WO2006024442A1 - Dispositif de dilution et d'analyse d'un fluide a mesurer - Google Patents

Dispositif de dilution et d'analyse d'un fluide a mesurer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006024442A1
WO2006024442A1 PCT/EP2005/009146 EP2005009146W WO2006024442A1 WO 2006024442 A1 WO2006024442 A1 WO 2006024442A1 EP 2005009146 W EP2005009146 W EP 2005009146W WO 2006024442 A1 WO2006024442 A1 WO 2006024442A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring
channel
fluid
dilution
pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/009146
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Springmann
Knut Hoyer
Original Assignee
Testo Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Testo Ag filed Critical Testo Ag
Publication of WO2006024442A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006024442A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
    • G01N33/0018—Sample conditioning by diluting a gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for analyzing a measuring fluid, in particular a measuring gas.
  • the measuring fluid ge aims to dilute in order to still allow a measurement at too high a concentration of the component to be measured.
  • a measuring fluid is withdrawn and mixed in a measuring device with a dilution fluid to form a mixed fluid, which is then supplied to a sensor.
  • a dilution fluid it is essential that the dilution ratio be precisely determined. Then it is possible to calculate back from the actual measurement result to the concentration in the measurement fluid.
  • the dilution ratio can be determined, for example, by measuring an easily measured component of the measurement fluid in its concentration before and after the dilution. From the ratio of concentrations
  • the dilution ratio can be calculated.
  • DE 19643981 A1 proposes a solution for the dilution of the dilution ratio
  • measuring fluids which provides a temporally alternating Zu ⁇ management of the measurement fluid and a dilution fluid to a mixing chamber by a clocked changeover valve, wherein the temporal portion in which the dilution fluid is supplied in proportion to the time proportion in which the
  • the dilution ratio essen ⁇ sent determined. This duty cycle can then be controlled depending on the desired degree of dilution.
  • the dilution ratio can be calculated in each case from the An ⁇ control times for the respective supply of measuring fluid and 0 dilution fluid.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device to be used in a wide measuring range for the analysis of a fluid which requires as little equipment as possible and low pressures.
  • Essential for the invention is at least one flow resistance element, which is / are arranged in the first measuring channel and / or the diluting channel and which have a defined flow resistance such that in the first measuring channel and / or the diluting channel a constant fluid flow is given.
  • the mixing ratio can be set by installing the flow resistance elements with a defined flow resistance, with the respective fluid quantities being inversely proportional to the respective flow resistances given the same fluid pressures.
  • such flow resistances are located both in the first measuring channel and in the diluting channel. This eliminates a complicated control of a Um ⁇ switching valve with variable timing, such as in getak ⁇ ended mixers, which allows a cost-effective design.
  • the flow resistance elements are preferably realized by capillaries, for example with an inner diameter in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter.
  • other elements that produce flow resistance such as cross-sectional constrictions and so on, may be used.
  • the dilution ratio In order to be able to determine the dilution ratio even more precisely, it is helpful to know the delivery rates of the installed pumps as precisely as possible. Then the dilution ratio can be determined via the known flow resistances of the installed capillaries. The delivery rates were ⁇ thereby advantageously measured independently of the measurement operation.
  • the measuring pump during the measuring operation has the same flow rate as in the measurement of the flow rate independently of the measuring operation or that the power in the measuring operation can be determined at least from the measured during the Kalibrieryak Anlagen ⁇ performance.
  • the delivery rates of the two pumps can be correlated with one another and it is easy to adapt two pumps to one another. If both pumps operate on the same principle and are designed similarly, for example, as diaphragm pumps, then disturbing factors in the simultaneous operation of both pumps, act on the flow rates of both pumps in a similar manner, so that the dilution ratio is nevertheless sufficiently accurate predictable ,
  • the invention can be realized in that a differential pressure sensor is used as the device for measuring the delivery rate, which is pressurized by the metering pump and / or the dilution pump. bar is. From the pressure which can be built up by the respective pump in the differential pressure sensor, it is possible to calculate back to the delivery rate. Leakage or bypass channels also play a role here. If, for example, a bypass channel is opened during the measurement, then the flow rate of the respective pump can be read from the flow resistance of the bypass channel and the pressure building up on the differential pressure sensor or can be assigned in a corresponding characteristic curve.
  • the first measurement channel and the dilution channel may be connected together to a mixing chamber, which is also connected to a differential pressure sensor.
  • the metering pump or dilution pump can be tested, whereby the channel which is not assigned to the pump to be tested in each case acts as a bypass channel or additionally a further bypass channel is provided for the outflow of the fluid / gas.
  • the rate at which the pressure builds up on the differential pressure sensor indicates the delivery rate of the respective pump.
  • the ratio of the delivery rates can be assigned to the ratio of the two pressures built up. It is assumed that the ratio of these two delivery rates later in the measuring operation also corresponds to the quantitative ratio of the supplied fluids / gases and thus has an effect on the dilution ratio.
  • this can be used to set different dilution variants, in that the dilution channel is either connected to a branch measuring channel as described above or, on the other hand, the dilution channel already exists the branch point is connected to the measuring channel, so that the entire measuring fluid is diluted to the same extent.
  • connection between the dilution pump and the first measuring channel can be closed by a valve which optionally connects the dilution channel with the differential pressure sensor via a mixing chamber or a changeover valve.
  • a valve which optionally connects the dilution channel with the differential pressure sensor via a mixing chamber or a changeover valve.
  • the delivery rate of the dilution pump can be measured, and on the other hand, with simultaneous operation of the metering pump, the dilution fluid and the measurement fluid can be mixed with one another in the then known ratio and fed to the first measurement channel and the branch measurement channels.
  • the measuring channel can be connected to a first fluid connection of the differential pressure sensor and the dilution channel to a second fluid connection of the differential pressure sensor, wherein the differential pressure sensor can be designed so that it completely prevents the flow of a fluid.
  • the Thinning channel is connected in this case simultaneously with the first measuring channel downstream of the differential pressure sensor and in particular also downstream of the branch point of the first and further branch measuring channels.
  • the measuring pump and the dilution pump can alternatively be operated and the pressure generated in each case at the differential pressure sensor can be measured and associated with a delivery rate. If both pumps are operated simultaneously during operation, the measurement of the differential pressure during the measurement
  • the metering pump and the dilution pump are designed as diaphragm pumps. Especially if such pumps are used, but also generally, it may be advantageous to provide damping devices, such as damping chambers, for generating a uniform flow in the measuring channel or the dilution channel.
  • the mixing device can be designed as a mixing chamber, T-25 piece or Y-piece, preferably each with a small mixing volume.
  • FIG. 2 shows an analysis device, which likewise serves for the analysis of flue gas, with the possibility of dilution, but without a valve.
  • FIG. 1 shows a measuring channel, which is the first one first
  • the measuring channel can partially as
  • hose, tube or passage opening in a solid Kör ⁇ be formed by and is sealed to the outside except for the probe opening 2 formed as an inflow opening and the opening 8 on the exhaust.
  • branch point 4 branches off a Ab ⁇ branch channel 9, which has a further capillary 10 and sensors
  • the capillaries 5, 10 are arranged so that a geeig ⁇ netes ratio of flows in the first measuring channel 1 and the branch channel 9 is ensured.
  • the sensors 7, 11, 12 are typically designed as electrochemical, optical or other gas sensors, which have a special sensitivity for the respective gas component to be detected by them.
  • the NO sensor can also be used in the second
  • 10 measuring channel 18 may be arranged.
  • the typical mode of operation of the analysis device is the one that flue gas via the probe opening 2 by means of a Diaphragm pump 3 is sucked and passes partly into the first measuring channel 1, the remaining part in the branch channel 9.
  • the flue gas components of interest are analyzed by the sensors 7, 11, 12 and corresponding components with regard to the presence and the quantity or the percentage proportion are represented by means of a display device (not shown). If the measuring fluid pressure is sufficient, the measuring pump (3) can also be omitted.
  • the analysis device can be operated, for example, in neutral ambient air, in that the probe opening 2 is removed from a flue gas stream and positioned in normal ambient air while a measurement is being carried out.
  • the present analysis device also allows a calibration measurement, while the probe opening 2 is positioned in a flue gas stream, characterized in that a further Ein ⁇ flow opening 14 is provided, which is outside the Mess ⁇ area of the probe opening 2 in the fresh air area.
  • this inflow opening 14 can be arranged, for example, in the grip of the measuring device.
  • a gas reservoir with particularly pure reference gas, for example synthetic air to be connected to this inflow opening 14.
  • the three-way valve 15 is brought into a position in which the diaphragm pump (dilution pump) 16 from the inflow opening 14 allows the dilution gas to reach the mixing space 17 via the valve path 2/3. Is to the sample gas pump 3 is turned off, so that only the dilution gas enters the mixing device 17. From there, the dilution gas is pumped by the pressure of the dilution pump 16 into the first measuring channel 1 and the first branch measuring channel 9, where it reaches the sensors 7, 11, 12.
  • the measuring pump 3 and the dilution pump 16 are operated simultaneously during the measuring process.
  • the three-way valve 15 is brought into a state in which, when the dilution pump is switched on, the diluent gas can reach the mixing device 17 by way 2/3, where it is mixed with the measurement gas. whereupon the mixed gas reaches the branching point 4 and from there through the capillaries 5/10 to the respective sensors 7, 11, 12. In this way, it is ensured that in the measuring channel 1 and the branch measuring channel 9, a measuring gas with the same dilution ratio passes.
  • the three-way valve 15 can also be set so that the dilution gas can be passed from the inflow opening 14 directly to the mixing device 6 during the measuring process.
  • the measurement gas is diluted only in the first measurement channel 1, but that it is analyzed undiluted in the first branch measurement channel 9.
  • the dilution ratio is then determined in the mixing device by the ratio of the flow resistance of the capillary 5 and the flow resistance. mung resistance of the dilution channel 19 determined.
  • an additional capillary can also be provided there.
  • the three-way valve 15 could also be designed so that it allows the charging of the mixing devices 6, 17 at the same time in order to produce appropriate dilution ratios.
  • the channel 18 and the further dilution channel 19 ge be made.
  • the flow rates are determined by means of the characteristics of the measuring pump 3 and the dilution pump 16.
  • the measuring pump 3 generates a pressure in front of the mixing device 17, the knowledge of which is known in the known gas flow conditions, in particular of the capillaries 5, 10, the calculation of the
  • the pressure generated in the mixing device 17 is measured by means of a differential pressure sensor 20, whose one gas connection 21 is closed to the gas space 17, while the second gas connection 22 is subjected to atmospheric pressure.
  • the differential pressure sensor 20 is a differential pressure sensor 20, whose one gas connection 21 is closed to the gas space 17, while the second gas connection 22 is subjected to atmospheric pressure.
  • the measuring pump 3 is switched off and the dilution pump 16 is switched on, the three-way valve 15 releasing the connection from the dilution pump 16 to the channel 18 and closing the further dilution channel 19.
  • the pressure generated before the mixing device is measured by means of the differential pressure sensor 20, and from this the flow rate in the channel 18 is determined.
  • the differential pressure sensor 20 can likewise be operated in order to detect any pressure fluctuations upstream of the mixing device 17. These can arise, for example, as a result of changes in the throttle cable in the region of the probe opening 2.
  • the dilution pump 16 substantially maintains its capacity during operation, with any repercussions of both pumps on each other by increasing the pressure at the mixing device 17 at least not affecting the mixing ratio in a first approximation.
  • the system described also permits control measurements of the analyzer unit before the actual measuring operation, for example to check the tightness of the measuring channel.
  • the probe opening 2 is closed, the differential pressure sensor 20 is zeroed and then the measuring pump 3 is switched on. If the pressure in front of the mixing device 17 exceeds a threshold value, then this is a sign that the measuring channel 1 is leaking. The meter must be checked.
  • the performance of the dilution pump 16 can also be tested individually in order to prevent that For example, in the case of an aggressive measuring gas insufficiently diluted sample gas reaches the sensors.
  • the three-way valve can be switched so that the diluent gas passes directly from the dilution pump 16 to the second mixing device 6 and is mixed there with the sample gas.
  • the mixture ratio at the mixing device 6 must be calculated from the known flow conditions and the previously measured flow rates of the measuring pump 3 and the dilution pump 16.
  • a Gaswegschema is shown, which does not require a multi-way valve.
  • the same elements of the two Gasweg ⁇ schemes are provided with identical reference numerals.
  • the metering pump 16 is permanently connected via the capillary 24 to the second mixing device 6 and additionally to the second port 22 of the differential pressure sensor 20.
  • a connection to the first mixing chamber 17 does not exist in this variant of the dilution pump 16.
  • a condensate trap 23 may be arranged be in which, for example, moisture can be precipitated from the sample gas.
  • a condensate case is optio ⁇ nal and could for example be used in the apparatus of Figure 1.
  • the undiluted sample gas passes in the ratio of Kapillar ⁇ sizes through the capillaries 5, 10 and thus in the first measuring channel 1 and the first branch measuring channel 9.
  • other branch measuring channels can be provided
  • the undiluted sample gas passes into the second mixing device 6, into which dilution gas, for example fresh air, is introduced through the dilution pump 16 via the capillary 24.
  • dilution gas for example fresh air
  • the mixing device may be conventional mixing chambers, T-line pieces, Y-line pieces, etc., which preferably have a small mixing volume.
  • the flow generated by the dilution pump 16 through the capillary 24 can be determined. Since the distribution ratio of the measuring gas flow distributed by the measuring pump 3 to the capillaries 5, 10 is known, the absolute quantity of measuring gas flowing through the capillary 5 is known. The amount of diluent gas flowing through the capillary 24 is also known, so that from this the dilution ratio, which is established in the second mixing device 6 between the measurement gas and the dilution gas, can be calculated.
  • the differential pressure sensor 20 can also be operated, wherein it shows the differential pressure between the measurement gas pressure generated in the measurement channel 1 and the pressure of the dilution gas generated in the further dilution channel 19. Any fluctuations in the performance of the Pum ⁇ pen 3, 16 or in the pressure of the sample gas at the probe opening 2 can be determined and taken into account.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'analyse d'un fluide à mesurer comprenant un premier canal de mesure (1) destiné à l'alimentation d'un fluide à mesurer; un canal de dilution (19) destiné à l'alimentation d'un fluide de dilution ; un dispositif mélangeur (6) dont l'entrée est raccordée au premier canal de mesure (1) et au canal de dilution (19) ; un deuxième canal de mesure qui évacue un fluide à mesurer dilué du dispositif mélangeur et abrite un premier détecteur (7) destiné à la mesure d'un composant fluide à mesurer, et au moins un élément de résistance à l'écoulement (5, 10, 24) placé dans le premier canal de mesure (1) et/ou le canal de dilution (19) et ayant une résistance à l'écoulement définie. On obtient ainsi un dispositif d'analyse simple qui permet une analyse suffisamment précise par une dilution bien définie du gaz à mesurer pour une utilisation respectueuse des détecteurs.
PCT/EP2005/009146 2004-08-27 2005-08-24 Dispositif de dilution et d'analyse d'un fluide a mesurer WO2006024442A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200410041621 DE102004041621B4 (de) 2004-08-27 2004-08-27 Vorrichtung zur Analyse eines Messfluids
DE102004041621.4 2004-08-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006024442A1 true WO2006024442A1 (fr) 2006-03-09

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PCT/EP2005/009146 WO2006024442A1 (fr) 2004-08-27 2005-08-24 Dispositif de dilution et d'analyse d'un fluide a mesurer

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WO (1) WO2006024442A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202009000795U1 (de) 2009-01-22 2009-04-16 Dräger Safety MSI GmbH Vorrichtung zur Analyse eines Messfluides
DE102009023224A1 (de) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-02 Avl Emission Test Systems Gmbh Anordnung zur geregelten Zuführung und Förderung eines Gasgemisches in eine Analysekammer
CN105675810B (zh) * 2016-01-18 2017-10-20 南京博沃科技发展有限公司 一种锅炉水冷壁高温腐蚀气氛监测系统及高温腐蚀气氛的监测方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0096557A1 (fr) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-21 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Détermination de la concentration d'oxygène et de combustibles dans un gaz
US5358874A (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-10-25 Horiba, Ltd. Nitrogen oxide analyzer and method of measuring oxides of nitrogen
DE19643981A1 (de) * 1996-10-31 1998-05-07 Testo Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln der Konzentration eines Stoffes in einem gasförmigen Medium
US5756360A (en) * 1995-09-29 1998-05-26 Horiba Instruments Inc. Method and apparatus for providing diluted gas to exhaust emission analyzer
US20020101247A1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-01 Bacou Usa Safety, Inc. Monitoring system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4794806A (en) * 1987-02-13 1989-01-03 Nicoli David F Automatic dilution system
US5379650A (en) * 1992-09-23 1995-01-10 Korr Medical Technologies Inc. Differential pressure sensor for respiratory monitoring
US5329804A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-07-19 Abbott Laboratories Calibration system and method for calibrating a blood gas sensor
DE4407345A1 (de) * 1994-03-05 1995-09-07 Testo Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen eines Gasmediums mit einem chemischen Sensor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0096557A1 (fr) * 1982-06-04 1983-12-21 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Détermination de la concentration d'oxygène et de combustibles dans un gaz
US5358874A (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-10-25 Horiba, Ltd. Nitrogen oxide analyzer and method of measuring oxides of nitrogen
US5756360A (en) * 1995-09-29 1998-05-26 Horiba Instruments Inc. Method and apparatus for providing diluted gas to exhaust emission analyzer
DE19643981A1 (de) * 1996-10-31 1998-05-07 Testo Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln der Konzentration eines Stoffes in einem gasförmigen Medium
US20020101247A1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-01 Bacou Usa Safety, Inc. Monitoring system

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DE102004041621A1 (de) 2006-03-02
DE102004041621B4 (de) 2007-08-02

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