WO2006061951A1 - カーボンを用いた燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法、燃料電池用セパレータおよび燃料電池 - Google Patents
カーボンを用いた燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法、燃料電池用セパレータおよび燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006061951A1 WO2006061951A1 PCT/JP2005/019166 JP2005019166W WO2006061951A1 WO 2006061951 A1 WO2006061951 A1 WO 2006061951A1 JP 2005019166 W JP2005019166 W JP 2005019166W WO 2006061951 A1 WO2006061951 A1 WO 2006061951A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- separator
- fuel cell
- sheet
- impregnated
- shape
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0226—Composites in the form of mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0221—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a separator used in a fuel cell, a fuel cell separator, and a fuel cell.
- the above-described method has a drawback in that it is difficult to automate and unmanned due to variations in the thickness of the separator to be molded and a long cycle time.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a high-quality fuel cell separator, a fuel cell separator, and a fuel cell that can reduce costs.
- a fuel cell is formed by assembling a large number of single cells 10 as shown in FIG. 1 in the form of a stack, and is used, for example, as a drive source for an automobile.
- the single cell 10 is a device that can obtain electricity in the process of obtaining water by reacting hydrogen and oxygen by utilizing the reverse principle of electrolysis of water. Diffusion layers 21 A and 21 B and separators 30 A and 30 B are included.
- the membrane electrode assembly 20 is formed by arranging electrodes on which catalyst layers are formed on both sides of a solid polymer membrane.
- the gas diffusion layers 21A and 21B are disposed on both surfaces of the membrane electrode assembly 20.
- the separators 30A and 30B are disposed on the outer surfaces of the gas diffusion layers 21A and 21B.
- Separators 30A and 30B have a shape in which a plurality of concave and convex grooves are continuous.
- cooling water channel grooves 31A for circulating cooling water and fuel gas channel grooves 32 for flowing fuel gas (hydrogen) are alternately formed.
- a cooling water channel groove 31B for circulating cooling water and an oxidant channel groove 33 for circulating oxidizing gas (oxygen) are alternately formed.
- the separators 30A and 30B are carbon materials that are completely or partially impregnated with a shape-retaining material.
- a shape-retaining material for example, a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin is used. Since the separators 30A and 30B need to conduct current, it is preferable that the shape retaining material also has high conductivity.
- a sheet-like carbon W1 shown in FIG. 2A is impregnated with a shape-retaining material 40 to form a sheet-like separator material W2 shown in FIG. 2B, and the sheet-like separator material W2 is shaped into a predetermined shape. It is formed by processing.
- FIG. 2B for the sake of convenience, the portion impregnated with the shape-retaining material is shown in a virtually stacked state for easy understanding.
- the sheet-like carbon W1 has a thickness of 0.01 to: L Omm, a density of 0.8 to 2. Og / cm 3 , an electric conductivity of 0.05 to: L OmQ / cm, and a heat resistance of 100 °. It is a carbon material formed into a sheet shape of C or higher.
- the reason for impregnating the sheet-like carbon W1 with the shape-retaining material 40 is to reliably hold the shape obtained by press-molding carbon.
- the method of impregnating the shape retaining material 40 into the sheet-like carbon W1 differs depending on, for example, the use of a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin as the shape retaining material 40.
- thermosetting resin When thermosetting resin is used, the sheet-like carbon W1 is impregnated with a curable resin dissolved in a solvent to form a varnish, and then dried to volatilize the solvent to obtain a sheet-like separator.
- the material W2 is molded.
- thermosetting resin for example, phenol resin, epoxy resin or unsaturated polyester can be used.
- the sheet-shaped carbon W1 is impregnated with the heat-melted thermoplastic resin and then cooled to form the sheet-shaped separator material W2.
- the thermoplastic resin for example, Teflon, polyester, polysulfide, silicon, polyolefin (PP, PE, etc.), polyamide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide or ethylene vinyl acetate can be used.
- vacuum impregnation, drop impregnation or printing impregnation is appropriately used depending on the characteristics of the shape-retaining material 40, and is performed on the entire surface of the sheet-like carbon W1 or partially.
- the advantage of partly impregnating is that it is impregnated without impregnating parts that are necessary to maintain the shape of the separator after molding, and impregnating parts that conduct electricity when in contact with other members. It is possible to increase.
- the advantages of impregnating the entire surface are that the impregnation process is easy, the shape of the separator after molding can be reliably maintained, and the conductivity is relatively excellent.
- the sheet-like carbon W1 is covered with a mold 50 provided with an opening 51, and a varnish-like thermosetting resin or varnish as shown in FIG.
- the melted thermoplastic resin is discharged from the nozzle 52.
- the sheet-like carbon W 1 is printed and impregnated with the shape-retaining material 40 at the portion corresponding to the opening 51, and as shown in FIG. 3C, the impregnated portion 35 and the non-impregnated portion 36 are alternately formed.
- This operation is performed on both sides or one side of the sheet-like carbon W1, but in the case of both sides, it is also possible to provide the nozzles 52 on both sides and impregnate them simultaneously (not shown). Normally, when impregnation is performed, some shape-retaining material 40 often remains on the surface of the sheet-like carbon W1 alone, so that the grease of the shape-retaining material 40 is removed depending on the case. It is preferable to do this.
- the mold 50 can be arbitrarily changed according to the desired sheet-like separator material W2.
- the desired portion of the sheet-like carbon Wl can be impregnated by changing the above.
- the first embodiment is a method for forming a separator in the case where a thermosetting resin is used for the shape-retaining material 40, and can be applied to both of the sheet-like separator material W2 impregnated on the entire surface or partially.
- the heat source 63 provided in the upper mold 61 and the lower mold 62 is used to convert the upper mold 61 and the lower mold 62 into the thermosetting resin (shape retention) used in the sheet-like separator material W2. Material) Heat above 40 curing temperature.
- a sheet-like separator material W 2 is placed on the lower mold 62.
- the upper mold 61 and the lower mold 62 are brought close to each other to press the sheet-like separator material W2, and are held in this state. During this time, the thermosetting resin is cured and then cured. The upper mold 61 and the lower mold 62 are held until the time necessary for the thermosetting resin to harden, and then the mold is released and the molded separator 30 is taken out.
- thermosetting resin 40 is left on the surface.
- the surface thermosetting resin 40 is removed by shot peeling or the like (see FIG. 5C).
- the carbon material of the separator 30 impregnated with the thermosetting resin 40 can be in direct contact with an adjacent member. Note that when removing the thermosetting resin 40 remaining on the surface, not only the contact surface 34 but also the entire surface of the separator 30 may be used, and the stage of the sheet-like separator material W2 (see FIG. 5A). You may go on.
- the sheet-like carbon W1 is impregnated with the thermosetting resin 40.
- the shape of the separator 30 is not maintained after the pressing force due to the characteristics of the strong-bonding material.
- thermosetting resin 40 is impregnated, press working After that, the shape can be securely held.
- the separator 30 can be in good contact with an adjacent member having a good dimensional accuracy in the plate thickness direction.
- the noble metal is coated to prevent corrosion.
- carbon impregnated with resin does not have a problem of corrosion, so it is necessary to coat the noble metal. Costs can be reduced.
- the method of the present embodiment can reduce the cycle time as compared with the method of compression molding a powdery material, and is easy to automate and unmanned, thereby reducing the cost. can do.
- waste materials are generated in sprues and runners that serve as resin passages in the mold, as well as equipment and metal molds.
- the method according to the present embodiment does not generate waste material, and the cost can be reduced because the equipment and the mold are inexpensive.
- the non-impregnated part 36 not impregnated with the resin is It can be a surface in contact with an adjacent member of the separator 30.
- the separator 30 formed in this way has a resin in the non-impregnated part 36. It is more conductive because it is not impregnated.
- the shape of the separator 30 can be reliably maintained and leakage of cooling water, fuel gas, and oxidizing agent gas can be suppressed.
- the fuel cell is formed by assembling a large number of single cells 10 in the form of a stack.
- the arrows in FIG. 7 exemplify paths through which current flows in the fuel cell.
- the separator 30 according to the present embodiment has excellent dimensional accuracy and is in good contact with an adjacent member, and the non-impregnated portion 36 is not impregnated with the thermosetting resin 40. Therefore, the contact resistance is reduced and the electric resistance is reduced.
- the power density of the fuel cell can be improved.
- leakage of cooling water, fuel gas and oxidant gas can be reduced by the thermosetting resin 40 impregnated in the impregnation portion 35.
- thermosetting resin 40 impregnated with thermosetting resin 40 on the entire surface
- the conductivity is not as high as that of the separator 30 having the non-impregnated portion 36.
- the shape of the separator 30 can be reliably held by the thermosetting resin 40, and leakage of cooling water, fuel gas, and oxidant gas can be more reliably suppressed.
- the second embodiment is a method for forming a separator in the case where a thermoplastic resin is used for the shape-retaining material 40, and the mold and process according to the first embodiment in which a thermosetting resin is used for the shape-retaining material. Is slightly different.
- the method of molding a separator according to the second embodiment can be applied to both the sheet-like separator material W2 impregnated entirely or partially.
- the sheet-like separator material W2 impregnated with the thermoplastic resin (shape retaining material) 40 is heated by a heating source 70 such as a hot plate as shown in FIG. Then, melt the thermoplastic resin 40.
- a heating source 70 such as a hot plate as shown in FIG.
- the sheet-like separator material W2 is installed inside the upper die 61 and the lower die 62 that are cooled to such an extent that they are not rapidly cooled, and pressed as shown in FIG. Hold in this state.
- the thermoplastic resin 40 is cooled and cured by the upper mold 61 and the lower mold 62. After the time required for the thermoplastic resin 40 to harden has elapsed, the mold is released and the separator 30 is taken out.
- the upper die 61 and the lower die 62 were heated by a heating source separately provided in the upper die 61 and the lower die 62, and this heating was performed. After heating and pressurizing the sheet separator material W2 with the upper mold 61 and the lower mold 62, the upper mold 61 and the lower mold 62 can be cooled while being held under pressure.
- the third embodiment is a separator molding method in which an impregnation step of impregnating a shape-retaining material and a press step of molding a separator are performed simultaneously, and a thermosetting resin is used as the shape-retaining material.
- the sheet-like carbon W1 is composed of two sheet-like thermosetting resins. It is sandwiched and placed inside the lower mold 62 heated to a temperature higher than the curing temperature of the curable resin (shape retaining material) 40 used by the heating source 63. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10B, the heated upper die 61 is brought close to the lower die 62 in the same manner as the lower die 62, and the sheet-like carbon W1 and the sheet-like thermosetting resin 41 are pressed and held. To do.
- the sheet-like carbon W1 is formed into a predetermined shape by the upper die 61 and the lower die 62, and at the same time, the heat-curable thermosetting resin is heated and pressurized to press the sheet-like carbon W1. Impregnated into. After the time necessary for the thermosetting resin to harden and retain its shape has elapsed, the mold is released and the separator 30 impregnated with the thermosetting resin 40 is taken out.
- the fourth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment in that the shape holding material, which is a molding method of a separator that simultaneously performs the impregnation step for impregnating the shape holding material and the pressing step for forming the separator, is thermoplastic.
- the mold and the process are slightly different from those of the third embodiment in which a resin is used and a thermosetting resin is used as a shape-retaining material.
- the sheet-like carbon W1 is sandwiched between two sheet-like thermoplastic resins 42 formed into a sheet shape, and the sheet-like thermoplastic resin 42 is heated. Heat with source 70 to melt.
- the heated sheet-like carbon W1 and the sheet-like thermoplastic resin 42 are placed inside the cooled lower mold 62.
- the upper die 61 cooled in the same manner as the lower die 62 is brought close to the lower die 62, and the sheet-like carbon W1 and the sheet-like thermoplastic resin 42 are pressed and held.
- the sheet-like carbon W1 is molded into a predetermined shape by the upper die 61 and the lower die 62, and at the same time, the thermoplastic resin having fluidity is heated and pressurized to press the sheet-like carbon W1. Impregnated. After a time necessary for the thermoplastic resin to cool and harden and retain its shape, it is released from the mold, and the separator 30 impregnated with the thermoplastic resin is taken out.
- the sheet-shaped thermoplastic resin is heated by a separately prepared heating source. Later, the sheet-like carbon Wl and the sheet-like thermoplastic resin 42 are placed in the mold. In the heated mold, the sheet-like carbon W1 and the sheet-like thermoplastic resin 42 are heated at the same time. Press and cool the mold while maintaining that state! / ⁇ .
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and can be variously modified within the scope of the claims.
- the shape of the channel groove of the separator is not limited to a rectangular cross section, and may be a trapezoidal shape or an arc shape, for example.
- the separators 30A and 30B may not be symmetrical.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a principal part showing a single cell of a fuel cell.
- FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing sheet-like carbon
- FIG. 2B is a perspective view showing sheet-like separator material.
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing a case in which a formwork is provided on the sheet-like carbon in order to partially impregnate the sheet-like carbon
- FIG. 3B is a state in which the sheet-like carbon is impregnated with the resin
- FIG. 3C is a perspective view showing a partially impregnated sheet-like separator material.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before the processing of the sheet-shaped separator material by the mold of the first embodiment
- FIG. 4B is a diagram of the sheet-shaped separator material by the mold of the first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after a process.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a sheet-like separator material impregnated with a resin on the entire surface
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a molded separator
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the separator from which is removed.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a sheet-like separator material partially impregnated with greaves
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a molded separator.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a fuel cell using the separator according to the first embodiment.
- ⁇ 8] It is a side view showing a heating source in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before processing of the sheet-shaped separator material by the mold of the second embodiment
- FIG. 9B is a diagram of the sheet-shaped separator material by the mold of the second embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after a process.
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before processing of the sheet-shaped separator material by the mold according to the third embodiment
- FIG. 10B is a diagram of the sheet-shaped separator material by the mold according to the third embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after a process.
- ⁇ 11] A side view showing a heating source in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view showing a state before processing of the sheet-shaped separator material by the mold of the fourth embodiment
- FIG. 12B is a view of the sheet-shaped separator material by the mold of the fourth embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after a process.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-358242 | 2004-12-10 | ||
JP2004358242A JP4882227B2 (ja) | 2004-12-10 | 2004-12-10 | カーボンを用いた燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法および燃料電池用セパレータ |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006061951A1 true WO2006061951A1 (ja) | 2006-06-15 |
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PCT/JP2005/019166 WO2006061951A1 (ja) | 2004-12-10 | 2005-10-19 | カーボンを用いた燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法、燃料電池用セパレータおよび燃料電池 |
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JP (1) | JP4882227B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006061951A1 (ja) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09134732A (ja) * | 1995-11-10 | 1997-05-20 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 薄型導電性ガス不透過基板、その製造方法、燃料電池用スタック構成部材及び燃料電池用スタック |
JP2000164226A (ja) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-16 | Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Ltd | 燃料電池セル用セパレータの製造方法 |
JP2000208153A (ja) * | 1999-01-18 | 2000-07-28 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
JP2000243408A (ja) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-09-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用の金属セパレータおよびその製造方法 |
JP2001076737A (ja) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-23 | Nichias Corp | 燃料電池用セパレーター |
JP2003303598A (ja) * | 2002-04-11 | 2003-10-24 | Jfe Chemical Corp | 固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ成形用金型、該セパレータの製造方法およびセパレータ |
JP2004311031A (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-11-04 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ |
-
2004
- 2004-12-10 JP JP2004358242A patent/JP4882227B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-10-19 WO PCT/JP2005/019166 patent/WO2006061951A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09134732A (ja) * | 1995-11-10 | 1997-05-20 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 薄型導電性ガス不透過基板、その製造方法、燃料電池用スタック構成部材及び燃料電池用スタック |
JP2000164226A (ja) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-16 | Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Ltd | 燃料電池セル用セパレータの製造方法 |
JP2000243408A (ja) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-09-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用の金属セパレータおよびその製造方法 |
JP2000208153A (ja) * | 1999-01-18 | 2000-07-28 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
JP2001076737A (ja) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-23 | Nichias Corp | 燃料電池用セパレーター |
JP2003303598A (ja) * | 2002-04-11 | 2003-10-24 | Jfe Chemical Corp | 固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ成形用金型、該セパレータの製造方法およびセパレータ |
JP2004311031A (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-11-04 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池用セパレータ |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2006164889A (ja) | 2006-06-22 |
JP4882227B2 (ja) | 2012-02-22 |
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