WO2006035895A1 - 細胞内小核の検出方法 - Google Patents
細胞内小核の検出方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006035895A1 WO2006035895A1 PCT/JP2005/018005 JP2005018005W WO2006035895A1 WO 2006035895 A1 WO2006035895 A1 WO 2006035895A1 JP 2005018005 W JP2005018005 W JP 2005018005W WO 2006035895 A1 WO2006035895 A1 WO 2006035895A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cells
- micronuclei
- micronucleus
- cell
- test
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/5014—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing toxicity
- G01N33/5017—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing toxicity for testing neoplastic activity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting micronuclei in cells.
- a reverse mutation test using bacteria is characterized by detecting a mutation occurring at the gene level and having a relatively high positive predictive rate. Therefore, if the result of this test is positive, it is likely that the substance is a carcinogen.
- Chromosome aberration tests are based on the induction of structural and numerical abnormalities of chromosomes, and the background of detecting carcinogens that have been judged to be negative by reverse mutation tests such as benzene and jetylstilbestrol. is there.
- chromosome analysis and chromosomal aberration tests require a high degree of skill and time, so there are difficulties in speediness, and numerical abnormalities are polyploidy in which the basic number of chromosomes increases by an integral multiple. Since it is limited to detection, there is a limit that it is not possible to detect aneuploidy that increases or decreases in number of chromosomes leading to hereditary diseases.
- Micronuclei are small nuclei with a size of less than 1/3 of the diameter of the main nucleus (also called macronucleus) left in the cytoplasm of daughter cells via cell division. Just a difference It is thought to be formed due to chromosomal non-segregation due to cell division inhibition, which is the origin of number. Observation of intracellular micronuclei is much easier than chromosomal analysis
- In vitro micronucleus tests may be more suitable for routine tests than chromosomal aberration tests.
- micronucleus test has been standardized as an in vivo test using bone marrow erythrocytes such as mice in the past, and there remains a problem that a test protocol as an alternative to the chromosomal aberration test has not been established. .
- mutagenicity tests There are various methods for mutagenicity tests. Among them, as a test using gene mutagenicity as an index, the ⁇ reverse mutagenesis test using bacteria '' and as a test using chromosomal aberration inducing ability as an index, ⁇ A “chromosomal aberration test using cultured mammalian cells” is performed, and if a positive result is obtained in either of them, a “micronucleus test using rodents” is to be performed.
- One group 5 or more per sex.
- test substance is a solid, dissolve it in an appropriate solvent or suspend it in a medium. If it is a liquid, administer it directly or dilute it with an appropriate solvent. If the test substance is a gas, dilute it with clean air. If the stability after preparation is known, use it within a stable period.
- a solvent or vehicle is set as a negative control, and an appropriate known micronucleus inducer is set as a positive control.
- gavage or intraperitoneal administration In principle, gavage or intraperitoneal administration.
- the highest dose is the dose at which cytotoxicity is observed in the bone marrow, such as a decrease in immature erythrocytes, the dose at which any signs of toxicity are observed, or more than expected, or the upper limit of the technically applicable dose .
- the maximum dose should be 2,000 mg / kg / day for single or repeated doses within 14 days, and 1,000 mg / kg / day for longer doses.
- the highest dose should be the concentration that can be safely exposed.
- Set 3 or more doses at appropriate intervals (generally 2), but 10 or less.
- At least two specimen preparation periods should be set at appropriate intervals between 24 and 48 hours after administration, the animals are sacrificed, and bone marrow smears are prepared. If repeated administration is performed, the specimen should be prepared once every 18 to 24 hours after the final administration.
- a sample For a single dose, prepare a sample with a minimum of two blood sampling periods at appropriate intervals between 36 and 72 hours after administration. If repeated administration is performed, the specimen should be prepared once every 24 to 48 hours after the last administration.
- the frequency of appearance of immature erythrocytes relative to total erythrocytes is 200 or more per individual when using bone marrow, and 1,000 or more when using peripheral blood. Obtained by observing red blood cells.
- the observed frequency of cells with micronuclei for immature erythrocytes and the frequency of occurrence of immature erythrocytes for all red blood cells are displayed in tabular form, and the average value for each group is also displayed.
- 'Use cells in the logarithmic growth phase (3rd to 5th day of culture) and remove the culture medium in the culture vessel with an aspirator.
- Atarizine orange staining Observe at 200x using a fluorescence microscope equipped with a B excitation illumination system. The Giemsa-stained specimen is observed at 400x magnification.
- micronuclei Observe 2000 cells for each concentration and determine the frequency of cells with micronuclei. [0024] The classification of micronuclei follows.
- MN-1 Mononuclear cells containing micronuclei that are less than 1/10 of the main nucleus
- MN-2 mononuclear cells containing 1/10 to 1/3 of the main nucleus
- MN-3 mononuclear cell containing 1/3 to 1/2 micronuclei of main nucleus
- Mu-MN Mononuclear cells with multiple micronuclei
- MN-T Total number of mononuclear cells with micronuclei (total of the above four items), the most important item
- Mu-M Multinucleated cells (including cells that are strongly damaged! /)
- total count Total number of cells counted (this time around 2000) •
- the cytoplasm and nucleus are stained with different fluorescence (for example, FITC for the former and PI for the latter), and in the cytoplasmic region. Is calculated in the same way as above.
- Cytochalasin B which binds to the end of the actin filament and inhibits the polymerization reaction that forms the actin monomer force filament, is added to the test cell immediately after cell division is started,
- a technique that ensures that micronuclei are always generated via cell division by limiting the population for calculating the frequency of occurrence to only two-nucleus cells at the time of detection is mainly used in Europe and the United States. ing.
- micronuclei around the macronuclear region in the cytoplasm are removed. Therefore, the micronuclei (white circles of the micronuclei in Fig. 1) are detected in the observation Z measurement direction, and do not overlap with the fluorescence of the macronuclei. Or, micronuclei that exist in the lower part and micronuclei that exist in the area overlapping with the nucleus (black circles in Fig. 1) are not detected.
- the macronuclei in the entire observation area of cells are thought to reach 1Z3 to 1Z2 in mammalian cells, which means that the number of micronuclei in the whole cell is not accurately measured by conventional methods. become.
- the present invention provides the following micronucleus detection method.
- a gene encoding a single or multiple nuclear-related protein and a gene encoding a fluorescent protein are fused and introduced into a cultured cell to generate a mother cell that is expressed in the cell.
- performing treatment for mutagenicity tests performing limited excitation such that the micronucleus region emits fluorescence in a limited manner, and quantitatively measuring the amount of fluorescence according to the nuclear-related protein component
- a method for detecting intracellular micronuclei which enables detection in living cells without fixing cells to be measured.
- nucleus-related protein is a protein specific to a nuclear membrane in the method according to (1).
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the arrangement and observation state of micronuclei around a large nucleus region in the cytoplasm.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the state of excitation and observation images in the measurement of micronuclei.
- a gene in which a nuclear-related protein and a fluorescent protein are fused is introduced into a mammalian cultured cell such as Chinese nomster lung (CHL) in advance, so that the cell is stably introduced into the cell.
- CHL Chinese nomster lung
- a micronucleus test is performed as in the conventional technique.
- excitation is performed according to the fluorescent protein introduced as it is, nuclear-related regions are measured, and counting is performed in the same way as in the conventional method.
- the micronuclei are measured and calculated in a culture vessel such as a multiwell plate without preparing a fixed specimen.
- a culture vessel such as a multiwell plate
- additional measurements such as cytochalasin B can be made. It is possible to reliably count micronuclei generated through cell division without using a complex compound.
- the fluorescent protein used in the present invention has properties such that the fluorescence is attenuated or the fluorescent color is changed by irradiation with a certain amount of light such as visible light.
- a certain amount of light such as visible light.
- light is focused on the region of the nucleus of the fusion protein-expressing mother cell (Fig. 2A) to attenuate the fluorescence only in the region of the nucleus (Fig. 2B), or the fluorescence color is changed.
- the conventional method it is possible to detect small nuclei that cannot be detected by hiding them in the conventional method (Fig. 2C). For this reason, it is possible to calculate all the micronuclei generated in the whole cell region, compared with the conventional method, and it is possible to quantify the toxicity and mutagenicity of the chemical substance more accurately.
- a micronucleus test in the same manner as in the conventional method by establishing a mother cell using the nuclear membrane component as an index as the above-mentioned nuclear-related protein.
- it can be detected as a fluorescence amount that is more uniform than the nuclear region detected using normal nucleic acid components as an index and is proportional to the area of the nucleus. Therefore, it is possible to measure and calculate micronuclei with higher reproducibility and quantitativeness.
- the present invention has the following effects.
- Micronuclei can be detected only by light irradiation under certain conditions. Therefore, since the optical system construction is simple, continuous processing and automation become easy.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05788187A EP1801207A4 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-29 | METHOD FOR DETECTING INTRA-CELLULAR MICRONUCLEUS |
US11/729,529 US20070207452A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2007-03-29 | Method of detecting micronucleus in cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004288924A JP2006101705A (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-09-30 | 細胞内小核の検出方法 |
JP2004-288924 | 2004-09-30 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/729,529 Continuation US20070207452A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2007-03-29 | Method of detecting micronucleus in cell |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006035895A1 true WO2006035895A1 (ja) | 2006-04-06 |
Family
ID=36119041
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/018005 WO2006035895A1 (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-09-29 | 細胞内小核の検出方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070207452A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1801207A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2006101705A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006035895A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116737346A (zh) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 南京翼辉信息技术有限公司 | 一种大小核处理器调度配置系统及其实现方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001269195A (ja) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-02 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 細胞の画像解析方法,装置、及び記録媒体 |
US20030022224A1 (en) * | 2001-07-19 | 2003-01-30 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Method of detecting binding reaction between protein and test substance |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9706414D0 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1997-05-14 | Univ Manchester | Detection of DNA damage |
JP2003093096A (ja) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-02 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 被検物質のdnaに対する脱メチル化作用を評価する方法 |
JPWO2004031385A1 (ja) * | 2002-10-04 | 2006-02-02 | 麒麟麦酒株式会社 | ヒト人工染色体(hac)ベクター |
-
2004
- 2004-09-30 JP JP2004288924A patent/JP2006101705A/ja not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-09-29 WO PCT/JP2005/018005 patent/WO2006035895A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-09-29 EP EP05788187A patent/EP1801207A4/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-03-29 US US11/729,529 patent/US20070207452A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001269195A (ja) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-02 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 細胞の画像解析方法,装置、及び記録媒体 |
US20030022224A1 (en) * | 2001-07-19 | 2003-01-30 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Method of detecting binding reaction between protein and test substance |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
KIRSCH-VOLDERS M ET AL: "Report from the In Vitro Micronucleus Assay Working Group.", ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN., vol. 35, 2000, pages 167 - 172, XP002995274 * |
See also references of EP1801207A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116737346A (zh) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 南京翼辉信息技术有限公司 | 一种大小核处理器调度配置系统及其实现方法 |
CN116737346B (zh) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-10-24 | 南京翼辉信息技术有限公司 | 一种大小核处理器调度配置系统及其实现方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070207452A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
EP1801207A1 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
JP2006101705A (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
EP1801207A4 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
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