WO2006046290A1 - 廃棄物の焼却設備 - Google Patents
廃棄物の焼却設備 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006046290A1 WO2006046290A1 PCT/JP2004/015992 JP2004015992W WO2006046290A1 WO 2006046290 A1 WO2006046290 A1 WO 2006046290A1 JP 2004015992 W JP2004015992 W JP 2004015992W WO 2006046290 A1 WO2006046290 A1 WO 2006046290A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- amount
- waste
- evaporation amount
- combustion
- evaporation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a waste incineration facility, and more particularly to a device equipped with an auxiliary combustion device for increasing the temperature in an incinerator.
- the amount of heat in the furnace is a mixture of the amount of heat from the combustion of waste and the amount of heat from the combustion of fuel, but the burner is temporarily suspended when the temperature in the furnace decreases (insufficient).
- control related to the rise in furnace temperature and the increase in steam generation due to fuel supply is no mention of control related to the rise in furnace temperature and the increase in steam generation due to fuel supply.
- the amount of evaporation when the temperature inside the furnace or the amount of steam generated in a boiler installed in the incineration facility (hereinafter referred to as the amount of evaporation) is controlled to be constant (index), the total amount of evaporation is set. At the same time, the heat balance in the combustion for the last few hours was calculated. The lower calorific value of the waste was calculated. The amount of waste required to obtain the total evaporation was calculated and set along with the waste feed rate in the furnace. The amount of air for waste combustion was adjusted based on the deviation between the total evaporation and the measured evaporation.
- the amount of heat generated by the panner (the amount of steam generated by the amount of heat generated by the panner) is not taken into account. Will not be supplied.
- the lower calorific value of waste such as general waste
- the set value of evaporation for driving a steam turbine may be sufficient for combustion of waste, or far less (for example, Curve E in Fig. 6 shows the change in the amount of evaporation related to the lower calorific value of waste when viewed on a yearly basis, and the shaded area F indicates when the lower calorific value falls below the set value).
- Fig. 7 shows fluctuations in the amount of evaporation (same for the furnace temperature) generated by combustion of the waste during the control of the incinerator and combustion of auxiliary fuel using the furnace temperature as an index. . Therefore, the unstable period until convergence to the set furnace pressure is prolonged by adjusting the number of rotations of the induction fan and the opening degree of the damper for the separately controlled furnace pressure stability. Combustion control may be hindered. During this period, the induction blower and damper are frequently adjusted, so if the auxiliary combustion device is ignited again to recover from a sudden drop in the furnace temperature due to unintended misfire. Furthermore, it becomes more unstable and the time for convergence becomes longer.
- the present invention can appropriately supply waste combustion air so that a set amount of waste can be processed.
- the objective is to provide a waste combustion facility that enables stable combustion operation and stable generation of steam even in situations where the amount of evaporation greatly exceeds.
- the waste incineration facility of the present invention includes an incinerator (for example, a strike power furnace) for incinerating waste, a waste supply device for supplying waste to the incinerator, and the incinerator.
- Steam is generated by a combustion air supply device that supplies combustion air, an auxiliary combustion device that is provided in the incinerator and burns auxiliary fuel to raise the temperature in the furnace, and high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the incinerator
- a steam generator at least the waste supply device and the combustion air supply
- a control device for controlling the supply device, the auxiliary combustion device, and the steam generation device,
- the control device sets the total evaporation amount setting unit that sets the amount of steam generated by the entire facility (hereinafter referred to as total evaporation amount) and the amount of steam generated by waste (hereinafter referred to as waste evaporation amount).
- total evaporation amount the amount of steam generated by the entire facility
- waste evaporation amount the amount of steam generated by waste
- an evaporative amount setting unit that sets the lower heating value of the waste
- a lower heating value setting unit that sets the lower heating value of the auxiliary fuel
- the steam generator Total evaporation amount deviation that calculates the deviation by inputting the total evaporation amount measured by the evaporation amount measuring device that measures the evaporation amount and the total evaporation amount setting unit and the evaporation amount measuring device.
- combustion air correction amount calculation unit that calculates and outputs the combustion air correction amount based on the deviation in force, and waste set evaporation amount set by the evaporation amount setting unit Enter the lower heating value set in the waste lower heating value setting section.
- the waste supply amount calculation unit for calculating the waste supply amount and the waste supply amount, waste set evaporation amount, and waste low heat generation obtained by this waste supply amount calculation unit
- a reference air amount calculation unit that calculates the combustion reference air amount by inputting the amount, and a combustion air amount that calculates the combustion air amount to be supplied to the incinerator by adding the combustion reference air amount to the calculated combustion air correction amount.
- control device for the waste incineration facility is provided with a mode switch for switching between the mixed combustion mode using the auxiliary combustion device and the waste exclusive combustion mode without using the auxiliary fuel device,
- the current measured total evaporation amount is set to the initial value of the waste set evaporation amount, and the newly set target evaporation amount is set as the waste set evaporation amount.
- the waste set evaporation amount is fixed when the waste set evaporation amount approaches the target evaporation amount, and then the fixed waste set evaporation is fixed. Switch to control by deviation between the amount of evaporation and the set total evaporation, mixed combustion mode Run
- the current value of the set evaporation amount of the waste is sequentially changed so as to gradually approach the target evaporation amount of the newly set waste setting evaporation amount.
- the value of the waste set evaporation amount is fixed to the set total evaporation amount and the exclusive firing mode is executed.
- the control device of the waste incineration facility detects the misfiring of the auxiliary fuel by the auxiliary combustion device in the mixed combustion mode, the auxiliary fuel supply is stopped, and the value of the set total evaporation amount is set. This is the same as the waste set evaporation amount, and the special firing mode is executed.
- the current measured total evaporation amount is gradually set to the target evaporation amount when shifting from the waste firing mode to the mixed firing mode or from the mixed firing mode to the waste firing mode.
- the mode is completely switched to each mode control, so there is no sudden change in the furnace pressure, etc., compared to the case where it does not gradually shift. Therefore, the mode can be changed while performing stable combustion.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic overall configuration of a preferred waste incineration facility according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the incineration facility.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the amount of evaporation during control of the incinerator.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the amount of evaporation during control of a conventional incinerator.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the amount of waste combustion air during control of a conventional incinerator.
- FIG. 6 A graph showing the annual change in the amount of evaporation related to the lower heating value of waste.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the amount of evaporation per day in the portion F of FIG.
- the waste incineration facility incinerates solid waste such as general household waste in an incinerator and generates steam by exhaust heat generated in the incinerator, and the generated steam is converted into steam.
- the generator is driven to the turbine to generate electricity, and in the incinerator, in order to secure the amount of steam for power generation, the prescribed fuel is burned in an auxiliary manner. It is.
- this waste incinerator as shown in Fig. 1, for example, a solid incinerator 1 that incinerates solid waste such as general household waste, and the waste incinerator 1 Waste supply device 2 that supplies waste, combustion air supply device 3 that supplies combustion air into the incinerator 1, and a side wall of the flue of the incinerator 1, for example, immediately above the combustion chamber
- Auxiliary combustion device for example, a panner is used
- a steam generator (so-called boiler) 6 is provided in the incinerator 1 to recover the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas (exhaust heat) generated in the incinerator 1 and generate steam.
- the steam generator 6 includes a cooling water pipe (not shown) disposed on the furnace wall of the incinerator 1 and a cooling water pipe. Steam separator 6a that guides the high-temperature water heated and separates the steam and superheater that is placed in the lower part of the flue la of the incinerator 1 and that superheats the steam obtained in the steam separator 6a It is composed of vessel 6b.
- the control device 10 measures a steam generation amount (hereinafter referred to as evaporation amount! /), A calorific value, etc., as a target value in advance, and a state quantity such as the evaporation amount in this equipment. And a control system that controls the target value set by the setting system.
- the total evaporation amount setting unit 11 for setting the evaporation amount in the entire equipment (the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine, hereinafter referred to as the total evaporation amount), Evaporation amount setting unit 12 for setting the evaporation amount by waste (evaporation amount generated by heat from incineration of waste, also called waste evaporation amount), and lower waste for setting the lower heating value of waste
- a heat generation amount setting unit 13 and a fuel lower heat generation amount setting unit 14 for setting a lower heat generation amount of the auxiliary fuel are provided.
- the lower calorific value of waste is calculated based on the heat balance (balance between heat input and heat output) around the boiler in the last few hours of combustion. For example, it can be calculated as a moving average over a specified time. It is possible to display this calculated value and have the operator enter it manually by looking at it, or to automatically set it with the interval determined online.
- the amount of steam flowing in the steam transfer pipe (steam transfer path) 7 for guiding the steam from the steam generator 6 to the steam turbine 8, that is, the total evaporation generated in the steam generator 6 Evaporation meter (a flow meter is used) 21 for measuring the amount is provided, and a flame detector (infrared ray method or ultraviolet ray method) for detecting the ignition state of auxiliary fuel in the auxiliary combustion device 4 22 is provided).
- the measured total evaporation amount and ignition state obtained by these devices 21 and 22 are input to the control device 10.
- the control device 10 stops the supply of the auxiliary fuel in the auxiliary combustion device 4.
- the control system inputs the set total evaporation amount StSV from the total evaporation amount setting unit 11 and the measured total evaporation amount StPV measured by the evaporation amount measuring device 21, and calculates the deviation.
- a combustion air correction amount calculation unit (specifically, a PI control unit) 32 that calculates and outputs an air correction amount (for example, PI control is performed) and the evaporation amount setting unit 12 Enter the set evaporation amount (A) and the lower heating value (B) set in the waste lower heating value setting section 13 to calculate the waste supply amount (also incineration amount) (7?
- the reference air amount calculation unit 34 for calculating the combustion reference air amount and the combustion air correction amount obtained by the combustion air correction amount calculation unit 32 should be added to the combustion reference air amount and supplied to the incinerator 1.
- the fuel evaporation amount calculation unit 36 for calculating the fuel evaporation amount SfSV to be generated by the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel by inputting the waste set evaporation amount and the fuel evaporation amount calculation unit 36 Fuel to calculate the amount of auxiliary fuel to be burned (r? 2 XC ⁇ D) by inputting the fuel evaporation amount (C) and the fuel lower heating value (D) set in the fuel lower heating value setting unit 14 A quantity calculation unit 37 is provided.
- the control device 10 does not use auxiliary fuel or uses a special combustion mode temporarily as in the past.
- a switch (mode switch) 10a for switching between these modes is provided.
- the transition control operation from mixed combustion mode to exclusive combustion mode and the transition control operation from dedicated combustion mode to mixed combustion mode are determined separately, and countermeasures are also taken in case of troubles such as misfire or emergency stop of auxiliary combustion device 4. Control operations are determined, and these control operations will be explained in the section of overall control operations.
- the control in the auxiliary combustion device 4 in the mixed combustion mode that is not the control from the control device 10, the input of the ignition 'extinguishing command and the auxiliary fuel amount from the control device 10 is received. In other words, it is operated so as to automatically follow the amount of auxiliary fuel that has been added. Supply of auxiliary fuel based on volume The supply is automatically adjusted.
- the total evaporation amount StSV to be supplied to the steam turbine 8 the waste evaporation amount SrSV to be shared with the waste to be incinerated in the incinerator 1, and the lower heating value of the waste LHVr and lower heating value LHVf of fuel are set.
- the waste set evaporation amount is set to a value smaller than the set total evaporation amount.
- Combustion air is supplied to the incinerator 1 by the waste supply device 2 and the combustion air supply device 3 to burn the waste, and the auxiliary combustion device 4 raises the temperature of the furnace due to the combustion of the auxiliary fuel. Then, the high temperature exhaust gas is guided to the steam generator 6 to generate a predetermined amount of steam.
- the auxiliary combustion device 4 burns a predetermined amount of auxiliary fuel, and a waste amount corresponding to the waste set evaporation amount SrSV is supplied to the incinerator 1. Waste is incinerated.
- the force control device 10 that may fail to secure the set total evaporation amount StSV is controlled so as to be automatically secured.
- the deviation is obtained by the total evaporation amount deviation calculation unit 31 and from the combustion air correction amount calculation unit 32
- the output combustion air correction amount is added to the combustion reference air amount obtained by the reference air amount calculation unit 34 to obtain the combustion air amount supplied to the incinerator 1, and this combustion air amount is calculated. Supplied from the combustion air supply device 3 into the incinerator 1.
- the combustion of the auxiliary fuel is controlled as follows.
- the deviation between the set total evaporation amount StSV and the waste set evaporation amount Sr SV in the fuel evaporation amount calculation unit 36 (specifically, it corresponds to a decrease due to state fluctuations such as the quality and amount of waste)
- the fuel evaporation amount, which is the deviation is input to the fuel amount calculation unit 37, and the necessary auxiliary fuel amount is calculated based on the lower fuel heating value set manually or automatically as described above. Then, this amount of auxiliary fuel is supplied to the auxiliary combustion device 4 for combustion.
- control device 10 is provided with the mixed firing mode and the exclusive firing mode. Hereinafter, the control operation during the transition will be described.
- the set total evaporation amount is regarded as the waste set evaporation amount, and when shifting from the exclusive firing mode to the mixed combustion mode, the current measured total evaporation amount StPV is used as the waste set evaporation.
- the setting value of this waste set evaporation amount is changed one after another so as to approach the newly entered target evaporation amount (a value smaller than the current value) with a predetermined gradient. The amount of combustion air is calculated so that the measured total evaporation StPV follows this.
- the auxiliary combustion device is operated to compensate for the shortage of steam, and the amount of fuel gradually increases.
- the set total evaporation amount StSV is equal to the waste set evaporation amount
- the waste set evaporation amount is gradually decreased, and the auxiliary fuel amount is increased accordingly and discarded.
- the set evaporation amount reaches the above target evaporation amount and the deviation between the set total evaporation amount StSV and the measured total evaporation amount StPV is less than the allowable value oc due to the follow-up control, that value is set as the waste set evaporation.
- the mixed combustion mode is executed by switching to control using auxiliary fuel based on the deviation between the set waste evaporation amount and the set total evaporation amount StSV.
- the current waste set evaporation amount SrSV value is newly input as the target waste set evaporation amount evaporation amount (the current set total evaporation amount StSV To get closer to a certain gradient I)
- the setting is changed one after another, and the amount of auxiliary fuel is reduced accordingly.
- the transition control is switched from the transition control to the control in each mode.
- the special firing mode and mixed firing mode can be switched according to the seasonal change in the lower calorific value of the waste, for example, when the lower calorific value is large, the special firing mode may be used. .
- the waste set evaporation amount SrSV and the set total evaporation amount StSV The deviation is slightly smaller than when maintaining the co-firing mode.Therefore, it is not possible to supply a large amount of waste combustion air, so that hunting does not occur and the furnace is overcooled. Nor. In addition, the stability is faster than when hunting occurs.
- the set total evaporation amount StSV and the waste set evaporation amount SrSV are set to the same value.
- the auxiliary combustion apparatus 4 is controlled independently in the exclusive combustion mode.
- the control mode at the time of transition is changed to another mode. Since the control is switched to the mode, the mode can be changed while performing stable combustion as compared with the case where the mode is not gradually shifted.
- misfire of auxiliary fuel becomes an unstable element such as control hunting and temperature drop in the furnace, but in this embodiment, instability corresponding to the amount of auxiliary fuel used occurs. Since it is immediately switched to the exclusive firing mode, hunting does not occur and stabilization can be achieved relatively quickly.
- waste oil is used first, and if it is lost, unused oil may be used. Good.
- an auxiliary combustion apparatus of a type that inputs high-calorie fuel such as coal may be used.
- the waste incineration facility of the present invention guides exhaust gas generated in an incinerator for incinerating waste to a steam generator, and drives the steam turbine with the generated steam to generate power. It is suitable for equipment that is equipped with an auxiliary combustion device for raising the temperature inside the incinerator, especially in an incinerator.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/015992 WO2006046290A1 (ja) | 2004-10-28 | 2004-10-28 | 廃棄物の焼却設備 |
| CNB200480043722XA CN100487311C (zh) | 2004-10-28 | 2004-10-28 | 废弃物的焚烧设备 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/015992 WO2006046290A1 (ja) | 2004-10-28 | 2004-10-28 | 廃棄物の焼却設備 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006046290A1 true WO2006046290A1 (ja) | 2006-05-04 |
Family
ID=36227542
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/015992 Ceased WO2006046290A1 (ja) | 2004-10-28 | 2004-10-28 | 廃棄物の焼却設備 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100487311C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006046290A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2025072479A (ja) * | 2021-11-24 | 2025-05-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ボイラシステム、及びボイラシステムの運転方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103900092B (zh) * | 2014-03-26 | 2017-03-22 | 广州环投技术设备有限公司 | 城市生活垃圾焚烧炉自动燃烧控制系统 |
| JP6987659B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-31 | 2022-01-05 | 三菱パワー株式会社 | ボイラの制御装置及び制御方法 |
| CN111059548A (zh) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 武汉深能环保新沟垃圾发电有限公司 | 一种焚烧炉风量自动控制方法、系统、设备及存储介质 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001349520A (ja) * | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-21 | Nkk Corp | 一般廃棄物焼却炉及びその操業方法 |
| JP2004037049A (ja) * | 2002-07-08 | 2004-02-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法及びその装置 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1320309C (zh) * | 2003-03-27 | 2007-06-06 | 株式会社田熊 | 填料器式垃圾焚烧炉的自动燃烧控制方法 |
| CN1208576C (zh) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-06-29 | 华中科技大学 | 垃圾焚烧炉焚烧过程的控制方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-10-28 CN CNB200480043722XA patent/CN100487311C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-28 WO PCT/JP2004/015992 patent/WO2006046290A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001349520A (ja) * | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-21 | Nkk Corp | 一般廃棄物焼却炉及びその操業方法 |
| JP2004037049A (ja) * | 2002-07-08 | 2004-02-05 | Kobe Steel Ltd | ガス化溶融炉の燃焼制御方法及びその装置 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2025072479A (ja) * | 2021-11-24 | 2025-05-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ボイラシステム、及びボイラシステムの運転方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100487311C (zh) | 2009-05-13 |
| CN1993584A (zh) | 2007-07-04 |
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