WO2006057510A1 - Ascenseur - Google Patents

Ascenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006057510A1
WO2006057510A1 PCT/KR2005/003958 KR2005003958W WO2006057510A1 WO 2006057510 A1 WO2006057510 A1 WO 2006057510A1 KR 2005003958 W KR2005003958 W KR 2005003958W WO 2006057510 A1 WO2006057510 A1 WO 2006057510A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cage
weight
balance
shaft
winch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2005/003958
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2006057510A8 (fr
Inventor
Soon Gil Jang
Original Assignee
Soon Gil Jang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020050070849A external-priority patent/KR20060059163A/ko
Application filed by Soon Gil Jang filed Critical Soon Gil Jang
Priority to JP2007542910A priority Critical patent/JP2008521726A/ja
Priority to MX2007006288A priority patent/MX2007006288A/es
Priority to EP05820712A priority patent/EP1817254A1/fr
Priority to AU2005307931A priority patent/AU2005307931A1/en
Priority to US11/576,784 priority patent/US20090014250A1/en
Publication of WO2006057510A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006057510A1/fr
Publication of WO2006057510A8 publication Critical patent/WO2006057510A8/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B66B11/043—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation
    • B66B11/0484—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals actuated by rotating motor; Details, e.g. ventilation with a clutch or a coupling system between several motors, e.g. switching different speeds, progressive starting, torque limitation, flywheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, in general, to elevators which are mechanical devices for vertically carrying passengers or cargo and, more particularly, to an elevator which has an improved structure such that a balance weight offsets the weight of a cage, passengers and cargo to the utmost, according to changes in weight of the passengers and cargo, thus reducing power consumption of the elevator.
  • an elevator includes a cage 1, which is loaded with cargo or passengers, a balance weight 2, which is coupled to the cage 1 through a wire rope 4, and a pulley 3, around which the wire rope 4 is wrapped.
  • the pulley 3 is coupled to an electromotor, so that it is rotated in a direction using power of the electromotor, thus lifting the cage 1.
  • the balance weight 2 is set such that it has a predetermined weight N.
  • the sum of the weight M of the cage and a weight P of passengers and cargo is not constant, that is, it is variable according to circumstances.
  • the electromotor consumes a large amount of power to respond to variable weight.
  • the conventional elevator has a structure in which the balance weight 2 is coupled to the cage 1 using the pulley 3.
  • the balance weight 2 cannot perfectly offset the weight of the cage 1, because the weight of the passengers and cargo is variable. Accordingly, an elevator in which a balance weight can offset the weight of a cage as much as possible depending on a change in weight of passengers and cargo so as to reduce power consumption has been required.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator which has an improved structure such that a balance weight offsets the weight of a cage, passengers and cargo to the utmost, according to changes in weight of the passengers and cargo, thus reducing power consumption.
  • the present invention provides an elevator operated between a lowermost floor and an uppermost floor of a building to carry passengers and cargo, the elevator including: an electromotor; a cage provided in the building so as to be raised for carrying the passengers and cargo; a cage winch rotated by the electromotor, so that a wire rope coupled to the cage is wound around or unwound from the cage winch; a balance weight providing a predetermined load to balance a weight of the cage and a weight of the passengers and cargo to be carried by the cage; a balance weight winch rotated using power transmitted from the cage winch to raise the balance weight; an electronic control transmission provided between the balance weight winch and the cage winch to selectively transmit power therebetween, the electronic control transmission being set into a predetermined gear ratio depending on an input signal and transmitting power between the winches; and a control unit to control the electronic control transmission in consideration of the weight of the cage, the passengers and the cargo, a weight of the balance weight, and positions of the cage and balance weight, so that the electronic control transmission is
  • the elevator may further include a wire rope coupled to each of the cage and the balance weight such that an end of the wire rope is in contact with a bottom of the lowermost floor of the building.
  • the cage winch may be provided on a drive shaft which is coupled between the electronic control transmission and the electromotor, and the balance weight winch may be provided on a driven shaft, which is coupled to the electronic control transmission so that power is transmitted from the drive shaft to the driven shaft.
  • the balance weight may comprise a plurality of balance weights, and the balance weight winch may comprise a plurality of balance weight winches.
  • the elevator may further include a driven shaft coupled to the balance weight winches and receiving power from a drive shaft through the electronic control transmission; and a plurality of electronic control clutches, each of the electronic control clutches provided between the driven shaft and each of the balance weight winches and selectively operated by the control unit to transmit power therebetween.
  • the electronic control transmission includes: a brake provided on the drive shaft; a plurality of sliding gears having different radii and slidably provided on the drive shaft; and a plurality of stationary gears provided on the driven shaft at predetermined positions and selectively geared with the plurality of sliding gears.
  • Each of the electronic control clutches may include: a stationary gear provided on the driven shaft; a brake provided on a shaft of the balance weight winch; and a sliding gear provided on the shaft of the balance weight winch and selectively engaging with the stationary gear.
  • the electronic control transmission may include: a first brake provided on the drive shaft; a second brake provided on the driven shaft; a plurality of sliding gears having different radii and movably provided on the drive shaft; and a plurality of stationary gears provided on the driven shaft and selectively geared with the plurality of sliding gears.
  • the electronic control transmission may comprise a continuously variable transmission.
  • the present invention provides an elevator operated between a lowermost floor and an uppermost floor of a building to carry passengers and cargo, the elevator including: an electromotor; a cage provided in the building so as to be raised for carrying the passengers and cargo; a first winch rotated by the electromotor, so that a wire rope coupled to the cage is wound around or unwound from the first winch; a balance maintenance member providing a predetermined load to balance a weight of the cage and a weight of the passengers and cargo to be carried by the cage; a second winch rotated using power transmitted from the first winch to lift the balance weight; an electronic control transmission provided between the first and second winches to selectively transmit power therebetween, the electronic control transmission being set into a predetermined gear ratio depending on an input signal and transmitting power from the first winch to the second winch; and a control unit to control the electronic control transmission in consideration of the weight of the cage, the passengers and the cargo, the load of the balance maintenance member, and a position of the cage, so that the electronic control transmission
  • the balance maintenance member may include a chain structure weight, having a predetermined length and a predetermined weight, placed at a first end thereof on a bottom of the building and placed at a second end thereof at an upper position of the building, the chain structure weight wrapped around the second winch, so that, when the second winch is rotated in a direction, the chain structure weight passes over the second winch and is moved towards one end, which is placed on the bottom or at the upper position, and a remaining end thereof is pulled out.
  • a chain structure weight having a predetermined length and a predetermined weight, placed at a first end thereof on a bottom of the building and placed at a second end thereof at an upper position of the building, the chain structure weight wrapped around the second winch, so that, when the second winch is rotated in a direction, the chain structure weight passes over the second winch and is moved towards one end, which is placed on the bottom or at the upper position, and a remaining end thereof is pulled out.
  • the chain structure weight may include: a plurality of bars each having a pre ⁇ determined length and weight; and a chain roller having a predetermined length and rotatably supporting each of opposite ends of the bars.
  • the second winch may include a sprocket wheel unit to move the chain rollers.
  • the elevator may further include a wire rope coupled to a lower end of the cage such that an end thereof contacts the bottom of the building.
  • the first winch may be provided on a drive shaft which is coupled between the electromotor and the electronic control transmission
  • the second winch may be provided on a driven shaft which is coupled to the electronic control transmission so that power is transmitted from the drive shaft to the driven shaft.
  • the present invention provides an elevator operated between a lowermost floor and an uppermost floor of a building to carry passengers and cargo, the elevator including: an electromotor; a cage provided in the building so as to be raised for carrying the passengers and cargo; a cage winch rotated by the electromotor, so that a wire rope coupled to the cage is wound around or unwound from the first winch; a balance maintenance means for providing a predetermined load to balance a weight of the cage and a weight of the passengers and cargo to be carried by the cage; an electronic control transmission provided between the cage winch and the balance maintenance means to selectively transmit power therebetween, the electronic control transmission being set into a predetermined gear ratio depending on an input signal and transmitting power from the cage winch to the balance maintenance means; and a control unit to control the electronic control transmission in consideration of the weight of the cage, the weight of the passengers and cargo, the load of the balance maintenance means, and a position of the cage, so that the electronic control transmission is set into a gear ratio such that the weight of the
  • the balance maintenance means may include: upper and lower liquid tanks each containing liquid therein; and a liquid carrying unit operated in conjunction with a driven shaft, which receives power from a drive shaft of the cage winch through the electronic control transmission, the liquid carrying unit moving liquid from either the upper or lower liquid tank to the remaining one, thus varying potential energy.
  • the liquid carrying unit may include: a pipe connecting the upper liquid tank to the lower liquid tank; at least one hydraulic motor provided on the pipe; and a rotating shaft coupled at an end thereof to the drive shaft, so that, when the rotating shaft is rotated, the hydraulic motor is operated.
  • the rotating shaft and the driven shaft may be coupled to each other using bevel gears.
  • the hydraulic motor may comprise a plurality of hydraulic motors, and the plurality of hydraulic motors may be connected to each other by at least one method of serial and parallel connection methods.
  • the rotating shaft may be disposed such that the plurality of hydraulic motors share the rotating shaft.
  • the elevator may further include a wire rope coupled to a lower end of the cage such that an end thereof contacts the bottom of the building.
  • the liquid carrying unit may include: a closed-loop-type carrying chain provided via the upper and lower liquid tanks, the carrying chain being movable in opposite directions; a plurality of buckets provided on the carrying chain at regular intervals, so that, when the carrying chain moves in a direction, the buckets carry liquid from either the upper or lower liquid tank to the remaining one according to the direction in which the carrying chain moves; and a sprocket wheel unit provided on the drive shaft to move the carrying chain.
  • Each of the buckets may include a pair of protruding rods thereon, and each of the upper and lower liquid tanks may include a stop plate therein, so that, when the protruding rods of the buckets are caught by the stop plate, liquid is spilled from the bucket into the upper or lower liquid tank.
  • the balance maintenance means may include: an airtight liquefied gas tank storing liquefied gas therein; an airtight high-pressure liquid tank connected to the liquefied gas tank and containing therein liquid and liquefied gas allowed to flow into the liquefied gas tank; an atmospheric pressure liquid tank connected to the high-pressure liquid tank through a pipe and containing therein liquid at an atmospheric pressure; a hydraulic motor provided on the pipe, so that liquid is carried from either the high- pressure liquid tank or the atmospheric pressure liquid tank into the remaining one according to a rotating direction of the hydraulic motor; and a rotating shaft operated by the driven shaft, which receives power from the drive shaft of the cage winch through the electronic control transmission, thus operating the hydraulic motor.
  • the present invention provides an elevator operated between a lowermost floor and an uppermost floor of a building to carry passengers and cargo, the elevator including: an electromotor; a cage provided in the building so as to be raised for carrying the passengers and cargo; a balance weight having a predetermined weight corresponding to the cage and moved in a direction opposite the cage to balance therebetween; a closed- loop-type wire rope coupling the cage and the balance weight to each other; a cage winch rotated by the electromotor and moving the wire rope; a balance pulley provided at a position corresponding to the cage winch to support the movement of the wire rope; an electronic control transmission provided between a shaft of the balance pulley and a driven shaft, which selectively receives power from the shaft of the balance pulley; a control unit to control the electronic control transmission; and a balance maintenance means operated by the driven shaft and for providing a load to the drive shaft, thus offsetting a weight of the passengers and cargo carried by the cage.
  • the balance maintenance means may include: an airtight liquefied gas tank storing liquefied gas therein; an airtight high-pressure liquid tank connected to the liquefied gas tank and containing therein liquid and liquefied gas allowed to flow into the liquefied gas tank; an atmospheric pressure liquid tank connected to the high-pressure liquid tank through a pipe and containing therein liquid at an atmospheric pressure; and a hydraulic motor provided on the pipe and moving liquid from either the high- pressure liquid tank or the atmospheric pressure liquid tank into the remaining one according to a rotating direction thereof, and the driven shaft may be a rotating shaft of the hydraulic motor.
  • the present invention provides an elevator operated between a lowermost floor and an uppermost floor of a building to carry passengers and cargo, the elevator including: an electromotor; a cage provided in the building so as to be raised for carrying the passengers and cargo; a cage winch rotated by the electromotor, so that a wire rope coupled to the cage is wound around or unwound from the first winch; a balance maintenance means for providing a predetermined load to balance against a weight of the cage and a weight of the passengers and cargo to be carried by the cage; a brake provided between the cage winch and the balance maintenance means to selectively interrupt power transmission therebetween; and a control unit to control both the brake and the balance maintenance means in consideration of the weight of the cage, the weight of the passengers and cargo, the load of the balance maintenance means, and a position of the cage, such that the weight of the cage side is balanced with the load of the balance maintenance means.
  • the balance maintenance means includes: upper and lower liquid tanks each containing liquid therein; a pipe connecting the upper liquid tank to the lower liquid tank; and an electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor provided on the pipe and controlled by the control unit such that an output torque and a rotating speed thereof are controlled by adjusting a dis ⁇ placement volume per one revolution of an output shaft of the hydraulic motor which is coupled to a shaft of the brake.
  • the output shaft of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor and the shaft of the brake may be coupled to each other using bevel gears.
  • the elevator may further include a wire rope coupled to a lower end of the cage such that an end thereof contacts the bottom of the building.
  • the present invention provides an elevator operated between a lowermost floor and an uppermost floor of a building to carry passengers and cargo, the elevator including: an electromotor; a cage provided in the building so as to be raised for carrying the passengers and cargo; a balance weight having a predetermined weight corresponding to the cage and moved in a direction opposite the cage to balance therebetween; a closed- loop-type wire rope coupling the cage and the balance weight to each other; a cage winch rotated by the electromotor and moving the wire rope; a balance pulley provided at a position corresponding to the cage winch to support the movement of the wire rope; an electronic control brake having a brake shaft and coupled to a shaft of the balance pulley, so that the electronic control brake is operated using power selectively transmitted from the shaft of the balance pulley; balance maintenance means operated by the brake shaft and for providing a load to the shaft of the balance pulley, thus offsetting a weight of both the passengers and cargo carried by the cage; and a control unit to control operation of the balance maintenance
  • the balance maintenance means may include: an airtight liquefied gas tank storing liquefied gas therein; an airtight high-pressure liquid tank connected to the liquefied gas tank and containing therein liquid and liquefied gas allowed to flow into the liquefied gas tank; an atmospheric pressure liquid tank connected to the high-pressure liquid tank through a pipe and containing therein liquid at an atmospheric pressure; and an electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor provided on the pipe, so that liquid is carried from either the high-pressure liquid tank or the atmospheric pressure liquid tank into the remaining one according to a rotating direction of the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor being controlled by the control unit such that an output torque and a rotating speed thereof are controlled by adjusting a displacement volume per one revolution of an output shaft of the hydraulic motor, and the shaft of the brake may be coupled to the output shaft of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor.
  • the shaft of the brake may be integrated with the output shaft.
  • the present invention provides an elevator operated between a lowermost floor and an uppermost floor of a building to carry passengers and cargo, the elevator including: an electromotor; a cage provided in the building so as to be raised for carrying the passengers and cargo; a balance weight having a predetermined weight corresponding to the cage and moved in a direction opposite the cage to balance therebetween; a closed- loop-type wire rope coupling the cage and the balance weight to each other; a cage winch rotated by the electromotor and moving the wire rope; a balance pulley provided at a position corresponding to the cage winch to support the movement of the wire rope; an electronic control brake having a brake shaft and coupled to a shaft of the cage winch so that the electronic control brake is operated using power selectively transmitted from the shaft of the cage winch; a balance maintenance means operated by the brake shaft and for providing a load to the shaft of the balance pulley, thus offsetting a weight of both the passengers and cargo carried by the cage; and a control unit to control operation of the balance maintenance means
  • the balance maintenance means may include: an airtight liquefied gas tank storing liquefied gas therein; an airtight high-pressure liquid tank connected to the liquefied gas tank and containing therein liquid and liquefied gas allowed to flow into the liquefied gas tank; an atmospheric pressure liquid tank connected to the high-pressure liquid tank through a pipe and containing therein liquid at an atmospheric pressure; and an electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor provided on the pipe, so that liquid is carried from either the high-pressure liquid tank or the atmospheric pressure liquid tank into the remaining one according to a rotating direction of the hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor being controlled by the control unit such that an output torque and a rotating speed thereof are controlled by adjusting a displacement volume per one revolution of an output shaft of the hydraulic motor, and the shaft of the brake may be coupled to the output shaft of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor.
  • the shaft of the brake and the output shaft may be coupled to each other using bevel gears.
  • the balance maintenance means may include: upper and lower liquid tanks each containing liquid therein; a pipe connecting the upper liquid tank to the lower liquid tank; and an electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor provided on the pipe and controlled by the control unit such that an output torque and a rotating speed thereof are controlled by adjusting a displacement volume per one revolution of an output shaft of the hydraulic motor which is coupled to the shaft of the brake.
  • the output shaft of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor and the shaft of the brake may be coupled to each other using bevel gears.
  • a gear ratio of a transmission is adjusted in consideration of the number of passengers or the weight of cargo, so that there is an advantage in that power consumption required for operating the elevator is reduced.
  • the present invention is controlled depending on the change in weight of passengers and cargo, such that a balance weight offsets the weight of a cage, the passengers and cargo to the utmost, thus reducing power consumption required for operating the elevator.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a conventional elevator
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing a critical part of the elevator of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the elevator according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 8 is a view illustrating an example of a chain structure weight of the elevator of Fig. 7
  • Figs. 9 and 10 are views illustrating another example of the chain structure weight of the elevator of Fig. 7;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a sprocket wheel shown in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 12 is a view showing a gear pump according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a view showing a vane pump according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a bucket of the elevator of Fig. 16;
  • Fig. 18 is a perspective view showing the bucket of Fig. 17 which is in a state of being supported by a roller chain;
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to an eight embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention; and
  • Fig. 24 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the component (M + P + N) x A is generated by acceleration or deceleration, and the component (M + P - N)xG is generated by gravity, regardless of acceleration or deceleration.
  • the component (M + P - N)xG is a force which is applied even in a stationary state or in uniform motion. From the above- mentioned equations, it is appreciated that the force F must be increased in proportion to the increase of M, N, P and A. Furthermore, it is appreciated that, when a value of (M + P - N) is 0, the component (M + P - N)xG related to G becomes zero. As well, it is appreciated that, if M and N are constant and P is variable, reducing the value of (M + P - N)xG is limited.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the elevator according to the first embodiment includes a cage 11 and a first winch 5 which is connected to the cage 11 through a wire rope 13 wound around the first winch 5.
  • the elevator further includes a balance weight 12, a second winch 6 connected to the balance weight 12 through a wire rope 14 wound around the second winch 6, and two gears, a drive gear 7 and a driven gear 8, which engage with each other and are respectively provided on shafts of the first and second winches 5 and 6.
  • the shaft of the first winch 5 is rotated using the power of an electromotor, which is connected to the shaft but not shown in the drawings.
  • N is changed into another value, that is, when it is assumed that the weight of each passenger is 60kg, M is 1000kg, and N is 1600kg, the amount of energy required to move 2 persons, 5 persons, 10 persons, 15 persons or 20 persons to the 5th, 10th or 15th floor was calculated, and the results are described in Table 2.
  • the elevator according to the first embodiment of the present invention consumes energy of 114778 J and 397018 J.
  • energy consumption of the conventional elevator is approximately 10 times more than that of the elevator of the first embodiment.
  • an elevator according to a second embodiment of the present invention is characterized by a construction such that a value of K is variable.
  • the elevator according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a cage 31, a balance weight 35, a weight sensor 34, first and second winches 23 and 25, an electromotor 27, an electronic control transmission 21 and a control unit 29.
  • a position sensor 32 is provided on the cage 31 to detect the position of the cage 31.
  • the weight sensor 34 which determines the weight sum of cargo and passengers loaded in the cage 31, is provided in the cage 31. The above-mentioned sensors 32 and 34 transmit sensing signals to the control unit 29.
  • the first winch 23 is coupled to and rotated by the electromotor 27. Therefore, when the electromotor 27 rotates in a direction, the first winch 23 is rotated in a direction to wind or unwind the wire rope 47, thus moving the cage 31 upwards or downwards.
  • the electromotor 27 is controlled by the control unit 29 and has a structure such that the first winch 23 is rotatably coupled to a drive shaft 22 of the electromotor 27.
  • the balance weight 35 is coupled to the second winch 25 through a wire rope 49.
  • the second winch 25 is coupled to a driven shaft 24. Therefore, according to the rotating direction of the driven shaft 24, the balance weight 35 is selectively moved upwards or downwards.
  • a position sensor 37 is provided on the balance weight 35 to detect the position, that is, the height of the balance weight 35. A sensing signal of the position sensor 37 is transmitted to the control unit 29.
  • the drive shaft 22 and the driven shaft 24 are selectively coupled to each other by the electronic control transmission 21.
  • the electronic control transmission 21 includes a first brake 71, which is provided on the drive shaft 22, a second brake 73, which is provided on the driven shaft 24, a plurality of drive gears 61, 62, 63 and 64, which are provided on the drive shaft 22, and a plurality of driven gears 65, 66, 67 and 68, which are provided on the driven shaft 24.
  • the drive gears 61, 62, 63 and 64 have different radii and are provided so as to be slidable along the drive shaft 22 under control of the control unit 29.
  • one of the drive gears 61, 62, 63 and 64 engages with one of the driven gears 65, 66, 67 and 68, so that power is transmitted therebetween.
  • the positions of the driven gears 65, 66, 67 and 68 are fixed to the driven shaft 24.
  • the driven gears 65, 66, 67 and 68 are selectively connected to one of the drive gears 61 , 62, 63 and 64.
  • the first brake 71 and the second brake 73 are operated under the control of the control unit 29 and serve to stop the drive shaft 22 and the driven shaft 24 or release them such that they are rotatable.
  • the elevator has the electronic control transmission 21 which controls a gear ratio K under the control of the control unit 29. That is, the control unit 29 controls the electronic control transmission 21 to set the optimum gear ratio K so that minimum energy is consumed, in consideration of various variables shown in test examples of Tables. 3 and 4.
  • control unit 29 controls the operation of the electromotor 27 and the electronic control transmission 21 using information transmitted from the sensors 32, 34 and 37.
  • the control unit 29 is connected to floor switches 39, which are provided on respective floors, through a signal connection wire 41.
  • control unit 29 is connected to an indoor switch unit 33, which is provided in the cage 31, through a signal connection wire 43 to receive signals from the indoor switch 33.
  • the reference numeral 51 denotes a signal wire which connects the electromotor to the control unit 29
  • the reference numeral 53 denotes a signal wire which connects the electronic control transmission 21 to the control unit 29
  • the reference numeral 45 denotes a signal wire which connects the position sensor 37 to the control unit 29
  • the reference numerals 55 and 57 denote power wires.
  • the control unit 29 receives a signal from a floor switch 39 or the indoor switch 33 and then determines the direction in which the elevator moves and target floors at which the elevator is subsequently stopped. Thereafter, the control unit 29 selects gears of the electronic control transmission 21 which engage with each other with reference to both a weight of the cage and position information of the balance weight 35. Subsequently, the control unit 29 controls the electromotor 27 and thus moves the cage 31 to the subsequent target floor.
  • the detailed operation of the electronic control transmission 21 is as follows. When the electronic control transmission 21 receives the order of a gear shift from the control unit 29, the shafts 22 and 24, which are respectively coupled to the winches 23 and 25, are stopped by the brakes 71 and 73. Thereafter, the sliding gears 61, 62, 63 and 64 are shifted to the desired position. After the gear shift has been completed, the brakes 71 and 73 are released.
  • a reduction of energy consumption that is required to operate the elevator is realized by the con ⁇ struction such that the balance weight 35 stores potential energy and uses merely an appropriate amount of energy when it is necessary.
  • the con ⁇ struction such that the balance weight 35 stores potential energy and uses merely an appropriate amount of energy when it is necessary.
  • a cage 1 which is in a state of being fully loaded with passengers moves from the lowermost floor to the uppermost floor
  • a balance weight 2 is conversely moved from the uppermost floor to the lowermost floor. Subsequently, if the vacant cage 1 moves from the lowermost floor to the uppermost floor, the balance weight 2 is moved from the uppermost floor to the lowermost floor.
  • the potential energy which has been stored by movement of the balance weight 2 to the uppermost floor, is wasted in the subsequent movement of the balance weight 2. Meanwhile, cargo and passengers are also moved downwards as much as they move upwards, but, because the order in which they move upwards or downwards is mixed, the balance weight 2 must have the ability of storing great potential energy.
  • the weight of the balance weight 35 be increased, and a moving distance of the balance weight 35 be reduced by increasing the gear ratio K.
  • the weight N of the balance weight 35 is 11000 kg, the same calculation as that in the former tests is executed, but different gear ratios K according to the number of passengers are applied.
  • the position of the balance weight 2 is determined by the position of the cage 1.
  • the distances that they are moved are always equal to each other, because they are coupled to each other merely using the wire rope wrapped around the pulley 3.
  • the position of the balance weight 35 is not determined by the position of the cage 31, and the distance that it is moved is varied according to a selected gear.
  • the position of the balance weight 35 and the distance that it is moved are respectively independent from the position of the cage 31 and the distance that the cage 31 is moved, it can be appreciated that one cannot only consider the weight balance when selecting the gear. For example, in the elevator of Fig.
  • the elevator should be operated in a state in which the gear ratio is lowest. That is, the largest drive gear 61 , which is provided on the drive shaft 22 of the winch 23 related to the cage 31, should be coupled to the smallest driven gear 65, which is provided on the driven shaft 24 of the winch 25 related to the balance weight 35.
  • the distance that the cage 31 is moved becomes equal to the distance that the balance weight 35 is moved. If the destination of the passengers is the 5th floor, the elevator can be operated in the above state. However, if the destination of the passengers is the 10th floor, because the distance that the cage 31 moves is longer than the distance from the 5th floor to the 1st floor, that is, the maximum distance that the balance weight 35 is allowed to move, the gear ratio must be changed.
  • the diameter S of the gear related to the balance weight 35 must be at least 2 times the diameter R of the gear related to the cage 11, for example, the gears 63 and 67 may engage with each other.
  • the gear, having the diameter S which is two times the diameter R engages with the gear having the diameter R
  • the cage 31 is moved from the 1st floor to the 10th floor
  • the balance weight 35 is moved from the 5th floor to the 1st floor.
  • the gear ratio K which realizes the weight balance, is varied according to a change in the weight P of passengers.
  • a gear ratio equal to the result from the above equation is not always applied but gear engagement corresponding to an approximate value of the result is selected.
  • the equation related to distances that the cage 11 and the balance weight 12 are moved according to a gear ratio is as follows:
  • This equation serves to calculate a gear ratio K based on a desired distance that the cage 11 is moved and a desired distance that the balance weight 12 is moved.
  • a gear ratio K cannot be set into a value equal to the result of the above equation, but a gear ratio which is most approximate to the result must be selected, because the gear ratios to be selected in the electronic control transmission are limited to merely several limited values.
  • Such problems can be solved by use of an electronic control transmission of a continuously variable-type transmission.
  • the continuously variable- type transmission makes it possible for a gear ratio equal to the result from the above equation to be applied, without selecting an approximate value as the gear ratio. Furthermore, even when selecting a gear ratio based on the moving distances, the con- tinuously variable-type transmission makes it possible for a gear ratio equal to the result from the equation to be applied, without selecting an approximate value as the gear ratio. Therefore, the continuously variable transmission can further reduce energy consumption.
  • FIG. 5 an elevator according to a third embodiment of the present invention is il ⁇ lustrated.
  • a drive shaft 22, on which a first winch 23 is provided is connected to a driven shaft 24 through an electronic control transmission 21'.
  • second and third winches 88 and 98 are coupled to the driven shaft 24 through first and second electronic control clutches 81 and 91.
  • balance weights 89 and 99 are respectively coupled to the second and third winches 88 and 98 using wire ropes.
  • the electronic control transmission 21' and the first and second electronic control clutches 81 and 91 are operated under the control of a control unit 30.
  • the plurality of balance weights 89 and 99 are coupled to the respective winches 88 and 98 and to the respective electronic control clutches 81 and 91. Therefore, the balance weights can be selectively used when the elevator is operated.
  • the first electronic control clutch 81 includes a stationary gear 87, which is provided on the driven shaft 24, and a sliding gear 85 and a brake 83, which are provided on a shaft of the second winch 88.
  • the sliding gear 85 is selectively coupled to or decoupled from the stationary gear 87 under the control of the control unit 30.
  • the second electronic control clutch 91 includes a stationary gear 97, which is provided on the driven shaft 24, and a sliding gear 95 and a brake 93, which are provided on a shaft of the third winch 98.
  • the electronic control transmission 21' does not require a separate brake on the driven shaft 24.
  • the general construction of the electronic control transmission 21', except for the brake, remains the same as the electronic control transmission 21 of Fig. 4.
  • Both a brake 71 , which is provided on the drive shaft 22 in the electronic control transmission 21', and the brake 83, which is provided in the electronic control clutch 81 coupled to the selected balance weight 89, are operated when the electronic control transmission 21' is in a neutral state or when a signal is received from the control unit 30, such that the cage 31 and the balance weight 89 are not moved.
  • the selected balance weight 89 is moved to the uppermost or lowermost floor so that it may not be able to be executed to balance the weight.
  • the other balance weight 99 is selected, such that it serves to balance the weight of the cage 31.
  • two balance weights 89 and 99 are used as an example, but, of course, three or more balance weights may be used.
  • the balance weights 89 and 99 are gradually moved downstairs. If people are mainly moving to lower floors, the balance weights 89 and 99 are gradually moved towards the uppermost floors, thus storing potential energy. As such, the potential energy is conserved by the balance weights 89 and 99, while the elevator is operated in the same manner as that of a pulley mechanism which is in a balanced state.
  • the reference numerals 54, 80 and 90 denote signal wires.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing an elevator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment is constructed such that wire ropes 125 and 126 are respectively coupled to the lower ends of the cage 11 and the balance weight 12 and contact the bottom of the building.
  • this embodiment is constructed such that wire ropes 125 and 126 are respectively coupled to the lower ends of the cage 11 and the balance weight 12 and contact the bottom of the building.
  • variation of distances between winches 5 and 6 and the cage 11 and the balance weight 12 is great, variation of the weights of wire ropes 13 and 14 cannot be disregarded.
  • the wire ropes 125 and 126 which are the same as the wire ropes 13 and 14 coupled to the winches 5 and 6, are coupled to the lower ends of the cage 11 and the balance weight 12 and contact the bottom of the building, so that, even if the positions of the cage 11 and the balance weight 12 are changed, the weights applied to the winches 5 and 6 become constant.
  • a balance rope is used.
  • the conventional elevator because the position of the cage is dependent on the position of the balance weight, the conventional elevator may be constructed such that the balance rope does not contact the bottom of the building using a balance pulley. Furthermore, it may be operated in a state in which the overall length of the balance rope is shorter than the height of the building.
  • the elevator of the present invention because the position of the cage 11 is independent from the position of the balance weight 12, the conventional method can no longer be applied to the present invention.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present invention means to solve the above problem.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating an elevator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment substitutes a chain or a chain structure weight 134, which is manufactured by connecting a plurality of heavy bars, for the balance weight 12 and the winch 6 of the balance weight 12.
  • the chain structure weight 134 has an advantage in that it can be installed in a space which is required for installation of a balance weight in the conventional elevator.
  • containers 137 and 136 are respectively provided on the bottom 100 and at the top of the building, so that some of the chain or chain structure weight 134 is stacked in the containers.
  • Fig. 5 which uses the two balance weights 89 and 99, there is no trouble of switching the connection of the balance weights during the operation of the elevator.
  • 1000x3x7 + 1000x3x8 + 1000x3x9 135000kgfm.
  • the potential energy of 135000kgfm is reduced.
  • a device capable of storing the increased potential energy is required.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a chain 151 which is an example of the chain structure weight 134 of Fig. 7.
  • the chain 151 is made of metal and has a predetermined thickness.
  • Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate another example of the chain structure weight 134.
  • This chain structure weight includes a plurality of bars, each having a predetermined length and weight, and chain rollers, each of which has a predetermined length and rotatably supports each of the opposite ends of the bars.
  • an example of the wheel unit 131 which moves the chain structure weight 134 is shown in Fig. 11. Referring to Fig. 11, the wheel unit has a construction in which two sprocket wheels 171 are provided on a shaft 172 such that they are spaced apart from each other by a pre ⁇ determined distance.
  • the chain structure weight 134 of Figs. 9 and 10 uses the chain rollers as an example. Alternatively, wire ropes may be used in place of the chain rollers.
  • Fig. 12 shows a gear pump which is a kind of rotary pump.
  • Fig. 13 shows a vane pump. These can serve as both a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor. According to use and structure, these are called a gear pump or a gear motor and a vane pump or a vane motor.
  • the reference numeral 181 denotes an inlet side
  • 182 denotes an outlet side
  • 183 denotes a gear
  • the reference numeral 191 denotes an inlet side
  • 192 denotes an outlet side
  • 193 denotes a rotor
  • 194 denotes a vane
  • 195 denotes a spring.
  • the gear motor and vane motor having the above-mentioned con ⁇ structions are well known in the related art and are generally used, therefore further ex ⁇ planation is deemed unnecessary.
  • Fig. 14 is a view showing an elevator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a substitution of a load-applying device which uses liquid and hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206, for the balance weight 35 and the balance weight winch 25 of the elevator of Fig. 3, will be explained in detail herein below.
  • the load-applying device substitutes for the balance weight winch 6 and the wire rope 126, which is coupled to the lower end of the balance weight 12 and contacts the bottom of the building.
  • the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 must be able to alternately serve as a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump, as the gear motor of Fig. 12. Furthermore, in the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206, a discharge rate must be in proportion to the number of revolutions of the shaft of the hydraulic motor, as the gear motor of Fig. 12.
  • the rotating force of the hydraulic motor is proportional to the pressure of liquid and to a discharge amount per unit revolution thereof. In other words, as the pressure applied to the hydraulic motor is increased, and as the capacity of the hydraulic motor is increased, the rotating force thereof is increased.
  • this embodiment of the present invention comprises the plurality of hydraulic motors.
  • the hydraulic motors are connected to each other by at least one method of serial and parallel connection methods.
  • the serial connection of the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 has a similar effect to that of a serial connection method of batteries to increase voltage.
  • the entire pressure of liquid may be distributed such that the distributed pressures are applied to the respective hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206. Furthermore, they may raise liquid to a higher location.
  • the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 are disposed at positions at which a distance between the lower liquid tank 212 and the upper liquid tank 210 is divided into two or three equal parts.
  • Liquid pipes 207, 208 and 209 are connected to the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206. Thereafter, a rotating shaft 202 is coupled to the hydraulic motors. The rotating force of the rotating shaft 202 coupled to the hydraulic motors is equal to the sum of rotating forces of the hydraulic motors.
  • the parallel connection of the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 has a similar effect to that of a parallel connection method of batteries to increase electric current.
  • the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 are disposed at positions at which the pressure of liquid is the same.
  • a rotating shaft 202 is coupled to the hydraulic motors.
  • liquid pipes 207, 208 and 209 are coupled to the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206.
  • the rotating force of the rotating shaft 202 is equal to the sum of rotating forces of the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206.
  • a liquid discharge rate per unit revolution of the rotating shaft 202 is increased in proportion to the number of hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 which are connected in parallel with each other. Because the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 of Fig. 14 are coupled to the rotating shaft 202, the rotating force of the rotating shaft 202 is equal to the sum of rotating forces of the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206.
  • a bevel gear 201 is provided on an end of the rotating shaft 202.
  • the bevel gear 201 is coupled to a bevel gear 200 which is provided on the shaft of a driven shaft of an electronic control transmission, that is, on the shaft of the stationary gear 8.
  • the reference numerals 211 and 213 denote the surface of the liquid.
  • the reference numerals 215 and 216 denote pipes which are coupled to hydraulic motors of another elevator. That is, the liquid contained in the liquid tanks 210 and 212 may be used in another elevator.
  • the elevator is constructed such that the liquid pressure defined between the upper liquid tank 210 and the lower liquid tank 212 is distributed through the serial connection of the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206, and such that rotating force sufficient to serve as the balance weight is ensured through the parallel connection.
  • the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 which are installed as described above, provide constant rotating force, because hydraulic pressure is constant. Furthermore, the rotating force acts in constant magnitude and direction regardless of a flow direction of liquid and regardless of a direction in which the rotating shaft 202 is rotated. This is like that, every time an object is lifted or lowered, constant gravity is applied to the object.
  • the rotating shaft 202 which is coupled to the hydraulic motors, is coupled to a cage winch 5 through gears 7 and 8 which engage with each other in the electronic control transmission.
  • a direction in which an electromotor 27 rotates a direction in which the cage 11 is moved, a direction in which the rotating shaft 202 is rotated, and a direction in which the liquid flows, are determined.
  • the gears 7 and 8, which engage with each other in the electronic control transmission may be shifted.
  • a relative speed of the rotating shaft 202 may be changed depending on a gear shift.
  • a flow speed of liquid is increased through the shifting of the gears.
  • the cage 11, which is moved upwards and downwards, has a constant weight, so that effect of movement of the cage 11 is always offset by the movement of liquid, corresponding to the cage 11.
  • the capacities of the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 should be as large as that, or the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 202 should also be increased as much as that.
  • the liquid tanks 210 and 212 should be as large as that.
  • a balance weight may be used along with the hydraulic motors.
  • An elevator using this method is shown in Fig. 15.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the elevator according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • a balance weight 12 and a cage 11 are connected to each other through wire ropes 221 and 222.
  • the wire ropes 221 and 222 are respectively supported by a winch 223 and a balance pulley 227.
  • the winch 223 is provided on a drive shaft 224 of an electromotor.
  • a driven shaft 226, which is provided with a bevel gear 200 at an end thereof, is coupled to the drive shaft 224 through an electronic control transmission 225.
  • a load-applying device which applies a load to the bevel gear 200, has the same con ⁇ struction as that shown in Fig. 14.
  • the bevel gear 200 engages with a bevel gear 201 which is provided on a rotating shaft 202 coupled to gear pumps 203, 204, 205 and 206.
  • gear pumps 203, 204, 205 and 206 When the gear pumps 203, 204, 205 and 206 are operated, liquid is moved between an upper liquid tank 210 and a lower liquid tank 212 through pipes 207, 208 and 209.
  • the cage 11 has a constant weight, and the weight of the cage
  • the elevator of Fig. 14 has a simple structure, but requires hydraulic motors and liquid tanks which have large capacities.
  • the elevator of Fig. 15 has a complex structure, but the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 and the liquid tanks 210 and 212 thereof may have relatively small capacities.
  • variable capacity motor which can serve as both a transmission and a hydraulic motor. Therefore, if a variable capacity motor which can be electronically controlled is used, because it can execute the same function as that of the electronic control transmission, the elevator may be constructed without the electronic control transmission.
  • the balance weight 12 is used in the same manner as that of the conventional elevator, so that the weight of the cage 11 is offset by the balance weight 12. Furthermore, the elevator of Fig. 15 is characterized in that a variable weight of passengers is offset using the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206, liquid and electronic control transmission 225. As such, the method of auxiliarily using the balance weight 12 may be applied both to the case of Fig. 7, which uses the chain or chain structure weight and the electronic control transmission, and to a case which uses a bucket conveyor of Fig. 16 and an electronic control transmission, and will be explained herein below.
  • Fig. 16 shows the bucket conveyor.
  • Buckets 231, 257, 260 moves along roller chains 251.
  • the roller chains 251 can be moved in both directions, as designated by the arrow 258 of the drawing.
  • liquid is carried from an upper liquid tank 253 to a lower liquid tank 255.
  • each bucket 260 passes through a subsidiary wheel 245, liquid is contained in the bucket 260, and, thereafter, it is lifted.
  • the bucket 260 containing liquid passes through a subsidiary wheel 246 and a sprocket wheel 241.
  • a subsidiary wheel 242 when a protruding rod 233 (see, Fig. 17) of the bucket 231 is caught by a stop plate 248, liquid is poured out of the bucket 231 into the lower liquid tank.
  • each bucket 231 The rotating pins 232 are rotatably supported on the respective roller chains 251, as shown in Fig. 18.
  • Fig. 19 illustrates an elevator according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the elevator of this embodiment includes a balance maintenance means which is coupled to a driven shaft 226 that is coupled to a drive shaft 224 through an electronic control transmission 225.
  • the balance maintenance means comprises a hydraulic motor 279 to which a rotating shaft 278 is rotatably coupled, and a liquefied gas tank 272, a high-pressure liquid tank 275 and an atmospheric pressure liquid tank 281, which are provided around the hydraulic motor 279.
  • Liquefied gas is stored in the liquefied gas tank 27 to a predetermined level 271.
  • the liquefied gas tank 27 is connected to the high-pressure liquid tank 275 through a pipe 273. Liquid is contained in the high-pressure liquid tank 275 to a predetermined level 276.
  • Liquefied gas is contained with the liquid in the high-pressure liquid tank 275 to a predetermined level 274, such that they form a layer structure.
  • the high-pressure liquid tank 275 is connected to a side of the hydraulic motor 279 through a pipe 277.
  • the hydraulic motor 279 is connected at an opposite side thereof to the atmospheric pressure liquid tank 281 through a pipe 280. Liquid is contained in the atmospheric pressure liquid tank 281 to a predetermined level 282.
  • a large liquid tank which is placed in a building, in particular, at the top of the building, may cause a problem from a safety aspect of the building; also, some buildings may have no space at the top thereof. Furthermore, it is complex to install a liquid pipe from the top to the bottom of a building. If a device serving as an upper liquid tank can be placed at a lower position, for example, the bottom of the building and at a position adjacent to a lower liquid tank, there are a variety of advantages. As an example, the capacity of the liquid tank can be increased without limit.
  • Ammonia a mixture of ammonia and vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, and propane, can all be liquefied at room temperature, and all have different critical pressures.
  • One kind of gas selected from the group consisting of the above- mentioned gases is contained in the liquefied liquid tank 272. Thereafter, the liquefied liquid tank 272 is coupled to the upper end of the high-pressure liquid tank 275 through the pipe 273, such that they communicate with each other. Then, the vapor pressure of the gas is applied to the high-pressure liquid tank 275, so that the pressure in the high-pressure liquid tank 275 is constantly maintained regardless of the amount of liquid contained in the tank.
  • the liquid in high-pressure liquid tank applies constant pressure to the hydraulic motor 279 coupled to the high-pressure liquid tank through the pipe 277.
  • the liquid which has passed through the hydraulic motor 279, enters the atmospheric pressure liquid tank 281 through the pipe 280 which is coupled to the bottom of the at ⁇ mospheric pressure liquid tank 281.
  • the gas must not dissolve easily in the liquid.
  • the gas having the highest critical pressure is advantageous for the maintenance of high pressure in the high-pressure liquid tank.
  • a film such as a vinyl film 284 which does not allow gas or liquid to pass through it, may be provided in the high-pressure liquid tank 275, such that the gas is separated from the liquid.
  • the vinyl film 284 have a size such that the high-pressure liquid tank 275 is fully charged with liquid, and a little liquid be applied to the upper surface of the vinyl film 284 such that the vinyl film 284 easily slides on the inner surface of the high-pressure liquid tank 275 without being stuck to the inner surface of the tank.
  • a pressure in a space above the vinyl film 284 is always equal to that of a space beneath the vinyl film 284, there is no chance that the vinyl film 284 tears due to a pressure difference.
  • the liquefied gas tank 272 and the high-pressure liquid tank 275 which are disposed at a lower position, can substitute for an upper liquid tank 210 disposed at a high position and shown in each of Figs. 14 and 15.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic view showing an elevator according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig.
  • a balance pulley shaft 228 is coupled to a balance pulley 227, and an electronic control transmission 225 is provided on the balance pulley shaft 228.
  • a hydraulic motor 279 of a balance maintenance means having the same construction as that shown in Fig. 19, is coupled to a shaft 278 of the electronic control transmission 225, thus accomplishing the same operational effect as that of the embodiment of Fig. 19.
  • an installation of a liquid pipe from the top of a building to the bottom is not required and, as well, the rotating shaft 278, which is provided between the hydraulic motor 279 and the top in the embodiment of Fig. 19, is not required. Therefore, in the case of the ninth embodiment, there are advantages in that the number of elements of the elevator is reduced, and the structure thereof is simplified.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing an elevator according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment is a modification of the elevator of Fig. 14, in which an electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 substitutes both for the transmission including the gears 7 and 8 of Fig. 14, and for the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206 of Fig. 14.
  • an electronic control brake 293 which is controlled by a control unit that is not shown in the drawing, is provided on a shaft 224 of a winch 223, thus executing the same function as that of the brake 71 of the electronic control transmission 21, 225 described in Fig. 4, thereby the shaft 224 is controlled.
  • the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 a torque and rotating speed of the output shaft of the motor relative to the pressure and speed of liquid drawn into the motor are controlled by adjusting displacement volume per one revolution of the motor.
  • the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 may be regarded as having the same construction as that of a typical variable capacity hydraulic motor connected to a control unit.
  • constant pressure is applied from an upper liquid tank 210 to the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 through a pipe 207.
  • a liquid discharge rate of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 is varied depending both on a rotating speed of a rotating shaft 292 of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor and on displacement volume per one revolution.
  • the control unit controls the displacement volume per one revolution of the rotating shaft 292 of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291, thus adjusting the torque of the rotating shaft 292.
  • the torque of the rotating shaft 292 of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 is adjusted to an appropriate degree to offset the torque of the shaft 230 of the brake 293, which is generated both by the weight of the cage 11 and by the weight of passengers and cargo in the cage.
  • the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 292 of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 which is coupled to the shaft 230 through bevel gears 200 and 201, is determined according to a rotating speed of the shaft 230 of the brake 293, which is rotated by rotation of an electromotor 27.
  • the flow speed of liquid, which passes through the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 and flows through the pipe 207, is determined by the displacement volume per one revolution of the rotating shaft 292 of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor. For example, when the displacement volume per one revolution of the rotating shaft 292 of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor is adjusted to be zero, the liquid which has passed through the pipe 207 is stopped, and the rotating shaft 292 of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor enters a state of no-load operation.
  • the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor is classified into a vane type and a piston type. Such an electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor also serves as a hydraulic pump. That is, when the cage 11 is moved upwards by rotation of the electromotor 27, the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor serves as a hydraulic motor. For this, liquid flows from the upper liquid tank 210 to the lower liquid tank 212, so that torque is generated, thereby power of the electromotor for raising the cage 11 is saved. Conversely, when the cage 11 is moved downwards, the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 serves as a hydraulic pump. Thus, the hydraulic motor 291 pumps liquid from the lower liquid tank 212 to the upper liquid tank 210, thereby compensating for potential energy lost by the downward movement of the cage 11.
  • the single electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 can substitute both for the transmission including the gears 7 and 8 and for the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic view showing an elevator according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 22 shows a modification of the elevator of Fig. 15, in which a single electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 substitutes both for gear-shifting-related parts of the transmission 225 of Fig. 15 and for the hydraulic motors 203, 204, 205 and 206.
  • the operation of the electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 of this embodiment is the same as that described in Fig. 21, therefore further explanation is deemed unnecessary.
  • other components are the same as those described in Fig. 15, therefore further explanation will be omitted.
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic view showing an elevator according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 23 shows a modification of the elevator of Fig. 19 in which a single electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 substitutes both for transmission gears (not shown) of the transmission 225 of Fig. 19, other than the brake 293, and for the hydraulic motor 279.
  • the same components as those of Fig. 19 are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the principle of how the single electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 serves as both the transmission and hydraulic motor has already been described in the explanation for Fig. 21, therefore further explanation is deemed unnecessary.
  • Fig. 24 is a schematic view showing an elevator according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 shows a modification of the elevator of Fig. 20 in which a single electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 substitutes both for gear-shifting-related parts of the transmission 225 of Fig. 20, that is, transmission gears, other than the brake 293, and for the hydraulic motor 279.
  • a single electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 substitutes both for gear-shifting-related parts of the transmission 225 of Fig. 20, that is, transmission gears, other than the brake 293, and for the hydraulic motor 279.
  • the same components as those of Fig. 20 are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the principle of how the single electronic variable capacity hydraulic motor 291 serves as both the transmission and hydraulic motor will be easily appreciated through the explanation of Fig. 21, therefore further explanation is deemed unnecessary.
  • a gear ratio of a transmission is adjusted in consideration of the number of passengers or the weight of cargo, so that there is an advantage in that power consumption required for operating the elevator is reduced.
  • the present invention is controlled depending on the change in weight of passengers and cargo, such that a balance weight offsets the weight of a cage, the passengers and the cargo to the utmost, thus reducing power consumption required for operating the elevator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ascenseur, dont la structure est améliorée de sorte qu'un poids d'équilibrage contrebalance au maximum le poids de la cabine, des passagers et des bagages, en fonction du poids des passagers et des bagages, ce qui diminue la consommation d'énergie. Dans l'ascenseur de l'invention, un rapport d'engrenage d'une transmission (21) est réglé en fonction du nombre de passagers ou du poids des bagages, ce qui réduit la consommation d'énergie requise pour faire fonctionner l'ascenseur. De plus, dans le cas où un moteur hydraulique électronique à capacité variable (291) est utilisé, l'ascenseur est commandé en fonction des variations du poids des passagers et des bagages, si bien qu'un poids d'équilibrage (12) contrebalance au maximum le poids de la cabine, des passagers et des bagages, réduisant ainsi la consommation d'énergie requise pour faire fonctionner l'ascenseur.
PCT/KR2005/003958 2004-11-25 2005-11-22 Ascenseur WO2006057510A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007542910A JP2008521726A (ja) 2004-11-25 2005-11-22 エレベーター
MX2007006288A MX2007006288A (es) 2004-11-25 2005-11-22 Elevador.
EP05820712A EP1817254A1 (fr) 2004-11-25 2005-11-22 Ascenseur
AU2005307931A AU2005307931A1 (en) 2004-11-25 2005-11-22 Elevator
US11/576,784 US20090014250A1 (en) 2004-11-25 2005-11-22 Elevator

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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KR20040097733 2004-11-25
KR10-2004-0097733 2004-11-25
KR1020050070849A KR20060059163A (ko) 2004-11-25 2005-08-03 변속 장치를 사용한 엘리베이터
KR10-2005-0070849 2005-08-03

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WO2006057510A1 true WO2006057510A1 (fr) 2006-06-01
WO2006057510A8 WO2006057510A8 (fr) 2006-07-27

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US5435417A (en) * 1993-01-11 1995-07-25 Kone Oy Elevator motor placed in the counterweight
US5573084A (en) * 1993-06-28 1996-11-12 Kone Oy Elevator drive machine placed in the counterweight
US6336523B1 (en) * 1998-09-08 2002-01-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Elevator having an auxiliary control device mounted in the elevator shaft in the vicinity of a door pocket

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITCS20120021A1 (it) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-01 E D P Srl Sistema di trazione a fune con contrappeso operante in modo sempre bilanciato.
CN104229606A (zh) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-24 罗三定 一种吊笼平衡装置

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KR100743133B1 (ko) 2007-07-27
AU2005307931A1 (en) 2006-06-01
WO2006057510A8 (fr) 2006-07-27
EP1817254A1 (fr) 2007-08-15
KR20060058634A (ko) 2006-05-30

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