RU122249U1 - DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS FROM TEST WITH A START - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for making products from dough with filling, mounted on a supporting frame structure, containing a hopper for dough, a hopper for filling, blowers for dough and filling, a dough tube forming head, into which the filling is fed and a punching mechanism, including drums with forming cells, moreover, the filling blower can be made in the form of a gear pump, and the dough blower and the punching mechanism are equipped with autonomous drives, a control unit for the operation of the device, characterized in that the dough tube molding head is made in the form of an extrusion mechanism, the casing of which is connected to a cooling system introduced into the device, containing a built-in refrigerator with a compressor and a coolant temperature controller, the filling hopper is equipped with a screw with blades fixed on it for mixing the filling, and the filling blower is equipped with an autonomous drive, the dough blower is made in the form of three screws, two auxiliary and the main screw, filled with a hollow and connected to the outlet of the filling blower. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the extrusion mechanism is located on the main screw of the dough blower and contains a nozzle with an attachment unit that allows you to change its position relative to the screw axis to change the thickness of the dough tube. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stamping mechanism is made in the form of a quick-detachable replaceable module, the profile drum of which makes it possible to manufacture homogeneous or different products both in weight and in shape. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling system is

Description

The invention relates to the food industry, namely to technology and equipment intended for the industrial production of dough products with filling, and more particularly to the manufacture of a wide range of dumplings, pies, manti, pasties, whitewash, etc., and can be used in large enterprises - manufacturers of these foods, as well as catering facilities.

A device for the manufacture of ravioli according to the patent US 4996914, which contains a shaper (stamping means), including two rotating towards each other parallel mounted drum, one of which is made with many forming cells placed on the cylindrical surface of the drum evenly and ordering with the formation of rows according to forming cylinder. The second drum is made with a continuous surface. A dispenser is placed above the drum with cells, which converts the mass of filler into portions of fillings. The output of the dispenser is a nozzle arranged in two rows, with the number of nozzles in one row equal to the number of cells in one row on the drum surface, the location of the nozzles corresponds to the location of the cells, and the distance between the rows of nozzles is proportional to the distance between the rows of cells. The feed mechanism of the test tapes is two conveyors, one of which feeds the test tape to the drum with cells on a segment of the cylindrical surface on its rise in front of the dispenser nozzles, and the other to the same drum on the descent segment after passing the cylindrical surface of the nozzle zone.

The main disadvantage of the technical solution according to US Pat. No. 4,996,914 is the complexity of the metering device and the fact that particles of the filling cannot be excluded from the parts of the test tape to be glued. The filling particles get into the gluing places because the depressions formed in the test tape, after filling them with portions and covering another test tape, move to the sealing zone without fastening the test tapes to each other, i.e. when turning the drum, some shift in the filling mass is possible. This is especially true for dumplings, for which minced meat contains meat juice, i.e. very mobile liquid fraction. However, with an increase in the frequency of rotation of the drums, i.e. with an increase in centrifugal forces acting on everything that can be on their surface, and therefore in the recesses on the surface of the drums, the probability of particles of filling in the gluing sites increases significantly. This is a significant factor in deterring the performance of such equipment.

A known machine for the production of ravioli, which contains a dough feeder comprising a hopper with a dough mixing mechanism consisting of mixing and sealing rollers connected by gears. On the mixing rollers there are vanes for mixing the dough. A rectangular funnel is made in the bottom of the hopper. The hopper is mounted above the rollers for rolling out the test tapes and feeding them to the stamping drums. The drums have forming cells on cylindrical surfaces, the rows of which are staggered. In the plane perpendicular to the axis of the drum, the cells of adjacent rows are located with an angular shift. The filling supercharger, also known as the stuffing pump, has discharge tubes installed in the interface of test tapes at the outlet. The number of tubes is equal to the number of rows of cells on the reels. Tubes made of an elastic material (for example, polyethylene) are laid through a breaker. The chopper comprises a base on which a shaft connected to the drive is rotatably mounted. The shaft has annular grooves "b". At the base, grooves “c” are made. The grooves “b” form, along with the grooves “c”, channels for injection tubes. Inside the grooves "b" clamping rollers are fixed, with a relative angular shift of 18 °. Depending on the degree of clamping of the tube (partial or complete overlap), the rollers can be located inside the grooves "b" or protrude from them. The degree of clamping of the tube depends on the formulation of the filling used (thick or liquid). All blocks are mounted on a common supporting frame structure. The machine is equipped with a conveyor and a container for finished dumplings and an automation system that synchronizes the operation of the machine. (RF patent No. 2379894, published on January 27, 2009)

Subsequently, some components of this machine were improved (RF Patent No. 80312, published February 10, 2009), in particular, the mincemeat flow chopper contains electromagnets connected to a pulse voltage source, whose anchors have pins designed to interact with the feed tubes stuffing, which provides periodic injection of the filling into the cells of the forming drums, and the embossed drum can be interchangeable, depending on the shape of the manufactured product.

In the patent of the Russian Federation No. 104425, publ. 05/20/2011), a gear pump is used as a stuffing pump to ensure a more even supply of filling, but this does not completely eliminate the disadvantages inherent in the pelmeni machine.

The machine has the following main disadvantages: design complexity and insufficient reliability. The filling is supplied by a gear pump, which is driven by creating pressure inside the system by the first pump, which does not provide an optimally uniform supply of the filling, which enters the cells of the forging drums through elastic tubes of at least a meter in length, so there is a risk of dead zones in them, where it accumulates fat that clogs the channels, so this design solution does not allow the use of greasy fillings with inclusions, increases the complexity of operation due to washing elast egg tubes. The machine requires rolling the test into two test tapes and additional winding rollers with separate drives, which also complicates the design, and it should be noted that the number of channels is four. In the production of dumplings or other products with filling, from two test tapes it increases waste, so a separate container must be provided for them.

A device for the manufacture of dough products with filling is known, which contains a hopper for mixing dough and filling, horizontally located chambers for accommodating the feeding mechanisms of dough and filling in them. The dough feed mechanism is made in the form of a rotary eccentric pump and consists of a rotor, which is installed in holes made with an eccentricity. Four radial blades are installed in the radial slots of the rotor. Each of the blades is fixedly fixed on a cylindrical guide placed with the possibility of free movement in the through radial hole of the rotor. The device drive can be made manual or mechanized. In the upper part of the test and filling chambers there are windows for feeding the test from the test hopper and from the filling hopper. The dough feed hopper is mounted on the outer surface of the housing with supports and screws. Superchargers for dough and filling are installed in the hopper. A window is made in the lower part of the camera body, which serves to exit the test into the test lead, which is rigidly fixed to the body.

On the side of the chamber for supplying the filling, a second rotor, coupled with its inner cylindrical surface, is fixed, fixed from axial movement by the support cover. On the cylindrical surface of the rotor in the planes normal to its axis, metering holes are made. On the end face of the second rotor, on its cylindrical surface in the axial plane, ledges are made with a smooth transition into the end plane, and a pin-pin is placed in the opening of the cover, interacting with a spring pressed by a cap mounted on the outer surface of the cover. The firing pin is installed with the ability to interact with the ledges. In the assembled device, the interaction of the pin-striker with the ledges should be provided at the time of the location of the metering holes in the lower position with a vertical arrangement of its axis.

A tube fits snugly against the edge of the window. A test lead is brought into the tube along the outer diameter and is rigidly fixed on the side of the test feed chamber along the mating cylindrical surface. A cylindrical girdle with a vertical axis is formed on the test guide. A replaceable nut is installed on the girdle with the help of thread, the inner surface of which together with the tube form a dough-forming head.

The forming rolls, together with the pulleys rigidly connected with them, are mounted for rotation on the axles. The large roll is made smooth, and the small roll is made with ribs located normally on the surface of this roll. The outer surface along the height of the ribs is made cylindrical with a diameter equal to the diameter of a large smooth roll. The longitudinal axis of the ribs can be located either along the line of intersection of the diagonal plane with the cylindrical surface of the small roll, or along the generatrices of this roll (Patent No. 21717432, publ. 08.20.1998).

The disadvantages of this device include the complexity of the design of the dough feed unit, as well as the use of a single drive to operate the device, therefore, for the transmission of rotation, it is necessary to use complex mechanical gears, which cannot ensure the constancy of the speed of the stuffing, it enters the test tube’s inner tube (into the forming head) when the second rotor is shaken by hitting its end. The reliability and accuracy of such dosing is doubtful.

The closest technical solution to the claimed utility model is a device for the manufacture of ravioli, which contains a hopper for dough, a hopper for filling; dough blowers and fillings, consisting of blowing augers and feed rolls; a molding head of the test tube into which the filling and the stamping mechanism are supplied, including drums with molding cells on the cell walls, holes are made in which gravitational ejectors are installed; dough and filling drives; a drive for transmitting rotation to the drums and pipes for feeding dough and filling.

The device is mounted on a frame structure and operates as follows.

Dough and filling are loaded into the appropriate hopper. When the drives are turned on, the movement is transmitted to the rolls connected by a gear transmission to the dough and filling screw. During the rotation of the screws and rolls, the dough and the filling are fed through the pipes to the forming head, where a test cylindrical shell with the filling is formed. Next, the shell with the filling enters the contact zone of the forming drums, during rotation of which are towards each other from the common drive and is divided into finished products in their molding cells. With further rotation of the hemispherical molding cells, the process resembles the descent of the sleeve-roller chain from the sprocket. In the case of sticking dumplings, the ejectors, moving under their own weight radially to the periphery of the drum in the holes, push the finished product out of the cells. (RF patent No. 2042328, publ. 08/27/1995).

The main disadvantage of this device is that there is no filling dispenser in the places of gluing, on the inner surface of the test tube, there are traces of the filling displaced during the stamping process (since the filling fills the test tube completely, without dividing the mass inside the test tube with respect to a specific product), which leads to insufficient adhesion between the bonded parts of the product shell, and as a result, to a deterioration in the quality of the finished product.

The design of the minced meat supply unit does not allow optimal mixing of the minced meat and requires the use of minced meat with certain properties, the rotation of the stamping drums is carried out at a constant speed, the product range is limited to several positions. To change the shape and weight of the product, variable interchangeable stamping drums are used, the replacement of which requires at least 40 minutes

The technical task of the utility model is: the creation of high-performance equipment with the ability to expand the range of products from the test shell with the filling without reducing their quality; improving the reliability of equipment and reducing labor costs during its operation.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the known device for manufacturing products from dough with filling, mounted on a supporting frame structure, containing a hopper for dough, a hopper for filling; superchargers of dough and fillings, a head for molding a test tube into which a filling and a stamping mechanism are supplied, including drums with molding cells, the supercharger of the filling can be made in the form of a gear pump, and the drive for feeding the test and rotation of the drums of the stamping mechanism is autonomous, the device operation control unit , changes and additions have been made, namely:

- the head of the molding of the test tube is made in the form of an extrusion mechanism, and the casing of the head is connected to a cooling system containing a refrigerator with a compressor and a temperature controller of the coolant;

- a mixing device is installed along the vertical axis of the filling hopper, including a screw with blades attached to it;

- the blower of the test is made in the form of two auxiliary and the main screw; made hollow and connected to the outlet of the filling supercharger;

Besides,

- the stamping mechanism is made in the form of a single quick-detachable structural module, the profile drum of which provides the possibility of manufacturing homogeneous or different products, both in weight and in shape;

- the extrusion mechanism is located on the main auger of the dough blower and contains a nozzle with a mounting unit that allows you to change its position along the axis of the screw, which allows you to adjust the thickness of the test tube and the flow rate of the filling;

- the cooling system of the extrusion mechanism itself is located on the lower base of the frame and is equipped with a tank for circulating coolant;

- the device control system is made in the form of separate control units for each node, and the device’s autonomous drives are equipped with frequency controllers;

- auxiliary and main screws of the dough blower are made of stainless steel.

The modified design of the dough feed allows you to use a softer and wetter dough, which improves the taste of the product, and also allows you to adjust, within a wider range, the ratio of dough / filling, and to provide a more uniform presentation of the text regardless of the shape and size of the pieces.

Installing a mixing device in the filling hopper in the form of a screw with blades allows you to use a wider range of fillings (denser minced meat, other fillings with a lower water content, etc.).

In addition, the use of a filling of a gear pump with an independent drive as a supercharger allows the use of unbound filling in pieces of up to 10 mm and ensures uniformity of its feeding into the cavity of the main auger of the dough supercharger.

An extrusion mechanism for forming a test tube, containing an internal nozzle with a fastener providing for its displacement along the axis of the main screw, allows changing the ratio of dough and filling by changing the thickness of the test tube.

The built-in refrigerator with a compressor and a temperature control thermostat maintains a constant quality of the product, preventing drying of the dough during molding, and also improves its taste.

Equipping the main components of the device with an independent drive with frequency regulation facilitates the synchronization of their work and facilitates the selection of settings (mixing, feeding of filling, dough and molding of the product are separately regulated)

The implementation of the stamping mechanism in the form of a quick-detachable module contributes to increased productivity and significantly reduces the time to rebuild products. instead of replacing the profile drum, which took about 40 minutes, replacing the module corresponding to the selected product takes 3 minutes, moreover, cleaning and washing of the stamping mechanism is carried out in parallel and does not affect the manufacture of products.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by the following drawings. Figure 1 shows a General view of the device; figure 2 shows the location of the auxiliary and the main auger dough; figure 3 is a cross section illustrating the device of the extrusion forming head; figure 4 shows some of the possible profiles of the matrix of the stamping drum in the manufacture of various products (dumplings, manti, pies, pasties, etc.).

A device for manufacturing dough products with filling is mounted on a frame supporting structure 1, contains a filling hopper 2 with a filling supply unit, including a gear pump 3, a control panel 4, a test hopper 5 with a molding test supply unit 6 (blower), an extrusion head 7 , stamping mechanism 8, cooling system, including a compressor 9 with a 9 "a" drive and a cooling water tank 10, with a temperature controller (TD), stand-alone drives 11-14 with gearboxes for driving individual units of the device: stirring drive 11 the filling unit of the filling, the screw blower of the dough supply 13, the gear pump 14 and the drums of the stamping mechanism 12; the filling mixing unit contains a screw 15 with blades 16, is installed along the axis of the filling hopper 2, an air suction tube 17, a plate 18 for conveying finished products to a conveyor or storage tank (not shown in Fig.), a flour hopper (for sprinkling some products during the formation them), rollers 20 for moving the device. There are a number of nodes that perform auxiliary functions, for example, a fan, bushings and a clamp of a stamping mechanism for quick module replacement, but they are not shown in Figs. 1-4.

Figure 2 shows the test hopper 5 and the dough feed unit located below it, including two auxiliary screws 21, located parallel to the above the main screw 22.

Figure 3 shows the test hopper 5, auxiliary screws 21 and the main screw 22 for feeding the dough having an internal cavity for the filling, a support (7 "a") to which the extrusion head 7 is attached, a casing 23 of the head provided with an inlet fitting 24 (outlet fitting not shown) for introducing cooling water, a threaded sleeve 25, for fixing the screw 22 to the caliper 26, an adjusting nut 27, a nozzle 28, a nut 29 for attaching the nozzle 29 and a tube 31 for introducing the filling.

Figure 4 shows the external profiles of some drums 32, 33. 34, 35 of the stamping module, and module 32, 33, 35 is used in the manufacture of various-weight dumplings, dumplings, manti and mini pasties, and module 34 for the manufacture of rectangular and triangular samsa .

The device operates as follows. The operator, depending on the type of product being manufactured and the quality of the pre-prepared dough and the filling, manually loads into the respective bins 2, 5 and sets the operating mode of the drives 12-14 and the drive 11 of the mixing screw 15 equipped with moving blades 16 of the filling using the remote control 4. Mixing is carried out to bring the quality of the filling to a certain condition. The drives 12-14 of the screw blower 7 for feeding the dough, gear pump and drums of the stamping mechanism are equipped with gearboxes and frequency controllers, for feeding the dough. Auxiliary augers 21 compact the dough and direct it towards the main auger 22 into a container for receiving the dough. Screw 22 dough is pushed through the annular gap of the extrusion mechanism 7, forming a test shell in the form of a pipe. At the exit of the test guide, by means of the support (7 "a")), the extrusion mechanism 7 is installed on the screw 22. When the dough is moved, it heats up, therefore, in order to maintain its quality, cooling liquid is supplied through the nozzle 26 from the refrigerator equipped with a compressor 9 s drive 9 "a" through special hoses (not shown in figure 1). The liquid after use enters the tank 10 for reuse. The temperature of the cooling water is maintained by a temperature controller (DT). At the end of the extrusion mechanism, there is a nozzle 28 that is attached to the housing by means of a threaded sleeve of the screw 25, a support 26 and an adjustable nut 27, so the position of the nozzle 28 relative to the screw can be changed, thereby changing the thickness of the test tube. The filling loaded into the hopper 2 is mixed and compacted using a mixing unit, which is a screw 15 with blades 16. It is rotated by a reversible motor 11, and the inclination of the blades is selected depending on the properties of the filling. Next, the filling is transported to the gear pump 3. The gear pump fills the cavity of the main screw 22, through the tube 31 filling. The filling feed tube is located in the hollow screw 22 of the dough feed mechanism. The filling in the test tube is dosed through the nozzle 30. The two-component product obtained in this way (which is a test tube filled with the filling) is used as a billet during rolling on the stamping drums of module 8. The shell with the filling enters the contact zone of the stamping drums, when rotating towards to each other from an autonomous drive 12 and is divided into finished products in their molding cells. With further rotation of the molding cells having the selected shape, the process resembles the descent of the sleeve-roller chain from the sprocket.

When switching to another product, to avoid loss of productivity, module 7 is completely replaced, but the difference in the design of the forming drum is only the relief of the matrix 32-35 (figure 4) on the main drum, because the second drum is made smooth ..

A specific choice of the shape of the matrix is carried out, depending on the shape and weight of the manufactured product.

The advantages of the proposed device, compared with the known ones, is a significant increase in the productivity of the device, expanding the range of manufactured products, increasing the reliability of the equipment and reducing labor costs for operation.

Currently, mass production of devices for the production of dumplings, manti, dumplings, samsa, pie, whitewash and mini pasties has been established, which will be delivered to various regions on request of equipment delivery.

Claims (6)

1. A device for the manufacture of dough products with filling mounted on a supporting frame structure containing a hopper for dough, a hopper for filling, blowers of dough and fillings, a molding head for a test tube into which a filling and a stamping mechanism including drums with molding cells are fed, moreover, the filling supercharger can be made in the form of a gear pump, and the test supercharger and the stamping mechanism are equipped with autonomous drives, the device operation control unit, characterized in that the molding head I test tube is made in the form of an extrusion mechanism, the casing of which is connected to the cooling system introduced into the device, containing a built-in refrigerator with a compressor and a coolant temperature controller, the filling hopper is equipped with a screw with blades fixed on it for mixing the filling, and the filling supercharger is equipped with an independent drive, the test supercharger is made in the form of three augers, two auxiliary and a main auger, made hollow and connected to the outlet of the filling supercharger. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the extrusion mechanism is placed on the main auger of the dough blower and contains a nozzle with a fastener that allows you to change its position relative to the axis of the screw for the possibility of changing the thickness of the test tube 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stamping mechanism is made in the form of a quick-detachable replaceable module, the profile drum of which allows the production of homogeneous or various products both in weight and in shape. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling system of the extrusion head is located on the lower base of the frame body and is equipped with a tank for circulating cooling water. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the process control system is made in the form of separate control units for the operation of each of the nodes of the device with the possibility of frequency regulation of their independent drives. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that all the screws of the dough blower are made of stainless steel.