EP1647657A2 - Sliding door with a magnetic supporting mechanism with adjustment of the supporting force - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for sliding door comprises magnetic row (1,1a,1b,1k,1d,1e,1f) and hard magnetic carrying element (2). The mounting rail (2a,2b,2c,2d,13,14,24) are provided vertically with carrying carriage. The guiding device forms a certain gap between magnet row and mounting gap.

Description

The invention relates to a sliding door with a magnetic support device according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for an automatically operated door and more particularly to a particular embodiment of a support element and / or a guide element of the support device. The magnetic support device consists of at least one row of magnets, this term comprising an arrangement of individual permanent magnets and also elongate individual magnets. The magnet series can be arranged stationary or mobile.

From DE 40 16 948 A1 discloses a sliding door guide is known in the cooperating magnets under normal load effect a non-contact floating guide held in the sliding guide door or the like. The disadvantage here is the V-shaped arrangement of the permanent magnets, since no laterally stable guideway can be realized by such an arrangement.

From WO 00/50719 A1 a combined storage and drive system for an automatically operated door is known, in which a permanent magnetic support system is symmetrical and has stationary and movable magnet rows, which are each arranged in a plane, wherein the support system in an unstable balance. Here, the support system has symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements, which can be mounted in a roll shape.

What these two storage systems have in common is that they work according to the principle of repulsive force action, which principle of action enables a stable levitation state without complex electrical control devices. The disadvantage of this, however, is that both at least one stationary as well as at least one positionable magnet series must be present, d. H. that over the entire path of the sliding guide or the bearing of the automatically operated door and on the movable along this guide support carriage for the door must be arranged, whereby such a system, due to the elimination of mechanical friction to carry the door by extreme Smooth running and noiseless operation is characterized and is almost wear and maintenance-free, in the production is very expensive.

From DE 196 18 518 C1 an electromagnetic drive system for magnetic levitation and support systems is further known in which a stable suspension and support state is achieved by a suitable arrangement of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material. For this purpose, the permanent magnet puts the ferromagnetic material in the state of a magnetic partial saturation. Electromagnets are arranged so that the permanent magnets are moved solely by a change in the saturation in the support rail, and the coil cores are included in the permanent magnetic partial saturation, which leads to the floating and wearing state.

Furthermore, WO 94/13055 shows a stator drive for an electric linear drive and a door provided with such a stand, which is suspended by means of magnets in the lintel of a frame. For this purpose, a plurality of magnets or magnet groups are arranged on the door panel whose magnetic field strength is so great that an attraction force is achieved to a guide plate, which is arranged on the underside of the lintel is, wherein the attraction is sufficient to lift the weight of the door panel.

The two systems described in these documents have in common that the magnetic attraction must be precisely adjusted during manufacture to the respective load to be carried, whereby these systems are unsuitable or too expensive for practical use. Next is either no stable lateral guidance of the door given or the guide elements can tilt slightly, causing a discontinuous movement.

It is therefore the object of the invention to develop a sliding door with a magnetic support device so that the advantages mentioned above remain at lower production costs.

This object is achieved with the features specified in claim 1, alternative solutions to this problem are given by the features specified in the claims 2 and 3, respectively. Advantageous embodiments of the subject matters of claims 1 to 3 are specified in the subclaims.

A first alternative of a sliding door according to the invention with magnetic support means for at least one door leaf, wherein the support means at least one magnetic series, at least one in attractive force, with at least one of the at least one magnetic series, standing soft or hard magnetic support member, preferably as at least one support rail, a guide element , which ensures a certain gap-shaped distance between the at least one row of magnets and the support rail and has a vertically acting load setting, has with respect to the described prior Technology has the advantage that the support element does not necessarily have to be hard magnetic due to the exploited attractive force. Further, since a guide member is provided which ensures a certain gap-shaped distance between the at least one magnet row and the support member, despite utilizing an unstable state of equilibrium, no electrical or electronic control device needs to be provided. A gap-like distance in the sense of this invention is a distance between two parallel or slightly inclined surfaces. Here, in particular, between a pole face of one of the at least one magnet row and one of these face of the support element arranged opposite to it substantially parallel thereto.

These advantages are also achieved with a second alternative of a sliding door according to the invention with a magnetic support device for at least one door leaf, wherein the support means at least one magnetic series, at least one standing in attractive force with at least one of the at least one magnetic series soft or hard magnetic support member, preferably as at least a support rail, a guide element, which ensures a certain gap-shaped distance between the at least one magnet row and the support rail, and has a horizontally acting load capacity setting.

Also, a third alternative of a sliding door according to the invention with a magnetic support means for at least one door, wherein the support means comprises at least one magnetic row, at least one standing in attractive force with at least one of the at least one magnetic series soft or hard magnetic support member and a guide member having a certain slit-shaped Ensures a distance between the at least one row of magnets and the support element, wherein the guide element comprises rollers, rolling and / or sliding body, which are designed crowned, has over the described prior art, these advantages.

Finally, by the inventive load setting in the first and second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention a slight adjustment of the support device according to the invention to different loads possible, d. H. to differently heavy door of the sliding door according to the invention. By virtue of this feature, the carrying means of the sliding doors according to the invention can be manufactured in series without disregarding the actual later use without divergence from them; H. without an adjustment required during production to the weight to be carried later. Further, with a change of the wings and / or a repair, the storage is greatly simplified and the respective adjustability is an effective protection against tilting given because the load setting at the same time inherently optimizing the travel allowed. In the third alternative of a sliding door according to the invention also results from the inventive spherical configuration even with a slight tilting of the door no tilting of the guide element, whereby a steady movement is achieved.

The inventive load setting of the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention preferably comprises an adjusting device by which the support member or parts of the support element in a direction perpendicular to a distance are adjustable so that the distance between the at least one row of magnets and the support element remains constant during their adjustment. By such an adjustment can be realized on the one hand a simple height adjustment and on the other a simple load capacity adjustment. The height adjustment is special advantageous if the support element consists of several segments, which are arranged in the direction of displacement, ie perpendicular to the supporting direction and the lateral direction or transverse direction, side by side, so sequentially, are traversed. Even with a parallel arrangement of a plurality of support elements and rows of magnets for carrying a load an individual height adjustment for mutual adjustment of parallel arranged several support elements and rows of magnets makes sense.

In the support device according to the invention of the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention preferably the support element or parts of the support element are adjustable so that a gap width between the at least one row of magnets and the support element can be adjusted. By such an adjustment, on the one hand, a simple adjustment of transverse forces acting between the at least one magnet row and the support element / s and, on the other hand, a simple adjustment of the load capacity can be realized. The adjustment of the transverse forces is particularly advantageous if the support element consists of several segments, which are arranged in the displacement direction, ie perpendicular to the supporting direction and the lateral direction or transverse direction, side by side, so are passed through successively. Even with a parallel arrangement of a plurality of support elements and rows of magnets for carrying a load, an individual adjustment of the transverse forces for mutual adjustment of the parallel arranged several support elements and rows of magnets makes sense.

This simple way of adjusting the load capacity, the support devices of the first and second alternative according to the invention can be easily adapted, for example, during assembly, to different loads without constructive changes or replacement of elements of the respective support device must be done. Is provided that only parts of the respective support device are adjustable, the forces on the adjustable parts of this support means can be kept as small as possible, whereby the design complexity of an adjustment against the case of an adjustment of the entire support device is reduced.

In a first preferred embodiment of this embodiment according to the invention of both the first and the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, each support element preferably has a U-shaped mounting rail with a bottom region and two side regions, the bottom region connecting the two side regions being fixed and at least one of the two side regions are arranged adjustable, and a magnetic series of at least one magnetic row is at least partially guided within the U-shaped support rail, that an inner surface of the at least one adjustable side portion or a bent parallel to the bottom portion extending end portion of the at least one adjustable side portion with the predetermined distance to a first side of the Ma arranged parallel to the inner surface of the at least one adjustable side region or to an end surface of the end region extending perpendicular to the bottom surface is arranged.

In one development of this first preferred embodiment of this embodiment according to the invention, an inner surface of the other side region or a bent end region of the other side region running parallel to the bottom region is preferably at the same or another specific gap-shaped distance to a second side opposite the first side of the magnet array the magnetic series or a further magnetic series of at least one set of magnets arranged adjustable.

In a second preferred embodiment of this embodiment according to the invention both the first and the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, each support element preferably has two mounting rails, of which at least one mounting rail is arranged with a certain distance adjustable to a first side of the at least one magnet row and the another support rail with the same or another specific gap-shaped distance to one of the first side of the magnetic series opposite second side of the magnetic series or another magnetic series of at least one row of magnets is arranged.

Preferably, the at least one magnetic row is adjustably mounted on a support carriage which carries a load, in particular in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention.

In the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention corresponds to a radius of the spherically configured rollers, rolling and / or sliding in opposite directions provided in the transverse direction rollers, rolling or sliding bodies, that is provided on both pole sides of the magnetic row (s) and communicating with respective mating surfaces are, preferably substantially half a distance from points of contact of two oppositely arranged rollers, rolling and / or sliding bodies with their mating surface, ie half the distance between the two mating surfaces. If a roller with two mating surfaces is provided in a communicating manner, then a radius of its crowned configuration preferably corresponds essentially to half the distance between the two mating surfaces or its half diameter.

The guide element according to the third alternative of the invention preferably comprises at least one arrangement of three or more adjacent rollers, rolling and / or sliding bodies.

The guide element according to the third alternative of the invention may alternatively or additionally comprise at least one raceway on which run the rollers, rolling and / or sliding body. By providing a career, a particularly precise mechanical side guide can be carried out, whereby both the friction occurring as well as in a movement, for. As a support carriage that holds a portable magnetic series, occurring noises can be minimized.

According to the third alternative of the invention, the track, preferably stationary, and the rollers, rolling and / or sliding bodies are arranged to be movable, d. H. in the case of a sliding door, the rollers, rolling and / or sliding body on this or its suspension, z. B. a support carriage, attached, whereas the raceway forms a guide for the door element or the door elements of a multi-leaf sliding door. This embodiment is preferable both because of the small number of rollers, rolling and / or sliding because of the associated cost savings and by the thus particularly simple avoidance of jamming. Of course, the design of the track is also portable and the rollers, rolling and / or sliding stationary.

Preferably, according to the invention, the distance between the magnet array and the support element is kept as small as possible.

According to the invention, the support member is preferably stationary and the at least one row of magnets arranged to be movable, that is, in the case of the sliding door, this is hung on the magnetic row, whereas the support element forms a guide for the door element or the door elements of a multi-leaf sliding door. This embodiment allows in a particularly simple manner a combination of the support device according to the invention with an electromagnetic linear drive, in which the rotor is formed by means of the magnetic row (s). Of course, the design of the support element is mobile and the magnetic series (s) stationary possible.

According to the invention, the at least one row of magnets preferably consists of individual permanent magnets, since costs can be saved by the juxtaposition of individual smaller magnets in the procurement of material and thus in the manufacturing process of the carrying device according to the invention. Further, due to this configuration, lighter tolerances can be balanced and magnetic properties can be better utilized. Instead of a series of magnets and a single magnet can be used, whereby the relatively difficult mounting of the plurality of individual magnets is eliminated.

In the carrying device according to the invention, the at least one row of magnets, preferably transversely to the supporting direction, magnetized. Further preferably, the at least one magnet row is also also magnetized transversely to a direction of displacement, in which an element carried by the support means, for. B. a sliding door element, can be moved. In this preferred arrangement of the magnetization, the at least one row of magnets transverse to the supporting direction, results in a particularly simple structural design of the guide element, since this can be planned and executed in this case, regardless of a force that must be generated by the support to the to keep worn element in a limbo.

According to the invention, preferably the magnetization of the at least one magnetic row in a longitudinal direction of the at least one row of magnets alternates at certain intervals the sign. This feature, which can be realized particularly easily with a magnet series consisting of individual permanent magnets, effects a better magnetic effect since, together with the support device, a magnetic field closure of the individual magnetization regions, ie between the individual permanent magnets, is produced. Also in this preferred embodiment, a multiple polarized single magnet can be used instead of the individual permanent magnets with alternating polarization. It is also achieved by this feature that the guide member ensuring the gap-like spacing does not have to absorb large forces when the support element is present on both sides of the magnet row, since the forces acting in the direction of magnetization between the at least one magnet row and the support element at best cancel out. This effect is more strongly supported with an increasing number of alternating polarizations, since both tolerances in the field strengths of individual polarization regions are better compensated for, and such a superimposition of the forces respectively generated by the individual polarization regions results in the creation of a field which corresponds to the structure of FIG Counteracts transverse forces. At least three successive polarization areas should be provided so that a possible in only two polarization areas of the magnetic series possible canting of the magnetic series does not occur, which can already generate large lateral forces. When using a U-shaped mounting rail is indeed due to the design of the support rail as such already achieved a better magnetic field than with the use of two support rails, which are arranged on both sides of the magnet array, with a combination of these features, however, results in a particularly good magnetic field circuit.

The support element is preferably soft magnetic according to the invention, whereby particularly low costs are achieved with respect to this element.

The guide element according to the invention preferably comprises rollers, rolling and / or sliding body.

According to the invention, the at least one row of magnets preferably consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (Sm ₂ CO) or plastic-bonded magnet materials. By using such high-performance magnets can be generated because of the higher remanence induction significantly higher power densities than with ferrite magnets. Consequently, the magnet system can be constructed geometrically small and thus save space for a given load capacity with high-performance magnets. The higher material costs of the high-performance magnets compared to ferrite magnets are at least compensated by the comparatively small magnet volume.

All embodiments of the support device according to the invention can be configured, combined or integrated with an electromagnetic linear drive or with an electromechanical linear drive, which can also be arranged within the U-shaped support rail.

The carrying device according to the invention is used for carrying at least one door leaf of a sliding door, which is preferably designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall. In addition to this insert, it can also be used to carry gate leaves or in feeders, handling devices or transport systems.

All embodiments described with respect to one of the alternatives of the sliding door according to the invention can - as well as the described alternatives themselves - be combined with each other as desired.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments.

Figur 1:

Einen Querschnitt einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in verschiedenen Belastungszuständen,

Figur 2:

die Tragkraftkennlinie der magnetischen Trageinrichtung nach der in Figur 1 gezeigten ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Figur 3:

den Querkraftverlauf der magnetischen Trageinrichtung nach der in Figur 1 gezeigten ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Figur 4:

eine Schnittdarstellung einer Draufsicht der magnetischen Trageinrichtung nach der in Figur 1 gezeigten ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Figur 5:

einen Querschnitt einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der ersten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 6:

einen Querschnitt einer dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der ersten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 7:

einen Querschnitt einer vierten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der ersten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 8:

einen Querschnitt einer fünften bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der ersten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 9:

einen Querschnitt einer sechsten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der ersten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 10:

einen Querschnitt einer siebten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der ersten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 11:

einen Querschnitt einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der zweiten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 12:

einen Querschnitt einer dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der zweiten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 13:

einen Querschnitt einer vierten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der zweiten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 14:

einen Querschnitt einer fünften bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der zweiten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 15:

Querschnitte einer zweiten und einer dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der dritten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 16:

einen Querschnitt einer vierten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Trageinrichtung in der dritten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür, und

Figur 17:

Schnittdarstellungen von Draufsichten der magnetischen Trageinrichtungen in der dritten Alternative der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür.

Showing:

FIG. 1:

A cross section of a first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in different load states,

FIG. 2:

the load capacity curve of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1,

FIG. 3:

the transverse force curve of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1,

FIG. 4:

3 is a sectional view of a top view of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1,

FIG. 5:

a cross section of a second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 6:

a cross section of a third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 7:

a cross section of a fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 8:

a cross section of a fifth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 9:

a cross section of a sixth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 10:

a cross section of a seventh preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 11:

a cross section of a second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 12:

a cross section of a third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 13:

a cross section of a fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 14:

a cross section of a fifth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 15:

Cross sections of a second and a third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 16:

a cross section of a fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, and

FIG. 17:

Sectional views of plan views of the magnetic support means in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention for sliding doors in cross section. By way of illustration, a coordinate system is shown in which an x-direction running perpendicular to the plane of the paper represents a direction of travel of a door leaf 5 suspended from the carrying device according to the invention. The direction of acting on the magnetic support device Transverse forces is the y-direction and the vertical magnetic deflection downwards due to the weight of the suspended door leaves 5 is indicated in the z-direction.

A fixed to a support carriage 4 series of magnets 1 is guided by a provided on the support carriage 4 mechanical guide element 3, which cooperates with a housing 6 of the support means in the horizontal direction centered between the soft magnetic support rails 2a, 2b, which form the support member 2, while it is freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel (x) of the door leaf 5. As a result of the symmetry thus forced, the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the y direction largely cancel each other out. In the vertical direction (z-direction), the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d assume a symmetrical position only in the load-free state, ie without load fastened to the support carriage 4, as shown in FIG. 1a).

When loading the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d with the weight Fg, z. B. by a fixed to the support carriage 4 door 5, they are moved in the vertical direction from the symmetrical position shown in Figure 1a) via an intermediate state shown in Figure 1b) in an equilibrium position shown in Figure 1c), by the weight to be supported F _g and a magnetic restoring force between the magnets 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 1 d of the magnetic series 1 and the support rails 2 a, 2 b of the support element 2, hereinafter also referred to as a load capacity F (z) is determined. The cause of this restoring force are the magnetic attraction forces acting between the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d of the magnetic row 1 and the support rails 2a, 2b, wherein only the part of the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, between the support rails 2a, 2b goes down, contributes to this magnetic load capacity. Because this part is growing in size vertical deflection increases, the magnetic load capacity increases in magnitude continuously with the deflection.

In the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, the two mounting rails 2a, 2b each by means of screws 18 in its vertical position, d. H. in the supporting direction (z-direction), adjustable, in order to realize the vertical acting load-carrying setting according to the invention. This is shown by way of example in FIGS. 1d and 1e.

In the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, the two mounting rails 2a, 2b are each by means of screws 18 in its horizontal position, d. H. in the transverse direction (y-direction), adjustable in order to realize the horizontally acting load capacity adjustment according to the invention. This is shown by way of example in FIGS. 1f and 1g.

FIG. 2 shows the dependence between the vertical deflection of the magnet row 1 and the magnetic load capacity in a characteristic curve, ie the load capacity curve of the support device according to the embodiment shown in FIG. On the abscissa is the vertical deflection z down, z. In mm, and on the ordinate the corresponding generated magnetic load F (z), e.g. In Newton. The course of the load-bearing characteristic curve is characterized by an upper and a lower break-off point, which are respectively achieved when the magnets completely emerge upwards or downwards between the carrier rails, as is shown in the case below in FIG. 1e). If this critical deflection is exceeded due to the force, the restoring forces are weakened by the increasing distance to the mounting rails 2a, 2b, whereby a stable equilibrium state between the load capacity F (z) and the weight force Fg caused by the load can not be achieved in these areas.

In practice, such a tearing off of the load-bearing force F (z) by the weight force Fg of the door leaf mass can be reliably prevented by a mechanical limitation of the possible deflection of the magnet row 1, as shown by way of example in FIG. 1d). Here, the housing 6 accommodating the mounting rails 2a, 2b and providing a horizontal guide for the guide element 3 simultaneously comprises two projections 6a, 6b respectively arranged at its lower ends, which mechanically limit the possible deflection of the support carriage 4 and thus rigidly fastened thereto Magnet row 1 in the z direction are.

Between the upper break-off point and the lower break-off point, the load-bearing characteristic curve is almost linear, with a positive deflection of the magnetic row 1, ie a downward deflection, which takes place through the door leaf 5 fastened to the support slide 4, from the origin of the coordinate system between vertical deflection z Magnetic series 1 and magnetic load F (z) are traversed to the lower breakpoint on the load capacity curve operating points with negative slope, in which a respective stable position of the magnetic series 1 between the support rails 2a, 2b, due to the force acting on the magnetic series 1 weight F _g and the same amount, acting in the opposite direction magnetic load F (z) can adjust.

With strict symmetry of the described magnetic support device about the vertical center axis (z-axis), which depends on both the arrangement of the support device and the mechanical guide element 3, the horizontal magnetic force components in the transverse direction, ie in the y direction, cancel completely , If the magnetic series 1 leaves this exact middle position due to tolerances, then a transverse force F (y) acting on the magnetic row 1 arises due to different degrees of attraction to the two mounting rails 2a, 2b.

FIG. 3 shows, for a gap width of z. B. -1 mm to +1 mm, a transverse force profile F (y) in response to a lateral displacement y of the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, which has a positive slope over the entire course. This means that at the zero point of the coordinate system, which corresponds to the central position of the magnetic row 1 between the mounting rails 2a, 2b, there is an unstable balance of forces. In all other points of the coordinate system there is a resulting transverse force F (y).

Since there is only an unstable equilibrium of forces in the middle position, the guide element 3 must provide a precise mechanical support, which the magnetic row 1 during the travel movement of the magnetic row 1 in the direction of movement, d. H. in the x-direction, exactly centered between the support rails 2a, 2b leads. The more precisely this centering can be realized, the lower the resulting transverse force F (y) and associated friction forces of the mechanical bearing.

To optimize the wearing properties, the magnet width, i. H. the dimensions of the magnetic row 1 or of their individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the y-direction, be as large as possible, because a large magnet width causes a large field strength, which leads to large load capacities. The height of the magnet, that is to say the dimensions of the magnet row or of its individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the z-direction, should be as small as possible, because small magnet heights increase the rigidity of the load-bearing field by bundling the field.

The height of the mounting rails 2a, 2b should be as small as possible, a mounting rail height is less 1/2 the magnetic height, because the field lines of the permanent magnets are bundled and thereby increases the rigidity of the magnetic support system.

The arrangement should be chosen so that the soft magnetic support rails 2a, 2b in the equilibrium state in which the magnetic load F (z) is the same amount caused by loading the magnetic series 1 with the door leaf 5 weight force Fg, vertically asymmetrical about the row of magnets 1 and lie The magnet row 1 should be as continuous as possible in order to provide latching forces in the direction of movement, i. H. in the x direction, avoid.

FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a plan view of the support device according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1 a according to a section line AA. It can be seen that the magnet array 1 consists of individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, which are arranged with alternating magnetization direction between the two laterally arranged mounting rails 2a, 2b, which consist of a soft magnetic material. In this embodiment, in which the support rails 2a, 2b form the fixed part of the support device according to the invention, the individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d are attached to the movable support carriage 4 to form the magnet array 1 and can be placed between the rails in x and z Direction. In a vertical displacement, ie a displacement in the z-direction to a small path, about 3 - 5 mm, from the zero position, ie the geometric symmetry position, resulting from the use of extremely strong permanent magnets, z. B. NeFeB, a considerable restoring force, which is suitable for carrying a sliding door leaf 5 with a weight of about 80 kg / m. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 4, in which the permanent magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d are arranged with alternating direction of magnetization between the two carrier rails 2a, 2b, the field closure by the carrier rails 2a, 2b has a positive effect in the direction of mutual magnetization of the magnets arranged next to one another reinforcing.

FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, in which two magnet rows 1e, 1f which are movable in position are fastened to the support carriage 4, wherein magnet coils 17 of a linear drive are arranged centered between the two positionally adjustable magnet rows , This makes it clear that the magnetic support device can also be combined with a linear drive, so as to realize an automatic sliding door.

In contrast to the above-described first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention, in principle U-shaped housing 6 does not merely have a bottom 16 and two symmetrical side regions 7 perpendicular to it, with the support rails 2a, 2b in between the bottom 16 and one of the respective side portions 7 formed edges are arranged, but has over the previously described embodiment reinforced side regions 7, which have a milled recess 15 or notch at the respective edge with the bottom portion, which formed as free legs 26 side mounting rails 2a, 2b of a basically U-shaped mounting rail with outwardly, ie away from the arranged inside the support carriage 4 rows of magnets 1e, 1f, staggered end portions of the side mounting rails 2a, 2b record. In addition, located on the bottom 16 of the housing 6, a further support rail 14, which is designed so U-shaped that their free legs 27 come to the side mounting rails 2a, 2b to the plant. The side portions of the support rails 2a, 2b are arranged on a here consisting of screws 18, cooperating with the free legs 26, acting in the housing 6 adjustment in the supporting direction (z-direction) adjustable. The side portions 7 of the housing 6 have additional milled grooves or notches, which are not simply rectangular, but additionally each form a groove 19 in which outwardly offset end portions 28 of the support rails 2a, 2b can engage respectively. Next recordings are additionally provided for existing from the screws 18 adjustment.

The fixed to the support carriage 4 rows of magnets 1e, 1f are provided as a guide member 3 rotatably mounted rollers 20 which are fixed to the support carriage 4 and act against the side portions 7 of the housing 6 in the horizontal direction with a certain distance within the lateral support rails 2a, 2b , which together with the support rail 14 form the support element, positively guided, while they are freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5. As a result of the symmetry thus imposed, the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1e, 1f in accordance with the first preferred embodiment of the invention largely cancel each other out. The support properties in the vertical direction correspond in principle to those of the first preferred embodiment of the invention.

6 shows a cross section of a third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, in which a portable magnetic row 1 is attached to a support carriage 4, wherein in addition to the positionable magnetic row 1 magnetic coils 17 of a linear drive, as in the figure 5, are arranged.

In contrast to the above-described first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention, the U-shaped housing 6 does not have only the bottom 16 and two side areas 8, 9 perpendicular thereto Support rails 2c, 2d are arranged in the edges formed between the bottom 16 and the respective side regions 8, 9, but has over the above-described embodiment a reinforced side region 9, which has a milled recess or indentation 29 at one edge with the bottom region 16 a magnetic field guide rail 25 receives, so that it is held by the housing 6 at least in the supporting direction (positive z-direction). The coils 17 of the linear drive are arranged between the magnetic field guide rail 25 and the magnetic row 1, fixedly connected to the housing 6. On the other side of the magnet row 1, a support rail 2a adjustable in the vertical direction (z-direction) is arranged. The one support rail 2a is preferably aligned with the coils 17 of the linear drive and the magnet array 1, that in addition to the support properties, a magnetic field closure of the coil 17 is achieved. In addition, a receptacle for the adjusting means consisting of screws 18 is additionally provided which keeps the mounting rail 2a so adjustable in the supporting direction (z-direction) that the particular gap-shaped spacing between this mounting rail 2a and the magnet row 1 is maintained.

The eccentrically mounted on the support carriage 4 magnetic row 1 is provided by guide elements 3 as rotatable rollers 20 which are fixed to the support carriage 4 and act against the side portions 8, 9, in the horizontal direction with fixed distances to the support rails 2a, 25, the Form support member and the linear drive 17 forcibly guided, while they are freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5. As a result of the magnetic symmetry thus imposed, the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1 largely cancel each other in accordance with the first preferred embodiment of the invention. The support properties in the vertical direction correspond in principle to those of the first preferred embodiment of the invention.

7 shows a cross section of a fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, which is modified with respect to the shown in Figure 5 second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, that an additional, z. B consisting of rollers guide element 21, is provided which limits a position of the support carriage 4 in the negative z-direction, thus preventing the lifting of the carried load of the door leaf 5 above a certain height. The guide member 21 acts against a on the underside of side portions 10, 11 of the housing 6, d. H. its the load 5 side facing, provided tread 30, which is exemplified here by a paragraph 22 so that the additional guide element 21 formed from rollers is not visible from the side. Thus, in addition to the inventive adjustment of the load capacity, a malfunction of the carrying device according to the invention can be prevented in the case of a load which is too light in relation to the design of the carrying forces.

8 shows a cross section of a fifth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, which is modified in relation to the fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention shown in FIG. 7 in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention. that the additional roller guide element 21 also limits a position of the support carriage 4 in the positive z-direction, thus preventing the lowering of the carried load 5 below a certain height. The guide element 21 then acts in total against two provided at the free ends of the side regions 10, 11 of the housing 6 treads 31, which are formed here by way of example each provided in the side regions 10,11 of the housing groove 23. Thus, in addition to the inventive adjustment of the load capacity, a malfunction of the carrying device according to the invention can be prevented in the case of a load which is too light or too heavy with regard to the design of the carrying forces.

9 shows a cross-section of a sixth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, which is modified with respect to the third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention shown in FIG. 6 in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention. the support rail 2a and the magnetic field guide rail 25 are replaced by a U-shaped support rail 13 and a Z-shaped support rail 24. The U-shaped mounting rail 13 lays with its base on the bottom 16 of the housing 6, wherein a leg bears against a side region 8 and a leg 32 projects freely into the housing 6 and simultaneously comes into contact with the mounting rail 24 (abuts) , In order to comply with the particular gap-shaped distance to the magnet array 1, is additionally provided with a in the support direction (in the z direction) via an existing screw 18 adjusting device for the support rail 24. The adjustable support rail 24 has an end face 33, which adheres to the predetermined distance to the magnet array in the transverse direction of force (in the y-direction). Thus, the end of this side area is adjustable in the supporting direction, whereby the load capacity can be adjusted. Furthermore, at least one guide element 21 is also provided in this embodiment, which acts in the embodiment against the side region 12 of the housing 6.

10 shows a cross section of a seventh preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, which is modified with respect to the shown in Figure 9 the sixth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, that a symmetrical in the direction of lateral force structure is achieved. For this purpose, similar to the second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention shown in Figure 5, two rows of magnets 1e, 1f provided between which the magnetic coils 17 of a linear motor are arranged, both end portions of the U-shaped support rail 14 according to the Figure 9 shown sixth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention are adjustable.

11 shows a cross section of a second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, in which a portable magnet row 1 is attached to a support carriage 4, wherein in addition to the movable magnet row magnet coils 7 of a linear drive are arranged. This makes it clear that the magnetic support device can also be combined with a linear drive, so as to realize an automatic sliding door.

In contrast, as in the previously described preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in principle U-shaped housing 6 has not only a bottom 16 and two perpendicular thereto side portions 7, wherein the support rails 2a, 2b in between bottom 16 and a the respective side region 7 formed edges are arranged, but has opposite to the above-described embodiment, a side region 8, which has a milled recess 15 or indentation on an inner edge with the bottom region of the bottom 16, which receives a side region of a U-shaped mounting rail 13 whose other side region 24 adheres to the specific gap-shaped distance to the magnet array 1 , This side region 24 'can be adjusted in the transverse direction (in the y-direction) by means of an adjustment device consisting of a screw 18, so that the specific gap-shaped distance is not constant but variable. The coils 17 of the linear drive are arranged fixedly connected to the housing 6 between the side regions of the U-shaped support rail 13 and the magnetic row 1. The one side of the U-shaped mounting rail 13 is preferably aligned with the coils 17 of the linear drive, that in addition to the supporting properties, a magnetic field closure of the coil 17 is achieved. Further, in or on the housing 6 in addition a receptacle for the screw 18 existing adjusting device is provided, which holds the side portion 24 'of the U-shaped support rail 13 in the transverse direction (y-direction) so adjustable that the particular gap-shaped distance between the side region 24 'of the U-shaped support rail 13 and the magnetic series 1 can be adjusted.

The fixed to the support carriage 4 series of magnets 1 is provided as a guide element 3 rollers 20 which are fixed to the support carriage 4 and act against the housing 6, in the horizontal direction with certain distances to the specific magnetic properties having side portions of the U-shaped support rail thirteenth , which forms the support element 2, and the linear drive 17 forcibly guided, while they are freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5. By thus enforced magnetic symmetry, the transverse forces acting on the magnet according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention largely cancel, wherein a precise adjustment or adjustment of the shear forces on the screw 18 existing adjustment is possible. The support properties in the vertical direction correspond in principle to those of the first preferred embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 12 shows a cross-section of a third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, modified in relation to the second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention shown in FIG. 11 in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention is that the supporting element forming the U-shaped mounting rail 13 are replaced by a support rail 14 and a magnetic field guide 25, of which the Magnetfeldleitschiene 25 is received in the milled recess 15 or notch of the housing 6, which of the milled recess 15 or notch of the previously related corresponds to the housing 6 described with the second preferred embodiment. The support rail 14 is arranged in a provided with two retaining grooves 23 milled recess or notch in the other side region 9 of the housing 6, wherein a central region of the support rail 14 via an existing screw 18 adjustment in the transverse direction (in the y direction) is adjustable, that the particular gap-shaped distance is not constant, but variable. An adjustment takes place here via a deformation of the support rail 14th

13 shows a cross-section of a fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, which is modified in relation to the third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention shown in FIG. 12 in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention. that the flexible support rail 14 is replaced by a fixedly attached to the housing 6 mounting rail 2a, which can be variably secured via an adjusting device, not shown, in the supporting direction. Next, the magnetic row 1 is attached to a supporting slide 4a, which at the level of the lower portion of the housing 6, so the load 5 facing part of the housing, two-sided arranged guide elements 21 which thus attack on both side regions 7, 8 of the housing. Of these guide elements 21 are those which are arranged on the side facing the magnet array 1 side region, so adjustable by means of an adjusting screw 18 that the particular gap-shaped distance between the magnet array 1 and the fixed to the housing 6 mounted mounting rail 2a is variable.

14 shows a cross section of a fifth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, which is modified with respect to the shown in Figure 13 fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, in that the carrying carriage 4a inserted there is replaced by a carrying slide 4b, which has two guide elements 21 arranged on one side, in the supporting direction above and below the support rail 2a which is adjustably or fixedly attached to the housing 6 on the inside of the side region 7 of the housing 6 holding this support rail 2a to run. These guide elements 21 are so adjustable by means of adjusting screws 18, that the particular gap-shaped distance between the magnetic row 1 and the fixed to the housing 6 mounted mounting rail 2a is variable.

Figure 15a) shows a cross section of a second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, in which instead of the provided in the first preferred embodiment of the invention rectangular sliding body 3 spherical sliders 3e are provided, which in the following Figure 17 will be described in more detail.

In contrast to the first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, the housing 6, which in principle is U-shaped, does not have only one floor and two side areas 6a perpendicular thereto, the mounting rails 2a, 2b are arranged in the edges formed between the bottom and a respective side region 6a, 6b, but has over the above-described embodiment reinforced side regions 7, 8, which have at the respective edge with a bottom portion a milled or notched 39, in which in each case one of the mounting rails 2a, 2b is received. As a result, a greater stability is ensured, since a the support rails 2a, 2b in the direction of the support carriage 4 (in the z direction) pulling force is taken directly from the housing 6 and not one or more fasteners, which the respective support rail 2a, 2b at attached to the housing 6. These fastening means 40 must hold the support rails 2d, 2f only in the direction perpendicular to the supporting direction and to the direction of movement (in the y-direction).

FIG. 15b) shows a cross-section of a third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, in which instead of the in the second preferred embodiment of the invention provided in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention spherical ball 3e spherical rollers 3f are provided, which are described below in more detail in connection with Figure 17.

Furthermore, here the side areas of the U-shaped housing 6 are milled or notched so that a U-shaped mounting rail 2d can be received by the housing 6 in such a way that the two side areas of the mounting rail 2d are received in the milled or notched portions 39 of the housing 6 and the bottom of the support rail 2d abuts the bottom 49 of the housing 6. By this configuration, the support rail 2 d, which is inserted into the housing 6 in the direction of movement of the support carriage 4 (in the x direction), without further fastening means in the supporting direction (in the z direction) and in the direction of the transverse forces (in the y direction) of the housing 6 are held.

16 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention, in which in comparison with the third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, two displaceable rows of magnets 1e, 1f are fastened to a support carriage 4, wherein between the two magnet rows 1e, 1f centered stationary magnetic coils 41 of a linear drive are arranged.

Next to the third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support means in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention U-shaped mounting rails 2e, 2f with outwardly, ie away from the arranged inside the support carriage 4 rows of magnets 1e, 1f, staggered end portions of the side regions 7, 8 are provided which are received by the side panels 7, 8 of the housing 6.

The side regions of the U-shaped mounting rails 2e and 2f are adjustably arranged in the carrying direction (in the z-direction) by means of an adjusting device acting here on screws 45 acting on the housing 6. Due to the adjustability of the support rails 2e, 2f via the screws 45, the magnetic flux can be changed. The side portions 7, 8 of the housing 6 have notches or indentations 42, 43 which are not simply rectangular, as in the first and second preferred embodiments of the invention described above, but additionally each form a groove 46 in which outwardly offset end portions 47 of the support rail 2f can each engage. Next recordings are additionally provided for an existing from the screws 45 adjustment. The adjusting device is used to adjust the magnetic flux.

Against a bottom 44 of the housing 6 is directed en support member 48, which produces the magnetic closure to the support rails 2e, 2f.

As a guide element for the support carriage 4 are on the side regions 7, 8 of the housing 6 engaging spherical rollers 3d provided, which are described below in more detail in connection with the figure 17.

In the described second to fourth preferred embodiments in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, the magnet row / s 1, 1e, 1f attached to the support carriage 4 is / are moved in a horizontal direction by the sliding bodies 3e or rollers 3d acting on the respective housing 6 certain distance between the support rails 2a, 2b or within the U-shaped support rail 2d, 2f, which forms the support member 2, forcibly guided while in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5 is freely displaceable. By the way Forced symmetry cancel the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1, 1e, 1f according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention largely. The support properties in the vertical direction correspond in principle to those of the first preferred embodiment of the invention.

FIGS. 17a) and 17b) show plan views of the guide elements 3d, 3e, 3f shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, with three contact points being provided on each side area 6a, 6b, 7, 8 of the housing 6. Between two provided in the direction of movement of the support carriage 4 (in the x direction) rolling elements, sliders 3e or rollers 3d a certain distance is maintained, which is irrelevant with respect to the spherical design of the rolling or sliding body or rollers. The distance from the points of contact of two rolling elements, sliding bodies 3e or rollers 3d arranged opposite one another on the support carriage, ie the points with which the oppositely arranged rolling elements, sliding bodies 3e or rollers 3d encounter respective opposite opposing surfaces arranged at the distance A, is A, that is, about 2R, which corresponds to the distance of the farthest opposite points of the respectively oppositely arranged rolling bodies, sliding bodies 3e or rollers 3d or the diameter of a roller 3f running against both counter surfaces.

FIG. 17a) shows on the left of the distance A between the points of contact of the sliding bodies 3e representing an enlarged plan view of a single slider 3e, which here also has a radius R corresponding to the distance 2R of the assembled slider 3e, that is about the distance A of the contact points of the slider 3e with the side portions 6a, 6b, 7, 8 of the housing 6. This radius R needs not to be present according to the invention or may have a different value.

On the right of the view A representing the distance A between the points of contact of the sliding bodies 3e, FIG. 17a) shows an enlarged sectional view of a single sliding body 3e according to FIG. 5. It can be seen that the sliding body 3e is of spherical design and has a radius R in this direction which corresponds to almost half the distance A between the points of contact of the sliding bodies 3e, more precisely the points of contact of the sliding bodies 3e with the side areas 6a, 6b, 7, 8 of the housing 6.

FIG. 17b) shows, in the plan view representing the distance A between the contact points of the sliding bodies 3f, that a roller 3f has a radius R which is slightly smaller than the distance A of the contact points of the rollers 3d with the side area 6a, 6b, 7, 8 of the housing 6 is. 17b) shows an enlarged sectional view of a single roller 3f, corresponding to FIG. 5. It can be seen that the roller 3f is of spherical design and has a radius R in this direction, which corresponds approximately to half the distance A of the points of contact of the rollers 3d with the side region 6a, 6b, 7, 8 of the housing 6, that is approximately half the distance A of the side regions 6a, 6b, 7, 8 of the housing 6.

Since the distance between the magnet row and the support member is kept as small as possible, the difference between 2R and A is negligible. In particular, the radius with which the rollers, rolling or sliding bodies are crowned, is not necessarily exactly set, but can move in a range around these values.

In all the preferred embodiments of the invention, a plurality of the magnet array (s) and support member shown and described interacting with each other, ie support rail (s), may be arranged in parallel. Next, other arrangements and configurations are conceivable, for. B. a support rail as a support element, at the two side regions of two rows of magnets are arranged, that is one magnet row next to each side area.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

magnet row

1a

magnet

1b

magnet

1c

magnet

1d

magnet

1e

magnet

1f

magnet

2

supporting member

2a-f

rail

3

guide element

3c

Raceway (guiding element)

3d, 3f

roll

3e

sliding

4, 4a, 4b

support carriage

5

door

6

casing

6a, 6b

projections

7

page range

8th

page range

9

page range

10

page range

11

page range

12

page range

13

rail

14

rail

15

milled

16

ground

17

solenoids

18

screw

19

groove

20

roll

21

guide element

22

paragraph

23

groove

24

rail

24 '

page range

25

Magnetfeldleitschiene

26

free thigh

27

free thigh

28

end regions

29

notch

30

tread

31

tread

32

leg

33

face

39

notch

40

fastener

41

solenoids

42

notches

43

notches

44

ground

45

screw

46

groove

47

end regions

48

supporting member

49

floor area

R

radius

A

distance

z

direction

x

direction

y

direction

F _(z)

Capacity

F _g

weight force

F _(y)

lateral force

z-axis

vertical center axis

y-axis

transversely

X axis

movement direction

Claims (22)

Sliding door with a magnetic support for at least one door, the support means comprises at least one magnetic row (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f), at least one in attracting force with at least one of the at least one magnetic series (1, 1a, 1b , 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) soft or hard magnetic support element (2), preferably as at least one support rail (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24), a guide element (3) having a certain gap-shaped Distance between the at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) and the support rail (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24) ensures, and a vertically acting load capacity setting. Sliding door with a magnetic support device for at least one door leaf, the support device comprising at least one magnetic row (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d), at least one in attracting force with at least one of the at least one magnetic series (1, 1 a, 1b, 1c, 1d) standing soft or hard magnetic support element (2), preferably as at least one support rail (2a, 2b, 13, 14) a guide element (3) having a certain gap-shaped distance between the at least one magnet row (1, 1a, 1b, 1c , 1d) and the support element (2a, 2b, 13, 14), and a horizontally acting load capacity setting. Sliding door with a magnetic support device for at least one door leaf, the support device comprising at least one magnetic row (1, 1a, 1b, 1c 1d), at least one in attracting force with at least one of the at least one magnetic row (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) standing soft or hard magnetic support rail (2a, 2b, 2d, 2e, 2f) and a guide element (3, 3d, 3e) which has a certain gap-shaped spacing between the at least one magnet row (1, 1e, 1f) and the support element (2a, 2b, 2d, 2e, 2f) ensures, wherein the guide element (3, 3d, 3e, 3f) rollers, rolling and / or sliding body comprises, which are designed crowned. Sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertically acting load setting comprises an adjustment by which the support member or parts of the support member (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24) in a direction perpendicular to the particular distance so adjustable are that the specific distance between the at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) and the support rail (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24) remains constant during their adjustment. Sliding door according to claim 2, characterized in that the horizontally acting load setting comprises an adjusting device, by which the support element or parts of the support element are adjustable so that a gap width of the gap-shaped distance between the at least one magnetic row (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) and the support element (2a, 2b, 13, 14) can be adjusted. Sliding door according to claim 4, characterized in that each support element (2) has a U-shaped support rail (2a, 2b, 13, 14) with a bottom portion and two side portions, wherein the bottom portion connecting the two side portions is fixedly and / or adjustably arranged and a magnet row (1) of the at least one magnet row is at least partially guided within the U-shaped support rail (2a, 2b, 13, 14), that an inner surface of the at least one adjustable side region or a kinked Parallel to the bottom region extending end portion of the at least one adjustable side region with the specific distance to a parallel to the inner surface of the at least one adjustable side region or to a perpendicular to the bottom surface extending end face of the end portion arranged first side of the magnetic row (1) is arranged. Sliding door according to claim 5, characterized in that each support member has a U-shaped support rail (13) with a bottom portion and two side portions, wherein the bottom portion connecting the two side portions fixed and at least one of the two side portions (24 ') is adjustably arranged, and a magnet row (1) of the at least one magnet row is guided at least partially within the U-shaped support rail (13) such that an inner surface of the at least one adjustable side region (24 ') or a bent end region of the at least one adjustable parallel to the bottom region Side region (24 ') is arranged with the gap-shaped distance to a parallel to the inner surface of the at least one specific side region or to a perpendicular to the bottom surface extending end face of the end portion arranged first side of the magnetic row (1). Sliding door according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that an inner surface of the other side region or a bent, parallel to the bottom region extending end portion of the other side region arranged with the same or a different particular gap-shaped distance to one of the first side of the magnetic series (1) opposite second side of the magnet series (1) or a further magnet row of at least one magnet row (1) is adjustably arranged. Sliding door according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that each support element (2) has two support rails (2a, 2b), of which at least one support rail (2a) with the specific distance adjustable to a first side of a magnetic row (1) of the at least one Magnet row (1) is arranged and the other support rail (2b) with the same or another specific gap-shaped distance to one of the first side of the magnetic series (1) opposite the second side of the magnetic row (1) or a further magnetic series of at least one row of magnets is arranged , Sliding door according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the at least one magnet row (1) is adjustably mounted on a support carriage (4, 4a, 4b) which carries a load. Sliding door according to claim 3, characterized in that a radius (R) of the spherically configured rollers, rolling and / or sliding body (3d, 3e) is substantially half a distance (2R) of contact points of two oppositely arranged rollers, rolling and / or or sliding bodies (3d, 3e) or a roller (3f) with opposite mating surfaces, ie half the diameter (2R) of the roller (3f). Sliding door according to claim 3 or 11, characterized in that the guide element (3, 3d, 3e, 3f) comprises at least one arrangement of three or more adjacent rollers, rolling and / or sliding bodies. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims 3, 11 or 12, characterized in that the guide element (3, 3d, 3e, 3f) comprises at least one raceway on which the rollers, rolling and / or sliding body run. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims 3, 11, 12 or 13, characterized in that the track is stationary and the rollers, rolling and / or sliding body (3, 3d, 3e, 3f) are arranged to be movable. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support element (2d, 13, 14) fixed and the at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) are arranged to be movable. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one magnet row (1) consists of individual permanent magnets (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f). Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one row of magnets (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) is magnetized transversely to the supporting direction (z). Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a magnetization of the at least one magnetic row (1) in a longitudinal direction (x) of the at least one magnetic row (1) at certain intervals changes the sign. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support element (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24) is soft magnetic. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide element (3) rollers (20), rolling and / or sliding body comprises. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one magnetic row (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably of the type NeFeB or Sm ₂ Co consists. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding door is designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall.

Images