WO2006106139A1 - Collecteur solaire - Google Patents

Collecteur solaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006106139A1
WO2006106139A1 PCT/EP2006/061420 EP2006061420W WO2006106139A1 WO 2006106139 A1 WO2006106139 A1 WO 2006106139A1 EP 2006061420 W EP2006061420 W EP 2006061420W WO 2006106139 A1 WO2006106139 A1 WO 2006106139A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
solar collector
collector according
absorber
window
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/061420
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Beikircher
Original Assignee
Zae Bayern Bay. Zentrum Für Angewandte Energieforschung E.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zae Bayern Bay. Zentrum Für Angewandte Energieforschung E.V. filed Critical Zae Bayern Bay. Zentrum Für Angewandte Energieforschung E.V.
Publication of WO2006106139A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006106139A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/80—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for controlling collection or absorption of solar radiation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/10—Protective covers or shrouds; Closure members, e.g. lids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/50—Preventing overheating or overpressure
    • F24S40/52—Preventing overheating or overpressure by modifying the heat collection, e.g. by defocusing or by changing the position of heat-receiving elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar collector for converting the radiation energy of the sun into heat according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • collector systems are being implemented as part of a targeted sustainable energy supply with higher solar coverage (in terms of total energy requirements), combined with larger collector areas.
  • solar coverage in terms of total energy requirements
  • the Federal Government explicitly promotes the construction of large thermal solar systems (from 100 m 2 ) with higher working temperatures and high solar coverage of 10-30% for systems without, and 60% for systems with seasonal heat storage [O].
  • a solar collector which has a arranged on the outside of the collector Abschatt adopted in the form of a flap, can be reflected by means of solar radiation on the collector and by means of which the collector more or less cover and thus can shadow.
  • the disadvantage here is that the Abschatt responded is mechanically complex and wind gusts offers a large attack surface.
  • a solar collector which has a Abschatt recognized arranged outside the collector in the form of a roll between two roles and developable. If necessary, the shading film is pulled over the collector.
  • the film can not only be light-absorbing, but also light-reflecting or light-focusing.
  • the disadvantage here is that the Abschatt Spur wind gusts offers a large attack surface and can be easily damaged by wind and other weather conditions.
  • the shading roller shutter offers a considerable wind attack surface, especially in the semi-closed state.
  • the Abschatt recognized is at least partially disposed in the collector housing
  • the Abschatt responded no protruding parts, which provide attack surfaces for gusts of wind.
  • the Abschatt driving is completely disposed in the closed collector housing.
  • the solar collector can be mounted as a part. There are no additional installation work for the Abschatt driving necessary.
  • the activation of the Abschatt coupled or the introduction of the film in the space between the absorber and window by means of a preferably energy-self-sufficient - claim 28 - motor drive means takes place, as Son- commonly installed in locations that are not easily accessible.
  • a regulation is possible - claim 27 - by the Abschatt Anlagen is activated when reaching a limit temperature. In this case, the temperature is measured by a temperature sensor in the heat exchanger device or in the absorber. If the temperature falls below another limit temperature, the Abschatt triste is deactivated again.
  • the film consists of at least two film sections with different optical properties.
  • the film is wound on two opposite rollers and spans the entire absorber front.
  • the film section which is not inserted between the window and the absorber front side, is rolled up on one of the two rollers.
  • Each of the two film sections is large enough for itself to completely cover the absorber front side. This allows defined conditions to be set for the entire absorber front - Claim 6.
  • a first film section is permeable to solar radiation (transmittance> 80%) and its side facing the absorber front side is as far as possible not well permeable to heat or IR radiation, ie at least partially absorbing, ideally even mainly reflective. If this first film section passes through the two rollers inserted between absorber front and window heat losses of the absorber are reduced to the outside through the collector window, while high transmission for sunlight.
  • the combination of collector window and first foil section acts like a double pane window.
  • a second film section is for the passing through the window and on the absorber front side sunscreen is attenuating or reflective and has a transmittance of less than 20% and preferably less than 10%. This reflective effect is achieved, for example, by metallic vapor deposition of the second film section. If this second film section is retracted by means of the two rollers into the region between the absorber front side and the window, the absorber is shaded and overheating is avoided - claims 7, 8 and 9.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 10 or 11 prevents residents feel impaired by reflections len. This is achieved in that no glare for an observer outside of the collector emanates from the film section or film section used for shading by suitable combination of optical properties such as diffuse (partial) reflection and / or (partial) absorption.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 13 saves weight and height and thus leads to monetary advantages in assembly and transport, since insulation films in comparison to conventional insulation require a lower overall height and lower weight.
  • the shading mechanism increases the efficiency of the collector in normal operation by reducing the thermal losses of the absorber: the introduction of the film sections suppresses the formation of convection and reduces the heat radiation between the absorber and the cover or housing rear wall.
  • the convective losses have a local minimum at a certain distance between the foil and the window and between the foil and the plate-shaped absorber. With air as the filling gas, this distance is in the range between 8 and 12 mm, and preferably at 9 mm.
  • To further suppress the thermal losses of the absorber and transparent inert gases with thermal conductivities lower than that of air can be filled in the collector, for example, Ar, Kr, Xe, SF 6 , UF 6 or CO2.
  • these other gases as well as for other absorber geometries and operating conditions (collector inclination and temperature), corresponding values for the optimum distances according to the convection theory are calculated.
  • the transparent film section on the absorber side can additionally be designed as a selective covering, that is to say it has a high degree of reflection in the infrared radiation area by means of a suitable coating.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the invention according to claim 18 is suitable for retrofitting existing solar panels.
  • the entire film suspension and handling mechanism can either be completely integrated into the collector housing - claim 19 - for example via an exchangeable insertion part - claim 20 - for a possible maintenance.
  • foil, shaft / roller system, drive, control and power supply in a cassette which can be inserted into the collector as a whole and easily replaced again - claim 20.
  • the film is configured as a continuous foil and is guided over a roller / wave deflection system.
  • the respectively not inserted between absorber and window part of the film is / is guided by deflection over rollers / waves behind the absorber between the absorber and heat insulation. in the Normal operation is thus the shading section between the absorber and the housing rear wall / insulation and thus contributes to the reduction of the back convection as well as the rear heat radiation losses.
  • the film does not sag at the taking place in the collector heating and the associated thermal expansion and the housing or the absorber does not touch, one or both of the rollers / shafts is provided with a clamping mechanism.
  • a clamping mechanism for this purpose is a mechanism with an adapted inner spring, as can be found in a snap-on - claim 24.
  • plastics can be used which contract reversibly at a higher temperature - claim 25th
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention additionally consists in the provision of several collector lengths of transparent and shading TeN- pieces on the rollers / waves or in the range of roles / waves described, whereby with decreasing mechanical and optical properties of the film section over the life of e.g. Irradiation, moisture or dust can instead easily be brought into the collector an unused piece of film with still new optical properties - claim 23.
  • coated or doped plastics or metals are used as film materials in the collector according to the invention, the highly transparent, tear resistant, aging and light stable (all these properties ideally over the collector life of about 15 - 20 years) and temperature resistant (up to the selected limit temperature for the shading) and have the desired optical properties.
  • the film can also be made of a TPU plastic, for. B. Desmopan Fa. Bayer, or a UV-stabilized polyester film, z. As the Fa. Mitsubishi, or from an advanced polyethylene terephthalate (PET), z. B. Hostafan from the company Hoechst, be constructed as a base material - claim 37. These materials are tear-resistant, highly transparent, resistant to aging and light and therefore have the required properties.
  • the transmission increases for the sunlight and thereby occurring transmission losses of the transparent film part can be at least partially compensated - claim 38th
  • the solar collector according to the invention projects almost into the power range of evacuated flat-plate collectors. It is therefore particularly well suited for applications with higher temperatures and higher solar degrees of coverage, such as combined systems, solar air conditioning and solar process heat generation.
  • the window is made of glass or solar permeable plastic. The solar radiation passing through the window lies in the range between 0.3 and 4.0 ⁇ m and in particular in the range between 0.4 and 2.5 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a detail view of the first embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention with endless film
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention with endless foil.
  • the solar collector according to the first embodiment comprises a cuboid housing 1 whose large top surface of a permeable to solar radiation window 2, z. B. made of glass, is completed. Behind the window 2, an absorber 3 is arranged, which has an absorber front side 3a facing the window 2 and an absorber rear side 3b facing away from the window 2. The rectangular area of the absorber front side 3 a corresponds approximately to the area of the window 2.
  • the absorber 3 is thermally connected to a heat exchanger device 4 in the form of heat exchanging the absorber. exchanger coils coupled in which a heat transfer medium flows. Under the absorber 3 on the absorber rear side 3b between the housing 1 and absorber 3, a heat insulation 5 is provided.
  • the Abschatt driving 6 comprises a thin elastic film 7, which spans the entire absorber front 3a. In the lateral edge region, the film 7 is wound on the left and right next to the absorber 3 onto a first and a second roller 8a and 8b (see FIG. 2).
  • the one-piece film 7 has a first film section 9 and a second film section 10.
  • the side of the first film section 9 facing the window 2 is transparent or translucent for the solar radiation entering through the window.
  • the side of the second film section 10 facing the window 2 is reflective in this wavelength range.
  • the two film sections 9 and 10 are each dimensioned such that they can completely span the absorber front side 3a.
  • the solar collector and the Abschatt driving 6 comprises a motor drive means 11 by means of which leaves the film 7 from the first roller 8a and on the second roller 8b wind up.
  • the first roller 8a is provided with a snap mechanism in the manner of a snap-action roller.
  • either the second or the first film section 9, 10 is introduced by means of the motor drive device 11 in the area between the window 2 and absorber 3, while the non-required film section 9 or 10 on a the rollers 8 is wound up.
  • the motor drive device 11 comprises a worm gear 12 which drives the second roller 8b via a gearwheel 13.
  • the worm gear 12 is driven by an electric motor 14.
  • the power supply of the electric motor 14 via a photovoltaic element 15, which is arranged in the edge region of the housing 1 at the bottom of the window 2.
  • the photovoltaic element 15 and the electric motor 14 are connected via a regulation 16 with each other.
  • the controller 16 is also connected to a temperature sensor 17, which is thermally coupled to the absorber 3 and detects its temperature.
  • the film 7 is formed as an endless film.
  • the endless film 7 likewise has a first film section 9 and a second film section 10. Ie. each not located between the window 2 and absorber front side 3a film section 9 or 10 is guided by deflection over the first roller 8a on the absorber rear side 3b.
  • the second film section 10 serving for the shading is located between the absorber rear side 3b and the rear wall of the housing 1 and thus contributes to reducing the back convection as well as the rear heat radiation losses. Due to the endless foil 7, a tensioning mechanism in the first roller 8a is unnecessary.
  • Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the invention, which differs from the second embodiment of Figure 4 only in terms of the design of the heat insulation on the absorber back 3b; All other components are the same as those of the second embodiment, so that a description can be omitted.
  • the heat insulation 5 consists of one or more solid, metallically coated heat insulating films 18, which is spanned in the housing between the rear wall and located on the absorber backside 3b film portion of the continuous film 7.
  • the use of heat insulating films 18 instead of conventional thermal insulation allows a lower height and lower weight.
  • the heat insulating film 18 and also the motor drive device 11 with control device 16, temperature sensor 17 and photovoltaic element 15 can also be used in the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the outside of the window 2 with a Antireflection coating be provided to increase the transmittance of the window 2.
  • the operation takes place in accordance with all embodiments of the invention.
  • the shading device 6 is active, the transparent film section is wound on one of the two rollers 8 or, in the case of the deflection system - FIG. 4 - positioned between the absorber rear side and the rear wall of the housing 1.
  • the regulation of the motor drive device 11 takes place by means of a control device 16, which is connected to the temperature sensor 14 mounted on the absorber 3.
  • the temperature sensor 14 may alternatively be attached to the heat exchanger device 4 or outside of the solar collector.
  • the shading film section 10 is again wound onto one of the shaft / rollers 8, or positioned on the side of the absorber 3 facing away from the sun, and the transparent film section is inserted between the absorber 3 and the window 2.
  • a spacer element can be used, which uses the temperature difference between absorber and window present in the shading case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un collecteur solaire ayant une sûreté de fonctionnement élevée. Le collecteur solaire comprend un dispositif d'ombrage (7) qui est disposé au moins partiellement dans le boîtier (1) du collecteur. Le dispositif d'ombrage (7) ne présente ainsi aucun surface exposée aux rafales de vent. Le dispositif d'ombrage (7) est disposé de préférence en intégralité dans le boîtier fermé (1) du collecteur. Le collecteur solaire peut ainsi être monté en tant que pièce. Aucun autre travail de montage supplémentaire n'est nécessaire pour le dispositif d'ombrage. Le dispositif d'ombrage (7) comprend un film qui peut au besoin être tendu sur le côté avant (3a) du dispositif d'absorption, ce qui lui permet de mettre le dispositif d'absorption (3) à l'ombre pour lui éviter une surchauffe. Le film peut être une bande de film continue.
PCT/EP2006/061420 2005-04-08 2006-04-07 Collecteur solaire WO2006106139A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202005005631.6 2005-04-08
DE202005005631U DE202005005631U1 (de) 2005-04-08 2005-04-08 Sonnenkollektor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006106139A1 true WO2006106139A1 (fr) 2006-10-12

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ID=36617124

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/061420 WO2006106139A1 (fr) 2005-04-08 2006-04-07 Collecteur solaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE202005005631U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006106139A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2910600A1 (fr) * 2006-12-26 2008-06-27 Philippe Liot Procede de regulation de la puissance d'une installation de fourniture d'eau chaude
ES2320842A1 (es) * 2007-11-27 2009-05-28 Beatriz Aleixandre Sales Elemento de soporte y proteccion de dispositivos de aprovechamiento solares.
EP2808617A3 (fr) * 2013-05-29 2014-12-31 Lasierra Toldra, Antoni Panneau solaire avec système d'écran
DE102014012201A1 (de) 2014-08-18 2016-02-18 Institut Für Solarenergieforschung Gmbh Bauteil zur solaren Energiegewinnung mit veränderlichem Emissionsgrad

Families Citing this family (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007055462A1 (de) 2007-11-13 2009-05-20 Adamidis, Antonius Verfahren zur Regelung eines Photovoltaik-Anlage und derartige Anlage
DE102008009979A1 (de) * 2008-02-19 2009-09-10 Pérez, José Luis, Dipl.-Ing. Thermoelektrischer Solargenerator Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Generierung elektrischer Energie mit Solarkollektoren auf der Grundlage des thermoelektrischen Seebeck Effektes
DE102008022128A1 (de) * 2008-05-05 2009-11-12 Rupieper, Günter Photovoltaikanlage
DE102008026073A1 (de) 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Sonnenkollektor
DE102010031869A1 (de) * 2010-07-21 2012-01-26 Rolf Smitka Solarkollektor
DE102011014312A1 (de) 2011-03-18 2012-09-20 Thomas Schade Vorrichtung zur Beschattung von Solarkollektoren
DE102011052692A1 (de) * 2011-08-12 2013-02-14 Günter Müller Sonnenkollektor
DE102012006007A1 (de) * 2012-03-24 2013-09-26 Vaillant Gmbh Solarkollektorsystem
AT512988A1 (de) * 2012-04-10 2013-12-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Solarkollektorsystem
DE102012206951A1 (de) 2012-04-26 2013-10-31 Rheinisch-Westfälisch-Technische Hochschule Aachen Sonnenkollektor mit variabler Wärmeabgabe
DE102013221154A1 (de) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Bos Gmbh & Co. Kg Schutzvorrichtung für einen Fahrzeuginnenraum
DE102014221448A1 (de) * 2014-10-22 2016-04-28 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Sonnenkollektor zur Wärmeenergiegewinnung aus Sonnenlicht
DE102017215362A1 (de) * 2017-09-01 2019-03-07 Koenig & Bauer Ag Solaranlage mit einem Solarkollektor
DE102021117087A1 (de) 2021-07-02 2023-01-05 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Photovoltaikanordnung, Abdeckvorrichtung für eine Photovoltaikanordnung sowie Verfahren zum Abdecken eines Photovoltaikmoduls einer Photovoltaikanlage einer Photovoltaikanordnung

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JPH05231077A (ja) * 1992-02-21 1993-09-07 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 二重窓
WO2004036122A1 (fr) * 2002-10-21 2004-04-29 Jolanta Mekal Dispositif d'absorption d'energie solaire

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DE2622718A1 (de) * 1976-05-21 1977-12-01 Gerhard Prof Dr Ing Schenkel Lichtdurchlaessige abdeckung fuer sonnenenergie-flachkollektoren
US4112918A (en) * 1977-03-02 1978-09-12 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Solar energy collector
DE8115159U1 (de) * 1981-05-21 1981-11-26 Fa. Carl Zeiss, 7920 Heidenheim Vorrichtung zum schutz der optischen flaechen von solarkollektoren
JPH05231077A (ja) * 1992-02-21 1993-09-07 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 二重窓
WO2004036122A1 (fr) * 2002-10-21 2004-04-29 Jolanta Mekal Dispositif d'absorption d'energie solaire

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2910600A1 (fr) * 2006-12-26 2008-06-27 Philippe Liot Procede de regulation de la puissance d'une installation de fourniture d'eau chaude
ES2320842A1 (es) * 2007-11-27 2009-05-28 Beatriz Aleixandre Sales Elemento de soporte y proteccion de dispositivos de aprovechamiento solares.
WO2009068717A1 (fr) * 2007-11-27 2009-06-04 Aleixandre Sales, Beatriz Élément de support et de protection de dispositifs d'exploitation solaires
EP2808617A3 (fr) * 2013-05-29 2014-12-31 Lasierra Toldra, Antoni Panneau solaire avec système d'écran
DE102014012201A1 (de) 2014-08-18 2016-02-18 Institut Für Solarenergieforschung Gmbh Bauteil zur solaren Energiegewinnung mit veränderlichem Emissionsgrad

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