WO2006070955A1 - Procede et appareil de remplissage d'un caloduc par un fluide de travail - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de remplissage d'un caloduc par un fluide de travail Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006070955A1
WO2006070955A1 PCT/KR2004/003524 KR2004003524W WO2006070955A1 WO 2006070955 A1 WO2006070955 A1 WO 2006070955A1 KR 2004003524 W KR2004003524 W KR 2004003524W WO 2006070955 A1 WO2006070955 A1 WO 2006070955A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat pipe
pressure vessel
working fluid
working
filling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2004/003524
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yeo Yeon Lee
Jae Hoon Cho
Jong Eun Ahn
Original Assignee
Yujin Communication Technology Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yujin Communication Technology Co., Ltd filed Critical Yujin Communication Technology Co., Ltd
Priority to PCT/KR2004/003524 priority Critical patent/WO2006070955A1/fr
Publication of WO2006070955A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006070955A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0283—Means for filling or sealing heat pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for filling a heat pipe with working fluid, and more particularly to the apparatus and method, which can charge a fine heat pipe having a small diameter with the working fluid.
  • FIG. 1 shows the operation principle of a general heat pipe.
  • a body 101 of the heat pipe includes an evaporation section 102 (a heat absorbing section) , an adiabatic section
  • Working fluid absorbs heat at the evaporation section 102 contacting a heat source, is diffused in vapor inside the body 101 of the heat pipe, travels along the heat transferring section 103, and dissipates the heat at the condensation section 104.
  • the vaporized working fluid dissipating the heat is condensed at the condensation section 104, and then to be in turn changed into the liquid phase again. Then, the working fluid returns along a wall of the wick of the heat pipe to the evaporation section 102.
  • the working fluid inside the heat pipe repeatedly carries out the condensation and evaporation processes such as, so as to transfer the heat.
  • the temperature of the evaporation section 102 and the heat transferring section 103 is higher than that of the condensation section 104.
  • the vapor pressure at each section is a saturated vapor pressure.
  • the pressure of the evaporation section 102 and the heat transferring section 103 is higher than that of the condensation section 104.
  • the vapor travels through the heat transferring section 103 from the evaporation section 102 to the condensation section 104.
  • the heat transfer is very rapidly performed at a speed similar to the speed of sound.
  • the performance of the heat pipe can be influenced by various parameters such as the wick structure circulating the working fluid, the nature of the working fluid, the filling amount of the working fluid, the degree of vacuum and the cleanness in the body of the heat pipe, and the like. Specially, as the heat pipe becomes fine, it becomes important to charge the heat pipe with the working fluid in the process of manufacturing the heat pipe.
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a conventional steam blowing process of filling the heat pipe with the working fluid.
  • the working fluid is first injected into the heat pipe and then the heat pipe is sealed (FIG. 2a) .
  • the sealed heat pipe is heated. Accordingly, gas (including air and inert gases such as argon gas) contained in the heat pipe before sealing are mixed with the vapor of the working fluid and the inside of the heat pipe is filled up with the mixed gas (FIG. 2b) .
  • gas including air and inert gases such as argon gas
  • FIG. 2c the mixed gas containing impurities
  • the conventional steam blowing process has a disadvantage that it cannot be applied to a micro heat pipe having a small diameter or a flat plate micro heat pipe.
  • its small diameter makes it difficult to inject the working fluid into the heat pipe.
  • the working fluid is injected into the heat pipe, all of the working fluid is blown off through the opening of the heat pipe in an instant when the opening of heat pipe heated is opened(see FIG. 2c) . Therefore, it is almost impossible to charge the heat pipe with the working fluid at a predetermined amount.
  • Korean patent laid-open publication no. 2003-0053424 discloses fine heat pipes having polygon-sectional shapes, which are made by using extruding and drawning processes.
  • capillary force occurring at each corner of the polygon-sectional shape allows the working fluid to move, thereby permitting the heat pipe to be minute.
  • the conventional heat pipe has a mesh type of wick structure formed of a copper net, or a sintered type of wick structure in which fine copper particles are sintered in order to circulate the working fluid. Since the conventional heat pipe has to have such wick structure inside the body thereof, there is a limitation to reduce the diameter of the heat pipe.
  • the corners of the polygon sectional shape play the role of the wick structure.
  • the fine heat pipe may have a wickless type wick structure, thereby reducing the diameter of the heat pipe below 3mm.
  • the method for filling the heat pipe with working fluid using a vacuum pump and an injector has been proposed.
  • the vacuum pump is connected to the fine heat pipe in order to make the inside thereof vacuum.
  • the working fluid is injected up into the heat pipe by vacuum sucking pressure.
  • some of the working fluid is removed by using the injector so that a predetermined amount of the working fluid remains in the heat pipe.
  • the remained working fluid is frozen by using liquefied nitrogen.
  • the heat pipe is made to be evacuated by using the vacuum pump. At this time, since the remained working fluid in the heat pipe is frozen, it does not get out accompanying the vacuum sucking pressure of the vacuum pump while making the heat pipe vacuum inside.
  • the internal portion of the heat pipe becomes vacuum state filled partially with working fluid at a predetermined amount.
  • the method for filling the heat pipe with working fluid like using the vacuum pump and the injector has complicated processing steps including the step of removing some of the injected working fluid while leaving a predetermined amount of the working fluid, a freezing step, and the like.
  • considering an aperture of a needle of the injector it is difficult to leave the adequately predetermined amount of the working fluid.
  • the vacuum pump makes the internal portion of the heat pipe vacuum as leaving the frozen working fluid, some of the working fluid can be lost.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for filling a heat pipe with working fluid, which can charge a fine heat pipe having a small diameter with the working fluid.
  • a method for filling working fluid within a heat pipe which comprises; a steam injecting step of injecting a working vapor into the heat pipe through a lower end thereof, the lower end of the heat pipe being opened and the upper end of the heat pipe being closed; a blowing step of opening the upper end of the heat pipe to discharge a mixed gas containing air and the working vapor; a working vapor filling step of closing the upper end of the heat pipe to fill the inside of thereof with working vapor after the blowing step; and a sealing step of closing the lower end of the heat pipe.
  • an apparatus for filling a heat pipe with working fluid which comprises: a pressure vessel containing working fluid and working vapor vaporized from the working fluid, and having an opening through which the working vapor can be communicated with the outside and a control valve mounted near the opening in order to control the closing and the opening of the working vapor to flow through the opening; a connection tube for connecting the opening of the pressure vessel to the inside of heat pipe so that the working vapor in the pressure vessel can flow along the connection tube into the heat pipe; and a heating coil for overheating the pressure vessel.
  • the heat pipe transfers heat under even a little temperature difference condition by using a latent vapor heat of the working fluid therein without using power.
  • the performance of the heat pipe is greatly influenced by filing of the working fluid. That is, the performance of the heat pipe is influenced by accurate injection of the working fluid, a filling amount of the working fluid, the degree of a vacuum, and a chemical reactivity between the working fluid and the heat pipe, and so on.
  • the working fluid chemically is responsive to materials of the heat pipe
  • the working fluid circulates in the heat pipe while reacting to the heat pipe, to generate inert gases.
  • these inert gases prevent the circulation of the working fluid, thereby causing degradation of the performance and the lifetime of the heat pipe. Therefore, the heat pipe and the working fluid are preferably selected from materials which do not chemically react to each other. If the heat pipe is made of copper, pure water is used as the working fluid. If the heat pipe is made of aluminum, acetone is used as the working fluid.
  • the present invention uses a steam injection process to make it possible to inject the working fluid into the heat pipe having a smaller diameter than 3mm.
  • the steam injection process uses characteristics of fluid and gas in which a volume of fluid greatly increase by vaporization, a density of gases increases according to the increase of the gas pressure under a constant temperature condition, and various gases are easily and uniformly mixed under a normal condition.
  • working vapor can be injected into the fine heat pipe having a 1.5mm ⁇ 3.0mm diameter by the steam injection.
  • the working vapor of a high density injected into the heat pipe is uniformly mixed with air and inert gases contained in the heat pipe, and then some of the working vapor capturing the air and the inert gases is discharged outside.
  • the heat pipe is sealed in the state of the pure working vapor filled in the heat pipe.
  • the working vapor is fully filled in the heat pipe when it is in vapor state.
  • the working vapor is cooled and liquefied, its volume is greatly reduced.
  • all spaces in the heat pipe become vacuum state, excepting for the space the working fluid occupies.
  • the steam injection process can make it accomplished to evacuate the inside of the heat pipe and to fill the inside of the heat pipe with the working fluid.
  • the vapor of high temperature has a characteristic similar to that of an ideal gas so as to satisfy the equation of state for the ideal gas.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional heat pipe
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a conventional steam blowing process
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of an apparatus for filling a heat pipe with working fluid, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a method for filling a heat pipe with working fluid, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the method for filling a heat pipe with working fluid, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a process of filling a pressure vessel with the working vapor, according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing a characteristic for a method of filling a heat pipe with working fluid, according to the present invention.
  • an apparatus for filling a heat pipe with working fluid includes a pressure vessel 10, a connection tube 20, and a heating coil 30.
  • the pressure vessel 10 may contain the working fluid and working vapor vaporized from the working fluid.
  • the pressure vessel 10 has an opening 12 through which the working vapor flows. Further, the pressure vessel 10 has a control valve 15 mounted near the opening 12 in order to control the flow of the working vapor through the opening 12 of the pressure vessel 10 by closing and opening the opening 12.
  • connection tube 20 is bridged between the opening 12 of the pressure vessel 10 and the heat pipe 1.
  • a fill tube is used as the connection tube 20 and the end of the heat pipe is connected to one end of the fill tube. More specifically, one end of the fill tube 20 is connected to the opening 12 of the pressure vessel 10 and the other end of the fill tube 20 is connected to the lower end of heat pipe 1.
  • the working fluid contained in the pressure vessel 10 is that fluid to be filled within the heat pipe 1. Therefore, if the heat pipe is made of copper material, water is used as the working fluid. If the heat pipe is made of aluminum material, acetone is used as the working fluid.
  • the pressure vessel 10 provides the working fluid to an internal portion of the heat pipe 1, the working fluid contained in the pressure vessel must not contain inert gases. Therefore, the pressure vessel is made of the material which does not chemically react with working fluid in order to prevent inert gases from being generated. Considering that water or acetone is commercially available as the working fluid, the pressure vessel 10 is preferably made from stainless steel.
  • the present invention includes a heating coil 30 in order to heat the pressure vessel 10.
  • the heating coil 30 is installed in one body with the pressure vessel 10 to heat the pressure vessel 10.
  • the internal temperature of the pressure vessel 10 is capable of being controlled at a required temperature through the control of the caloric value of the heating coil 30.
  • the present invention also includes a temperature sensor 40 which senses the temperature in the pressure vessel 10 and a pressure sensor 50 which senses the pressure in the pressure vessel 10. The values of the temperature sensor 40 and the pressure sensor 50 are displayed respectively on a display 45, 55.
  • the internal temperature of the pressure vessel 10 can be checked through the temperature sensor 40 to control the caloric value of the heating coil 30 so that the heating coil heats the pressure vessel 10 to be overheated and maintains the internal temperature constantly.
  • the heating coil 30 can be connected to a wattmeter 62 and a variable transformer (a slidacs) 64 for the control of the caloric value.
  • the wattmeter 62 displays an amount of electric power provided to the heating coil 30 and the variable transformer 64 controls the electric power provided to the heating coil 30. Therefore, it is possible to control the electric power by means of the variable transformer 64 with taking a view of values displayed on the wattmeter 62 in order to maintain the internal temperature of the pressure vessel 10 at the required temperature.
  • the apparatus for filling a heat pipe with the working fluid can be constructed to have automatic controlling system which controls the operation of the following apparatuses, including controller (not shown in Figs.)
  • the method for filling a heat pipe with the working fluid according to the present invention includes a steam injection step S30, a blowing step S40, a the working vapor filling step s50, and a sealing step S60.
  • a injection the working vapor of the steam injection step s30 is performed after performing a pressure vessel connecting step slO and a fluid communication step s20.
  • the pressure vessel 10 is filled with the working vapor through performing a working fluid injection step sllO, a mixed gas filling step sl20, a mixed gas discharging step sl30 and a working vapor filling step 140.
  • the steam injection step S30 according to the present invention is to inject the working vapor into the inside of the heat pipe 1 through the lower end of the heat pipe.
  • the working vapor means the working fluid vaporized by heating.
  • the work vapor injected into the heat pipe is provided from the pressure vessel 10. Referring to FIG. 6, the process of filling the pressure vessel 10 with the working vapor will be described.
  • the working fluid is injected into the pressure vessel 10 in the step sllO.
  • the control valve 15 disposed near the opening 12 is closed after the injection of the working fluid so as to stop fluid communication with the outside of the pressure vessel and isolate the inside of the pressure vessel 10 from the outside of the pressure vessel 10.
  • the variable transformer 64 is operated to supply the electricity to the heating coil 30, so as to allow the heating coil 30 to heat the pressure vessel 10.
  • the heating coil 30 heats the pressure vessel 10 to be overheated.
  • the working fluid is water
  • the pressure vessel 10 is heated to a temperature of 110 0 C ⁇ 130°C above the evaporation point.
  • the mixed gas filling step 120 is performed.
  • the working fluid When the working fluid is heated, the working fluid changes into the working vapor and the pressure in the pressure vessel 10 gradually increases by the working vapor. Since the volume of the working fluid increases highly in the vaporization of the working fluid and the density increases when the pressure increases under an identical temperature condition, the inside of the pressure vessel 10 comes in a state of high temperature and high density due to the working vapor continuously supplied thereto and having highly increased volume. Since the gases have a characteristic of being uniformly mixed with one another, the working vapor is uniformly mixed with air and inert gases existing in the pressure vessel 10 and the inside of the pressure vessel 10 is filled up with the mixed gas of high temperature and high density.
  • the mixed gas discharging step sl30 is performed.
  • the control valve 15 is operated to open the opening 12 of the pressure vessel 10 and to discharge the mixed gas out of the pressure vessel 10. Since the pressure vessel 10 is overheated, the working vapor is continuously supplied from the working fluid. Further, the pressure in the pressure vessel 10 decreases slightly because the opening 12 is opened. However, as the pressure of the inside of the pressure vessel 10 still is higher than the pressure of the outside of the pressure vessel 10, and as the working vapor is continuously supplied by the vaporization of the working fluid, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pressure vessel 10 allows the discharge of the mixed gas from the pressure vessel 10, but does not permit the introduction of outer air into the pressure vessel 10. Therefore, the mixed gas in the inside of the pressure vessel 10 gradually is replaced by pure working vapor.
  • the control valve 15 is closed to stop discharging gas through the opening 12.
  • the pressure vessel 10 is filled with only pure working vapor vaporized from the working fluid.
  • the caloric value is uniformly controlled so that the internal portion of the pressure vessel 10 is fully filled with the working vapor in a constant temperature and pressure.
  • the volume of the pressure vessel is determined and the pressure of gases in the pressure vessel changes with relation to the temperature. Therefore, when the temperature of the pressure vessel 10 is controlled by governing the caloric value of the heating coil 30, the pressure of the pressure vessel can be controlled constantly during filling the working vapor within the pressure vessel.
  • the pressure vessel connecting step slO is performed in which the fill tube 20 connects the opening 12 of the pressure vessel 10 to the lower end of the heat pipe 1 of which the lower end is open and the upper end is closed.
  • the closing of the heat pipe 1 is performed by cool welding such as a pinch-off junction.
  • the pinch-off junction is generally referred to as the cool welding, in which the heat pipe is pinched with a nipper and bent due to a grip of the nipper. The bent portions of the heat pipe are in line contact with each other and adhered to each other.
  • the pinch- off junction is performed under a normal temperature and a certain pressure, so it is referred to as the cool welding in order to distinguish the pinch-off junction from the general welding.
  • the closing of the heat pipe made of material which has a sufficient ductility, such as aluminum or copper, can be performed by using the cool welding such as the pinch-off junction.
  • a closing or sealing process refers to a process of the junction of the end of the heat pipe in order to close and seal the end of the heat pipe.
  • the fluid communication step s20 is performed.
  • the control valve 15 is open so that the working vapor in the pressure vessel is communicable to the inside of the heat pipe of which the upper end is closed and the lower end is open.
  • the working vapor can be injected from the inside of pressure vessel 10 into the inside of the heat pipe 1 because of the pressure difference between the inside of the pressure vessel and the heat pipe.
  • the working vapor is injected inside the heat pipe, as the working vapor is provided to the inside of heat pipe, the working vapor is uniformly mixed with air existing within the heat pipe and the inside of the heat pipe becomes filled with a mixed gas of the high temperature and high density.
  • the upper end of the heat pipe is opened to discharge the mixed gas out of the heat pipe due to the pressure difference, the mixed gas consisting of the working vapor and the air gases filled in the heat pipe.
  • the working vapor is continuously provided through the lower end of the heat pipe 1 from the pressure vessel 10.
  • the heat pipe is closed again at its upper end and filled with the working vapor. It is possible to maintain the internal pressure and temperature of the pressure vessel 10 at a constant state when capable of controlling the caloric amount of the heat coil 30 even if the internal pressure of the pressure vessel 10 is reduced slightly due to opening the upper end of the heat pipe 1.
  • the pressure in the pressure vessel 10 decreases slightly because the upper end of the heat pipe is opened and the inside of the heat pipe is in fluid communication with the inside of the pressure 10.
  • the temperature and pressure in the pressure vessel 10 can be governed uniformly through controlling the caloric value of the heat pipe 30. That is, since the inside of the heat pipe 1 and the inside of the pressure 10 are fluid-movably connected to each other to come under the condition of the same temperature and pressure, maintaining the inside of the pressure vessel 10 at a constant temperature and pressure through the heating coil 30 leads the heat pipe 1 to be filled at the state of the constant temperature and pressure.
  • the filling amount of the working vapor contained in the heat pipe 1 is determined based on the temperature and the pressure of the inside of the heat pipe 1, if the temperature and the pressure in the heat pipe 1 is controlled uniformly during filling the heat pipe with the working vapor in a mass production process, the filling amount of the working fluid contained in the heat pipe 1 can be controlled uniformly.
  • the amount of the working fluid contained in the heat pipe 1 can be determined precisely. Under the condition as to an equation of the state of the ideal gas, the volume condition is determined constantly according to the heat pipe and the pressure is changed in proportion to the temperature.
  • the heat pipe 1 is closed at its lower end and sealed at the state of the working vapor being filled inside the heat pipe at a predetermined amount.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing a characteristic of the method for filling a heat pipe with working fluid according to the present invention.
  • the fine heat pipe can be charged precisely with a selected amount of working fluid, based on the change of parameters of the temperature and the pressure of the pressure vessel.
  • the filling amount of the working fluid is measured in a solution state before a vacuum step
  • the amount of the working fluid may be changed in the vacuum step, thereby making it difficult to accurately control the amount of the working fluid filled within the heat pipe.
  • the amount of the working fluid injected into the heat pipe can be directly controlled, thereby filling a heat pipe with working fluid more precisely.
  • the present invention does not require the conventional process of filling inside each heat pipe with a predetermined solution to reheat it for gas removal or cooling quickly the heat pipe for making it vacuum again.
  • the working vapor can be continuously provided to the heat pipes, thereby improving the productivity.
  • the present invention can control accurately the amount of the working fluid filled within the heat pipe.
  • the steam injection allows the working vapor to flow into the heat pipe due to the pressure difference, thereby filling the fine heat pipe with the working fluid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de remplissage d'un caloduc par un fluide de travail, le procédé comprenant: une étape d'injection de vapeur consistant à injecter de la vapeur de travail dans le caloduc par son extrémité inférieure, l'extrémité inférieure du caloduc étant ouverte et l'extrémité supérieure du caloduc étant fermée; une étape de soufflage consistant à ouvrir l'extrémité supérieure du caloduc pour évacuer une mélange gazeux contenant de l'eau et la vapeur de travail; une étape de remplissage par de la vapeur de travail consistant à fermer l'extrémité supérieure du caloduc pour en remplir l'intérieur de vapeur de travail suite à l'étape de soufflage; et une étape d'obturation étanche consistant à fermer l'extrémité inférieure du caloduc. L'invention concerne également un appareil mettant en oeuvre ce procédé.
PCT/KR2004/003524 2004-12-30 2004-12-30 Procede et appareil de remplissage d'un caloduc par un fluide de travail WO2006070955A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2004/003524 WO2006070955A1 (fr) 2004-12-30 2004-12-30 Procede et appareil de remplissage d'un caloduc par un fluide de travail

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR2004/003524 WO2006070955A1 (fr) 2004-12-30 2004-12-30 Procede et appareil de remplissage d'un caloduc par un fluide de travail

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WO2006070955A1 true WO2006070955A1 (fr) 2006-07-06

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8659042B2 (en) 2010-12-21 2014-02-25 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Integrated reflector and thermal spreader and thermal spray fabrication method
US8695687B2 (en) 2010-12-10 2014-04-15 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Hybrid pin-fin micro heat pipe heat sink and method of fabrication

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0996495A (ja) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-08 Fujikura Ltd 中高温用ヒートパイプの製造方法
JPH1038485A (ja) * 1996-07-25 1998-02-13 Fujikura Ltd ヒートパイプの作動流体封入方法および器具
JP2720365B2 (ja) * 1991-03-13 1998-03-04 株式会社フジクラ ヒートパイプの製造方法
JP2743014B2 (ja) * 1989-08-10 1998-04-22 株式会社フジクラ ヒートパイプにおける作動流体の封入方法
KR20000051935A (ko) * 1999-01-28 2000-08-16 김평동 히트파이프 제조방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2743014B2 (ja) * 1989-08-10 1998-04-22 株式会社フジクラ ヒートパイプにおける作動流体の封入方法
JP2720365B2 (ja) * 1991-03-13 1998-03-04 株式会社フジクラ ヒートパイプの製造方法
JPH0996495A (ja) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-08 Fujikura Ltd 中高温用ヒートパイプの製造方法
JPH1038485A (ja) * 1996-07-25 1998-02-13 Fujikura Ltd ヒートパイプの作動流体封入方法および器具
KR20000051935A (ko) * 1999-01-28 2000-08-16 김평동 히트파이프 제조방법

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8695687B2 (en) 2010-12-10 2014-04-15 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Hybrid pin-fin micro heat pipe heat sink and method of fabrication
US8659042B2 (en) 2010-12-21 2014-02-25 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Integrated reflector and thermal spreader and thermal spray fabrication method
US8936954B2 (en) 2010-12-21 2015-01-20 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Integrated reflector and thermal spreader and thermal spray fabrication method

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