WO2006074781A1

WO2006074781A1 - Sliding door comprising a magnetic drive system and a winding unit

Info

Publication number: WO2006074781A1
Application number: PCT/EP2005/013394
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sven Busch
Original assignee: Dorma Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2005-01-14
Filing date: 2005-12-13
Publication date: 2006-07-20
Also published as: DE102005002061A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a sliding door comprising a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf. Said system comprises a row of magnets which are arranged in the drive direction, whereby the magnetisation thereof changes the polarity in the longitudinal direction thereof at specified intervals, and a winding assembly consisting of several individual windings, cores and winding wires, said assembly causing an interaction with the row of magnets that initiates feed forces when the individual windings are controlled in a corresponding manner. The power conducting parts comprise an electromagnetic housing which protects against waves, fields and radiation.

Description

Titθl: sliding door with a magnetic drive system with a coil unit

description

The invention relates to a sliding door with a magnetic drive system with a Spulene.inheit, which is preferably arranged in a linear motor stator. The magnetic drive system has a linear drive unit with at least one row of magnets. The term magnet series also includes elongated individual magnets. The magnet series can be arranged stationary or mobile. The magnetic drive system is preferably designed as a magnetic support and drive system.

From DE 40 16 948 A1 a sliding door guide is known, in which mutually interacting magnets under normal load, a non-contact floating guide a held in a sliding door Türflüge or the like cause, in addition to the stationary magnet arranged the sliding guide a stator of a linear motor is arranged whose runner is arranged on the sliding door. The selected V-shaped arrangement of the permanent magnets of the disclosed permanently excited magnetic support means no laterally stable guideway can be realized, which is why a relatively complicated arrangement and design of the stator and rotor is required.

From WO 00/50719 A1 a combined storage and drive system for an automatically operated door is known, in which a permanently energized magnetic support system is symmetrical and has stationary and movable magnet rows, which are each arranged in a plane, wherein the support system in a labile equilibrium weight, and in which the support system has symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements, which can be stored in a roll shape. Due to the thus achieved laterally stable track results in a simple design and arrangement of the stator and rotor housed in a common housing linear motor, namely the ability to arbitrarily arrange stator and rotor of the linear motor with respect to the support system and with respect to the shape of stand and runners not to be limited by the support system.

What these two storage systems have in common is that they work according to the principle of the repulsive force effect, which principle of action enables a stable state of suspension without expensive electrical control. The disadvantage of this, however, is that both at least one stationary and at least one positionable magnet series must be present, ie, over the entire path of the sliding guide or the bearing of the automatically operated door and on the movable along this guide support carriage for the door magnets Such a system, which is characterized by the absence of mechanical friction to support the door by extreme ease and noiseless operation and is almost wear and maintenance-free, is very expensive to manufacture.

From DE 196 18 518 C1 an electromagnetic drive system for magnetic levitation and support systems is further known, in which a stable levitation and support state is achieved by a suitable arrangement of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material. For this purpose, the permanent magnet displaces the ferromagnetic material. in the state of a magnetic partial saturation. Electromagnets are arranged in such a way that the permanent magnets are replaced by a saturation change in the support rail are moved, and the coil cores are involved in the permanent magnetic partial saturation, which leads to the floating and wearing state.

Furthermore, WO 94/13055 shows a stator drive for an electric linear drive and a door provided with such a stand, which is suspended by means of magnets in the lintel of a frame. For this purpose, a plurality of magnets or magnet groups are arranged on the door panel whose magnetic field strength is so great that an attraction force is achieved to a guide plate, which is arranged on the underside of the lintel, wherein the attraction force is sufficient to lift the weight of the door.

It is common to the two systems described in these documents that caking of the magnets on the ferromagnetic material is prevented by means of rollers, ie an air gap is set between the magnets and the ferromagnetic material by means of rollers. These roles must take large forces in the selected arrangements, since the magnetic field strength can not be chosen so that only the respective magnetically hung door is held, but due to safety regulations a certain additional load capacity must be present so that the door is not unintentional drops. Consequently, the roles must be interpreted in a similar way, as in purely roller-mounted sliding doors, resulting in that a mechanical friction for adjusting the air gap is present. This eliminates the extreme smoothness and noiseless operation of the bearings operating on the repulsive force principle and leads to wear and maintenance. In addition, the magnetic attraction force is already set during production to the respective load to be supported -A-

which makes these systems unsuitable or too expensive for practical use.

Further, although these publications lead to the use of a coupled with a magnetic support means or integrated linear drive, the design of such a linear drive is not described.

It is therefore the object of the invention to further develop a sliding door with a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf, which has a linear drive unit with a coil unit and at least one magnetic row interacting therewith, so that the aforementioned advantages remain and continue an EMC compatibility is ensured.

This object is achieved by a sliding door with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the subject of claim 1 are given in the dependent claims.

The sliding door according to the invention comprises a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf, with a magnet array arranged in the drive direction, the magnetization of which changes sign in its longitudinal direction at certain intervals, and a coil arrangement consisting of a plurality of individual coils, coil cores and a coil wiring which, with appropriate control of the individual coils causes an interaction with the magnetic series, which causes feed forces, in which live parts have an electromagnetic waves, fields and / or radiation shielding housing. The invention thus provides an EMC shielding of the entire drive unit is achieved by the live parts of the coil assembly are installed in an electromagnetic waves, fields or radiation shielding housing. This housing is in particular designed so that the magnetic fields generated by the coils, which cause an interaction with the magnetic series, thus enabling propulsion of the door leaf, are not or at least not significantly disturbed. This can be done, for example, by the housing in the region of the exit and entry of these magnetic fields in the coil cores does not exist or in this regard has no shielding effect.

In the sliding door according to the invention, the enclosure preferably accommodates the coil cores. In this way, the entire Spulenan- order is shielded. This allows a simple embodiment of the enclosure as a shell around the coil assembly. In the area of the exit and entry of the magnetic fields into the coil cores, the enclosure can be interrupted. However, this does not necessarily have to be done since the enclosure can be designed so that it shields electromagnetic waves, fields and / or radiation, but is permeable to magnetic fields.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the housing alternatively or additionally preferably consists of an electrically conductive material, since this is particularly well suited for shielding electromagnetic waves, fields and / or radiation.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the housing further alternatively or additionally preferably has a metal foil, a metal sheet, a metal mesh, a metallic or metallic coated braid, a metal foil. professional! and / or a metallically coated material. According to the invention, the enclosure may consist of one or more of these materials, wherein the enclosure may consist of one or more components, eg a base plate and a lid, which are made of different or the same materials.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the enclosure further alternatively or additionally preferably forms a complete or almost complete enclosure of the coil arrangement. Alternatively, the housing in the sliding door according to the invention preferably has openings and covers more than 70% of the live parts of the coil arrangement. In such an embodiment, a sufficient EMC compatibility of the sliding door according to the invention is secured, whereby a safe installation of the sliding door according to the invention also in EMC-sensitive locations, such. in hospitals, can be done. The shielding housing may thus according to the invention thus have small holes and / or openings, which, however, does not interfere with the shielding of harmful electromagnetic waves, fields and radiation or only to a limited degree and preferably according to the usual regulations. Such small holes of the shielding housing are preferably grid-like, regularly arranged or evenly distributed over the shielding surface.

In the sliding door according to the invention, the enclosure is further alternatively or additionally preferably composed of at least two different types of components. These components may be different in terms of their physical design and / or in terms of the material, such as metal foil and metal profile or metal mesh and metal profile. In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the enclosure is furthermore alternatively or additionally preferably grounded. As a result of this preferred embodiment, voltages induced in the housing according to the invention are derived directly to ground. This serves on the one hand the better EMC compatibility and on the other hand a protection against electrical leakage currents on the outside of a housing of the sliding door according to the invention by such leakage currents are derived as close to their place of origin within the housing of the sliding door. This grounding of the enclosure according to the invention is further preferably carried out by connection to the earth conductor of the network or a separate grounding of the controller.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the housing is furthermore alternatively or additionally preferably electrically insulated from the coils and the coil wiring. By this preferred embodiment of the invention, the occurrence of leakage currents is further avoided.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, as an alternative or in addition, preferably connection leads, connection plugs and / or connection terminals of the coil arrangement are enveloped by a layer shielding electromagnetic waves, fields or radiation. This layer is further preferably formed by a metallic or metallic coated foil, a metallic or metallic coated braid, a metallic or metallic coated profile or sheet or a metallically coated non-conductive body. Still preferably by

- an electrically non-conductive paint,

an electrically non-conductive foil, which is preferably made of plastic, one or more solid non-conductive bodies, preferably made of plastic,

- a plastic profile,

- A non-conductive adhesive or a non-conductive tape, and / or - by non-conductive spacers, which are preferably made of plastic.

In this preferred embodiment of the invention, not only the coil arrangement, but it is also the other live elements of the linear drive EMC shielded according to the invention.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, as an alternative or in addition, preferably electrical lines are guided by one or more displacement transducers outside the enclosure and / or have their own separate shielding. According to the invention, the displacement transducers are preferably formed by at least one optical or magnetically sensitive sensor. As a result of this embodiment according to the invention, a disturbing influence on and through the lines of displacement sensors of the linear drive is avoided according to the invention.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the housing further alternatively or additionally preferably forms a mechanical housing which offers mechanical protection of the coil arrangement. As a result of this preferred refinement of the enclosure provided for EMC shielding, in particular the electrical coils or windings and electrical lines are additionally protected against mechanical damage.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the enclosure further alternatively or additionally preferably forms a mechanical housing which provides electrical shock protection for the coil assembly. Preferably, thereby the relevant Berührschutzklassen be achieved according to the relevant standards. Also in this preferred embodiment according to the invention, the housing according to the invention performs at least a double function, namely the EMC shielding and the Berührschutzes.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the enclosure further alternatively or additionally preferably forms a housing which offers protection from weather influences. Preferably, such a housing is made of a weather-resistant material, such as stainless steel, copper, aluminum, or has another weatherproof outer sheath of plastic, aluminum eleoxal, plastic film or paint on. Further preferably, seals are used at material transitions, between different bodies of the enclosure or at line exits, which are preferably provided by an elastic sealing body, e.g. a rubber seal, a bond, a potting or an adhesive tape can be formed. In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the housing is also designed, as an alternative or in addition, in such a way that the coil arrangement is seawater-proof due to the enclosure or coating protecting from the effects of weathering.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the enclosure further alternatively or additionally preferably forms a housing that is smooth toward the outside and can be cleaned with liquid cleaning agents. This further preferably has no difficult to clean depressions. By this preferred embodiment of the invention, the hygienic requirements of hospitals, especially operating theaters and intensive care units are achieved. Further preferably, the erfindungsge- Made enclosure of this preferred embodiment of the invention without poorly cleaned wells made of stainless steel.

In the case of the sliding door according to the invention, the housing is further old-fashioned or additionally preferably equipped with a germ-killing, dirt-repellent and / or nucleation-inhibiting coating.

In the sliding door according to the invention, the enclosure is further alternatively or additionally preferably liquid-tight, whereby a hygienic cleaning of the sliding door according to the invention is considerably facilitated.

In particular, these last preferred embodiments of the inventive sliding door, which can be combined with each other and with the other preferred embodiments described (as well as these other preferred embodiments with each other) serve a hygienic protection, in particular in a liquid- and / or gas-tight design the house according to the invention with a smooth surface, which further preferably has rounded edges and no depressions.

The sliding door according to the invention further comprises, as an alternative or in addition, preferably a support carriage, which is suspended movably on a support profile and to which the door leaf can be fastened, and a roller arrangement connected to the support carriage, which fulfills a supporting function with respect to the door leaf and has a certain slit-shaped Distance between the magnet series and the coil cores ensured. According to the invention, the magnet row on the support carriage and the coil assembly on the support profile, which can be attached to a wall to which the sliding door according to the invention is to be attached, be attached, whereby the coil assembly a stator and the magnet array nen NEN runner, or it can the then forming the rotor coil assembly to the support carriage and then forming the stator magnet series to be attached to the support profile.

By such a design of the magnetic drive system as a magnetic support and drive system, in which the required load capacity is partially absorbed by the magnetic support and drive system and partially by the roller assembly, the advantage over the prior art that the roller assembly neither the must bear the entire load of the door leaf, nor must take a required due to safety regulations high load capacity in purely by means of magnets suspended door leaves. As a result, the following advantages are achieved compared to a pure roller bearing or a magnetic suspension supported by rollers:

- longer life of the rollers

- Reduction of the roll size and thus a reduction in space bezüg lent the roller bearing,

- and a reduction in roll noise,

- Reduction of rolling resistance or rolling friction.

Furthermore, in this embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention over one with a purely magnetic support and guide system, the advantages that the load-bearing capacity stiffness in the design of the system need not be taken into account when accelerating and decelerating no rolling movements of the carried Load, eg of the door leaf, arise, and that different deflections at different door weights do not necessarily have to be considered or compensated. Furthermore, the magnetic support and drive system according to the invention thus configured for at least one door leaf without regard to the actual later use can be manufactured in series without differences, ie without an adjustment to the weight to be carried later during manufacture.

For these reasons, according to the invention, such a bearing operating according to the attractive force principle provides very good ease of operation and noiseless operation, despite the use of an unstable equilibrium state, due to the roller arrangement used, which ensures the particular gap-like distance between the magnet row and the coil arrangement electrical or electronic control device needs to be provided. A gap-like distance in the sense of this invention is a distance between two parallel or slightly inclined surfaces. Here, in particular, between a pole face of one of the (at least one) magnet row and one of these face of the coil cores of the coil arrangement arranged opposite to it, essentially parallel thereto.

In the carrying device according to the invention, the magnet row is preferably magnetized parallel to the supporting direction and transversely to the drive direction.

According to the invention, the magnet series preferably consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (Sn 2 Co) or plastic-bonded magnet materials. By using such high performance Because of the higher remanence induction, magnets can generate much higher force densities than with ferrite magnets. Consequently, the magnet system can be constructed geometrically small and thus save space for a given load capacity with high-performance magnets. The higher material costs of the high-performance magnets compared to ferrite magnets are at least compensated by the comparatively small magnet volume.

The drive system according to the invention or combined support and drive system is used to drive at least one door leaf of a sliding door, which is preferably designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall. In addition to this insert, it can also be used to drive gate leaves or in feed devices, handling devices or transport systems.

The auxiliary drive according to the invention can be provided for one door leaf or for several, including all, door leaves of a multi-leaf sliding door.

The invention will now be described in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments. Showing:

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the invention used in principle combined support and drive system,

2 shows an electrical connection of the coils of the linear

Drive unit of the combined support and drive system shown in Fig. 1, 3 is a diagram for explaining a first possibility of

Voltage profile at the as shown in Figure 2 connected coils of the drive system according to the invention,

4 is a diagram for explaining a second possibility of

Fig. 5 is a diagram for explaining a third possibility of

Voltage profile of the interconnected as shown in Figure 2 coils of the drive system according to the invention,

6 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention,

7 shows a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention,

8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to the second preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention. 1 shows a schematic basic representation of two drive segments of a drive system preferably used according to the invention, here as a combined magnetic support and drive system, in a longitudinal section, in which the magnetic linear drive used according to the invention acts on the row of magnets 1, which is fastened to a support carriage 4 , which holds a door 5. The magnet array 1 is attached to a support profile 6 and has in each case alternately polarized individual magnets. In the supporting direction above the magnet row 1, coils 2 are arranged with a certain gap-shaped spacing in such a way that a respective coil core 3 extends in the supporting direction, ie the z-direction. The coil cores are in attractive force with the magnetic series 1 and thus bring a portion of a load capacity for the door 5 on.

In order to ensure a continuous feed of the magnetic row 1, the stator coils 2 are arranged with their respective coil cores 3 in different relative positions to the grid of the permanent magnets. The more different relative positions are formed, the more uniform the thrust force can be realized over the travel. On the other hand, since each relative position is attributable to an electrical phase of a drive system required for the linear drive, as few electrical phases as possible should be used. Because of the available three-phase three-phase network, a three-phase system, as shown by way of example in FIG. 2, is very simple to construct.

In this case, a respective drive segment and thus a coil module of the linear drive unit consists of three coils which have an extension of three length units in the drive direction, ie x-direction, ie between the centers of adjacent coil cores 3 Grid Rs = 1 unit of length. The length of a magnet of the magnetic row 1 in the drive direction and the length of the gap lying between the individual magnets of the magnetic row 1 is chosen here such that the length of a magnet L _Mag net + length of a gap Luicke = magnetic grid R _M = 3/4 length unit (= 3 / 4 R ₈ ).

FIG. 2 shows the interconnection of the coils of the two drive segments shown in FIG. 1 of the linear drive unit preferably used in accordance with the invention. Here, a first coil 2a is connected to a first coil core 3a between a first phase and a second phase of a three-phase three-phase system whose three phases are uniformly distributed, ie the second phase at 120 ° and a third phase at 240 °, when the first phase is at 0 °. In the positive drive direction, i. + x-direction, next to the first coil 2a with coil core 3a lying second coil 2b with bobbin 3b of a drive segment of the linear drive unit is connected between the second phase and the third phase and in the positive drive direction, i. + x- direction next to the second coil 2b with bobbin 3b lying third coil 2c with bobbin 3c is connected between the third phase and the first phase. In addition to such a drive segment of the linear drive unit lying drive segments of the linear drive unit are connected in the same way to the three phases of Drehstπomsystems-.

If one assigns the angle formed by the permanent magnets Polraster, analogous to the arrangement in a two-pole DC motor, phase angle, so the linear coil arrangements can be mapped in a circular phase diagram. Since this can be interpreted both magnetically as a driving effect on the permanent magnets and electrically as a control of the coils, this diagram can be used to determine the relationship between the coils. The relationship between switching states and drive effect can be described uniformly.

Such a circular phase diagram with drawn coils is shown in FIG. Here, on the ordinate, the electric potential is given in V and on the abscissa the magnetic potential. A circle around the origin of this coordinate system, representing a zero potential for both the electric potential and the magnetic potential, represents the phase angles of the voltage applied to the respective coils, with an 0 ° phase position at the intersection of the circle with the positive ordinate and the phase is clockwise to a 90 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the negative abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the south pole, a 180 ^c phase position in the intersection of the circle with the negative ordinate, the minimum voltage potential represents a 270 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the positive abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the north pole, to a 360 ° phase position, which is equal to the 0 ° phase position, in the intersection of the circle with the positive Ordinate representing the maximum voltage potential changes.

As shown in FIG. 2, there is a relationship in which the first coil 2a with coil core 3a is disposed between an 0 ° phase position and a 120 ° phase position, the second coil 2b with coil core 3b is disposed between a 120 ° phase position and a 240 ° phase position ° phase position and the third coil 2c lie with coil core 3c between a 240 ° phase position and a 360 ° phase position. In three-phase operation, now rotate the hands of these coils according to the alternating frequency of the three-phase current in a clockwise direction, each one of the electrical potential difference between the on the Ordinate projected start and end points of the pointer voltage corresponding to the coil is applied.

In the magnetic interpretation of the phase diagram, a phase pass of 180 ° corresponds to a displacement of the rotor by the distance between the centers of two adjacent magnets, ie the magnetic grid RM- By the alternating polarization of the magnets in the rotor is carried out at a shift to the magnetic grid RM a pole change , After a 360 ° phase pass, the rotor displacement is two R _M. In this case, the magnets are in the starting position relative to the grid Rs of the stator coils again, comparable to a 360 ° rotation of the rotor of a two-pole DC motor.

For the electrical interpretation of the phase diagram, the ordinate is considered, on which the applied electrical voltage potential is shown. At 0 °, the maximum potential, at 180 °, the minimum potential and at 90 ° or 270 °, an average voltage potential. As mentioned above, the coils are represented in the diagram by arrows whose start and end points represent the contacts. The respectively applied coil voltage can be read by projection from start and end point of the arrows to the potential axis. By the direction of the arrow, the current direction and thereby the magnetization direction of the coil is set.

Instead of a continuous sinusoidal voltage source, which has a phase diagram according to FIG. 3, a controller with a rectangular characteristic can also be used for cost reasons. In a corresponding phase diagram, which is shown in FIG. 4, the rectangular characteristic is represented by switching thresholds. Here, the Phase connections in each case assume the three states plus potential, minus potential and potential-free. The positive potential is for example in a range between 300 ° and 60 ° and the negative potential in a range of 120 ° to 240 ° and the ranges between 60 ° and 120 ° and 240 ° and 300 ° represent the potential-free state in which the coils are not connected .. In the square-wave voltage control, the more uneven thrust compared to the sinusoidal control is disadvantageous.

Of course, a large number of further coil configurations and potential distributions can be built up, e.g. The potential distribution shown in Fig. 5, wherein a minimum potential of 0 V in a range between 105 ° and 255 °, a maximum potential of 24 V in a range of 285 ° to 75 ° and potential-free ranges of 75 ° to 105 ° and from 255 ° to 285 °.

By suitable controls according to the principles set out above, different traversing speeds and travel paths can be achieved. For this purpose, position sensors for each door can be provided or it can also be built controls that do without position sensors, the position of the door is estimated.

FIG. 6 shows a cross-section of a carrying and driving device of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention.

A basically U-shaped support profile 6 has a bottom 9 and two perpendicular to this side portions 10, each having recesses 11, in which mounted on the support carriage 4 arrangements 7, 8 run by individual rollers, which cause a vertical guide. Here two identical arrangements 7, 8 are selected by single rollers, of which a left arrangement 7 lies in the positive transverse direction y to the left of a right arrangement 8. The left-hand arrangement 7 is fastened on the supporting carriage 4 in the positive transverse direction y on the left and the right-hand arrangement 8 is fastened on the supporting carriage 4 on the right in the positive transverse direction y.

Within the here in principle U-shaped support carriage 4, on whose side regions 12 the arrangements 7, 8 are fastened by individual rollers, the magnet row 1 is arranged on the bottom 13 of the support carriage 4. Between the side regions 12 of the support carriage 4, a coil arrangement consisting of coils 2 and coil cores 3 is arranged with a gap-shaped distance a to the magnet array 1, which are fastened to a soft magnetic return rail 14, which is fastened to the bottom 9 of the support profile 6. The coil arrangement with its phase wiring 37 applied to the coils 2 in a wiring support 25 on one side, the connection lines 21 in the wiring support 25 on the other side on the coils 2, and the soft magnetic return rail 14 in this embodiment form a stator, preferably a stator forms mechanical unit and is fixed to the bottom 9 of the support section 6. The coil cores 3 and the soft magnetic return rail 14 may also be integrally formed. Then, around the coils, the phase wiring 37 and the connecting leads, a sheet-metal hood 20 is attached to the soft-magnetic return bar 14, which together with the soft-magnetic return bar 14 forms an electromagnetic shield, ie the housing according to the invention. The metal cover 20 may have 3 holes in the region of the magnetic series 1 opposite end faces of the coil cores, so that the magnetic field between the coil cores 3 and the magnetic series 1 is not through the sheet metal hood 20th is weakened. In this case, the (end faces of) the coil cores 3 also belong to the enclosure.

In order to produce the electromagnetic shielding designed here as a metal cover 20, in principle any electrically conductive material can be used. The better it conducts, the better the shielding. Particularly suitable processes and materials: steel, copper or AL sheet, copper or AL foil preferably self-adhesive, coating with conductive varnish, attaching a mesh of fine wires. Small holes in the shield often worsen these only slightly and are therefore permissible.

For stabilization, it points in principle upwards, i. in the negative supporting direction, ie the -z direction, open U-shaped support carriages 4 at the upper edges of its lateral regions 12 in the transverse direction, i. positive and negative y-direction, protruding ribs, which are interrupted in the area of the individual roles of the arrangements 7, 8 of the roller assembly.

In these embodiments of the invention, the recesses 11 of the support profile 6 are arranged in the vertical direction next to the coil 2 and coil cores 3, so the support carriage 4 is designed so that not only the magnetic row 1 attached to this is disposed within its side regions 12, but also Parts of the coils 2 and coil cores 3 fastened to the support profile 6. This results in a particularly flat construction.

Further, the recesses 11 are provided with running surfaces 15, which are designed so that a unrolling of the individual rollers of the assemblies 7, 8 of the roller assembly is quiet. For this purpose, the running surfaces 15 can consist of two or more material components, for example of one soft damping layer 15b, which is provided on the support profile 6, and a hard running layer 15a, run on the individual roles.

A horizontal guide element (not shown), which holds the support carriage 4 in a stable position in the y-direction, is also provided on the support carriage 4. Below the support carriage 4, a scale 16 of a displacement measuring system is mounted on the outside of the bottom 13, which cooperates with a provided in the support section 6 transducer 17 to determine the position of the running in the support section 6 support carriage 4. The transducer 17, which may consist of several individual sensors, is connected via a wiring 23 with an evaluation. The wiring has an EMC shield 24 which is separate from the housing.

Next to the support section 6, a panel 19 is provided, within which also a circuit arrangement 18 for controlling the linear drive unit, which also includes the evaluation of the displacement encoder, is recorded, which has a controller 21 for driving the individual coils 2 and electrically connected to the position sensor 16 of the displacement measuring system, with the coils 2 of the coil arrangement, with a (not shown) power supply and with a (not shown) sor- for initiating the opening and closing of the sliding door according to the invention is connected. The controller 21 may select one or more door panels 5, i. move each with a row of magnets 1 supporting carriage 4 move.

Of course, according to the invention, the magnet row 1 on the housing 6 and the coil arrangement consisting of coils 2, coil cores 3, their wiring 37, the connection lines 21 and the soft magnetic return rail 14 on the support carriage 4 be fixed, in which case the coil assembly shown as a stator is the runner. Such embodiments are described below with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention.

In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 6 here is the support carriage 4 is not U-shaped, but flat and the stator is not only attached to the return rail 14 at the bottom 9 of the support section 6, but the return flow rail 14 is simply designed flat and is inserted in the installed state in a groove which results between the bottom 9 and two projections 42 which are arranged on the side walls 10 of the support profile 6. In this groove and the adjoining the return flow rail 14 part of the sheet metal hood 20 of the housing is inserted.

In contrast to the first preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention shown in FIG. 6, the connecting leads 21 of the coil arrangement, that is to say the leads to their phase wiring 37, are not arranged inside the sheet-metal hood 20, but in one on the outside of one of the side walls 10 Carrying profiles 6 provided groove. The connection lines 21 here have their own enclosing EMC shielding layer 22.

Also in this embodiment, the stator with its consisting of sheet metal hood 20 and return rail 14 housing and consisting of return busbar 14, coil cores 3, coils 2, wiring bracket 25 and phase wiring 37 coil assembly is used as a whole as a whole in the support section 6. This is a lightweight Mounting possible and given an additional stiffening of the support profile 6.

Figure 8 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to the second preferred embodiment of the invention.

In a twice the length of the door leaf having support profile 6, a stator is provided which corresponds to the entire length of the support profile 6. The stator cooperates with a magnet row 1 fastened to the support rail 4, on which the door leaf 5 is suspended, and which has approximately half the length of the stator. In this way, an overlap of the stator and the magnetic row 1 is given in each position of serving as a runner support carriage 4.

It is further shown that the left-hand arrangement 7 of the roller arrangement, of the two identically constructed arrangements 7, 8, consists of four individual rollers 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, two of which are substantially in the front part and two substantially in the rear part of the door leaf 5 are arranged. Of the four individual rollers 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, the two outer individual rollers 7a, 7d, ie the front and the rear single rollers in the direction of travel, run on a lower running surface 15, ie the outer individual rollers 7a, 7d take the part of FIG Carrying the door leaf 5 and the support carriage 4 needed force that is not absorbed by the magnetic series 1 and the coil cores 2. The two middle individual rollers 7b, 7c run against an upper running surface 15, ie they support the support carriage 4 (with or without the door leaf 5 attached thereto) upwards, ie in the negative supporting direction, so that the gap-shaped distance a between the magnet row 1 and the coil cores 3 is maintained, so that the magnetic series 1 does not caking on the coil cores 3 under any circumstances. Of course, the orientation of the individual coils can also be reversed, ie the outer individual rollers 7a, 7d can be supported upwards and the middle individual rollers 7b, 7c downwards. Further, the upwardly and downwardly supporting single roles may also be arranged alternately. However, the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is preferred because of its particularly stabilizing properties for sliding doors.

FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention.

In contrast to the second preferred embodiment according to the invention shown in FIG. 7, here the coil arrangement with return busbar 14, coil cores 3, coils 2, wiring holder 25, phase wiring 37 and sheet metal hood 20 is attached to the support slide 4 and the magnet row is connected to the Support profile 6 attached. So here the magnetic series 1 forms the stator and the coil assembly the rotor. The magnet row 1 is attached to a mounting rail 26, which is inserted into the groove, which results between the bottom 9 and two projections 42, which are arranged on the side walls 10 of the support section 6.

The sheet metal hood 20 is held here in grooves in the magnetic row 1 facing surface of the support carriage 4, between which a recess in the surface of the support carriage 4 is provided, in which the return flow rail 14 is arranged.

10 shows a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention. In contrast to the third preferred embodiment according to the invention shown in FIG. 9, no combination of reflux rail 14 and sheet metal hood 20 is embodied here as enclosure, whereby the coil arrangement is enclosed, but the shielding is achieved by the movable support carriage 4 and the fixed support profile 4 , The shield is closed by a labyrinth seal between these two relatively moving components.

The labyrinth seal is obtained by making the support slide U-shaped (similar to the first preferred embodiment of the invention described in relation to Figure 6), with the outward, i.e. in the direction of the side walls 10 of the support section 6, projecting upper edges of the support carriage 4 engage in grooves in the side walls 10 of the support carriage 4 and between these grooves engaging in the upper edges and the grooves only a small air gap. The grooves may also have a bent shape as long as engagement of the upper edges of the support carriage 4 is ensured.

The coil arrangement consisting here of coils 2, coil cores 3, wiring holder 25 and phase wiring 37 is arranged in the interior of the U formed by the support carriage 4. The support carriage 4 takes over here not only a part of the function of the housing, but also the function of not existing in this embodiment return flow rail 14th Bezυgszeichenliste

I magnetic row 2a, b, c coil 3a, b, c spool core

4 carrying carriages

5 door leaves

6 supporting profile

7a, b, c, d Roller arrangement, left arrangement 8 Roller arrangement, right arrangement

9 ■ Bottom of the supporting profile

10 side area of the supporting profile

I 1 recesses in the side regions of the support profile 12 side region of the support carriage 13 bottom of the support carriage

14 return flow rail

15 treads

16 scale of a position measuring system

17 Measuring transducer of the displacement measuring system 18 Circuitry

19 ^' panel

20 housing cover

21 connecting lines of the coil arrangement

22 Shielding layer of connecting cables 21 23 Connecting cables of the position measuring system

24 shielding layer of the connection lines 23

25 wiring bracket

26 Mounting rail 37 Phase wiring 42 Overhangs of the supporting profile a distance

X drive direction y transverse direction

Z supporting direction

RM magnetic grid

L gap gap

L magnet magnet length

Claims

claims

1. Sliding door with a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf (5), with a magnet array (1) arranged in the drive direction, the magnetization of which changes sign in its longitudinal direction at certain intervals, and one of a plurality of individual coils (2a, 2b, 2c ), Coil cores (3a, 3b, 3c) and a coil wiring (37) existing coil arrangement which, with appropriate control of the individual coils (2a, 2b, 2c) causes an interaction with the magnetic series (1), which causes feed forces, in the live parts an electromagnetic

Shaft, fields and / or radiation shielding housing (14, 20) have.

2. Sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (14, 20), the coil cores (3a, 3b, 3c) receives.

3. Sliding door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the enclosure (14, 20) consists of an electrically conductive material.

4. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (14, 20) is a metal foil, a metal sheet, a metal mesh, a metallic or metallic coated

Braid, a metal profile and / or a metallically coated material.

5. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enclosure (14, 20) forms a complete or almost complete enclosure of the coil assembly.

6. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the enclosure (14, 20) has openings and more than 70% of the live parts of the coil assembly enveloped.

7. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enclosure (14, 20) is composed of at least two different types of components.

8. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (14, 20) is grounded.

9. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (14, 20) against the coils (2) and the coil wiring (37) is electrically isolated.

10. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that connection lines (21), connector and / or terminals of the coil assembly with an electromagnetic waves, fields or radiation shielding layer (22) are enveloped.

11. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrical lines (23) of one or more displacement sensors (17) outside the enclosure (14, 20) are guided and / or its own separate shield (24) aufwei- sen.

12. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (14, 20) forms a mechanical housing, which provides a mechanical protection of the coil assembly.

13. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (14, 20) is a mechanical forms housing that provides electrical contact protection for the coil assembly.

14. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (14, 20) forms a housing which provides protection against the weather.

15. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enclosure (14, 20) forms an outwardly smooth and to be cleaned with liquid detergents housing.

16. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, character- ized in that the housing (14, 20) is equipped with a germ-killing, dirt-repellent and / or the nucleation inhibiting coating.

17. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enclosure (14, 20) is liquid-tight.

18. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a support carriage (4) which is movably suspended on a support profile (6) and on which the door leaf (5) can be fastened, and with the support carriage (4) connected roller assembly (7 , 8), which fulfills a supporting function with respect to the door leaf (5) and ensures a certain gap-shaped spacing (a) between the magnet row (1) and the coil cores (3).

19. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnet row (1) parallel to the supporting direction (z) and transversely to the drive direction (x) is magnetized.

20. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic row (1) of one or more High-performance magnets, preferably rare earth

High-performance magnet, more preferably of the type NeFeB or Sm ₂ Co exists.

21. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding door is designed as a curved sliding door or Hori- zontal sliding wall.