WO2006038600A1 - ディーゼルエンジンの制御装置 - Google Patents
ディーゼルエンジンの制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006038600A1 WO2006038600A1 PCT/JP2005/018315 JP2005018315W WO2006038600A1 WO 2006038600 A1 WO2006038600 A1 WO 2006038600A1 JP 2005018315 W JP2005018315 W JP 2005018315W WO 2006038600 A1 WO2006038600 A1 WO 2006038600A1
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- injection
- target
- mode
- fuel
- control
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
- F02D21/06—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air
- F02D21/08—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air the other gas being the exhaust gas of engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
- F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3035—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3064—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion with special control during transition between modes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/403—Multiple injections with pilot injections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
- F02D41/0057—Specific combustion modes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
- F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a diesel engine control device, and more particularly to a diesel engine control device that executes control for switching between normal diffusion combustion and premixed compression ignition combustion.
- premixed combustion in which the fuel injection or supply timing is set earlier than the compression top dead center of the piston and the premixed gas is ignited after the fuel supply is completed. It has been proposed to realize a fuel form called “both” (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- premix combustion the premixed gas is ignited after a certain period of time (premixed period) after the fuel injection is completed, so that the premixed gas is sufficiently lean and uniform before ignition. Therefore, the local combustion temperature is reduced, NOx emissions are reduced, and combustion in an air-deficient state is avoided, so smoke is suppressed.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11 324764
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-286880
- premixed combustion is a combustion mode that is established only after ensuring a uniform lean premixed gas, and is required to have a relatively large excess air ratio in the cylinder. At least the current situation Premixed combustion can only be performed in low-load areas and in limited operating areas. Therefore, it is necessary to perform normal diffusion combustion in a high load region, and it is necessary to switch between these premixed combustion and diffusion combustion in accordance with the operating state of the engine. If this switching is not performed properly, combustion noise and torque fluctuations will occur.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a control device for a diesel engine capable of smoothly and suitably switching between premixed combustion and diffusion combustion.
- the injected fuel is Normal injection mode that controls the injection amount and injection timing to ignite near the compression top dead center within the injection period, and fuel injection ends before the compression top dead center, and the injected fuel is premixed
- the two control modes, the premixed injection mode that controls the injection amount and the injection timing, are set so that ignition occurs near the compression top dead center, and the target values for the control parameters in each control mode are set individually in advance.
- the engine control unit Provided.
- an EGR device for performing EGR that circulates a part of the exhaust gas to the intake side
- the EGR device including a valve for changing the EGR rate, and an actual EGR rate to be a target EGR EGR control means for controlling the valve so as to approach the GR rate
- the target value comprises at least a target fuel injection amount, a target fuel injection timing, and the target EGR rate
- the changing means is When switching from one control mode to the other control mode, there is a delay means for starting the change of the target fuel injection amount and the target fuel injection timing after starting the change of the target EGR rate.
- the valve includes at least an intake throttle valve provided in an intake passage of the engine, and the EGR control means controls the amount of intake air in order to control the EGR rate.
- the intake throttle valve is controlled at least so that the intake air amount approaches the target intake air amount, and the delay means changes from one control mode to the other control mode.
- the change of the target fuel injection amount and the target fuel injection timing may be started after the change of the target intake air amount is started.
- the target EGR rate is set to 50% or more.
- means for correcting the target EGR rate based on the engine temperature is provided.
- a common rail that stores fuel before injection in a high-pressure state and means for controlling the common rail pressure that is the fuel pressure in the common rail are provided, and the target value is further set to the target common rail.
- the delay means further starts changing the target common rail pressure after starting to change the target EGR rate when switching from one control mode to the other control mode.
- the target value is at least the normal injection.
- the target pilot injection amount and the target pilot injection timing in are respectively associated with the target main injection amount and the target main injection timing in the premixed injection mode, and the changing means controls from one control mode to the other control.
- the target pilot injection amount in the normal injection mode and the premixing Performs gradually changed between the target main injection quantity in the elevation mode, make changes gradually between the target main injection timing in the target pilot injection timing in the normal injection mode the premixed injection mode.
- means for correcting the target main injection timing in the premixed injection mode based on the engine temperature is provided.
- the normal injection mode is executed on a higher load side of the engine than the premixed injection mode.
- the reentrant type cavity provided at the top of the engine force piston is provided.
- an injector having an injection angle set so that the injected fuel enters the cavity in any of the control modes.
- the injected fuel is injected into the control device for controlling the injection amount and the injection timing of the fuel injected into the cylinder of the diesel engine.
- Normal injection mode that controls the injection amount and injection timing so that ignition occurs near the compression top dead center within the injection period, and fuel injection ends before the compression top dead center, and the injected fuel is premixed.
- Two control modes the premixed injection mode that controls the injection amount and the injection timing, are set so that ignition occurs near the compression top dead center after a period of time, and in each of these control modes, control of the fuel system and intake system
- Each parameter target value is set individually in advance, and when switching from one control mode to the other control mode, the target value in one control mode is changed to the target value in the other control mode
- System in control mode There is provided a control device for a diesel engine, characterized in that a change delay means is provided for starting the change of the target value of the engine with a delay from the change of the target value of the air system in one control mode.
- the injected fuel is injected into the control device for controlling the injection amount and the injection timing of the fuel injected into the cylinder of the diesel engine.
- Normal injection mode that controls the injection amount and injection timing so that ignition occurs near the compression top dead center within the injection period, and fuel injection ends before the compression top dead center, and the injected fuel is premixed.
- Two control modes the premixed injection mode that controls the injection amount and the injection timing so as to ignite near the compression top dead center after a period of time, are set.
- the target values of the control parameters in these control modes are individually set in advance, and the target values are set at least in the communication mode.
- a diesel engine control device characterized in that a fuel target value changing means is provided for changing the timing.
- FIG. 1 shows a control device for a diesel engine (hereinafter simply referred to as an engine) according to the present embodiment. Note that the force shown in FIG. 1 is only one cylinder.
- reference numeral 1 denotes an engine body, which includes a cylinder 2, a cylinder head 3, a piston 4, an intake port 5, an exhaust port 6, an intake valve 7, an exhaust valve 8, an injector 9 and the like.
- Cylinder 2 denotes an engine body, which includes a cylinder 2, a cylinder head 3, a piston 4, an intake port 5, an exhaust port 6, an intake valve 7, an exhaust valve 8, an injector 9 and the like.
- the combustion chamber 10 is defined by the cylinder head 3 and the piston 4.
- a cavity 11 is recessed at the top of the piston 4, and fuel is directly injected into the cavity 11 from an injector 9 provided facing the combustion chamber 10.
- the engine cavity 11 and the injector 9 of the present embodiment are designed in the same manner as that of a normal diesel engine designed on the assumption that diffusion combustion is realized.
- the cavity 11 of the present embodiment is formed such that the area of the opening (upper end) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the lower portion.
- the reentrant type has a convex part protruding upward at the center of its bottom, and the injector 9 is arranged substantially coaxially with the cylinder 2 and is connected to a general injection angle ⁇ (for example, 1) from a plurality of injection holes (holes).
- the fuel is injected in the range of 40 ° to 165 °.
- the injector 9 is connected to the common rail 24, and is always supplied to the high-pressure fuel-power injector 9 stored in the common rail 24. Fuel pumping to the common rail 24 is performed by a high-pressure supply pump 25.
- the intake port 5 is connected to the intake pipe 12, and these form an intake passage.
- the exhaust port 6 is connected to an exhaust pipe 13, which forms an exhaust passage.
- the engine of this embodiment further includes an EGR device 19 for performing EGR for returning a part of the exhaust gas (EGR gas) in the exhaust pipe 13 to the intake pipe 12.
- EGR device 19 for performing EGR for returning a part of the exhaust gas (EGR gas) in the exhaust pipe 13 to the intake pipe 12.
- the EGR device 19 includes an EGR pipe 20 for connecting the intake pipe 12 and the exhaust pipe 13, an EGR valve 21 for adjusting the EGR rate by changing the pipe area of the EGR pipe 20, and an EGR An EGR cooler 22 for cooling EGR gas is provided upstream of the valve 21.
- Increasing the valve opening of the EGR valve 21 can increase the EGR rate and EGR amount of the intake air sucked into the cylinder.
- decreasing the valve opening of the EGR valve 21 reduces the intake air intake. The EGR rate and EGR amount can be reduced.
- the intake pipe 12 is provided with an intake throttle valve 23 for appropriately restricting intake air upstream of the connection portion with the EGR pipe 20.
- the intake throttle valve 23 is also included in the EGR device 19.
- An electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as ECU) 26 for electronically controlling the engine is provided.
- the ECU 26 reads the operating state of the engine from various sensors and controls the injector 9, the EGR valve 21, the intake throttle valve 23, etc. based on the operating state of the engine.
- the sensors include an accelerator opening sensor 14 for detecting the accelerator opening, a crank angle sensor 16 for detecting the phase of the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine, that is, the crank angle, and the fuel pressure in the common rail 24.
- the common rail pressure sensor 17 for detecting the intake air amount, the intake air amount sensor 15 for detecting the intake air amount, etc. are included.
- the ECU 26 Based on the output signals of these sensors, the ECU 26 detects the actual accelerator opening, crank angle, Determine common rail pressure, intake air volume, etc. In particular, the ECU 26 determines the engine load L based on the value of the accelerator opening, calculates the crank angle increase rate with respect to time, and determines the engine speed NE. [0032] When the injector 9 is turned ON / OFF by the ECU 26, fuel injection by the injector 9 is executed / stopped.
- the ECU 26 determines the target value of the fuel injection amount and the injection timing based on the parameter representing the engine operating state in which the sensor force is detected, in particular, the detected value of the engine speed NE and the engine load L, When the actual crank angle reaches the target injection timing, the injector 9 is energized (ON) for the time corresponding to the target injection amount from that time. That is, the injection amount corresponds to the energization time of the injector, and the injection timing refers to the energization start timing of the injector, that is, the injection start timing.
- the target injection amount and the target injection timing are determined in advance by an actual machine test or the like, and their value power is stored in a memory in the CU 26 in a map format.
- feedback control of the common rail pressure that is, the injection pressure is also executed. That is, the ECU 26 calculates the target value of the common rail pressure from a map stored in advance based on parameters representing the engine operating state in which the sensor force is detected, in particular, the detected values of the engine rotational speed NE and the engine load L.
- the fuel pumping amount from the high-pressure supply pump 25 to the common rail 24 is controlled by controlling the opening of the adjustment valve so that the actual common rail pressure approaches the target value.
- the engine of the present embodiment realizes premixed combustion as described in the column of "Background Art" in a predetermined operating region, and realizes normal diffusion combustion in other operating regions. . More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, on the map of the engine operation region determined by the engine speed NE and the fuel injection amount Q, a region for realizing premixed combustion (premix region), a normal region A region (normal region) in which diffusion combustion is realized is determined in advance, and a switching line A that defines the boundary between these regions is determined in advance.
- the premixing zone is set on the lower load side than the normal zone.
- the control device of the present embodiment includes two control modes: a premix injection mode executed in the premix region and a normal injection mode executed in the normal region. .
- a premix injection mode executed in the premix region that is, when they are on the lower load side than the switching line A
- the control in the premixing injection mode is executed.
- the normal region that is, when on the higher load side than the switching line A
- control in the normal injection mode is executed.
- the operating state is in the premixed range
- the control mode is switched at points B and C, respectively, accordingly. This will be described in detail later.
- the engine of the present embodiment realizes premixed combustion using the reentrant type cavity 11 and the injector 9 having the normal injection angle ⁇ .
- the ECU 26 sets the fuel injection timing so that the fuel injection ends before the compression top dead center of the piston 4 and all of the injected fuel enters the cavity 11. Control.
- Such injection timing is, for example, in the range of 5 to 35 ° before top dead center. In other words, the fuel injection timing is advanced more than in the case of normal combustion, but the degree of advance is limited to a range in which all injected fuel falls within the cavity 11.
- injection timing injection start timing
- Fig. 2 (a) shows the state of fuel injection start timing (the moment when the injector is turned on). At this point in time, fuel power S has not yet been injected from injector 9, and piston 4 is compared. It is located below. Thereafter, when a certain period of time elapses, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the piston 4 slightly rises and starts to scatter radially outward from the fuel F force indicator 9. At this point, however, the fuel F still reaches the cavity 11 of the piston 4 and should be. When a further period elapses, the fuel F collides with the upper side wall of the cavity 11 as shown in FIG. At this time, the injection timing at which all the fuel F is supplied to the inside of the cavity 11 is the injection timing set in the present embodiment. On the contrary, the injection timing at which a part of the fuel colliding with the cavity 11 bounces upward and adheres to the lower surface of the cylinder head 3 is not set in this embodiment.
- the EGR rate is controlled to control this ignition timing. It is desirable that the ignition timing is in the vicinity of compression top dead center in terms of output and fuel consumption.
- fuel is injected earlier than in normal diffusion combustion. There is a possibility of ignition before reaching near the top dead center. Therefore, in EGR control, it is supplied into the cylinder.
- Target EGR rate for intake air (intake air + EGR gas) Set to be higher than in normal combustion, control the ignition timing to be delayed and the ignition timing to be ignited near the compression top dead center by the earlier injection timing. is doing. Specifically, the target EGR rate is set to 50% or more.
- a relatively narrow injection angle a and a shallow dish type or open type CA are combined to greatly advance the injection timing. Even so, the fuel injected from the injectors always reached the cavity CA.
- the injector 9 having a normal injection angle j8 (within a range of 140 ° to 165 °) is used as in the present embodiment, the injection angle becomes wider than before and the injection timing can be advanced. This range is smaller than the conventional engine. If this happens, fuel will be injected at a relatively high in-cylinder pressure and temperature, and ignition may occur before compression top dead center.
- the target EGR rate is set to a relatively high value, so that the ignition timing can be delayed and controlled near the compression top dead center.
- a map of the target value of the intake air amount corresponding to the engine operating state is stored in advance in the ECU 26 (see FIG. 6), and the ECU 26 uses this map. Accordingly, one or both of the EGR valve 21 and the intake throttle valve 23 are controlled so that the actual intake air amount approaches the target intake air amount.
- This target value map of intake air amount is determined in advance so that the actual EGR rate becomes the target EGR rate when the intake air amount is controlled according to this map.
- the intake air amount is a value corresponding to the EGR rate. This is because when the intake air amount is constant, the EGR rate decreases as the intake air amount increases, and the EGR rate increases as the intake air amount decreases. Since the intake air amount is determined according to the engine speed, the EGR rate can be calculated from the engine speed and the intake air amount.
- FIG. 4 shows an engine according to the present embodiment and an engine using an open type CA and an injector I having a narrow injection angle ⁇ (hereinafter referred to as an open type engine) as shown in FIG.
- the measurement results of average effective pressure Pmi, THC emissions, and smoke emissions are shown.
- the horizontal axis of the figure is the fuel injection start time (ATDC), and the line connecting the square points in the figure shows the measurement result of the engine of this embodiment, and the line connecting the triangular points shows the measurement result of the open type engine. .
- the line connecting the diamond points shows the measurement results of a normal diesel engine that performs diffusion combustion as a reference.
- the average effective pressure Pmi (corresponding to the output) exceeds the open type engine at all injection start timings.
- the THC and smoke emissions are also equal to or less than that of the open engine at all injection start timings.
- the engine of this embodiment has a small amount of smoke emission over a wide range of injection start times. This means that there is a high degree of freedom in setting the injection start time.
- the injection timing range with a small amount of smoke emission is narrow (-26 ° to -18 ° ATDC), so the settable range of the injection timing is also narrow, but the engine of this embodiment has a small amount of smoke emission. Since the injection timing range is wide (-30 ° to -14 ° ATDC), the injection timing can be freely set within this wide range.
- the reason why the engine of the present embodiment is superior in both output and exhaust gas compared to the open type engine is presumed to be the effect of the reentrant type 11.
- the reentrant type cavity 11 in the reentrant type cavity 11, almost all of the combustion can be performed in the cavity 11, which is considered to have led to an improvement in output.
- the reentrant type cavity 11 can hold the swirl formed in the cavity 11 in the cavity 11 for a long period of time, so that sufficient dilution and homogenization can be achieved by mixing the premixed gas. This force is thought to have led to improvements in S exhaust gas.
- the formation of a high squish which is another advantage of the reentrant-type cavity 11, can be considered to contribute to the improvement of exhaust gas.
- FIG. 5 shows three types of fuel injection timings set in the engine of this embodiment. The measurement results of THC emissions, NOx emissions, smoke emissions, and net average effective pressure BMEP (corresponding to output) when the EGR rate is changed between about 40-60% during the period are shown.
- the horizontal axis of the figure is the air-fuel ratio (AZF) of the premixed gas.
- the line connecting the circle points is the injection timing 20 ° BTDC
- the line connecting the triangular points is the line connecting the injection timing 30 ° BTDC
- the diamond points The injection timing is 40 ° BTDC.
- the line connecting the square points shows the measurement results of a normal diesel engine with diffuse combustion as a reference.
- the engine of this embodiment realizes normal diffusion combustion on the high load side.
- the engine of the present embodiment uses a reentrant type cavity 11 suitable for diffusion combustion and an injection angle j8 that is relatively wide and uses a normal injector 9. Therefore, good combustion is achieved even when realizing diffusion combustion. Can be secured.
- the injected fuel hits the sidewall of the cavity 11 as in the case of a normal diesel engine. Absent. Further, the swirl formed in the cavity 11 can be retained in the cavity 11 by the reentrant cavity 11, so that excellent exhaust gas characteristics can be obtained.
- the fuel injection angle ⁇ of the injector 9 is set as follows. That is, the angle is such that the fuel injected in the vicinity of the compression top dead center of the piston 4 reaches the cavity inner wall radially outward from the lowest node of the cavity 11 (see FIG. 2 (a)).
- 8 of the injector 9 is made as narrow as possible within the range satisfying this condition, premixed combustion and diffusion combustion can be suitably achieved, and the injection start timing is relatively low during premixed combustion. It becomes possible to greatly speed up.
- the high swirl type cylinder head 3 or the intake port 5 in order to further promote the mixing of the premixed gas during the premixed combustion.
- a swirl generator may be provided at the intake port 5.
- an external EGR device that recirculates a part of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 13 into the intake pipe 12 is shown, but the present invention is not limited in this respect, An internal EGR device that opens and closes the exhaust valve 2 or the intake valve 7 to recirculate the exhaust gas into the combustion chamber 10 may be used.
- the two control modes of the premixed injection mode executed in the premixed region and the normal injection mode executed in the normal region are performed. Is provided.
- the control mode is switched accordingly. Examples of switching points during acceleration and deceleration are indicated by points B and C, respectively.
- the fuel injection is completed before the compression top dead center, and the injection amount and the injection timing are such that the injected fuel is ignited near the compression top dead center through the premix period. Be controlled.
- the injection amount and the injection timing are controlled so that the injected fuel ignites near the compression top dead center within the injection period.
- target values of the control meters are individually set for the premixed injection mode and the normal injection mode. That is, a map of target values of control parameters (main injection period, etc.) corresponding to one or more parameters (engine speed, engine load, etc.) representing the engine operating state is provided in advance for each of a plurality of different control parameters. Furthermore, a map for the premixed injection mode and a map for the normal injection mode are provided for the same control parameter. As will be described in detail later, in this embodiment, only one main injection is executed in the premixed injection mode, and two fuel injections, pilot injection and main injection, are executed in the normal injection mode.
- the control parameters of the present embodiment include a main injection amount, a main injection timing, a pilot injection amount, a pilot injection timing, an intake air amount, and a common rail pressure.
- various other control parameters such as a supercharging pressure and a movable vane opening degree in an engine using a variable capacity turbocharger can be employed.
- two target values are set independently for the same control parameter, so that the target value is large immediately after the control mode is switched, even though the engine operation state is substantially the same. May change. If the target value is suddenly increased (that is, stepped) when the control mode is switched, the actual value also changes significantly, resulting in combustion noise and torque fluctuations. It causes exhaust gas etc. there is a possibility.
- the control mode is switched from the normal injection mode to the premixed injection mode at time tl, and then the premixed injection mode force is switched to the normal injection mode at time t3.
- the target value of each control parameter is also changed to the value of one control mode (for example, VI) at the time of this change, and the force to be changed to the value of the other control mode (for example, V2). Gradually change to the other value.
- the change of one value force to the other value is a slope shape that is gradually performed over a certain time period in a step shape that is instantaneously and rapidly performed.
- Such a change can be achieved, for example, by executing a smoothing process on a basic step input and setting the output as a target value.
- delay control is performed to delay the change of the target value of the fuel system relative to the change of the target value of the intake system when the control mode is switched.
- the fuel system target values here are the target main injection amount, the target main injection timing, the target pilot injection amount, the target pilot injection timing, and the target common rail pressure in the illustrated example. In the illustrated example, this is the target intake air amount.
- the change of the target intake air amount is first started, and then the target intake air amount value is changed. Changes to the target main injection amount, target main injection timing, target pilot injection amount, target pilot injection timing, and target common rail pressure when the value reaches the predetermined threshold value MAF2 (time t4).
- the reason for this is due to the difference in response that the actual value related to the intake system changes later than the actual value related to the fuel system. That is, even if the target intake air amount is changed and the intake throttle valve 23 and the EGR valve 21 can be immediately changed to the opening corresponding to the target value, the intake throttle valve 23 and the EGR valve 21 and the combustion chamber 10 in the cylinder Since there is a certain distance and volume during the period, the EGR rate of the intake air actually existing in the combustion chamber 10 is changed to the target value corresponding to the force after a certain time.
- the target EGR rate in the premixed region is set to a relatively high value of 50% or more, while the target EGR rate in the normal region is approximately 30% or less.
- the target EGR rate changes greatly due to movement between regions, and this is also a factor that delays tracking of the actual EGR rate.
- the value of the fuel system can be changed immediately if a signal corresponding to the target value is sent to the injector 9, and the change of the common rail pressure can also be executed relatively quickly. Therefore, as in this embodiment, the value of the fuel system that can be quickly changed is changed after being delayed from the value of the intake system, and the value of the fuel system is changed after waiting for the actual change in the EGR rate in the combustion chamber 10.
- the EGR rate is an important parameter for premixed combustion, and it is important to control the EGR rate according to the actual EGR rate.
- FIG. 8 shows how the intake system values change in response to changes in engine load.
- the horizontal axis represents the engine load
- the vertical axis represents (a) the intake air amount, (b) the force SEGR rate, and (c) the AZF (air-fuel ratio).
- the solid line is the value in the normal injection mode
- the broken line is the value in the premixed injection mode.
- the diagram (a) shows the target value
- the diagrams (b) and (c) show the actual values.
- each value changes as indicated by a thick arrow E.
- each value changes so as to move to the right along the broken line.
- each value changes to a value on the solid line that is the value of the normal injection mode, and thereafter each value changes so as to move to the right along the solid line.
- switching at point B each value changes as indicated by El, but in the present embodiment, the control for gradually changing is executed as described above, so the change is performed relatively slowly.
- the EGR rate is 50% or more, near 50% immediately before the switching point B, and the value increases as the force toward the low load side increases. Becomes larger.
- the target EGR rate is set so that the EGR rate changes as described above.
- the target intake air amount is set as shown in (a). In (a), the amount of intake air increases as the direction of force increases. This corresponds to the decreasing EGR rate.
- the premixed injection mode is switched to the normal injection mode, the intake air amount changes to a larger value.
- AZF has a value larger than the stoichiometric (theoretical air-fuel ratio: about 14.5) (that is, lean side), and gradually decreases as the engine load increases. Near (ie, slightly larger than the sticky value, eg 15). This value is the limit for premixed combustion. Then, when switching to the normal injection mode at the switching point B, AZF is increased again, and thereafter decreases to a substantially constant value after decreasing. As shown in the figure, there is a smoke generation area within a certain range of AZF higher than the stoichiometry.
- AZF is almost constant at a value slightly higher than the smoke generation area, avoiding the smoke generation area.
- the fuel is uniformly premixed and burned, and in combination with the effect of the reentrant type mentioned above, smoke is generated. Is not a problem.
- Each target value is set so that the above AZF changes can be realized.
- FIG. 9 shows how the injection amount and the injection timing change when the control mode is switched.
- (a) is in the normal injection mode
- (d) is in the premixed injection mode
- (b) and (c) show transition states between these modes.
- only one main injection is performed in the premixed injection mode, and pilot and main in the normal injection mode. Two injections are executed.
- premixed main injection main injection
- normal pilot injection pilot injection in the normal injection mode
- Injection quantity and injection timing are related to each other, and a transition takes place between them.
- the premixed main injection and the normal pilot injection are different in timing because the injection timing is before the compression top dead center TDC. Therefore, it is desirable to perform control by associating these, since the transition can be performed smoothly and can be handled as one value for control.
- the injection timings of the premixed main injection and the normal pilot injection are handled as one or a common control parameter.
- the injection timing and the injection amount of the normal pilot injection are gradually shifted to those of the premixed main injection, and the normal injection is performed.
- main injection in the mode hereinafter also referred to as normal main injection
- the injection timing and injection amount of premix main injection gradually shift to those of normal pilot injection.
- the normal main injection gradually appears from the initial state, the injection amount is gradually increased while the injection timing is fixed near the compression top dead center, and finally reaches the target value in the normal injection mode. .
- the injection amount of the normal pilot injection is usually smaller than the injection amount of the premixed main injection.
- the injection timing of the normal pilot injection is earlier than the injection timing of the premixed main injection, but there may be a case where it is later.
- the relationship between the maps shown in FIG. 6 is as shown in FIG. That is, the injection timing and injection amount of the premixed main injection are related to the injection timing and injection amount of normal pilot injection, respectively, and the target value is shifted between them.
- pilot injection does not exist in the premixed injection mode, there is no injection timing and injection amount calculation map.
- the main injection timing calculation map power in the normal injection mode is determined.
- the target value of the injection timing according to the engine operating state at that time is determined.
- the main injection amount calculation map force in the normal injection mode is also determined as a temporary target value of the main injection amount according to the engine operating state at that time, and the final target value gradually approaches the temporary target value. It is done.
- FIG. 10 shows the logic for determining the target injection timing of the premixed main injection.
- the injection timings of the premixed main injection and the normal pilot injection are treated as the same control parameter, and therefore this logic may be used to determine the target injection timing of the normal pilot injection. used.
- the target intake air amount is also determined using the same mouthpiece. This logic is executed by the ECU 26.
- a base value of the target premixed main injection timing is determined from the actual engine speed NE and the target fuel injection amount Q using a base map.
- the base correction value is determined from the actual engine speed NE and the target fuel injection amount Q using the correction value base map.
- the correction coefficient is determined using the correction coefficient map from the engine water temperature THW detected by a water temperature sensor (not shown) (this is a substitute value for the engine temperature, and the oil temperature can also be used).
- the final correction value is determined by multiplying the correction coefficient by the base value of the correction value, and this final correction value is added to the base value of the target pilot injection timing to obtain the final target premixed main injection timing.
- this logic corrects the target premixed main injection timing (that is, the target normal pilot injection timing) and the target intake air amount.
- FIG. 11 more specifically shows a map for determining the target premixed main injection timing.
- the horizontal axis is the engine speed (rpm)
- the vertical axis is the fuel injection amount (mm3Zst)
- only the low load side (lower side) of switching line A is used.
- the fuel injection amount of zero can be excluded except during fuel cuts, etc., so an area equal to or greater than the idle fuel injection amount (5 (mm3Zst) in this embodiment) is used.
- the premixed main injection timing is set within the range of 5 to 35 ° before top dead center, and it gets earlier as the engine speed and fuel injection amount (corresponding to engine load) increase. There is a tendency.
- the injection timing is advanced as the load increases. This is because it is necessary to increase the premixing period as the injection amount increases.
- the injection timing is advanced as the rotational speed increases. This is because the piston speed increases as the rotational speed increases, and it is necessary to start the injection earlier in order to secure the premixing period.
- Fig. 12 shows test results obtained by examining actual AZF in the premixed region using an actual machine.
- the AZF value shown here is a value calculated from the actual intake air amount, and is not a direct measurement of A ZF in the cylinder.
- the horizontal axis is the engine rotation speed (rpm)
- the vertical axis is the fuel injection amount (mm3Zst)
- AZF has a premixed combustion limit of approximately 15 at the position of switching line A, and the value increases toward the lower load side, indicating a lean tendency. Its maximum value on the lowest load side exceeds 35.
- the switching between the premixed combustion and the diffusion combustion can be performed smoothly and preferably, and the fuel at the time of switching is changed. Changes in burning noise and torque shock can be prevented in advance.
- Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various other embodiments can be adopted.
- the intake air amount is used as a parameter related to the EGR rate, but the value of the EGR rate may be used directly.
- the target EGR rate itself may be set in advance, the actual EGR rate may be detected, and control may be performed so that the actual EGR rate approaches the target EGR rate.
- the pilot injection may not be necessarily required but only the main injection. Conversely, it is also possible to perform multi-stage injection that performs pilot injection multiple times.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the fuel injected by Intaka Taka and the piston.
- FIG. 3 is a map showing a premixing region and a normal region in the engine operation region.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison result between the diesel engine according to the present embodiment and a conventional open type engine.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing measurement results obtained by examining changes in values with respect to differences in injection timing during premixed combustion.
- FIG. 6 A map of target values for each control parameter in the premixed injection mode and the normal injection mode.
- FIG. 7 is a time chart showing how each target value changes when the control mode is switched.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing changes in intake system values corresponding to changes in engine load.
- FIG. 9 is a time chart showing how the injection amount and injection timing change when the control mode is switched.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing logic for determining a target premixed main injection timing.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a map for determining the target premixed main injection timing more specifically.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a conventional open type engine.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between maps when premixed main injection and normal pilot injection are associated.
- ECU Electronic control unit
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05790497A EP1803918B1 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-04 | Diesel engine controller |
US11/664,634 US7827957B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-04 | Diesel engine control device |
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JP2004293964A JP3849703B2 (ja) | 2004-10-06 | 2004-10-06 | ディーゼルエンジンの制御装置 |
JP2004-293964 | 2004-10-06 |
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WO2006038600A1 true WO2006038600A1 (ja) | 2006-04-13 |
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PCT/JP2005/018315 WO2006038600A1 (ja) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-04 | ディーゼルエンジンの制御装置 |
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US (1) | US7827957B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1803918B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3849703B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100482932C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006038600A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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US20090182484A1 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-16 | Axel Loeffler | Method for operating an internal combustion engine, computer program and control unit |
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JP5163540B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-02 | 2013-03-13 | 日産自動車株式会社 | ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼制御装置 |
US9759142B2 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2017-09-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel ignition quality detection systems and methods |
FR2943730B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-24 | 2014-08-29 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de controle des emissions polluantes d'un moteur a combustion |
EP2500543A1 (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2012-09-19 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Diesel engine |
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JP5392293B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-29 | 2014-01-22 | マツダ株式会社 | 自動車搭載用ディーゼルエンジン及びディーゼルエンジンの制御方法 |
KR101198793B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-14 | 2012-11-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 파일럿 분사 개수 제어 장치 및 방법 |
JP5333505B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-12 | 2013-11-06 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 燃焼制御装置 |
JP6126432B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-05-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料噴射制御装置 |
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JP6305106B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-27 | 2018-04-04 | 株式会社Subaru | 燃料噴射制御装置 |
KR101601096B1 (ko) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-03-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 가변형 터보차저가 구비된 엔진의 제어 시스템 및 방법 |
CA3036335C (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2023-12-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control method and control device for internal combustion engine |
JP6500921B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-19 | 2019-04-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
JP6485489B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-23 | 2019-03-20 | マツダ株式会社 | エンジンの制御装置及びエンジンの制御方法 |
GB2592961B (en) | 2020-03-12 | 2022-11-02 | Perkins Engines Co Ltd | Cylinder cut-out modes for engines |
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- 2005-10-04 US US11/664,634 patent/US7827957B2/en active Active
- 2005-10-04 EP EP05790497A patent/EP1803918B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-04 WO PCT/JP2005/018315 patent/WO2006038600A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1803918B1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
JP3849703B2 (ja) | 2006-11-22 |
JP2006105046A (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
CN101035978A (zh) | 2007-09-12 |
EP1803918A1 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
US7827957B2 (en) | 2010-11-09 |
EP1803918A4 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
US20080221780A1 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
CN100482932C (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
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