WO2006049592A1 - Barriere resistante a la corrosion constituee d'une couche de fond anti-corrosion photopolymerisee par des uv et d'une couche de finition thermoplastique - Google Patents

Barriere resistante a la corrosion constituee d'une couche de fond anti-corrosion photopolymerisee par des uv et d'une couche de finition thermoplastique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006049592A1
WO2006049592A1 PCT/US2004/035588 US2004035588W WO2006049592A1 WO 2006049592 A1 WO2006049592 A1 WO 2006049592A1 US 2004035588 W US2004035588 W US 2004035588W WO 2006049592 A1 WO2006049592 A1 WO 2006049592A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
basecoat
topcoat
light
substrate
thermoplastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2004/035588
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John D. Neukirchen
Joseph A. Depoti
Richard Chmiel
Original Assignee
Polykinetics, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polykinetics, Inc. filed Critical Polykinetics, Inc.
Priority to PCT/US2004/035588 priority Critical patent/WO2006049592A1/fr
Publication of WO2006049592A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006049592A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/546—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/08—Flame spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
    • B05D3/065—After-treatment
    • B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
    • F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2254/00—Tubes

Definitions

  • Corrosion Resistant Barrier consisting of a UV Light Cured Anti -Corrosive Basecoat and Thermoplastic Topcoat
  • a common problem experienced throughout industry is the protection of valuable structures and equipment from corrosive environments such as aggressive chemicals, abrasion and/or atmospheric weathering. Such structures are primarily constructed from steel or concrete and the most common method of protection is the application of a liquid protective coating. Depending upon the exposure environment and type of surface, a coating may be formulated from a variety of base resins. Examples are the use of epoxy novolacs and vinyl esters for chemical tank linings and polyamide epoxies and urethanes for atmospheric corrosion protection.
  • UV curing One recently recognized technology or method involves the use of specialized high intensity light or better known as UV curing.
  • the principle of UV curing is based upon the initiation of a chemical polymerization inside a liquid coating by using direct UV irradiation to create a cross-linked solid coating.
  • the method incorporates the introduction of a photoinitiator into the coating formulation, whereby controlled exposure to a concentrated UV light initiates an almost instantaneous chain reaction.
  • the finished properties of a UV cured coating such as hardness, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and adhesive properties are formulated into the initial composition of the coating.
  • the type and amount of UV initiator required to cross-link or cure the coating composition is matched with the intensity, dose, and spectral output of the UV light source/lamp. Though this technology is becoming widely accepted, it is important to note that it has been primarily limited to OEM/plant application onto smaller parts where the coated part is passed under or by the light via production conveyor.
  • the coating is generally applied in a single thin finished coat of approximately .5 to 1 mil.
  • the primary advantage of UV cure technology is that upon exposure to the UV light, the coating is instantly cured and immediately ready for handling.
  • thermoplastic and thermosetting. powder coatings Formulated from polyethylene, polypropylene, solid epoxy resin, etc., these materials produce a highly functional protective coating. Much larger in market application than UV cured materials, these materials are also generally limited to
  • thermoplastic powder is via flame spray.
  • the flame spray method allows for application onto larger parts or allows for a method of application outside the plant environment.
  • the application consists of blowing the thermoplastic powder through a propane and air generated flame whereby the powder is melted within the flame and deposited onto the surface in a uniform film.
  • the application requires a similar pre-heating of the part to the near melt temperature of the thermoplastic in order to facilitate bond of the applied powder.
  • a primer can be employed to act as the bonding site for the thermoplastic topcoat where pre-heat temperatures can be greatly reduced.
  • these primers are formulated using heat stable epoxies or similar resins that require the addition of a catalytic agent and viscosity reducing solvents or thinning agents. Applied as a liquid film, these primers require a given amount of time to form their functional properties before the thermoplastic topcoat can be applied.
  • the curing or setting time required for the primer can be longer than what is practically allowable for a given application.
  • Field applied protective coating systems are subject to a wide variety of environmental effects. Temperature, humidity, airborne and other environmental contamination, etc all can have a profound effect on the overall performance capability of the applied coating system.
  • a field applied coating system must be formulated or designed to obtain its required performance properties within a defined range of differing and changing environmental conditions. As discussed above, exposure to environmental conditions that exceed or occur before the coating system has cured, can greatly limit or destroy its performance capability. Second, the application ease or difficulty of the system must be considered. Given the possible environmental conditions, a field-applied protective coating system must be of proper design so that it can be successfully applied with uniform predictable results. In many cases, specialized application equipment and/or extraordinary environmental controls are employed.
  • Coating systems that are subjected to chemically active and/or corrosive environments are attacked on both a massive level and microscopic level in a much more severe manner than those exposed to more simple atmospheric exposure conditions. Therefore the complexity of the coating system grows in relation to the environment or condition it is exposed to. In ' some cases, highly specialized coatings, application procedures, and equipment are employed. Further, the importance of achieving a complete and uniform cure of the coating system grows in relation to the exposed/service condition. In many specialized applications, the requirement for a long term, high performance coating system is complicated by the added requirement for rapid installation.
  • Rapid installation can be defined as a method that facilitates the complete installation of the protective coating system whereupon the installed protective coating system achieves its designed performance properties in a short or limited, predetermined timeframe.
  • applications that have this type of requirement are: the protection of pipeline joints on an offshore pipeline installation, the coating of the splash zone on a marine structure, maintenance shut downs in plants such as paper mills and power plants, and emergency repairs to critical operating structures and equipment.
  • the invention claims a process whereby a specially formulated UV light initiated coating is applied as a primer or basecoat whereupon a compatible functionally engineered thermoplastic is applied as the topcoat to protect and/or shield a substrate of substantially non-combustible material from corrosion, erosion and/or abrasion.
  • substantially non-combustible material are metal, steel, concrete, masonry fiber reinforced composites, plastics, thermoplastics, epoxy and similar thermosetting resins, and vinyl ester and similar thermosetting resins.
  • Highly versatile, the invention as described herein allows for application to new and existing surfaces with near equal success through a wide range of environmental and service conditions.
  • the UV light initiated basecoat functions as both a superior chemical resistant corrosion barrier and as a compatible advanced bonding site for the thermoplastic topcoat.
  • the engineered thermoplastic functions as a tough outer barrier or layer that can be engineered or designed to resist or perform in a variety of physical conditions or service environments.
  • the benefits claimed by the applied system or process are rapid installation, limited sensitivity to environmental conditions, highly predictable and repeatable applied properties, advanced chemical and corrosion resistance, and superior multi-functional performance.
  • the principle of UV curing is based upon the initiation of a chemical polymerization inside a liquid coating by using direct UV irradiation to create a catalyzed or cross-linked solid coating.
  • the method incorporates the introduction of a photoinitiator into the coating formulation, whereby controlled exposure to a concentrated UV light initiates an almost instantaneous chain reaction.
  • the present commonly practiced application or use of UV light initiated coatings involved a process in which the coating is applied in a thinner single finished film, where upon exposure to a designed UV light source, the coating is near instantaneously cured. The result is a hard, fully cured, functionally resistant film that is immediately available for handling or packaging.
  • the coating is used as a basecoat in combination with a thermoplastic topcoat where the applied and initiated UV cured basecoat must be functionally compatible with the topcoat.
  • a hard fully cured coating may not facilitate acceptable adhesion or bond of a particular thermoplastic topcoat.
  • an independent functioning adhesion promoting additive or filler may be mixed into the primer formulation prior to application. Introduced in the form of a liquid or selected sized solid particle, the additive or filler is dispersed within the applied primer layer in a sufficient amount and form to react and/or flow upon application of the topcoat. The thermal energy or heat from the applied thermoplastic topcoat causes the additive to chemically react and/or thermally enter into an advanced adhesive state thereby enhancing the adhesion compatibility and bond between the primer layer and topcoat.
  • liquid adhesion promoting additives are silanes, titanates and heat activated catalyzing epoxides.
  • solid adhesion promoting additives are thermoplastic epoxies; heat activated catalyzing epoxides, hot melt adhesives and thermoplastic polyolefin's.
  • Another method is to control, slow down and/or retard the curing process of the basecoat for a period of time in order to facilitate acceptable topcoat adhesion. This may be achieved in several ways such as adjusting the type and amount of photoinitiator, limiting exposure time to the light, and/or adjusting the spectral output of the light.
  • the surface of the retarded or semi-cured coating or basecoat is then by design chemically open for a determined period of time to receive and bond with the applied thermoplastic topcoat. This method may also include the addition of adhesion promoting additives as previously discussed.
  • An alternate method of retarding the curing process or extending the overcoat time is through the introduction of amines or similar functioning materials. These materials function to reduce the rate of catalytic reaction thereby creating a controlled and predictable rate of cure.
  • the basecoat is then by design chemically open for a determined period of time to receive and bond with the applied thermoplastic topcoat. This method may also include the addition of solid adhesion promoting additives as previously discussed.
  • a preferred method is to adjust the composition of the coating formulation to include a separate functioning resin and/or functional curing agent whereupon it is co-blended into the formulation to create a dual activated, phased, or co-curing method of cure.
  • the coating composition can be formulated to achieve a semi-solid or gelled state upon controlled exposure to the light where it will remain open in a highly adhesive state until application of the thermoplastic topcoat.
  • the formulation is thermally promoted and/or activated by exposure to the heat from the applied thermoplastic topcoat to complete the curing process. It should be noted that a direct chemical interaction between the curing mechanisms can be created where the activation and/or initiation of one phase assists and positively effects the activation of the other phase.
  • thermoplastic means the ability to move in and out of a molten state under the influence of heat and pressure. Practically, it is the ability to design and manufacturer a functional plastic polymer with specific performance properties, where by heat melting and forming or spray depositing the molten polymer onto a defined surface, a highly functional film or protective barrier can be created.
  • thermoplastic polymers can be formulated to contend with a wide range of service conditions. However, given that all materials or polymers have inherent functional limitations, a multiple number of functionally different thermoplastic polymer types must be available for consideration.
  • thermoplastic polymers examples include: Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Thermoplastic Elastomers, Nylon, Thermoplastic Epoxides, Thermoplastic Urethanes and Thermoplastic Polyesters.
  • a thermoplastic polymer has certain inherent chemical characteristics and/or properties. Though most polymers can be modified with other functional materials to provide enhanced performance properties, every polymer has its range in which it can be modified before it becomes no longer practical or functional.
  • thermoplastic polymer Factors that may dictate the use of one thermoplastic polymer over another as they relate to the intended service application are thermal stability, dimensional stability, melt properties, flow properties, specific gravity, hardness, elongation, tensile strength, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, temperature resistance, permeation resistance, insulation and/or conductive properties, flexural strength, material cost, processing cost, additive compatibility, adhesive properties, ease of application, service life, reparability, etc.
  • thermoplastic polymer has certain inherent and individual functional capability and properties. Depending upon chemical structure, flow properties, etc of the topcoat, the adhesive properties of the basecoat may require adjustment, as explained herein, in order to facilitate acceptable or functional topcoat bond.
  • thermoplastics are defined by their ability to move in and out of a molten state under the influence of heat and pressure. Primarily influenced by heat, thermoplastics require no catalytic agents or solidification additives when placed into a molten or liquid application state in order to achieve their functional properties. Upon completion of application, they require only to cool back into their solid state or form in order to be ready for service. Therefore, thermoplastics are far less effected by conditions that can effect their performance properties such as humidity, temperature, mixing errors, pot life, re-coat and/or cure times, etc.
  • the application of the invention can be performed in a highly efficient, effective, and safe manner where the process and application of the entire protective coating system can be completed in a reasonably acceptable short period of time.
  • the application as a corrosion protection system onto pipeline joints commonly but not exclusively occurs during installation of a new pipeline that is intended to transport or convey materials primarily in liquid form from one point to another.
  • a pipeline is constructed by placing specified lengths or sections of pipe at or into a designated or prepared location where the pipe lengths are placed or aligned end to end. Constructed primarily of steel, the length of each section is primarily determined by the thickness and/or diameter of the pipe. The diameter of the pipe is primarily determined by the volume of material to be conveyed.
  • the primarily method of corrosion protection is to apply the protective coating system onto the pipe at the mill, factory, or in transit to the site at a given shop location.
  • the protective coating system is held back or not applied to a given distance on each end of the pipe.
  • the coated pipe sections are placed or aligned end to end where they are welded together to form a continuous transmission line.
  • the length of the pipeline or number of welded sections determines the number of weld joints to be coated.
  • the factory or shop applied protective coating is held back on the ends to facilitate the welding process which must occur on bare uncoated steel.
  • the length of hold back or uncoated area is normally between 6" and 12" depending upon pipe thickness and pipe diameter.
  • the extreme heat generated by the welding process can damage, bum, or dis- bond the coating if it is applied to close to the weld area.
  • the process of applying the invention to the welded joint occurs in several steps. First, the bare steel areas are sandblasted or otherwise prepared to a near white or white metal condition. Metal preparation or cleaning standards such as the Steel Structures Painting Councils standard SSPC-SPl O Near White to SSPC-SP5 White Metal are referenced. Other standards that specify or reference similar or equal preparation conditions such as those established by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers or NACE may also be employed. During the surface preparation procedure, a light sweep blast or approved equal cleaning to approximately 3" to 4" of the adjoining or adjacent coated surface is conducted to remove any surface contaminates.
  • a uniform resinous liquid film of UV light initiated primer or basecoat is applied by brush, roll, or spray as the primer or basecoat onto the prepared metal surface.
  • the coating is not normally but may also be applied in the same manner and thickness onto the adjacent existing and prepared shop applied coating. Normally, the primer or basecoat is easily applied by brush, roll, or spray to a thickness of approximately 8 to 10 mils. It should be noted that depending upon the service requirements, the primer or basecoat may be applied at a thickness from 2 to 25 mils.
  • UV light initiated primer Depending upon environmental conditions, choice of light source, installation requirements, service conditions, type or method of internal line corrosion protection system, support equipment, type of thermoplastic topcoat, etc., several versions or formulas of UV light initiated primer are available. As an example, a formulation of a UV light initiated coating that would use as a primer or basecoat in the method herein discussed is:
  • UV light initiated coating In order to initiate a partial cure, cure or initiate a predetermined rate of cross-linking reaction within the UV light initiated coating, the use of an appropriate UV light source is required.
  • a light source that emits UV light wavelength in the range of 325nm to 450nm is preferred. However, wider or narrower light wavelengths may be considered -depending upon the function and type of photoinitiator.
  • a carriage or conveyance mechanism that rotates the light around the coated joint surface at a predetermined distance and speed may be used.
  • a mechanism that places a series of lights at a predetermined distance that facilitates light exposure or initiation to the entire target surface at the same time may be used.
  • the time or rate of light exposure may be varied.
  • UV light sources could be utilized.
  • the Fusion UV Systems, Inc. Model F300S using a Model P300MT Power Supply with a "D" type spectral bulb at 300 watt/inch could be used when higher exposure or intensity is required.
  • a BLB type of UV light source such as the FL20BLB supplied by Eye Lighting International/Iwasaki Electric Co. could be used when lower exposure or intensity is sufficient.
  • thermoplastic topcoat Upon completion of the primer or basecoat application process, the thermoplastic topcoat is applied in a single uniform coat.
  • a preferred method of application is flame spraying.
  • the thermoplastic topcoat is supplied from the factory in a graded powder form. Using a Powder Master Flame Spray Unit as manufactured by PFS/Innotek Inc. or other approved type, a generally uniform stream of powder is blown through a regulated and controlled flame comprising of a mixture of compressed air and propane. As the powder stream passes through the flame, the heat generated by the flame turns the plastic powder molten. The powder is propelled through the flame with sufficient regulated velocity and form that it is deposited onto the surface in a controlled uniform manner.
  • the physical dynamic of the application process causes the formulated or engineered thermoplastic to wet out, flow, and bond thereby creating the functional protective outer layer or topcoat.
  • the thermoplastic topcoat can be applied anywhere from 10 to 150 mils in a single flame spray application process.
  • a formulation of an engineered polypropylene that would be used in a pipeline application could be:
  • the physical and/or chemical properties of a specific resin can be mixed, blended or processed with another compatible resin to create a series of functional hybrids.
  • functional mineral and/or chemical fillers or additives may also be blended, added or manufactured into a particular topcoat resin, formulation or compound to provide alternate or additional performance capability. Examples are glass beads or ceramic to enhance abrasion resistance, treated mica or glass to enhance permeation resistance and heat catalyzed or similar thermosetting materials to enhance toughness.
  • Other examples of properties that fillers or additives can provide are static dissipation, flame retardance, conductivity, bio-stabilization, anti-fouling, non-stick, color, etc.
  • thermoplastic topcoat examples include pre-melting the thermoplastic and applying via molten spray or via wiper extruder or pre- manufacture the thermoplastic in sheet form where it can be wrapped around the joint or placed onto the primer and heated via flame or alternate heat source to a molten or semi- molten state.
  • this invention teaches that by combining the method and functional use of a controlled UV light initiated coating with the method and use of functionally engineered thermoplastic, a highly useful method and process as explained herein is created.
  • the present invention may be used in any industry that could benefit from using a simple, reliable, easily applied apparatus and method for protecting, maintaining, repairing, refinishing, refurbishing and/or replacing a substrate that is exposed to corrosion, abrasion, erosion, chemical attack, environmental weathering, electrical disbondment, abrasion, impact and other detrimental forms and effects experienced in an industrial or otherwise applicable environment.
  • the present invention is primarily intended to protect oil and gas pipeline joints, it could be used as a protection barrier in a variety of applications such a tank linings, structural steel, pipe lining, secondary containment, and pipeline line coatings. Examples of applicable environments are saltwater, waste water, electrical, chemical, radiological, toxic and atmospheric. Other applications for the apparatus of this invention can be easily found.
  • the present invention can be applied to a wide variety of different substrates.
  • this invention could be applied to a substrate comprising metal, steel, concrete, ceramics, masonry, fiber reinforced composites, plastics, thermoplastics, epoxy and similar thermosetting resins, vinyl ester and similar thermosetting resins or nearly any other material that is generally non-flammable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une surface protectrice, ainsi que l'article protégé. La surface est formée comme couche de fond initiée par des UV sur laquelle on applique une couche de finition thermoplastique. En premier lieu, on nettoie la surface, puis on applique comme liquide la couche de fond initiée par des UV sur une épaisseur de 2 à 25 mils. La lumière UV amorce la polymérisation et on applique ensuite la couche de finition de formulation thermoplastique, de préférence par projection à chaud. La surface protectrice est particulièrement utilisée sur les joints de canalisations.
PCT/US2004/035588 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Barriere resistante a la corrosion constituee d'une couche de fond anti-corrosion photopolymerisee par des uv et d'une couche de finition thermoplastique WO2006049592A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2004/035588 WO2006049592A1 (fr) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Barriere resistante a la corrosion constituee d'une couche de fond anti-corrosion photopolymerisee par des uv et d'une couche de finition thermoplastique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2004/035588 WO2006049592A1 (fr) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Barriere resistante a la corrosion constituee d'une couche de fond anti-corrosion photopolymerisee par des uv et d'une couche de finition thermoplastique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006049592A1 true WO2006049592A1 (fr) 2006-05-11

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PCT/US2004/035588 WO2006049592A1 (fr) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Barriere resistante a la corrosion constituee d'une couche de fond anti-corrosion photopolymerisee par des uv et d'une couche de finition thermoplastique

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009100344A2 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Kadant Web Systems, Inc. Surfaces thermiquement adaptatives pour recevoir des pulvérisations thermiques
WO2015030934A1 (fr) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Carrosserie de véhicule et procédé de revêtement d'une carrosserie de véhicule
CN104785426A (zh) * 2015-02-13 2015-07-22 芜湖协诚金属制品有限公司 一种钢制蜗壳喷粉工艺方法
CN111707605A (zh) * 2020-07-15 2020-09-25 中铁山桥集团有限公司 一种高原地区钢桥面漆适用性检验方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3971834A (en) * 1975-03-27 1976-07-27 Shell Oil Company Modified acrylate resin
US5792518A (en) * 1994-06-08 1998-08-11 Gibson; Mark On-site pipe coating process

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3971834A (en) * 1975-03-27 1976-07-27 Shell Oil Company Modified acrylate resin
US5792518A (en) * 1994-06-08 1998-08-11 Gibson; Mark On-site pipe coating process

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009100344A2 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Kadant Web Systems, Inc. Surfaces thermiquement adaptatives pour recevoir des pulvérisations thermiques
WO2009100344A3 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2010-02-18 Kadant Web Systems, Inc. Surfaces thermiquement adaptatives pour recevoir des pulvérisations thermiques
WO2015030934A1 (fr) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Carrosserie de véhicule et procédé de revêtement d'une carrosserie de véhicule
CN105492208A (zh) * 2013-08-27 2016-04-13 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 车身和用于涂装车身的方法
CN104785426A (zh) * 2015-02-13 2015-07-22 芜湖协诚金属制品有限公司 一种钢制蜗壳喷粉工艺方法
CN111707605A (zh) * 2020-07-15 2020-09-25 中铁山桥集团有限公司 一种高原地区钢桥面漆适用性检验方法
CN111707605B (zh) * 2020-07-15 2023-11-07 中铁山桥集团有限公司 一种高原地区钢桥面漆适用性检验方法

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