Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
  • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
  • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
  • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
  • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
  • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
  • H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
  • H04B7/0669—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal using different channel coding between antennas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
  • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
  • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
  • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
  • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
  • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
  • H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
  • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
  • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
  • H04B7/0697—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using spatial multiplexing
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
  • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
  • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
  • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
  • H04L1/0625—Transmitter arrangements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
  • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
  • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
  • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
  • H04L25/0228—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
  • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
  • H04L5/0026—Division using four or more dimensions, e.g. beam steering or quasi-co-location [QCL]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
  • H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
  • H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
  • H04B2201/70701—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation featuring pilot assisted reception
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
  • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
  • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
  • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
  • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
  • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
  • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
  • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
  • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
  • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
  • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
  • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
  • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
  • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
  • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
  • H04L27/26134—Pilot insertion in the transmitter chain, e.g. pilot overlapping with data, insertion in time or frequency domain
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
  • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
  • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
  • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
  • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
  • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
  • H04L5/0016—Time-frequency-code

Definitions

• Transmission device transmission method, reception device, and reception method
• the present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and more particularly, to a downlink channel transmission apparatus, transmission method, reception apparatus, and reception method.
• Non-Patent Literature 1 A. Van Zelst, "bpace division multiplexing algorithm, Proc. L0th Med. Electrotechnical Conference 2000, pp. 1218— 1221
• An object of the present invention is to provide a transmission / reception device and a transmission / reception method that improve signal quality in uplink and downlink.
• a transmission device which simultaneously wirelessly transmits signals having different powers from a plurality of antennas.
• This apparatus comprises pilot multiplexing means for multiplexing pilot channels transmitted by each antenna power, pilot multiplexing means, pilot channels, and frequency division multiplexing systems using at least one of time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, and code division multiplexing.
• Data multiplexing means for time-multiplexing the data channel and means for transmitting a signal by at least one of a space division multiplexing (SDM) system and a space-time transmission diversity (STTD) system.
• SDM space division multiplexing
• STTD space-time transmission diversity
• FIG. 1 A block diagram of a ⁇ multiplex transmitter is shown.
• FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which the positional relationship between the series-parallel converter and the interleaver is changed.
• FIG. 3 A block diagram of a MIMO multiplexing receiver is shown.
• FIG. 4 A block diagram of a MIMO diversity transmitter.
• FIG.5 A block diagram of a MIMO diversity receiver.
• FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the MIMO diversity method.
• FIG. 7 A conceptual diagram of a method combining the MIMO multiplexing method and the MIMO diversity method is shown.
• FIG. 8 A conceptual diagram in the case of transmitting a signal from one transmission antenna is shown.
• FIG. 9A is a diagram showing an example of multiplexing when a pilot channel is transmitted from one transmission antenna.
• FIG. 9B is a diagram showing an example of multiplexing when transmitting one pilot antenna power pilot channel.
• FIG. 10A is a diagram (No. 1) showing a state of multiplexing while distinguishing pilot channels transmitted from four transmission antennas.
• FIG. 10B is a diagram (No. 1) showing a state in which pilot channels transmitted from four transmission antennas are multiplexed while being distinguished.
• FIG. 10C Four transmit antenna powers (No. 1) showing a state of multiplexing while distinguishing transmitted pilot channels.
• FIG. 11A Four transmit antenna powers are diagrams (part 2) showing multiplexing while distinguishing transmitted pilot channels.
• FIG. 11B is a diagram (No. 2) showing a state where four transmit antenna powers are multiplexed while distinguishing transmitted pilot channels.
• FIG. 11C Four transmit antenna powers are diagrams (part 2) showing multiplexing while distinguishing transmitted pilot channels.
• FIG. 12A Four transmit antenna powers (No. 3) showing a state of multiplexing while distinguishing transmitted pilot channels.
• FIG. 12B is a diagram (No. 3) showing a state where four transmit antenna forces are multiplexed while distinguishing transmitted pilot channels.
• FIG. 12C Four transmit antenna forces (No. 3) showing a state of multiplexing while distinguishing transmitted pilot channels.
• 102 turbo encoder 104 data modulation unit; 106, 107 serial-parallel conversion unit; 108-1 to N, 105 interleaver; 110-1 to N spreading multiplexing unit 110-1 to N; 112 spreading unit; Multiplexing section; 116 Fast inverse Fourier transform section; 118 Guard interval insertion section; 122 Convolutional encoder; 124 QPSK modulation section; 126 Serial-parallel conversion section; 128-1 to N; 132 Spreading section;
• 502 1 to N receiving antenna; 504 low noise amplifier; 506 mixer; 508 local oscillator; 510 bandpass filter; 512 automatic gain controller; 514 quadrature detector; 51 6 local oscillator; Symbol timing detection unit; 522 guard interval removal unit 524 fast Fourier transform unit; 526 demultiplexer; 528 channel estimation unit; 530 despreading unit; 532 parallel-serial conversion unit (PZS); 534 despreading unit; 540 Viterbi Decoder
• 702 Data modulation unit; 704 Series-parallel conversion unit; 706-1, 2 Transmit diversity coding unit; 711, 712, 721, 722 Transmit antenna
• pilot channels transmitted from each antenna are multiplexed in one or more of TDM, FDM, and CDM. Is done.
• the pilot channel and data channel are time multiplexed.
• the signal is divided into space division multiplexing (SDM) and space-time transmission diversity (STTD). Sent using one or both of the formulas.
• the information transmission rate can be improved or the diversity effect can be improved, which can contribute to the improvement of signal quality. Since the nanochannel is transmitted while being distinguished for each antenna, the propagation path can be estimated accurately.
• pilot channels that transmit each antenna power are multiplexed by frequency division multiplexing or code division multiplexing, regardless of time division multiplexing.
• a signal is transmitted by an orthogonal frequency code division multiplexing (OFCDM) scheme.
• OFDM orthogonal frequency code division multiplexing
• the signal sequence to be transmitted is distributed to each of the antennas by the serial-parallel conversion unit, and the arrangement method of the signals in one or more output signal sequences of the serial-parallel conversion unit Interleaving unit Will be changed by. Transmission quality can be improved by changing the arrangement of signals transmitted from the antenna.
• a signal sequence to be transmitted is distributed to each of the antennas by the serial-parallel conversion unit, and the arrangement of signals in the input signal sequence of the serial-parallel conversion unit is performed by the interleaving unit. Be changed. This makes it possible to change the way the signals are arranged across multiple antennas, resulting in a large interleaving effect.
• the time-multiplexed pilot channel and data channel are separated, and time multiplexing, frequency multiplexing, and code multiplexing are performed.
• the pilot channel for each transmit antenna multiplexed in one or more of the above is separated.
• the control channel is demodulated by both a demodulation method of a signal transmitted by one antenna and a space-time transmission diversity (STTD) method. As a result, the control channel can be quickly demodulated with any type of base station power.
• STTD space-time transmission diversity
• FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a MIMO transmitter that can be used in an embodiment of the present invention.
• the MIMO multiplexing scheme is also referred to as a MIMO space division multiplexing (MIMO-SDM) scheme.
• MIMO-SDM MIMO space division multiplexing
• Such a transmitter is typically provided in a base station, but may be provided in a mobile station.
• the transmitter used in the present embodiment is an orthogonal frequency code division multiple access (OFCDM) transmitter, and other schemes may be employed in other embodiments.
• the transmitter includes a turbo encoder 102, a data modulation unit 104, a serial-parallel conversion unit 106, interlinos 108-1 to N having (N> 1) transmission antennas, and a transmission antenna.
• the diffusion multiplexing unit 110-1 includes a spreading unit 112, a multiplexing unit 114, a fast inverse Fourier transform unit 116, a guard interval insertion unit 118, and a spreading unit 132.
• the transmitter includes a convolutional encoder 122, a QPSK modulation unit 124, a serial-parallel conversion unit 126, and interleavers 128-1 to N of several transmission antennas.
• the turbo encoder 102 performs code encoding for improving error tolerance of a transmitted data channel.
• the data modulator 104 modulates the data channel with an appropriate modulation scheme such as QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, or the like.
• an appropriate modulation scheme such as QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, or the like.
• AMC adaptive modulation and coding
• the serial / parallel converter (S / P) 106 converts a serial signal sequence (stream) into a parallel signal sequence.
• the number of parallel signal sequences may be determined according to the number of transmission antennas and the number of subcarriers.
• Interleavers 108-1 to 1-N rearrange the order in which the data channels are arranged according to a predetermined pattern. The rearrangement is performed for each antenna in the illustrated example.
• Spreading multiplexing sections 110-1 to 110-N process data channels for each antenna and output baseband OFCDM symbols, respectively.
• the spreading unit 112 performs code spreading by multiplying each of the parallel signal sequences by a predetermined spreading code. In this embodiment, two-dimensional spreading is performed, and the signal is spread in the time direction and the Z or frequency direction.
• Convolutional encoder 1 A code 22 is used to increase error tolerance of the control information data.
• the QPSK modulator 124 modulates the control channel using the QPSK modulation method. Any suitable modulation scheme may be employed, but since the amount of control information data is relatively small, in this embodiment, a QPSK modulation scheme with a small number of modulation multi-values is employed.
• a serial-parallel converter (SZP) 126 converts a serial signal sequence into a parallel signal sequence. The number of parallel signal sequences may be determined according to the number of subcarriers and the number of transmission antennas. Interleavers 128-1 to N reorder the control channels in accordance with a predetermined pattern.
• the spreading unit 132 performs code spreading by multiplying each of the parallel signal sequences by a predetermined spreading code.
• Multiplexer 114 multiplexes the spread data channel and the spread control channel. Multiplexing may be any of time multiplexing, frequency multiplexing, and code multiplexing.
• a pilot channel is input to the multiplexing unit 114 and is also multiplexed.
• the pilot channel may be input to the serial / parallel converter 106 or 126 and frequency-multiplexed with the pilot channel power data channel or the control channel, as indicated by the dashed arrows in the figure.
• the fast inverse Fourier transform unit 116 performs fast inverse Fourier transform on the signal input thereto, and performs OFDM modulation.
• the guard interval insertion unit 118 creates a symbol in the OFDM scheme by adding a guard interval to the modulated signal. As is well known, the guard interval is obtained by duplicating the beginning or end of the transmitted symbol.
• the positional relationship (106 and 108, 126 and 128) between the serial-parallel converter and the interleaver may be changed as shown in FIG.
• the signals are separated for each antenna by SZP and then interleaved by individual interleavers. Therefore, the reordering is performed within the category of signals transmitted by one antenna force.
• FIG. 2 since the effect of rearrangement by the interleaver 107 extends to a plurality of antennas, a larger interleaving effect can be expected.
• the data channel is encoded by the turbo coder 102 of FIG. Diffused for each carrier component.
• the control channel is similarly encoded and modified. Adjusted, parallelized, interleaved, and spread for each subcarrier component.
• the spread data channel and the control channel are multiplexed for each subcarrier by the multiplexing unit 114, OFDM modulation is performed by the fast inverse Fourier transform unit 116, and a guard interval is added to the modulated signal.
• a baseband OFCDM symbol is output for each antenna.
• the baseband signal is converted into an analog signal, quadrature modulated by the quadrature modulator 402 of the RF processing unit, appropriately amplified after band limitation, and wirelessly transmitted from each antenna.
• Radio resources can be distinguished by one or more of frequency, time and code. Therefore, the information transmission rate can be increased in proportion to the number of transmission antennas.
• the receiving side typically a mobile station
• the receiving side needs to know at least the number of transmission antennas (number of transmission data sequences). .
• FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a receiver that can be used in an embodiment of the present invention.
• This receiver is typically provided in a base station, but may be provided in a mobile station.
• the receiver has N (> 1) receive antennas 502-1 to N, and low noise increases for each antenna.
• the receiver also includes a symbol timing detection unit 520, a dintarino 536, a turbo encoder 538, and a Viterbi decoder 540.
• the low noise amplifier 504 appropriately amplifies the signal received by the antenna 502.
• the amplified signal is converted to an intermediate frequency by mixer 506 and local oscillator 508 (down-conversion).
• the band pass filter 510 removes unnecessary frequency components.
• the automatic gain controller 512 controls the gain of the amplifier so that the signal level is properly maintained.
• Quadrature detector 514 uses local oscillator 516 to receive the in-phase component (I) and quadrature component of the received signal. Based on (Q), quadrature demodulation is performed.
• the analog / digital conversion unit 518 converts an analog signal into a digital signal.
• Symbol timing detection section 520 detects the timing of symbols (symbol boundaries) based on digital signals from the respective antennas.
• the guard inverter removing unit 522 removes a portion of the received signal power corresponding to the guard interval.
• the fast Fourier transform section 524 performs fast Fourier transform on the input signal, and performs demodulation of the OFDM scheme.
• the demultiplexer 526 separates the pilot channel, control channel, and data channel that are multiplexed with the received signal. This separation method is performed in correspondence with multiplexing on the transmission side (processing contents in the multiplexing unit 114 in FIG. 1).
• Channel estimation section 528 estimates the state of the propagation path using the pilot channel, and outputs a control signal for adjusting the amplitude and phase so as to compensate for channel fluctuations. This control signal is output for each subcarrier.
• Receiveding section 530 despreads the data channel after channel compensation for each subcarrier.
• the code multiplex number is assumed to be C.
• Parallel / serial converter (P / S) 532 converts a parallel signal sequence into a serial signal sequence.
• despreading section 534 despreads the control channel after channel compensation.
• the dintarber 536 changes the order in which signals are arranged according to a predetermined pattern.
• the predetermined pattern corresponds to the reverse pattern of reordering performed by the transmitting interlino (108 in Fig. 1).
• the turbo encoder 538 and the Viterbi decoder 540 decode the traffic information data and the control information data, respectively.
• a signal received by the antenna is converted into a digital signal through processing such as amplification, frequency conversion, band limitation, quadrature demodulation, and the like in the RF receiver.
• the digital signal from which the guard interval is removed is demodulated by the OFDM method by the fast Fourier transform unit 524.
• the demodulated signal is separated into a pilot channel, a control channel, and a data channel by a separation unit 526.
• the pilot channel is input to the channel estimator.
• a control signal that compensates for fluctuations in the propagation path is output for each subcarrier.
• the data channel is compensated using a control signal, despread for each subcarrier, and converted to a serial signal.
• the converted signals are rearranged in a predetermined pattern by the dintarino 536 and decoded by the turbo decoder 538.
• the predetermined pattern is the reverse pattern of the rearrangement performed by the interleaver.
• the control channel is compensated for channel fluctuation by the control signal, despread, and decoded by the Viterbi decoder 540. Thereafter, signal processing using the restored data and the control channel is performed.
• each antenna power signal on the transmitting side is derived from the received signal by some signal separation method.
• the receiver needs to know at least the number of transmitting antennas N (number of transmission data sequences)!
• Examples of the signal separation method include a blast (BLAST) method, an MMSE method, and an MLD method.
• the blast method measures the reception level for each transmission antenna, decodes and determines in order from the transmission signal with the maximum level, estimates the interference signal (interference replica), and subtracts the interference replica from the reception signal. Estimate the transmitted signal.
• the MMSE weight is derived based on the channel gain from each transmitting antenna, and the received signal is weighted and synthesized to obtain the transmitted signal.
• Maximum Likelihood Detection (MLD) method estimates the channel gain from each transmit antenna and selects the modulation candidate that minimizes the mean square error between the modulation candidate of the transmission data and the received signal. Estimate the signal.
• these and other signal separation methods may be used.
• Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a MIMO diversity transmitter. Elements already described in FIG. 1 are given similar reference numbers, and duplicate descriptions thereof are omitted.
• a transmission diversity coding unit 402 is depicted between the interleaver 108 and the code multiplexing unit 110. Transmit diversity coding section 402 adjusts the content, order, etc. of the signals so that the signals transmitted by the transmit antenna forces have a predetermined correspondence with each other.
• the transmission diversity coding section 402 is a space time transmission diversity (STTD) processing section or Also called STTD encoder.
• STTD space time transmission diversity
• FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a MIMO diversity receiver. Elements already described in FIG. 3 are given similar reference numbers, and duplicate descriptions thereof are omitted.
• 552 and a diverter 54 are depicted.
• the coding unit 52 Based on the received signal and the channel estimation result that have been despread, the coding unit 52 separates the received signal into signals from each transmitting antenna based on the transmission diversity. The separation method is determined depending on the processing performed by the transmission diversity coding unit on the transmission side.
• the dintariba 54 rearranges the decoded signals in a predetermined order. The predetermined order corresponds to the reverse pattern of the order applied by the transmitting interleaver.
• FIG. 6 shows contents before and after signal processing performed by the transmitter of FIG. For simplicity, the sequence power of 4 symbols denoted S 1, S 1, S 2 and S
• the STTD encoder 4 02 receives the sequence such as S, S, S, S from the input symbol sequence,
• the transmitter is expressed as s 1 -s * between times t and t.
• transmission symbols S 1 and S can be obtained based on the received signals R 1 and R 2.
• two transmission symbols are transmitted with a predetermined correspondence relationship, and the transmission symbol is obtained on the receiving side based on the correspondence relationship.
• more than two transmitted symbols may have some correspondence.
• information having substantially the same content may be transmitted from two or more transmitting antennas during a certain period of time (in the above example, during the period from t to t).
• the transmission diversity scheme does not increase the information transmission efficiency, but the diversity effect increases as the number of transmission antennas increases, and the signal quality can be improved and the required transmission power can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to reduce the interference level given to neighboring cells and consequently increase the system capacity.
• the receiver needs to know at least the correspondence between the transmission symbols as well as the number of transmission antennas before demodulation.
• FIG. 7 shows a conceptual diagram of a scheme that combines the MIMO multiplexing scheme and the MIMO diversity scheme.
• FIG. 7 illustrates the power of the data modulation unit 702, the serial-parallel conversion unit 704, the first transmission diversity unit 706-1, the second transmission diversity unit 706-2, and the transmission antennas 711 to 722. ing.
• the data modulation unit 702 corresponds to the data modulation unit 104 in FIGS. 1 and 4, and the serial / parallel conversion unit 704 corresponds to the serial / parallel conversion unit 106 in FIGS.
• the first and second transmission diversity units 706-1 and 2 have the same configuration and functions as the transmission diversity coding unit 402 of FIG.
• the data channel modulated by the data modulation unit 702 is divided into different symbol sequences by the serial / parallel conversion unit 704, and the first and second transmission diversity coding units 706 — Input to 1, 2 respectively.
• the Bol sequence is S, S, S, S, then S, S is the first transmit diversity
• the first transmission diversity coding unit 706-1 duplicates the input symbols, creates two symbol sequences having a predetermined correspondence relationship, and transmits them from the transmission antenna. For example, S and S are transmitted wirelessly in order from the first transmission antenna 711, and S * and S * are not transmitted from the second transmission antenna 712.
• the second transmission diversity coding section 706-2 also duplicates the input symbols, creates two symbol sequences having a predetermined correspondence relationship, and transmits them from the transmission antenna. For example, the first transmitting antenna 721 to S
• this transmitter first wirelessly transmits s 1 -s2 * + s 3 -s *
• the receiver uses these to estimate the four symbols S, S, S, S with high accuracy
• the number of transmitting antennas, the number of parallel signal sequences, the diversity coding method, and the like may be variously changed in addition to the above.
• Various channels can be transmitted on the uplink or the downlink by using the above-described MIMO multiplexing method, MIMO diversity method, and a combination method thereof.
• Down phosphorus (D1) Common control channel, (D2) Associated control channel, (D3) Shared packet data channel, and (D4) Dedicated packet data channel power are transmitted as channels including traffic data.
• (U1) common control channel, (U2) associated control channel, (U3) shared packet data channel, and (U4) dedicated packet data channel power are transmitted as a channel including traffic data.
• a pilot channel that does not include traffic data is also transmitted as necessary.
• the nanochannel includes known signals that are known in advance on the transmitting side and the receiving side, and is particularly used for channel estimation.
• the downlink common control channel includes a broadcast channel (BCH), a paging channel (PCH), and a downlink access channel (FACH).
• BCH broadcast channel
• PCH paging channel
• FACH downlink access channel
• the common control channel includes control information related to processing in a relatively higher layer such as link setting and call control.
• the associated control channel is relatively low and includes control information regarding processing in the layer, and includes information necessary for demodulating the shared packet data channel.
• the necessary information may include, for example, a packet number, modulation scheme, encoding scheme, transmission power control bit, retransmission control bit, and the like.
• the shared packet data channel is a high-speed radio resource shared among a plurality of users. Radio resources may be distinguished by frequency, code, transmission power, and the like. Radio resource sharing may be done using time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and Z or code division multiplexing (CDM) methods! /. Specific modes of multiplexing will be described later with reference to FIG. 14 and subsequent figures. To achieve high-quality data transmission, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), automatic repeat request (ARQ), etc. are adopted.
• AMC adaptive modulation and coding
• ARQ automatic repeat request
• the dedicated packet data channel is a radio resource dedicated to a specific user. Radio resources may be distinguished by frequency, code, transmission power, and the like. To achieve high-quality data transmission, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), automatic retransmission (ARQ), etc. are adopted.
• AMC adaptive modulation and coding
• ARQ automatic retransmission
• the uplink common control channel includes a random access channel (RACH) and a reservation channel (RCH).
• RACH random access channel
• RCH reservation channel
• the common control channel is relatively easy for link setting and call control. Contains control information for higher layer processing.
• the associated control channel is relatively low, includes control information regarding processing in the layer, and includes information necessary to demodulate the shared packet data channel.
• the necessary information may include, for example, a packet number, modulation scheme, encoding scheme, transmission power control bit, retransmission control bit, and the like.
• the shared packet data channel is a high-speed wireless resource shared among a plurality of users.
• Radio resources may be distinguished by frequency, code, transmission power, and the like.
• Radio resource sharing may be performed using time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), and Z or code division multiplexing (CDM).
• the dedicated packet data channel is a radio resource allocated exclusively to a specific user. Radio resources may be distinguished by frequency, code, transmission power, and the like. To achieve high-quality data transmission, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), automatic retransmission (ARQ), etc. are adopted.
• AMC adaptive modulation and coding
• ARQ automatic retransmission
• the common control channel includes broadcast information such as a cell number, it must be received by all mobile stations. In order to respond easily to this request, it is conceivable to transmit a common control channel from one transmission antenna as shown in Fig. 8 among a plurality of transmission antennas provided in the base station. In this case, the other transmit antennas are not used to transmit that channel.
• additional information such as the number of transmission antennas is required to properly demodulate a signal transmitted by the MIMO multiplexing method or MIMO diversity method, but one transmission antenna is transmitted. Then, the received signal can be demodulated immediately without the need for such information.
• the common control channel includes information related to call control and the like, it is desirable that communication be performed reliably rather than speeding up. From this point of view, it is desirable to give additional information such as the number of transmission antennas to the mobile station by some method and transmit the common control channel by the MIMO diversity method.
• one of a plurality of transmit antennas may be transmitted, or it may be transmitted in a MIMO diversity scheme. Or The same content may be transmitted simultaneously from a plurality of transmission antennas.
• the data channel may be transmitted from one of a plurality of transmit antennas, or may be transmitted in a MIMO diversity scheme.
• the data channel is transmitted according to the performance of the mobile station by the base station with the link established. Therefore, the data channel may be transmitted by the MIMO multiplexing method, or may be transmitted by a combination method of the MIMO diversity method and the MIMO multiplexing method! Transmission rate can be improved by using MIMO multiplexing at least partially.
• the mobile station Based on the received common control channel, the mobile station acquires information on the number of transmission antennas of the base station, transmission methods of various channels, and the like.
• the mobile station can immediately demodulate the received common control channel. As a result, the contents of BCH, PCH, and F ACH can be grasped.
• the mobile station uses the uplink common control channel (RA CH) to base information on the mobile station performance (number of receiving antennas, number of transmitting antennas, etc.), requested services (requested transmission rate), etc. Send to the station.
• the base station notifies the mobile station of the transmission method (number of transmission antennas, etc.) of the associated control channel using the downlink common control channel (FACH).
• the transmission method of the data channel may be notified to the mobile station by the common control channel (FACH), or may be notified to the mobile station by the associated control channel. In the latter case, the mobile station is notified of the transmission method (MIMO multiplexing method, MIMO diversity method, or a combination thereof) in addition to the modulation method and coding rate for the transmission slot of each mobile station.
• the MIMO diversity coding method for example, the number of transmission antennas is two, and the signal is transmitted with the processing contents shown in Fig. 6).
• the mobile station extracts the received common control channel power necessary information and performs the same as above. Signal processing can proceed. However, it may be present in some older base station power areas that do not have one transmit antenna. In such a case, even if the signal is demodulated by the MIMO diversity method, it cannot be demodulated well.
• the mobile station of this embodiment attempts to demodulate the common control channel using both of the two methods.
• One of the two methods is a demodulation method when a common transmission channel is transmitted from one transmission antenna, and the other is a demodulation method when it is transmitted using the MIMO diversity method. .
• the order of demodulating in both methods may be simultaneous, or either one may be performed first. Thereafter, the same processing as described above is performed. That is, the mobile station uses the uplink common control channel (RACH) to base information on the mobile station performance (number of receiving antennas, number of transmitting antennas, etc.), requested service (requested transmission rate), etc. Send to the station.
• the base station notifies the mobile station of the transmission method (number of transmission antennas, etc.) of the associated control channel using the downlink common control channel (FACH).
• RACH uplink common control channel
• the pilot channel is used for purposes such as estimating a propagation path.
• the propagation path is different for each transmission antenna, it is necessary to transmit the pilot channel while being distinguished for each transmission antenna. Therefore, when the transmitter, the control channel and the data channel are multiplexed and transmitted, the pilot channel needs to be distinguished for each transmission antenna.
• various examples of pilot channel multiplexing are shown. It should be noted that these are examples and are not listed in a limited way.
• FIGS. 9A-B show an example of multiplexing when a signal is also transmitted using the power of one of a plurality of transmission antennas.
• the control channel is not shown for simplicity. In this case, there is only one transmit antenna that transmits the signal.
• Figure 9A shows the time-multiplexed pilot channel and data channel.
• Figure 9B shows the frequency multiplexing of the pilot channel and data channel.
• FIGS. 10A to 10C are diagrams (part 1) showing a state in which pilot channels that are transmitted with four transmit antenna forces are multiplexed while being distinguished. Pilot channel and data channel are sometimes Multiplexed between.
• FIG. 10A shows how pilot channels for four transmit antennas # 1 to # 4 are time-multiplexed.
• Figure 10B shows how the pilot channels for the four transmit antennas are code-multiplexed. In both cases, since pilot channels are continuously inserted along the frequency direction, the frequency diversity effect can be improved by performing interleaving in the frequency direction.
• FIG. 10C shows a conceptual diagram of signals transmitted from the first and second transmission antennas.
• the pilot channels to which the first transmission antenna force is also transmitted are distinguished by codes consisting of 1, 1, 1, 1, and the pilot channels to which the second transmission antenna force is also transmitted are 1, It is shown that they are distinguished by a code consisting of 1, —1, —1.
• codes are examples and any suitable orthogonal turns may be used.
• FIGS. 11A to 11C are diagrams (part 2) illustrating a state in which pilot channels to be transmitted are multiplexed while being distinguished from each other with four transmit antenna powers being distinguished.
• the pilot channel and data channel are time multiplexed.
• Figure 11A shows how the pilot channels for the four transmit antennas are frequency multiplexed. Such a method is preferable from the viewpoint of easily and satisfactorily performing channel estimation for each subcarrier.
• Figure 11B shows the pilot channel for the four transmit antennas being code-multiplexed.
• Figure 11C shows how the pilot channels for the four transmit antennas are frequency multiplexed and code multiplexed. The code length can be shortened compared to the case where four codes are multiplexed.
• information transmission efficiency can be improved by using multiplexing in the frequency domain.
• multiplexing is performed in the time direction. Therefore, if the number of symbols transmitted within one transmission time interval (TTI) is small, some of the resources prepared for the maximum number of symbols are used. Power is not used and resource usage efficiency is reduced.
• FIGS. 12A to 12C are diagrams (No. 3) showing a state of multiplexing while distinguishing pilot channels in which four transmitting antenna forces are also transmitted.
• the pilot channel and data channel are frequency multiplexed.
• Figure 12A shows how time multiplexing is performed for each transmit antenna in the pilot channel.
• Figure 12B shows the code multiplexing for each transmit antenna in the pilot channel.
• Fig. 12C shows how time multiplexing and code multiplexing are performed for each transmission antenna in the pilot channel. In general, time fluctuations Therefore, the orthogonality between the transmission antennas of the pilot channel can be maintained well.

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• 2005
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• 2006
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