WO2006102736A1 - Echangeur thermique a tubes empiles - Google Patents

Echangeur thermique a tubes empiles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006102736A1
WO2006102736A1 PCT/CA2006/000431 CA2006000431W WO2006102736A1 WO 2006102736 A1 WO2006102736 A1 WO 2006102736A1 CA 2006000431 W CA2006000431 W CA 2006000431W WO 2006102736 A1 WO2006102736 A1 WO 2006102736A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tubes
heat exchanger
core
tube
exchanger according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2006/000431
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael A. Martin
Alan K. Wu
Original Assignee
Dana Canada Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dana Canada Corporation filed Critical Dana Canada Corporation
Priority to EP06721699A priority Critical patent/EP1869389A4/fr
Publication of WO2006102736A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006102736A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/26—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F2001/027—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with dimples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/029—Other particular headers or end plates with increasing or decreasing cross-section, e.g. having conical shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00—Spacing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to heat exchangers, and particularly to heat exchangers including a stack of spaced-apart tubes and/or plate pairs which define flow passages for first and second fluids.
  • Heat exchangers are commonly constructed from stacks or bundles of spaced- apart flat tubes, in which the interiors of the tubes define flow passages for a first fluid and in which spaces between adjacent tubes define flow passages for a second fluid.
  • the flat tubes may comprise pairs of flat plates joined together at their margins.
  • the present invention provides a heat exchanger for heat transfer between a first fluid and a second fluid.
  • the heat exchanger comprises: (a) a core comprising a stack of tubes, each of the tubes having a top wall, a bottom wall, side walls connecting the top and bottom walls, a hollow interior enclosed by the top, bottom and side walls, and inlet and outlet openings for the first fluid, wherein each of the tubes has a pair of end portions spaced apart along a longitudinal axis and a central portion located between the end portions, the end portions of adjacent tubes in the stack being sealed to one another along their top and bottom walls, wherein the end portions are greater in height than the central portions of the tubes such that the central portions of adjacent tubes in the stack are spaced from one another; (b) a plurality of first fluid flow passages, each of which comprises the hollow interior of one of the tubes and extends longitudinally from the first fluid inlet opening to the first fluid outlet opening; (c) a plurality of second fluid flow passages, each of which comprises the space between the central portions
  • the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • the method comprises: (a) stacking the tubes to form the core; (b) attaching the U-shaped side plates to opposite sides of the core with one of the longitudinally-extending edges of each side plate engaging the top wall of the uppermost tube in the core and the other edge of each side plate engaging the bottom wall of the lowermost tube in the core, wherein the edges of the side plates frictionally engage the uppermost and lowermost tubes to retain the tubes in position in the core; and (c) heating the core with the attached side plates for a time and at a temperature sufficient to seal the end portions of adjacent tubes together, to seal the longitudinally- extending edges of the side plates to the uppermost and lowermost tubes in the core, and to seal the side plates to the tube side walls in the end portions of the tubes and to tubes to one another and to the side plates.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a cross section along the line 3-3' of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4A is a close-up of area B of Figure 3;
  • Figure 4B is a close-up of area B of Figure 3 according to a variant of the first preferred embodiment
  • Figure 4C is a close-up of area B of Figure 3 according to another variant of the first preferred embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a front elevation view of the heat exchanger of Figure 1 , with the end caps removed;
  • Figure 6 is a front elevation view of one of the tubes making up the heat exchanger of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 7 is a front elevation view of an alternate tube construction for use in a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG 11 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is an exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 13 is a close-up of area C of Figure 5;
  • Figure 14 is a close-up of a portion of a heat exchanger according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view of one plate pair of a heat exchanger according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 16 is an exploded perspective view of a heat exchanger according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG 17 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger of Figure 16.
  • Heat exchangers according to the invention are suited for use as exhaust gas coolers for vehicular applications in which hot exhaust gases are cooled by a liquid coolant, for example to cool or prevent overheating of the catalyst in a catalytic converter and/or to provide supplementary cabin heating. It will, however, be appreciated that the heat exchangers described herein can be applied to a number of different uses other than the cooling of exhaust gases. For example, heat exchangers according to the invention can be used for reformer-based fuel processors.
  • Heat exchanger 10 comprises a core 11 (Figs. 2, 3 and 5) comprising a stack of open-ended tubes 12, each of which has a top wall 14, an opposed bottom wall 16 and a pair of opposed side walls 18, 20.
  • the tubes 12 each have a pair of end portions 22, 24 spaced apart along longitudinal axis A and a central portion 26 located between the end portions 22, 24.
  • the central portions 26 of adjacent tubes 12 are spaced apart while the end portions 22, 24 of adjacent tubes 12 are sealed to one another along their top and bottom walls 14, 16.
  • the tubes 12 have a rectangular cross-section when viewed in a transverse plane, with the top and bottom walls 14,16 being substantially flat and parallel to one another and with the side walls 18,20 being substantially flat and parallel to one another. It will, however, be appreciated that the tubes 12 may be of other suitable shapes, preferably having substantially flat top and bottom walls 14,16.
  • the cross sections of tubes 12 may be shaped as elongate hexagons or as elongate ovals in which the side walls 18, 20 are multi-faceted or rounded.
  • the tubes 12 have an elongate rectangular cross sectional shape, as shown in the drawings, so as to simplify the shapes of other components of the heat exchanger, which are described below.
  • the tubes 12 in heat exchanger 10 are of constant width and have end portions 22, 24 which are expanded in the vertical direction so that the end portions 22, 24 have a height which is greater than a height of the central portions 26 of tubes 12. This permits the central portions 26 of the tubes 12 to be spaced apart while the end portions 22, 24 of adjacent tubes 12 may be sealed directly to one another without the need for a perforated header or tube sheet. It will be appreciated that the width of the tubes is not necessarily constant throughout their length.
  • Heat exchanger 10 includes fluid flow passages for heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, which may be either liquid or gaseous.
  • a plurality of first fluid flow passages 30 is defined by the hollow interiors of tubes 12.
  • Each of the first fluid flow passages 30 extends longitudinally from one open end 34 to another open end 36 of a tube 12.
  • the first fluid is preferably a hot engine exhaust gas.
  • a plurality of second fluid flow passages 38 is defined by the spaces between the central portions 26 of adjacent tubes 12.
  • Each of the second fluid flow passages 38 has a pair of longitudinally-spaced ends 40 and a pair of transversely spaced sides 42. As shown in Figure 3, the second fluid flow passages 38 are sealed along their ends 40 by the sealed end portions 22, 24 of the adjacent tubes 12 between which they are formed.
  • the heat exchanger 10 further comprises a housing 44 which covers the top, bottom and sides of the core 11.
  • the housing 44 is open-ended, has a rectangular transverse cross section and comprises a pair of side plates 46, 48 and a pair of end plates 50, 52.
  • the housing 44 may comprise a pre-formed rectangular casing made from a drawn pipe which is formed into a rectangular shape, or from sheet metal which is stamped or folded into a rectangular shape and joined along a seam by welding or brazing.
  • the housing 44 is shown in the drawings as having a rectangular shape, it will be appreciated that it may have any other suitable shape, depending on the shape of the core 11.
  • the side plates 46, 48 of housing 44 substantially enclose the sides 42 of the second fluid flow passages 38 and may preferably engage the side walls 18, 20 of the tubes 12, thereby substantially preventing bypass flow between the tube side walls 18, 20 and the side plates 46, 48.
  • the side plate 46 is provided with an inlet opening 54 which is formed in a raised inlet manifold 56.
  • the manifold 56 comprises a raised portion of side plate 46 which extends throughout substantially the entire height of the side plate 46 so as to permit flow communication between the inlet opening 54 and each of the second fluid flow passages 38.
  • the other side plate 48 is provided with an outlet opening 58 and an outlet manifold 60 substantially identical to the inlet opening and manifold 54, 56 described above.
  • heat exchanger 10 has inlet and outlet openings 54,58 and the associated manifolds 56, 60 formed in opposite side plates 46,48 of housing 44, they may instead be provided in the same side plate 46 or 48. Furthermore, where the openings 54, 58 are provided in opposite side plates 46, 48, it will be appreciated that they are not necessarily offset from one another. Rather, the openings 54, 58 may be located directly opposite to one another, as will be discussed below in more detail.
  • the end plates 50, 52 extend between and are connected to the side plates 46, 48.
  • an additional second fluid flow passage 62 is formed between the top end plate 50 and the top wall 14 of the uppermost tube 12 of core 11
  • an additional fluid flow passage 64 is formed between the bottom end plate 52 and the bottom wall 16 of the lowermost tube 12 of core 11.
  • These passages 62, 64 are also in communication with the inlet and outlet openings 54, 58 through manifolds 56, 60.
  • housing 44 are sealed to the end portions of the tubes 12 in the core 1 1 , thereby sealing the ends of the second fluid flow passages 38, 62, 64.
  • the ends of top end plate 50 overlap with and sealingly engage the end portions 22, 24 of uppermost tube 12 and the ends of bottom end plate 52 overlap with and sealingly engage the end portions 22, 24 of the lowermost tube 12.
  • the side plates 46, 48 of housing 44 sealingly engage the side walls 18, 20 of tubes 12, at least along their end portions 22, 24, throughout the height of the core 11.
  • the heat exchanger 10 preferably also comprises a pair of end fittings 68 which, in the first preferred embodiment, are identical to each other. Fittings 68 form an inlet and outlet for the first fluid and are in flow communication with the first fluid flow passages 30 at the ends 34, 36 of tubes 12.
  • Each of the end fittings 68 has a longitudinally-extending flange 70 which is of substantially square or rectangular shape. The flange 70 fits over and is sealed to the end portions 22, 24 of the stacked tubes 12 or, as described below in greater detail, may overlap the ends of housing 44.
  • the tubes 12 comprising the core 1 1 are brazed together and the core 1 1 is then slid as a unit into a pre-formed housing 44, with the walls 46, 48, 50 and 52 overlapping the ends 22, 24 of the tubes
  • the end fittings 68 are then slid over the ends of the core 11 , with a small gap 72 being provided between the flange 70 and the housing 44, as shown in the close-up of Figure 4A.
  • the provision of gap 72 is advantageous where the fittings 68, housing 44 and core 11 are simultaneously brazed or welded together.
  • the gap 72 is filled by a filler metal during brazing or welding, and the filler metal is drawn into the gaps between the tubes 12, the housing 44 and the end fittings 68 by capillary flow, thereby ensuring a leak-proof seal.
  • the flanges 70 of fittings 68 may overlap the ends of the housing 44, as shown in the close-up of Figure 4B.
  • the housing 44 may be formed from a sheet of metal which is wrapped around the core 11 , held in tension and then fastened together by welding, mechanical fasteners or staking.
  • the end fittings 68 can be applied to the core either before or after the housing 44.
  • the end fittings 68 may first be applied over the ends of an unbrazed core 11 , whereby frictional engagement between the flanges 70 of the end fittings 68 and the tubes 12 is sufficient to hold the core together during brazing. This reduces or eliminates the need for additional fixturing means to keep the tubes 12 from shifting their relative positions in the tube stack prior to brazing.
  • the end fittings 68 provide "self-fixturing" during assembly of the heat exchanger and simplify the manufacturing process.
  • the fittings 68 and core 11 are then brazed together.
  • the housing 44 is subsequently wrapped around the core 11 and may either overlap the flanges 70 of the end fittings 68, as shown in the close-up of Figure 4C or be spaced from the fittings as in Figure 4A.
  • the housing 44 is then welded to the flanges 70 and to the underlying tubes 12.
  • the central portions 26 of tubes 12 are preferably provided with upstanding protrusions 77 in one or both of their top and bottom walls 14, 16.
  • the upper surfaces 79 of protrusions 77 engage the top or bottom wall 14, 16 or a protrusion 77 of an adjacent tube 12.
  • the protrusions 77 in the top wall 14 of the uppermost tube 12 preferably engage the end wall 50 of housing 44 and the protrusions 77 in the bottom wall 16 of the lowermost tube preferably engage the end wall 52 of housing 44. It will be appreciated that protrusions 77 assist in maintaining the spaces between the central portions 26 of adjacent tubes 12 by providing support between the top and bottom walls 14, 16, thereby enhancing the strength of the heat exchanger 10.
  • the protrusions 77 are in the form of spaced dimples having a truncated cone shape, the upper surfaces 79 of the protrusions being flat.
  • both the top and bottom walls 14, 16 are provided with protrusions 77 arranged in the same pattern so that the upper surfaces 79 of the protrusions 77 of adjacent tubes 12 engage one another as shown in Figure 3.
  • the tubes 12 may be provided with protrusions 77 other than, or in addition to, dimples 77.
  • the tubes could be provided with spaced, angled ribs provided in their top and/or bottom walls 14, 16.
  • the heat exchanger 10 preferably also comprises turbulence-enhancing inserts provided in one or more of the first fluid flow passages 30, preferably in all the first fluid flow passages 30.
  • the turbulence-enhancing inserts comprise a plurality of corrugated fins 80, each of which comprises a plurality of longitudinally-extending fin walls 82 having a height substantially equal to the height of the first fluid flow passages 30 in the central portions 26 of tubes 12.
  • the fin walls 82 are connected by top and bottom walls 83, 84 which are in heat exchange contact with the top and bottom walls 14, 16, respectively, of tubes 12.
  • the top and bottom walls 83, 84 of fins 80 may preferably be flat, although this is not necessary.
  • each of the tubes 12 is comprised of a pair of plates, which in the first preferred embodiment, are identified as upper plate 88 and lower plate 90 ( Figures 5 and 6).
  • Each of the plates have a pair of longitudinally-extending side portions along which the plates 88, 90 are sealed together.
  • the plates 88, 90 are generally U-shaped, with the upper plate 88 having a pair of identical side portions 92 joined by a substantially flat middle portion 96, and the lower plate 90 has a pair of identical side portions 94 joined by a substantially flat middle portion 98.
  • the angle between middle portions 96, 98 and respective side portions 92, 94 is about 90 degrees.
  • the side portions 92, 94 of the plates 88, 90 are preferably in nested relation. This is shown in Figures 5 and 6, from which it can be seen that the shorter side portions 92 of the upper plate 88 are completely nested inside (i.e. between) the relatively longer side portions 94 of lower plate 90, thereby providing good contact for a braze joint between the side portions 92, 94. It can also be seen from the end view of Figure 5 that the side portions 94 of lower plate 90 are sufficiently long to extend up to the top wall 14 of tube 12 in the end portions 22, 24 thereof, and preferably into contact with the bottom wall 16 of an upwardly adjacent tube 12. As shown in Figure 5 and 13, this minimizes the size of the gaps 100 formed between the side walls 18, 20 of adjacent tubes 12, thereby ensuring that a well sealed braze joint will be formed between the side walls of tubes 12 and the side plates 44.
  • the corrugated fin 80 also serves as a spacer to maintain the desired degree of nesting between plates 88, 90 and the height of first fluid flow passages 30.
  • FIG. 7 shows an alternate construction for a heat exchanger tube 102 which, except for the details of its construction described below, is preferably identical to tube 12.
  • the tube 102 comprises a pair of identical U-shaped plates 104 having a pair of side portions 106, 108 joined by a middle portion 1 10.
  • the side portions 106, 108 are of different lengths, with side portion 106 being higher than side portion 108.
  • a corrugated fin 80 is preferably provided for turbulence and to maintain the spacing between the plates 104.
  • Heat exchanger 120 includes a core 11 and end fittings 68 which are identical to those of heat exchanger 10 described above. Heat exchanger 120 differs from heat exchanger 10 in that it does not include a housing 44, but rather utilizes a pair of side plates 122, 124 to seal the sides of the second fluid flow passages 38. Side plate 122 is provided with an inlet opening 126 and an inlet manifold 128 and side plate 124 is provided with an outlet opening 130 and an outlet manifold 132, which are preferably identical to the inlet and outlet openings and manifolds of heat exchanger 10 described above.
  • both the inlet and outlet openings 126, 130 and the associated manifolds 128,132 may instead be provided side-by-side in one of the plates 122 or 124. Where the inlet and outlet openings 126, 130 are provided in opposite side plates 122, 124, they are not necessarily offset from one another, but rather may be directly opposite one another as described below in more detail.
  • Each side plate 122,124 is sealed to the side walls 18, 20 of the tubes 12 along one side of the core 11 , at least in the end portions 22,24 of the tubes 12.
  • the side plates 122,124 are preferably U-shaped, having angled flanges which are sealed to the central portions 26 of the uppermost and lowermost tubes 12 in the core 1 1 , thereby sealing the sides of the second fluid flow passages 38.
  • the flanges preferably terminate short of the end portions 22, 24 of tubes 12.
  • side plate 122 is provided with flanges 134, 136 and side plate 124 is provided with flanges 138, 140.
  • One flange 134 of plate 122 is sealed to the top wall 14 of the uppermost tube12 and, although not visible in the drawings, the other flange 136 is sealed to the bottom wall 16 of the lowermost tube 12. Similarly, the flanges 138,140 of the other plate 124 are sealed to the uppermost and lowermost tubes 12, respectively.
  • the angled flanges of plates 122,124 frictionally engage the uppermost and lowermost tubes 12, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for additional fixturing means to keep the tubes 12 from shifting their relative positions in the core 11 prior to brazing.
  • the side plates 122,124 provide "self-fixturing" during assembly of the heat exchanger and simplify the manufacturing process.
  • Heat exchanger 150 includes a core comprising a stack of tubes 152 which are similar to tubes 12 in that each has a top wall 154, an opposed bottom wall 156 and a pair of side walls 158, 160.
  • the tubes 152 each have a pair of longitudinally spaced end portions 162, 164 and a central portion 166 located between the end portions 162, 164.
  • the end portions 162, 164 of the tubes have a vertical height greater than a height of the central portion, with a raised shoulder 167 being provided between the central portion 166 and the end portions 162, 164. Accordingly, the central portions 166 of adjacent tubes 152 are spaced apart and the end portions 162, 164 of adjacent tubes 152 are sealed to one another along their top and bottom walls 154, 156.
  • tubes 152 and tubes 12 are not open-ended. Rather, the side walls 158, 160 of tube 152 form part of a continuous perimeter wall which seals the periphery of tube 152. Further, in all but the uppermost and lowermost tubes 152, the end portion 162 is provided with aligned openings 168 extending through both the top and bottom walls 154, 156 and the opposite end portion 164 is provided with aligned openings 170 extending through both the top and bottom walls 154, 156. In Figure 11 , the uppermost tube is labeled 152' and the lowermost tube is labeled 152".
  • the end portion 162 is provided with a connection flange 172 which communicates with the aligned openings 168 and the opposite end portion 164 is provided with an opening 170 only in its bottom wall 156. There is no opening 170 in the top wall 154; it is either missing entirely or plugged.
  • the end portion 164 of lowermost tube 152" is provided with a connection flange 172 and, although not seen in the drawings, the opposite end portion 162 is provided with an opening only in its upper wall 154. There is no opening 168 in the bottom wall 156; it is either missing entirely or plugged.
  • the first fluid which may preferably comprise a hot exhaust gas, enters the heat exchanger 150 through one of the connection flanges 172, flows through the interiors of the tubes 152 and exits the heat exchanger 150 through the other connection flange 172.
  • the aligned openings 168 and 170 of tubes 152 provide integrally formed inlet and outlet manifolds and eliminate the need for end fittings as in the first and second embodiments.
  • tubes 152 preferably also have a rectangular cross section and the top and bottom walls 154, 156 are preferably also provided with protrusions 174 which may be in the form of truncated conical dimples. It will be appreciated that the tubes 152 may be provided with protrusions other than, or in addition to, dimples 174. For example, the tubes 152 could be provided with spaced, angled ribs provided in their top and/or bottom walls 154, 156. As shown in Fig. 1 1 , the top wall 154 of uppermost plate 152' may preferably be free of protrusions 174 since they would serve no purpose in heat exchanger 150. The bottom wall 156 of lowermost plate 152" may similarly be free of protrusions 174.
  • the interiors of the first fluid flow passages may preferably be provided with corrugated fins which may be identical to fins 80 described above.
  • a plurality of second fluid flow passages 176 are defined by the spaces between the central portions 166 of adjacent tubes 152.
  • Each second fluid flow passage 176 has a pair of longitudinally spaced ends 178 and a pair of transversely spaced sides 180. As shown in Figure 1 1 , the second fluid flow passages 176 are sealed at their ends 178 by the sealed end portions 162, 164 of the adjacent tubes 152 between which they are formed.
  • Heat exchanger 150 further comprises a pair of side plates 182, 184 which seal the sides 180 of the second fluid flow passages 176.
  • Each of the side plates 182, 184 has a pair of longitudinally-spaced ends 186 and a pair of flanges188.
  • the side plate 182 is provided with both the second fluid inlet and outlet openings 190, 192 while the side plate 184 (of which only one flange is visible in Figure 10) does not have an inlet or outlet for the second fluid.
  • the second fluid inlet and outlet openings 190,192 could instead be provided in opposite side plates 182,184 and may either be offset or directly opposite one another.
  • the second fluid inlet and outlet openings 190, 192 are also shown in Figures 10 and 1 1 as being provided with inlet and outlet fittings 194, 196 respectively.
  • Each side plate 182, 184 is sealed to the side walls 158, 160 of the tubes 152 along one side of the core 1 1 , at least near its ends. Furthermore, the flanges 188 of each side plate 182, 184 are sealed to an uppermost tube 152 in the stack and to the lowermost tube 152 in the stack. Therefore, the side plates 182, 184 seal the sides 180 of the second fluid flow passages 176 as in heat exchanger 120 described above.
  • the side plates 182, 184 are preferably U-shaped, with the flanges 188 being angled relative to the plate side wall 198. The angle between the edges 188 and the plate side wall is preferably about 90 degrees. As with plates 44 described above, the flanges 188 of plates 182, 184 preferably frictionally engage the uppermost and lowermost tubes 152', 152" during assembly, thereby reducing or preferably eliminating the need for additional fixturing means to keep the tubes 152 from shifting their relative positions in the core prior to brazing. Rather than using side plates 182,184, it will be appreciated that the heat exchanger 150 could instead be provided with a housing similar or identical to housing 44 described above.
  • each of the tubes 152 is preferably comprised of a pair of plates, an upper plate 200 and a lower plate 202.
  • Upper plate 200 comprises a substantially flat middle portion 204 a continuous peripheral flange 206 and lower plate 202 similarly comprises a middle portion 208 and a continuous peripheral flange 210.
  • One of the flanges 206, 210 nests within the other flange as described above with reference to heat exchanger 10.
  • FIG 12 illustrates a heat exchanger 250 according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Heat exchanger 250 is a hybrid of the second and third embodiments in that the tubes 252 of heat exchanger 250 have first end portions 254 which are open-ended as in heat exchanger 10 and second end portions 256 which form an integral manifold as in heat exchanger 150.
  • the other components of heat exchanger 250 namely connecting flange 172, side plates 182,184 and end fitting 68, are as described above.
  • Figure 13 is a close-up of area C of Figure 5.
  • filler metal As shown in Figure 13, there is an approximately triangular-shaped gap 100 at the point where two tubes 12 abut the side plates 46,48 (only side plate 48 is shown in Figure 13). If this gap 100 is too large, filler metal will not reliably be drawn into the gap by capillary flow.
  • the tubes 12 and the side plates 46,48 may be modified as shown in Figure 14 so as to provide a narrower gap 262 which will be more readily filled.
  • the shapes of the plates 88,90 making up tubes 12 are somewhat modified to have slightly more rounded edges 264,266 and the height of the side portions 94 of lower plates 90 are somewhat reduced.
  • the side plates 46,48 (only plate 48 is visible in the close-up of Figure 14) are formed with ribs 268, at least near the ends of the side plates 46,48. These ribs 268 extend into the area between adjacent tubes 12 so as to provide a relatively narrow gap 262.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a pair of plates 88' and 90' of a heat exchanger according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Plates 88' and 90' together define a heat exchanger tube 12' which is substantially identical to tubes 12 of heat exchanger 10 described above except that the upper surface 14' of tube 12' is provided with an elongate, upstanding rib 270 extending longitudinally from one end portion 22' and along the central portion 26' of tube 12'.
  • the rib 270 has a height which is substantially the same as that of the end portion 22' and has one end 272 which preferably forms a smooth transition with the end portion 22' of tube 12'.
  • the other end 274 of rib 270 is spaced from the other end portion 24' of tube 12'.
  • the lower surface 16' of tube 12' is provided with an elongate, depressed rib 276 extending longitudinally from end portion 22'.
  • the rib 276 has a height which is substantially the same as that of end portion 22', has one end 278 which preferably forms a smooth transition with the end portion 22' of tube 12' and an opposite end 280 spaced from the other end portion 22'.
  • the same effect will be produced by providing only one of the upper surface 14' or the lower surface 16' of tube 12' with a rib which has a height equal to the height of the second fluid flow passage 38 between adjacent tubes 12'.
  • the ribs 270, 276 of adjacent tubes 12' engage one another, thereby forming a barrier against transverse flow of the second fluid directly across the core. Rather, the second fluid must flow around the flow barrier formed by ribs 270, 276 and pass through a gap between the ends 274, 280 of ribs 270, 276 and the end portions 24' of the adjacent tubes 12'.
  • Heat exchanger 300 includes a core 1 1 and a pair of end fittings 68 which are shown as being identical to those of heat exchangers 10 and 120 described above. Heat exchanger 300 further comprises a pair of side plates 122', 124' which are similar to side plates 122, 124 of heat exchanger 120 and are therefore described using like reference numerals.
  • side plates 122', 124' seal the sides of the second fluid flow passages 38.
  • Side plate 122' is provided with an inlet opening 126' and a raised inlet manifold 128' and side plate 124' is provided with an outlet opening 130' and a raised outlet manifold 132'.
  • Heat exchanger 300 further comprises a pair of end plates 302, 304 which, in the preferred embodiment of Figures 16 and 17, are flat and rectangular.
  • the end plates are of a length sufficient to overlap with and sealingly engage the end portions 22, 24 of the uppermost and lowermost tubes 12 of the core 11.
  • the end plates 302, 304 preferably are of substantially the same width as the core 11. Therefore, additional second fluid flow passages are formed between the end plates 302, 304 and the core 11 , in an identical manner as described above with reference to the end plates 50, 52 of heat exchanger 10.
  • Each side plate 122', 124' overlaps and is sealed to sides of the core 11 in the manner described above with reference to heat exchanger 150.
  • the side plates 122', 124' are preferably U-shaped, having angled flanges which are sealed to the end plates 302, 304, thereby sealing the sides of the second fluid flow passages 38.
  • the flanges preferably extend the full length of the end plates 302, 304.
  • side plate 122' is provided with flanges 134', 136' and side plate 124' is provided with flanges 138', 140'.
  • One flange 134' of plate 122' is sealed to the upper end plate 302 the other flange 136' is sealed to the lower end plate 304.
  • the flanges 138',140' of the other plate 124' are sealed to the upper and lower end plates 302, 304, respectively.
  • the angled flanges 134', 136', 138', 140' of plates 122', 124' frictionally engage the end plates 302, 304, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for additional fixturing means to keep the end plates 302, 304 and the tubes 12 of core 11 from shifting their relative positions prior to being joined, for example by brazing.
  • the side plates 122', 124' provide "self-fixturing" during assembly of the heat exchanger and simplify the manufacturing process.
  • the heat exchanger 300 is shown in its assembled state in Figure 17.
  • the flanges 70 of end fittings 68 may preferably be spaced from the side plates 122', 124' and the end plates 302, 304 in the manner described above with reference to Figure 4A.
  • the end plates 302, 304 may be overlapped by the fittings 68 in the manner shown in Figure 4B, in which case it may be preferred to use side plates 122, 124 identical to those of heat exchanger 150 in which the flanges 134, 136, 138, 140 which terminate short of the ends of the plates 122, 124 such that the flanges are not overlapped by the fittings 68.
  • the end plates 302, 304 may overlap the fittings 68 in the manner shown in Figure 4C.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un échangeur thermique sans colonne comprenant un noyau constitué d’une pile de tubes plats de coupe rectangulaire à travers lesquels passe un premier fluide de transfert de chaleur. Les tubes s’allongent en hauteur au niveau de leurs parties d’extrémité afin de prévoir des espaces entre les paires de plaques adjacentes pour le passage d’un second fluide de transfert de chaleur entre les tubes. Les côtés des tubes sont coplanaires, au moins au niveau des parties d’extrémité des tubes, afin de prévoir des surfaces planes le long desquelles le noyau est scellé aux plaques latérales de l’échangeur thermique, par exemple par brasage ou soudage. Les plaques latérales peuvent être formées séparément ou peuvent comprendre une partie d’un logement continu. Les tubes sont, de préférence, formés à partir de paires de plaques comportant des parois latérales emboîtées.
PCT/CA2006/000431 2005-04-01 2006-03-21 Echangeur thermique a tubes empiles WO2006102736A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06721699A EP1869389A4 (fr) 2005-04-01 2006-03-21 Echangeur thermique a tubes empiles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2,503,424 2005-04-01
CA 2503424 CA2503424A1 (fr) 2005-04-01 2005-04-01 Echangeur thermique a tubes empiles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006102736A1 true WO2006102736A1 (fr) 2006-10-05

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EP (1) EP1869389A4 (fr)
CN (1) CN101184972A (fr)
CA (1) CA2503424A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006102736A1 (fr)

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EP2154460A2 (fr) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-17 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Refroidisseur de gaz d'échappement
FR2936043A1 (fr) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-19 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Echangeur de chaleur a tubes
JP2011002133A (ja) * 2009-06-17 2011-01-06 Denso Corp 高温ガス冷却用熱交換器
JP2011163642A (ja) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-25 T Rad Co Ltd ヘッダプレートレス用熱交換器の偏平チューブ
CN102226655A (zh) * 2011-05-11 2011-10-26 林志辉 蜂窝束管式热交换器及其制造工艺
US20130213621A1 (en) * 2012-02-21 2013-08-22 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Plate type heat exchanger
JP2013238393A (ja) * 2013-08-07 2013-11-28 T Rad Co Ltd ヘッダプレートレス型の熱交換器
EP2469211A3 (fr) * 2010-12-27 2014-03-05 Maruyasu Industries Co., Ltd. Échangeur thermique à plusieurs tubes
JP2014052086A (ja) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-20 T Rad Co Ltd ヘッダプレートレス熱交換器
JP2014081175A (ja) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-08 T Rad Co Ltd 排気熱交換器のケーシング接続構造
ES2463616A1 (es) * 2012-11-28 2014-05-28 Valeo Térmico, S. A. Intercambiador de calor para gases, en especial de los gases de escape de un motor
JP2014112013A (ja) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-19 Maruyasu Industries Co Ltd 排気ガス熱交換器
CN103890524A (zh) * 2011-06-30 2014-06-25 法雷奥热系统公司 特别用于机动车辆的热交换器
EP2787211A1 (fr) * 2011-11-30 2014-10-08 Tokyo Radiator Mfg. Co., Ltd. Refroidisseur egr
WO2015056812A1 (fr) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-23 株式会社ティラド Échangeur thermique sans plaque collectrice
JP2015090865A (ja) * 2013-11-04 2015-05-11 スカンビア ホールディングス キプロス リミテッド 燃料電池ユニットおよび構成部品を備える装置、そのような装置で使用するための構成部品ユニットおよびスタック構成部品
JP2015194324A (ja) * 2014-03-27 2015-11-05 株式会社ティラド ヘッダープレートレス熱交換器
EP2711659A3 (fr) * 2012-09-19 2016-01-06 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur thermique
EP3258203A1 (fr) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-20 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à ailettes fines complexes
EP3499170A1 (fr) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-19 United Technologies Corporation Entrée d'embouchure de cloche d'échangeur de chaleur
EP3550248A1 (fr) * 2018-03-16 2019-10-09 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Renforcement de noyau d'échangeur de chaleur intégré
CN110622349A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2019-12-27 达纳加拿大公司 具有侧入口配件的逆流式热交换器
US11365942B2 (en) 2018-03-16 2022-06-21 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Integral heat exchanger mounts

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FR2933177B1 (fr) * 2008-06-26 2018-05-25 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Branche Thermique Moteur Echangeur de chaleur et carter pour l'echangeur
CN102080867A (zh) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-01 张岩 温度置换式预调温气体交换器
FR2977307B1 (fr) * 2011-06-30 2013-08-09 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Boitier d'echangeur a plaques empilees et echangeur comprenant un tel boitier
JP6455940B2 (ja) * 2013-04-24 2019-01-23 デーナ、カナダ、コーパレイシャン 給気冷却器用のフィン支持構造
JP5989619B2 (ja) * 2013-09-13 2016-09-07 株式会社ティラド ヘッダープレートレス熱交換器のタンク構造
WO2016049776A1 (fr) * 2014-10-03 2016-04-07 Dana Canada Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à joint de dérivation autostatique
US10906142B2 (en) * 2016-11-18 2021-02-02 Hidaka Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Stacking apparatus for heat exchanger cores
PL3388773T3 (pl) 2017-04-14 2021-02-08 Valeo Autosystemy Sp. Z.O.O. Wymiennik ciepła dla pojazdów silnikowych
WO2019131571A1 (fr) * 2017-12-27 2019-07-04 株式会社ティラド Échangeur de chaleur du type dépourvu de plaques du collecteur
CN111819403B (zh) * 2018-03-07 2022-07-08 达纳加拿大公司 带有一体式电加热元件和多个流体流动通路的热交换器
CN110388839A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-10-29 胡志鹏 热交换器及燃气锅炉
CN110579121A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-17 佛山市科蓝环保科技股份有限公司 一种交叉式换热结构及带有该换热结构的换热装置
CN110686550A (zh) * 2019-11-18 2020-01-14 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种印刷电路板换热器紧凑式均匀过度接口及其制备工艺

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Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2154460A2 (fr) * 2008-08-12 2010-02-17 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Refroidisseur de gaz d'échappement
EP2154460A3 (fr) * 2008-08-12 2013-09-04 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Refroidisseur de gaz d'échappement
FR2936043A1 (fr) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-19 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Echangeur de chaleur a tubes
JP2011002133A (ja) * 2009-06-17 2011-01-06 Denso Corp 高温ガス冷却用熱交換器
US8708036B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2014-04-29 Denso Corporation Heat exchanger for cooling high-temperature gas
DE102010023733B4 (de) * 2009-06-17 2019-09-26 Denso Corporation Wärmetauscher zum Kühlen von Gas von hoher Temperatur
JP2011163642A (ja) * 2010-02-09 2011-08-25 T Rad Co Ltd ヘッダプレートレス用熱交換器の偏平チューブ
EP2469211A3 (fr) * 2010-12-27 2014-03-05 Maruyasu Industries Co., Ltd. Échangeur thermique à plusieurs tubes
CN102226655A (zh) * 2011-05-11 2011-10-26 林志辉 蜂窝束管式热交换器及其制造工艺
CN103890524B (zh) * 2011-06-30 2018-02-16 法雷奥热系统公司 特别用于机动车辆的热交换器
CN103890524A (zh) * 2011-06-30 2014-06-25 法雷奥热系统公司 特别用于机动车辆的热交换器
EP2787211A4 (fr) * 2011-11-30 2015-12-16 Tokyo Radiator Seizo Kk Refroidisseur egr
US9909475B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2018-03-06 Tokyo Radiator Mfg. Co., Ltd. EGR cooler
EP3273197A1 (fr) * 2011-11-30 2018-01-24 Tokyo Radiator Mfg. Co., Ltd. Refroidisseur egr
EP2787211A1 (fr) * 2011-11-30 2014-10-08 Tokyo Radiator Mfg. Co., Ltd. Refroidisseur egr
US20130213621A1 (en) * 2012-02-21 2013-08-22 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Plate type heat exchanger
CZ306904B6 (cs) * 2012-02-21 2017-09-06 Hanon Systems Skládaný deskový výměník
JP2014052086A (ja) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-20 T Rad Co Ltd ヘッダプレートレス熱交換器
EP3054259A1 (fr) * 2012-09-19 2016-08-10 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Procede de fabrication d'un echangeur thermique
EP2711659A3 (fr) * 2012-09-19 2016-01-06 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur thermique
JP2014081175A (ja) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-08 T Rad Co Ltd 排気熱交換器のケーシング接続構造
ES2463616A1 (es) * 2012-11-28 2014-05-28 Valeo Térmico, S. A. Intercambiador de calor para gases, en especial de los gases de escape de un motor
JP2014112013A (ja) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-19 Maruyasu Industries Co Ltd 排気ガス熱交換器
JP2013238393A (ja) * 2013-08-07 2013-11-28 T Rad Co Ltd ヘッダプレートレス型の熱交換器
WO2015056812A1 (fr) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-23 株式会社ティラド Échangeur thermique sans plaque collectrice
US9819044B2 (en) 2013-11-04 2017-11-14 Bosal Emission Control Systems Nv Apparatus comprising a fuel cell unit and a component, and a stack component for use in such an apparatus
EP2869384A3 (fr) * 2013-11-04 2015-09-09 Scambia Holdings Cyprus Limited Appareil comprenant une unité de pile à combustible et un composant, et composant de pile destiné à être utilisé dans un tel appareil
JP2015090865A (ja) * 2013-11-04 2015-05-11 スカンビア ホールディングス キプロス リミテッド 燃料電池ユニットおよび構成部品を備える装置、そのような装置で使用するための構成部品ユニットおよびスタック構成部品
US10355301B2 (en) 2013-11-04 2019-07-16 Bosal Emission Control Systems Nv Apparatus comprising a fuel cell unit and a component, and a stack component for use in such an apparatus
JP2015194324A (ja) * 2014-03-27 2015-11-05 株式会社ティラド ヘッダープレートレス熱交換器
EP3258203A1 (fr) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-20 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à ailettes fines complexes
CN110622349A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2019-12-27 达纳加拿大公司 具有侧入口配件的逆流式热交换器
CN110622349B (zh) * 2017-05-16 2023-05-02 达纳加拿大公司 具有侧入口配件的逆流式热交换器
EP3499170A1 (fr) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-19 United Technologies Corporation Entrée d'embouchure de cloche d'échangeur de chaleur
US11365942B2 (en) 2018-03-16 2022-06-21 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Integral heat exchanger mounts
EP3550248A1 (fr) * 2018-03-16 2019-10-09 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Renforcement de noyau d'échangeur de chaleur intégré
US11740036B2 (en) 2018-03-16 2023-08-29 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Integral heat exchanger mounts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101184972A (zh) 2008-05-21
EP1869389A4 (fr) 2010-07-14
EP1869389A1 (fr) 2007-12-26
CA2503424A1 (fr) 2006-10-01

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