WO2006040099A1

WO2006040099A1 - Sliding door comprising a combined magnetic support and drive system provided with a row of magnets

Info

Publication number: WO2006040099A1
Application number: PCT/EP2005/010852
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sven Busch
Original assignee: Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg
Priority date: 2004-10-17
Filing date: 2005-10-08
Publication date: 2006-04-20

Abstract

The invention relates to a sliding door comprising a combined magnetic support and drive system for at least one door panel, provided with a permanently excited magnetic support device and a linear drive unit. The inventive support device comprises at least one polarised magnetised row of magnets (1, 1e, 1f) which alternate at determined distances in the direction of driving, at least one soft or hard magnetic support element (2) which is in dynamic effect with at least one of the at least one row of magnets (1, 1e, 1f), and a guide element (3). The guide element ensures a specific gap-like distance between the at least one row of magnets (1, 1e, 1f) and the support element (2a, 2b, 2d). The linear drive unit comprises at least one coil arrangement (7) made of several individual coils (7), said coil arrangement bringing about an interaction with the at least one row of soft or hard magnetic elements (1, 1e, 1f) during the corresponding control of the individual coils, which produce advance forces. The support element (2) comprises at least one support rail (2a-d, 2n, 14b) which is arranged with a first specific distance in relation to a first side of the at least one row of magnets (1, 1e, 1f). The coil arrangement (7) is arranged at a second specific distance in relation to a first side of the row of magnets (1, 1e, 1f) opposite to the second side of the row of magnets (1, 1e, 1f).

Description

Title: Sliding door with a combined magnetic support and drive system with a magnetic series

description

The invention relates to a sliding door with a combined magneti¬ cal support and drive system for at least one door, with a linear drive unit with at least one row of magnets and, where appropriate, with a magnetic support device, in particular for an automatically operated door. The term magnet series also includes elongated individual magnets. The magnet series can be arranged stationary or spatially variable.

A sliding door guide is known from DE 40 16 948 A1, in which interacting magnets under normal load effect a contact-free, floating guidance of a door leaf or the like held in a sliding guide, wherein a stand is arranged next to the stationary magnets of the sliding guide a linear motor is arranged, whose rotor is arranged on the sliding door. By virtue of the selected V-shaped arrangement of the permanent magnets of the permanently excited magnetic carrying device, which is not shown, it is not possible to realize a laterally stable guideway, which is why a relatively complicated arrangement and configuration of stator and rotor is required. This increases the cost of such a sliding door management enormously.

From WO 00/50719 A1 a combined storage and drive system for an automatically operated door is known, in which a permanently er¬ energetic magnetic support system is symmetrical and has stationary and movable magnet rows, which are each arranged in a plane, wherein the support system in an unstable equilibrium weight, and in which the support system has symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements which can be mounted in a roll-shaped manner. Because of the laterally stable guideway achieved in this way, a simple design and arrangement of the stator and rotor of a linear motor housed in a common housing, namely the possibility of being able to arbitrarily arrange the stator and rotor of the linear motor in relation to the support system, can be arranged the shape of stand and runner not be limited by the support system be¬.

What these two bearing systems have in common is that they work according to the principle of repulsive force action, which principle of action allows a stable levitation state without expensive electrical control devices. The disadvantage of this, however, is that both at least one stationary and at least one positionable magnet row must be present, ie, over the entire path of the sliding guide or the bearing of the automatically operated door and on the movable along this Füh¬ support carriage for the Door magnets must be arranged sen¬, whereby such a system, which is characterized by the absence of mechanical friction to carry the door by extreme ease and noiseless operation and is almost ver¬ wear and maintenance-free, very expensive to manufacture becomes.

From DE 196 18 518 C1 an electromagnetic drive system for magnetic levitation and support systems is further known, in which a stable levitation and support state is achieved by a suitable arrangement of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material. Hier¬ to offset the permanent magnet, the ferromagnetic material in the state Zu¬ a magnetic partial saturation. Electromagnets are arranged in such a way that the permanent magnets are replaced by a saturation change in the support rail are moved, and the coil cores are included in the permanent magnetic partial saturation, which leads to the floating and wearing state.

Furthermore, WO 94/13055 shows a stator drive for an electric linear drive and a door provided with such a stand, which is suspended by means of magnets in the lintel of a frame. For this purpose, a plurality of magnets or magnet groups are arranged on the door panel, de¬ ren magnetic field strength is so great that an attraction force to a guide plate is achieved, which is arranged on the underside of the door lintel an¬, wherein the attraction is sufficient to the weight to lift the door panel.

The two systems described in these documents have in common that an adjustment of the carrying properties influences the drive properties and vice versa. As a result, an adjustment and design is complicated and expensive, which leads to high production costs. Furthermore, the two systems described in these documents have in common that caking of the magnets on the ferromagnetic material is prevented by means of rollers, ie an air gap between the magnets and the ferromagnetic material is set by means of rollers. These roles must accommodate large forces in the selected arrangements, since the magnetic field strength can not be chosen so that only the respective magnetically suspended door is held, but due to safety regulations a certain additional load capacity must be present so that the door not unintentionally drops. Consequently, the roles must be interpreted in a similar way, as in purely roller-mounted sliding doors, which leads to a mechanical friction for adjusting the air gap is present. This lifts the extreme ease and noiseless operation of the after The repelling force principle working storage and leads to Ver¬ wear and maintenance.

It is therefore the object of the invention, a sliding door with a combined magnetic support and drive system with a linear drive unit with at least one row of magnets and possibly with a permanently excited magnetic support weiterzuent¬ wrap that the aforementioned advantages with low Herstellungskos ¬ ten persist.

This object is achieved with the features specified in claim 1, an alternative solution to this problem is given by the tentanspruch 2 in Pa¬ specified features. Advantageous Ausgestal¬ obligations of the subject matters of claims 1 and 2 are given in the dependent claims.

The sliding door according to the invention, with a combined magnetic support and drive system for at least one door leaf, comprises a magnetic support device which has at least one magnet array alternately magnetized in the drive direction at certain intervals, at least one in attractive force with at least one of the at least one magnet row soft or hard magnetic support member and a guide member which ensures a certain gap-shaped distance between the at least one row of magnets and the support member, and a linear drive unit having at least one consisting of a plurality of individual coils Spulenanord¬ tion, the corresponding control of the individual coils a Interaction with the at least one row of magnets causes the Vor¬ thrust forces. The sliding door according to the invention has the advantage over the described prior art that the Support element does not necessarily have to be hard magnetic due to the exploited attractive force. Further, since a Führungsele¬ ment is provided which ensures a distance between the at least one row of magnets and the support element, despite the use of an unstable state of equilibrium, no electrical or electronic control device to be provided. In addition, by using the at least one row of magnets both for carrying and for driving, the production costs are lowered and the required installation space is reduced.

The alternative embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention with ei¬ nem magnetic support and drive system for at least one Tür¬ wing comprises a linear drive unit, the two arranged in the drive direction rows of magnets whose magnetization in its longitudinal direction at certain intervals change the sign and one from mehre¬ ren single coils existing ange¬ arranged between the two rows of magnets coil assembly which acts with appropriate control of the individual coils an interaction with the two rows of magnets be¬ causes the feed forces and a support device, the two in attracting force, each with one of the two rows of magnets On a respective side facing away from the coil arrangement of the respective magnet row arranged support rails and a Führungsele¬ element, which has a respective particular gap-shaped distance between a respective magnet row and with this in attractive K ensures that the frame rail is stationary.

In the combined magnetic support and drive system used according to the invention, the support element in both embodiments has at least one support rail which is arranged at a first specific distance to a first side of the at least one magnet row is, wherein the coil assembly is arranged at a second predetermined distance to one of the first side of the magnetic series opposite second of the magnetic series. Such a separate allocation of the two main functions of the two main functions "generate feed" and "magnetically store" to the opposing pole faces of Mag¬ nete the magnet series effected despite an integration of these functions in the one magnetic series a substantial separation of functions, the optimization of the System parameter of these main functions.

Furthermore, a compensation of transverse forces can take place in that the supporting profiles and / or coil cores or pole shoes of the individual coils, the coil arrangement or the air gaps are designed so that the resulting magnetic transverse forces acting on the magnets of the magnet series are as small as possible or cancel each other out. By arranging the drive coils of the coil arrangement on one side of the at least one permanent magnet row and the preferably soft magnetic support element on the other side of the at least one continuous row row, the support profile can further perform the tasks of magnetic closure of the coil magnetic fields as well as the generation of bearing forces , the weight of the load, z. B. a door leaf, partially or voll¬ constantly record, take over. In a partial recording of Ge weight of the load by the support member, the residual load z. B. of the coil cores or pole pieces of the individual coils of the Spulenanord¬ voltage of the linear drive unit or by a further magnetic mechanical support means are worn.

Finally, the sliding door of the alternative design according to the invention has the advantage over the prior art that the support element does not necessarily have to be hard-magnetic due to the utilized attractive force effect. ne guide element due to the arrangement of the coil assembly zwi¬ rule two rows of magnets and a respective support rail on the side facing away from the coil assembly of a respective row of magnets by a thereby in principle adjusting self-centering does not have to absorb large forces te. The transverse forces which arise between the pole faces of the rows of magnets and the sides of the mounting rails opposite them thus counteract each other and almost cancel each other out at a favorable design. As a result, according to these preferred embodiments of the invention, a particularly simple and uncomplicated design of the guide element is made possible, since this element has to absorb almost no transverse forces in order to ensure the distance between the magnet row and the support element. For this reason, according to the invention, in a bearing operating on the attractive force principle, there is a very good smoothness and noiseless operation, whereby due to the inserted guide element, which ensures the particular gap-like distance between the two magnet rows and the coil arrangement as well as the mounting rails , despite the fact that an unstable state of equilibrium is utilized, no electrical or electronic control device needs to be provided. A gap-like distance in the sense of this invention is a distance between two parallel or slightly inclined surfaces. Here, in particular, between a pole face of one of the at least one magnet row and one of the faces of the support element and / or the coil arrangement arranged opposite one another essentially in parallel thereto.

In the combined magnetic support and drive system used according to the invention, preferably the at least one row of magnets is magnetized transversely to the direction of support and to the drive direction in which an element carried by the support means, e.g. B. a sliding door element, can be moved. In this preferred arrangement of Magne¬ tation of at least one row of magnets transversely to the supporting direction, a particularly simple structural design of the Führungs¬ element results, since this can be planned and executed in this case, regardless of a force that must be generated by the support device, to keep the carried element in a floating state. Furthermore, a simple design of the linear drive unit is possible since it can also be planned and executed independently of the force to be generated by the support device.

According to the invention, the at least one row of magnets preferably consists of individual permanent magnets, since costs can be saved by lining up individual smaller magnets in the procurement of material and thus in the production process of the carrying device according to the invention. Furthermore, due to this design, it is easier to compensate for tolerances and to make better use of magnetic properties. Instead of a series of magnets, a single magnet can be used, whereby the relatively difficult mounting of the plurality of individual magnets is eliminated.

Preferably, the distance between the magnet array and the support element is kept as small as possible.

According to the invention, the at least one support element used in the magnetic support device according to the invention is preferably stationary and the at least one row of magnets is arranged to be movable, ie in the case of a sliding door it is suspended from the at least one row of magnets, whereas the at least one support is suspended ¬ ment forms a guide for the door element or the door elements of a multi-leaf sliding door. Of course, the design of the at least one supporting element movable and the at least one row of magnets stationary, as well as a combination of these two Va¬ variants possible. The coil arrangement of the linear drive unit is of course always fixed together with the support element of the support device or arranged to be movable.

The at least one support element is preferably soft magnetic according to the invention, whereby particularly low costs are achieved with respect to this element.

Alternatively or additionally, according to the invention, preferably the Türflü¬ gel is preferably attached to a multi-part support carriage, whose individual parts can be adjusted against each other, so as to adjust a game of the sliding door. Such a multi-part support slide, which is preferably used according to the invention, offers the advantage of simple adaptation of the suspension of the door leaf and at the same time the setting of the specific distance between the two manet rows and the support rails or the coil arrangement rigidly attached thereto.

The sliding door according to the invention preferably comprises a vertical height adjustment device by means of which the mounting rails are height-adjustable in the direction of support. This vertical height adjustment device according to the invention implements a load-bearing adjustment in order to allow a slight adaptation of the carrying device according to the invention to different loads, ie to differently heavy door leaves of the sliding door according to the invention. By virtue of this feature, the carrying devices of the sliding doors according to the invention can be produced in series without differences in the actual use without any differences, ie without adjustment to the weight to be carried later during manufacture. Alternatively or additionally, the carrier rails and / or coil cores of the coil arrangement according to the invention are preferably made of sheets coated on top of one another. Such laminated carrier rails and / or coil cores have the advantage over the prior art that a power loss generated by eddy currents is reduced or minimized, since the propagation of the eddy currents is reduced. By virtue of this reduction of the propagation of the eddy currents, which is preferably carried out according to the invention, the magnetic bearing and / or feed properties are not disturbed, but the power loss of the drive is considerably reduced.

The guide element according to the invention preferably comprises rollers, rolling and / or sliding body. In this preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention, the guide element further preferably comprises at least one running rail on which rollers, rolling elements and / or sliding bodies run, wherein the at least one running rail and / or the rollers, rolling elements and / or sliding bodies are even more preferably made of plastic. By these refinements, the smoothness of the sliding door can be improved and maintenance of the guide element can be reduced to a minimum, since with a corresponding adaptation of the two mutually acting elements of the guide element noise and wear can be minimized. According to the invention, the at least one row of magnets preferably consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably high-performance rare-earth magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (Sm ₂ Co) or plastic-bonded magnet materials , The use of such high-performance magnets makes it possible to generate substantially higher force densities than with ferrite magnets because of the higher remanence induction. Accordingly, the magnet system can be used with high load capacity for a given load capacity. power magnets geometrically small and thus save space. The higher material costs of the high-performance magnets compared with ferrite magnets are at least compensated by the comparatively small magnet volume.

In the case of the linear drive unit used in accordance with the invention, a grid of the individual coils of the coil arrangement is preferably designed differently from the determined distances of the alternating polarization of the at least one magnet row. As a result, a particularly simple start-up of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention from standstill and the possibility of a particularly uniform movement is made possible; So-called Kippbe¬ movements of the wings are avoided.

The combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention is used for carrying at least one door leaf of a sliding door, which is preferably designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall. In addition to this insert, it can also be used to carry gate leaves or in feeders, handling equipment or transport systems.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments Ausfüh¬.

Showing:

FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device used according to the invention in various load states; FIG. 2 shows the load capacity curve of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 shows the transverse force profile of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1,

4 shows sectional views of top views of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in two preferred arrangements, FIG.

FIG. 5: sectional views of plan views of a first embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and the invention

Drive system with a permanently excited magnetic support device according to its first preferred embodiment,

FIG. 6 shows electrical connections of the coils of the linear drive unit of the combined magnetic support and drive systems shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 shows a diagram for explaining a first possibility of the voltage profile at the coils of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention as shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a diagram for explaining a second possibility of the voltage curve at the coils of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention as shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 shows a diagram for explaining a third possibility of the voltage profile at the coils of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic carrier and according to the invention as shown in FIG

Drive system,

FIG. 10 shows a sectional representation of a top view of a second embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and the invention

11 shows a cross section of a first embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the inventive combined magnetic support and drive system shown in FIG. 5 with a permanently excited magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment thereof, FIG.

FIG. 12 shows a cross-section of a third embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention, with one embodiment permanently excited magnetic support device according to its first preferred embodiment,

13 shows a cross section of a first embodiment of a second preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention with a permanently excited magnetic support device in a second preferred embodiment, FIG.

FIG. 14 shows a cross section of a second embodiment of the second preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention with a permanently excited magnetic support device according to its second preferred embodiment,

FIG. 15 shows a third embodiment of the second preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention with a permanently excited magnetic support device according to its second preferred embodiment,

16 shows a cross section of a first embodiment of a third preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention with a permanently excited magnetic support device in a third preferred embodiment, FIG.

FIG. 17 shows a cross section of a second embodiment of the third preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention, with a ner permanently excited magnetic support ge according to the third preferred embodiment,

FIG. 18 shows a cross section of a sliding door according to a first development of the preferred embodiment according to the invention, and

FIG. 19 shows a cross section of a sliding door according to a second embodiment of the preferred embodiment according to the invention.

1 shows a schematic representation of a first preferred embodiment of the magnetic Trag¬ used in the invention device in cross section. For explanation, a coordinate system is drawn in, in which the x-direction running perpendicular to the plane of the paper represents a direction of travel of a door leaf 5 suspended from the carrying device used according to the invention. The direction of the transverse forces acting on the magnetic support means is the y-direction and the downward vertical magnetic deflection due to the weight of the suspended door leaf 5 is indicated in the z-direction.

In a first arrangement, a magnetic row 1 fastened to a support carriage 4 is centered in the horizontal direction between a soft-magnetic support rail 2, which supports the support element, by means of a mechanical guide element 3 provided on the support carriage 4, which cooperates with a housing 6 of the support device 2, and Spulen¬ cores 12 of individual coils 7 of the linear drive unit whose coils are not shown for simplicity, forcibly guided, while it is freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5. In a second arrangement, the magnetic row 1 fastened to the support carriage 4 is replaced by the mechanical guide provided on the support carriage 4. tion element 3, which cooperates with the housing 6 of the support device, centered in the horizontal direction between soft magnetic support rails 2a, 2b, which form the support member 2, forcibly guided, while they in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel (x) of the door 5 free is displaceable. As a result of the position thus forced, the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the y direction can preferably be adjusted in two arrangement variants (eg via gap widths between the magnet row 1 and the support rail 2 or the Spool cores 12 and / or their material) that they largely cancel. In the vertical direction (z-direction), the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d assume a symmetrical position only in the load-free state, ie without load fastened to the support carriage 4, as shown in FIG. 1a).

When loading the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d with the weight F ₉ , z. B. by the attached to the support carriage 4 door 5, they are moved in the vertical direction from the symmetrical position shown in Figure 1a) via an intermediate state shown in Figure 1b) in an equilibrium position shown in Figure 1c), by the weight to be supported ¬ force F ₉ and a magnetic restoring force between the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d of the magnet array 1 and the support rails 2a, 2b of Tragele¬ mentes 2, hereinafter also referred to as a load F (z) is determined. The cause of this restoring force are the magnetic forces of attraction acting between the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d of the magnet array 1 and the mounting rails 2a, 2b, only the part of the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d which is located between the mounting rails 2a 2b emerges downwards, to which this magnetic carrying capacity contributes. Since this part increases with increasing vertical deflection, the magnetic load capacity continuously increases with the deflection in accordance with the contract. FIG. 2 shows the dependence between the vertical deflection of the magnet row 1 and the magnetic load capacity in a characteristic curve, ie the load capacity curve of the support device according to the embodiment shown in FIG. On the abscissa is the vertical deflection z down, z. In mm, and on the ordinate the corresponding generated magnetic load F (z), e.g. In Newton. The course of the load-bearing characteristic curve is characterized by an upper and a lower break-off point, which are respectively achieved when the magnets completely emerge upwards or downwards between the carrier rails, as is shown in the case below in FIG. 1e). If this critical deflection is exceeded due to the force, the restoring forces are weakened by the increasing distance to the mounting rails 2a, 2b, whereby in these areas no stable equilibrium state between the load capacity F (z) and the weight force F caused by the load ₉ can be achieved.

In practice, such a tearing off of the carrying force F (z) by the weight force F _{9 of} the door leaf mass can be reliably prevented by a mechanical limitation of the possible deflection of the magnet row 1, as shown by way of example in FIG. 1 d). Here, the support rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and the support rails 2a, 2b receiving and a horizontal guide for the guide element 3 bidding housing 6 simultaneously comprises two at its lower ends an¬ ordered projections 6a, 6b, which is a mechanical limitation of the possible Deflection of the support carriage 4 and thus the rigidly attached to this magnet row 1 in the z direction.

Between the upper break-off point and the lower break-off point, the load-bearing characteristic curve runs almost linearly, wherein in the case of a positive deflection of the magnet row 1, ie a deflection downwards, the load-bearing characteristic is determined by the Carrying carriage 4 fixed door 5 is carried out, from the origin of the coordinate system between vertical deflection z of the magnetic series 1 and magnetic load F (z) to the lower breakpoint on the load capacity curve operating points are passed with a negative slope, in which a respective stable position of the magnet array 1 zwi¬ tween the support rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and the Trag¬ rails 2a, 2b, due to the Ge acting on the magnetic series 1 Ge weight force F ₉ and the same amount, in the opposite direction wir¬ kende magnetic load F (z) can adjust.

With strict magnetic symmetry between the magnetic row 1 and the support rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and the support rails 2a, 2b of the described magnetic support device, which depends both on the arrangement of the support means and the linear drive unit and the mechanical guide element 3, stand out the horizontal magnetic force components in the transverse direction, ie in the y direction, fully open. If the magnetic series 1 leaves this exact position due to tolerances, a transverse force F (y) acting on the magnet row arises due to different degrees of attraction to the support rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 or the two support rails 2a, 2b.

FIG. 3 shows, for a gap width of -1 mm to +1 mm, a transverse force profile F (y) as a function of a lateral displacement y of the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, which has a positive slope over the entire course Has. This means that over the entire transverse force characteristic, ie also in the zero point of the coordinate system, which corresponds to the "magnetic center position" of the magnetic row 1 between the support rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and between the support rails 2a, 2b, there is an unstable balance of forces. In all other points of the coordinate system there is a resulting transverse force F (y). Since there is only an unstable equilibrium of forces in the "magnetic center position", the guide element 3 must provide a precise mechanical position which exactly aligns the magnet row 1 during the travel movement of the magnetic row 1 in the direction of movement, ie in the x direction, between the mounting rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and the support rails 2a, 2b leads. The more precisely this centering can be realized, the lower the resulting transverse force F (y) and associated friction forces of the mechanical bearing.

To optimize the wearing properties, the magnet width, i. H. the dimensions of the magnetic row 1 or of their individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the y-direction, be as large as possible, because a large magnet width causes a large field strength, which leads to large load capacities. The height of the magnet, that is to say the dimensions of the magnet row or of its individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the z direction, should be as small as possible, because small magnet heights increase the rigidity of the load field by bundling the field.

The height of the support rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and the support rails 2a, 2b should be as small as possible, a Tragschienen¬ height is less 1/2 of the magnetic height, because the field lines of the permanent magnets are bundled and thereby the rigidity of the magnetic support - systemes increased.

The arrangement should be chosen so that the soft magnetic support rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and the support rails 2a, 2b in the equilibrium state, in which the magnetic restoring force F (z) be¬ same load caused by loading the magnetic series 1 with the door leaf 5 weight force F ₉ is vertically asymmetrical about the magnetic row 1, and the magnetic row 1 should be as continuous as possible be to avoid cogging forces in the direction of movement, ie in the x-direction, to avoid.

FIGS. 4a and 4b show sectional views of plan views of the carrying device according to the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1a along a section line AA. It can be seen that the magnet row 1 consists of individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d which, with alternating magnetizing direction, are arranged between the laterally arranged support rail 2 and the magnet cores 12 and the laterally arranged support rails 2a, 2b are, which consist of a weichmagneti¬'s material, for. B. of iron material. In this embodiment, in which the mounting rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and the mounting rails 2a, 2b form the fixed part of the carrying device used in accordance with the invention, the individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d are formed on the magnet array 1 to form the magnet array 1 movable support carriage 4 befes¬ and can be moved between the rails in the x and z directions. In a vertical displacement, ie a displacement in the z direction to a small path, about 3-5 mm, from the zero position, ie the geometric symmetry position, resulting from the use of extremely strong permanent magnets, z. B. NeFeB, a considerable restoring force, which is suitable for carrying a sliding door leaf 5 with a weight of about 80 kg / m. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 4, in which the permanent magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d are arranged with alternating direction of magnetization between the support rail 2 and the magnetic cores 12 and the two support rails 2a, 2b, respectively, the connection is effected the support rail 2 or the support rails 2a, 2b in mutually positive magnetization direction of the juxtaposed magnets positively reinforcing from. FIGS. 5a and 5b each show two drive segments of a first embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention in a sectional plan view, in which the magnetic linear drive used in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. the magnet rows 1e, 1f acts, which is fastened to a support carriage 4, not shown. In Figure 5a, the magnetic series 1 alternately polarized individual magnets. In addition to the magnet row 1, coils 7 are arranged such that a respective coil core 12 extends in the transverse direction, ie y-direction. In FIG. 5b, the two magnet rows 1e, 1f each have alternately polarized individual magnets, the polarities of the individual magnets offset in the transverse direction being at ¬ the magnet rows are rectified. Coils 7 are arranged between the magnet rows 1e, 1f such that a respective coil core 12 extends in the transverse direction, ie y-direction. On the side facing away from the coils 7 with Spu¬ lenkernen 12 side of the magnetic row 1 is in each case a side region of the support rail 2d.

In order to ensure a continuous feed of the magnetic row 1, the stator coils 7 are arranged with their respective coil cores 12 in different relative positions relative to the grid of the permanent magnets. The more different relative positions are formed, the more uniform the thrust force can be realized over the travel. On the other hand, since each relative position of an electrical phase of a required for the linear drive AnSteuersystemes is assigned, as little electrical phases should be used. Because of the available three-phase three-phase network, a three-phase system, as shown by way of example in FIG. 6, can be constructed at very low cost. In this case, a respective drive segment and thus a spool model of the linear drive unit consists of three spools 7a, 7b, 7c which have an extension of three length units in the drive direction, ie x-direction, ie between the centers of adjacent spool 12 is a raster Rs = 1 unit of length. The length of a magnet of the magnetic row 1 in the drive direction and the length of the gap lying between the individual magnets of the magnetic row 1 is here chosen such that the length of a magnet LMagnet ⁺ length of a gap L _Lü c _ke = Mag¬ netraster RM = 3/4 unit length (= 3/4 R _s ).

FIG. 6 shows the interconnection of the coils of the two drive segments shown in FIG. 5 of the linear drive unit preferably used in accordance with the invention. Here, a first coil 7a is connected to a first magnetic core 12a between a first phase and a second phase of a three-phase three-phase system whose three phases are uniformly distributed, ie the second phase is at 120 ° and a third phase is at 240 °, when the first phase is at 0 °. A positive drive direction, i. + x-direction, next to the first coil 7a with magnetic core 12a lying second coil 7b with magnetic core 12b of a drive segment of the linear drive unit is connected between the second phase and the third phase and one in the positive drive direction, i. + x-direction next to the second coil 7b with magnetic core 12b lying third coil 7c with magnetic core 12c is connected between the third phase and the first phase. In addition to such a drive segment of the linear drive unit, lying drive segments of the linear drive unit are connected in the same way to the three phases of the three-phase system.

Assigning the phase angle formed by the permanent magnets Polraster, analogous to the arrangement in a two-pole DC motor, Thus, the linear coil arrangements can be imaged in a circular phase diagram. Since this can be interpreted both magnetically as a driving effect on the permanent magnets and electrically as a control of the coils, the relationship between switching states and driving effect can be uniformly described by this diagram.

Such a circular phase diagram with drawn coils is shown in FIG. Here, on the ordinate, the electric potential is given in V and on the abscissa the magnetic potential. A circle around the origin of this coordinate system, which represents a zero potential for both the electrical potential and the magnetic potential, represents the phase positions of the voltage applied to the respective coils, a 0 ° phase position at the intersection of the Given the circle with the positive ordinate and the phase in Ge counterclockwise to a 90 ° phase position in the intersection of Krei¬ ses with the negative abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of Süd¬ pole, a 180 ° -phase position in the Intersection of the circle with the negative ordinate, which represents the minimum voltage potential, a 270 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the positive abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the north pole, to a 360 ° phase position, which is equal to 0 ° -Phase position is, in the Schnitt¬ point of the circle with the positive ordinate, which represents the maximum voltage Spann¬ potential changes.

As shown in Fig. 6, there is a relationship in which the first coil 7a having the magnetic core 12a between a 0 ° -phase position and a 120 ° -phase position, the second coil 7b with magnetic core 12b between a 120 ° -phase position and a 240 ° Phase position and the third coil 7c with magnetic core 12c between a 240 ^c phase position and a 360 ° Phasing lie. In three-phase operation, the hands of these coils now rotate in the counterclockwise direction in accordance with the alternating frequency of the three-phase current, whereby in each case one of the electrical potential difference between the initial and end points of the pointer projected onto the ordinate is applied to the coil.

In the case of the magnetic interpretation of the phase diagram, a phase throughput of 180 ° corresponds to a displacement of the rotor by the distance between the centers of two adjacent magnets, that is to say the magnetic grid RM. As a result of the alternating polarization of the magnet in the rotor, a pole change is carried out when the magnet grid RM is displaced. After a 360 ° phase pass, the rotor displacement is two RM. Here, the magnets are relative to the grid R _{s of} the stator again in the starting position, comparable to a 360 ° rotation of the rotor of a two-pole Gleichstrommo¬ sector.

For the electrical interpretation of the phase diagram, the ordinate is considered, on which the applied electrical voltage potential is shown. At 0 °, the maximum potential, at 180 °, the minimum potential and at 90 ° or 270 °, an average voltage potential. As mentioned above, the coils are represented in the diagram by arrows whose start and end points represent the contacts. The respective applied coil voltage can be read off by projection of start and end point of the arrows on the potential axis. The arrow direction determines the current direction and thereby the magnetization direction of the coil.

Instead of a continuous sinusoidal voltage source, which has a phase diagram according to FIG a controller with a rectangular characteristic can be used. In a corresponding phase diagram, which is shown in FIG. 8, the rectangular characteristic is represented by switching thresholds. In this case, the phase connections can each assume the three states plus potential, minus potential and potential-free. The plus potential z. B. in a range between 300 ° and 60 ° and the negative potential in a range of 120 ° to 240 ° and the ranges between 60 ° and 120 ° and 240 ° and 300 ° represent the potential-free state in which the coils are not are connected. In the case of square-wave voltage control, the more uneven thrust in comparison with the sinusoidal control is disadvantageous.

Of course, a large number of further coil configurations and potential distributions can still be constructed, for 9, in which a minimum potential of 0 V in a range between 105 ° and 255 °, a maximum potential of 24 V in a range of 285 ° to 75 ° and potential-free ranges of 75 ° to 105 ° and from 255 ° to 285 °.

Furthermore, FIG. 10 shows two drive segments of a second embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention in a sectional plan view, in which the magnetic linear drive used according to the invention has a three-phase coil arrangement, wherein a magnetic row 1 between the Support rail 2 and a Polschuhleiste 13a is located, each connecting all lying on one side of the magnetic row 1 pole pieces 13b of coils of the linear drive unit. The pole shoes 13b run here from the end faces of the coil cores 12 of the coils 7 extending in the drive direction, ie, the x direction, to the pole shoe 13a in order to ensure a better magnetic field connection. The Coils arranged on one pole side of the individual magnets of the magnet array 1 are connected symmetrically in the same way as in the embodiment described above. In this embodiment, the magnetic grid RM = 3/2 of the coil grid Rs is selected. As a result of these features, the characteristic features are that each coil bridges a phase angle of 120 ° and that after 360 ° (one revolution = 2 RM) all three coils of a drive segment of the linear drive unit are passed above embodiment - a drive segment consists of one of the electrical phases corresponding number of jointly driven coils or pairs of coils.

The phase diagram of this arrangement corresponds to that of the previously described arrangement in which the coils represented by arrows in the phase diagram form a triangle, the corners of this triangle representing respectively the phases of the control. Here, the corners of the triangle in a rotation through 360 °, which corresponds to a translational movement of the rotor by three coil grids, pass through three voltage potentials: plus, minus and potential-free, if the square-wave control shown in FIG. 8 is selected. Since each coil bridges a phase angle of 120 °, the potential of one phase is changed by a rotation of 60 ° and one of the three phases is always potential-free. If the phase potential is entered in a table as a function of the number of 60 ° rotation steps, the following phase control diagram results:

0 ° 60 ° 120 ° 180 ° 240 ° 300

Phase 1 + 0 - - 0 +

Phase 2 0 + + 0 - -

Phase 3 0 + + 0 By a shift of the switching threshold to a negative potential between 105 ° and 255 °, a plus potential between 285 ° and 75 ° and floating states between 75 ° and 105 ° and 255 ° and 285 °, ähn¬ lich the state shown in Figure 9 leaves to realize a control with a step size of 30 °. In this case, two phases can have the same potential, so that no voltage difference is applied to the associated coil and no current flows. In each second 30 ° step, one phase is potential-free. The corresponding 30 ° phase control diagram with 12 control steps results as follows:

0 ° 30 ° 60 ° 90 ° 120 ° 150 ° 180 ° 210 ° 240 ° 270 ° 300 ° 330 °

Phase 1 + + 0 0 + + +

Phase 2 0 + + + + + 0 Phase 3 - - - - 0 + + + + + 0 -

In order to optimize the feed properties, the magnet width, ie the dimensions of the magnet row 1 or of its individual magnet in the y direction, should be as small as possible, because the permanent magnets have a damping effect on the magnetic circuit of the coils. The height of the magnet, that is to say the dimensions of the magnet row (s) or of their individual magnets in the z direction, should be as large as possible, because a large magnet height leads to a large air gap area, which helps reduce the magnetic resistance of the coil circle. At the same time, a large amount of magnetic material is introduced into the magnetic coil circuit without producing too large field strengths that saturate the magnetic circuit. The height of the pole shoes and / or coil cores 12 should be as large as possible, so that the pole shoes or coil cores 12 with the magnets reach as large an overlap as possible, so that a large air gap surface with high effective force and small magnetic resistance results. The arrangement of this soft magnetic components should achieve the greatest possible vertical overlap between coil cores and pole shoes.

Horizontal is preferably a division into separate magnetically separate systems, i. one side of the magnet row (s) serves (predominantly) the support function, while the other side (predominantly) serves the propulsion function, since a feed in the plane of motion causes time-dependent and spatially dependent field strengths and directions (magnetic traveling wave) and Magnetic connections of the coil cores or PoI- shoes with each other to magnetic (short) final and Leistungs¬ losses lead.

Due to the separation according to the invention of the permanent-magnetic support system and the electromagnetic linear drive into two individual systems, the best magnetic properties of the support, guide and feed parameters can be selected.

In the following, further exemplary embodiments of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention with a permanently excited magnetic support device and a linear drive unit are shown, with a sliding door drive being described by way of example.

Here, the sliding door drive consists of at least one magnetic support, guide or relief device that carries the door wing weight in whole or in part. The magnetic support means consists of at least one, but preferably one or more rows of permanent magnets which are either connected to the stationary part, the Statorge¬ housing, or the movable part, the Antriebstragschlitten, and are aligned in the horizontal direction transverse to the direction of travel. The magnetic support device further consists of one or more support profiles or support elements, which are each mounted opposite the magnets on the other part of the drive and form a vertically aligned narrow air gap to a lateral pole face of the permanent magnets, so that with increasing weight-force induced deflection increases the magnetic Tragkraft is caused, as previously described be¬. The support profiles / rails 2 or support elements vor¬ preferably made of soft magnetic materials.

Furthermore, the sliding door drive consists of at least one electro-magnetically acting linear drive unit, which consists of the electromagnetic coils and whose axis or field effect is preferably oriented horizontally. Furthermore, the arrangement is designed so that the magnetic fields generated by the coils are ge by soft magnetic components such as coil cores, pole pieces or profiles ge passes, which are also mounted in each case against the magnets on the other part of the drive and to the other lateral pole face of the permanent magnet form a vertically aligned narrow air gap, and must emerge from the soft magnetic components at least one point to close the magnetic circuit. As described, at least part of the multiply polarized or several permanent magnets of the magnetic support device are in a row in this gap-shaped exit region. These are arranged so that a usable propulsive force effect is achieved by the magnetic fields generated by the coils on the permanent magnets.

The air gaps between permanent magnets and coil cores, pole shoes or support elements are characterized by the following properties: - The air gaps are located laterally of the permanent magnets, between the magnetic pole faces and soft magnetic elements such as Spulker¬ NEN, pole pieces, Flussleitstücken, and mounting rails;

there is at least one air gap for each of the two magnet sides or pole faces;

- The transverse forces acting on both pole faces of a magnet act against each other and cancel each other out at a favorable design.

The carrying device can have at least one mechanical guide element 3, which ensures the lateral distance between the magnets and the soft-magnetic support bodies over the travel path. This guide element may consist of rollers, rolling or sliding bodies.

There are at least one series of magnets, one side of which predominantly serves the propulsion and the other side predominantly the magnetic bearing and unloading function.

11 shows a cross section of the first embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention, which has an asymmetrical arrangement in which the support rail 2 is arranged on one side of the alternately polarized magnet row 1 and the first was true gap-like distance between the stationary in a housing 6 held support rail 2 and attached to the support carriage 4 Magnet series 1 by means fixed to the supporting carriage 4 RoI- (arrangements) 3 is defined, the rail above and below the Trag¬ 2 on an inner side Run 6a of the principally U-shaped housing 6, on / in which the support rail 2 is arranged. At the Rail 2 side facing away from the magnetic row 1, the stationary connected to the housing 6 linear drive unit is arranged, which has the coils 7 and the coil cores 12, wherein between the Magnet¬ row 1 and the respective coil core 12 of the second certain gap-shaped distance over another roller 3 is defined which runs against a side wall 6e of the housing 6, to which the coil arrangement 7, 12 of the linear drive is attached. On the side facing away from the magnet array 1 side of the respective coil cores 12, a soft magnetic rail 9 is arranged on the side wall 6e to ensure a better magnetic field closure.

FIG. 12 shows a third modification of the first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support and drive system combined according to the invention, in which the support rail 2 and the soft-magnetic rail 9 of the first embodiment of this first preferred embodiment are characterized by a basically U-shaped support profile 2n, which runs along a bottom surface 6c and the two side surfaces 6d, 6e of the basically U-shaped housing, wherein the entire side facing away from the magnet array 1 side of the coil assembly of the linear drive unit is covered and one of the magnetic series 1 directly gegenüber¬ lying side region of the supporting profile 2n to the magnet row 1 is set ver¬ sets. Furthermore, the guide element 3 consists here merely of two roller arrangements arranged in the direction of the support below the magnet row 1, each of which runs against one of the two side surfaces 6d, 6e of the basically U-shaped housing 6.

FIG. 13 shows a first embodiment of a second preferred embodiment

Embodiment of the combined support and invention

Drive system, which has a symmetrical arrangement. The symmetrical arrangement has the advantages of a better and easier one Compensation of the transverse forces and a better bending and connection stiffness of the support carriage 4 with respect to the asymmetrical arrangement. The first embodiment of the second preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 13 is basically similar to the first embodiment of the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 11, wherein here two magnet rows 1e, 1f are arranged on the support carriage 4, between which the ones on the inner bottom portion 6c of the basically U-shaped housing 6 fixed linear drive unit with coils 7 and coil cores 12 is arranged. Next is not only arranged on a side region of the U-shaped housing mounting rail, son¬ countries each one arranged on both side portions 6 d, 6 e of the U-shaped housing 6 support rail 2 a, 2 b present, each of which the Spu¬ steering cores 12 of the linear -Antriebseinheit facing away sides of the Magnet¬ rows 1e, 1f with the first predetermined gap-shaped distance. This is similar to that shown in Figure 12 second Ausges¬ development of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention combined magnetic support and drive system lenellenordnungen defined by two Rol¬ 3, each seen in the support direction below the rows of magnets 1e, 1f and against one of the sides 6d, 6e of the U-shaped housing run. The second specific gap-shaped distance between the coil cores 12 of the coils 7 of the linear drive unit is defined by the distance between the two rows of magnets 1e, 1f and the extent of the coil cores 12, which are arranged between the two magnet rows 1e, 1f. The support carriage 4 is U-shaped.

FIG. 14 shows a second embodiment of the second preferred embodiment

Embodiment of the combined magnetic according to the invention

Supporting and drive system, in which, compared to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 13, this second preferred embodiment form the two support rails 2c, 2d are replaced by a basically U-shaped support section 2d, whereby a simpler attachment of Trag¬ element, so here the support section 2d, and a better torsional stiffness and a better magnetic field is achieved. Otherwise, the construction is identical to FIG.

FIG. 15 shows a third embodiment of the second preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention, which is modified compared to the second embodiment of this second preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 14 in that the in principle U-shaped support rail 2d is bent inward Ends 10a of side portions 10b, which are thus directed to the magnet rows 1e, 1f out. As a result, an even better magnetic field closure and even better torsional stiffness and adjustability of the magnetic load capacity is achieved. The present in this embodiment guide element, which may consist of arrangements of rollers, rolling or sliding bodies, as in the above and following embodiments, is not shown here.

FIG. 16 shows a cross-section of a first embodiment of a third preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention, in which, as in its second embodiment, two parallel rows of permanent magnets 1e, 1f are fastened to the support carriage 4, wherein between them a support rail portion 14b of a mounting rail profile 14a is located, which holds at the respective sides of the Mag¬ netreihen 1e, 1f coil arrangements of the linear drive unit facing away from this support rail area, the coil cores 12 perpendicular to a direction of travel and the Tragrich¬ direction, ie in the y direction, extend. The mounting rail profile 14a hereby forms the housing 6. The guide element here consists of a Roller assembly 3, the roles of which are arranged on the support rail area 14b in Trag¬ direction below the support area and run against a groove 11 of the support section 4, which is located between the two pa¬ rallelen magnet rows 1e, 1f. The side areas of the basically m-shaped mounting rail 14a extend over the coil arrangements of the linear drive unit, so that a better magnetic field closure is ensured.

FIG. 17 shows a cross-section of a second embodiment of this third preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention, in which the coil cores 12 extend in the direction of travel, in contrast to the first embodiment of this embodiment shown in FIG. ie in X direction. So that the second specific gap-shaped spacing between the coil arrangements and the respective magnet rows lying opposite to each other can be ensured, they are also already shown in FIG. 10 and are provided in connection therewith with pole shoes 13b. The guide element 3 consists here of a instead of the roller assembly of the first embodiment of the third preferred embodiment arranged Gleitkörperanordnung. The mounting rail 2p also has the mounting rail area 14b between the magnet rows 1e-1f.

FIG. 18 shows a cross-section of a first development of a carrying and driving device of a sliding door according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention.

A basically U-shaped housing 6 has not only a bottom 16 and two perpendicular thereto side portions 17, wherein the support rails 2a, 2b in the bottom between 16 and a respective side 1, as is the case with the magnetic support device which is preferably used according to the invention in connection with the basic illustration shown in FIG. 1, but instead has an oblong hole 18 in each of the side regions 17 a respective fixing screw 19 is guided from outside to inside, by means of which the respective support rail 2a, 2b can be fixed against an inner side ei¬ ner respective side wall 17, after the respective support rail 2a, 2b, by means of one consisting of adjusting screws 20 existing Height adjustment in the vertical direction, ie in support direction z, was set.

Further, outer edges of the side portions 17, ie the edges facing away from the bottom 16, rails 23 are provided on which fixed to the support carriage 4 horizontal guide rollers 24 and also mounted on the support carriage 4 vertical guide rollers 25 can run. The horizontal guide rollers 24 and the parts of the rails 23 on which they run, form the guide element according to the invention to ensure the specific gap-shaped distance between the means of fastening screws 22 connected to the support slide 4 nen magnet rows 1e, 1f. The vertical guide rollers 25 which run on a running on the end face of the side portions 17 of the Laufschie¬ nen 23, serve as a stop for limiting the deflection of the support carriage 4 in the negative supporting direction, so that the support carriage 4 z. B. during assembly, if z. If, for example, the carrying capacity has not yet been set to a value adapted to a respective door leaf by means of the screwing-in screws, it is not drawn too far in the direction of the housing bottom 16, as a result of which damage to the coils 7, which is effected by means of fastening angles 21 Caseback 16 attached coil assembly 7, could be done. The coil arrangement comprises in addition to the individual coils 7 still horizontally lying, so in the transverse direction extending coil cores 12, the end faces one pole side of the attached to the side walls 17 mounting rails 2a, 2b with their other pole side opposite arranged magnet rows 1e, 1f opposite.

Furthermore, in the illustrated first embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of the invention, the support carriage 4 is designed in three parts, wherein a central main element 4b is provided on which both the door leaf 5 and two side elements 4a, 4c are fastened. The respective horizontal rollers 24 and vertical rollers 25 which are respectively arranged underneath one of the magnet rows 1e, 1f are fastened to a respective side element 4a, 4c. The side elements 4a, 4c can z. B. by means not shown Ver-glands so rigidly connected to the central main element 4b, that a game of the support carriage 4a-c with respect to the side walls 17 of the housing 6 and thus also the respective be¬ certain gap-shaped spacing of the magnet rows 1e, 1f is adjusted to the Tragschie¬ nen 2a, 2b.

The magnetic coils 7 with coil cores 12 centered between the two magnetically movable magnet rows 1e, 1f fixed to the support carriage 4 can be energized in accordance with the direction of travel.

Since the magnet rows 1e, 1f fastened to the support carriage 4 pass through the guide element 3 from horizontal guide rollers 24, which are fastened to the side elements 4a, 4c of the support carriage, in the horizontal direction at a certain distance the support rails 2 a, 2 b are forcibly guided while they move freely in the positive supporting direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5. bar, the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1e, 1f are largely canceled out by the symmetry thus forced in accordance with the first preferred embodiment of the invention. The carrying properties in the vertical direction correspond in principle to those of the carrying device described in connection with FIG.

FIG. 19 shows a cross-section of a second development of a carrying and driving device of a sliding door according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention.

In contrast to the first development shown in FIG. 18, two reinforced side regions 17 standing vertically on the bottom 16 are provided here, each having a milled recess 15 or notch adjacent to the bottom 16, in each of which a laminated support rail 2c, 2d is received. As a result of this embodiment, the support rails 2c, 2d can be held by the housing 6 without further fastening means in the carrying direction. An attachment in the transverse direction can, for. B. by means of a mounting plate 30, where the connected to a package, z. B. by gluing, laminated support rails 2 c, 2 d are fastened and that due to its adaptation to the bottom 16 and the recesses 15 of the housing 6 in the transverse direction is not displaced. The coil cores 12 may also be laminated, i. H. consist of Einzel¬ plates to prevent, as in the laminated support rails 2c, 2d, the propagation of eddy currents generated therein by movement of the two rows of magnets 1c, 1d.

Next, the two rows of magnets 1e, 1f instead of Befestigungs¬ screws 22 by means of mounting rails 29 are rigidly connected to the support carriage 4 and the reinforced side portions 17 of the housing 6 sen sen recesses 26 in which the vertical guide rollers 25 lau- fen, wherein the projections 6a, 6b entspre¬ chende projections 17a, 17b are provided on the side regions 17, which prevent falling out of the support carriage from the housing 6. It should be noted that the vertical guide rollers 25 moving in the recesses 26 require, during operation with an ideal setting of the load capacity, the limitation in the negative support direction created by the recesses 26, nor the limitation generated thereby in positive support direction.

The support carriage consists here of a mold profile 4d, on which the Mag¬ netreihen 1e, 1f, the horizontal guide rollers 24 and the vertical guide rollers 25 are fixed and an associated U-profile 4e, on which the door 5 is suspended.

Further, a cladding 28 is provided around the housing, within which a circuit arrangement 27 for controlling the linear drive unit is received.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1e, 1f magnet series

1a-d magnet

2 support element

2a-d, 2n mounting rail

3 guide element

4, 4a-c support carriage

5 door leaves

6 housing

6a, 6b projections

6c floor space

6d inside

6e side wall

7, 7a-c coil

9 Soft magnetic rail

10a ends

10b page areas

11 groove

12, 12a-d spool core

13a pole shoe

13b pole shoes

14a DIN rail profile

14b mounting rail area

15 milling

16 floor

17 page area

17a, 17b projections

18 slot

19 Fixing screw 20 adjusting screw

21 mounting angles

22 fixing screw

23 track rail

24 horizontal roll

25 vertical roll

26 recess

27 circuit arrangement

28 cladding

29 fixing rail

30 mounting plate

Rs = grid

Gap ⁼ length of a gap

RM = magnetic grid

■ magnet ⁼ length of a magnet

Claims

claims

1. sliding door with a combined magnetic support and An¬ drive system for at least one door, with a permanently excited magnetic support means, the at least one alternately in An¬ direction at certain intervals magnetized magnetized magnet row (1, 1e, 1f), at least a soft or hard magnetic support element (2) standing in an attractive force effect with at least one of the at least one magnet row (1, 1e, 1f) and a guide element (3) which has a certain gap-shaped distance between the at least one magnet row (1, 1e, 1f) and the support element (2), and a linear drive unit which has at least one coil arrangement (7) consisting of a plurality of individual coils (7), which interact with the minimum one if the individual coils (7) are controlled accordingly a magnetic series (1, 1e, 1f) causes the feed forces, wherein the support element (2) at least one Tragschien e (2a-d, 2n, 14b), which is arranged with a first predetermined distance to a first side of one of the at least one magnetic row (1, 1e, 1f), and the coil assembly (7) in a second be¬ certain distance to one of the first side of the magnetic series (1, 1e, 1f) opposite the second side of the magnet array (1, 1e, 1f) is arranged.

2. Sliding door with a magnetic support and drive system for at least one door (5), with a linear drive unit, the two arranged in the drive direction magnet rows (1e, 1f), the magnetization in its longitudinal direction at certain intervals changes the sign and one out several individual coils (7) existing between the two rows of magnets (1e, 1f) arranged Coil arrangement which, with appropriate control of the individual coils (7), interacts with the two rows of magnets (1e, 1f) causing the feed forces and a carrying device, the two in attracting force with one of the two magnet rows (1e, 1f) has support rails (2a, 2, 2c, 2d) arranged on a side of the respective magnet row (1e, 1f) facing away from the Spulen¬ arrangement and a guide element (3, 23, 24) which has a respective particular gap-shaped distance between a respective row of magnets (1e, 1f) and the support rail (2a, 2b) which is in an attractive force with this.

3. Sliding door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one magnet row (1, 1e, 1f) is magnetized transversely to the supporting direction (Z) and to the drive direction (X).

4. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the at least one row of magnets (1, 1e, 1f) consists of individual permanent magnets (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d).

5. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the support element (2) and the coil assembly (7) stationary and the at least one first row of magnets (1, 1e, 1f) are arranged to be movable.

6. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that a compensation of the transverse forces thereby er¬ follows that the support rails (2a-d, 2n, 14b) and / or coil cores (12, 12a-c) or pole pieces ( 13b) of the individual coils (7), the coil arrangement is kept low by reducing the air gaps.

7. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the coils (7) are arranged ange¬ with their winding cores (12) in unter¬ different relative positions to the grid of the magnetic series ange¬.

8. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the support element (2) is soft magnetic.

9. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, character- ized in that the door leaf (5) on a multi-part Trag¬ slide (4) is fixed, the individual parts (4a-c) can be adjusted against each other to adjust a game of the sliding door ,

10. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a vertical height adjustment device (18, 19, 20), by means of which the support rails (2a, 2b) are height-adjustable in the supporting direction.

11. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the support rails (2c, 2d) and / or coil cores (12) of the coil assembly are made of stacked sheets.

12. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the guide element (3) rollers, rolling and / or sliding body comprises.

13. Sliding door according to claim 12, characterized in that the guide element (3) comprises at least one running rail (23), run on the rollers (24), rolling and / or sliding body.

14. Sliding door according to claim 13, characterized in that the at least one running rail (23) and / or the rollers (24), rolling and / or sliding bodies are made of plastic or partly of plastic be¬.

15. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the at least one magnetic series (1, 1e, 1f) of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare earth high-performance magnet, more preferably of the Ne FeB or Sm ₂ Co consists.

16. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that a grid of the individual coils (7) of the Spulenanord¬ tion is different from the specific distances of the alternating polarization of the at least one magnetic series (1, 1e, 1f).

17. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized ge indicates that the sliding door is designed as a curved sliding door or Hori- zontal sliding wall.