Classifications

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  • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
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  • G06F9/465—Distributed object oriented systems
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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  • G06F9/546—Message passing systems or structures, e.g. queues
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  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
  • G09B29/00—Maps; Plans; Charts; Diagrams, e.g. route diagram
  • G09B29/08—Hanging maps or the like
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  • H04H20/16—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution of identical information repeatedly
• • H—ELECTRICITY
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  • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
  • H04H20/86—Arrangements characterised by the broadcast information itself
  • H04H20/91—Arrangements characterised by the broadcast information itself broadcasting computer programmes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
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  • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
  • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
  • H04H60/09—Arrangements for device control with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time; Arrangements for control of broadcast-related services
  • H04H60/13—Arrangements for device control affected by the broadcast information
• • H—ELECTRICITY
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  • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
  • H04L69/06—Notations for structuring of protocol data, e.g. abstract syntax notation one [ASN.1]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
  • H04N21/235—Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
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  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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  • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
  • H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
  • H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
  • H04N21/4348—Demultiplexing of additional data and video streams
  • H04N21/4349—Demultiplexing of additional data and video streams by extracting from data carousels, e.g. extraction of software modules from a DVB carousel
• • H—ELECTRICITY
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  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
  • H04N21/435—Processing of additional data, e.g. decrypting of additional data, reconstructing software from modules extracted from the transport stream
• • H—ELECTRICITY
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  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
  • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
  • H04N21/435—Processing of additional data, e.g. decrypting of additional data, reconstructing software from modules extracted from the transport stream
  • H04N21/4351—Processing of additional data, e.g. decrypting of additional data, reconstructing software from modules extracted from the transport stream involving reassembling additional data, e.g. rebuilding an executable program from recovered modules
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
  • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
  • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
  • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
  • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
  • H04N21/64315—DVB-H
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
  • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
  • H04N21/81—Monomedia components thereof
  • H04N21/8166—Monomedia components thereof involving executable data, e.g. software
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
  • B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
  • B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
  • B60R2011/0026—Windows, e.g. windscreen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
  • B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
  • B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
  • B60R2011/0028—Ceiling, e.g. roof rails
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F9/00
  • G06F2209/54—Indexing scheme relating to G06F9/54
  • G06F2209/547—Messaging middleware

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an apparatus for and a method of signaling a transmission code set, and more particularly, to an apparatus for and a method of signaling a transmission code set for naming pathnames by using various languages in transferring data about a character encoding system of a pathname in an object carousel message.
• Digital broadcasting is an advanced broadcasting technology that performs bi ⁇ directional data transfer, and reproduction and storage of data differently from analog broadcasting.
• TV signals are compressed and broadcast as digital signals in which coded data signals are recorded. Since the number of signals than can be transferred via digital broadcasting is six times larger than in analog broadcasting, the resolution of signals in digital broadcasting is at least twice as high as in analog broadcasting.
• a digital radio signal can store a plurality of image and audio files, six to eight channels can be operated in the same bandwidth in digital broadcasting, in contrast to one channel in analog broadcasting.
• digital broadcasting has become a core technology of the information era, by which image and audio files can be compressed and transferred and various signals can be modulated by using computer-based communication technologies. Accordingly, a TV in digital broadcasting is transformed from a traditionally passive device into an active multimedia device.
• Data broadcasting the main element of digital broadcasting, is the continuous transfer of digital/multimedia broadcasting contents, in addition to image files, sound files, software applications, and streaming of data to an information processing apparatus, such as a PC, a digital set top box, and a personal portable terminal.
• Data broadcasting does not require a return path, and the information processing apparatus receives contents without requesting them.
• data broadcasting is a highly advanced technology combining broadcasting methods, communication methods, and the Internet to transfer bi-directional multimedia contents at a very high speed. Therefore, data broadcasting can solve the one way property and simplicity of con ⁇ ventional analog broadcasting and limitations concerning image quality, tone quality, and Internet capacity broadcasting.
• Examples of digital broadcasting systems include the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) system used in the U.S. and the Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial (DVB-T) system used in Europe as ground wave receiving systems, and the OpenCable system used in the U.S. and the DVB-Cable (DVB-C) system used in Europe as cable receiving systems.
• Examples of a middle ware technology for digital broadcasting include the DVB -Multimedia Home Platform (DVB-MHP), the OpenCable Application Platform (OCAP), and the Advanced Common Application Platform (ACAP).
• the DVB-MHP is a middle ware system for a European digital TV designed by the DVB project.
• the OCAP is a middle ware system for a digital cable television set top box and other digital devices adopted by cable companies in the U.S.
• the ACAP has been designed to unify the OCAP used in cable broadcasting and the Digital TV Application Software Environment (DASE) used in ground wave broadcasting. Disclosure of Invention
• the object carousel uses a Common Object Request Broker Ar ⁇ chitecture (CORBA) string defined in the C0RBA/II0P 2.1 specification, in order to exchange a pathname component, which is used to name data, directories, and files.
• CORBA Common Object Request Broker Ar ⁇ chitecture
• the object carousel uses the ISO 8859-1 (ISO Latin 1) standard for the encoding system. Accordingly, these middle ware technologies using the object carousel use the ISO 8859-1 standard for a basic encoding system for naming pathnames, files, and di ⁇ rectories.
• the DVB-MHP, the OCAP, and the ACAP support only Latin languages for the pathnames, and thus it is impossible to represent the pathnames by using another language.
• the present invention provides a method of and an apparatus for reporting in ⁇ formation about an encoding system to represent pathnames by using various languages in a system using an object carousel.
• a client using a transmission code set signaling method in a data broadcasting system using an object carousel comprising a system interface receiving a broadcasting stream broadcast by a server, a demultiplexer demultiplexing a packetized elementary stream (PES) packet corresponding to a program selected by a user from the broadcasting stream received by the system interface, an image decoder decoding the demultiplexed PES for images, a sound decoder decoding the demultiplexed PES for sound, and a central processing unit (CPU) fetching information about a transmission code set of a character string used in an object carousel message from the demultiplexed message PES and decoding the character string used in the object carousel message based on the fetched information about the transmission code set.
• PES packetized elementary stream
• a server using a transmission code set signaling method in a data broadcasting system using an object carousel comprising an image encoder encoding image data and generating an image bit stream, a sound encoder encoding sound data and generating a sound bit stream, a multiplexer multiplexing the image bit stream and the sound bit stream and generating a transmission stream, an RF signal process unit modulating the transmission stream into a signal to be output, and a CPU controlling the image encoder, the sound encoder, the multiplexer, and the RF signal process unit, generating an object carousel message to be loaded on the transmission stream, and generating a message including the information about the transmission code set of a character string used in the message.
• a method of signaling a transmission code set comprising receiving a message from a server, the message including information about a transmission code set of a character string used in an object carousel message, fetching the information about the transmission code set from the received message, and decoding the character string used in the object carousel message based on the information about the transmission code set.
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the concept of a DSM-CC model
• FIG. 2 illustrates a DVB service including an object carousel spectrum
• FIG. 3 illustrates the format of a BIOP message
• FIG. 4 illustrates the format of ServiceGatewayInfo() of a downloadServerlnitiate
• FIG. 5 illustrates the format of a BIOP: :Directory Message
• FIG. 6 illustrates the format of a BIOP::FileMessage
• FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a server according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a client according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method of signaling a transmission code set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Mode for Invention
• the digital storage media command and control (DSM-CC) standard is a set of protocols providing control functions and operations for managing MPEG-I and MPEG-2 bit streams to transmit multimedia broadband services.
• the concept of the object carousel has been defined in the DSM-CC standard and reflected in a DVB specification, and then has been adopted by DVB-MHP, OCAP, and ACAP as middle ware specification for digital broadcasting.
• FIG. 1 illustrates the concept of a DSM-CC model.
• a network 130 denotes a set of communication elements that provides connections between users.
• a connection 136 for carrying user-to-network (U-N) data and a connection 134 for carrying user-to-user (U-U) data are shown.
• U-U information flow is used between a client and a server, and U-N information flow is used between a network and a client or between a network and a server.
• the DSM-CC defines a logic entity, which is referred to as a session and resource manager (SRM).
• SRM session and resource manager
• a DVB system provides the transmission of MPEG-2 transport streams (TS) through various transmission media by adopting the U-U connection from the DSM- CC specifications.
• the MPEG-2 TS includes an MPEG-2 video and an MPEG-2 audio.
• Data broadcasting is regarded as a major expansion of the MPEG-2 based DVB transmission standard. Examples of data broadcasting include software download via satellites, cables, or ground links, the transmission of Internet services through broadcast channels, and interactive TV. Data information may be transmitted while being included in the MPEG-2 TS. Examples of a method of transmitting data in- formation include data piping, data streaming, multi-protocol encapsulation, data carousel, and object carousel.
• FIG. 2 illustrates a DVB service using an object carousel.
• the object carousel defined by DSM-CC is a data structure supporting the transmission of object groups from a broadcasting server using a directory object, a file object, and a stream object to a broadcasting receiver.
• real directories and contents are located in the server.
• the object carousel specification supports a data broadcasting service, which demands a periodical broadcasting of a DSM-CC U-U object through a DVB compatible broadcast network.
• the server repeatedly inserts the objects to the DVB compatible MPEG-2 TS according to the object carousel protocol.
• Transmitted directories 210 and files 220 include the contents of the objects, and transmitted streams 230 are references for other streams of the broadcasting.
• the streams 230 may include information about DSM-CC events that are broadcast in a specific stream.
• the DSM-CC events may be broadcast with ordinary stream data and be used for triggering DSM-CC applications.
• a plurality of clients disguise the objects on the server as object implementations of clients by reading repeatedly transmitted carousel data, and thus the clients may recover the object imple ⁇ mentations.
• the objects of the carousel provide to the clients a method of accessing ap ⁇ plications and contents, which are used by the applications, as if the clients are connected to the server.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a BIOP message format.
• the BIOP message is formed of a message header 312, a message division header 314, and a message body 316.
• the message header 312 provides information about a BIOP protocol version and a BIOP message length.
• the message division header 314 includes information about transmitted objects, for example, object types, such as files, streams, and directories, and object key.
• the message body 316 includes data of the U-U object.
• the BIOP message is broadcast in a data carousel module 320.
• one module 320 is formed of more than one connected BIOP message.
• Each object in one module 320 is identified by using an object key.
• each module is divided into more than one block.
• the blocks are transmitted as a DownloadDataBlock (DDB) 330.
• DDB message is se ⁇ quentially transmitted as a type of an MPEG-2 section 340.
• the block may be obtained directly from TS by using the hardware filter of a demultiplexer. In order to obtain one object from a broadcast network, every module including the object should be obtained.
• the transmission parameters of a module for example, a module version, a module size, a block size, timing, and a broadcast channel. Since the parameters are transmitted as a Downloadlnfolndication (DII) mes sage, the DII message should be obtained prior to the module.
• DII Downloadlnfolndication
• the process of obtaining an object from a broadcast network includes obtaining a DII message and modules.
• the DSI message includes information about groups included in a super group.
• a super group is formed of more than one group, and a group is formed of more than one module.
• FIG. 4 illustrates a ServiceGatewaylnfo structure grammar.
• An object carousel represents a specific service domain, which is a set of DSM-CC
• the service domain includes a service gateway, which provides a graph of a service name and an object name to a receiver.
• a client obtains an Inter Operable Reference (IOR) 410, which represents the location of an object, from the ServiceGatewaylnfo.
• the IOR 410 included in the Ser ⁇ viceGatewaylnfo comprises the location information of a route object of an object graph in a ServiceGateway, in other words, one service domain. Since modules including a route object should be obtained to determine the route object of one service domain, a route object (BIOP: :Directory Message) is obtained by sequentially obtaining a DII message and a DDB message.
• DII Inter Operable Reference
• FIG. 5 illustrates the type of a DIOP: :Directory Message.
• the BIOP::DirectoryMessage includes the location, the name, and the attribute of an object, which is included in a route object.
• An IOR field 510 includes the location information of the object, and an id_data-byte field 520 includes the name information of the object.
• An objectKind_data field 540 includes a value for discriminating the type of messages, and the BIOP: :Directory Message has 'dir' according to the value.
• BIOP::ServiceGateway message when the value of the objectKind_data field 540 is 'srg', the message becomes a BIOP::ServiceGateway message having the information of an object included in the route object. Accordingly, the BIOP::ServiceGateway message has the same format as the BIOP: :Directory Message, except for the value of the objectKind_data field 540.
• a serviceContextList_data_byte field 530 of the BIOP::ServiceGateway message may include a CORBA General Inter ORB Protocol (GIOP) code set context structure including information about a transmission code set of a CORBA string.
• GIOP General Inter ORB Protocol
• FIG. 6 illustrates the type of a BIOP: :FileMessage.
• FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a server 700 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
• the server 700 includes an image encoder 710 and a sound encoder 720 for encoding data, a multiplexer 730, an RF signal process unit 740, a transmission stream output unit 750, and a CPU 760.
• the image encoder 710 encodes image data and generates image bit streams which are provided to the multiplexer 730.
• the sound encoder 720 encodes sound data and generates sound bit streams which are provided to the multiplexer 730.
• the multiplexer 730 multiplexes the bit streams encoded in the image encoder 710 and the sound encoder 720 and generates one or more transmission streams which are provided to the RF signal process unit 740.
• the signal process unit 740 modulates the transmission streams into a signal, which can be output, and provides the signal to the transmission stream output unit 750.
• the transmission stream output unit 750 transmits the transmission streams.
• the CPU 760 controls the operations of each unit and generates object carousel messages, such as a DSI message, a DII message, and a DDB message to be loaded on the transmission streams.
• object carousel messages such as a DSI message, a DII message, and a DDB message to be loaded on the transmission streams.
• the CPU 760 When using a transmission code set other than ISO 8859-1 in an object message, the CPU 760 generates a BIOP::ServiceGateway message including the information about a transmission code set.
• the transmission of a character string in an object carousel follows the CORBA string, which is defined in the CORBA/IIOP 2.1 specification. Based on the CORBA/ HOP 2.1 specification, when the information about the transmission code is not explained, the CORBA string follows the ISO 8859-1 (SIO Latin 1) standard. Ac ⁇ cordingly, the DVB-MHP, OCAP, and ACAP using the object carousel uses the ISO 8859-1 standard as a basic transmission code set for the file names and the directory names. Thus, it is required to transmit the information about the used transmission code set in order to use another transmission code set, for example, the UTF-8 transmission code set, in the CORBA string.
• a character encoding rule applied to a specific CORBA string instance is determined based on the following parameters as to whether a string instance is a narrow string or a wide string: the value of a Narrow Char Transmission Code Set (TCS-C), and the value of a Wide Char Transmission Code Set (TCS-W).
• TCS-C Narrow Char Transmission Code Set
• TCS-W Wide Char Transmission Code Set
• the GIOP Code Set Service Context structure of the CORB A/IIOP 2.1 specification may be sel ectively inserted to a serviceContextList_data_byte field 530 of the BIOP::ServiceGateway message of the object carousel in order to report the in ⁇ formation about the CORBA string transmission code set of the object carousel to a client.
• the TCS-C value when using a transmission code set other than the ISO 8859-1 standard, for example, the UTR-8 transmission code set, for the CORBA string, the TCS-C value may be set as the UTF-8 transmission code set, and the TCS-W value may be set by inserting the undefined GIOP Code Set Service Context structure to the serviceContextList_data_byte field 530 of the BIOP::ServiceGateway message.
• the CORBA strings of the object carousel message may be interpreted based on the definition of the CORBA in the narrow string.
• FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a client according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
• a set topbox 800 includes a system interface 810, a demultiplexer 820, an image decoder 830 and a sound decoder 840 as a decoding unit, a CPU 880, a memory 850, an image output unit 860, and a sound output unit 870.
• the system interface 810 receives image/sound signals that are transformed into low frequency signals and modulates the received signals into image/sound signals to be emitted to a TV. In addition, the system interface 810 generates a transmission stream by descrambling the modulated image/sound signals and transmits the transmission stream to the demultiplexer 820.
• the demultiplexer 820 selects by using a filter a packetized elementary stream (PES) packet corresponding to a program selected by a user from the transmission stream in which a plurality of PESs are multiplexed.
• PES packetized elementary stream
• the image decoder 830 and the sound decoder 840 decode the PES selected by the demultiplexer 820 to transform the decoded PES into a type of stream to be emitted.
• the image decoder 830 and the sound decoder 840 output data broadcasting through the image output unit 86 and the sound output unit 870.
• the memory 850 stores the PES selected by the demultiplexer 820, the decoded image signal, or the decoded sound signal.
• the CPU 880 controls the operations of each unit of the set topbox 800 and interprets the object carousel messages, for example, the DSI message, the DII message, and the DBB message, transmitted from a server.
• the CPU 880 fetches the information about the transmission code set of the character string used in the object carousel message from the received BIOP::ServiceGateway message to decode the character string in the message by using a decoder corresponding to the transmission code set.
• Each unit shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 may be realized in a hardware manner or a software manner.
• FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method of sharing information about a transmission code set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
• a server transmits the GIOP code set service context including the information about the transmission code set of the CORBA string used in an object carousel message by inserting the GIOP code set service context in a service - ContextList_data_byte field 530 of the GIOP::ServiceGateway message, and a client receives the BIOP::SerivceGateway message in operation S920.
• a CPU 880 of the client fetches the GIOP code set service context from the BIOP::ServiceGateway message to fetch the information about the transmission code set.
• the CPU 880 of the client decodes pathnames included in the message by using a proper character decoder according to the fetched transmission code set information.
• signaling a transmission code set for naming pathnames is allowed by using various languages in transferring data about a character encoding system of a pathname in an object carousel message.

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• Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
• Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
• Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
• Television Systems (AREA)

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• 2004
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• 2010
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