WO2006119686A1 - Procede de selection dynamique de structure d'antenne reseau - Google Patents

Procede de selection dynamique de structure d'antenne reseau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006119686A1
WO2006119686A1 PCT/CN2006/000793 CN2006000793W WO2006119686A1 WO 2006119686 A1 WO2006119686 A1 WO 2006119686A1 CN 2006000793 W CN2006000793 W CN 2006000793W WO 2006119686 A1 WO2006119686 A1 WO 2006119686A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
array
array antenna
elements
antenna structure
array elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/000793
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tiezhu Xu
Feng Li
Shaoli Kang
Original Assignee
Shanghai Ultimate Power Communications Technology Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Ultimate Power Communications Technology Co., Ltd. filed Critical Shanghai Ultimate Power Communications Technology Co., Ltd.
Priority to US11/913,775 priority Critical patent/US20080278374A1/en
Publication of WO2006119686A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006119686A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
    • H01Q3/242Circumferential scanning
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to array antenna technology, and more particularly to a method of dynamically selecting an array antenna structure. Background technique
  • TD-SCDMA time division synchronous code division multiple access
  • base stations mostly use array antennas to perform reception and transmission of user signals.
  • the so-called array antenna is composed of a plurality of antenna elements according to a certain distribution manner, and is used for improving the performance of the antenna system in mobile communication.
  • Each antenna unit in the array antenna is a mutually independent unit, and each antenna unit is also called an array element.
  • Each antenna unit may adopt an omnidirectional antenna or a directional antenna, and the distribution of all antenna units may be linear, ring, planar or stereo.
  • the array antenna technology is to complete the reception and transmission of user signals in various environments by mutual cooperation between all antenna elements.
  • the base station uses an 8-array round-hook array antenna for receiving and detecting uplink signals.
  • the base station has limited processing capability
  • only a few antenna units can be used.
  • only 6 array elements or 4 array elements are used for receiving and detecting the uplink signal to ensure that the base station can work normally.
  • the number of array elements currently used is smaller than the total array element number of the array antenna, how to reasonably determine the array antenna structure is a very important problem.
  • FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b are uniform circular array antenna of 8 array elements
  • FIG. 1b is a new array antenna formed by the selected 6 array elements, and the labels 1 to 8 in the figure respectively Indicates the first few elements.
  • the receiving strength of the selected array element to the arriving signal needs to be considered when selecting the array element, so as to avoid shielding the received signal.
  • signal shielding is mainly It is related to the angle of arrival of the signal.
  • the receiver does not know the angle of arrival of the signal in advance, so that if the array element is not properly selected Some signals will be blocked and not received.
  • the arrival of the arrival signal is directly based on the existing array of fixed positions, the reception dead zone is likely to occur, gp: an area has been unable to receive the arriving signal, and the receiver system cannot be recovered. Source, not working properly. It can be seen that the fixed array antenna structure selection scheme can easily cause a blind spot of the received signal, that is, the receiver can not achieve correct reception and detection for a signal corresponding to a certain angle of arrival, thereby causing communication to fail.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for dynamically selecting an array antenna structure, which not only realizes simple and flexible, but also enables each array element to receive an arrival signal more reasonably, and improves the reliability of signal reception of the array antenna.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a method for dynamically selecting an array antenna structure, selecting a basic array antenna and determining a required number of array elements, and selecting and determining from all array elements of the basic array antenna
  • the number of array elements constitutes an array antenna structure, and the current array antenna structure is used for signal reception and detection.
  • the method further includes:
  • the basic array antenna is an array antenna of any form. Selecting a certain number of array elements is arbitrarily selected among all array elements of the basic array antenna; and when the basic array antenna is an 8-array uniform circular array antenna, the determining the determined number from the basic array antennas
  • the array element is specifically: arbitrarily select 6 array elements, or 4 array elements from all array elements of the 8 array element hook circular array antenna. The determination of the required number of elements is determined based on system processing power and/or current number of users.
  • the method further includes: determining one or more combination of array elements corresponding to different array elements, wherein the selecting the determined number of array elements is: selecting a combination of array elements.
  • the re-selecting a certain number of array elements to form a new array antenna structure is: selecting an array antenna structure composed of different array elements for different time slots in the same transmission time interval, or selecting a combination of the same array elements Array antenna structure.
  • the reselecting a determined number of array elements constitutes a new array antenna structure: Different time slots of different transmission time intervals select an array antenna structure composed of different array elements, or select an array antenna structure composed of the same array element combination.
  • the reselecting a determined number of array elements to form a new array antenna structure is: selecting an array antenna structure composed of the same array element combination for the same time slot of different transmission time intervals, or selecting an array composed of different array element combinations Antenna structure.
  • the method for dynamically selecting an array antenna structure comprises selecting a new array antenna structure from a selected basic array antenna structure and selecting a number of elements smaller than the total array element number, and the number of array elements is relatively fixed.
  • different array elements are selected to form different array antenna structures, which is not only simple and convenient to implement, but also more flexible, and can ensure that the entire array antenna is different for all.
  • the reception of the user signal at the angle of arrival that is, even if the array antenna structure of a certain time slot is shielded from the signal of a certain angle of arrival, the structure of the array antenna used changes with the change of the time slot, and appears
  • the shielding problem is correspondingly eliminated, so that each array element in the currently used array antenna can receive the arrival signal more reasonably, avoiding the blind area problem that may occur in the fixed array antenna structure, thereby significantly improving the performance of the base station system.
  • Improve the reliability of user signal reception in order to prevent certain signals from being received for a long time due to shielding, the coding and retransmission mechanisms in the communication system can be further cooperated, thereby completing the communication process more effectively and providing better services for users.
  • the existing array antenna structure used is arbitrary, for example: a linear array antenna, a uniform circular array antenna, etc. may be selected; the determination of the number of array elements may be based on system processing capability or user There are several options for the number, such as: 6 array elements, 5 array elements, etc. from the 8-element array antenna; the selection of the array elements can be arbitrary, for example: Select any 6 in the 8-element array antenna Array element; Which array antenna structure is used for different transmission time slots is also arbitrary, for example: Array antenna structure composed of 1st to 6th array elements, or 3rd to 8th array elements Array antenna structure and so on.
  • the method of the present invention is applicable to all communication systems that perform signal reception in an array.
  • the implementation of the method of the present invention is highly flexible, practical, and versatile, and has a wide range of applications and a variety of implementation forms.
  • FIG. 1a and lb are structural diagrams of an array antenna before and after an array antenna element change in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an 8-array uniform circular array antenna
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart showing the implementation of the method of the present invention.
  • the core idea of the present invention is: selecting a plurality of array elements from all array elements of the selected basic array antenna to form different array antenna structures, and dynamically selecting different array antennas according to changes in transmission time intervals and/or time slot positions.
  • the structure performs reception and detection of user signals.
  • the existing array antenna is used as a basic array antenna, and the existing array antenna refers to a 4-array, an 8-array, a 16-element linear array antenna, a circular array antenna, etc.;
  • the processing capability of the system and/or the number of users currently accessing first determine the number of array elements to be selected, and then determine which array elements to select, and select which array elements are arbitrary, for example: For a uniform array of 8 array elements The structure determines that 4 array elements should be selected, and 4 consecutive array elements can be selected, or 4 array elements can be selected at equal intervals, and 4 array elements can be selected at different intervals, etc.;
  • the meta-structure is also arbitrarily chosen and does not limit the order of selection of the optional array antenna structure.
  • the present invention is applicable to any communication system that receives user signals by an array antenna.
  • the following only takes the TD-SCDMA system as an example.
  • the basic array antenna used is an 8-array uniform circular array antenna, and a new array antenna structure is selected by using six array elements according to the processing capability of the system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an 8-array-equivalent circular array antenna.
  • reference numerals 1 to 8 denote a first array to an eighth array.
  • the reference point of the array antenna is a center, and the reference line is a center and a first
  • the array element labels are arranged counterclockwise.
  • the five-pointed star in Fig. 2 represents a source whose direction is described by ( ⁇ , ⁇ ), where ⁇ denotes the azimuth angle at which the signal arrives, ⁇ denotes the elevation angle at which the signal arrives, ⁇ , y, z in Fig. 2 Is a three-dimensional coordinate axis.
  • Indicates which array elements are selected such as: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, indicating the selection of the first array element to the sixth array element; 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8, indicating the selection of the first element Array element, second array element, third array element, fourth array element, sixth array element and eighth array element.
  • a new array antenna structure is formed by selecting n array elements from m array elements, the alternative combination should be species.
  • each time different array elements may be re-selected to form a new array antenna structure, or an array element combination table as shown in Table 1 may be generated in advance, and one serial number is selected each time. Then, the corresponding combination of array elements can be obtained, and then the selected array elements are combined to form a new array antenna structure.
  • each time slot of each transmission time interval adopts a combination of selected array elements , or the same array of elements in the same subframe or frame in each transmission time interval.
  • the array antenna structures of different time slots in the same transmission time interval may be the same or different; the array antenna structures of different time slots of different transmission time intervals may be the same or different.
  • each transmission time interval includes two frames, one frame is composed of two subframes, and each subframe has multiple time slots, usually, when the traffic is low Only one time slot in each subframe is occupied, and when the traffic is high, multiple time slots in one subframe are occupied.
  • the service occupies only one time slot of each subframe, which is equivalent to including four time slots related to the service in each transmission time interval. Then, in the specific operation, the same transmission time interval within the above, four combinations can be selected, for example: four combinations of 3, 7, 19, and 27 in Table 1 are selected, and each subframe or time slot adopts a combination, for example: a service correlation of the first subframe
  • the time slot adopts the third type of element combination
  • one service related time slot of the second subframe adopts the seventh type of element combination
  • one service related time slot of the third subframe adopts the 19th type of element combination
  • the fourth subframe A service-related time slot uses the 27th array element combination.
  • the same frame is combined in the same transmission time interval, for example, the first subframe and the second subframe are the same frame, and the third subframe and the fourth subframe are the same frame, then, Table 1 is selected.
  • the first subframe and the second subframe are combined by any one of the two
  • the third subframe and the fourth subframe are combined by the other of the two.
  • each subframe adopts a combination of array elements; or only four array elements may be selected.
  • Combining, using the same combination of array elements in the same subframe or time slot of two transmission time intervals for example, using a third combination of array elements in one service-related time slot of the first subframe of each transmission time intervals, for example, using a third combination of array elements in one service-related time slot of the first subframe of each transmission time interval A service-related time slot of the second subframe adopts a seventh type of element combination, a service-related time slot of the third subframe adopts a 19th type of element combination, and a service-related time slot of the fourth subframe adopts the 27th.
  • the combination of array elements of course, the same frame combination can be used for the same frame in two transmission time intervals.
  • the processing of two or more transmission time intervals is similar to the above scheme.
  • the specific processing flow of signal reception is as shown in FIG. 3, and the implementation premise of the method is: the basic array antenna has been selected, and the participation of the user signal is determined according to the processing capability of the system. The number of elements, and then the optional combination of elements has been determined.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 Arbitrarily selecting a combination of array elements, the receiver of the base station receives the user signal through an array antenna structure composed of the currently selected array of array elements.
  • Step 302 303 The receiver determines whether the transmission time interval or the time slot position changes. If yes, reselect the array element combination to form a new array antenna structure. Otherwise, return to step 302.
  • the upper layer can determine the demarcation point of the time transmission interval according to the service type of the user and the system clock, and notify the receiver of the transmission time interval. Then, the receiver can judge whether the transmission time interval changes. Similarly, the slot position is determined by the system frame structure, and the receiver can determine whether the slot position changes according to changes in the system clock.
  • the array antenna structures may be the same or different; for different time slots of different transmission time intervals, the array antenna structures may also be the same or different; for the same time slots of different transmission time intervals, the array antenna structure The same can be the same or different.
  • Step 304 The receiver receives and detects the arriving user signal by using the new array antenna structure composed of the combination of the array elements selected in step 302, and returns to step 302.
  • step 304 the array antenna structure composed of the newly selected array elements is used to receive and detect the signals of the corresponding time slots, and the processing of the signal by each time slot array antenna is Independent of each other, the combination of elements selected for each time slot may be the same or different.
  • the method for dynamically selecting an array antenna structure according to the present invention can be adapted to any communication system that uses an array antenna for reception.
  • the receiver can be basically Any suitable number of array elements are randomly selected from the array antennas for user signal reception and detection at different times. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Description

一种动态选择阵列天线结构的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及阵列天线技术, 尤指一种动态选择阵列天线结构的方法。 背景技术
在现有的时分同步码分多址(TD-SCDMA)系统中, 基站大都使用阵列 天线来完成用户信号的接收与发射。 所谓阵列天线是由多个天线单元按照一 定分布方式构成的, 用于提高移动通信中天线系统的性能, 阵列天线中的每 个天线单元是相互独立的单元, 每个天线单元也称作阵元, 每个天线单元可 以采用全向天线或定向天线, 所有天线单元的分布可以是直线型、 环型、 平 面型或立体型。 阵列天线技术就是通过所有天线单元之间的相互配合完成各 种环境下用户信号的接收与发送。一般来说,基站采用 8阵元的均勾圆形阵列 天线来进行上行信号的接收和检测, 但是, 在某些情况下, 比如基站处理能 力受限时, 就只能使用较少的天线单元比如仅采用 6阵元或 4阵元来进行上行 信号的接收和检测, 以保证基站能正常工作。 那么, 在当前采用的阵元数小 于阵列天线总阵元数时, 如何合理地确定阵列天线结构是非常重要的问题。
以 8阵元的阵列天线为例, 当釆用的阵元数小于 8时, 目前确定新阵列天 线结构的方法有两种: 一种是, 利用当前确定的阵元数重新构建新的阵列天 线; 另一种是, 从已有阵列天线结构中挑选确定数目的阵元形成新的阵列, 但基本不改变原有阵列天线的分布形式, 也就是说, 不改变所选阵元在原阵 列天线中的位置, 如图 la和图 lb所示, 图 la为 8阵元的均匀圆形阵列天线, 图 lb为挑选出的 6个阵元所形成的新阵列天线, 图中的标号 1〜8分别表示第几阵 元。
上述两种确定新阵列天线结构的方法各自存在不同的缺陷和问题: 对于 第一种方法, 由于要摒弃原有的阵列天线结构, 完全重建一个全新的阵列天 线结构, 不仅会带来操作上的困难和资源的浪费, 而且可能出现接收机在不 同情况下不能兼容的问题, 因此, 很难在实际中得到应用。
对于第二种方法, 虽然实现比较简单, 但在选择阵元时需要考虑所选阵 元对到达信号的接收强度, 以免造成对接收信号的屏蔽。 因为信号屏蔽主要 与信号的到达角度有关, 而无线环境下由于用户移动或者遮挡物变换使得信 号到达天线的方向总是在变化的, 接收机预先并不知道信号的到达角情况, 这样, 如果阵元选择不合适就会使一些信号被屏蔽, 接收不到。 换句话说就 是, 如果直接根据位置固定的已有阵元组成新阵列进行到达信号的接收, 很 容易出现接收盲区, gp : 某个区域一直不能收到到达的信号, 进而导致接收 机系统无法恢复信源、 无法正常工作。 可以看出, 固定的阵列天线结构选择 方案很容易造成接收信号的盲区, 即: 对应某个到达角的信号, 接收机一直 不能实现正确接收和检测, 从而导致通信无法正常进行。
发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种动态选择阵列天线结构的方 法, 不仅实现简单灵活, 而且能使每个阵元更合理地接收到达信号, 提高阵 列天线信号接收的可靠性。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的- 一种动态选择阵列天线结构的方法, 选定基本阵列天线并确定所需阵元 数, 从基本阵列天线的所有阵元中选出确定数目的阵元组成阵列天线结构, 并采用当前阵列天线结构进行信号的接收和检测, 该方法还包括:
判断接收信号的传输时间间隔和 /或时隙位置是否发生变化, 如果是, 则 从基本阵列天线的所有阵元中重新选出确定数目的阵元组成新阵列天线结 构, 并采用新阵列天线结构进行信号的接收和检测, 否则继续判断。
其中, 所述基本阵列天线为任意形式的阵列天线。 所述选出确定数目的 阵元是在基本阵列天线的所有阵元中任意选择;所述基本阵列天线为 8阵元均 匀圆形阵列天线时, 所述从基本阵列天线中选出确定数目的阵元具体为: 从 8 阵元均勾圆形阵列天线的所有阵元中任意选出 6个阵元、 或 4个阵元。 所述确 定所需阵元数是根据系统处理能力和 /或当前用户数确定的。
该方法进一步包括: 确定不同阵元对应的一种以上阵元组合, 则所述选 出确定数目的阵元为: 选择一种阵元组合。 其中, 所述重新选出确定数目的 阵元组成新的阵列天线结构为: 对于同一传输时间间隔内的不同时隙选择不 同阵元组合组成的阵列天线结构, 或者选择同一种阵元组合组成的阵列天线 结构。 或者, 所述重新选出确定数目的阵元组成新的阵列天线结构为: 对于 不同传输时间间隔的不同时隙选择不同阵元组合组成的阵列天线结构, 或者 选择同一种阵元组合组成的阵列天线结构。 或者, 所述重新选出确定数目的 阵元组成新的阵列天线结构为: 对于不同传输时间间隔的相同时隙选择同一 种阵元组合组成的阵列天线结构, 或者选择不同阵元组合组成的阵列天线结 构。
本发明所提供的动态选择阵列天线结构的方法, 是从选定的基本阵列天 线结构中, 选出数量少于总阵元数的阵元组成新的阵列天线结构, 在阵元数 相对固定的情况下, 对不同传输时间间隔的不同传输时隙, 选择不同的阵元 形成不同的阵列天线结构, 这样, 不仅实现起来简单方便、 具有更大的灵活 性, 而且能够保证整个阵列天线对所有不同到达角的用户信号的接收, 也就 是说, 即使某个时隙的阵列天线结构对某个到达角的信号出现屏蔽, 随着时 隙的变化, 所采用的阵列天线结构也会改变, 所出现的屏蔽问题也就相应消 除了, 如此, 可使当前采用的阵列天线中的每个阵元能更合理地接收到达信 号, 避免固定阵列天线结构可能出现的盲区问题, 进而明显提高基站系统的 性能, 提高用户信号接收的可靠性。 另外, 为了防止某些信号因屏蔽而长时 间无法接收, 可进一步配合通信系统中的编码和重传机制, 从而更有效的完 成通信过程, 为用户提供更好的服务。
在本发明实现过程中, 所采用的已有阵列天线结构是任意的, 比如: 可 以选用直线形阵列天线、 均匀圆形阵列天线等等; 对于阵元个数的确定可根 据系统处理能力或用户数有多种选择, 比如: 从 8元阵列天线中选出 6个阵元、 5个阵元等等; 对于阵元的选择可以是任意的, 比如: 在 8元阵列天线中选出 任意 6个阵元; 对应不同传输时隙选用哪种阵列天线结构也是任意的, 比如: 选用第 1阵元〜第 6阵元组成的阵列天线结构、 或是第 3阵元〜第 8阵元组成的阵 列天线结构等等。 而且, 本发明的方法可适用于所有以阵列进行信号接收的 通信系统。 总而言之, 本发明方法的实现具有很强的灵活性、 实用性和通用 性, 适用范围更广, 实现形式多种多样。
附图说明
图 la和图 lb为现有技术中一阵列天线阵元变化前后的阵列天线结构图; 图 2为 8阵元均匀圆形阵列天线结构示意图; 图 3为本发明方法的实现流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心思想是: 从选定的基本阵列天线的所有阵元中选出部分阵 元组成不同的阵列天线结构, 根据传输时间间隔和 /或时隙位置的变化, 动态 选择不同的阵列天线结构进行用户信号的接收和检测。
这里, 将已有阵列天线作为基本阵列天线, 已有阵列天线是指 4阵元、 8 阵元、 16阵元的直线形阵列天线、 圆形阵列天线等等; 所述选择部分阵元主 要是根据系统的处理能力和 /或当前接入的用户数先确定要选的阵元数目, 再 确定选哪些阵元, 具体选择哪些阵元是任意的, 比如: 对于 8阵元均匀圆形阵 列天线结构确定要选出 4个阵元, 可以选连续的 4个阵元, 也可以等间隔地选 4 个阵元, 还可以不等间隔地选 4个阵元等等; 所述动态选择不同阵元结构也是 任意选择的, 并不限定可选阵列天线结构的选择顺序。
本发明适用于任何一个以阵列天线接收用户信号的通信系统, 下面仅以 TD-SCDMA系统为例。 本实施例中, 所采用的基本阵列天线是 8阵元均匀圆 形阵列天线, 并根据系统处理能力选定采用 6个阵元组成新的阵列天线结构。
图 2为 8阵元均勾圆形阵列天线的结构示意图,图 2中标号 1〜8表示第 1阵元 〜第 8阵元,该阵列天线的参考点为圆心,参考线为圆心与第 1阵元之间的连线, 阵元标号按逆时针排列。图 2中五角星表示一个信源,该信源的方向用(θ, φ) 来描述, 其中, Θ表示信号到达的方位角, φ表示信号到达的仰角, 图 2中的 χ、 y、 z为三维坐标轴。
本实施例中, 从 8阵元中选出 6个阵元组成新的阵列天线结构, 可选择的 组合共有08 6=28种, 具体如表一所示, 表一中每组阵元标号表示选择哪几个 阵元, 比如: 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6, 表示选择第 1阵元到第 6阵元; 1、 2、 3、 4、 6、 8, 表示选择第 1阵元、 第 2阵元、 第 3阵元、 第 4阵元、 第 6阵元和第 8阵元。
序号 阵元标号
1 1, 2, 3 , 4, 5 , 6
2 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , 7
3 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8
4 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 5 1, 2, 3 , 4, 6, 8
6 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8
7 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7
8 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8
9 1, 2, 3 , 5, 7, 8
10 1, 2, 3 , 6, 7, 8
11 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7
12 1, 2, 4, 5 , 6, 8
13 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8
14 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8
15 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8
16 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
17 1 , 3 , 4, 5, 6, 8
18 1, 3 , 4, 5, 7, 8
19 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8
20 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8
21 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
22 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
23 2, 3 , 4, 5, 6, 8
24 2, 3 , 4, 5, 7, 8
25 2, 3 , 4, 6, 7, 8
26 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 8
27 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
28 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
表一
同样的, 如果是从 m阵元中选出 η个阵元组成新的阵列天线结构, 可选择 的组合应为 种。 在具体实现时, 可以每次重新选择不同的阵元组成新的阵 列天线结构, 也可以预先生成如表一所示的阵元组合表, 每次选择一个序号, 进而就可以得到所对应的阵元组合, 再由所选的阵元组合组成新的阵列天线 结构。
本发明中, 如何根据时隙的变化或传输时间间隔的变化动态选择不同的 阵列天线结构可以有很多种方式, 比如: 每个传输时间间隔的每个时隙采用 一种选出阵元的组合, 或者每个传输时间间隔中相同子帧或帧采用相同的阵 元组合。 同一传输时间间隔中不同时隙的阵列天线结构可以相同, 也可以不 同; 不同传输时间间隔的不同时隙的阵列天线结构可以相同, 也可以不同。
具体来说, 在传输时间间隔为 20ms的情况下, 每个传输时间间隔中包括 两个帧, 一个帧由两个子帧组成, 每个子帧具有多个时隙, 通常, 在业务量 低时业务只占用每个子帧中的一个时隙, 业务量高时会占用一个子帧中的多 个时隙。
以 12.2kbps业务为例,该业务仅占用每个子帧的一个时隙,相当于每个传 输时间间隔中包括与业务相关的四个时隙, 那么, 在具体操作中, 在同一个 传输时间间隔内, 可以选出四种组合, 比如: 选出表一中的第 3、 7、 19、 27 四种组合, 每个子帧或时隙采用一种组合, 比如: 第一子帧的一个业务相关 时隙采用第 3种阵元组合,第二子帧的一个业务相关时隙采用第 7种阵元组合, 第三子帧的一个业务相关时隙采用第 19种阵元组合, 第四子帧的一个业务相 关时隙采用第 27种阵元组合。 或者, 同一传输时间间隔内相同帧采用同一种 阵元组合, 比如: 第一子帧和第二子帧为相同帧, 第三子帧和第四子帧为相 同帧, 那么, 选出表一中任意两种组合, 第一子帧和第二子帧采用两种中的 任意一种组合, 第三子帧和第四子帧采用两种中的另一种组合。
对于不同传输时间间隔, 比如 12.2kbps业务的两个传输时间间隔,包括八 个子帧, 可以选出八种阵元组合, 每个子帧采用一种阵元组合; 也可以只选 出四种阵元组合, 在两个传输时间间隔的相同子帧或时隙采用一种相同的阵 元组合, 比如:在每个传输时间间隔的第一子帧的一个业务相关时隙采用第 3 种阵元组合, 第二子帧的一个业务相关时隙采用第 7种阵元组合,第三子帧的 一个业务相关时隙采用第 19种阵元组合, 第四子帧的一个业务相关时隙采用 第 27种阵元组合; 当然也可以对两个传输时间间隔内相同的帧采用同一种阵 元组合。 两个以上传输时间间隔的处理方式与上述方案均类似。 那么, 本发明方法应用于上行信号接收时, 信号接收的具体处理流程如 图 3所示, 该方法的实现前提是: 已选定基本阵列天线, 并已根据系统处理能 力确定参与用户信号接收的阵元数, 进而已确定可选的阵元组合。 该方法包 括以下步骤:
步骤 301 :任意选择一种阵元组合,基站的接收机通过当前选择的阵元组 合组成的阵列天线结构接收用户信号。
步骤 302 303 :接收机判断传输时间间隔或时隙位置是否发生变化,如果 是, 则重新选择阵元组合组成新的阵列天线结构, 否则, 返回步骤 302。
本步骤中, 由于在标准中, 对于不同的业务类型规定了相应的传输时间 间隔, 这样, 高层可以根据用户的业务类型和系统时钟判断时间传输间隔的 分界点, 并将传输时间间隔通知接收机, 进而接收机可以判断传输时间间隔 是否变化。 同样, 时隙位置是系统帧结构决定的, 接收机根据系统时钟的变 化可以判断时隙位置是否变化。
如果时隙位置或传输时间间隔有变化, 则需要重新选择阵元组合。 具体 如何重新选择阵元组合就是: 接收机根据传输时间间隔的不同, 在每个传输 时间间隔的每个时隙, 选择任意一种可选的阵元组合。 对于同一传输时间间 隔的不同时隙, 阵列天线结构可以相同或者不同; 对于不同传输时间间隔的 不同时隙, 阵列天线结构也可以相同或者不同; 对于不同传输时间间隔的相 同时隙, 阵列天线结构同样可以相同或者不同。
步骤 304: 接收机采用步骤 302所选阵元组合组成的新阵列天线结构接收 和检测到达的用户信号, 返回步骤 302。
从步骤 304的处理可以看出,对于每个时隙都是采用新选择的阵元组合组 成的阵列天线结构对相应时隙的信号进行接收和检测, 每个时隙阵列天线对 信号的处理是相互独立的,每个时隙所选择的阵元组合可以是相同或不同的。
本发明所述的动态选择阵列天线结构的方法可适合于任意使用阵列天线 进行接收的通信系统, 只要参与实际接收或处理的阵元数小于基本阵列天线 的阵元数, 接收机皆可从基本阵列天线中任意选取合适数目的阵元, 用于不 同时刻的用户信号接收和检测。 以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利 要 求书
1.一种动态选择阵列天线结构的方法, 选定基本阵列天线并确定所需阵 元数,从基本阵列天线的所有阵元中选出确定数目的阵元组成阵列天线结构, 并采用当前阵列天线结构进行信号的接收和检测, 其特征在于, 该方法还包 括:
判断接收信号的传输时间间隔和 /或时隙位置是否发生变化, 如果是, 则 从基本阵列天线的所有阵元中重新选出确定数目的阵元组成新阵列天线结 构, 并采用新阵列天线结构进行信号的接收和检测, 否则继续判断。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述基本阵列天线为任意 形式的阵列天线。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述选出确定数目的阵元 是在基本阵列天线的所有阵元中任意选择。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述确定所需阵元数是根 据系统处理能力和 /或当前用户数确定的。
5.根据权利要求 2或 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述基本阵列天线为 8 阵元均匀圆形阵列天线。
6.根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述从基本阵列天线中选 出确定数目的阵元具体为:从 8阵元均匀圆形阵列天线的所有阵元中任意选出 6个阵元、 或 4个阵元。
7.根据权利要求 1、 2或 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法进一步包括: 确定不同阵元对应的一种以上阵元组合;
则所述选出确定数目的阵元为: 选择一种阵元组合。
8.根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述重新选出确定数目的 阵元组成新的阵列天线结构为: 对于同一传输时间间隔内的不同时隙选择不 同阵元组合组成的阵列天线结构, 或者选择同一种阵元组合组成的阵列天线 结构。
9.根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述重新选出确定数目的 阵元组成新的阵列天线结构为: 对于不同传输时间间隔的不同时隙选择不同 阵元组合组成的阵列天线结构, 或者选择同一种阵元组合组成的阵列天线结 构。
10.根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述重新选出确定数目的 阵元组成新的阵列天线结构为: 对于不同传输时间间隔的相同时隙选择同一 种阵元组合组成的阵列天线结构, 或者选择不同阵元组合组成的阵列天线结 构。
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