WO2006040943A1 - 固形有機物の液化方法および固形有機物の液化装置 - Google Patents
固形有機物の液化方法および固形有機物の液化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006040943A1 WO2006040943A1 PCT/JP2005/018116 JP2005018116W WO2006040943A1 WO 2006040943 A1 WO2006040943 A1 WO 2006040943A1 JP 2005018116 W JP2005018116 W JP 2005018116W WO 2006040943 A1 WO2006040943 A1 WO 2006040943A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- solid organic
- acid
- organic matter
- heating
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Definitions
- Solid organic matter liquefaction method and solid organic matter liquefaction apparatus Solid organic matter liquefaction apparatus
- the present invention is a method of liquidating waste containing a large amount of solid organic matter, such as raw garbage discharged from factories and general household power, in a short time without generating bad odors.
- the present invention relates to a liquid method and a liquid device for a solid organic substance capable of greatly reducing the amount.
- organic waste such as dust, paper, and leaves is discharged by cleaning indoors and outdoors.
- liquids such as water and gases such as indoor air are purified by utilizing solid-liquid separation techniques such as various filtrations, filter presses, natural precipitation, and centrifugal separation. Waste containing organic matter is discharged.
- the apparatus of FIG. 6 includes a bottomed outer device 61 and an inner device 62 housed in the outer device 61.
- a through hole 64 having a predetermined shape is formed at the bottom of the internal unit 62.
- four legs 63 are provided at the bottom of the inner unit 62, and a predetermined interval is maintained between the bottom 65 of the outer unit 61 and the bottom of the inner unit 62.
- a liquid fertilizer extraction valve 66 is disposed at a position higher than the position of the outer wall of the outer unit 61 corresponding to the height of the bottom of the inner unit 62.
- a lid body 68 and a lid body 67 are provided on the outer unit 61 and the inner unit 62, respectively.
- the outer unit 61 is sealed by the lid body 68, and the inner unit 62 is sealed by the lid body 67.
- the lid 67 of the inner unit 62 is provided with a closing opening that can be opened and closed.
- a heater 69 and a blower fan 70 are disposed on the upper surface of the lid 67 of the inner unit 62.
- the air force heated by the heater 69 is sent to the inner unit 62 through the blower nozzle 71 by the blower fan 70.
- the air in the inner unit 62 is discharged to the outer unit 61 through the ventilation pipe 72.
- the inner unit 62 is provided with a shaft 73 provided with a crushing blade at the tip for crushing and stirring the organic matter.
- the shaft 73 is rotatably supported by a bearing 74 installed on the lid 67.
- water containing microorganisms is filled up to predetermined positions of the outer unit 61 and the inner unit 62.
- the lid 68 of the outer unit 61 and the lid 67 of the inner unit 62 are opened and an organic substance is introduced, and the organic substance is brought into contact with water containing microorganisms.
- the organic matter liquidized by the microorganisms in the inner unit 62 is separated into solid and liquid (filtered) through the through holes 64.
- the liquefied organic matter is matured in the outer vessel, and the produced microorganisms and enzymes move freely through the through holes 64 between the inner vessel 62 and the outer vessel 61, and the organic matter. It is reused for hydrolysis and digestion fermentation.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 2563013
- Patent Document 1 still has the following problems. (1) Since organic matter is liquefied using microorganisms, it is difficult to produce stable characteristics against environmental changes such as temperature changes. (2) It is necessary to manage so that microorganisms do not die.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for liquefying and reducing the volume of organic matter and garbage with simple operations and efficiently.
- solid organic matter is converted into at least one of halous acid and hypohalous acid.
- the present invention relates to a method for liquefying a solid organic material, wherein the solid organic material is liquefied by contacting at least a part of the solid organic material by bringing the acid / aqueous solution into contact with the acidic / aqueous solution, and heating the acidic / aqueous solution at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher.
- liquefaction means that organic substances and garbage are reduced in molecular weight by hydrolysis or oxidative decomposition and become themselves liquid (including slurry), and water added by increasing the solubility of solubles. To dissolve.
- Solid organic matter means, for example, agricultural waste, livestock waste, marine waste, woody waste, solid waste such as food processing waste, food waste (restaurant), room Dust collected by cleaning, hair, etc. are included. Of solid waste and garbage, those with a high water content should be drained in advance to concentrate the organic matter as much as possible.
- polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose, proteins such as albumin and keratin, lipids, amino acids, saccharides, organic acids, organic acid salts, organic acid esters, microorganisms, viruses, black mouth form, and trichlorethylene
- volatile organic compounds such as trihalomethane
- pesticides such as simazine
- protozoa such as cryptosporidium
- allaldehydes such as formaldehyde
- nicotine tar and pollen can be treated.
- the acid water contains at least anodic water obtained by electrolyzing water containing at least one of chlorine and a halogen salt.
- the pH of the acid water is preferably less than 8.
- the heating temperature is preferably 180 ° C or lower.
- the present invention provides a storage unit for bringing a solid organic substance into contact with oxidized water containing at least one of nitrous acid, rhogenic acid, hypochlorous acid, and rogenic acid, and supplies the oxidized water to the storing unit.
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying solid organic matter, comprising: a means for supplying oxidized water, a heating means for heating solid organic matter and oxidized water in a container, and a sealing means for sealing the container.
- the oxidized water supply means includes electrolyzed water generating means, and the electrolyzed water generating means is disposed between an anode, a cathode, and the anode and the cathode. It is preferable to provide an electrolytic cell that includes a diaphragm and contains water containing at least one of chlorine and a halogen salt, and an energization device for energizing between the anode and the cathode.
- the solid organic matter liquefying apparatus further includes a pH measuring means for measuring the pH of the oxidized water and a pH adjusting means for adjusting the pH of the acid water.
- the solid organic matter liquefying apparatus further includes a temperature adjusting unit that measures the temperature of the oxidized water in the container and adjusts the temperature by heating.
- a discharge portion that discharges at least a part of the contents of the storage portion is provided at a lower portion of the storage portion, and a bottom portion of the storage portion is directed to the discharge portion. It is preferable to incline so that it is low!
- the organic matter can be liquefied by heating the oxidizing water containing the oxidizing substance and the solid organic matter, it is not necessary to use microorganisms. Therefore, the liquid property of organic matter does not become unstable due to changes in the surrounding environment. As a result, it is possible to constantly and stably liquidate organic matter as compared to conventional liquid treatment of organic matter using microorganisms. Furthermore, since no microorganism is used, it is not necessary to manage the microorganism. In addition, after the treatment of the solid organic matter, the liquid matter and the remaining solid content generated by the liquefaction treatment of the solid organic matter are simply taken out, so that the maintenance of the apparatus becomes easy.
- the liquid can be drained into the sewer, the amount of solid organic matter discharged can be greatly reduced. This can greatly reduce the burden of collecting garbage.
- the liquid substance contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and minerals contained in the solid organic substance, it can be used as a fertilizer. If the composition of the solid organic matter to be disposed of is almost constant, confirm the components of the obtained liquid substance by analysis, etc., and adjust the pH to use it as liquid fertilizer for fields, horticulture, road fences, etc. You can also Brief Description of Drawings
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 30 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 40 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 50 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a conventional organic substance liquefying apparatus.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a solid organic matter liquid crystal device used in the present invention.
- the solid organic matter liquefying apparatus 10 in FIG. 1 includes a storage portion 11 for storing the solid organic matter 17 and oxidized water 18 containing an oxidizing substance, and a lid for closing the inlet 12 provided in the storage portion 11. 13, inlet port sealing valve 14 provided in lid 13, oxidized water supply means 15 for supplying oxidized water 18 containing an oxidizing substance, organic substance 17 and oxidized water 18 in container 11 are heated. Heating means 16 are provided. Further, the liquid tank device 10 includes a pressure release valve 19 for releasing the pressure to the outside when the pressure in the housing portion 11 becomes higher than a predetermined value during heating.
- the sealing means for sealing the inside of the accommodating portion 11 is composed of the inlet sealing valve 14 and the pressure release valve 19.
- the liquefaction of the solid organic substance can be performed by using the liquid apparatus 10 as follows.
- the lid portion 13 is turned in the direction of the arrow, and the solid organic matter 17 is introduced into the accommodating portion 11 from the insertion port 12.
- the oxidized water supply means 15 fills the oxidized water 18 containing the oxidizing substance up to a predetermined position in the container 11, and the organic substance 17 and the oxidized water 18 containing the oxidizing substance (Step (1)).
- the oxidized water 18 may be added before the solid organic matter 17. The same applies to the following embodiments.
- the organic substance 17 in the container 11 and the acid water 18 containing the acidic substance are heated at a temperature of 100 ° C or higher by the heating means 16 provided in the lower part of the container 11. Then, the organic matter is liquefied and the volume is reduced (step (2)). At this time, the lid portion 13 is closed, the inlet closing valve 14 is closed tightly, and the housing portion 11 is sealed so that steam during heating does not leak to the outside. Note that when the pressure in the container during heating becomes too high, the pressure is released to the outside by the pressure release valve 19.
- the acidic substance includes at least one of nitrous acid and hypochlorogenic acid.
- Halogenous acid includes chlorous acid, bromous acid, and iodic acid
- hypohalous acid includes hypochlorous acid, hypobromite, and hypoiodous acid.
- chlorous acid, bromous acid, hypochlorous acid, and hypochlorous acid are preferred.
- the concentration of the oxidizing substance contained in the oxidized water is preferably in the range of 50 to 2000 ppm. If the concentration of the acidic substance is less than 50 ppm, the oxidizing power is insufficient. On the other hand, when the concentration of the oxidizing substance is higher than 2000 ppm, the portion that comes into contact with the oxidized water in the force storage portion where the acid squid is sufficient will be greatly corroded.
- the above acidic substances include ozone, hydrogen peroxide, permanganate ions, chlorine, dichromate ions, oxygen, carbon dioxide, in addition to nitrous acid and Z or hypochlorogenic acid. Chlorine and hypochlorite ions may further be included. These may be used alone or in combination.
- the temperature when heating the solid organic substance and the oxidized water containing the oxidizing substance is such that the solid organic substance is sufficiently reduced in molecular weight by the oxidized water. It is preferable to set the temperature to be liquefied.
- the heating temperature is preferably 100 ° C or higher, more preferably 100 ° C or higher and 180 ° C or lower.
- the heating temperature is less than 100 ° C, the hydrolysis reaction necessary for reducing the molecular weight of organic substances does not occur sufficiently, and liquefaction of solid organic substances may not proceed.
- the heating temperature exceeds 180 ° C, even if the solid organic substance has a low molecular weight, the organic substance having a low molecular weight is polymerized to become a polymer such as tar, and the liquid of the solid organic substance does not greatly advance. Sometimes. Furthermore, after liquefaction, a large amount of tar-like deposits adhere to the inner wall of the housing part, resulting in poor maintainability.
- a high-temperature facility is required, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety.
- the generated tar is reduced and the efficiency of the liquid is increased, so that the heating temperature is particularly preferably 100 ° C or higher and 150 ° C or lower.
- the heating time is adjusted to an optimum time depending on the heating temperature when decomposing the organic substance, the concentration of the oxidizing substance, and the like. For example, 100 to 500 g of acidified water having an oxidizing substance concentration in the range of 500 to 2000 ppm is heated at 100 to 180 ° C. with respect to various lOOg of raw garbage. In this case, the solid organic matter can be liquefied in 0.5 to 20 hours under any combination conditions. If the heating time is shorter than this range of time, the amount of residual solids increases. When the heating time is longer than this range, the concentration of the oxidizing substance is high and the amount of organic matter to be decomposed is small. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the concentration of the acidic substances contained in the oxidized water and the oxidation are adjusted according to the amount of solid organic substances so that it can be processed in at least about 5 hours. It is preferable to adjust the amount of water and the heating temperature.
- the inlet closing valve 14 is opened, the lid 13 is opened, Remove the liquid from the inlet 12.
- the liquid after heating can also be used as liquid fertilizer.
- the effect of the oxidizing substance to oxidize the solid organic matter is as great as possible.
- hypochlorous acid or chlorous acid when used as the oxidizing substance, protons dissociate into ions when the pH increases.
- hypochlorous acid HCIO
- CIO— increases and the oxidizing power of the oxidized water decreases. Therefore, when hypochlorous acid or chlorous acid is used as an oxidizing substance, the pH of the acid water is so high that it exists in an acid type (electrically neutral) state that is ionic. , Preferably less than 8.
- the acid form is 90% or more, so it is particularly preferable that the pH of the acid water is 6.5 or less.
- the acid / water supply means 15 is not particularly limited as long as it can supply the acid / water 18 containing the acid substance.
- the supply of the acid water 18 may be performed automatically or manually depending on the amount of the acid water in the housing unit.
- Oxidized water 18 containing oxidizing substances can be obtained by, for example, dissolving ozone generated by an ozone generator in water, or separately storing hydrogen peroxide (diluted for ease of storage) or liquid.
- Oxidized water containing an oxidizing substance can be generated by adding chlorine to water.
- add sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite (including highly bleached powder), potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, etc. to water and ionize the ionic species. You may produce the acid water containing as a water-soluble substance.
- hydrochloric acid can be added to sodium chlorite to produce diacid chloride, and this chlorine dioxide can be mixed with water to produce oxidized water.
- the oxidizing water supply means can generate the acid water 18 as described above. Equipped with water generation means.
- the acid water supply means 15 includes, for example, an acid water containing an acid substance and a plastic containing the acid water. It can consist of a container and a valve. For this reason, it can be configured very inexpensively. Further, the oxidized water supply means may be provided with, for example, a valve control device or the like so that the oxidized water is automatically supplied by the acidic water supply means.
- Oxidized water containing these oxidizing substances can be prepared, for example, by diluting water containing an oxidizing substance at a high concentration in water, except that an ozone generator is used.
- Some of the oxidizing substances mentioned above need to be handled as first-class dangerous goods, and these should be handled by, for example, those with a license for dangerous goods handlers. is there
- the pH of the acid water is less than 8.
- the container 11 is made of a material having sufficient durability against acid corrosion and pressure increase in the state where the oxidized water containing the oxidizing substance and the solid organic substance are heated under the condition of pH 8 or less. It is preferable that As such a constituent material, it is preferable to use a material that can avoid corrosion during heating or corrosion due to liquefied organic substances as much as possible.
- the inner surface where liquid materials containing liquid organic materials come into contact is made of stainless steel such as SUS304 and SUS316, heat resistant alloys such as Hastelloy and Inconel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), It is preferably coated with fluorine resin such as perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA).
- the accommodating portion itself may be configured with the material force as described above.
- a means capable of heating the solid organic matter and the acid-soaked water in the accommodating portion can be used without any particular limitation.
- Examples of such a heating means include an electric heating means using Julian heat, a combustion means using combustion heat of gas or petroleum, a heat pump, an induction heating means, and the like.
- heating means that heats by electric heating or the like as the heating means
- such heating means can be installed on the inner wall of the housing part, or the piping can be coiled like a throwing heater and directly into the water inside the housing part. It is preferable to make it contact. This form As a result, the heating efficiency can be increased.
- the inside of the accommodating part may be dried using a heating means so that various germs do not propagate.
- the sealing means for sealing the housing portion is a space that closes the housing portion so that water vapor or gas due to heating does not escape to the atmosphere while the solid organic matter and the oxidizing substance in the housing portion are heated. If it can be.
- the sealing means also includes an inlet sealing valve and a pressure release valve force for sealing the inlet into which the oxidizing water containing the oxidizing substance or the organic substance is introduced. By closing these during heating, it is possible to seal the housing.
- the inlet sealing valve and the pressure release valve constituting the sealing means are configured so that the pressure inside the accommodating portion is increased when the oxidizing water containing the organic substance and the oxidizing substance in the accommodating portion is heated with the accommodating portion sealed.
- the container has a pressure resistance so that the container can be closed even in the pressure state. Also, since the opening is only the inlet 12, the pressure resistance is easy to increase.
- the pressure release valve also has a function of releasing steam or the like inside the storage section when the internal pressure of the storage section increases excessively due to abnormal gas generation.
- the pressure at which this pressure release valve operates can be set to a value smaller than that for ensuring the strength of the accommodating portion (for example, a value of several MPa or less).
- the inlet can be used as it is.
- the contents in the container 11 can be taken out from the input port by turning the device upside down.
- the liquefaction apparatus of the present embodiment preferably further includes a temperature adjusting means (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the oxidized water in the container and adjusting the temperature of the acid water by the heating means. .
- the oxidizing water is maintained at 100 ° C or higher by the temperature adjusting means.
- the temperature adjusting means can be composed of, for example, a thermocouple and a temperature control device connected to the thermocouple.
- the temperature adjusting means and the heating means may be integrated, or may be connected by a cable or the like.
- the heating temperature by the heating means is preferably adjusted by the temperature adjusting means so as to be 180 ° C. or lower.
- FIG. 2 shows a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 20 that works in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals.
- the acid / water supply means 21 includes electrolyzed water generating means (not shown) for generating electrolyzed water 22.
- the heating means 16 is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the accommodating portion 11.
- the heating means 16 may be provided in the lower part of the accommodating portion 11 as in the first embodiment.
- a communication hole that connects the inside and the outside of the storage portion 11 is provided in the wall portion near the bottom of the storage portion 11, and the discharge portion 23 is connected to the communication hole.
- a mesh-like member 24 such as a net or a filter is disposed inside the accommodating portion 11 at a predetermined height of the bottom force of the accommodating portion 11.
- the discharge portion 23 is not blocked by the organic matter that is insufficiently liquefied, and the liquid matter and solid matter are separately discharged. be able to. That is, by providing the mesh member 24 as described above, only the liquid material can be discharged from the discharge portion 23.
- the sealing means includes the inlet closing valve 14, the pressure release valve 19 and the discharge part 23. By closing these, the accommodating portion 11 can be sealed.
- the discharge unit 23 may be any unit that discharges the liquid material in the storage unit 11 to the outside, can withstand the pressure during heating, and can control the opening and closing thereof.
- the communication hole to which the discharge part is connected is provided in the wall part near the bottom part of the accommodating part. Therefore, discharge
- the electrolyzed water 22 generated by the electrolyzed water generating means is used as oxidized water containing an oxidizing substance.
- the electrolyzed water obtained by the electrolyzed water generating means can be supplied to the housing portion by the oxidized water supplying means.
- the electrolyzed water 22 is generated by electrolyzing (hereinafter, also referred to as electrolysis) water containing at least one of chlorine and a halogen salt.
- chloride, bromide, and fluoride are used as the halogen salt.
- Electrolyzed water already contains an oxidizing substance such as hypochlorous acid and hydrogen peroxide. This facilitates handling without the need to add an oxidizing substance as a drug. Electrolyzed water can also be obtained by electrolyzing tap water containing residual chlorine. Increase the amount of acid substances! ] In order to generate electrolyzed water, it is preferable to electrolyze water containing a halogen salt as described above.
- the pH of the electrolyzed water is preferably less than 8.
- hypohalous acid when included as an oxidizing substance, it is more preferable that hypochlorous acid has a proton (charge neutral state). This is because the acidity is strong.
- the electrolyzed water generating means may be any means that can generate electrolyzed water containing the acidifying substance.
- the electrolyzed water generating means there is an electrolytic device comprising an electrolytic cell, an anode and a cathode disposed in the electrolytic cell with a diaphragm, and an energizing device for energizing between the anode and the cathode.
- an electrolytic device comprising an electrolytic cell, an anode and a cathode disposed in the electrolytic cell with a diaphragm, and an energizing device for energizing between the anode and the cathode.
- electrolyzed water is produced as follows.
- water containing at least one of chlorine and a halogen salt is put into an electrolytic cell having an anode and a cathode arranged through a diaphragm.
- a direct current voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode to electrolyze the water.
- acidic electrolyzed water containing hypochlorous acid or the like is generated in the vicinity of the anode, so that the electrolyzed water can be used as oxidized water containing an oxidizing substance.
- anode and the cathode are separated by a diaphragm, it is possible to separately take out the anode water and the cathode water without mixing.
- strongly acidic electrolyzed water that is anodized water may be used as the oxidizing water.
- an electrolysis apparatus including an electrolysis tank, an anode and a cathode disposed in the electrolysis tank without a diaphragm, and an energization device for energizing between the anode and the cathode is used. May be.
- the electrolyzed water generated near the anode and the electrolyzed water generated near the cathode are naturally mixed.
- Weakly acidic electrolyzed water obtained by the mixing can be used as acidified water.
- an electrode used for the electrolysis a material usually used in an electrolysis reaction, for example, the surface thereof is ruthenium, iridium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, tin, or an oxide thereof.
- the electrode itself may be composed of ruthenium, iridium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, tin, or an oxide thereof, or a ferrite isotropic force.
- the surface of the base material of the electrode may be coated with ruthenium, iridium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, tin, or an oxide thereof, or flite.
- alloys of these metals are also preferably used.
- the alloy include platinum-iridium alloy, ruthenium-tin alloy, and ruthenium-titanium alloy.
- the above metals and the like have excellent corrosion resistance and are suitable for use as positive electrodes.
- Electrodes for generating chlorine, insolubility, safety of electrolyzed water, and durability during reverse voltage cleaning are required.
- Such electrodes are preferably composed mainly of nobledium, ruthenium, an alloy of platinum and iridium, and the like.
- the cathode is not particularly required to be insoluble. For this reason, for example, it is possible to use a cathode having a nickel alloy power such as stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium or a titanium alloy, No, Steloy, Inconel or the like.
- the electrolysis is preferably carried out under conditions of, for example, a voltage of 5 to 50 V and a current of 0.5 to 600 AZ m 2 per electrode surface area.
- a voltage of 5 to 50 V When the current density is higher than 600 AZm 2 , the surface of the anode is peeled off or the anode itself is easily eluted.
- the current density When the current density is less than 0.5 A / m 2, it is necessary to increase the area of the anode, and it is difficult to reduce the size of the electrolyzed water generating means.
- Ceramic, rosin, glass fiber, or the like can be used for the diaphragm.
- a non-woven fabric such as polyester or glass fiber has pores having a pore diameter of 0.2 to 200 m. The thing made hydrophilic by attaching a fat film is mentioned.
- an acid-resistant material can be used as the electrolytic cell.
- the acid resistant material include vinyl chloride resin, polypropylene, and polyethylene.
- the piping for supplying electrolyzed water may be made of a hard salt or vinyl tube.
- the electrolyzed water is generated by the acidic anode water generated at the anode by electrolysis, the alkaline cathode water generated at the cathode, and the anode water and cathode generated at the anode. And weakly acidic electrolyzed water combined with the cathodic water.
- acidic water, slightly acidic water, electrolytic hyponitrous acid, alkaline water, and the like can be formed.
- the resulting electrolytic water contains, for example, hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ion, and Z or chlorine. It is at this time, it is preferable that the effective chlorine concentration containing hypochlorous acid, hypochlorite ion and chlorine contained in the electrolyzed water is adjusted to 50 to 2000 ppm. If the effective chlorine concentration of the electrolyzed water is less than 50 ppm, the oxidizing power is insufficient. If the effective chlorine concentration exceeds 2000 ppm, the acid scent is sufficient, but the parts that are in contact with the electrolyzed water, such as the housing, will be corroded. This also applies to the following third to fifth embodiments.
- the electrolyzed water generating means is composed of an electrolytic cell, a pair of electrodes, and the like, and only electrolyzes water containing an electrolyte such as a halogen salt. Becomes easy. Therefore, the liquid crystal device according to the present embodiment is not only used in a factory where a chemical substance management system can be realized, but also used in places where it is difficult to manage chemical substances such as ordinary households and restaurants. It becomes possible.
- the lid portion 13 of the storage unit 11 is turned in the direction of the arrow, and the solid organic matter 17 is input into the storage unit 11 from the input port 12.
- electrolyzed water generation hand The electrolyzed water 22 produced in the stage is filled to a predetermined position in the housing part 11 by the acid / water supply means 21 and the solid organic matter is brought into contact with the electrolyzed water.
- the organic residue remaining without liquefaction can be taken out and discarded.
- it can be liquefied by immersing it in the electrolyzed water 22 together with other organic substances and repeating the heating.
- heating it is preferable to remove the organic matter from the container 11 and dispose of it when the capacity of the organic matter no longer decreases.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 30 that works in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals.
- the sealing means for sealing the housing part 11 is composed of the inlet closing valve 14, the pressure release valve 19, and the discharge part 23, as in the second embodiment.
- the liquid tank device 30 of FIG. 3 further includes pH adjusting means 31 for adjusting the pH of the electrolyzed water before heating. Further, pH measuring means 32 is provided at the lower part of the accommodating part 11. Examples of the pH measuring means 32 include a pH sensor.
- the pH of the electrolyzed water is preferably less than 8.
- the pH of the electrolyzed water can be adjusted as follows.
- the pH measuring means 32 Measure the pH of the electrolyzed water 22 before heating in the container 11 with the pH measuring means 32, and drop the pH adjusting solution 33 into the electrolyzed water 22 so that the pH of the electrolyzed water 22 before heating is less than 8. .
- the pH adjustment solution may be dropped manually while observing the value of the pH measuring means 32, or automatically so that the pH value of the electrolytic water 22 is a predetermined value less than pH 8. You may make it appear.
- the pH measuring means 32 and the pH adjusting means 31 are connected as shown in FIG.
- the oxidized water supply means 21 includes electrolytic water generating means, and the anodic water generated by the electrolyzed water generating means is used as the oxidized water, the acid water may be too acidic. For this reason, the pH of the anode water may be adjusted so that the pH is less than 8 by using the cathode water as a pH adjusting solution.
- the amount of the organic matter and a predetermined amount of liquid in contact with the organic matter (predetermined pH
- predetermined pH The relationship between the pH of the electrolyzed water having a value and the pH of the pH adjusting solution 33 having another predetermined pH value) can be clarified in advance. In that case, it is not necessary to measure the pH of the electrolyzed water in contact with the organic matter for each treatment. It is possible to set the amount of additional force.
- the pH adjusting means 31 one that can adjust the pH of the electrolyzed water before heating in the accommodating portion 11 to less than 8 can be used without particular limitation.
- the pH adjusting means 31 can be composed of, for example, a pH adjusting solution, a plastic container for containing this aqueous solution, and a valve.
- the pH of the electrolyzed water 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of the pH adjusting solution 33 while confirming the pH value of the electrolyzed water 22 measured by the pH measuring means 32.
- the electrolytic water producing means there is no need to adjust the P H of the electrolytic water. For this reason, electrolyzed water produced by electrolyzing water containing at least one of chlorine and halogen salts in a electrolytic cell with a pair of electrodes can be used.
- the electrolyzed water generating means may be configured not to require a diaphragm as described above. Can be manufactured at low cost.
- Examples of the pH adjusting solution 33 used for reducing the pH of the electrolyzed water to less than 8 include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and acids such as organic acids. Or an aqueous solution containing these acids Can be used as a pH adjuster.
- a liquefaction apparatus equipped with pH adjusting means When a liquefaction apparatus equipped with pH adjusting means is installed in a general household restaurant where it is difficult to manage chemical substances, it is preferable to use a weak acid such as acetic acid as the pH adjusting liquid.
- a weak acid such as acetic acid
- the user can use, for example, an aqueous solution containing general edible vinegar at a low concentration as a pH adjusting solution.
- the pH of the electrolyzed water can be set to a predetermined value. There is no need to adjust the pH of the electrolyzed water using pH adjustment means.
- the electrolyzed water generating means preferably has means for mixing the anode water and the cathode water.
- the pH of the electrolyzed water is preferably 6.5 or less as described above. If the pH of the electrolyzed water is 6.5 or lower, the presence of hypochlorous acid will be 90% or higher, and the acidity of the electrolyzed water can be maintained high.
- FIG. 4 shows a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 40 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 2 are given the same numbers.
- the sealing means includes the input port closing valve 14, the pressure release valve 19, and the discharge portion 23.
- the liquid container device 40 of FIG. 4 includes a neutralizing means 41 for neutralizing the liquid material generated after heating in the accommodating portion 11. Further, below the mesh-like member 24 in the accommodating part 11, a pH measuring means 42 for measuring the pH of the liquid substance, such as a pH sensor, is provided.
- the pH of the liquid in the container 11 is measured by the pH measuring means 42, and the neutralizing solution 43 is added by the neutralizing means 41 so that the pH of the liquid becomes a predetermined value. Dripping. At this time, when the neutralizing solution 43 is dropped, the pH of the liquid is measured until the pH of the liquid reaches a predetermined value. You can add the neutralizing solution manually while measuring by means 42 /.
- the amount of neutralizing solution to be added may be obtained from the amount of electrolyzed water added before heating and the pH of the liquid after heating, and the amount may be automatically added to the liquid. .
- the pH measuring means 42 and the neutralizing means 41 are connected as shown in FIG.
- the neutralizing means 41 can be used without particular limitation, as long as it can neutralize a strongly acidic liquid material to near neutrality.
- the neutralizing means 41 can be composed of, for example, a neutralizing solution, a plastic container for storing the neutralizing solution, and a valve.
- an alkaline aqueous solution can be used as the neutralizing solution 43.
- the alkaline aqueous solution include an aqueous solution in which sodium thiosulfate, caustic soda, slaked lime, etc. are dissolved, and aqueous ammonia.
- the oxidized water supply means 21 includes the electrolyzed water generating means, alkaline electrolyzed water is generated, so that the alkaline electrolyzed water can be used as a neutralizing solution.
- the liquid tank device further includes the neutralizing means 41 and the pH measuring means 42.
- the strongly acidic liquid material generated after heating can be neutralized. For this reason, it is possible to discharge the liquid material to the sewer pipe without performing complicated operations or to use the liquid material as liquid fertilizer.
- FIG. 5 shows a solid organic matter liquid crystal device 50 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals.
- the liquefying device 50 in FIG. 5 includes an electrolyzed water injection control means 51 and electrolyzed water generating means (not shown).
- the electrolyzed water injection control means 51 controls the injection of the electrolyzed water into the accommodating portion.
- one end of the discharge pipe 54 is connected to the wall portion near the bottom of the housing portion 11. Connected to through hole. The other end of the discharge pipe 54 is directly connected to the sewer pipe 59.
- a mesh member 24 is provided at a predetermined position inside the accommodating portion 11, and the interior of the accommodating portion 11 is divided into an upper portion and a lower portion by the mesh member 24. Further, the accommodating portion 11 communicates with the discharge pipe 54 from a predetermined position on the wall portion opposite to the wall portion provided with the discharge pipe 54 as a discharge portion toward the wall portion provided with the discharge pipe 54. A sloped bottom portion 55 is provided so as to be lowered to the position of the communication hole.
- the liquefaction apparatus 50 of the present embodiment includes a water supply unit 58 for supplying water to the electrolyzed water generation unit, and a temperature measurement unit 56 for measuring the temperature of the contents in the storage unit 11. Is further provided.
- the sealing means is composed of the inlet closing valve 14, the pressure release valve 19, the electrolyzed water injection control means 51, the atmosphere release control means 52, and the discharge control means 53.
- FIG. 5 shows a state in which the electrolyzed water injection control means 51, the atmosphere release control means 52, and the discharge control means 53 are closed.
- the liquid method is basically the same as in the first embodiment also in the present embodiment.
- a solid organic substance (not shown) is introduced into the storage unit 11 from the input port 12 disposed at the top of the storage unit 11.
- the electrolyzed water generated by the electrolyzed water generating means is filled up to a predetermined position inside the container 11 by the electrolyzed water injection control means 51, and the solid organic matter and the electrolyzed water are brought into contact with each other.
- the inlet 12 is closed by the lid 13 and the inlet closing valve 14 is closed tightly. Further, the accommodating portion 11 is sealed by closing the electrolyzed water injection control means 51, the atmosphere release control means 52, the discharge control means 53, and the pressure release valve 19.
- the operations of the electrolyzed water injection control means 51, the atmosphere release control means 52, and the discharge control means 53 may be performed automatically or manually.
- the solid organic substance and the electrolyzed water in the container 11 are heated by the heating means 16 to liquidize the organic substance.
- the heating temperature and the like at this time are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the temperature measurement means 56 liquefies the inside of the container 11. Confirm that the temperature of the liquid 57 containing solid organic matter has cooled below 45 ° C. this is
- the temperature of the water flowing into the sewer pipe is preferably less than 45 ° C.
- a hard salt vinyl vinyl pipe, salt vinyl vinyl lining steel pipe, etc. used around the bath can be used as the discharge pipe 54. For this reason, the liquid crystal device can be configured at low cost.
- the atmosphere release control means 52 is opened, the interior of the housing part 11 is communicated with the outside, and the discharge control means 53 is further opened to discharge the liquid material.
- Liquid organic solid residue remaining in the container can be taken out and discarded as a solid. Alternatively, it can be liquefied by repeating heating with electrolyzed water together with other solid organic substances. However, when heating is repeated, it is preferable to remove the solid organic matter when it is no longer reduced and dispose of it separately.
- Water is supplied to the electrolyzed water generating means from the water supplying means 58. Since such a water supply means 58 is provided, it is not necessary for the user to supply water directly to the electrolyzed water generation means every time the organic matter is liquefied.
- the discharge pipe 54 is directly connected to the sewage pipe 59, the liquid material containing the liquefied solid organic substance can be discharged to the sewage pipe as it is through the discharge pipe 54. Therefore, the liquid tank device of the present embodiment can be easily installed in ordinary homes, schools, restaurants and the like where sewage pipes are laid.
- the electrolyzed water injection control means 51 is preferably capable of controlling the supply of oxidized water or electrolyzed water containing an oxidizing substance.
- the discharge control means 53 is preferably one that can control the discharge of the liquid discharge pipe force after heating.
- an open / close mechanism such as a pressure-resistant manual valve or an electric valve used in a water heater or a chemical plant are preferable.
- the electrolyzed water injection control means 51 and the discharge control means 53 function as a sealing means for sealing the housing portion by closing during heating.
- the atmosphere release control means 52 may be any device that can control the communication between the inside and the outside of the housing portion 11.
- the air release control means 52 is used for heating the electrolyzed water and solid organic matter in the container. Preferably it is closed. In addition, when discharging the liquid material inside the container 11 from the discharge pipe 54, it is preferable that the atmosphere release control means 52 is opened and the inside of the container is communicated with the outside.
- the atmosphere release control means 52 functions as one of the sealing means, and the housing part is sealed, so that the pressure in the housing part can be increased during heating to suppress evaporation of the electrolyzed water inside the housing part. It becomes.
- the atmosphere release control means 52 is opened, the inside of the container is communicated with the outside, and the outside air is drawn into the container so that the inside of the container is filled. It becomes easy to discharge the liquid material.
- atmospheric release control means 52 examples include a pressure-resistant manual valve and an electric valve.
- the atmosphere release control means 52 is preferably installed on the upper part of the housing part 11. By providing the atmosphere release control means 52 at the upper part of the accommodating part 11, even if the container is filled with acid, water, etc. to some extent, the atmosphere release control means 52 will not be filled with water. You can rub it!
- the temperature measuring means 56 is preferably capable of measuring temperature and having pressure resistance during heating and chemical resistance.
- Examples of such temperature measuring means include a thermocouple whose surface is covered with stainless steel.
- the thermocouple for example, a chrome-alumel alloy or a platinum alloy can be used.
- a heat insulating material such as glass wool so that heat does not escape through the thermocouple during heating.
- the water supply means 58 is preferably capable of supplying water required for generating electrolyzed water to the electrolyzed water generating means.
- the water supply means 58 for example, a tank and a valve force capable of holding an amount of water more than that used for one electrolysis can be configured.
- the liquefying apparatus 50 may have at least one of a pH adjusting unit as shown in the third embodiment and a neutralizing unit as shown in the fourth embodiment.
- a pH adjusting means it is possible to adjust the pH of the electrolyzed water before heating.
- a neutralizing means it is possible to neutralize the liquid material when the pH of the liquid material after the liquid soot treatment is low. This also applies to the first and second embodiments.
- the inside of the container 11 is again heated by the heating means 16 to dry the solid residue, and the residue U, which is easy to handle.
- the inlet closing valve 14 may function as an atmosphere release control means.
- the liquefaction apparatus shown in the first to fourth embodiments may further include the atmospheric release control means, the electrolyzed water injection control means, the discharge control means, etc., shown in the fifth embodiment.
- liquid slag apparatus shown in the first to fifth embodiments can be used as a garbage disposal apparatus.
- the housing part and the lid part those made of stainless steel (SUS304) were used.
- the internal volume of the container was 300 ml.
- thermocouple as a temperature measuring means was introduced into the electrolyzed water, and the heating temperature by the heating means was controlled by the temperature control means.
- the potato and electrolyzed water in the container were heated at 100 ° C for 2 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. After that, the liquid was discharged from the discharge section, and the inside of the storage section was again heated with a band heater at 100 ° C for 10 minutes and dried. After this, the residue was taken out. The weight of the residue was 0. lg, and the volume could be greatly reduced to 1/100 of the original weight. When this liquid was analyzed, it was found that the hydrolyzate of starch that constitutes potato. Leucose was detected.
- Example 1 As a comparison, the same liquid apparatus as in Example 1 was used, and the above garbage was heated without adding electrolyzed water and dried. The weight of the residue in the container is 4g.
- the gauze and the electrolyzed water in the container were heated at 150 ° C for 3 hours, and then to room temperature. Cooled down. The liquid in the container was discharged, and the inside of the container was again heated with a band heater at 100 ° C for 10 minutes and dried.
- Example 2 For comparison, the same liquid apparatus as in Example 1 was used, and the gauze was heated and dried without adding electrolyzed water. The weight of the residue in the container was 4.8 g, which was almost undecomposed.
- Example 2 it can be seen that a mixed organic substance in which a plurality of foods are mixed can be liquidized by using the liquid crystal device of the present invention. Therefore, the solid organic matter liquefaction apparatus of the present invention can be used for other organic wastes such as agricultural, forestry and fishery wastes. Examples 1 and 2 show that the solid organic matter apparatus of the present invention is also useful when processing garbage.
- potato liquid was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water having a pH of 7 was used instead of electrolyzed water and heated at 100 ° C. or 180 ° C. These were designated as Comparative Examples A and B, respectively.
- Example 12 Electrolyzed water 2.5 5 180 0.1 Degree of coloration of liquids Comparative example B Water 7 180 4.5 None Example 13 Electrolyzed water 2 .5 200 2.3 There are lumps As shown in Table 1, in Example 13 where the heating temperature was 200 ° C, the force that produced a little lumpy tar with relatively large residue weight was sufficient for potatoes. It was liquid. On the other hand, in Examples 4 to 12 where the heating temperature was in the range of 100 to 180 ° C, the weight of the residue was less than 1 g. Further, regarding the generation of tar, in Example 12, the liquid material in the container after heating was colored, and in Examples 4 to L1, no tar was generated. Accordingly, the heating temperature may be 100 ° C or higher, but it is particularly preferable that the heating temperature is 100 ° C to 180 ° C.
- the residue weight is 0.6 g and 0.5 g, respectively.
- the residue weights were 0.3 g and 0.2 g, respectively.
- the residue weight can be further reduced by setting the pH of the electrolyzed water to less than 8. Therefore, it is preferable that the pH of the acid water is less than 8.
- Comparative Example A and Comparative Example B the potato was only about half of the liquid.
- the heating temperature was increased when acidified water was not used. Even if it was allowed, the residue weight hardly changed.
- the solid organic matter liquid crystal device of the present invention With the solid organic matter liquid crystal device of the present invention, it becomes possible to reduce the volume of various wastes containing solid organic matter. Furthermore, the waste disposal apparatus can greatly reduce the burden of garbage disposal. Further, the liquid fermenter of the present invention makes it possible to produce liquid fertilizer using waste as a raw material.
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS63111992A (ja) * | 1986-10-28 | 1988-05-17 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 取水口に集まる水母の処理法 |
JP2003047931A (ja) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-18 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 澱粉を含む食品廃棄物の乾燥方法及び装置 |
JP2003299941A (ja) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-21 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | 水熱酸化反応処理装置および方法 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS63111992A (ja) * | 1986-10-28 | 1988-05-17 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 取水口に集まる水母の処理法 |
JP2003047931A (ja) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-18 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | 澱粉を含む食品廃棄物の乾燥方法及び装置 |
JP2003299941A (ja) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-21 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | 水熱酸化反応処理装置および方法 |
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