WO2006091126A1

WO2006091126A1 - High-production device for dough semi-products with filling

Info

Publication number: WO2006091126A1
Application number: PCT/RU2006/000080
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alexei Nikolaevich Shamaev; Oleg Petrovich Makarov
Original assignee: Alexei Nikolaevich Shamaev
Priority date: 2005-02-25
Filing date: 2006-02-21
Publication date: 2006-08-31
Also published as: EA008230B1; RU2598140C9; RU2598140C1; EA200600288A1; RU2272410C1; UA86944C2

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to make it possible to produce a composite food semiproduct consisting of a shell and a filling. Said invention enables to design a high efficient pelmene-producing device. The inventive device is characterised by the specific structural design of the components thereof.

Description

HIGH PERFORMANCE DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS FROM START TEST

Technical field

The claimed invention relates to the food industry. In particular, it can be used in meat and meat processing, as well as in the fish and fish processing industry.

Distinctive features of the claimed invention can be implemented in high-performance equipment of culinary and confectionery industries, catering facilities (in units of canteens, restaurants, cafes).

The claimed invention is intended to provide high-performance manufacturing of a composite semi-finished food product that allows deep freezing. At the same time, in the materials presented, semi-finished products generally mean blanks from the shell (mainly consisting of dough) with a filling of viscous consistency (for example, with minced meat), such as sausages, dumplings, ravioli, dumplings, pies, tartlets, etc.

State of the art

• A device is known for the manufacture of semi-finished products (Patent of the Russian Federation for utility model W 39448), including: a) means for forming a dough piece - rolling made with the possibility of forming at least two ribbons from the sheath material by means of mechanisms, in particular, by at least two mechanisms containing two rollers rotating towards each other, in the particular case, at least two rollers rotating towards each other, mounted relative to each other with a given gap, b) a means for supplying fillings with a fragment of a wedge shape, the vertex oriented towards the semi molding zone - farshepitatel configured with the possibility of supplying the filling or its portion between the tapes, c) the filling injection unit is a dispenser (fillings) made with the possibility of dosed, in the particular case, portioned injection of the filling into the meat feeder, for example, through (otherwise, through) outlet (e) channels ( s), d) the zone of forming semi-finished products into which the tapes and filling are fed, in the particular case of its portion, are cells (molding) located in close proximity to each other and having a given shape of the internal surfaces corresponding to the shape of the resulting semi-finished products, or including inserts of the corresponding form, for example, cup-shaped elements - screens, e) stamping mechanism - drums (with many cells) installed with the possibility of rotation towards each other in opposite directions, and e) ejector means - pusher located in the cells and made with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the cell. Additionally, such a device contains various kinematic circuits, closed at least one power unit.

This device is selected as a prototype of the claimed object.

The prototype dispenser is arranged as follows. It contains storage cavities - cylindrical channels - with pistons, exhaust channels by the number of storage cavities, a pushing system made in the form of a cam and designed to act on the pistons, as well as a filling distributor configured to overlap the storage cavities and mounted on one shaft with a pushing system. In this case, the filling distributor has through holes passing through the filling from the storage cavities to the exhaust channels, as well as a pocket facing the storage cavities, which communicates with the shaft, which, in turn, is hollow for supplying the filling therein under pressure. The prototype cells are arranged as follows. Their inlets are predominantly oval. At the same time, at least a part of such holes is surrounded by an annular ledge — a perimeter sample, the working surface of which is designed to form the edge part of semi-finished products. In addition, the placement of a device for forming a relief pattern on the surface of semi-finished products is provided in the forming cells.

The prototype does not require highly qualified staff and ensures the production of semi-finished products with an attractive appearance.

In this case, however, the prototype has some drawbacks: when molding tapes, overheating and drying of the shell material occurs

- it is difficult to configure rolling on various materials. shells,

- the tape at the exit of the rolling is torn,

- it is difficult to configure the output from rolling the tape of a given thickness,

- there is a capture of the shell material by a roller or one of the rollers,

- due to uncontrolled tightening of the tape, due to the heterogeneity of the shell material and the heterogeneity associated with such a tightening, there is a high probability of marriage in the work of the extreme cells of the drum, associated, in particular, with the opening of the shell of the semi-finished products,

- it is difficult to remove excess shell material,

- not guaranteed guaranteed tape covering the working area of the drums,

- assembly and commissioning is difficult,

- different rolling mechanisms are loaded,

- difficult sanitization, in particular, disassembly of the device is difficult, - excess pressure in the zone of formation of tapes, which leads to excessive stresses in the tapes themselves, leading to their defective deformations,

- the guaranteed clamping of the tapes to the drums is not provided, - the tapes are sprayed with the filling,

- the constancy of the mass of portions of the filling is not ensured due to the presence in the filling of a large amount of elastically deformable air,

- does not ensure the constancy of the parameters of the pulsed filling,

- high energy consumption is assumed,

- dispenser parts wear out quickly,

- the filling supply stability is not ensured,

- the identity of the portions is not ensured with the simultaneous and sequential supply of the filling over different cells,

- reliable bonding of the tapes is not provided, or an excessively wide edged portion of the semi-finished product is obtained,

- semi-finished products are obtained with defective surface shape deviations,

- semi-finished products are poorly separated from the cells and the pusher,

- the stamping mechanism (drums) wears out quickly,

- drums are difficult to manufacture,

- the waste of the tape is large, - the deformation of the shell of the semi-finished products is great (in particular, its uneven thickening), which is associated with the extrusion of the shell material from the working zone into the cells of the zone of forming the semi-finished products,

- great effort molding of semi-finished products associated with a large area of the outer surface of the drums outside the cells,

- the occurrence of a test fold,

- it is difficult to remove a flock of shell material,

- high demands are placed on the manufacture of drums with specified dimensions and tolerances, - it is difficult to remove the drums, for example, to replace them or sanitation,

- for the sanitation of the drums, a complete disassembly of the device with a violation of kinematic connections is required,

- rigidity and stability of the structure is ensured by increasing material consumption,

- the appearance of a “textile loop” in front of the forming zone is likely, which requires interrupting the manufacturing process of semi-finished products and eliminating excess material of the shell,

- likely to break the tapes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the invention, reflecting the overall technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed objects,

- the creation of a high-performance device for the production of ravioli with an optimal (in terms of attractiveness) appearance (without burrs, burrs, defective surface shape deviations) and the ratio of sizes and parameters.

In this aspect of the present invention also make it possible: to simplify the design of equipment for the production of semi-finished products, to reduce their consumption of materials and improve compactness, portability, • reduce the ^{'requirements} for qualified personnel.

Including the claimed technical result from the use of the presented inventions is: - elimination of the formation of chips in the shell, as well as micro- and macrocracks;

- ensuring uniform shell thickness;

- the exclusion of adhesion of the shell to the parts of the device;

- simplification of the sanitary processing of parts and assemblies; - providing the ability to give semi-finished products the shape of semi-finished products of manual manufacture;

- improving the quality of gluing sheets;

- increase the service life of equipment;

- minimize shell wastes; - reduction of marriage. The achievement of the claimed technical result is facilitated by the inclusion in a known device containing: a) a means for forming a dough piece - rolling, made with the possibility of forming at least two tapes from the sheath material by means of mechanisms, and in the particular case, at least two mechanisms containing two, and in in the particular case - at least two rollers rotating towards each other, installed relative to each other with a given gap, b) means of filling with a wedge-shaped fragment, oriented the top in the direction of the zone of forming semi-finished products is a meat feeder, made with the possibility of feeding the filling, and in the particular case its portions, between the tapes, c) the filling injection unit is the dispenser (fillings), made with the possibility of dosed, in the particular case, portioned injection fillings in the meat feeder, for example, by means of (otherwise, through) the outlet (e) channels (s), d) the zone for forming semi-finished products, into which tapes and portions - cells are fed

(molding) located in close proximity to each other and having a given shape of internal surfaces corresponding to the shape of the semi-finished products obtained, or including inserts of the corresponding shape, for example, cup-shaped elements - screens, e) stamping mechanism - drums (with many cells) installed with the possibility of rotation towards each other in opposite directions, and e) ejector means - pusher - located in the cells and made with the possibility of reciprocating perforation relative to the cell, and additionally, various kinematic chains closed on at least one power unit, while the dispenser may contain storage cavities - cylindrical channels - with pistons, exhaust channels according to the number of storage cavities, a pushing system made in the form of a cam and designed to effects on the pistons, as well as the filling distributor, made with the possibility of overlapping storage cavities and mounted (placed) on one shaft with a pushing system, the filling distributor may have through holes passing through the filling from the storage cavities to the exhaust channels, as well as a pocket facing the storage cavities that communicates with the shaft, which in turn, it can be made hollow for supplying fillings under it under pressure, and the cells can have oval-shaped inlet openings, while at least part of such openings can yt surrounded by an annular shoulder - sample perimeter working surface which is intended for molding the semi-finished edge portion, and in addition to forming the cells can be provided forming means for placing a pattern on the surface of the semifinished following main and partial distinctive features.

The rolling may contain a pressure roller, made with the possibility of its location relative to one of the mentioned rollers with some clearance, for example, with a minimum clearance of about 0.1 mm, and relative to another with a large gap, for example, lying in the range from 10 's to 100 s, while the gap between the rollers themselves lies in the range from s to 10 * s and, accordingly, is 0.1 ... 1 mm.

A roller with a minimum clearance with the roller can be made with a radius larger than the radius of the roller, while a roller with a large gap with the roller can be made with a radius approximately equal to the radius of the roller. So, for example, a roller that has a minimum clearance with the roller may have a radius of about 100 mm, and one that has a large clearance with the roller may have a radius of about 25% less than that indicated.

The rollers and the roller can be kinematically connected, for example, by means of a gear transmission, and at the same time communication should ensure the equality of the linear velocities of their working surfaces during rotation of the rollers and rollers.

The roller mount can be adapted to change or adjust a large gap. So, for example, the roller mount can be made with the possibility of moving the latter around the circumference relative to the roller, which has a minimum clearance with the drum, while the approximate constancy of the minimum clearance should be ensured. The fastening of at least one of the rollers can be made with the possibility of changing or adjusting the gap between the rollers.

So, for example, the fastening of one of the rollers can be made with the possibility of its rotation relative to an axis spaced more than 0.1 mm from the axis of its working surface.

For this, such a roller can be planted on a sleeve or axis with an eccentricity of the inner and outer surfaces greater than 0.1 mm. Each of the mechanisms can have an independent drive, for example, a separate electric motor.

Additionally, the device may include a preliminary rolling unit of the shell material, configured to receive a blank of shell material with a thickness exceeding a large (larger) gap.

The rolling may also include plates for removing tapes from the rollers.

If the width of the working zone, defined as the eventual separation zone of semi-finished products, for which the smallest possible distance between the surfaces of the drums outside the cells, on the outer surface of the drums in the direction of their axes is 1 (more than 33, but less than 333 mm), then the width of the working tapes the surfaces of the rollers can be from 1.03-1 to 1.33-1. Rollers by means of pressure plates can be assembled in a block, for example, made with the possibility of moving approximately along the working surfaces of the rollers.

Guides for the rotational movement of the rollers in the form of sliding or rolling bearings, on which the axis of the rollers can be mounted, can be made in the pressure plates.

At least on one side of the block, the axis of the rollers may protrude beyond the pressure plate. The plates can be fastened by means of at least one hairpin, the ends of which can be rigidly fixed relative to the axis of rotation of the drums, for example, in a frame.

On the supporting surfaces of the plate may contain an anti-friction coating or anti-friction linings.

So, for example, a teflon coating may be applied to the supporting surfaces of the plate, or a fluoroplastic gasket may be installed.

The block may also include a roller. Each of the rolling mechanisms can have an independent drive.

The apparatus may further include a ^'pre-rolling assembly of the shell material, adapted to obtain the preform material shell with a width smaller than the width of the working surfaces of the rollers.

The relative orientation of the drums and the meat feeder can be such that the minimum distance between their surfaces will be more than 0.5, but less than 2 mm, and this will ensure a guaranteed design clearance between the meat feeder and the belts in excess of 0.1 mm.

Moreover, the height of the wedge-shaped fragment can be more than 10, but less than 100 mm, and the angle at its apex can exceed 10 °.

The edge at the apex of the wedge-shaped fragment can be blunted and have a radius of curvature greater Oh, 1 mm.

The meat feeder may have at least one outlet, for example, of an elongated shape with a ratio of the largest to smallest in excess of 1.2. The number of minced meat outlet openings may be greater than or equal to the number of cells located on the drums in the same way relative to their outer surfaces forming them.

The minimum radius of curvature of the outlet of the meat feeder can exceed 1 mm, while its largest size does not exceed 30 mm.

The device may further include a dispenser containing outlet channels in an amount equal to the number of outlet openings, and the dispenser may be connected to the meat feeder with a flexible or rigid pipe with a number of independent directions equal to the number of outlet channels, and such directions can have approximately the same length not exceeding 1.5 m each with approximately the same minimum area of passage openings greater than 100 mm ² .

The filling dispenser pocket can be connected to the cavity of the dispenser shaft through an opening made in the dispenser body, while the volumes of the storage tanks can be approximately equal and at the same time not exceed 30,000 mm ³ each.

The distributor can be integral with the metering shaft or can be rigidly mounted on the shaft and at the same time additionally fixed relative to the latter by means of a key. The length along the axis of each of the through holes of the distributor, determined by the thickness of the corresponding part of the latter, can be at least 10 but not more than 60 mm, and the diameter of such holes can be less than the diameter of the inlets of the storage tanks in which the pistons are located. The drive of the metering shaft, which drives the latter into rotational motion, can be made in the form of gear or chain gears, and the final drive element can be fixed relative to the shaft by means of a key.

The mounting device on the shaft of the functional elements of the dispenser, such as: the final drive element and / or the pushing system, and / or the distributor, can be configured to adjust the angular position of the pushing system relative to the distributor.

So, for example, the final drive element can be pressed against the cam by means of a nut, and at the same time, a certain mutual orientation of the cam and said element can be ensured by the protruding pin of the cam, which is included in one of the positioning holes of the said element.

The distributor may include two or more through holes, while the angular distance between the axes of adjacent through holes, measured from the axis of the shaft, should not exceed 180 °.

The cam of the pushing system of the dispenser may have at least two protruding parts.

Additionally, the device may include a stamping mechanism and a meat feeder, while the distributor can be kinematically connected with the drums in such a way that the moment when the through opening of the distributor closes the inlet opening of the storage tank coincides with the moment of closest approach of the lower edges of the drum cells closest to each other with the inner contour surface - cells, forming during the rotation of one of the drums the zone of formation of semi-finished products, with a symmetric tolerance, oryayuschim condition

A≤ljτ, (1) Where

Δ is the symmetric tolerance for the coincidence of the moment when the through-hole of the distributor closes the inlet of the storage tank with the moment of the closest approximation of the lower edges of the drum cells closest to each other, g is the propagation time of the pulse received in the pipeline from the piston.

With the specified kinematic connection, the dimensions of the through-hole of the distributor and the inlet of the storage tank can be made so that, following the indicated overlap of the holes, they completely overlap, respectively, with the object in which the tanks are made, and with the dispenser, when the upper edges of the respective cells come closer together after molding at least 1/3 of the semi-finished .

The dispenser can be connected to a stuffing pump forcing the filling into the cavity of the dispenser shaft.

At the output of the stuffing pump, an adjustable gate valve can be installed that is capable of controlling the filling pressure in the cavity.

A stuffing pump can use a variable frequency drive. To do this, the stuffing pump may include an induction motor and, for example, a centrifugal pump with an impeller. The stuffer can be installed at a distance from the zone of forming semi-finished products, not exceeding the maximum radius of the outer surface of the drums, while the dispenser can be made in the form of a stuffer feeder structural element located above the top of the wedge-shaped fragment, while a pipe can be brought to the latter, for example, through an opening, connected to the stuffing pump.

The dispenser may include a valve, which is a cylinder, and the latter may include at least one transverse hole of a given diameter. The valve can be kinematically connected to the actuator, from which it receives rotation around its axis, while a gear or chain transmission with a finite element in the form of an asterisk can be used. The cylinder may include at least one group of intersecting transverse holes of a given diameter, the minimum angles between the axes of the nearest of which are approximately the same.

The cylinder (valve) may be surrounded by a sleeve with a through hole.

The dispenser may include a nozzle and a valve made in the form of a screw or bolt, or threaded rod.

The cylinder may include several groups of intersecting transverse holes of a given diameter spaced apart by more than 5 mm, the minimum angles between the axes of the nearest of which are the same.

The cylinder may include at least one pair of groups, the axis of the openings of which are parallel in pairs.

The cylinder may include at least one pair of groups, the axes of all holes of which are not parallel.

The cylinder (valve) may be surrounded by a sleeve with through holes in an amount equal to the number of groups of holes on the cylinder.

The dispenser may include a nozzle, which may include holes in the number of groups of holes of the cylinder and valve, made in the form of screws and / or bolts, and / or threaded rods, one for each hole of the nozzle.

Valves can be screwed onto fluoroplastic seals. The dispenser may contain a chamber for uniform filling with the filling at a given pressure, the volume of which exceeds 10 000 mm ³ .

A damper can be located in the chamber, which is a piston or membrane spring-loaded by an elastic element or elastic medium, into the space behind which through the inlet valve is pressurized.

The valve can be kinematically connected with the drums in such a way that the moment when the cylinder bore of the bushing or nozzle overlaps with the cylinder bore approximately coincides with the moment of closest approximation of the lower edges of the drum cells, the cells forming the semi-finished product forming zone, which are closest to each other.

With the specified kinematic connection, the dimensions of the transverse bore of the cylinder and the holes of the sleeve or nozzle can be made so that they can completely overlap the holes after the indicated overlap with the sleeve or nozzle and cylinder, respectively, when the upper edges of the respective cells come together after molding at least 1/3 of the semi-finished product. At the output of the stuffing pump or at the inlet of the stuffer, an adjustable gate valve can be installed, made with the possibility of controlling the filling pressure in the chamber.

A stuffing pump can use a variable frequency drive. The stuffing pump may include an induction motor and, for example, a centrifugal impeller pump.

The depth of sampling along the perimeter of the cells can be more than a quarter, but less than twice the average thickness of the tapes, while the area of its working surface must satisfy the condition

where kg = 20 mm ² , о is the average perimeter of the contour of the cell inlet openings, k∑ = 50 mm ² , and the width of such a sample, as well as the curvature of the contour of the cell inlet, are not constant, and on average the sample width is larger in that part cells, where the contour of the inlet has a large curvature, whereas the maximum sample width exceeds the minimum, and the maximum size, covering the contour of the cell inlet, exceeds the minimum by no less than 10, but no more than 100%. At least part of the cells may include on their lateral surface a translational motion guide or a lock such as “lock”, made with the possibility of installing devices for forming a relief pattern on the surface of semi-finished products.

The cell may contain a device for forming a relief pattern on the surface of the semi-finished products, including at least one plate-shaped fragment and one cylindrical fragment located in the cell, while the maximum transverse size of such a fragment (the last mentioned) is more than a quarter of the average thickness of the tapes, but less than half the minimum size covering the contour of the cell inlet.

The device for forming a relief pattern may contain both cells of the pair constituting the semi-finished product molding zone, and in this case, the corresponding plate-shaped fragments can be arranged so that they are crossed in the semi-finished product molding zone, and the corresponding cylindrical fragments can be located so that in the semi-finished product molding zone they are located opposite one another.

The mentioned fragments of a cylindrical shape can be made with such longitudinal dimensions or installed in a cell in such a way that, at maximum approximation, the minimum distance between them is commensurate with the average thickness of the tapes (no more than twice the width of the tapes).

At least in part of the cells, membranes made of plastically deformable material, such as rubber, whose edges can be rigidly fixed near the input contour, can be installed behind their inlet openings. cell openings.

So, for example, the membrane can be installed through a threaded ring into a threaded sleeve, which can be screwed into the drum body from the side of its outer surface.

Membranes can have a variable thickness. Membranes can be made easily removable. The cells can be located on the drum in such a way that with a maximum size covering the contour of the inlet, they will be oriented mainly in the direction of their movement.

The cells can be located on the drum in such a way that the maximum size covering the contour of the inlet, they will be oriented mainly across the direction of their movement, while the ratio of the average maximum size covering the contour of the inlet of the cells, measured in the direction of their movement, to the average minimum size , covered by the contour of the inlet openings of the cells, will be greater than or equal to 1.1.

The device may contain a pusher including rods to which screens located in the cells can be attached, with a minimum clearance between the surfaces of the latter and the inner side surfaces of the cells exceeding 0.15, but in the particular case less than 0.5 mm, and at the bottom of the cells through holes can be made for the free penetration of such rods into them, while the device can further include a rod movement mechanism configured to provide translational movement of the screens relative to the corresponding cells, and such a mechanism can be made with the possibility of providing a relatively slow smooth movement of the screens towards the inlet of the cells and, in comparison with it, the fast movement of the screens in the opposite direction to the bottom. Screens can be made of a material that has little adhesion to the sheath material, such as fluoroplastic, or can have, at least on its working surface, an appropriate coating, such as Teflon.

The rod movement mechanism may include a cam comprising a step whose height is greater than or equal to the maximum stroke of the screens in the cells.

The cam can be freely mounted on the same axis with the ^' drum, for example, on the console, while the specified orientation of the cam relative to the frame or the housing of the device can be provided by means of a counterweight.

At the bottom of the cell may contain holes made with the possibility of supplying air or process gas to their cavity under atmospheric pressure, while the device may further include means for pumping air or process gas, for example, into the inner cavity of the drum and the corresponding pipeline, as well as a unit intermittent supply of air or process gas into the cells, depending on the position of the latter relative to the zone of forming semi-finished products.

So, for example, an axis can be attached to the inner surface of the drum on racks, on which a curved plate can be planted, at one end of which a load can be located, and on the other - a gasket.

A variety of exhaust systems can also be provided in the cells. So, for example, an outlet can be made in the cell membrane. Outlets can be made in the body of the drum. In this case, they can be connected to the cell cavity by means of a groove and outlet openings in the threaded sleeve.

The inlet of at least part of the cells can be made semicircular in shape with a fragment, the contour of which has a variable curvature and contains repeating protruding elements with an angular repetition period γ greater than 10 but less than 45 °, while the inner surface of such cells can also have repeating protruding elements, the angular repetition period of which is also approximately equal to γ, while the profile height of the elements mentioned first and the height the elements mentioned by the second are approximately the same and more than 2, but less than 5 mm.

The number of cells on the reels may satisfy the following condition

where j is the number of cells that can simultaneously be crossed by the generatrix of the drum, such that the condition

OQ is the diameter of the outer surface of the drum, with 100 mm ≤ D ₆ ≤ 400 mm, (6) D _i is the maximum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, d _i is the minimum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, and the drums can be installed so that the minimum distance between them will not exceed half the average thickness of the tapes, and at least one edge of at least one of them can have a sample depth that can be defined as half the difference between the diameter of the outer surface of the drum and the diameter cleanup exceeding half the average tape thickness, and a width of from 5 to 25% of the width of the working area, defined as a separation zone eventual intermediates, for which the smallest possible distance between the surfaces drums outside the cells, on the outer surface of the drums in the direction of their axes, while such a width is from 30 to 300 mm

The number of cells that can simultaneously be crossed by a drum generatrix can be more than 1, and the cells can be staggered on the surface of the drum.

Neighboring cells can be made mirrored. The diameter of the outer surface of the drum may be more than 200, but less than 250 mm.

The drums can be installed so that their outer surfaces in the area of the working areas will be in contact. From both edges, both drums may include selections. The width of the working area can be equal to 100 + 30 mm. The inlets of all the cells of the drums around their perimeter can be surrounded by samples.

The cells can be located on the drums in such a way that the minimum distance between the contour of the inlets of adjacent cells will not exceed 2 mm.

Drums with precision manufacturing errors can be made identical.

The drums can have a kinematic connection locked on the power drive, built on the basis of gear and / or chain gears, providing an approximate equality of the linear speeds of their outer surfaces - working areas, and the mentioned linear speed can be at least 3, but not more than 30% linear speed of the working surfaces of the rollers.

The device can be made with the possibility of changing the ratio of linear velocities of the outer surfaces of the drums and the working surfaces of the rollers.

In it, for example, a frequency-controlled electric drive can be used to rotate the drums, then as for the rotation of the rolling rollers - a drive independent of the adjustable.

So, for example, to rotate the drums, the device may include an induction motor. The drums can be installed in such a way that the minimum distance between them will not exceed a quarter of the average thickness of the tapes, while the device may additionally contain an alignment unit for the relative position of the drums, including at least one eccentric support of at least one of the drums or its axis.

The alignment block may include eccentric bearings of the drums, in the particular case of each of them, or their axes.

The support of at least one of the drums can be made with the possibility of its movement during adjustment along the axis.

So, at least one of the drums can be seated on a sleeve that mates with the device body or with its bed, or with the drum axis along the thread. Drums may be closable by a force actuator driving connection constructed on the basis of the gear and / or chain transmission, wherein at least one of the drums or at least ^'one of the reel mounting devices may be adapted to rotate at least one of them with stationary another .

So, for example, one of the drums can be rigidly attached to its axis by means of a sleeve and a pair of nuts.

At least one of the drums can be mounted on a cantilevered axis. Both drums can be mounted on cantilevered axes, while from the side opposite the indicated fixing, the axes can be connected to each other by means of a retainer having a rigid structure.

The list of figures of drawings On Fig presents one of the possible options mutual arrangement of rollers and rollers.

In Fig. 2 presents one of the possible options for the relative position of the rollers and one of the drums.

On Fig.3 presents one of the possible options for the block rollers.

Figure 4 presents one of the possible options for the relative position of the meat feeder and the drums.

Figure 5 presents one of the possible options for the outlet of the meat feeder. Figure 6 presents one of the possible options for the design of the dispenser.

7 shows another possible embodiment of the dispenser.

On Fig presents a possible embodiment of the design of the cell.

Figure 9 presents a possible variant of the mutual arrangement of devices for forming a relief pattern on the surface of the semi-finished products located in the cells of various drums that make up the molding zone of the latter, with maximum convergence.

Figure 10 presents a possible variant of the contour of the inlet of the cell.

Figure 11 presents a possible variant of the mutual arrangement of the cells on the outer surface of the drum. On Fig presents a possible installation of the membrane in the cell.

On Fig presents a possible embodiment of a mechanism for pushing semi-finished products from the cells. On Fig presents a possible variant of a schematic section of the inventive device in a plan view.

The following notation is used in the figures:

1 - upper roller (smaller diameter),

2 - the working surface of the upper roller, 3 - the working surface of the roller, 4 - plate for removing the tape from the upper roller,

5 - drum,

6 - plate for removing the tape from the lower roller,

7 - working surface of the lower roller, 8 - lower roller (larger diameter),

9 - tape material shell extruded by rollers,

10 - selection - dump for surplus shell material,

11 - working area,

12 - approaching the formation zone of semi-finished products, the lower edges of the cells of the drum, located relative to its outer surface forming in the same way,

13 - Teflon coating

14 - one of the ends of the studs, which is supposed to be rigidly fixed relative to the axis of rotation of the drums, for example in the housing of the device (not shown in the figure),

15 - pressure plate

16 - nut, through which the assembly of the block is carried out that is clearanceless on the end surfaces of the rollers and rollers; 17 - which selects the clearances and simultaneously the antifriction fluoroplastic gasket,

18 - dispenser or in another version of the device only part of it is a stuffing pump,

19 is a through hole of one of the directions of the pipeline,

20 - one of the directions of the pipeline,

21 is a wedge-shaped fragment of the meat-feeder (shown schematically),

22 - the upper part of the meat feeder or in another embodiment of the device also the dispenser,

23 - zone for the formation of semi-finished products,

24 - contour of the inner surface of the cell, forming in the moment shown in the figure the zone of formation of semi-finished products, 25 - the closest lower to each other the edges of the drum cells

26 - rib at the top of the wedge-shaped fragment of the meat-feeder,

27 - the output hole of the meat feeder, 28 - the protruding part of the cam,

29 - the piston

30 - through hole

31 - exhaust channel

32 - pin of the cam, determining its position relative to the latch (for example, keys) of the final element of the drive, bringing the metering shaft into rotational motion,

33 - filling dispenser,

34 - nut, 35 - hole connecting the cavity of the metering shaft to the pocket,

36 - one of the positioning holes on the final drive element (the gear wheel of the gear or the chain sprocket), which rotates the metering shaft, designed to accommodate the cam pin during metering,

37 - inlet of the storage cavity,

38 - pocket

39 - cavity of the metering shaft, on which the filling distributor and the pushing system are located,

40 - threaded hole for connecting the pipeline from the stuffing pump,

41 - chamber for uniform filling with a filling at a given pressure, 42 - fluoroplastic sealant,

43 - valve, made in the form of a threaded rod,

44 - nozzle, made at the same time with the body of the dispenser-mincer,

45 - nozzle hole, 46 - membrane, spring-loaded elastic medium, 47 - the space behind the membrane, designed to be filled with an elastic medium, spring-loaded membrane,

48 - inlet valve for filling the space behind the membrane with an elastic medium, 49 - chain drive sprocket, leading the valve into rotation,

50 - valve

51 - group of intersecting holes,

52 - sleeve, 53 - through hole of the sleeve (the position indicates a portion of such a hole),

54 - through the transverse holes of the valve, constituting another group of intersecting holes, the angles between the axes of which are the same and equal to 90 °, while this group makes a couple with group 51, the axes of all holes of which are not parallel,

55 - contour of the inlet of the cell,

56 - the working surface of the sample around the perimeter of the cell,

57 - inner (lateral) surface of the cell, 58 - hole at the bottom of the cell,

59 is a guide of the type "little hole" located close to the portion of the contour of the inlet of the cell having the maximum curvature,

60 is a fragment of a plate-shaped device for forming a relief pattern on the surface of semi-finished products,

61 is a fragment of a cylindrical shape of a device for forming a relief pattern on the surface of semi-finished products, 62 is a drum body,

63 - cargo

64 - threaded sleeve,

65 - a curved plate with a guide to rotational motion, 66 - a threaded ring, 67 - axis on racks,

68 - membrane

69 - rubber gasket,

70 - outlet in the membrane, 71 - inlet at the bottom of the cell,

72 - cell cavity,

73 - the inner surface of the drum,

74 - the bottom of the cell,

75 - one of the outlets in the body of the drum, 76 - one of the outlets in the threaded sleeve,

77 - groove,

78 - the inner cavity of the drum, in which the pressure is dry, cooled air,

79 - console - cantilevered axis on which the drum is mounted,

80 - PTFE cam mounted on an axis along a sliding fit or on rolling bearings,

81 - counterweight,

82 - the rod on which the screen is mounted, in a particular case, made integral with the pusher,

83 - screen cup-shaped, the inner surface of which determines the appearance of the semi-finished products,

84 - sleeve mating with the axis of the drum by thread,

85 - clamp rigid structure, for example, channel, 86 - axis of the drum - the shaft on which the drum is mounted, for example, by means of a sleeve,

87 - a pair of nuts (nut and lock nut),

88 - eccentric support of the drum,

89 - bed or body of the device, R is the direction of rotation of the upper roller when forming the tape,

In - the direction of rotation of the drum when forming the tape,

C (large) - the direction of rotation of the lower roller when forming the tape, C (small) - the minimum clearance, D is the direction of movement of the block when setting up the device,

D _b is the diameter of the outer surface of the drum, d _b is the diameter of the sample defining its depth equal to half the difference between the diameter of the outer surface of the drum and the diameter of the sample,

D _n is the maximum transverse dimension of a fragment of a cylindrical shape of the device for forming a relief pattern on the surface of the semi-finished product, D _i (large) is the maximum size that encompasses the contour of the cell inlet, d _i (small) is the minimum size that encompasses the contour of the cell inlet,

E is the direction of rotation of the drum shown on the left, e _t is the eccentricity of the installation of the upper roller in the support (for example, on the axis), rigidly connected with the support of the lower roller,

F (large) - the direction of rotation of the plate associated with the occurrence of a torque of gravity acting on the load when the drum is rotated by a predetermined angle, determined by the displacement of the center of gravity of the load from the axis on the racks, f (small) - guaranteed calculated (with an average thickness of the tapes ) clearance between the meat feeder and the tapes,

Fe (large) is the minimum distance between the surfaces of the drums and the meat feeder, h is the height of the wedge-shaped fragment of the meat feeder,

H _in (large) - large sampling width, h _in (small) - smaller sampling width, h _l (small) - distance between devices for forming a relief pattern on the surface of semi-finished products at their maximum approximation (commensurate with the width of the tapes), h _p ( small) - longitudinal fragment size cylindrical devices for forming a relief pattern on the surface of semi-finished products, h _c (small) - step height,

H _e (large) - the height of the profile of the repeating elements of the contour of the inlet of the cells, h _e (small) - the height of the repeating elements of the inner surface of the cells,

L (large) - the length of the pipeline,

1 (small) is the width of the working area, Oi is the axis of the working surface of the upper roller,

0 ₂ - the possible axis of rotation of the upper roller when adjusting the gap between the rollers, p is the largest size of the output of the meat-feeder, q is the smallest size of the output of the meat-feeder,

R (large) is the radius of the lower roller, g (small) is the radius of the upper roller and roller, R ₂ is the radius of the circle along which the roller can move relative to the lower roller,

S _g - the displacement of the load from the axis on the racks, t is the gap between the rollers,

T _i is the average maximum size covering the contour of the cell inlet openings, measured in the direction of their movement during the rotation of the drums, t _i is the average minimum size covered by the contour of the cell inlet openings, n _b is the linear velocity vector of the outer surface of the drum, Z is large (larger ) the gap, a is the angle at the top of the wedge-shaped fragment of the meat feeder, γ is the angular period of repetition of protruding protruding elements of the inner surface of the cells, p is the minimum radius of curvature of the outlet mincemeat.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the invention

The inventive device for the production of semi-finished products of food from a shell with a filling may contain the following functional elements: a) means of forming a dough piece - rolling made with the possibility of forming at least two tapes from the shell material by means of mechanisms, in the particular case of at least two mechanisms containing two, and in the particular case - at least two rollers rotating towards each other, mounted relative to each other with a given clearance, b) means for supplying the filling with fr with a wedge-shaped agent oriented with the apex toward the forming zone of the semi-finished products - a meat feeder, configured to feed the filling or its portions between the tapes, c) a filling injection unit - a dispenser (nach, inca) made with the possibility of dosed, and in particular, portioned, injection fillings into the meat feeder, for example, by means of (otherwise, through) the outlet (e) channels (s), d) the semi-finished products molding zone into which the tapes are fed and the filling or its portions - cells (molding) located directly in proximity to each other and having a predetermined shape of the inner surfaces corresponding to the shape of the obtained semi-finished products, or including inserts of the corresponding shape, for example, cup-shaped elements - screens, e) stamping mechanism - drums (with many cells) installed with the possibility of rotation towards each other - in opposite directions, and e) ejector means - a pusher located in the cells and made with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the cell.

Additionally, such a device contains various kinematic circuits, closed at least one power unit. The dispenser can be arranged as follows. It may contain storage cavities - cylindrical channels - with pistons, exhaust channels by the number of storage cavities, a pushing system made in the form of a cam and designed to act on the pistons, as well as a filling distributor configured to overlap the storage cavities and mounted (placed) on one shaft with a pushing system. At the same time, the filling distributor can have through holes passing the filling from the storage cavities to the exhaust channels, as well as a pocket facing the storage cavities, communicating with the shaft, which in turn can be made hollow for supplying the filling under pressure. Cells can be arranged as follows. Their inlets may be oval. At the same time, at least a part of such holes can be surrounded by an annular ledge — a perimeter sample, the working surface of which is designed to form the edge part of semi-finished products. In addition, placement of devices for forming a relief pattern on the surface of semi-finished products may be provided in the forming cells.

Moreover, these elements may have the following features. In addition, the rolling (Fig. 1) contains a pressure roller 5 made with the possibility of its location relative to one of the said rollers, for example, 8 with a minimum clearance of about 0.1 mm, and relative to another, for example, 1 - a large clearance Z or large the gap Z ', for example, lying in the range from 10 * s to 100th, while the gap between the rollers themselves t lies in the range from c to 10-s.

It should be clarified that the gap between the rollers, ensuring the formation of the tape, must lie in the range from 0.1 to 1 mm. In the particular case, the rolling mechanisms can be combined in such a way that their elements will simultaneously perform various functions.

So, for example, a roller paired with a roller located directly below it can perform the function of a roller forming a ribbon that “runs out” to the right. In turn, the roller can perform the function of a roll of the mechanism of the forming tape mentioned last.

The roller, which has a minimum clearance with the roller, can be made with a radius JR greater than the radius of the roller, then. as a roller, which has a large gap with the roller, can be made with a radius r _r approximately equal to the radius of the roller. So, for example, a roller that has a minimum clearance with the roller may have a radius of about 100 mm, and one that has a large clearance with the roller may have a radius about 25% smaller than that indicated (i.e., about 75 mm).

The rollers and the roller can be kinematically connected, for example, by means of a gear transmission, and this connection should ensure that the linear velocities of their working surfaces 2, 3 and 7 are equal when the rollers and the roller rotate along arrows A, B, C.

The roller mount can be adapted to change or adjust a large gap. So, for example, the roller fastening can be made with the possibility of moving the latter in a circle with a radius R ₂ relative to the roller, which has a minimum clearance with the roller, while the approximate constancy of the minimum clearance should be ensured. The fastening of at least one of the rollers can be made with the possibility of changing or adjusting the gap between the rollers.

So, for example, the fastening of one of the rollers can be made with the possibility of its rotation relative to the axis O ₂ , spaced more than 0.1 mm from the axis of its working surface oi.

For this, such a roller can be fitted onto a sleeve or axis with an eccentricity of the inner and outer surfaces e _t > 0.1 mm. Each of the mechanisms can have an independent drive, for example, a separate electric motor.

Additionally, the device may include a preliminary rolling unit of the shell material, configured to receive a blank of shell material with a thickness exceeding a large gap.

The rolling may also include plates 4 and 6 for removing tapes from the rollers.

If the width of the working zone 11 (Figure 2), defined as the eventual separation zone of semi-finished products, for which the smallest possible distance between the surfaces of the drums outside the cells, on the outer surface of the drums in the direction of their axes is 1 (more than 33, but less than 333 mm), then the width of the working surfaces of the rollers, determined by the exit region of the tapes 9, can be from 1.03-1 to 1.33-2.

The rollers (FIG. 3) by means of pressure plates 15 can be assembled into a block. Such a unit may be configured to move approximately along the working surfaces of the rollers of the arrow D. The nip plates can ^'be made of the rotational movement guide rollers in the form of plain bearings or rolling elements, which can be sewn on to the roll axis.

At least on one side of the block, the axis of the rollers may protrude beyond the pressure plate (not shown in the figure).

The plates can be fastened by at least one hairpin, the ends of which, for example, 14, can be rigidly fixed relative to the axis of rotation of the drums, for example, in the frame. The degree of tightening of the nuts 16 can be determined by sampling the gap between the plates and rollers. On the supporting surfaces of the plate may contain an anti-friction coating or anti-friction linings.

So, for example, a teflon coating 13 can be applied to the supporting surfaces of the plate, or a fluoroplastic gasket 17 can be installed. The block can also include a roller.

Each of the rolling mechanisms can have an independent drive.

The device may further include a preliminary rolling unit of the shell material, configured to receive blanks of shell material with a width less than the width of the working surfaces of the rollers.

The relative orientation of the drums and the meat feeder (Figure 4) can be such that the minimum distance between their surfaces Fg is more than 0.5, but less than 2 mm, and this ensures a guaranteed design clearance f between the meat feeder and the belts in excess of 0.1 mm .

Moreover, the height h of the wedge-shaped fragment 21 may be greater than 10, but less than 100 mm, and the angle a at its apex may exceed 10 °.

The rib 26 at the apex of the wedge-shaped fragment can be blunted and have a radius of curvature greater than 0.1 mm.

The meat feeder may have at least one outlet 27 (Figure 5). Such a hole may have an elongated shape with a ratio of the largest size p to the smallest q exceeding 1.2.

The number of minced meat outlet openings may be greater than or equal to the number of cells located on the drums in the same way relative to their outer surfaces forming them.

The minimum radius of curvature p of the mince-feeder outlet may exceed 1 mm, while its largest size p does not exceed 30 mm. The device may further include a dispenser 18, made with the possibility of dosed injection of the filling into the meat feeder and containing outlet channels 31 (Fig. 6) in an amount equal to the number of outlet openings, and the dispenser can be connected to the meat feeder with a flexible or rigid pipe with a number of independent directions (item 20 indicates one of the directions ) equal to the number of exhaust channels, and such directions can have approximately equal length L not exceeding 1.5 m each with approximately the same minimum passage area 19, greater than 100 mm ² .

The pocket 38 (Fig.6) of the dispenser of the filling 33 can be connected to the cavity 39 of the dispenser shaft through an opening 35 made in the dispenser body, while the volumes of the storage tanks can be approximately equal and do not exceed 30,000 mm ³ each.

The distributor can be integral with the metering shaft or can be rigidly mounted on the shaft and at the same time additionally fixed relative to the latter by means of a key. The length along the axis of each of the through holes 30 of the distributor, determined by the thickness of the corresponding part of the latter, can be at least 10 but not more than 60 mm, and the diameter of such holes can be less than the diameter of the inlet openings 37 of the storage tanks in which the pistons 29 are placed.

The drive of the metering shaft, leading the latter into rotational motion, can be made in the form of gear or chain gears, and the final drive element can be fixed relative to the shaft by means of a key.

The mounting device on the shaft of the functional elements of the dispenser, such as: the final drive element and / or the pushing system, and / or the distributor, can be configured to adjust the angular position of the pushing system relative to the distributor. So, for example, the final drive element can be pressed against the cam by means of a nut 34, and a certain mutual orientation of the cam and said element can be ensured by the protruding pin 32 of the cam, which is included in one of the positioning holes of the said element, such as 36.

The cam of the pushing system of the dispenser may have at least two protruding parts 28.

Additionally, the device may include a stamping mechanism and a meat feeder, while the distributor can be kinematically connected with the drums in such a way that the moment of overlapping through the opening of the distributor of the inlet opening of the storage tank coincides with the moment of closest approach of the lower edges 25 closest to each other (Figure 4) the cells of the drums with the contour of the inner surface of 24 - cells that, when rotating one of the drums in the direction of arrow E, and the other in the opposite direction, forms a zone Nia semi-finished products 23, with a symmetrical tolerance satisfying the condition

Δ≤ ~ -τ, (1)

Where

With the specified kinematic connection, the dimensions of the through the openings of the distributor and the inlet of the storage tank can be configured to follow the indicated overlap of the holes of their complete overlap, respectively, by the object in which the containers are made, and by the dispenser when the upper edges of the respective cells come closer after molding at least 1/3 of the semi-finished product.

A stuffing pump can use a variable frequency drive. To do this, the stuffing pump may include an induction motor, as well as a centrifugal pump with an impeller.

The stuffer can be installed at a distance from the zone of forming semi-finished products, not exceeding the maximum radius of the outer surface of the drums, while the dispenser can be made in the form of a stuffer feeder structural element 22 located above the top of the wedge-shaped fragment, while to the latter, for example, through the hole 40 (Fig. 7), a pipeline connected to the stuffing pump can be supplied.

The dispenser may include a valve 50, which is a cylinder, and the latter may include at least one transverse hole of a given diameter.

The valve can be kinematically connected to the actuator, from which it receives rotation around its axis, while a gear or chain transmission with a finite element in the form of an asterisk 49 can be used.

The cylinder may include at least one group of 51 intersecting transverse holes of a given diameter, the minimum angles between the axes of the nearest of which are approximately the same. The cylinder (valve) may be surrounded by a sleeve with through hole 53.

The cylinder may include at least one pair of groups, for example, 51 and 54, the axes of all holes of which are not parallel. The cylinder may be surrounded by a sleeve 52 with through holes in an amount equal to the number of groups of holes on the cylinder.

The dispenser may include a nozzle 44, which may include holes 45 in the number of groups of cylinder and valve holes, made in the form of screws and / or bolts and / or threaded rods, one for each hole of the nozzle.

Valves can be screwed onto PTFE seals 42.

The dispenser may include a chamber 41 for uniformly filling with a filling at a given pressure, the volume of which exceeds 10'000 mm ³ .

A damper may be located in the chamber, which is a piston or membrane 46 spring-loaded with an elastic element or elastic medium, into which space 47 is pumped under pressure through the inlet valve 48.

The valve can be kinematically connected with the drums in such a way that the moment when the cylinder bore of the sleeve or nozzle overlaps with the transverse bore of the cylinder approximately coincides with the moment of closest approach of the lower edges of the drum cells, the cells that form the semi-finished product forming zone, which are closest to each other.

With the specified kinematic connection, the dimensions of the transverse bore of the cylinder and the holes of the sleeve or nozzle can be made so that they can completely overlap the holes after the indicated overlap with the sleeve or nozzle and cylinder, respectively, when the upper edges of the respective cells come together after molding at least 1/3 of the semi-finished product.

At the output of the stuffing pump or at the inlet of the stuffer, an adjustable gate valve made with the ability to control the pressure of the filling in the chamber.

A stuffing pump can use a variable frequency drive.

The stuffing pump may include an induction motor, as well as a centrifugal impeller pump.

The depth of selection along the perimeter of the cells can be more than a quarter, but less than twice the average thickness of the tapes, while the area of its working surface 56 (Fig. 8) satisfies the condition

V about

-1 \ <S <L --1 (2)

10 mm 10 mm where

₁ Jc = 20 mm ^2, o - average perimeter contour 55 inlets cells kg = 50 mm ^2, and wherein the width ^• a sample, as well as. the curvature of the contour of cells inlet, not constant, and an average width of sample is greater than in that part of the cells where the inlet path has a larger curvature, whereas the maximum width I _in the sample exceeds the minimum h _Br and maximum size D _I covering the inlet circuit cells , exceeds the minimum d _{i by} at least 10, but also by no more than 100%.

At least part of the cells may include on its lateral surface 57 a translational motion guide or a lock of the “lockhole” type 59 made with the possibility of installing devices for forming a relief pattern on the surface of the semi-finished products.

The cell may contain a device for forming a relief pattern on the surface of the semi-finished products, including at least one fragment of the plate shape 60 and one fragment of the cylindrical shape 61 located in the cell, with the maximum transverse dimension D _n (Fig. 9) such a fragment (the last mentioned) is more than a quarter of the average thickness of the tapes, but less than half the minimum size, covering the contour of the cell inlet.

The mentioned fragments of a cylindrical shape can be made with such longitudinal dimensions h _p or so installed in the cell that with a maximum approximation, the minimum distance h _l between them is commensurate with the average thickness of the tapes (not more than twice the width of the tapes).

At least in part of the cells beyond their inlet openings, membranes 68 (Fig. 12) of plastically deformable material, such as rubber, whose edges can be rigidly fixed near the contour of the inlet of the cells, can be installed.

So, for example, the membrane by means of a threaded ring 66 can be installed in the threaded sleeve 64, which can be screwed into the body of the drum 62 from the side of its outer surface.

Membranes can have a variable thickness. Membranes can be made easily removable. The cells can be located on the drum in such a way that with a maximum size covering the contour of the inlet, they will be oriented mainly in the direction of their movement Og (Fig. 8).

The cells can be located on the drum in such a way that with a maximum size covering the contour of the inlet, they will be oriented mainly across the direction of their movement, then as the ratio of the averaged maximum size T _i (Fig. 10), covering the contour of the cell inlet openings, measured in the direction of their movement, to the averaged minimum size t _i covered by the contour of the cell inlet openings, is greater than or equal to 1.1.

The device may include a pusher including rods 82 (Fig. 13), to which screens 83 located in the cells can be attached, with a minimum clearance between the surfaces of the latter and the inner side surfaces of the cells exceeding 0.15, but, in the particular case, less than 0 , 5 mm, and through holes 58 (Fig. 8) can be made at the bottom of the cells for such rods to freely penetrate into them, while the device may further include a rod movement mechanism, for example, configured to provide a translator the movement of the screens relative to the respective cells, and such a mechanism can be configured to provide relatively slow smooth movement of the screens towards the inlet of the cells and in comparison with the fast movement of the screens in the opposite direction to the bottom.

Screens can be made of a material that has little adhesion to the sheath material, such as fluoroplastic, or can have, at least on its working surface, an appropriate coating, such as Teflon.

The rod moving mechanism may include a cam 80 (FIG. 13) containing a step whose height h _c is greater than or equal to the maximum stroke of the screens in the cells. The cam can be freely mounted on the same axis with the drum, for example, on the console 79, and can be composed of various elements having an independent mount.

In this case, a predetermined orientation of the cam relative to the bed or the housing of the device can be provided by counterweight 81.

At the bottom 74 (Fig. 12) of the cell, openings 71 can be arranged, which can supply air or process gas to their cavity 72 under atmospheric pressure, while the device can further include means for injecting air or process gas, for example, into the internal the cavity of the drum 78 and the corresponding pipeline, as well as the intermittent supply of air or process gas into the cell, depending on the position of the latter relative to the molding zone of the semi-finished products.

So, for example, an axis can be attached to the inner surface of the drum 73 on the uprights 67, on which a curved plate 65 can be fitted, at one end of which a load 63 can be located, and on the other - a gasket 69. When the drum rotates in the direction of arrow E, the load gravity will move toward the inner surface of the drum, and the inlet of the cell will be open - the gas will enter the cavity of the cell and, for example, will contribute to the straightening of the membrane, acting as a pusher, which helps to separate the semi-finished products from the cell and. The moments of opening and closing the inlet opening cell determined by the position of center of gravity of cargo • ^'s with respect to _z-axis on the posts - less than _r s, the sooner after the cells from forming zone inlet opening occurs.

A variety of exhaust systems can also be provided in the cells. Thus, for example, an outlet 70 may be formed in the cell membrane. Outlets 75 may also be formed in the body of the drum. In this case, they can be connected to the cell cavity by means of a groove 77 and outlet holes in the threaded sleeve 76.

The inlet of at least part of the cells can be made semicircular in shape (Fig. 11) with a fragment whose contour has a variable curvature and contains repeating projecting elements angularly repetition period γ, greater than about 10 but less than 45 °, while the inner surface of such cells can also have recurring projecting members, corner repetition period which is also approximately equal to γ, whereas the height ff _e profile elements, said first , and the height h _{e of the} elements mentioned by the second is approximately the same and more than 2, but less than 5 mm.

The number of cells on the reels may satisfy the following condition

2 ^> ..jI .. ^ DL- _≤ <nn≤ <2Г> .. ji..ψ2L ,, (4>

^D i ^d i where j is the number of cells that can simultaneously be crossed by the generatrix of the drum, such that the condition

D ₆ - the diameter of the outer surface of the drum, and

100 mm ≤ D ₆ ≤ 400 mm, (6)

D _i - the maximum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, d _i - the minimum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, while the drums can be installed so that the minimum distance between them does not exceed half the average thickness of the tapes, and at least with one edge, at least one of them can have a sample of 10 (Figure 2) depth, which can be defined as half the difference between the diameter of the outer surface of the drum and the diameter dg of the sample, exceeding half the average thickness of the tapes, and the width d, comprising from 5 to 25% of the width of the working area, defined as the eventual zone for the separation of semi-finished products, for which the smallest possible distance between the surfaces of the drums outside the cells, on the outer surface of the drums in the direction of their axes, while such a width is from 30 to 300 mm

At the same time, there can be two or more cells located relative to the forming outer surface of the drum in the same way (in Fig. 2, item 12, the lower edges of such cells approaching the forming zone of the semi-finished products are indicated).

Neighboring cells can be made mirror-rotated (11).

The diameter of the outer surface of the drum may be more than 200, but less than 250 mm.

The drums can be installed so that their outer surfaces in the area of the working areas will be in contact.

From both edges, both drums may include selections. The width of the working area can be equal to 100 + 30 mm.

The inlets of all the cells of the drums around their perimeter can be surrounded by samples.

Drums with precision manufacturing errors can be made identical.

The drums can have a kinematic connection locked on the power drive, built on the basis of gear and / or chain gears, providing an approximate equality of the linear speeds of their outer surfaces - working areas, and the mentioned linear speed can be at least 3, but not more than 30% linear speed of the working surfaces of the rollers. The device may be configured to changes in the ratio of linear velocities of the outer surfaces of the drums and the working surfaces of the rollers.

In it, for example, a frequency-controlled electric drive can be used to rotate the drums, while a drive independent of the variable-speed drive can be used to rotate the rolling rollers.

So, for example, to rotate the drums, the device may include an induction motor.

The drums can be installed in such a way that the minimum distance between them will not exceed a quarter of the average thickness of the tapes, while • the device may additionally contain an adjustment unit for the relative position of the drums, including at least one eccentric support 88 (Fig. 14) of at least one of the drums or its axis.

The alignment unit may include eccentric bearings of the drums, possibly each, or their axes.

So, at least one of the drums can be seated on the sleeve 84, mating with the housing of the device or with its bed 89, or with the axis 86 of the drum by thread.

The drums can have a kinematic connection locked on the power drive, built on the basis of gear and / or chain gears, while at least one of the drums or at least one of the drum attachment devices can be rotated with at least one of them while the other is stationary. So, for example, one of the drums can be rigidly attached to its axis by means of a sleeve and a pair of nuts 87.

At least one of the drums can be mounted on a cantilevered axis.

Both drums can be installed on cantilevered axles, while on the side opposite the specified fastening, the axis can be connected to each other by means of a retainer 85 having a rigid structure.

The inventive device operates as follows. Between the rollers rotating in opposite directions and the upper roller, a dough pre-matured for at least 30 s is supplied in the form of a wide but low parallelepiped, which is captured by them and, falling on the lower roller, is sent to the tape forming zone.

The use of the described workpiece eliminates excess pressure in the zone of formation of the tapes, as well as excessive stresses in the tapes themselves and defective deformations. The declared geometry of rolling provides an exception during the formation of tapes of overheating and drying of the shell material, as well as the capture of shell material by a roller or one of the rollers.

If necessary, the mutual positions of the rollers and rollers are changed, providing the adjustment of the rolling for various shell materials, in particular, with the aim of eliminating breaks in the tapes at the exit of the rolling or adjusting the rolling for the shaping of tapes of a given thickness.

In order to simplify the assembly of the device, each of its rolling mechanisms includes an independent electric drive, which also, on the one hand, provides the same load on the rolling mechanisms, and, on the other hand, makes it possible to obtain uniform tape thicknesses.

The tapes received in the rolling are fed to two drums. Moreover, the width of the tapes at the exit of the rolling significantly exceeds the width of the working area of the drums, which allows you to compensate for uncontrolled tightening of the tapes arising due to the heterogeneity of the material of the shell, and to eliminate the marriage in the work of the extreme cells of the drum, expressed, in particular, in the opening of the shell semi-finished products.

The indicated geometric parameters of the rollers and drums also provide a significant simplification of the removal of excess shell material from the zone of forming semi-finished products. At the same time, if necessary, the rolling blocks are moved relative to the drums, providing guaranteed coverage of the working areas with tapes.

The tapes captured by the rotating drums move to the forming zone of the semi-finished products and by means of a wedge-shaped fragment of the meat feeder are guaranteed to be pressed to the working area of the drums - the knife shape of the meat feeder serves as a guide for the intumescent dough.

Next, between the tapes from the outlet openings of the meat-feeder, the filling or its portions is fed. The indicated geometrical parameters of the mince feeder outlet completely eliminate the splashing of the tapes with the filling.

The operation of the stuffer is provided by the dispenser, in which the filling comes from the stuffing pump, preferably with an adjustable drive or adjustable gate valves. Adjusting the filling pressure is extremely necessary, in particular, in order to maintain a constant ratio of the mass of the shell material to the mass of the filling in the semi-finished products, regardless of the time the filling is cured. The fact is that the latter is a mixture of, for example, meat with air (in dumplings), as a result of which, when the filling pressure changes, its density changes, which means the mass of the filling in semi-finished products.

In the first described embodiment, the operation of the dispenser is based on the alternate loading and unloading of storage tanks by means of a filling distributor and a pushing system with pistons, respectively.

In the second embodiment, the operation of the dispenser is based on the operation of the valve, which alternately blocks the entry of the filling into the output openings of the meat feeder. The design features of the presented dispensers ensure the constancy of the mass of the filling or its portions flowing out during the formation time, despite the presence of a large amount of elastically deformable air in it, the stability of the filling supply and the constancy of the parameters of its pulsed supply, low power consumption, long time for the dispensers to fail, identity servings of the filling in the semi-finished products with its simultaneous and sequential serving over different cells.

The filling or its portions deform the tapes somewhat in the region of the cell inlet openings, which, closing when the drums rotate towards each other, provide the final molding and separation of the semi-finished products. The described coordination of the filing of the filling or its portions with the entrance of the cells to the zone of formation of semi-finished products eliminates the formation in the shell of the last chips, as well as micro- and macrocracks.

The design features of the cells described in the application materials, including their location on the drum and the use of membranes, provide improved gluing of sheets, reliable gluing of tapes with a small edge part of the semi-finished product, uniform thickness of the shell, eliminate defective deviations in the shape of their surfaces, adhesion of the shell to the parts devices.

The use of devices for forming a relief pattern on the surface of semi-finished products provides the opportunity to give semi-finished products the shape of hand-made products. When the cells with finished semi-finished products begin to move away from the molding zone, an ejection system based on the operation of the cam mechanism or compressed air is included in the work.

The presented variants of such a system provide guaranteed separation of semi-finished products from cells and screens, in particular, due to the inertial effect.

The parameters of the drums were chosen by the authors based on the requirements for low wear of the stamping mechanism, ease of manufacture, minimization of tape waste, minimization of deformation of the shell of semi-finished products (in particular, its uneven thickening) associated with extrusion of the material of the shell from the working zone into the cells of the forming zone of the semi-finished products.

The presented design of the drums provide a relatively low force forming the semi-finished products, in particular, in connection with the small area of the outer surface of the drums outside the cells.

The specified ratio of the linear speeds of the outer surfaces of the drums and the working surfaces of the rollers ensures the exclusion of the test folds, as well as the break of the tapes.

Samples along the edges of the drums make it easy to remove the accumulating shell of shell material.

Semi-finished products separated from the cells enter a special container and are sent to the freezer.

When setting up the device, special attention is paid to aligning the drums. Their mutual arrangement is such that they are in contact with their generators, or between them there is a gap of the order of 0.02 mm when they are parallel. For this, an adjustment unit is used, which allows not to place high demands on the manufacture of drums and other parts and components of the device. The angle between the generators of the drums is corrected using at least two eccentric bearings. In another design, the parallelization of the forming drums is ensured constructively. In this case, eccentric supports are used to eliminate the gap between the generators in the zone of eventual contact.

Eccentric bearings also allow you to part the drums to adjust their mutual rotation, necessary for exact combination of cells in the molding zone, as well as for disassembling the device and sanitation.

Using the console mounting of the drums greatly simplifies the sanitation of the drums, without requiring complete disassembly of the device and violation of kinematic relationships. The use of the described latch provides rigidity and stability of the structure with low material consumption.

The presented design features of the claimed device, in particular, the mentioned adjustments, including drives, provide simple assembly-disassembly, in particular during sanitization, and commissioning of the machine.

In general, the inventions make it possible to create high-performance devices for making dumplings with an optimal (in terms of attractiveness) appearance (without burrs, burrs, defective surface shape deviations) and a ratio of sizes and parameters. The total time spent in operation of the inventive device per unit of production, taking into account marriage, is more than two times lower in comparison with the prototype.

Using the distinguishing features of any of the independent claims allows us to simplify the design of equipment for the production of semi-finished products, reduce their material consumption and increase compactness, transportability, and reduce the requirements for the qualification of staff. The cost of relevant work in the implementation of these characteristics is almost two times lower compared to the prototype. The service life of the main components of the claimed device is approximately three times higher in comparison with the prototype.

Claims

CLAIM

1. A device for the production of semi-finished products of food from a shell with a filling, containing designed to form at least two strips of shell material rolling, consisting of at least two mechanisms, including at least two rollers rotating towards each other, mounted relative to each other with a given a gap, characterized in that it further comprises a pressure roller made with the possibility of its location relative to one of the said rollers with a minimum clearance of about 0.1 mm, and relative to the other - with a large gap lying in the range 10 to 100 c * s, whereas by the gap between the rollers lies within the range of from 10 * s.

2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the roller, which has a minimum clearance with the roller, is made with a radius greater than the radius of the roller.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the roller, which has a minimum clearance with the roller, has a radius of about 100 mm.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller, which has a large gap with the roller, is made with a radius approximately equal to the radius of the roller.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the roller, which has a large gap with the roller, has a radius approximately 25% smaller than the radius of the roller, which has a minimum gap with the roller.

6. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that the rollers and the roller are kinematically connected, and the corresponding connection ensures the equality of the linear velocities of their working surfaces.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the connection mentioned in paragraph b is made by means of a gear transmission.

8. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5 or 7, characterized in that the roller mount is adapted to change or adjust a large gap.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the roller is mounted with the possibility of moving the latter around the circumference relative to the roller, which has a minimum clearance with the roller, while ensuring an approximate constancy of the minimum clearance.

10. Device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, 7 or 9, characterized in that the mounting of at least one of the rollers is made with the possibility of changing or adjusting the gap between the rollers.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the mounting of one of the rollers is arranged to rotate the latter relative to an axis spaced more than 0.1 mm from the axis of the working surface of such a roller.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the fastening of the roller with a smaller radius includes an eccentric sleeve or axis.

13. The device according to any one of p. 1-5, 7, 9, 11 or 12, characterized in that each of the mechanisms has an independent drive.

14. The device according to any one of p. 1-5, 7, 9, 11 or 12, characterized in that it further includes a preliminary rolling unit of the shell material, configured to receive a blank of shell material with a thickness exceeding a large gap.

15. A device for the production of semi-finished food products from a shell with a filling, containing a roll designed to form at least two strips of shell material, consisting of at least two mechanisms, including at least two rollers rotating towards each other, mounted relative to each other with a predetermined gap, as well as a stamping mechanism - a pair of including cell drums installed with the possibility of rotation towards each other, characterized the fact that the width of the working zone, defined as the eventual zone of separation of semi-finished products, for which the smallest possible distance between the surfaces of the drums outside the cells, on the outer surface of the drums in the direction of their axes is 1, while the width of the defined by the exit region of the tapes of the working surfaces of the rollers is from 1.03 -2 to 1.33-1, with 1 more than 33, but less than 333 mm.

16. The device according to p. 15, characterized in that the rollers by means of pressure plates are assembled in a block configured to move approximately along the working surfaces of the rollers.

17. The device according to clause 16, characterized in that the pressure plates have guides for the rotational movement of the rollers in the form of sliding or rolling bearings, on which the axis of the rollers are mounted, while at least on one side of the block the axis of the rollers protrude beyond the pressure plate.

18. The device according to clause 16, wherein the plates are fastened by at least one pin, the ends of which are rigidly fixed relative to the axis of rotation of the drums.

19. The device according to clause 16, characterized in that on the supporting surfaces of the plate contain an antifriction coating or antifriction gaskets.

20. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that on the supporting surfaces of the plate contain a Teflon coating.

21. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that on the supporting surfaces of the plate contain fluoroplastic gaskets.

22. The device according to any one of p. 16-21, characterized in that the unit also includes a roller.

23. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 16-21, characterized in that each of the mechanisms has an independent drive.

24. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 16-21, characterized in that it further includes a preliminary unit rolling of the shell material, made with the possibility of obtaining a blank of shell material with a width less than the width of the working surfaces of the rollers.

25. An apparatus for the production of power from a shell filled semifinished product, comprising for forming at least two strips of the rollers of the shell material, consisting of at least two mechanisms comprising at least two ^'rotating in opposite directions roller set with respect to each other a predetermined gap, a stamping mechanism a pair of including cell drums mounted rotatably towards each other, and a meat feeder configured to supply portions of the filling m between the tapes and having a wedge-shaped fragment oriented with the apex toward the drums, characterized in that the relative orientation of the drums and the meat feeder is such that the minimum distance between their surfaces is more than 0.5, but less than 2 mm, and at the same time a guaranteed design clearance between the meat feeder is ensured and tapes exceeding 0.1 mm.

26. The device according A.25, characterized in that the height of the wedge-shaped fragment is greater than 10, but less than 100 mm, and the angle at its apex exceeds 10 °.

27. The device according to p. 26, characterized in that the edge at the top of the wedge-shaped fragment is blunted and has a radius of curvature greater than 0.1 mm.

28. The device according to any one of p. 25-27, characterized in that the meat feeder has at least one outlet of elongated shape with a ratio of the largest to smallest, exceeding 1.2.

29. The device according to p. 28, characterized in that the number of outlet openings is greater than or equal to the number of cells located on the drums in the same way relative to their outer surfaces forming them.

30. The device according to p. 28, characterized in that the minimum radius of curvature of the outlet exceeds 1 mm, while its largest size does not exceed 30 mm.

31. The device according to any one of p. 28-30, characterized in that it further includes a dispenser configured to metered discharge of the filling into the meat feeder and containing outlet channels in an amount equal to the number of outlet openings, while the dispenser is connected with a flexible meat feeder or a rigid pipeline with the number of independent directions equal to the number of outlet channels, and such directions have approximately equal lengths not exceeding 1.5 m each with approximately the same minimum area of passage openings greater than 100 mm ² .

32. A device for the production of semi-finished food product from a shell with a filling, comprising a metering unit that is capable of portionwise pumping the filling through the outlet channels, including cumulative cavities with pistons according to the number of outlet channels, and also a pushing system in the form of a cam designed to act on the pistons, a distributor fillings with a pocket facing the storage cavities, and with through holes passing the filling into the exhaust channels from the storage cavities, while the divider is configured to overlap the latter and placed together with the pushing system on one shaft, the cavity of which, providing the possibility of supplying the filling under it, is connected to the pocket, characterized in that the pocket is connected to the cavity through an opening made in the body of the distributor, volumes of storage tanks are approximately equal and do not exceed 30,000 mm ³ each.

33. The device according to p, characterized in that the distributor is integral with the shaft or rigidly mounted on the shaft and is additionally fixed relative to the latter by means of a key.

34. The device according to p. 33, characterized in that the length along the axis of each of the through holes of the distributor, determined by the thickness of the corresponding part of the latter, is not less than 10 but not more than 60 mm, and the diameter of such holes is less than the diameter of the inlet openings of the storage tanks.

35. The device according to any one of p. 32-34, characterized in that the shaft drive, leading the latter into rotational motion, is made in the form of gear or chain gears, and the final drive element is fixed relative to the shaft by means of a key.

36. The device according to clause 35, wherein the mounting device on the shaft of the functional elements of the dispenser, such as: the final drive element and / or the pushing system, and / or the distributor, are configured to adjust the angular position of the pushing system relative to the distributor.

37. The device according to any one of p. 32-34 or 36, characterized in that the distributor includes two or more through holes, while the angular distance between adjacent through holes, measured from the axis of the shaft, does not exceed 180 °.

38. The device according to clause 37, wherein the cam has at least two protruding parts.

39. The device according to any one of p. 32-34, 36 or 38, characterized in that it further comprises a stamping mechanism - a pair of including drum cells mounted to rotate towards each other, and a meat feeder configured to supply portions of the filling between the tapes and connected to the dispenser by means of a pipeline, while the distributor is kinematically connected with the drums in such a way that the moment of overlapping through the opening of the distributor of the inlet of the storage tank coincides with the max. closer approach of the most closely spaced lower edges cells of the drums - cells that form the zone of forming semi-finished products, with a symmetric tolerance that satisfies the condition

Δ≤ — τ, (1) where Δ is the symmetric tolerance for the moment of overlapping through the opening of the distributor of the inlet of the storage tank with the moment of maximum convergence of the lower edges of the most closely located cells of the drums, τ is the propagation time along the pulse filling located in the pipeline, received by her from the piston.

40. The device according to § 39, characterized in that, with the specified kinematic connection, the dimensions of the through-hole of the distributor and the inlet of the storage tank are made with the possibility of following the indicated overlapping of the holes of their complete overlap, respectively, by the object in which the containers are made, and the distributor when the upper edges come closer the corresponding cells after molding at least 1/3 of the semi-finished product.

41. The device according to any one of p. 32-34, 36, 38 or 40, characterized in that the dispenser is connected to a stuffing pump, forcing the filling into the cavity of the dispenser shaft.

42. The device according to paragraph 41, wherein the output of the stuffing pump has an adjustable valve-valve, made with the possibility of controlling the pressure of the filling in the cavity.

43. The device according to paragraph 41, wherein the stuffing pump uses a variable frequency drive.

44. The device according to item 43, wherein the stuffing pump includes an induction motor and a centrifugal pump with an impeller.

45. A device for the production of semi-finished food product from a shell with a filling containing intended for forming at least two tapes from the material of the shell rolling, stamping mechanism - a pair of including cells of the drums mounted with the possibility of rotation towards each other, a meat feeder, configured to feed portions of the filling between the tapes and having a wedge-shaped fragment oriented with the apex towards the drums, and also a dispenser ^' configured to portion the injection of the filling into the meat feeder, characterized in that the meat feeder is installed at a distance from the molding zone products not exceeding the maximum radius of the outer surface of the drums, while the dispenser is made in the form of a force-feeder structural element located above the top of the wedge-shaped fragment, while the pipeline connected to the last is connected to the forcemeat pump.

46. The device according to item 45, wherein the dispenser includes a valve, which is a cylinder, and the latter includes at least one transverse hole of a given diameter.

47. The device according to item 46, wherein the valve is kinematically connected to the actuator, from which it receives rotation around its axis, while using a gear or chain gear.

48. The device according to item 46, wherein the cylinder includes at least one group of intersecting transverse holes of a given diameter, the minimum angles between the axes of the nearest of which are the same.

49. The device according to any one of p. 46 or 48, characterized in that the cylinder is surrounded by a sleeve with a through hole.

50. The device according to any one of p. 45-48, characterized in that the dispenser comprises a nozzle and a valve made in the form of a screw or bolt, or threaded rod.

51. The device according to p. 50, characterized in that the cylinder includes several spaced from each other by more than 5 mm groups of intersecting transverse holes of a given diameter, the minimum angles between the axes of the nearest of which are the same.

52. The device according to p. 51, characterized in that the cylinder includes at least one pair of groups, the axis of the holes of which are parallel to each other.

53. The device according to p. 51, characterized in that the cylinder includes at least one pair of groups, the axes of all holes of which are not parallel.

54. The device according to § 51, wherein the cylinder is surrounded by a sleeve with through holes in an amount equal to the number of groups of holes on the cylinder.

55. The device according to p. 51, characterized in that the dispenser contains a nozzle, which includes holes in the number of groups of holes of the cylinder and valve, made in the form of screws and / or bolts and / or threaded rods, one for each hole of the nozzle.

56. The device according to any one of p. 50 or 55, characterized in that the valves are screwed onto the fluoroplastic seals.

57. The device according to any one of p. 45-48, 51-55, characterized in that the dispenser contains a chamber, the volume of which exceeds 10,000 mm ³ .

58. The device according to clause 57, wherein the damper is located in the chamber, which is a piston or membrane spring-loaded with an elastic element or elastic medium.

59. The device according to any one of p. 47, 48, 51-55, 57, characterized in that the valve is kinematically connected with the drums in such a way that the moment of overlapping by the transverse bore of the cylinder of the hole of the sleeve or nozzle approximately coincides with the moment of maximum approximation closest located to each other the lower edges of the cells of the drums - cells that form the zone of formation of semi-finished products.

60. The device according to § 59, characterized in that when of the specified kinematic connection, the dimensions of the transverse bore of the cylinder and the bore of the sleeve or nozzle are made with the possibility of following the indicated overlap of the holes of their complete overlap with the sleeve or nozzle and cylinder, respectively, when the upper edges of the corresponding cells come together after molding at least 1/3 of the semi-finished product.

61. The device according to any one of p. 45-48, 51-55, 58 or 60, characterized in that at the output of the stuffing pump or at the input of the meat feeder is installed an adjustable valve-valve, made with the possibility of controlling the filling pressure in the chamber.

62. The device according to any one of p. 45-48, 51-55, 58 or 60, characterized in that a frequency-controlled electric drive is used in the stuffing pump.

63. The device according to item 62, wherein the stuffing pump includes an asynchronous motor and a centrifugal pump with an impeller.

64. A device for the production of semi-finished food product from a shell with a filling, containing a molding zone into which tapes of the shell material and portions of the filling are fed, while such a zone is a cell with inlet holes located in close proximity to each other, having a predetermined the shape of the internal surfaces corresponding to the shape of the resulting semi-finished products, or including screens of the corresponding shape, and at the same time at least part of the cell inlet openings around its perimeter and sampling the working surface which is intended for molding the semi-finished edge portion, characterized in that the sampling depth of more than a quarter of the perimeter of the cells, but less than twice the average thickness of the ribbons, whereas the area of its working surface satisfies Where

o - the average perimeter of the contour of the inlet of the cells, kg = 50 mm ² , and the width of such a sample, as well as the curvature of the contour of the inlet of the cells, are not constant, and on average, the width of the sample is larger in that part of the cells where the contour of the inlet has large curvature, while the maximum sample width exceeds the minimum, and the maximum size, covering the contour of the cell inlet, exceeds the minimum by at least 10, but also by no more than 100%.

65. The device according to p. 64, characterized in that at least part of the cells includes on the lateral surface of the translational guide or lock type "lock", made with the possibility of installing devices for forming a relief pattern on the surface of the semi-finished products.

66. The device according to p. 65, characterized in that it contains a device for forming a relief pattern on the surface of the semi-finished products, including at least one fragment of a plate shape and one fragment of a cylindrical shape located in the cell, while the maximum transverse size of such a fragment is more than a quarter of the average the thickness of the tapes, but less than half the minimum size, covering the contour of the cell inlet.

67. The device according to p. 66, characterized in that the device for forming a relief pattern contains both cells of the pair that make up the zone of formation of the semi-finished product, and the corresponding fragments of the plate shape are located so that in the zone of forming the semi-finished products they are crossed, and the corresponding fragments are cylindrical forms arranged so that in the zone of formation of semi-finished products they are located one opposite to the other.

68. The device according to p. 67, characterized in that the said fragments of a cylindrical shape are made with such longitudinal dimensions or are so installed in the cell that with a maximum approximation, the minimum distance between them is commensurate with the average thickness of the tapes.

69. The device according to p. 64, characterized in that at least in part of the cells behind their inlets are installed membranes of plastically deformable material, such as rubber, the edges of which are rigidly fixed near the contour of the inlet of the cells.

70. The device according to p, characterized in that the membranes have a variable thickness.

71. The device according to any one of p. 69 or 70, characterized in that the membrane is made easily removable.

72. The device according to any one of p. 64-70, characterized in that it contains a stamping mechanism - a pair of drums comprising on the outer surface of the cell mounted rotatably towards each other, while the cells are located on the drum so that the maximum the size covering the contour of the inlet, they are oriented mainly in the direction of their movement.

73. The device according to any one of p. 64-70, characterized in that it contains a stamping mechanism - a pair of drums including on the outer surface of the cell mounted rotatably towards each other, while the cells are located on the drum so that the maximum the size covering the contour of the inlet, they are oriented mainly across the direction of their movement, while the ratio of the averaged maximum size covering the contour of the inlets of the cells, measured in the direction of their room, to the average minimum size covered by the input circuit cell openings greater than or equal to 1.1.

74. The device according to any one of p. 64-70, characterized in that it contains a pusher comprising rods to which screens located in the cells are attached, with a minimum clearance between the surfaces of the latter and the inner side surfaces of the cells exceeding 0.15, but less than 0.50 mm, and at the bottom of the cells there are through holes for free penetration of such rods into them, while the device further includes a rod movement mechanism configured to provide translational movement of the screens relative to tion of the respective cells, and a mechanism configured to provide a relatively slow smooth moving screens toward the inlet cells and compared it with the fast motion of screens in the opposite direction - to the bottom.

75. The device according to p. 74, characterized in that the mechanism for moving the rods includes a cam containing a step whose height is greater than or equal to the maximum stroke of the screens in the cells.

76. The device according to any one of p. 64-70 or 75, characterized in that at the bottom of the cells are openings made with the possibility of supplying air or process gas to them under excess relative to atmospheric pressure, while the device further includes means for pumping air or the process gas and the corresponding pipeline, as well as the intermittent supply of air or process gas to the cells, depending on the position of the latter relative to the zone of forming semi-finished products.

77. A device for the production of semi-finished food product from a shell with a filling, containing designed to form at least two strips of shell material rolling, consisting of at least two mechanisms, including at least two rotating towards each other a roller installed relative to each other with a given clearance, a meat feeder configured to feed portions of filling between the tapes, and having a wedge-shaped fragment oriented with the tip toward the drums, a dispenser configured to portion injection of the filling into the meat feeder, forming zone of semi-finished products, into which tapes of the material of the shell and portions of the filling are fed, while such a zone is located in close proximity to each other cells with orifices having a predetermined shape of the internal surfaces corresponding to the shape of the obtained semi-finished products, or including screens of the corresponding shape, and at least part of the cell inlet openings around its perimeter is surrounded by a sample, the working surface of which is designed to form the edge part of the semi-finished products, into also a stamping mechanism - a pair of drums including said cells mounted rotatably towards each other, characterized in that the working surface area of the samples and along the perimeter of the cells satisfies the condition

where kg = 20 MM ^ o is the average perimeter of the contour of the cell inlet openings, k ₃ = 60 mm ² , and at the same time, the inlet of at least a part of the cells is semicircular in shape with a fragment whose contour has variable curvature and contains repeating protruding elements with an angular period following γ greater than 10 but less than 45 °, while the inner surface of such cells also has repeating protruding elements, the angular period of which is approximately equal to γ, while the height of the profile of the elements mentioned first, and the height of the elements mentioned second, about the same and more than 2, but less than 5 mm

78. The device according to p. 77, characterized in that at least in part of the cells behind their inlet membranes are installed membranes of plastically deformable material, such as rubber, the edges of which are rigidly fixed near the contour of the inlet of the cells.

79. The device according to p, characterized in that the membrane has a variable thickness.

80. The device according to any one of p. 78 or 79, characterized in that the membrane is made easily removable.

81. The device according to any one of p. 77-79, characterized in that it contains a stamping mechanism - a pair of drums including on the outer surface of the cell mounted rotatably towards each other, while the cells are located on the drum so that the maximum the size covering the contour of the inlet, they are oriented mainly in the direction perpendicular to its movement.

82. The device according to any one of p. 77-79, characterized in that it contains a pusher comprising rods to which screens located in the cells are attached, with a minimum clearance between the surfaces of the latter and the inner side surfaces of the cells exceeding 0.15, but less than 0.50 mm, and at the bottom of the cells there are through holes for free penetration of such rods into them, while the device further includes a rod movement mechanism configured to provide translational movement of the screens relative to tion of the respective cells, and a mechanism configured to provide a relatively slow smooth moving screens toward the inlet cells and compared it with the fast motion of screens in the opposite direction - to the bottom.

83. The device according to p. 82, characterized in that the mechanism The movement of IGROKS includes a cam containing a step whose height is greater than or equal to the maximum stroke of the screens in the cells.

84. The device according to p. 82, characterized in that the screens are made of a material having little adhesion to the sheath material, such as fluoroplastic, or have, at least on their working surface, an appropriate coating, such as Teflon.

85. The device according to any one of p. 77-79, 83 or 84, characterized in that at the bottom of the cells are openings made with the possibility of supplying air or process gas to them under excess relative to atmospheric pressure, while the device further includes a means injection of air or process gas and the corresponding pipeline, as well as the intermittent supply of air or process gas to the cell, depending on the position of the latter relative to the zone of forming semi-finished products.

86. A device for the production of semi-finished food product from a shell with a filling, containing for rolling at least two strips of shell material, consisting of at least two mechanisms, including at least two rollers rotating towards each other, mounted relative to each other with a given the gap, as well as the stamping mechanism - a pair of cells including drums mounted rotatably towards each other, characterized in that the number of cells satisfies the following word

D _b - the diameter of the outer surface of the drum, and 100mm≤D _b ≤400mm, (b)

D _i - the maximum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, d _i - the minimum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, while the drums are set so that the minimum distance between them does not exceed half the average thickness of the tapes, and at least one edge as at least one of them has a sample with a depth exceeding half the average thickness of the tapes, and a width of 5 to 25% of the width of the working zone, defined as an eventual zone for the separation of semi-finished products, for which the smallest possible e is the distance between the surfaces of the drums outside the cells, on the outer surface of the drums in the direction of their axes, while such a width is from 30 to 300 mm.

87. The device according to p, characterized in that the number of cells that can simultaneously be crossed by the generatrix of the drum, more than 1, and the cells are located on the surface of the drum in a checkerboard pattern.

88. The device according to p, characterized in that the neighboring cells are made mirror-turned.

89. The device according to p, characterized in that the diameter of the outer surface of the drum is more than 200, but less than 250 mm.

90. The device according to p, characterized in that the drums are installed so that their outer surfaces in the area of the working areas are in contact.

91. The device according to p, characterized in that from both edges both drums include samples.

92. The device according to p, characterized in that the width of the working area is 100 + 30 mm.

93. The device according to p, characterized in that the input the openings of all the drum cells along their perimeter are surrounded by samples, the working surface of which is designed to form the edge of the semi-finished products, while the sampling depth along the perimeter of the cells is more than a quarter, but less than twice the average thickness of the tapes, while the area of its working surface satisfies the condition

{10 mm J lOmm) 'where

o is the average perimeter of the contour of the inlet openings of the cells, k ₂ = 50 mm ² , and the width of such a sample, as well as the curvature of the contour of the inlet openings of the cells, are not constant, and on average, the width of the sample is larger in that part of the cells where the contour of the inlet has a large the curvature, while the maximum sample width exceeds the minimum, and the maximum size, covering the contour of the cell inlet, exceeds the minimum by at least 10, but not more than 100%.

94. The device according to any one of p. 85-93, characterized in that the cells are located on the drums so that the minimum distance between the contour of the inlet openings of adjacent cells does not exceed 2 mm

95. The device according to any one of p. 85-93, characterized in that the drums with the accuracy of manufacturing errors are identical.

96. A device for the production of semi-finished food product from a shell with a filling, containing for rolling at least two strips of shell material, consisting of at least two mechanisms, including at least two rollers rotating towards each other, mounted relative to each other with a given the gap, as well as the stamping mechanism - a pair of incorporating cell drums installed with the possibility of rotation towards each other, characterized in that the number of cells satisfies the following condition where j is the number of cells that can simultaneously be crossed by the generatrix of the drum, such that the condition

DQ - diameter of the outer surface of the drum, with 100mm ≤D ₆ ≤400mm, (10)

D _i - the maximum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, d _i - the minimum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, and the drums are set so that the minimum distance between them does not exceed half the average thickness of the tapes, while the drums. they have a kinematic connection that is locked on a power drive, built on the basis of gear and / or chain gears, providing approximate equality of the linear speeds of their outer surfaces - working areas, and the mentioned linear speed is at least 3, but not more than 30% higher than linear speed working surfaces of the rollers.

97. The device according to p, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of changing the ratio of linear velocities of the outer surfaces of the drums and the working surfaces of the rollers.

98. The device according to p. 97, characterized in that it uses a frequency-controlled electric drive for rotating the drums, while for the rotation of the rolling rollers - a drive independent of the adjustable.

99. The device according to p, characterized in that for drum rotation, it includes an induction motor.

100. The device according to any one of p. 96-99, characterized in that the drums are installed so that their outer surfaces in the area of the working areas are in contact.

101. A device for the production of semi-finished food product from a shell with a filling, containing for rolling at least two strips of shell material, consisting of at least two mechanisms, including at least two rollers rotating towards each other, mounted relative to each other with a given the gap, as well as the punching mechanism - a pair of cells including drums mounted rotatably towards each other, characterized in that the number of cells satisfies the following condition

j≤ (12)

DQ is the diameter of the outer surface of the drum, with 100 mm <D ₆ <400 mm, (13) D _i is the maximum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, d _i is the minimum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, and the drums are installed in such a way that the minimum distance between them does not exceed a quarter of the average thickness of the tapes, while the device further comprises an alignment unit for the relative position of the drums, including at least one eccentric support of at least one of the drums or its axis.

102. The device according to p. 101, characterized in that the alignment unit includes eccentric bearings of each drum or their axes.

103. The device according to p. 101, characterized in that the support of at least one of the drums is made with the possibility of its movement during adjustment along the axis.

104. The device according to p. 103, characterized in that at least one of the drums is seated on a sleeve that mates with the body of the device or with its bed, or with the axis of the drum threaded.

105. The device according to any one of p. 101-104, characterized in that the drums have a kinematic connection locked on the power drive, built on the basis of gear and / or chain gears, with at least one of the drums or at least one of the devices the drums are mounted with the possibility of rotation of at least one of them while the other is stationary.

106. A device for the production of semi-finished food products from a shell with a filling, containing for rolling at least two strips of shell material, consisting of at least two mechanisms, including at least two rollers rotating towards each other, mounted relative to each other with a given the gap, as well as the stamping mechanism - a pair of cells including drums mounted rotatably towards each other, characterized in that the number of cells satisfies the following condition

where j is the number of cells that can simultaneously be crossed by the generatrix of the drum, such that the condition D

J ≤ (15)

Dβ is the diameter of the outer surface of the drum, with 100mm≤D _b ≤400mm, (16)

D _l - the maximum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, d _i - the minimum size covering the contour of the cell inlet, and the drums are set so that the minimum distance between them does not exceed half the average thickness of the tapes, with at least one of the drums installed on a cantilevered axis.

107. The device according to p. 106, characterized in that both drums are mounted on cantilevered axles, while from the side opposite the indicated fixing, the axes are connected to each other by means of a retainer having a rigid structure.