WO2006040100A1 - Porte coulissante a entrainement a moteur lineaire - Google Patents

Porte coulissante a entrainement a moteur lineaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006040100A1
WO2006040100A1 PCT/EP2005/010853 EP2005010853W WO2006040100A1 WO 2006040100 A1 WO2006040100 A1 WO 2006040100A1 EP 2005010853 W EP2005010853 W EP 2005010853W WO 2006040100 A1 WO2006040100 A1 WO 2006040100A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sliding door
door according
coil
magnetic
row
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/010853
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sven Busch
Original Assignee
Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200410050318 external-priority patent/DE102004050318A1/de
Priority claimed from DE200410050331 external-priority patent/DE102004050331A1/de
Priority claimed from DE200510002038 external-priority patent/DE102005002038B4/de
Application filed by Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg filed Critical Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg
Priority to EP05795389.5A priority Critical patent/EP1805387B1/fr
Publication of WO2006040100A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006040100A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
    • E05D15/0621—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides
    • E05D15/0626—Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides for wings suspended at the top
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sliding door with a linear motor drive, in particular a sliding door with a combined magnetic support and drive system with a permanently excited magnetic Tragein ⁇ direction and a linear drive unit with at least one Magnetrei ⁇ hehe, especially for an automatic door , Furthermore, the invention relates to a sliding door with a magnetic drive system with a linear motor stator, wherein the magnetic drive system comprises a linear drive unit with at least one row of magnets.
  • the term magnet series also includes elongated individual magnets. The magnet series can be arranged stationary or mobile.
  • the magnetic drive system is preferably designed as a magnetic support and drive system.
  • a sliding door guide in which mit ⁇ co-operating magnets under normal load a contact-free floating guidance of a sliding guide gehal ⁇ tenen door leaf or the like cause, in addition to the stationary magnet arranged the sliding guide a stand a linear motor is arranged, whose rotor is arranged on the sliding door.
  • a combined storage and drive system for an automatically operated door in which a permanently energized magnetic support system is constructed symmetrically and has stationary and movable magnet rows which are each arranged in a plane, wherein the support system is in an unstable equilibrium and in which the support system has symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements which can be mounted in a roll-shaped manner.
  • a simple design and arrangement of the stator and rotor of a linear motor housed in a common housing namely the possibility of being able to arbitrarily arrange the stator and rotor of the linear motor in relation to the support system, can be arranged the shape of stand and runner not be limited by the support system be ⁇ .
  • an electromagnetic Antriebs ⁇ system for magnetic levitation and support systems is further known, in which a stable levitation and support state is achieved by a suitable arrangement of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material.
  • the permanent magnet puts the ferromagnetic material into the state of a magnetic partial saturation.
  • Electromagnets are so angeord ⁇ net that the permanent magnets are moved solely by a change in saturation in the mounting rail and the coil cores are included in the permanent magnetic partial saturation, which leads to the floating and wearing state.
  • WO 94/13055 shows a stator drive for an electric linear drive and a door provided with such a stand, which is suspended by means of magnets in the lintel of a frame.
  • a plurality of magnets or magnet groups are arranged on the door panel, de ⁇ ren magnetic field strength is so great that an attractive force to ei ⁇ ner guide plate is achieved, which is arranged on the underside of the lintel an ⁇ , the attraction is sufficient to the weight to lift the door panel.
  • the two systems described in these documents is common sam that they are also very expensive to assemble and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the two systems described in these documents have in common that caking of the magnets on the ferromagnetic material is prevented by means of rollers, ie an air gap between the magnets and the ferromagnetic material is set by means of rollers. These rollers must absorb large forces in the selected arrangements, since the magnetic field strength can not be chosen so that only the respective magnetically suspended door is held, but due to security provisions a certain - A -
  • a first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention comprising a magnetic drive system with a linear drive unit for at least one door leaf, which has at least one row of soft or hard magnetic elements and at least one modular coil arrangement comprising a plurality of individual coils; ⁇ speaking activation of the individual coils causes an interaction with the at least one series of soft or hard magnetic elements, the feed forces, has over the prior art, the advantage of the modular structure of the coil assembly, ie a comparison with the prior art simplified assembly and vor ⁇ also a simplified hersander.
  • Such a modular construction is easily adaptable to different requirements imposed on the magnetic drive system, e.g. B. to different Materielbrei ⁇ th and travel lengths of the door by simply more or less modules are used for the construction.
  • modules are in the rule and according to the invention preferably constructed so that such a juxtaposition, ie an addition or removal of a module, can be easily performed.
  • each coil arrangement has at least one coil module which comprises a number of at least two, preferably equal to a number of electrical phases used for the control or an integral multiple thereof, individual coils.
  • a subdivision of the coil arrangement into coil modules having a number of individual coils, which is determined by the number of electrical phases used to control the coil arrangement is a particularly simple extension of an existing system and also a structure of a new one System possible because simply coil modules are ranked up to a desired length after another.
  • the coil arrangement according to the invention preferably comprises a plurality of coil modules, which are arranged at a constant distance from one another in the drive direction.
  • the coil modules according to the invention can be arranged directly next to one another, ie abutting one another, or with a certain distance from each other. In this way, by using the coil modules also an embodiment of a magnetic drive system is possible in which the route is only partially equipped when the coil assemblies according to the invention are fixedly arranged along the route or in which the moving along the route unit does not have their entire extent extending along the route is equipped with coils when the coil arrangement according to the invention is provided spatially vor ⁇ .
  • a coil module according to the first alternative of the invention preferably has an integrated contact connection which automatically connects the individual coils of the coil module to control lines of a control unit when the coil module is fastened.
  • This vorzugswei ⁇ se embodiment allows even easier installation, since when mounting a coil module, z. B. by clicking, automatically an electrical connection of the individual coils of the coil module with a drive unit for these individual coils takes place.
  • no complicated individual wiring of the individual coils is necessary and planning of such a wiring is also unnecessary.
  • a coil module according to the first alternative of the invention preferably has an integrated fastening element which allows a clamping or latching connection of the coil module.
  • a simple "click-in" of a coil module according to the invention is possible. Lich, in order to build up a magnetic drive system according to the invention.
  • the above-described integrated contacting and the above-described fastening element are preferably designed according to the first alternative of the invention as a component, for. B. as Maisêts- and fixing pins, which stand out of the coil module according to the invention horr ⁇ and used in the receptacles provided and ver ⁇ anchored there, at the same time a contact takes place.
  • Such an anchoring can also be achieved by means of screw connections or other fastening possibilities in addition to a clamping or latching connection.
  • a coil module according to the first alternative of the invention is preferably deflected by a clamping or cutting process or by breaking at a predetermined separation point of a coil module assembly comprising several coil modules.
  • coil module construction groups constant length or as endless goods, eg. B. be prepared on rolls by streamlined manufacturing processes in always the same way, which are easily removed in the installation or the expansion of a magnetic drive system according to the invention in be ⁇ required length or as to be joined individual elements of the coil module assembly.
  • the individual coils of the at least one coil arrangement according to the first alternative of the invention are preferably produced by the baked-enamel method. In this case, a winding body must be used manually, so that the process can be automated particularly well.
  • the individual coils of the at least one coil arrangement according to the first alternative of the invention are preferably each directly wound on a Spu ⁇ handlebar.
  • this Wickelmechanis ⁇ mechanism with the baked enamel method also allows a caking of the wire with the coil core, so that a manual joining of these two parts is eliminated and a substantially noiseless operation of the Antriebs ⁇ system is possible.
  • the individual coils of the at least one coil arrangement are preferably each fixed to a profile by means of resistance spot welding, riveting or caulking or inserted into a groove of a bar profile.
  • the individual coils are preferred separated from each other by annular or lateral pole pieces which carry electromagnetic fields generated by the individual coils to the soft or hard magnetic elements arranged in a row.
  • a better magnetic field closure is achieved by such annular or lateral pole shoes, since that of the individual coils
  • magnetic fields pass through a part of the common axis and the pole shoes separating the individual coils extend to the soft or hard-magnetic elements arranged in a row in order to produce thrust forces there.
  • the pole shoes preferably additionally serve for fastening a respective coil unit.
  • the assembly of the magnetic drive system according to the invention is particularly simplified because the pole pieces can be easily configured so that the coil assembly is automatically aligned by each of these during attachment.
  • the magnetic drive system used in accordance with the second alternative of the invention preferably has flux guides attached to those surfaces of the individual coils which are arranged in a series of soft or hard magnetic elements and which enlarge them. As a result, the overlapping areas of the soft or hard magnetic elements and the individual coils are increased, whereby the magnetic fields generated by the individual coils can be better directed and directed.
  • these flux guides are bevelled, rounded, bent or chamfered to provide a better directivity and a reduction in the detent force.
  • the pole shoes and / or the flux guide pieces are preferably made of stamped sheets and further preferably designed in one piece.
  • the drive system according to the invention of the first and second alternative is preferably combined with a magnetic support system with a permanently excited magnetic support device which has at least one magnet array alternately magnetized in the drive direction at specific intervals, at least one in attractive force effect has at least one of the at least one magnet row standing soft or hard magnetic support member and a guide member which ensures a certain gap-shaped distance between the min ⁇ least one row of magnets and the support element.
  • This combination has the advantage over the described prior art that the support element does not necessarily have to be hard magnetic due to the utilized attractive force effect.
  • a guide element is provided which ensures a distance between the at least one row of magnets and the support element, no electrical or electronic control device needs to be provided despite utilizing an unstable state of equilibrium. Further, by using the at least one row of magnets both for carrying and for propulsion, the manufacturing costs are reduced and the required space is reduced.
  • the support element or parts thereof can be formed by the series of soft-magnetic elements interrupted at specific intervals. This results in an integration of the magnetic support system with the magnetic according to the invention Drive system instead, whereby a reduction of the required Baurau ⁇ mes takes place.
  • the support element preferably has at least one support rail, which is arranged at a first predetermined distance to a side of one of the at least one magnet row, wherein the Coil arrangement is arranged at a second predetermined distance to one of the first side of the magnetic series opposite second side of the magnet array.
  • the support profile can continue the tasks of magnetic see closing the coil magnetic fields and the generation of load capacities , the weight of the load, z. B. a door, partially or completely record, take over.
  • the residual load z. B. from the coil cores or pole pieces of the individual coils of the coil order the linear drive unit or be carried by another magnetic mechanical support device.
  • the support element can also preferably have two mounting rails, one of which is arranged at a certain distance from a first side of at least one magnet row and the other at the same specific distance to a second side opposite the first side of the magnet row the magnetic series or another magnetic series of at least one magnetic series is arranged.
  • the support element can for this purpose preferably have a U-shaped mounting rail with a bottom area and two side areas, the floor area connecting the two side areas and at least one magnet row of the at least one magnet row being guided at least partially within the U-shaped mounting rail.
  • at least parts of an inner surface of the one side region are arranged at the predetermined distance to a first side of the magnet array and at least parts of an inner surface of the other side region with the same or a different specific gap-shaped distance to a second side of the magnetic series opposite the first side of the magnetic series a further row of magnets of the at least one row of magnets are arranged.
  • the carrier rails can be designed separately or as pole shoe strips of the linear drive unit, ie as soft-magnetic elements which are guided independently of the linear drive unit or as an integral component thereof.
  • the coil modules according to the invention z. B. between two rows of magnets are arranged, wherein on the side facing away from the coil modules these two rows of magnets in turn support rails or side portions of a U-shaped mounting rail are arranged.
  • the at least one magnet row is preferably magnetized transversely to the support direction and to the drive direction, in which an element supported by the support device, e.g. B. a sliding door element, can be moved.
  • an element supported by the support device e.g. B. a sliding door element
  • a particularly simple structural design of the guide element results, since in this case it can be planned and executed independently of a force generated by the carrying device in order to keep the worn ele-
  • a simple design of the linear drive unit is possible since it can also be planned and executed independently of the force to be generated by the support device.
  • the at least one magnet row preferably consists of individual permanent magnets, since costs can be saved by lining up individual smaller magnets during material procurement and thus in the manufacturing process of the carrying device according to the invention. Further, due to this configuration, lighter tolerances can be balanced and magnetic properties can be better utilized. Instead of a series of magnets and a single magnet can be used, wo ⁇ eliminated by the relatively difficult mounting of the plurality of individual magnets. According to the first and second alternative of the invention, the magnetization of the at least one magnet row in a longitudinal direction of the at least one magnet row alternates the sign at certain intervals in a longitudinal direction of the at least one magnet row.
  • the at least one magnet row can easily be used in this way as a series of hard-magnetic elements with which the individual coils cause an interaction which causes feed forces, ie the at least one magnet row can integrate the magnetic drive system according to the invention with the magnetic support device.
  • the guide element ensuring the gap-like spacing does not have to absorb large forces even with tolerances of the double-acting support element, since the forces acting in the direction of magnetization between the at least one magnet row and the support element at best cancel each other out ,
  • This effect is more strongly supported with an increasing number of alternating polarizations, since both tolerances in the field strengths of individual polarization regions are better compensated, and such a superimposition of the forces respectively generated by the individual polarization regions results in a field being generated. which counteracts the buildup of shear forces.
  • At least three successive polarization areas should be provided so that a possible in only two polarization areas of the magnetic series possible canting of the magnetic series does not occur, which can already generate large lateral forces.
  • the distance between the magnet array and the support element is kept as small as possible.
  • the at least one support element used in the magnetic support device according to the invention is preferably stationary and the at least one magnet row is arranged to be movable in position, i. H.
  • the at least one support element In the case of a sliding door, it is suspended from the at least one row of magnets, whereas against the at least one support element forms a guide for the door element or the door elements of a multi-leaf sliding door.
  • the design of the at least one supporting element is also localized and the at least one row of magnets is stationary, as is a combination of these two variants.
  • the coil arrangement of the linear drive unit is always arranged fixed or movable together with the support element of the support device.
  • the at least one support element is preferably soft magnetic according to the first and second alternatives of the invention, whereby particularly low costs are achieved with respect to this element.
  • the guide element according to the first and second alternative of the invention preferably comprises rollers, rolling and / or sliding body.
  • first and second alternative is a Grid of the individual coils of the coil arrangement preferably under defence ⁇ Lich to the specific distances of the alternating polarization of the at least one magnetic series.
  • a third alternative of a sliding door comprises a magnetic drive system for at least one door leaf, with a magnet row arranged in the drive direction, the magnetization of which changes sign at certain distances in its longitudinal direction, and a support slide connected to the magnet row, which is suspended movably on a support profile is and to which the door leaf can be attached, and with a stator attached to the support profile, which has at least one stator module, which consists of a plurality of individual coils or a drive coil and coil cores coil arrangement, which causes an appropriate interaction with the magnetic series with appropriate control of the individual coils which induces feed forces, coil or winding wiring and terminal contacts, and which is mounted as a mechanical unit in the support profile.
  • This construction according to the invention of the linear motor with a linear motor stator which consists of at least one stator module which mechanically forms one unit, also has the advantage over the prior art of the first and second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, that the at least one stator module can be prefabricated and mounted as a whole in a drive carrier profile, whereby low assembly costs are achieved. Furthermore, a stator constructed in this way can be used for different long linear motor sliding door drives. Due to the inventive design of a stator module with several drive coils or a drive winding, a coil or winding wiring and connection contacts, a light contacting of the internally fully wired stator module is also possible.
  • stator module according to the invention mechanically and electrically forms a unit which can be easily assembled and enables a cost-effective construction of the sliding door according to the invention, wherein several stator modules according to the invention can be strung together to form a stator.
  • the same stator modules can be manufactured in a correspondingly large number significantly cheaper than individually adapted to the respective drive width stator modules, the Lagerhal ⁇ tion of the stator modules is simplified, the production of the stator modules as preprocessing regardless of the production of the remaining linear motor Sliding door drive done and possibly elsewhere with eg niedri ⁇ lower production costs can take place and the quality of Statormo ⁇ dules can be monitored independently of the rest of the linear motor-sliding door drive. Since the rotor fitted with permanent magnets is further designed in an extended design, the linear motor according to the invention also works with a relatively short stator, e.g. shorter than the length of the runner well together, i.
  • stator modules which do not consist of several stator modules, since the stator modules according to the invention can be used in different widths of sliding doors, since the use of a stator or stator module which is significantly shorter than the drive length , can be used for different drive lengths of the same stator.
  • a stator module further preferably has at least one magnetic return. on. At this magnetic return rail all individual coils and coil cores can be attached, whereby the mecha ⁇ African unit of the stator module according to the invention is given by the Magneti ⁇ cal return rail. In this way, the functionality of the mechanical unit required according to the invention is advantageously coupled to the properties of the magnetic return flow rail which reinforce the magnetic field for the propulsion.
  • the stator is preferably composed of a plurality of stator modules.
  • sliding door drives which have the multiple length of Sta ⁇ tormodules, to increase thrust and performance of several stator modules in "series connection” are assembled.
  • a "parallel connection" of several stator modules is possible in order to increase the thrust and power of the linear motor according to the invention.
  • the individual stator modules are further preferably aus ⁇ designed so that an electrical connection of two stator modules by direct mating or by means of an intermediate piece to which two stator modules, is carried out.
  • the electrical connection can of course also be made by soldering or screwing, but there is probably an increased installation effort.
  • the contacting of the stator modules according to the invention is preferably carried out to reduce the wall as simple as possible. In the case of a simple mating of the stator modules, these are connected in series, ie continuous phase lines are formed, whereby the individual coils of the coil arrangements of the stator modules are connected in parallel. With such a mounting eliminates the separate contacting of the stator modules.
  • automatic soldering or welding of the electrical conductors of the stator modules may be expedient, since this method causes a higher degree of error safety and lower parts costs than a plug-in connection.
  • stator modules have a different length. Length differences between the stator modules are preferably Fi, 2 ,..., N, where n is the number of used ones
  • stator module 1 600 mm
  • stator module 2 900 mm. So it is possible a gradation of 300 mm possible.
  • stator module 1 600 mm
  • stator module 2 800 mm
  • stator module 3 1000 mm. So it is possible a gradation of 200 mm.
  • the at least one stator module is further alternatively or additionally preferably attached by insertion into a groove of the supporting profile and secured by a mechanical safeguard against displacement in the groove.
  • the mechanical assurance for example, a pin, a screw, a plastic deformation of the carrier profile in the region of the groove or parts of the stator, or a gluing, soldering or welding the linear motor module.
  • a stable, complex shaped supporting profile which integrates a large number of supporting and fastening functions, Particularly easy and inexpensive extruded as a profile, preferably made of aluminum, and can bring grooves without cost-causing overhead in such a profile
  • this erfindungs ⁇ contemporary preferred embodiment with inserted into a profile groove of the support profile stator modules is particularly simple, flexible and IDE ⁇ low.
  • the attachment in a groove at any point along the profile is possible and independent of the length of Statormo ⁇ dules.
  • the at least one stator module in the third alternative can alternatively also be replaced by another mechanical connection, e.g. be secured by screwing, riveting, pinning, Verklammem, gluing, soldering or welding to the fixed support profile. That is, in addition to the particularly favorable attachment through a slot guide, all other joining methods are also possible between the stator module (s) and the carrier profile, with which sufficient strength can be realized. When guiding the stator modules in a groove, other joining methods can additionally be used to remedy the disadvantage of the guide play in a slot guide and a possible rattling associated therewith.
  • the return bodies of the stator modules can, in addition to the reinforcement of the magnetic drive fields of the coils, also have an additional supporting function in cooperation with the permanent magnets of the rotor fulfill.
  • the stator in this preferred embodiment according to the invention is extended by corresponding return bodies when using a stator which is shorter than the travel length plus the rotor length.
  • an extension of the return body by means of large extension forces resulting from retraction of the permanent magnets from the region of the return bodies of the stator also avoids.
  • the extra effort by the extension of the return body of the stator is estimated to be low, which can be made of return-path body with simple manufacturing processes of a low-priced weichmagneti ⁇ 's material. Since the return body extension contains no electrical components or elements, it can be cut or shortened to almost any length. Another possibility is to use return body modules of constant length and to fill in the remaining space. These elements can be significantly shorter than the stator modules, since the return body modules do not have to be electrically contacted and therefore the use of a larger number of such elements during assembly is acceptable.
  • the at least one stator module alternatively or additionally preferably has a magnetically sensitive position sensor, which preferably consists of a plurality of magnetically sensitive individual sensors, a position measuring system operating with the magnetic series as a magnetic scale or with a separate magnetic scale on.
  • a magnetically sensitive position sensor which preferably consists of a plurality of magnetically sensitive individual sensors, a position measuring system operating with the magnetic series as a magnetic scale or with a separate magnetic scale on.
  • preferably at least two are used with a fixed distance for the commutation and regulation of the linear motor sliding door drive (in a path-dependent control). already integrated in the stator modules, which eliminates a separate handling.
  • the individual coils of the coil arrangement of a stator module are connected to a ring circuit or star circuit connected to phase lines extending through the stator module.
  • This preferred embodiment according to the invention enables a particularly simple electrical connection of a plurality of stator modules to a stator, since the necessary electrical connections, i. the phase lines, in principle, are present at both ends of a stator module.
  • the individual coils are then connected within a stator module to the phase lines routed at both ends.
  • the individual coils of the coil arrangement of a stator module which are connected to one of the phase lines running through the stator module, are preferably connected electrically in series or in parallel.
  • phase lines extending through the stator module are each connected at least two parallel Ladders running.
  • This embodiment of the invention allows a single-fault safety, which is particularly necessary for escape route applications by the phase lines are designed as loops, which is still applied to all parts of the conductor potential at an interruption at one point of the ring.
  • the coil cores made of a soft magnetic material.
  • the coil cores are made of laminated.
  • a lathed design of the coil cores which is likewise selected according to the invention and which is also possible because of the solid design of the coil cores, generally provides advantages in terms of the eddy current losses. On the other hand, there is the additional effort that can be seen as low to none in a stamped part design.
  • the coil cores cylindrical or they have an elongated shape which extends transversely to the direction of movement of the support carriage.
  • grooves are formed between the soft-magnetic cores, so that a very small overall height of the linear motor stator according to the invention of less than 12 mm can be realized. Since only the portion of the winding wire of the stator modules lying transverse to the direction of travel makes a contribution to the feed, elongated coils whose longitudinal axis lies transversely to the direction of travel, ie a winding in which this portion is as large as possible, are particularly effective. Since the non-effective wire components also continue to cause ohmic losses, an efficient angle decreases in addition to the required volume of copper and associated therewith. those costs and space and the power losses and thus increases the efficiency of the linear motor of this preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the sliding door according to the invention is also alternatively or additionally preferably the coil or Wicklungsver ⁇ wiring in the transverse direction next to the coil assembly.
  • This arrangement according to the invention enables a simple and space-saving construction.
  • a plurality of individual coils of the coil arrangement are manufactured from an uninterrupted wire.
  • This arrangement according to the invention avoids or reduces contacting of the individual coils, whereby interruptions in the wiring caused by poor contacts during operation of the sliding door according to the invention are avoided or reduced.
  • the individual coils of the coil arrangement without a fixed winding body are baked or glued to solid coils.
  • the wire of the coil is preferably baked enamel wire according to the invention.
  • the coils of baked or glued wire can be plugged onto the coil cores.
  • the coils can be fixed by snapping, gluing, Ver ⁇ baking, potting or sheet metal tabs.
  • the wire of the coils of the at least one linear motor stator module can be wound firmly on the coil cores, so that coil and core form a solid unit.
  • an electrical insulation layer is preferably provided between the individual coils and the coil cores of the coil arrangement.
  • this electrical insulation layer can consist, for example, of lacquer, foil, tube or a solid plastic body.
  • each individual coil is contacted with the coil core associated with this individual coil, and the coil cores form, together with a magnetic return bus, a conductor of the coil wiring.
  • the cores with the return bar preferably form the star point conductor of coils connected in a star shape.
  • the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention preferably also has, for each door leaf, a roller arrangement connected to the magnet row, which fulfills a supporting function with respect to the door leaf and ensures a certain gap-like distance between the magnet row and the coil cores.
  • the magnetic drive system as a magnetic support and drive system, in which the required Trag ⁇ force is partially absorbed by the magnetic support and drive system and partially from the roller assembly, the advantage over the prior art that achieved the roller arrangement neither has to carry the entire load of the door leaf nor has to accommodate a high load-bearing capacity required for safety determinations with door leaves suspended purely by means of safety devices.
  • the following advantages are achieved compared to a pure roller bearing or a magnetic suspension supported by rollers: - longer life of the rollers,
  • the magnetic support and drive system according to the invention thus designed for at least one door leaf can be manufactured without differences in series, without taking into account the actual later use, without differences in series, i. without an adjustment required during production to the weight to be carried later.
  • a gap-like distance in the sense of this invention is a distance between two parallel or slightly inclined surfaces.
  • the magnet row is preferably magnetized parallel to the carrying direction and transversely to the drive direction.
  • the at least one magnet series preferably consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably high-energy side earth magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (S1TI 2 C0) or plastic-bonded magnet materials ,
  • high-performance magnets preferably high-energy side earth magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (S1TI 2 C0) or plastic-bonded magnet materials .
  • the drive system according to the invention or combined support and drive system is used to drive at least one door leaf of a sliding door, which is preferably designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall. In addition to this insert, it can also be used to drive gate leaves or in feed devices, handling devices or transport systems.
  • the auxiliary drive according to the invention can be provided for a door leaf or for several, including all, door leaves of a multi-leaf sliding door.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention used in the first and second alternative in various load states
  • FIG. 2 shows the load capacity curve of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows the transverse force profile of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a top view of the magnetic support device according to the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a coil module according to the invention of the first and second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention in a first preferred embodiment with three coils and U-shaped sheet metal holder oriented transversely to the direction of travel as well as three contact and fixing pins without and with U - shaped DIN rail element,
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a top view of the first preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention of the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows an electrical connection of the coils of the linear drive unit of the drive system shown in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 shows a diagram for explaining a first possibility of the voltage curve at the coils of the first preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention of the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention as shown in FIG. 7, FIG.
  • FIG. 9 shows a diagram for explaining a second possibility of the voltage curve at the coils of the first preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention connected as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 shows a diagram for explaining a third possibility of the voltage profile at the circuit as shown in FIG. coils of the first preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention
  • FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of a coil module according to the invention of the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention in a second preferred embodiment or a perspective view of a part of a coil arrangement according to the invention of the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, with three coils oriented in the direction of travel, FIG. which are wound on a common core, wherein the core and the shown square pole shoes can be a compact rotary part,
  • Figure 13 arranged in series coils with aligned axes, which are on one side facing magnets, or at the two
  • FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of a combined support and drive system used in accordance with the invention in the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention;
  • FIG. 15 shows an electrical connection of the coils of the linear drive unit of the combined support and drive system shown in FIG. 14,
  • FIG. 16 shows a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention, FIG.
  • FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment of the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 23 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a sixth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 24 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 25 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 26 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 27 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 28 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 29 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a sixth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 30 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a seventh preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 31 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to an eighth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 32 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a ninth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 33 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a tenth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention, FIG.
  • FIG. 34 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to an eleventh preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 35 shows an electrical shading of a stator module of a sliding door according to a twelfth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 36 shows an electrical shading of a stator module of a sliding door according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 37 shows a first variant of an electrical shading of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention, FIG.
  • FIG. 38 shows a second variant of an electrical shading of two stator modules connected to one another of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 39 shows a third variant of an electrical shading of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 40 shows a first variant of an electrical shading of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the thirteenth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • FIG. 41 shows a second variant of an electrical shading of two stator modules connected to one another
  • FIG. 42 shows a cross-sectional view and a horizontal sectional view of coil cores of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 43 shows a cross-sectional view and a horizontal sectional view of coil cores of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first preferred embodiment of the invention used in the magnetic Trag ⁇ the first and second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention in cross section.
  • a coordinate system is shown, in which an x-direction represents a direction of travel of a door leaf 5 suspended on the carrying device according to the invention.
  • the direction of the transverse forces acting on the magnetic support means is the y-direction and the vertical magnetic deflection downwards due to the weight of the suspended door leaves 5 is marked in the z-direction.
  • a magnetic row 1 fastened to a support carriage 4 is positively guided in the horizontal direction by a mechanical guide element 3 which cooperates with a housing 6 of the support device, between soft-magnetic support rails 2a, 2b which form the support element 2. while freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel (x) of the door leaf 5 is.
  • the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the y direction largely cancel each other out.
  • the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d assume a symmetrical position only in the load-free state, ie without load fastened to the support carriage 4, as shown in FIG. 1a).
  • the cause of this restoring force are the magnetic forces of attraction acting between the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d of the magnet array 1 and the mounting rails 2a, 2b, only the part of the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d which is located between the mounting rails 2a 2b emerges downwards, to which this magnetic carrying capacity contributes. Since this part increases with increasing vertical deflection, the magnetic load capacity continuously increases with the deflection in accordance with the contract.
  • FIG. 2 shows the dependence between the vertical deflection of the magnet row 1 and the magnetic load capacity in a characteristic curve, ie the load capacity curve of the support device according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • a characteristic curve ie the load capacity curve of the support device according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • On the abscissa is the vertical deflection z down, z. In mm, and on the ordinate the corresponding generated magnetic load F (z), e.g. In Newton.
  • the course of the load capacity curve is characterized by an upper and a lower breakpoint, which are each achieved when the magnets between the support rails up and down completely emerge, as shown in the case down in Figure 1e).
  • the housing accommodating the mounting rails 2a, 2b and providing a horizontal guide for the guide element 3 simultaneously comprises two projections 6a, 6b, each arranged at its lower ends, which limit the possible deflection of the support carriage 4 and thus the mechanical deflection on this rigidly fixed row of magnets 1 in the z-direction.
  • the load-bearing characteristic runs almost linearly, with a positive deflection of the magnetic row 1, ie a downward deflection, which takes place through the door leaf 5 fastened to the support slide 4, from the origin of the coordinate system between vertical deflection z of the magnetic series 1 and magnetic load F (z) are run through to the lower breakpoint on the load capacity curve operating points with negative slope, in which a respective stable position of the magnetic series 1 between the support rails 2a, 2b, due to the on the Magnetic series 1 acting weight F 9 and the same amount, acting in the opposite direction magnetic load F (z) can adjust.
  • FIG. 3 shows, for a gap width of z. B. -1 mm to +1 mm, a transverse force profile F (y) in response to a lateral displacement y of the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, which has a positive slope over the entire course.
  • the guide element 3 Since there is only an unstable equilibrium of forces in the middle position, the guide element 3 has to provide a precise mechanical support which moves the magnet row 1 during the travel movement of the magnet row 1 in the direction of movement, ie. H. in the x-direction, exactly centered between the Trag ⁇ rails 2a, 2b leads. The more precisely this centering can be realized, the lower the resulting transverse force F (y) and the associated frictional forces of the mechanical bearing.
  • the magic The height of the magnet row or of its individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the z-direction should be as small as possible, because small magnet heights increase the rigidity of the load-bearing field by bundling the field.
  • the height of the mounting rails 2a, 2b should be as small as possible, a mounting rail height is less 1/2 the magnetic height, because the field lines of the permanent magnets are bundled and thereby increases the rigidity of the magnetic support system.
  • the arrangement should be chosen so that the soft magnetic support rails 2a, 2b in the equilibrium state in which the magnetic load F (z) is equal in magnitude caused by loading the magnetic series 1 with the door leaf 5 weight force F 9 , vertically asymmetrical around the magnetic series 1 and the magnet array 1 should be as continuous as possible in order to avoid latching forces in the direction of movement, ie in the x direction.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a plan view of the carrying device shown in FIG. 1a along a section line AA according to the first preferred embodiment of the first and second alternative of the invention.
  • the magnet array 1 consists of individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, which are arranged with alternating magnetization direction between the two laterally arranged mounting rails 2a, 2b, which consist of a soft magnetic material.
  • the individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d are fastened to the movable support carriage 4 to form the magnet array 1 and can be inserted between the rails 2a, 2b be moved in the x and z directions.
  • a vertical shift ie a displacement in the z-direction to a small way, about 3-5 mm, from the zero position, ie the geometric position of symmetry results, due to the use of extremely strong permanent magnets, z. B. from Nd-Fe-B, a considerable restoring force, which is suitable for carrying a sliding door leaf 5 with a weight of about 80 kg / m.
  • FIG. 5 shows a drive segment of a first preferred embodiment of the drive segment according to the invention in a perspective representation.
  • a coil module according to the invention to be used as a stator module or rotor module consists of three coils 7 aligned transversely to the travel direction and having coil cores 12 which are arranged in a U-shaped sheet metal holder 21, from which three contacting and fastening pins 22 project in an electrically insulated manner.
  • the coil module can be fastened as well as driven by energizing the individual coils.
  • As a common mass z. B. serve the U-shaped plate holder, in which the coils 7 z. B. by resistance spot welding, rivets or caulking are attached.
  • This coil module according to the invention shown in FIG. 5 a) is shown inserted in a basically U-shaped mounting rail 2 d, wherein the contacting and fastening pins 22 protrude through their bottom region 23 'and between the side walls holding the coil cores 12 U-shaped sheet metal holder 21 and the side walls of the U-shaped support rail 2d each have a Lucas ⁇ gap, in each of which a series of magnets can be performed, with the support rail 2d and the coils 7 of the coil assembly in alternating is to be held in the air gap and be ⁇ moved in the direction of travel.
  • FIG. 6 shows two drive segments of the first preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention, here as a combined magnetic support and drive system, in a sectional plan view, in which the magnetic linear drive used according to the invention acts on the rows of magnets 1e, 1f which are not shown Tragschlit-th 4 are attached.
  • the two magnet rows 1e, 1f each have alternately polarized individual magnets, wherein the polarities of the individual magnets of the two magnet rows 1e, 1f offset in the transverse direction are rectified.
  • the coils 7 are arranged so that the respective coil core 12 in Quer ⁇ direction, d. H. y-direction, extends.
  • On the side facing away from the coils 7 with spool core 12 side of the magnetic row 1 is in each case a side region of the support rail 2d.
  • stator coils 7 are arranged with their respective coil cores 12 in different relative positions to the grid of the permanent magnets. The more different relative positions are formed, the more uniform the thrust force can be realized over the travel. On the other hand, since each relative position is attributable to an electrical phase of a drive system required for the linear drive, as few electrical phases as possible should be used. Because of the available three-phase three-phase network, a three-phase system, as shown by way of example in FIG. 6, can be constructed very inexpensively.
  • a respective drive segment and thus a coil module of the linear drive unit consists of three coils 7a, 7b, 7c which have an extension of three length units in the drive direction, ie x-direction, ie between the centers of adjacent coil elements.
  • the length of a magnet of the magnetic row 1 in the drive direction and the length of the gap lying between the individual magnets of the magnetic row 1 is selected here so that the length of a magnet LMagnet + length of a gap
  • FIG. 7 shows the interconnection of the coils of the two drive segments shown in FIG. 6 of the linear drive unit used in accordance with the invention.
  • a first coil 7a with a first coil core 12a is connected between a first phase and a second phase of a three-phase system consisting of three phases whose three phases are uniformly distributed, ie the second phase at 120 ° and a third phase 240 °, when the first phase is at 0 °.
  • the in positive drive direction, d. H. + x-direction, next to the first coil 7a with the coil core 12a lying second coil 7b with coil core 12b of a drive segment of the linear drive unit is connected between the second phase and the third phase and in the positive drive direction, d. H. + x-direction next to the second coil 7b with the coil core 12b lie ⁇ de third coil 7c with coil core 12c is connected between the third phase and the first phase.
  • FIG. Such a circular phase diagram with drawn coils is shown in FIG.
  • the electric potential is given in V and on the abscissa the magnetic potential.
  • the third coil 7c with coil core 12c lie between a 240 ° phase position and a 360 ° phase position.
  • the hands of these coils now rotate counterclockwise in accordance with the alternating frequency of the three-phase current, with one of the electric potential differences between the two 005/010853
  • a phase pass of 180 ° corresponds to a displacement of the rotor by the distance between the centers of two adjacent magnets, ie the magnetic grid R M.
  • the cursor shift is two R M.
  • the magnets are relative to the grid Rs of the stator coils back to starting position, comparable to a 360 c revolution of the rotor of a two-pole DC motor.
  • the ordinate is considered, on which the applied electrical voltage potential is darge.
  • the maximum potential at 180 °, the minimum potential and at 90 ° or 270 °, an average voltage potential.
  • the coils are represented in the diagram by arrows whose start and end points represent the contacts.
  • the respectively applied coil voltage can be read off by projection of start and end point of the arrows on the potential axis.
  • the arrow direction determines the current direction and thereby the magnetization direction of the coil.
  • a controller with a rectangular characteristic can also be used for reasons of cost.
  • the rectangular characteristic is represented by switching thresholds.
  • the phase connections can each have the three states plus potential, minus potential take potential and potential-free.
  • the plus potential z. B. in a range between 300 ° and 60 ° and the negative potential in a range of 120 ° to 240 ° and the ranges between 60 ° and 120 ° and 240 ° and 300 ° represent the potential-free state in which the coils are not are connected.
  • the more uneven thrust in comparison with the sinusoidal control is disadvantageous.
  • FIG. 11 shows a second preferred embodiment of a coil module according to the invention of the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, in which three coils 7 aligned in the direction of travel are wound onto a common coil core 12.
  • the spool core 12 and arranged between the coils 7 square pole pieces 19 are a compact rotary member.
  • twomaschine ists- and mounting pins 22 are provided for each coil, which protrude isolated from the pole pieces 19.
  • FIG. 12 shows two drive segments of the second preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention of the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, which are formed here by two coil modules each having six coils, here as a combined magnetic support and drive system in a sectional plan view, in which FIG Magnetic linear drive used according to the invention Three-phase coil arrangement, wherein a row of magnets 1 between tween two Polschuhrucn 18a, 18b is located, each connecting all lying on one side of the magnetic row 1 pole pieces 19 of coils of the linear drive unit.
  • the pole shoes 19 are here each formed with the respective coil core 12 of the coils 7a extending in the drive direction, ie the x-direction, as a rotary part and extend to the respective pole shoe strip 18a, 18b in order to ensure a better magnetic field closure ,
  • the arranged on the pole sides of the individual magnets of the magnetic series 1 coils of the two coil modules shown are connected symmetrically in the same manner as in the previously described be ⁇ described embodiment.
  • the magnetic grid RM 3/2 of the coil grid Rs is selected.
  • phase diagram of this arrangement corresponds to that of the previously described arrangement in which the coils represented by arrows in the phase diagram form a triangle, the corners of this triangle representing respectively the phases of the control.
  • the corners of the triangle pass through 360 °, which corresponds to a translational movement of the rotor around three coil patterns, three voltage potentials: plus, minus and potential-free, if the square-wave control shown in FIG. 9 is selected. Since each coil bridges a phase angle of 120 °, the potential of one phase is changed by a rotation of 60 ° and one of the three phases is always potential-free. If you apply the phase potential as a function of the number of 60 ° rotation 53
  • the magnet width ie the dimensions of the magnet row 1 or of its individual magnet in the y direction
  • the height of the magnet should be as large as possible, because a large magnet height leads to a large air gap area, which is the magnetic resistance reducing the coil circle helps.
  • a large amount of magnetic material is introduced into the magnetic coil circuit without generating too large field strengths saturating the magnetic circuit.
  • the height of the poles 19 and / or coil cores 12 should be as large as possible, so that the pole pieces 19 or coil cores 12 reach as large a coverage as possible with the magnets, so that a large air gap surface with high effective force and small magnetic resistance results.
  • the arrangement of these soft magnetic components should achieve the greatest possible vertical overlap between coil cores 12 or pole shoes 19.
  • FIG. 11 likewise shows a perspective view of a part of a coil arrangement according to the invention of the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention, namely a drive segment consisting of three individual coils of a first preferred embodiment of the second alternative of the magnetic drive system or combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention the individual coils 7 are wound on a common core 12 which, together with square pole shoes 19, is designed as a compact rotary part. Insulated arranged Kunststofftechniks ⁇ and mounting pins 22 are provided on the pole pieces 19, wherein each coil 7 has two such pins 22 which are arranged so that they both for fastening the coil arrangement and for the electrical connection of the Ein ⁇ zelspulen 7 with control lines serve a control unit.
  • FIG. 13a shows two drive segments, ie six individual coils 7, which are arranged in series and whose axes 18 are aligned, whereby pole shoes 19 are arranged between the individual coils 7, whose outer side has 24 pole faces of a magnet row 1 with a certain gap - Formed distance 25 opposite.
  • FIG. 13b) shows a view corresponding to FIG. 13a), in which the magnetic row 1 is not shown, but flux guides 23 which are arranged on at least one outer side 24 of the pole shoes 19 which oppose the magnetic row 1 with the specific gap-shaped spacing - Survived, wherein the flux conductors 23, the coils 7 almost concealed on this page, ie the surface of the pole pieces 19, the ge of the magnet array 1, geionatliegt enlarged.
  • FIG. 12 likewise shows two drive segments of a first preferred embodiment of the combined magnetic support and drive system according to the invention of the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention in a sectional plan view, in which two of the coil arrangements shown in FIG. 13b) are each on one side
  • six individual coils 7 are located on each side of the magnetic row 1, with 7 pole pieces 19 being arranged between the individual coils , 2b and act through the concern so that the flux guides 23 are replaced and also (not shown) as the flux guides 23 may be slotted, ie may consist of individual elements, wherein the support rails 2a, 2b each with a certain distance from the Pole surfaces of the individual magnets of the magnetic series 1 spaced are.
  • the magnet row 1 is attached to a support carriage 4, not shown, and has alternately polarized individual magnets 1a-d.
  • the polar axes 18 of the coil cores 12 are aligned parallel to the magnetic series 1 and the magnetic fields generated by the individual coils 7 are passed through the pole pieces 19 and the soft magnetic support rails 2a, 2b in the air gap to the individual magnets 1a - d of the magnetic series 1 act and drive them in a certain direction of travel, ie x-direction.
  • the stator coils 7 are arranged with their respective coil cores 12 and pole shoes 19 in different relative positions to the grid of the permanent magnets. The more different relative positions are formed, the more uniform the thrust force can be realized over the travel.
  • the interconnection of the coils of the two drive segments of the linear drive unit used in the second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention is equal to the second preferred embodiment of the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention described above with reference to FIG. Therefore, the phase diagrams and phase control diagrams described above are also corresponding to the embodiment.
  • the coil modules according to the invention can also be used in systems in which the preferably only magnetically mounted support device is provided separately from the drive system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic basic representation of two drive segments of a drive system preferably used according to the invention in the third alternative, in this case as a combined magnetic support and drive system, in a longitudinal section, in which the magnetic linear drive used according to the invention is applied to the magnet row 1 acts, which is fixed to a support carriage 4, which holds a door 5.
  • the magnet array 1 is fastened to a carrier profile 6 'and has in each case alternately polarized individual magnets.
  • coils 2 ' are arranged with a certain gap-shaped spacing in such a way that a respective coil core 3' extends in the direction of support, i. z-direction, extends.
  • the coil cores are in An ist ⁇ the force effect with the magnet array 1 and thus bring a portion of a load capacity for the door 5 on.
  • stator coils 2 ' are arranged with their respective coil cores 3' in different relative positions to the grid of the permanent magnets.
  • each relative position is attributable to an electrical phase of a drive system required for the linear drive, as few electrical phases as possible should be used. Due to the three-phase three-phase network available, a three-phase system, as shown by way of example in FIG. 15, can be constructed very inexpensively.
  • FIG. 15 shows the interconnection of the coils of the two drive segments shown in FIG. 14 of the linear drive unit preferably used according to the invention in the third alternative.
  • a first coil 2a 1 with a first coil core 3a ' is closed between a first phase and a second phase of a three-phase three-phase system whose three phases are uniformly distributed, ie the second phase at 120 ° and a third phase 240 °, when the first phase is at 0 °.
  • the linear coil arrangements can be imaged in a circular phase diagram as in the first and second alternative of the sliding door according to the invention. Since the electrical interconnection of the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention corresponds to that of the first and second alternatives, the phase diagrams and phase control diagrams shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 and analogously also result for the third alternative of the sliding door according to the invention.
  • FIG. 16 shows a cross-section of a carrying and driving device of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention, which also shows a section of a stator module according to the invention.
  • a basically U-shaped support profile 6 ' has a bottom 9 and two perpendicular side portions 10 which each have recesses 11 in which arrangements 7', 8 fastened to the support carriage 4 run from individual rollers, which cause a vertical guidance.
  • two identical arrangements 7 ', 8 of individual rollers are selected, of which a left arrangement T lies in the positive transverse direction y to the left of a right arrangement 8.
  • the left-hand arrangement T is fastened on the supporting carriage 4 on the left in the positive transverse direction y and the right-hand arrangement 8 is fastened on the supporting carriage 4 on the right in the positive transverse direction y.
  • the magnetic row 1 is arranged on the bottom 13 of the support carriage 4. Between the side portions 12 'of the support carriage 4 is arranged with a gap-shaped distance a to the magnetic row 1 from a coil 2 1 and 3 coil cores' existing coil assembly which on a soft magnetic return rail 14 are fixed, which is inserted into a groove on the bottom 9 of the support section 6 '.
  • the coil arrangement with its wiring 37 and the soft-magnetic return rail 14 form a stator module 40 according to the invention, which forms a mechanical unit and is inserted into a groove in the bottom 9 of the support profile 6 1 .
  • the coil cores 3 'and the soft magnetic remindish ⁇ rail 14 may also be integrally formed.
  • the recesses 11 are provided with running surfaces 15, which are designed so that a unrolling of the individual rollers of the arrangements 7 ', 8 of the roller assembly takes place with low noise.
  • the running surfaces 15 can consist of two or more material components, for example of a soft damping layer 15b, which is provided on the supporting profile 6 ', and a hard running layer 15a on which the individual rollers run.
  • a horizontal guide element (not shown) is provided on support carriage 4, which holds support carriage 4 in a stable position in the y-direction.
  • a position sensor 16 of a displacement measuring system is attached to which the magnet row 1 serves as a measuring scale in order to determine the position of the supporting carriage 4 running in the supporting profile 6 1 .
  • the position sensor 16, which may consist of a plurality of individual sensors, is connected via a wiring 39 to a transmitter.
  • a covering 19 ' is provided around the support profile 6', within which a circuit arrangement 18 'for controlling the linear drive unit, which also includes the evaluation electronics of the displacement measuring system, is accommodated, which has a control for driving the individual coils 2' and electrically connected to the position sensor 16 of the Weg ⁇ measuring system, with the coil 2 'of the coil assembly, with a (not shown) power supply and with a (not shown) sensor for initiating the opening and closing of the sliding door according to the invention.
  • the row of magnets 1 on the housing 6 and the "stator module" 40 consisting of coils 2 ', coil cores 3', the wiring 37 and the soft-magnetic return rail 14 can also be fastened to the support carriage 4 Case the stator becomes a runner.
  • the control can move one or more door leaves 5, ie supporting carriages 4 each having a row of magnets 1. 10853
  • FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the support slide 4 is not U-shaped, but rather flat, and the stator module 40 does not have a dovetail-shaped guide on the return flow rail 14 which fits into a corresponding groove in the bottom 9 of FIG Trag ⁇ profile 6 'is provided, but the return flow rail 14 is simply designed flat and is inserted in the installed state in a groove which results between the bottom 9 and two projections 42 which are arranged on the side walls 10 of the support section 6'.
  • FIG. 17 shows a cross-section of the stator module 40 according to the invention, which is designed here without a position sensor 16 and its wiring 39.
  • the mechanical unit of the stator module 40 consisting of a phase wiring 38 consisting of a return busbar 14, and this attached coil cores 3 'and inserted on these individual coils 2 1 is used as a whole in the support section 6 1 , as shown in the right part of Figure 17 is.
  • a simple installation is possible and given an additional stiffening of the support profile 6 '.
  • FIG. 18 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the stator module 40 acts on a support carriage 4, on which the door leaf 5 is suspended.
  • solidified magnet series 1 which has about twice the length of the stator module 40. In this way, an overlapping of the stator module 40 and the magnetic row 1 is provided in each position of the carrier carriage 4 serving as a runner, but in the extreme positions of the door leaf 5, ie completely open and completely closed, is relatively short, namely only about 1 / 3 of Sta ⁇ gate consisting of a stator module 40.
  • Figure 19 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • stator consisting of two stator modules 40, 41 is arranged in the middle in the support profile 6 '. Both stator modules 40, 41 have the same length. This results in the extreme positions of the door leaf 5, an overlap of the stator and the magnet array 1 of about 5/6 the length of a stator module, that is about 5/12 of the length of the entire stator.
  • FIG. 20 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention
  • stator consisting of two stator modules 40, 41 is arranged here in the support profile 6 'in which both stator modules 40, 41 have a different one Have length.
  • the left stator module 40 is in the The length and the position identical to the left stator module 40 shown in FIG. 19 and the right stator module 41 are approximately 1.5 times the length of the right stator module 41 shown in FIG.
  • both stator modules 40, 41 are joined together approximately in the middle of the carrier profile 6 '(the interface between the two stator modules 40, 41 is slightly offset to the left) to form the stator, this results in the extreme left position of the door leaf 5 an overlap of the stator and the magnetic row 1 of about 5/6 the length of the left stator module 40, that is about 2/5 of the length of the entire stator, and in the extreme right positions of the door leaf 5, an overlap of the stator and the magnetic row 1 of about 4/5 of the length of the right stator module 41, that is about 1/2 of the length of the entire stator.
  • Figure 21 is a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 22 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • stator modules 40, 41 which are assembled in the middle in the support profile 6 'are not directly connected but are joined together via an intermediate piece 44. In this way, the stator modules can be configured identically at both ends.
  • Figure 23 is a longitudinal sectional view of a sliding door according to a sixth preferred embodiment of the third alternative of the invention.
  • the two stator modules 40, 41 which are assembled in the middle in the support profile 6 ', are located at the respective outer ends, i. Where they are not plugged together, provided at the positions of the outer three coil cores with consisting of three individual sensors position sensors 16, 17.
  • These position sensors 16, 17 may be provided instead of or in addition to the respective outer three individual coils 2 '(not shown here).
  • FIG. 24 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • phase lines 37 are designed as lines running through the stator module according to the invention, ie one end is provided at one end of the stator module and the other end at the other end of the stator module. Connections of the phase lines 37 of the here three-phase drive system, ie the three single-phase lines in this case, are formed at both ends of the stator module.
  • three individual coils are connected to form a delta connection, wherein in each case a connection to one of the three individual phase lines follows at the connection points between two of the three coils.
  • a number of n such individual coil groups connected to a delta connection are connected in parallel to the phase wiring 37.
  • FIG. 25 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • three individual coils are connected in each case to form a star connection, wherein in each case one of the three coils is connected to one of the star points Connection to one of the three Einzelphasenleitun ⁇ gene takes place.
  • a number of n such individual coil groups connected to a delta connection are connected in parallel to the phase wiring 37.
  • FIG. 26 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a third preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 25 shows the electrical connection shown in FIG. 25 of a stator module of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • n star points connected to a neutral conductor 45, which forms a fourth line of the phase wiring 37. 005/010853
  • FIG. 27 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the three ends of the individual coils connected to the neutral conductor 45 are not directly connected via a star point connected to the neutral conductor 45, which results in a particularly simple wiring.
  • FIG. 28 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fifth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention, wherein in relation to the electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative shown in FIG
  • the invention only an assignment of the individual phase lines to the coils and a spatial position of the neutral point conductor 45 are ge otherwise selected.
  • the Stemtician conductor 45 is not spatially separated, but spatially adjacent next to the single-phase conductors of the phase wiring 37 executed.
  • FIG. 29 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a sixth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the star point conductor is not designed as a part of the phase wiring 37, but the return rail 14 assumes this function, wherein a contact via the coil cores 3 'takes place, with to which the ends of the individual coils connected to the star point conductor are electrically connected.
  • FIG. 30 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a seventh preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • each case in each case four individual coils are interconnected to form a ring circuit, wherein in each case at the connection points between two of the four coils a connection to one of four single-phase lines takes place.
  • a number of n such individual coil groups connected to a ring circuit are connected in parallel to the phase wiring 37.
  • FIG. 31 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to an eighth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • only three single-phase lines of a four-phase phase wiring 37 are used to switch a number of n coil groups consisting of two individual coils.
  • FIG. 32 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a ninth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 33 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a tenth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the single-phase lines of the phase wiring 37 are designed as ring lines, i. after the connection point with the last coil group between the connections on the stator module 40 and the connection point with the first coil group, and without a second connection aus ⁇ leads, i. there is a connection of the phase wiring only at one end of the stator module.
  • FIG. 34 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to an eleventh preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • connections are provided at both ends of the stator module.
  • FIG. 35 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a twelfth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the individual phase lines of the phase wiring 37 are likewise designed as ring lines, that is, after the junction with the last coil group, between the terminal on the stator module 40 and the junction with the first coil group, with a second terminal.
  • the star point conductor 45 is not designed here as a loop.
  • FIG. 36 shows an electrical connection of a stator module of a sliding door according to a thirteenth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the star point conductor 45 is likewise designed as a loop line and the individual coils of the coil groups are not connected via a neutral point. but directly connected to the neutral conductor 45.
  • FIG. 37 shows a first variant of an electrical connection of two stator modules connected to one another of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • FIG. 38 shows a second variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention, in which two stator modules constructed identically to the stator module shown in FIG. 27 are connected directly to one another.
  • FIG. 39 shows a third variant of an electrical connection of two stator modules of a sliding door according to the fourth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention, in which two of the stator modules shown in FIG. 36 are connected directly to one another, wherein in addition in each case there is no return line of the star-point conductor.
  • FIG. 40 shows a first variant of an electrical connection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the thirteenth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention shown in FIG. 36, in which case additionally the return lines are led out via connections and connected to each other are.
  • FIG. 41 shows a second variant of an electrical interconnection of two interconnected stator modules of a sliding door according to the thirteenth preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention, in which case the return lines are led out via connections and connected to each other, but within a stator module No connection of the return lines to the Einzel ⁇ phasen effeten takes place, so a return or ring line is done only via both together connected phase modules.
  • FIG. 42 shows a cross-sectional view and a horizontal section illustration of coil cores of a sliding door according to a first preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention. This embodiment corresponds in principle to the sliding door shown in FIG. 17 according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the coil cores 3 'cylindrical aus ⁇ designed.
  • FIG. 43 shows a cross-sectional view and a horizontal section illustration of coil cores of a sliding door according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • This embodiment also corresponds in principle to the sliding door shown in FIG. 17 according to a second preferred embodiment according to the third alternative of the invention.
  • the coil cores 3 ' are configured with a shape elongated transversely to the direction of movement, whereby the portion of the winding wire which contributes to the advancement of the magnet row 1 is particularly large and therefore in comparison with the cylindrical configuration of the coil cores with the same feed properties flatter design can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une porte coulissante comprenant un système d'entraînement magnétique destiné à au moins un battant de porte (5), comprenant une unité d'entraînement linéaire qui présente au moins une rangée d'éléments magnétiques doux ou magnétiques durs (1, 1e, 1f) et au moins un système de bobine qui consiste en plusieurs bobines individuelles (7, 7a, 7b, 7c) et qui, lorsque les bobines individuelles sont commandées, entre en interaction avec la/les rangée(s) d'éléments magnétiques doux ou magnétiques durs (1, 1e, 1f) pour produire des forces d'avancement. Le système de bobines de l'invention a une structure modulaire.
PCT/EP2005/010853 2004-10-17 2005-10-08 Porte coulissante a entrainement a moteur lineaire WO2006040100A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05795389.5A EP1805387B1 (fr) 2004-10-17 2005-10-08 Porte coulissante à entrainement à moteur linéaire

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200410050318 DE102004050318A1 (de) 2004-10-17 2004-10-17 Schiebetür mit einem Linearmotor-Antieb
DE102004050331.1 2004-10-17
DE102004050318.4 2004-10-17
DE200410050331 DE102004050331A1 (de) 2004-10-17 2004-10-17 Schiebetür mit einem Linearmotor-Antrieb
DE200510002038 DE102005002038B4 (de) 2005-01-14 2005-01-14 Schiebetür mit einem magnetischen Antriebssystem mit einem Linearmotor-Stator
DE102005002038.0 2005-01-14

Publications (1)

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WO2006040100A1 true WO2006040100A1 (fr) 2006-04-20

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220120045A1 (en) * 2020-10-20 2022-04-21 Vmag, Llc System for Moving a Barrier with Warning Devices Thereon

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EP0433830A1 (fr) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-26 Toyota Shatai Kabushiki Kaisha Moteur linéaire du type à aimant mobile pour porte automatique
DE4016948A1 (de) 1990-05-25 1991-11-28 Geze Gmbh & Co Schiebefuehrung
WO1994013055A1 (fr) 1992-11-26 1994-06-09 Stator B.V. Element statorique pour moteur electrique lineaire et porte munie d'un element statorique de ce type
JPH08275493A (ja) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-18 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 自動扉用リニアモータ
DE19618518C1 (de) 1996-05-08 1998-03-05 Schuster Heinz Peter Elektromagnetisches Antriebssystem für magnetische Schwebe- und Tragesysteme
WO2000050719A1 (fr) 1999-02-26 2000-08-31 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Systeme combine de palier et d'entrainement
JP2003244928A (ja) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-29 Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd 自動ドア用磁石可動型リニアモータ

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JP2001288962A (ja) * 2000-02-03 2001-10-19 Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd 建具の自動開閉装置
DE10257584B4 (de) * 2002-12-09 2007-04-26 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Linearantrieb für eine Schiebetür

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EP0433830A1 (fr) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-26 Toyota Shatai Kabushiki Kaisha Moteur linéaire du type à aimant mobile pour porte automatique
DE4016948A1 (de) 1990-05-25 1991-11-28 Geze Gmbh & Co Schiebefuehrung
WO1994013055A1 (fr) 1992-11-26 1994-06-09 Stator B.V. Element statorique pour moteur electrique lineaire et porte munie d'un element statorique de ce type
JPH08275493A (ja) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-18 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 自動扉用リニアモータ
DE19618518C1 (de) 1996-05-08 1998-03-05 Schuster Heinz Peter Elektromagnetisches Antriebssystem für magnetische Schwebe- und Tragesysteme
WO2000050719A1 (fr) 1999-02-26 2000-08-31 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Systeme combine de palier et d'entrainement
JP2003244928A (ja) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-29 Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd 自動ドア用磁石可動型リニアモータ

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 12 5 December 2003 (2003-12-05) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220120045A1 (en) * 2020-10-20 2022-04-21 Vmag, Llc System for Moving a Barrier with Warning Devices Thereon

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EP1805387B1 (fr) 2018-09-19
EP1805387A1 (fr) 2007-07-11

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