WO2006022431A1 - 有機-無機複合体および高分子複合材料ならびにその製造方法 - Google Patents
有機-無機複合体および高分子複合材料ならびにその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
- C09C1/42—Clays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/44—Products obtained from layered base-exchange silicates by ion-exchange with organic compounds such as ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium compounds or by intercalation of organic compounds, e.g. organoclay material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/005—Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
- C09C1/405—Compounds of aluminium containing combined silica, e.g. mica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/251—Mica
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic-inorganic composite in which an organic cation is inserted between layers of a highly crystalline non-swellable layered silicate having ⁇ ions between the layers, and a high-molecular composite material containing the organic-inorganic composite, and its It relates to a manufacturing method.
- This swollen fluorine power is higher in crystallinity than smect tie and has a large particle shape, but it is a microcrystal compared to the naturally occurring non-swellable mica (my power) mineral. Even if a smectite-based swellable layered silicate is compounded as it is with a polymer material, its hydrophilicity reduces the dispersibility of the polymer into a hydrophobic polymer, so that the reinforcing effect of the compounding is not fully exhibited.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 Various systems such as compounds, heteroaromatic cations and swellable layered silicate complexes (Patent Documents 1 and 2), alkylamine and swellable fluorinated mica complexes (Patent Document 3) have been reported.
- Patent Document 4 a method of adding organic clay to any stage of polyamide molded product production (Patent Document 4), a polyamide composition in which a cation-exchange layered silicate is ion-bonded, and a method for producing the same (Patent Documents 5 and 6), and a polyamide composition and a thermoplastic resin composition using an organically treated swellable fluorinated force (Patent Documents 7 and 8) and methods for producing them have been proposed.
- Non-Patent Document 2 mica clay minerals and mica minerals whose interlayer ions are K ions are non-swelling and non-ion exchangeable. It is generally recognized that This non-swelling property is attributed to the electrostatic cross-linking effect of K ions trapped in the oxygen six-membered ring on the surface of two sheets (for example, Non-Patent Document 2). References;
- Non-Patent Document 1 MacEwan, DMC, and Wilson, MJ, Interlayer and Intercalation Comlexes of Clay Minerals, In "Crystal Structure of Clay Minerals and their X-ray identification Brindley GW, Brown, G editors, London: Mineralogical Society, ( 1980) 197-248
- Non-Patent Document 2 H. van Olphen, Chap. 5 Clay Mineralogy, III. ILLITE (NONEXPANDIND 2: 1 LAYER CLAYS), In "An Introduction to Clay Colloid
- Patent Literature 1 JP-A 63-242915 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-74526) Patent Document 2; JP-A-8-337414
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-223218 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-27282
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51-109998
- Patent Document 6 JP-A 62-74957
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-134205
- Patent Document 8 JP 2000-053805 A Disclosure of the Invention
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 there are some descriptions of such non-swellable mica clay minerals and organication of mica minerals, but there is no specific example, and the present inventors have made Also in research, it was impossible to ion-exchange positively charged organic compounds as well as metal ions such as Na and Li using conventional methods.
- layered silicates When applying layered silicates to nanocomposites, it is believed that a high aspect ratio when dispersed in a polymer matrix is the key to dramatically improving material properties.
- layered silicates with large crystal particles with a primary particle size of 10 microns or more have a high charge density due to the non-exchangeable force of the interlayer ion from the viewpoint of natural production status and synthetic experiments. Most are non-swelling to water. Therefore, it is considered impossible to disperse and disperse (thinning) in a polymer matrix, and even to insert organic molecules between layers. It was considered a trade-off relationship. Therefore, there is almost no research on polymer-clay nanocomposites using highly crystalline layered silicates.
- the present invention has been made in order to newly develop the polymer-clay nanocomposite technology in view of such circumstances, and is an organic-inorganic composite obtained by organizing a highly crystalline non-swellable layered silicate. This makes it possible to produce a polymer composite material in which the layered silicate is peeled and dispersed in a polymer matrix. Means for solving the problem
- the present inventors have replaced the interlayer K ions of the highly crystalline non-swelled layered silicate with a My force composition under certain conditions with any positively charged organic compound.
- the present inventors have found that an organic monoinorganic composite can be formed, and have completed the present invention that enables production of a polymer composite material in which the layered silicate is peeled and dispersed. That is, the present invention has been solved by adopting the configurations shown in the following [1] to [11].
- the general formula is expressed by the following formula, and the average primary particle size is 2 / AII!
- An organic-inorganic composite obtained by intercalating a positively-charged organic compound on a layered silicate having a strength of ⁇ 500 m and an interlayer ion of K.
- M an alien a cation other than K in the interlayer L i, Na, Rb, C s, NH 4, be, Mg, Ca, S r, Ba, Mn, Fe, N i, Cu, Zn, At least one of A 1, X and Y, is a metal that enters the octahedron formed in the 2: 1 type sheet, where X is Mg, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, At least one of Li, Y is at least one of Al, Fe, ⁇ , and Cr.
- An organic-inorganic composite characterized in that the layered silicate according to [1] is a mica clay mineral represented by the following general formula.
- M is a cation derconnection except K in the interlayer, L i, Na, Rb, Cs, NH 4, Be, Mg, Ca, S r, Ba, Mn, Fe, N i, Cu, Zn, of a 1 At least one of them, X and Y, is a metal that enters the octahedron formed in the 2: 1 type sheet, and X is Mg, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Li At least one of them, Y is at least one of Al, Fe, ⁇ , and Cr.
- the positively charged organic compound is a primary to tertiary amine salt, quaternary ammonium salt, or amino acid salt having 8 or more carbon atoms, [1] to [2] Organic-inorganic composite.
- Kion of the interlayer ion of the layered silicate is ion-exchanged with a positively charged organic compound, and the positively charged organic compound is 0.6 to 5 equivalents to the cation exchange capacity of the layered silicate in the organic-inorganic composite.
- the organic-inorganic composite according to any one of [1] to [3], which is contained.
- a polymer composite material comprising the organic-inorganic composite according to any one of [1] to [4] in an amount of 0.1 to 40% by mass in the polymer material.
- the positively charged organic compound (a) is brought into contact with the organic-inorganic composite (A), and the positively charged organic compound (a) is converted into the positively charged organic compound (b).
- a process for producing an organic / inorganic composite comprising the step (II) of forming a substituted organic / inorganic composite (B).
- the positively charged organic compound) used in the step (I) in the production process of the organic monoinorganic complex (B) is a primary to tertiary amine salt having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, [8] The method for producing an organic / inorganic composite according to [8], wherein the organic / inorganic composite is at least one selected from ammonium salts.
- the organic-inorganic composite according to any one of [1] to [4] is characterized by adding 0.1 to 40% by mass as a filler in a polymer material [5 j or [ [6] The method for producing a polymer composite material according to [6].
- the invention's effect is characterized by adding 0.1 to 40% by mass as a filler in a polymer material [5 j or [ [6] The method for producing a polymer composite material according to [6].
- the present invention it has been conventionally considered that it is impossible to exfoliate and disperse (thin) in a polymer matrix, and it is impossible to even insert organic molecules between layers.
- An organic-inorganic composite using silicate was realized.
- the layered silicate particles used in the present invention have a larger aspect ratio than the original 'particles', such as synthetic fluorinated particles, and they are used as a filler for molding. Therefore, the smectite-based nanocomposite has a much larger aspect ratio than that obtained when the synthetic fluorine composite is used as a filler, and a large reinforcing effect can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 TEM image of the organic sericite-epoxy composite material obtained in Example 5.
- Figure 2 Organic sericin obtained in Example 6! T E M image of polyamide 6 composite.
- Figure 5 TEM image of the organic synthetic fluoromica polyamide 6 composite material obtained in Comparative Example 3. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the general formula of the present invention is represented by the following formula, and the average particle size of the primary particles is 2 / ⁇ !
- An organic-inorganic composite comprising a layered silicate having a strength of ⁇ 500 m and an interlayer ion of K, and a positively charged organic compound, and a layered silicate. The one that satisfies the following formula is used.
- 0. 6 ⁇ a ⁇ l. 0, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0. 1, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 2, 2 ⁇ c + d ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ e ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ f ⁇ 2 and M is a cation other than K between the layers.
- L i, Na, Rb at least one of C s, NH 4, B e , Mg, C a, S r, Ba, Mn, F e, N i, Cu, Zn, A 1,
- X And Y is a metal that enters the octahedron formed in the 2: 1 type sheet, and X is at least one of Mg, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Li, Y is at least one of A1, Fe, ⁇ , and Cr.
- a mica clay mineral of 0.6 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.9 shown by the following formula is preferably used.
- M is between the layers other than K cation derconnection of, L i, Na, Rb, C s, NH 4, B e, Mg, C a, S r, B a, Mn, Fe, N i, Cu, Zn, at least one of a 1
- X and Y are metals that enter the octahedron formed in the 2: 1 type sheet, where X is one of Mg, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Li At least one, Y is at least one of Al, Fe, ⁇ ⁇ , and Cr.
- the layered silicates defined in the above composition formula within the range of 0.6 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.0 are specifically mica (my force) such as muscovite, phlogopite, biotite, brittle mica, etc.
- examples are vermiculites such as 2-octahedron-type bimylites and 3-octahedral-type birmitylites, which are altered minerals.
- specific examples of mica clay minerals defined in the above composition formula in the range of 0.6 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.9 are illite, sericite, glaucite, and ceradonite.
- the non-swellable layered silicate used in the present invention has an average primary particle size of 2! ⁇ 500 m stuff applies, 2 il!
- the range of ⁇ 200 / zm is more preferred. Due to its large particle size, the aspect ratio becomes extremely large by swelling in the polymer matrix and reducing the number of laminations, resulting in an extremely large aspect ratio. Has the effect of dramatically improving the heat resistance, rigidity, and barrier properties of the steel. When the average particle diameter exceeds 5 OO m, it becomes difficult to deposit positively charged organic compounds between the layers.
- a sedimentation type particle size measurement method in a solvent such as water, a light scattering method, a method of directly observing the particle with a microscope, etc., and the like can be applied.
- the layered silicate is a plate-like crystal
- the a and b axis directions of the crystal are directly observed with a transmission electron microscope and a scanning electron microscope rather than the sedimentation-type particle size measurement method and light scattering method, which are obtained by spherical conversion.
- a method for obtaining the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis from the projected two-dimensional image is preferable, and this method is also used in the present invention.
- the amount of ions in the interlayer is substituted between the layers so as to charge balance with the negative charge of the silicate sheet, and can be expressed by the coefficient a in the chemical formula, the number of charges per half unit cell (charge density). I can do it.
- the range of 0.6 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.0 is applied, and the higher the charge density, the stronger the attractive force between the laminated sheets. Therefore, 0.6 ⁇ a 0.9 is more preferable. . If the charge density is less than 0.6, the particle diameter tends to be small because it becomes a smectite region, and if it is greater than 1.0, the attractive force between the laminated sheets becomes too strong, and the layers are replaced with organic substances. It becomes difficult.
- the method for measuring the amount of interlaminar ions in non-swellable layered silicates is the cation exchange capacity (CEC) measurement method applied to swellable clay minerals: column permeation method (see: “Soil Handpook” 2nd edition The Japan Clay Society ed.
- CEC cation exchange capacity
- the positively charged organic compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited to its kind, but preferred examples include primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines and their chlorides having a carbon number of 8 or more, and quaternary ammonia. Examples thereof include salts, amine compounds, amino acid derivatives, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, and phosphonium salts.
- primary amines represented by octylamine, laurylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine, acrylamine, benzylamine, aniline, etc .; dilaurylamine, ditetradecylamine, dihexadecylamine, distearyl Secondary amines typified by amine, N-methylaniline, etc .: dimethyloctylamine, dimethyldecylamine, dimethylmethyllaurylamine, dimethylmyristylamine, dimethylpalmitylamine, dimethylstearylamine, dilaurylmonomethyl Tertiary amines represented by amine, triptylamin, trioctylamine, N, N-dimethylaniline, etc .; tetraptylammonium ion, tetrahexylammonium ion, dihexyl Methyl am
- the amount of negatively charged organic compound in the organic-inorganic composite of the present invention is preferably 0.6 to 5 equivalents relative to the amount of interlayer cation on the layered silicate, particularly 0.8 to 2. 0 equivalent is most preferred.
- the positively charged organic compound content mentioned here is not only for positively charged organic compounds that are ion-exchanged with the K ions between the layers, but is positively physically adsorbed on the surface of the organic-inorganic composite. Charged organic compounds are included and are the total amount of organic substances estimated from thermogravimetry. If the amount of the organic compound in the organic-inorganic composite is less than 0.6 equivalent to the amount of interlayer cation, the dispersibility of the organic-inorganic composite in the polymer material may be impaired.
- the concentration of the positively charged organic compound solution is not less than 0.1 N, and the solid-liquid ratio of the non-swellable layered silicate / positively charged organic compound solution is 0.1 (Mass ratio) It is characterized by the following. If the concentration is less than 0.1 N, a sufficient ion exchange reaction cannot be induced, and even if it is treated for a long time, it is only exchanged for force ions between some layers. Cannot be used for other fillers. The concentration of the positively charged organic compound solution can be up to the limit concentration obtained as a solution.
- the ion exchange reaction in which a positively charged organic compound is allowed to rate between layers of a non-swellable layered silicate, is obtained by adding the layered silicate powder to a concentrated solution of the positively charged organic compound and heat-treating it.
- the treatment temperature at this time is preferably in the range of 40 to 200.
- the positively charged organic compound used in the first processing step is a primary to tertiary amine salt having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
- a quaternary ammonium salt is preferred.
- the carbon number is in the range of 10 to 14. If the carbon number is less than 8, it cannot be inserted between the layers of the layered silicate. If the carbon number exceeds 18, the positively charged organic compound is firmly fixed between the layers, facilitating the second-stage ion exchange reaction. I can't make it progress.
- the positively charged organic compound used in the second step which is different from the positively charged organic compound used in the first treatment step, is not particularly limited, but has a molecular weight higher than that of the positively charged organic compound used in the first treatment step. Larger and more polar ones allow easier ion exchange. Further, even if the molecular weight is smaller than that of the positively charged organic compound used in the first treatment step and the polarity is low, ion exchange can be performed by treating a high concentration solution under high temperature conditions.
- the organic monoinorganic composite of the present invention is used as a filler for a polymer composite material dispersed in a polymer material.
- the content of the organic-inorganic complex in the polymer material is 0.1 to 40% by mass, preferably 1.0 to 10% by mass.
- the polymer composite material of the present invention is characterized in that an organic mono-inorganic composite is expanded and dispersed in a polymer matrix at an interval of 3.0 nm or more. Yes. More preferably, it is in a state where it is expanded and dispersed at a layer interval of 6.0 nm or more. If the interlayer distance is less than 3.0 nm, a good dispersion state cannot be obtained, so that the effect of improving the mechanical properties and barrier properties of the material is insufficient.
- thermosetting polymer material examples include a thermosetting polymer material, an energy beam curable polymer material, a thermoplastic polymer material, and the like.
- the thermosetting polymer material used in the present invention is a so-called thermosetting resin, and specifically includes a urethane resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a silicone resin, a melamine derivative (for example, Oxamethoxy melamine, hexatoxylated melamine, condensed hexamethoxy melamine, etc.), urea compound (eg, dimethylolurea, etc.), bisphenol A-based compound (eg, tetramethylol'bisphenol A, etc.), oxazoline compound, oxetane Compounds and the like.
- thermosetting resins can be used alone or in combination. You can. These thermosetting polymer materials include oligomers before hardening. That is, the thermosetting polymer material of the present invention is a generic term for materials before and after curing. An epoxy resin is preferred as the thermosetting polymer material of the present invention.
- epoxy lumber examples include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, brominated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, nopolac type epoxy resin, phenol Nopolac type epoxy resin, Cresolol nopolac type epoxy resin, N-glycidyl type epoxy resin, Bisphenol A novolak type epoxy resin, Chelate type epoxy resin, Darioxal type epoxy resin, Amino group-containing epoxy resin, Rubber modified epoxy Examples thereof include epoxy compounds having one or more epoxy groups in one molecule such as resin, dicyclopentadiene phenolic epoxy resin, silicone-modified epoxy resin, and ⁇ -strength prolactone-modified epoxy resin.
- a main agent containing an uncured oligomer component such as epoxy resin, urethane resin (including urethane rubber) or silicone resin
- a curing agent containing a component for curing the uncured oligomer component It is also possible to form a two-component mixed casting polymer material, adhesive or paint as the polymer composite material of the present invention.
- the organic monoinorganic composite can be blended into at least one of the main agent and the curing agent to mix the main agent and the curing agent to obtain the polymer composite material of the present invention after the heat curing treatment. .
- the main agent is, for example, an bisphenol-based uncured epoxy resin component blended with an organic-inorganic composite and, if necessary, another filler, a colorant such as a pigment or a dye or a dispersant, The viscosity is adjusted with an appropriate solvent.
- the curing agent is obtained by dissolving or dispersing a curing component such as an amine or an isocyanate or an acid anhydride in a solvent.
- both agents are mixed at a predetermined ratio, and treatment according to the purpose is performed within the pot life time of the mixed composition. That is, when the mixed composition is used as a casting resin material, it is cast into a mold and cured to obtain a polymer composite material molded body having an intended shape.
- the energy ray-curable polymer material of the present invention is a polymer material that is cured by active energy rays such as visible light, ultraviolet ray, electron beam, gamma ray, X-ray, and the like in a photosensitive prepolymer state before curing and after curing. This is a general term for the polymer materials.
- the photosensitive polymer used in the present invention those having an ethylenically unsaturated terminal group derived from an acrylic monomer are preferable.
- the acrylic monomer here is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid (hereinafter referred to as “(meth) acrylic acid” together with acrylic acid and methacrylic acid) or their alkyl esters, hydroxyalkyl esters, etc. Is a derivative.
- photosensitive precursors include polyester (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, polybutadiene (metha) acrylate, silicone (meth) acrylate, melamine ( ⁇ even) acrylate.
- epoxy (meth) acrylate and urethane (metha) acrylate are preferable.
- these energy ray-curable polymer materials are often used in combination with a photopolymerization initiator.
- photopolymerization initiators include benzophenone, benzoylbenzoic acid, 4-phenenylbenzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, 4,4'-bis (jetylamino) benzophenones such as benzophenone, benzoin, benzoin ether, benzoin isopropyl ether Benzoin alkyl ethers such as benzoin butyl ether and benzoin butyl ether, 4-phenoxydichloroacetophenone, 4-tertbutyl dichloroacetophenone, 4-t _ tert-butyl chloroacetophenone, jetoxy Acetofenone, 2-Benzyl-1, 2-dimethylamino-11 (4-morpholinophenyl) Acetofenones such as
- thermosetting polymer material such as epoxy resin, urethane resin (including urethane rubber) or silicone resin. It is also possible to configure a mixed casting polymer material as the polymer composite material of the present invention. In this case, the organic / inorganic composite is mixed with at least one of the energy ray-curable polymer material and the thermosetting polymer material, and the organic / inorganic composite is good after the final curing treatment. A polymer composite material dispersed in is obtained.
- thermoplastic polymer material used in the present invention examples include high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene monohexene copolymer.
- Polymer Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, Ethylene monomethacrylate copolymer, Polyolefin resin such as ionomer mono resin, polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile monobutadiene copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, styrene Styrene such as ethylene-butene terpolymer, acrylonitrile resin, halogen-containing resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polycarbonate, polyacetal, polyamide 6, polya 6 6, Polyamide 1 1, Polyamide 1 2, Polyamide resins such as aromatic polyamide, polymethacrylimide, and their copolymers, Polyethylene terephthalate, Polybutylene terephthalate, Polyethylene naphthalate, Aliphatic polyester Polyesters such as tellurium, aromatic polyester, polyphen
- the above-described components can be mixed and then melt-kneaded.
- a known kneading method such as a Banbury mixer, a brabender, a kneader, a roll, a single-screw or multi-screw extruder and a kneader.
- an uncured polymer composite material that has been diluted with a solvent or the like and whose viscosity at room temperature has been lowered to an ink state, it can also be produced by a known kneading method such as a three-roll or bead mill. .
- melt-kneading the organic monoinorganic composite of the present invention with a thermoplastic polymer it is preferable to melt-knead after mixing the above-mentioned components, for example, Banbury Mixer, Brabender, Knee, It can be produced by melt-kneading using a known kneading method such as a roll, a single-screw or multi-screw extruder and a kneader.
- a known kneading method such as a roll, a single-screw or multi-screw extruder and a kneader.
- Samples of natural illite include sericite from Yodogawa, Shimane (Z—20, Yodogawa Industries Co., Ltd.) was used.
- Scanning electron microscope [manufactured by JEOL Ltd.] J SM The average particle size obtained from the long and short diameters of the projected two-dimensional image of the plate crystal at 15 kV using 5800 LV was 10.5 wm. It was.
- a mixture of Z-20 (0.5 g) and lithium tetraborate (5.0 g) was glass beaded at 1100 with a bead sampler (NT-2000, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.).
- X-ray fluorescence Quantitative analysis was performed by analysis (X—RAY S PECTROMETER 3270, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation). As a result, the chemical composition of this sample is
- a 0.1 M solution was prepared by dissolving dodecylamine hydrochloride (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as a positively charged organic compound in pure water. Add 3 g of sericite (Z-20 graded product) to 1 L of this dodecylamine hydrochloride aqueous solution, stir, heat-treat at 70 for 4 days, repeat filtration and washing, dry, and organic-inorganic composite Body 1 was prepared. As a result of XRD measurement of the obtained sample, the interlayer distance of sericite was spread to 2.3 nm.
- Example 2 Example 2;
- An organic-inorganic composite 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that octadecylamine hydrochloride (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as the positively charged organic compound. As a result of XRD measurement of the obtained sample, the interlayer distance of sericite spread to 3.4 nm.
- Example 3
- Synthetic fluorine phlogopite (PDM-5B, manufactured by Toby Industries Co., Ltd.) 3 g as a layered silicate was added to 1 L of a 0.1 M solution of dodecylamine hydrochloride (Tokyo Kasei Co., Ltd.) After heat treatment for 5 days, filtration * washing was repeated and dried to prepare an organic-inorganic composite 4. As a result of XRD measurement of the obtained sample, the interlayer distance of the synthetic fluorine phlogopite was 2. Extended to 3 nm Example 5;
- Organo-inorganic composite 1 prepared in Example 1 was applied to bisphenol A type epoxy resin Epicoto 828, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., and a three-roll mill (DR-35, Kanada Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) And kneaded to prepare a main ingredient containing 10% by mass of the organic-inorganic composite 1. Thereafter, 80 parts by mass of methyl nadic acid anhydride (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as a curing agent was added to 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin in the main agent and stirred.
- methyl nadic acid anhydride Wi-Fi Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- N, N-dimethylpentylamine (A 1 drich) as a curing catalyst with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total mixture was added and stirred again, and then the organic-inorganic composite was oriented.
- a liquid sample was poured into a 100 m-thick mold and cured in a compressed state sandwiched between glass plates.
- the i value increased to about 8. Onm.
- the organic-inorganic composite 2 prepared in Example 2 was mixed with polyamide 6 (Novamit 1010 C 2, manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics Co., Ltd.), and a mixer unit of Laboplast Mill (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) was used.
- the polymer composite material was prepared by melting and kneading at 240.
- the content of the organic-inorganic composite 2 in this polymer composite is 5% by mass. Further, this sample was press-pressed at 260 ⁇ to prepare a 20 O / im-thick film molded body. As a result of XRD measurement, the sharp bottom reflection (d.
- a polyamide-6 composite was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the organic-inorganic composite 4 prepared in Example 4 was used.
- a logo with a thickness of 1 nm and a length of more than 5 Pite sheet separation was confirmed (Fig. 3). From this, it became clear that the laminated structure of the organic-inorganic composite was thinned to form a nanocomposite. Comparative Example 1;
- Example 2 The same treatment as in Example 1 was performed, except that a 0.002 M solution of dodecylamine hydrochloride was used as the positively charged organic compound. XRD measurement result, d. The Q1 value was about 1. Onm, and dodecylamine hydrochloride was not interlinked between the Z-20 layers. Comparative Example 2;
- Example 4 The same treatment as in Example 4 was performed except that sericite (Z-20) was used instead of the organic-inorganic composite.
- sericite Z-20
- the d 001 value is about 1.
- Onm and in the TEM image, rigid sericite particles (cross section) exceeding 0.1 m in thickness and 5 m in length are observed. Dispersion was confirmed ( Figure 4). Z-20 in the polymer matrix was not peeled and dispersed at all. Comparative Example 3;
- Organic mono-mica (MAE, Co-op Chemical Co., Ltd.) obtained by organizing Na mono-synthetic fluorine mica with dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride instead of the organic mono-inorganic composite used in Example 5 ) was used in the same manner as in Example 5, except that As a result of XRD measurement of the resulting polymer composite material, only a slight bottom reflection with a value of about 4.0 nm was confirmed. As a result of TEM observation, the dispersed synthetic fluorine layer is uniformly dispersed in a polymer matrix with a 1 nm-thick layer in a single layer or a stack of two or three layers. The length was confirmed to be 0.1 to 0.2 m (Fig. 5). Industrial applicability
- the present invention provides an organic-inorganic composite obtained by treating a non-swellable layered silicate having a large primary particle size with a concentrated solution of a positively charged organic compound, and a highly dispersed organic-inorganic composite. It relates to molecular composite materials.
- the organic monoinorganic composite of the present invention is useful as a sheet-like filler having a large aspect ratio, and can be dispersed in a polymer material matrix to further increase the aspect ratio. Lightweight, suitable for structural materials that require high heat resistance and mechanical properties, films, sheets, bottles, tank molding materials, adhesives and paints that require high gas barrier properties.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Composite Materials (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
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CN200580032721.XA CN101031510B (zh) | 2004-08-27 | 2005-08-25 | 有机-无机复合体和高分子复合材料及其制造方法 |
JP2006532770A JP5024783B2 (ja) | 2004-08-27 | 2005-08-25 | 有機−無機複合体および高分子複合材料ならびにその製造方法 |
US11/661,311 US8420040B2 (en) | 2004-08-27 | 2005-08-25 | Organic-inorganic composite and polymeric composite material, and method producing them |
DE112005002057T DE112005002057T5 (de) | 2004-08-27 | 2005-08-25 | Organisch-anorganischer Verbundstoff und Polymerverbundwerkstoff und Verfahren für deren Herstellung |
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US (1) | US8420040B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5024783B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101031510B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112005002057T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006022431A1 (ja) |
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- 2005-08-25 WO PCT/JP2005/015959 patent/WO2006022431A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-08-25 DE DE112005002057T patent/DE112005002057T5/de not_active Ceased
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JP2007099597A (ja) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-19 | Cci Corp | 改質層状粘土鉱物、改質層状粘土鉱物の製造方法、及び層間化合物 |
JP2009541186A (ja) * | 2006-05-15 | 2009-11-26 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイティド | ナノコンポジットポリマーを作るのに有用な組成物 |
JP2008063405A (ja) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-21 | National Institute For Materials Science | ポリ乳酸複合材料 |
WO2009020107A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-12 | Showa Denko K. K. | 有機化粘土複合体、その製造方法、及び有機化粘土複合体を含む樹脂複合体 |
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JP2009173754A (ja) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-08-06 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | 複合摩擦調整材 |
CN102164855A (zh) * | 2008-09-24 | 2011-08-24 | 拜尔材料科学股份公司 | 用于聚合物层状硅酸盐(纳米)复合材料的不可膨胀的合成层状硅酸盐 |
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JP2012201550A (ja) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-10-22 | Kunimine Industries Co Ltd | 有機化処理粘土分散液及びその製造方法 |
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JPWO2014103994A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-26 | 2017-01-12 | Dic株式会社 | ポリエステル樹脂組成物、接着剤、及びフィルム |
US9777149B2 (en) | 2012-12-26 | 2017-10-03 | Dic Corporation | Polyester resin composition, adhesive and film |
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JP2017071512A (ja) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-13 | 国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構 | 水膨潤性層状ケイ酸塩の製造方法 |
JPWO2020153352A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-30 | ||
JP7376046B2 (ja) | 2019-01-21 | 2023-11-08 | 公立大学法人大阪 | 層状化合物の剥離層分散液及びそれを用いた透明基板 |
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CN101031510A (zh) | 2007-09-05 |
JP5024783B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 |
DE112005002057T5 (de) | 2007-07-05 |
US8420040B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 |
US20070259992A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
CN101031510B (zh) | 2011-09-07 |
JPWO2006022431A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
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