, preferably for at least 2 weeks without segregation, and to produce adhesive composites after storage which, compared to the production of an adhesive composite, occur immediately after Preparation of the emulsion have a tensile shear strength corresponding to at least 20% of the tensile shear strength without storage.
• the emulsions according to the invention usually show considerably longer storage stabilities (no segregation after periods of 4 to 6 months) at significantly higher temperatures (40 ° C.).
• the value of the tensile shear strength of adhesive bonds made with emulsions stored for several weeks (for example 2 weeks) is more than 30%, usually more than 50% of the value without storage of the emulsion.
• the invention provides the use of the emulsions according to the invention for the production of adhesives, sealants, coating compositions and polymeric molding compositions or as adhesives, sealants, coating compositions and polymeric molding compositions.
• Particularly preferred is the use of such emulsions for the stated purposes, which contain the inventive self-emulsifying ⁇ -silyl-terminated polymer and / or the reactive emulsifier according to the invention.
• the novel emulsions are suitable for a broad field of applications in the field of surface coatings, adhesives and sealants.
• the novel emulsions are particularly suitable, for example, as contact adhesive, 1K adhesive, 2K adhesive, assembly adhesive, spray adhesive, glue stick, sealant, in particular joint sealant, and for surface sealing.
• the invention therefore also relates to the use of the emulsions according to the invention as an adhesive, sealant, surface coating, putty or for the production of moldings.
• emulsions according to the invention and the self-emulsifying ⁇ -silyl-terminated polymers according to the invention are suitable, for example, as adhesives for plastics, metals, mirrors, glass, ceramics, mineral substrates, wood, leather, textiles, paper, cardboard and rubber themselves or can be glued together.
• the emulsions according to the invention are formulated, for example, as spray adhesives.
• the inventive preparation is introduced together with a corresponding blowing agent in a corresponding spray cartridge.
• the emulsions according to the invention are formulated as a glue stick.
• appropriate thickening agents are added to the emulsions according to the invention.
• suitable thickening agents are Carbopol 672 (BF Goodrich), Softisan Gel (Contensio), Aerosil (Degussa), Sipernat (Degussa), Rilanit HT extra (Henkel), Rilanit spec. micro.
• novel emulsions and the self-emulsifying ⁇ -silyl-terminated polymers according to the invention are suitable, for example, as a sealant for plastics, metals, mirrors, glass, ceramics, mineral substrates, wood, leather, textiles, paper, cardboard and rubber, the materials each with can be sealed against each other or any.
• emulsions according to the invention and the self-emulsifying ⁇ -silyl-terminated polymers according to the invention can also be used, for example, as surface coating agents for surfaces of plastic, metal, glass, ceramic, mineral materials, wood, leather, textiles, paper, cardboard and rubber.
• the emulsions according to the invention and the self-emulsifying ⁇ -silyl-terminated polymers according to the invention are furthermore suitable for the production of moldings of any desired spatial form.
• a further field of application for the emulsions according to the invention and the self-emulsifying ⁇ -silyl-terminated polymers according to the invention is the use as dowel, perforated or cracked putty.
• Another object of the invention are an adhesive, a surface coating agent or a sealant, prepared using an inventive emulsion.
• PE polyethylene Liofol 2128
• lupranate MCI diphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate
• Geniosil XL 973 N-phenylaminomethyltrimethoxysilane
• PTHF 650 polytetrahydrofuran having an OH number of 175, available from BASF
• OPENTO 0 C and 3 mbar for 60 minutes under argon feed. It was then aerated with argon and allowed to cool to 60 0 C. Under argon transfer 319.07 g of lupranate MCI (diphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate) were added. It was heated for 10 minutes to a temperature of 75 0 C. After the exothermic reaction had subsided for 110 minutes at 75 0 C was stirred.
• MCI diphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate
• Geniosil XL 973 N-phenylaminomethyltrimethoxysilane
• the melt viscosity at 80 ° C is 3.4 Pa s (method cone / plate, Brookfield CAP 2000 Viscometer, Cone 6, 50 rpm, 25 sec.).
• PTHF 650 polytetrahydrofuran having an OH number of 179, available from BASF
• PEG 600 Polyethylene glycol 600 PU having an OH number of 186
• PE poly(polyester Liofol 218) and 50 g of Jeffamine M-2070 (methoxy poly (oxyethylene / oxypropylene) -2-propylamine) were dehydrated at 6O 0 C and 0.8 mbar for 30 minutes. The mixture was then aerated with nitrogen and 98.05 g of lupranate MCI (diphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate) were added under nitrogen transfer. After 60 minutes, C was cooled to 60 0th Then, 84.69 g of Geniosil XL 973 (N-phenylaminomethyltrimethoxysilane) was added. It was stirred for 1 hour at 80 0 C until quantitative conversion. Polymer E was still hot filled into coated aluminum tubes. The melt viscosity at 8O 0 C is 2.7 Pa s (method cone / plate, Brookfield CAP 2000 Viscometer, Cone 6, 50 rpm, 25 sec.).
• Ph phenyl
• oPh ortho-phenylene
• pPh para-phenylene
• PPG polypropylene glycol residue
• PE polyester residue
• PTHF polytetrahydrofuran radical
• PEG polyethylene glycol
• 10 g of the inventive polymer A, B, C or D are with the emulsifier or emulsifiers (see Table 2) and optionally other non-aqueous additives (amounts see Table 2) with a Speedmixer (DAC 150 FVZ, available from Hauschild ) is homogenized for 20 seconds at 2000 rpm. Subsequently, 1 g of buffer or if no buffer is used, water is added and stirred for a further 20 seconds. Then, the remaining buffer and / or the remaining water is added in portions, followed by stirring for 20 seconds, forming a homogeneous cream.
• DAC 150 FVZ available from Hauschild
• the optional additives may be added either at the beginning or subsequently, depending on the nature of the additive. Therefore, non-aqueous components may already be incorporated in the emulsifier-polymer mixture before aqueous components are added, while aqueous components are always added to the initially prepared emulsifier-polymer system.
• G fatty alcohol with 30 ethylene oxide units (Disponil A3065, Cognis);
• Buffer A potassium dihydrogen phosphate / disodium hydrogen phosphate (92: 8, 5% by weight in water);
• Buffer B disodium hydrogen phosphate (5 wt% in water) / citric acid (10 wt% in water)
• Buffer C potassium dihydrogen phosphate / disodium hydrogen phosphate (1: 1, 5% by weight in water);
• NaOH caustic soda (8% by weight);
• Kronos titanium dioxide (Kronos 1001, Kronos company);
• K30 polyvinylpyrrolidone (K30, Fluka, 40% strength by weight);
• Acusol polyacrylate (Acusol 801 S, Rohm / Haas, 2% strength by weight);
• Mowiol polyvinyl alcohol (Mowiol 4-98, Kuraray, 10% by weight);
• GF91 N-aminoethyl, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (GF91, Wacker);
• HPU polyurethane polymer (HPU DSX 1514, Cognis, 40 wt .-%);
• DBTL dibutyltin dilaurate (Tinstab BL277, Akzo);
• Dynasylan siloxane oligomer (Dynasylan HS 2627, Degussa); nb: not determined
• the samples were stored for different lengths of time at 23 0 C and 40 0 C in glass containers with airtight screw cap in a climatic chamber.
• the samples were visually inspected for emulsion stability.
• the emulsion was said to be storage stable if no visible phase separation was detectable and fluidity was not significantly different.
• Table 3 shows the storage times in weeks or months, in which no separation of the corresponding emulsion has taken place.
• the indicated times are minimum times.
• a shelf life of, for example, "1 week” only states that the emulsion was stable after 1 week of storage indicated in Table 3.
• the tensile shear strength of an adhesive bond produced by means of the emulsions was determined as parameters directly after preparation of the emulsion or after storage for 1 or 2 weeks at 25 ° C., as described below.
• test specimens 25 x 100 mm
• the surface to be bonded 25 x 100 mm
• the surface to be bonded 25 x 100 mm
• the test specimens are stored at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 7 days and are then treated with a Zwick tensile testing machine, model universal testing machine (type number 144501, force 10 kN) and beech wood specimens with an overlap of 20 mm length and 25 mm width and one speed of 15 mm / minute
• the resulting tensile shear strength is determined in N / mm 2 .
• Table 4 gives the ratio of the tensile shear strength of the adhesive composites prepared after storage of the emulsions in terms of the tensile shear strength of adhesive composites prepared immediately after preparation of the emulsions in "% of the initial value.”
• a value of 80% means that 80% of the tensile shear strength can be achieved using a stored emulsion compared to an emulsion used immediately.
• Table 3 Storage Stability / Minimum Time

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