WO2006016657A1 - Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための薬剤 - Google Patents
Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための薬剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006016657A1 WO2006016657A1 PCT/JP2005/014767 JP2005014767W WO2006016657A1 WO 2006016657 A1 WO2006016657 A1 WO 2006016657A1 JP 2005014767 W JP2005014767 W JP 2005014767W WO 2006016657 A1 WO2006016657 A1 WO 2006016657A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- compound
- linear
- branched
- sphingomyelin
- Prior art date
Links
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims description 89
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title claims description 78
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 348
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 102000015785 Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 108010024814 Serine C-palmitoyltransferase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- ZZIKIHCNFWXKDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myriocin Natural products CCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCC=CCC(O)C(O)C(N)(CO)C(O)=O ZZIKIHCNFWXKDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- ZZIKIHCNFWXKDY-GNTQXERDSA-N myriocin Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCC\C=C\C[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@](N)(CO)C(O)=O ZZIKIHCNFWXKDY-GNTQXERDSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N C16 ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)C=CCCCCCCCCCCCCC YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N N-acetylsphinganine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)NC(C)=O CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229940106189 ceramide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)NC(CO)C(O)C=CCCC=C(C)CCCCCCCCC ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N newbouldiamide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 79
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 108090000994 Catalytic RNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 27
- 102000053642 Catalytic RNA Human genes 0.000 claims description 27
- OTKJDMGTUTTYMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrosphingosine Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(N)CO OTKJDMGTUTTYMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 108091092562 ribozyme Proteins 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 102000005993 Sphingomyelin synthase Human genes 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 108020003486 sphingomyelin synthase Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- 108700008625 Reporter Genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- MNBKLUUYKPBKDU-BBECNAHFSA-N palmitoyl-CoA Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N)=C2N=C1 MNBKLUUYKPBKDU-BBECNAHFSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 13
- 208000019425 cirrhosis of liver Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000005176 Hepatitis C Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- XSDVOEIEBUGRQX-RBUKOAKNSA-N dihydroceramide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)NC=O XSDVOEIEBUGRQX-RBUKOAKNSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007882 cirrhosis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- KBUNOSOGGAARKZ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 3-dehydrosphinganine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO KBUNOSOGGAARKZ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 108700039691 Genetic Promoter Regions Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002816 methylsulfanyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S[*] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930189462 Sphingofungin Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001312 palmitoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- OTKJDMGTUTTYMP-ROUUACIJSA-N Safingol ( L-threo-sphinganine) Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@H](O)[C@@H](N)CO OTKJDMGTUTTYMP-ROUUACIJSA-N 0.000 claims 7
- 229940121834 Serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 94
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 55
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 45
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 101000823955 Homo sapiens Serine palmitoyltransferase 1 Proteins 0.000 abstract description 16
- 102100022068 Serine palmitoyltransferase 1 Human genes 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000006829 sphingolipid biosynthesis Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000223651 Aureobasidium Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 108020004459 Small interfering RNA Proteins 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- UVBUBMSSQKOIBE-DSLOAKGESA-N fumonisin B1 Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC(=O)O[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC)[C@@H](OC(=O)C[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C[C@@H](C)C[C@H](O)CCCC[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)[C@H](C)N UVBUBMSSQKOIBE-DSLOAKGESA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- QZIADBYRQILELJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumonisin B1 Natural products CCCCC(C)C(OC(=O)CC(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(C)(CC(C)CC(O)CCCCC(O)CC(O)C(C)N)OC(=O)CC(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O QZIADBYRQILELJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- YCAKBKAOFSILDC-RTWAWAEBSA-N n-[(2r,4s)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YCAKBKAOFSILDC-RTWAWAEBSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 109
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 48
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 46
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 230000001851 biosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 42
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 41
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 32
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 28
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 25
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 24
- -1 amino sulfo group Chemical group 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 102000040650 (ribonucleotides)n+m Human genes 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- OTKJDMGTUTTYMP-ZWKOTPCHSA-N sphinganine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N)CO OTKJDMGTUTTYMP-ZWKOTPCHSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 19
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 108020005544 Antisense RNA Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003184 complementary RNA Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 11
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N (2S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropansäure Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 10
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229960001153 serine Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serine Natural products OCC(N)C(O)=O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 101710144111 Non-structural protein 3 Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 101800001554 RNA-directed RNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 101800001014 Non-structural protein 5A Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical group COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 7
- FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyliminomethylidene-ethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102000014150 Interferons Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108010050904 Interferons Proteins 0.000 description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Chemical group C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940079322 interferon Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108020004491 Antisense DNA Proteins 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 108060001084 Luciferase Proteins 0.000 description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003816 antisense DNA Substances 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 5
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O)N=NC2=C1 ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108091033380 Coding strand Proteins 0.000 description 4
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101000823949 Homo sapiens Serine palmitoyltransferase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930193140 Neomycin Natural products 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 102100022059 Serine palmitoyltransferase 2 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940125773 compound 10 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N jdtic Chemical compound C1([C@]2(C)CCN(C[C@@H]2C)C[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]2NCC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C2)=CC=CC(O)=C1 ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 4
- BLTCBVOJNNKFKC-KTEGJIGUSA-N n-[(1r,2r,3e)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)heptadec-3-en-1-yl]acetamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)NC(C)=O BLTCBVOJNNKFKC-KTEGJIGUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960004927 neomycin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 210000004940 nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003408 sphingolipids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011534 wash buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N (1s,2s,3s,5r)-1-(carboxymethyl)-3,5-bis[(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-propylcarbamoyl]cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@](CC(O)=O)([C@H](C(=O)N(CCC)CC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)N(CCC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecan-1-ol Chemical class CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO WNWHHMBRJJOGFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000551547 Dione <red algae> Species 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108091030071 RNAI Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003120 Steady-Glo Luciferase Assay System Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101710172711 Structural protein Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010609 cell counting kit-8 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940126543 compound 14 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 210000004748 cultured cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000263 cytotoxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108020001507 fusion proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000037865 fusion proteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009368 gene silencing by RNA Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000833 heterodimer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical compound [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001243 protein synthesis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-IYHDLOSGSA-N (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxy(214C)propanoic acid Chemical compound N[14C@@H](CO)C(=O)O MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-IYHDLOSGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N (3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[5-[(3aS,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-[1-bis(4-chlorophenoxy)phosphorylbutylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCCCC1SC[C@@H]2NC(=O)N[C@H]12)C(C)C)P(=O)(Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 1-[6-[2-[3-[3-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-[2-[[(2r)-1-[[2-[[(2r)-1-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetyl]amino]propoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propylamino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-[(2r)-2,3-di(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl]sulfanyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl Chemical compound O=C1C(SCCC(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(N)=O)CC(=O)N1CCNC(=O)CCCCCN\1C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2CC/1=C/C=C/C=C/C1=[N+](CC)C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C1 UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010087410 3-dehydrosphinganine reductase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100023340 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000013455 Amyloid beta-Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010090849 Amyloid beta-Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010008909 Chronic Hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108091026890 Coding region Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UYUXSRADSPPKRZ-SKNVOMKLSA-N D-glucurono-6,3-lactone Chemical compound O=C[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O UYUXSRADSPPKRZ-SKNVOMKLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUDQDWGNQVEFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydropyran Chemical group C1COC=CC1 BUDQDWGNQVEFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001149959 Fusarium sp. Species 0.000 description 2
- 101150066002 GFP gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000031886 HIV Infections Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical group C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108020004684 Internal Ribosome Entry Sites Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920001543 Laminarin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000254158 Lampyridae Species 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005089 Luciferase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102100025818 Major prion protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- NPPQSCRMBWNHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meprobamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCC(C)(CCC)COC(N)=O NPPQSCRMBWNHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 108060004795 Methyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical group C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLTCBVOJNNKFKC-QUDYQQOWSA-N N-acetylsphingosine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)NC(C)=O BLTCBVOJNNKFKC-QUDYQQOWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710163270 Nuclease Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000037581 Persistent Infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical group C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical group C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000024777 Prion disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical group C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical group C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical group C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical group N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007022 RNA scission Effects 0.000 description 2
- IWUCXVSUMQZMFG-AFCXAGJDSA-N Ribavirin Chemical compound N1=C(C(=O)N)N=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 IWUCXVSUMQZMFG-AFCXAGJDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical group C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710120037 Toxin CcdB Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108091023040 Transcription factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000040945 Transcription factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108091023045 Untranslated Region Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXPJBQLFCRVBDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CS(O)(=O)=O ZXPJBQLFCRVBDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012870 ammonium sulfate precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004102 animal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-monoglyceryl stearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000023732 binding proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108091008324 binding proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101150055766 cat gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007541 cellular toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940125797 compound 12 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaminosulfur trifluoride Chemical compound CCN(CC)S(F)(F)F CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010061814 dihydroceramide desaturase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WCHBXSPACACNBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)OCCC WCHBXSPACACNBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000001605 fetal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical group C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012744 immunostaining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 101150066555 lacZ gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBTMGCOVALSLOR-VPNXCSTESA-N laminarin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)OC1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)C(O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@@H]2O)O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O DBTMGCOVALSLOR-VPNXCSTESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003757 reverse transcription PCR Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005030 transcription termination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012096 transfection reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014621 translational initiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ONDSBJMLAHVLMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyldiazomethane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)[CH-][N+]#N ONDSBJMLAHVLMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000029812 viral genome replication Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxane Chemical group C1COCOC1 VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQXCQTAELHSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-nitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZQXCQTAELHSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRDFBSVERLRRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2'-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2,5'-bibenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC(OCC)=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=C(C=3NC4=CC(=CC=C4N=3)N3CCN(C)CC3)C=C2N1 PRDFBSVERLRRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPQQXPKAYZYUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trichloroacetamide Chemical compound OC(=N)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl UPQQXPKAYZYUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxypropane Chemical compound COC(C)(C)OC HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKTCBAGSMQIFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrofuran Chemical group C1CC=CO1 JKTCBAGSMQIFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICWZZNUEYMBBRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodofuran Chemical compound IC1=CC=CO1 ICWZZNUEYMBBRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDECRAPHCDXMIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(Cl)(=O)=O HDECRAPHCDXMIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VQNDBXJTIJKJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC2=NNN=C21 VQNDBXJTIJKJPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- FWMNVWWHGCHHJJ-SKKKGAJSSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2r)-6-amino-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]piperidine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1CCC(N)(CC1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FWMNVWWHGCHHJJ-SKKKGAJSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930024421 Adenine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003445 Ascites Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000879125 Aureobasidium sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 Chemical compound COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100290380 Caenorhabditis elegans cel-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000701489 Cauliflower mosaic virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108020004635 Complementary DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000626 DNA-directed RNA polymerases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004163 DNA-directed RNA polymerases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl adipate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC(C)C ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000331 Firefly luciferases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000710781 Flaviviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091027874 Group I catalytic intron Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037357 HIV infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090001102 Hammerhead ribozyme Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000711557 Hepacivirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010019786 Hepatitis non-A non-B Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101000600434 Homo sapiens Putative uncharacterized protein encoded by MIR7-3HG Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000013462 Interleukin-12 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065805 Interleukin-12 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012448 Lithium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006751 Mitsunobu reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004909 Moisturizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000003505 Myosin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108060008487 Myosin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000636 Northern blotting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical group C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000005877 Peptide Initiation Factors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010044843 Peptide Initiation Factors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000045595 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700019535 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004160 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000608 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010035226 Plasma cell myeloma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100037401 Putative uncharacterized protein encoded by MIR7-3HG Human genes 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical group C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091034057 RNA (poly(A)) Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000000574 RNA-Induced Silencing Complex Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010016790 RNA-Induced Silencing Complex Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000007056 Recombinant Fusion Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010008281 Recombinant Fusion Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012722 SDS sample buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108020005543 Satellite RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000010346 Sphingolipidoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000001307 Sphingolipidosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091081024 Start codon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydropyran Chemical group C1CCOCC1 DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical group C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091036066 Three prime untranslated region Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DZGWFCGJZKJUFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tyramine Natural products NCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 DZGWFCGJZKJUFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108700005077 Viral Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010067390 Viral Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGPAQYSVWYWZKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ra] Chemical compound [C].[Ra] WGPAQYSVWYWZKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940124532 absorption promoter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000643 adenine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011543 agarose gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001370 alpha-amino acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000008206 alpha-amino acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 206010002026 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121363 anti-inflammatory agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002260 anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003443 antiviral agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001502 aryl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012131 assay buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000376 autoradiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 1
- QLFNUXTWJGXNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methoxyethoxy)alumane Chemical compound COCCO[AlH]OCCOC QLFNUXTWJGXNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-BJUDXGSMSA-N borane Chemical compound [10BH3] UORVGPXVDQYIDP-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008004 cell lysis buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005754 cellular signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- FZFAMSAMCHXGEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro formate Chemical compound ClOC=O FZFAMSAMCHXGEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005515 coenzyme Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) iodide Chemical compound I[Cu] LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012228 culture supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- UKWLRLAKGMZXJC-QIECWBMSSA-L disodium;[4-chloro-3-[(3r,5s)-1-chloro-3'-methoxyspiro[adamantane-4,4'-dioxetane]-3'-yl]phenyl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1OC2([C@@H]3CC4C[C@H]2CC(Cl)(C4)C3)C1(OC)C1=CC(OP([O-])([O-])=O)=CC=C1Cl UKWLRLAKGMZXJC-QIECWBMSSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OKBPCTLSPGDQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;dichloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-] OKBPCTLSPGDQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006196 drop Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012156 elution solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002662 enteric coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000309457 enveloped RNA virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007941 film coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012737 fresh medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003008 fumonisin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000053095 fungal pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- QLKXXDJVUWMMDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O1C=CC=C1 QLKXXDJVUWMMDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010074605 gamma-Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011544 gradient gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005553 heteroaryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000703 high-speed centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000033519 human immunodeficiency virus infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004408 hybridoma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006197 hydroboration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008172 hydrogenated vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008076 immune mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008105 immune reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Chemical group CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Chemical group C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940117681 interleukin-12 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000644 isotonic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical group C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010901 lateral sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;palladium Chemical compound C.[Pd] UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cyclopentane Natural products CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000520 microinjection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001333 moisturizer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003068 molecular probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002161 motor neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000005264 motor neuron disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000000050 myeloid neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UULYVBBLIYLRCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N myristyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC UULYVBBLIYLRCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQDFHQJTAWCFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound ON=C SQDFHQJTAWCFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002897 organic nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(II) acetate Substances [Pd].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007918 pathogenicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethyl ester of formic acid Natural products O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001521 polyalkylene glycol ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002729 polyribosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003124 powdered cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019814 powdered cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 210000001236 prokaryotic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000006916 protein interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124272 protein stabilizer Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012521 purified sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- NGVDGCNFYWLIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(COP(O)(O)=O)C(C=O)=C1O NGVDGCNFYWLIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007682 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011589 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001327 pyridoxal phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011535 reaction buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- HZCAHMRRMINHDJ-DBRKOABJSA-N ribavirin Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1N=CN=C1 HZCAHMRRMINHDJ-DBRKOABJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000329 ribavirin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000020374 simple syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002415 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001324 spliceosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012192 staining solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007940 sugar coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004885 tandem mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MHYGQXWCZAYSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-chloro-diphenylsilane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](Cl)(C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MHYGQXWCZAYSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MPLHNVLQVRSVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N texas red Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=CC=C1C(C1=CC=2CCCN3CCCC(C=23)=C1O1)=C2C1=C(CCC1)C3=[N+]1CCCC3=C2 MPLHNVLQVRSVEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical group C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholine Chemical group C1CSCCN1 BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000820 toxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005026 transcription initiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006478 transmetalation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010396 two-hybrid screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003732 tyramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DZGWFCGJZKJUFP-UHFFFAOYSA-O tyraminium Chemical compound [NH3+]CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 DZGWFCGJZKJUFP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 108700026220 vif Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/54—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/13—Amines
- A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
- A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/165—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
- A61K31/22—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin
- A61K31/225—Polycarboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/38—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom
- A61K31/381—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur as a ring hetero atom having five-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
- A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
- A61K31/405—Indole-alkanecarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. tryptophan, indomethacin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/10—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
- C07D209/18—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D209/20—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals substituted additionally by nitrogen atoms, e.g. tryptophane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/54—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/55—Acids; Esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
- C12N15/1137—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing against enzymes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y203/00—Acyltransferases (2.3)
- C12Y203/01—Acyltransferases (2.3) transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups (2.3.1)
- C12Y203/0105—Serine C-palmitoyltransferase (2.3.1.50)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
- C12N2310/14—Type of nucleic acid interfering N.A.
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2770/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses positive-sense
- C12N2770/00011—Details
- C12N2770/24011—Flaviviridae
- C12N2770/24211—Hepacivirus, e.g. hepatitis C virus, hepatitis G virus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection, comprising as an active ingredient a compound that blocks the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin.
- the present invention also relates to a method for screening a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection, and a kit for use in the method.
- HCV was discovered in 1989 as a major causative virus for non-A non-B hepatitis after blood transfusion.
- HCV is an enveloped RNA virus whose genome consists of single-stranded (+) RNA and is classified into the genus Hepacivirus of the Flaviviridae family.
- HCV progresses to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer, where persistent infection is often established even when infected with an adult who has developed an immune system, in order to avoid the host's immune mechanism due to unclear reasons.
- liver cancer recurrence due to inflammation that continues in non-cancerous areas even after surgery.
- interferon treatment is known as the only effective treatment for HCV elimination.
- about 1Z3 of all patients are effective for interferon.
- the response rate of interferon against HCV genotype lb is very low. Therefore, development of an anti-HCV drug that can replace or be used in combination with interferon is strongly desired.
- ribavirin 1— ⁇ -D-ribofuranosyl 1 ⁇ — 1, 2, 4-triazol (Lu-3-Carboxamide) is marketed as a therapeutic agent for hepatitis C in combination with interferon, but there is a need for a new therapeutic agent for hepatitis C whose effectiveness is still low.
- attempts have been made to eliminate viruses by enhancing the immunity of people such as interferon agonists and interleukin 12 agonists, but no effective drugs have been found yet.
- Non-Patent Document 1 The mechanism of HCV RNA replication in this system is thought to be identical to the replication of the full-length HCV RNA genome infected with hepatocytes. Therefore, this system can be said to be a cell-based accessory system useful for identifying compounds that inhibit HCV replication.
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. W098Z56755 Pamphlet
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application 2003-34056
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application 2003-272420
- Non-Patent Document 1 Buoy Roman et al., Science, 1999, No. 285, 110-113
- Patent Document 1 a series of compounds derived from microorganisms such as the genus Aureobasidium. And found to have high HCV replication inhibitory activity ( Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 the present inventors have found that the compound has minimal in vitro cytotoxicity and is extremely useful as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for HCV infection, and further constructed a method for synthesizing the compound and derivatives. (Patent Document 3).
- These inhibitors are likely to be therapeutic agents for HCV infection. However, it has not been clarified so far about the power that HCV causes in vivo, and what kind of in vivo reaction these series of compounds inhibit. There was concern about the behavior when used as a drug. Further, when the compound is used as a pharmaceutical, it has been required to elucidate what kind of cascade the compound is involved in and causes anti-HCV replication inhibitory activity.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the purpose of the present invention is to determine how a series of compounds derived from microorganisms such as the genus Aureobasidium and their derivatives are in vivo. Is to elucidate whether it is involved in the cascade and causes anti-HCV replication inhibitory activity.
- an agent for treating or preventing HCV infection which contains a compound that blocks the cascade as an active ingredient, is provided.
- a screening method for drugs for treating or preventing HCV infection and kits for use in these are provided.
- the present inventors first represented by the following formula (II), which is one of compounds derived from microorganisms such as the genus Aureobasi di awakening.
- the compound and myriocin having a structure partially similar to the compound were subjected to HCV levulincon assembly.
- Myriocin specifically inhibits serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which condenses serine and palmitoyl CoA to produce 3-ketodihydrosphingosine at the initial stage of sphingolipid biosynthesis ( Figure 1).
- SPT serine palmitoyltransferase
- Figure 1 Myriocin specifically inhibits serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which condenses serine and palmitoyl CoA to produce 3-ketodihydrosphingosine at the initial stage of sphingolipid biosynthesis.
- the compound represented by the formula (II) or myriocin is given to the replicon cell Huh-3-l in the range of ⁇ to 100 ⁇ , cultured, and after extracting total RNA, the neomycin resistance gene is used as a probe. Analysis was performed. As a result, the effect of reducing replicon RNA by 50% at a concentration of 10 ⁇ was observed in the compound represented by myriocin and formula ( ⁇ ) (FIGS. 2 and 3).
- myriocin or a compound represented by the formula (II) is given to the replicon cell Huh-3-1 in the range of ⁇ to lOOuM, cultured, and after recovering the protein, an anti-NS3 Usagi antibody derived from HCV protein is used. Western analysis was performed. As a result, the compound represented by myriocin and the formula ( ⁇ ) was found to have an effect of reducing the expression of HCV protein by 50% at a concentration of 1-lOnM (Figs. 4 and 5).
- HCV replicon inhibitory activity of fumosin B1 which specifically inhibits dihydrosphingosine synthase, which produces dihydrosphingosin, dihydric oral ceramide, during the intermediate stage of sphingolipid biosynthesis was measured.
- Fumosin B1 was given to the replicon cell Huh-3-l in the range of 1.37 uM to 1000 uM, and after culturing, luminescence measurement was performed. As a result, it was revealed that fumosin B1 exhibits HCV replicon inhibitory activity at a concentration of 10-lOOOOM (Fig. 6).
- siRNAs were synthesized targeting one subunit LCB1 of serine palmitoyltransferase heterodimers.
- siRNA showed inhibition of expression compared to control siRNA, and si246 showed particularly strong expression inhibition (Fig. 7).
- LCB1 was knocked down with siRNA, and HCV replicon inhibitory activity was measured.
- HCV replicon cells were treated with 100 nM of the compound represented by formula (II) for 96 hours, and inhibition of expression of HCV-NS3 protein was confirmed.
- the compound represented by formula ( ⁇ ) The HCV-NS3 protein around the nucleus disappeared by the addition of ( Figure 10).
- HCV replicon cells were treated with 100 nM of the compound represented by formula (II) for 48 hours and 96 hours, and Western blot analysis confirmed the expression of HCV nonstructural proteins NS3, NS5A, and NS5B. However, all proteins showed a decrease in expression (Fig. 11). From these results, it is clear that the compound force represented by formula (II) has an effect of suppressing the expression of the nonstructural proteins NS3, NS5A, and NS5B, which are involved in HCV viral replication. became.
- HCV levulincon cells were treated with a known SPT inhibitor myriocin, ceramide synthesis inhibitor fumonisin Bl, and ceramide transport inhibitor HPA-12, and levulincon activity and viable cell count were measured. It was clarified that V and slippery compounds also inhibited HCV replication at concentrations without cytotoxicity (Fig. 15).
- the present inventors have succeeded in developing a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection, which contains a compound that blocks the process of sphingomyelin biosynthesis as an active ingredient.
- the present invention has been completed.
- anti-HCV agents have unclear target cascades and are side effects
- the target of the drug of the present invention is a sphingomyelin biosynthetic system and is clearer, it is considered that side effects can be easily eliminated and the effect of the drug can be easily adjusted.
- the anti-HCV agent of the present invention may exhibit an anti-HCV action widely regardless of the HCV subtype and various protein mutations.
- the present invention provides the following (1) to (23).
- a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection comprising as an active ingredient a compound that blocks the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin.
- A represents-(CH 2) —, where n represents an integer of 0 to 10;
- R is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, mono or Di-substituted And may be substituted with an amino group, or may represent);
- D represents — (CH 2), wherein m represents an integer of 0 to 10, and R ′ represents a hydrogen atom
- E represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group Represents a group;
- G represents one (CH) —J, where p represents an integer from 0 to 4, J represents hydrogen, an OH group, SH
- Bond Q represents a single bond or a double bond
- R 3 are the same or different and are a hydroxyl group, an amino group (which may be mono- or di-substituted with a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), OL, a linear chain or a branched chain.
- RNA with ribozyme activity that specifically cleaves DNA transcripts encoding serine palmitoyltransferase
- RNA with ribozyme activity that specifically cleaves DNA transcripts encoding dihydrosphingosine N-calyzing enzyme
- RNA with ribozyme activity that specifically cleaves DNA transcripts encoding sphingomyelin synthase
- a serine palmitolyltransferase inhibitor comprising a compound represented by the following formula (I) or a derivative thereof.
- A represents-(CH 2) —, where n represents an integer of 0 to 10;
- R is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, mono or Di-substituted or substituted with an amino group may represent);
- D represents — (CH 2), wherein m represents an integer of 0 to 10, and R ′ represents a hydrogen atom
- E represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group
- G represents one (CH) —J, where p represents an integer from 0 to 4, J represents hydrogen, an OH group, SH
- Bond Q represents a single bond or a double bond
- R 3 are the same or different and are a hydroxyl group, an amino group (which may be mono- or di-substituted with a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), OL, a linear chain or a branched chain.
- a serine normitolyltransferase inhibitor comprising a compound represented by the following formula (II) or a derivative thereof.
- a method for screening a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection comprising the following steps (a) to (c):
- a method for screening a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection comprising the following steps (a) to (c):
- test compound having a decreased expression level of the enzyme as a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection as compared with a case where the test compound is brought into contact with the test compound.
- a method for screening a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection comprising the following steps (a) to (d):
- Biosynthesis process power of sphingomyelin Palmitoyl CoA force is the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin, The screening method according to any one of (16) to (20).
- (22) The enzyme method involved in the process of biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from palmitoyl CoA.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a sphingolipid synthetic pathway (synthetic pathway from palmitoyl CoA to sphingomyelin).
- FIG. 2 Photograph showing the HCV RNA replication inhibitory activity of myriocin by Northern plot analysis. The horizontal axis represents the concentration of myriocin.
- FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the HCV RNA replication inhibitory activity of a compound represented by formula (II) by Northern plot analysis.
- the horizontal axis represents the concentration of the compound represented by the formula ( ⁇ ).
- FIG. 4 Photograph showing the inhibitory activity of myriocin on HCV protein synthesis by Western plot analysis. The horizontal axis represents the concentration of myriocin.
- FIG. 5 is a photograph showing the HCV protein synthesis inhibitory activity of the compound represented by formula ( ⁇ ) by Western plot analysis.
- the horizontal axis represents the concentration of the compound represented by formula (II).
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the HCV replicon inhibitory activity of fumosin B1.
- FIG. 7 is a photograph showing inhibition of protein expression of serine palmitoyltransferase (LCB1) by siRNA.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effects of siRNA on HCV levulincon inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the inhibition of HCV levicon and the toxicity to host cells by the compound represented by formula (II).
- FIG. 10 is a photograph showing inhibition of HCV-NS3 protein expression by a compound represented by formula (II). After immunostaining, it was observed with a fluorescence microscope. White indicates NS3 protein, gray indicates nuclei stained with hex 33342.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing inhibition of NS3, NS5A, and NS-5B protein expression by a compound represented by formula (II). Each protein was expressed by Western plot analysis.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing SPT inhibitory activity of a compound represented by formula (II).
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing inhibition of de novo synthesis of ceramide and sphingomyelin by the compound represented by formula (II).
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing suppression of HCV replication inhibition of a compound represented by formula (II) by C2-ceramide.
- FIG. 15 is a view showing inhibition of HCV replication by a raft biosynthesis-related low molecular weight compound.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the influence of a compound represented by formula (II) on raft protein.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the influence of a compound represented by formula (II) on raft protein.
- the present invention relates to a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection, comprising as an active ingredient a compound that blocks the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin.
- the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin is more preferably a process of biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from palmitole CoA (Fig. 1).
- a compound that blocks the process of sphingomyelin biosynthesis refers to directly or indirectly inhibiting in vivo reactions related to the process of sphingomyelin biosynthesis from palmitoyl CoA. Any compound can be used. It may be a compound that inhibits the activity of an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin, a compound that inhibits the expression of an enzyme involved in biosynthesis, or a compound that produces or increases these inhibitors. A compound that indirectly inhibits an enzyme involved in biosynthesis may also be used.
- the enzyme involved in the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin is serine.
- examples include lumitoyltransferase, 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase, dihydrosphingosine N-acyltransferase, dihydroceramide desaturase, and sphingomyelin synthase (Fig. 1), preferably serine palmitoyltransferase. Mention may be made of enzymes, dihydrosphingosine-N-acyltransferase, and sphingomyelin synthase.
- the compound of the present invention includes a compound that blocks the biosynthesis process of palmitoyl CoA force 3-ketodihydrosphingosine, which is the initial stage of the sphingolipid biosynthesis process.
- Examples of the compound that blocks the biosynthetic process include compounds that inhibit the enzyme activity of serine palmitoyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis, and compounds that suppress the expression of serine palmitoyltransferase.
- the compound that inhibits the enzyme activity of serine palmitoyltransferase of the present invention may be any compound that inhibits the enzyme activity, but is preferably sphingofagin, myriocin, the following formula (I ) Or a derivative thereof.
- A represents one (CH) —, where n represents an integer of 0 to 10;
- R is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, mono or Di-substituted or substituted with an amino group may represent);
- D represents — (CH 2), wherein m represents an integer of 0 to 10, and R ′ represents a hydrogen atom
- Linear or branched alkyl group linear or branched alkynyl group, linear Or a branched alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted heteroaryl group, an OX group (where X is a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group, a linear or branched alkyl group, a linear or branched alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an optionally substituted group. Represents a good aryl group), or represents a halogen atom;
- E represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group
- G represents one (CH) —J, where p represents an integer from 0 to 4, J represents hydrogen, an OH group, SH
- Bond Q represents a single bond or a double bond
- R 3 are the same or different and are a hydroxyl group, an amino group (which may be mono- or di-substituted with a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), OL, a linear chain or a branched chain.
- a linear or branched alkyl group means a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, unless otherwise defined in the present specification. Preferably, it means a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, heptyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- the cycloalkyl group means a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the straight or branched alkenyl group means a straight or branched hydrocarbon group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and containing at least one double bond.
- Bulle group, 1 Examples include propenyl group, aryl group, 2-butur group, 2-etulur 2-butur group and the like.
- the linear or branched alkynyl group means a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and containing at least one triple bond.
- Etul group 1 propyl group, 2 propyl group, 1 butyl group, 3 butynyl group, 2 pentyl group, 3 pentyl group, 4 pentyl group, 2 hexyl group, 4 Monohexyl group, 2 decyl group, 6, 6 dimethylhepter 2, 4 diyne-1-yl group and the like.
- the heterocyclic group described in the present specification means 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, and an oxygen atom (preferably 1 Or 2 to 4) as a ring member, 4 to 6-membered monocyclic or 7 to 10-membered bicyclic group (preferably monocyclic group) having at least one double bond
- Specific groups such as pyran, morpholine, tetrahydrofuran, dihydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, dihydropyran, 1,3 dioxane, piperazine, piperidine, thiomorpholine.
- the aryl group described in this specification means a monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon group having aromaticity. Specific examples include force-induced groups such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and fluorene.
- the heteroaryl group described in the present specification has aromaticity and has 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, and an oxygen atom ( Preferably, it means a 4 to 6-membered monocyclic or 7 to 10-membered bicyclic group (preferably a monocyclic group) containing 1 or 2) as ring members.
- examples include force-induced groups such as furan, thiophene, pyrrole, diazole, pyridine, thiazole, imidazole, pyrimidine, indole, quinoline, oxazole, isoxazole, pyrazine, triazole, thiadiazole, tetrazole, and pyrazole. it can.
- the aralkyl group described in the present specification means the above linear or branched alkyl group substituted with the above aryl group, and specifically includes a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the heteroaryl alkyl group described herein is a heteroaryl group as defined above. It means the above-mentioned linear or branched alkyl group substituted with a group.
- acyl group described herein is bonded via a carbo group, and the above linear or branched alkyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, or Means a bicyclic group.
- alkyl group a linear or branched alkoxy group, a linear or branched alkenyl group, a linear or branched alkoxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group, Linear or branched alkyloxy group, cycloalkyl group, cycloalkyloxy group, cyano group, nitro group, trifluoromethyl group, trifluoromethoxy group, halogen atom, aryl group, aryloxy group, heteroaryl group A heteroaryloxy group, an aralkyl group, an aralkyloxy group, an amino group (which may be mono- or di-substituted by a linear or branched alkyl group), an Group, linear or branched alkylsulfonyl group, strong rubamoyl group, linear or branched alkyl group), an Group, linear or branched alkylsulfonyl group, strong rubamoyl group, linear or branched alkyl group
- the aryl and heteroaryl moieties contained in these substituents further include a halogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group, a linear or branched alkoxy group, a linear or branched alkenyl group, Linear or branched alkyloxy group, linear or branched alkyl group, linear or branched alkyloxy group, cycloalkyl group, cycloalkyloxy group, cyano group, nitro group Mono- or di-substituted with a trifluoromethyl group, a trifluoromethoxy group, a halogen atom, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, a heteroaryl group, an aralkyl group, an aralkyloxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group, Moyo!
- Amino group acyl group, linear or branched alkylsulfonyl group, linear or branched chain It is di- or tri-substituted by a ruxoxy group, a strong rubamoyl group, a linear or branched alkylthio group, a carboxyl group, a linear or branched alkyl carbo group, a formyl group, an amino sulfo group, etc.
- a ruxoxy group a strong rubamoyl group
- a linear or branched alkylthio group a carboxyl group, a linear or branched alkyl carbo group, a formyl group, an amino sulfo group, etc.
- Preferred examples of the compound of the formula (I) of the present invention include the following compounds.
- each symbol is as described in the above formula (I), and P, pz, and P ⁇ represent a hydroxy protecting group.
- the starting compound, Compound 1 can be synthesized according to literature methods (J. Org. Chem. 1989, 45, 5522, B.E. Marron, et al).
- Compound 1 is mixed with bis (2-methoxyethoxy) aluminum hydride, aluminum hydride in various ethers such as jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc., in solvents such as benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, etc. or in mixed solvents thereof.
- Compound 2 can be obtained by reacting with a reducing agent such as lithium at room temperature or under cooling, preferably at ice temperature, followed by treatment with iodine under cooling, preferably at 78 ° C.
- Step 1-2 Compound 2 is converted into a catalytic amount of pyridinium paraffin in a solvent such as jetyl ether, toluene, cyclohexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, ethyl acetate, or a mixture thereof.
- Compound 3 can be obtained by reacting with dihydropyran in the presence of an acid such as toluenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid acetic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, at room temperature or under cooling, preferably at ice temperature. it can
- Compound 3 is mixed with various ethers such as jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, benzene, toluene, cyclohexane and the like or mixed solvents thereof such as tert butyl lithium, n-butyl lithium and sec butyl lithium.
- Compound 4 can be obtained by reacting with a strong base at room temperature or cooling, preferably at 78 ° C., and further reacting formaldehyde with vigorous cooling, preferably at ice temperature.
- Compound 4 is preferably present at room temperature or under cooling in the presence of a base such as imidazole, trimethylamine, or pyridine.
- Compound 5 can be obtained by reacting with tert butyl diphenylchlorosilane under ice temperature.
- the compound 6 can be obtained by reacting at room temperature or under heating, preferably under reflux.
- Compound 6 is dissolved in a solvent such as methylene chloride, black mouth form, or a mixed solvent thereof, Lewis acid such as titanium tetraisopropoxide, titanium tetraptoxide, etc. and L-(+) Jetyl monotartrate, L (+ ) Dipropyl tartrate or D (1) Jetyl tartrate, D (1) Peroxides such as tert butyl hydroperoxide and tamen hydroperoxide in the presence of dipropyl tartrate at room temperature or under cooling, preferably under cooling Compound 7 can be obtained by reaction.
- a solvent such as methylene chloride, black mouth form, or a mixed solvent thereof
- Lewis acid such as titanium tetraisopropoxide, titanium tetraptoxide, etc.
- L-(+) Jetyl monotartrate L (+ ) Dipropyl tartrate or D
- Jetyl tartrate D
- Peroxides such as tert butyl hydroperoxide and tamen hydro
- the metal derivative and compound 7 are mixed with various ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, in a solvent such as benzene, toluene and cyclohexane or in a mixed solvent thereof at room temperature or under cooling, preferably at 78 ° C.
- Compound 8 can be obtained by the reaction.
- Compound 8 is converted into a catalytic amount of pyridinium paratoluenesulfonic acid, toluene in a solvent such as jetyl ether, toluene, hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, or a mixture thereof.
- a solvent such as jetyl ether, toluene, hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, or a mixture thereof.
- an acid such as sulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid at room temperature or under cooling, preferably at room temperature. You can get Item 9.
- Compound 9 is dissolved in a solvent such as jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, or a mixed solvent thereof, such as tetraptyl ammonium fluoride, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.
- a solvent such as jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, or a mixed solvent thereof, such as tetraptyl ammonium fluoride, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.
- Compound 10 can be obtained by reacting in the presence at room temperature or under cooling.
- the corresponding dicarboxylic acid can be obtained by subjecting compound 10 to an oxidation reaction such as manganese peroxide, nitric acid, diones oxidation and the like.
- compound 10 may be potassium permanganate
- the corresponding dialdehyde can be obtained by acid reactions such as Collins oxidation and TEMPO acid.
- triethylamine Dialdehyde can be obtained by treatment with a base such as The resulting product can subsequently be converted to a dicarboxylic acid with an oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate, sodium chlorite, chromic acid.
- Dicarboxylic acid is obtained by reacting with an aqueous solution of sodium chlorite and sodium dihydrogen phosphate in 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-methyl-2-butene, preferably at room temperature or under cooling, preferably under cooling. be able to.
- N, N dimethylformamide in solvents such as N, N dimethylformamide, jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, hexane, methylene chloride, black mouth form or mixed solvents thereof or in the absence of solvent.
- Compound 11 can be obtained by reacting tert-butyl in tert-butylacetal or 2,2,2-trichloroacetimidate at room temperature or under heating.
- Compound 11 is preferably used in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane or in a mixed solvent thereof in the presence of an acid such as pyridinium paratoluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid and acetic acid in the presence of water at room temperature or under cooling. Can be obtained by reacting at room temperature.
- Compound 12 can be converted to the corresponding dicarboxylic acid by an oxidation reaction such as manganese peroxide, nitric acid, diones oxidation.
- Compound 13 is preferably obtained by reacting compound 12 with Diones reagent in acetone at room temperature or under cooling, preferably under cooling.
- Compound 13 and ⁇ -amino acid tert-butyl ester hydrochloride are mixed with N, N diisopropyl ester in a solvent such as N, N dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, jetyl ether, methylene chloride, chloroform, or a mixture thereof.
- a solvent such as N, N dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, jetyl ether, methylene chloride, chloroform, or a mixture thereof.
- the compound 14 A which is one embodiment of the compound of formula (I), can be obtained by reacting with a coupling reagent such as) by reacting at room temperature! / ⁇ under cooling, preferably at room temperature. .
- Compound 14A is reacted with methanesulfonic acid in the presence or absence of vaninol in a solvent such as ethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, ethyl acetate, water, or a mixed solvent thereof.
- a solvent such as ethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, ethyl acetate, water, or a mixed solvent thereof.
- the compounds of the formula (I) of the present invention in order to obtain a compound other than the above-mentioned compounds 14 A and 14 B, starting from compound 14-A or 14-B, hydrolysis may be performed as necessary. By subjecting it to reduction, amination or amidation, hydroxyiminolysis, and / or ester conversion, the desired compound of formula (I) can be obtained.
- the compound of the formula (I) in which the bond Q is a single bond is obtained by reacting the compound 14 A or 14 B in a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, etc. It can also be obtained by hydrogenation at room temperature or under heating conditions in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel or platinum oxide.
- This method is the method of step 17 of the above general production method 1.
- Tylhydroxylamine hydrochloride is mixed with N, N diisopropylethylamine in a solvent such as jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, hexane, methylene chloride, chloroform, ethyl acetate, or a mixture thereof.
- bases such as triethylamine, pyridine, 4-N, N dimethylaminopyridine, O— (7 azabenzotriazole 1 —Nyl) N, N, N ′, N ′ — Tetramethylu-umhexafluorophosphate, water-soluble carbodiimide hydrochloride (WSC'HCl), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), etc.
- Compound b can be obtained by allowing the coupling reagent to act at room temperature.
- Compound b obtained in the above step has a desired group D in a solvent such as jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, hexane or a mixed solvent thereof at room temperature or under cooling, preferably under cooling.
- a solvent such as jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, hexane or a mixed solvent thereof at room temperature or under cooling, preferably under cooling.
- Compound c and ethylene glycol obtained in the above step are mixed with an acid such as pyridinium paratoluenesulfonic acid, paratoluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid or acetic acid in a solvent such as benzene, toluene or 1,2-dichloroethane.
- Compound d can be obtained by reacting in the presence of water formed by heating while azeotropically removing the water.
- a compound corresponding to compound d can also be obtained by methods known to those skilled in the art.
- This compound can be produced by a method known to those skilled in the art by the reaction scheme of the following general production method 3 to general production method 5.
- P ′ ′ ′ represents a protecting group for a carboxyl group
- P ′′ represents a protecting group for an amino acid
- M represents a linear or branched alkyl group, a linear or branched chain group, An alkynyl group, a linear or branched alkenyl group, or a cycloalkyl group.
- Compound AA is protected by an amino-protecting group such as acetyl, trifluoroacetyl, t-butoxycarbol, benzyloxycarbonyl, 9-fluorenylmethylcarbole and the like to give compound BB. be able to.
- the reaction conditions at this time are appropriately selected depending on the kind of the protecting group P ′,.
- Compound BB is mixed with potassium carbonate, hydroxide in a solvent such as jetyl ether, toluene, cyclohexane, acetone, dimethylformamide, dioxane, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, or a mixed solvent thereof.
- a base such as sodium or sodium hydride
- the compound CC is reacted with halogen or M substituted by a leaving group such as methanesulfonate ester, toluenesulfonate ester, etc.
- compound CC can be obtained by reacting compound BB with M substituted with a hydroxyl group under Mitsunobu reaction conditions.
- the compound DD can be obtained by deprotecting the protecting group P ′ ′ ′ ′ of the amino group of the compound CC.
- the reaction conditions at this time are appropriately selected depending on the kind of the protecting group P ′, “.
- P ' represents a protecting group for a carboxyl group
- P "" represents a protecting group for an amino group
- T represents a leaving group such as a sulfonate ester
- U represents a substituted group. It may be a good aryl or a substituted aryl group.
- Compound BB is converted into jetyl ether, toluene, cyclohexane, acetone, dimethylform Bases such as N, N diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, 4-N, N dimethylaminopyridine in various solvents such as muamide, dioxane, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide or mixed solvents thereof
- the compound EE can be obtained by reacting with methanesulfonic acid chloride, toluenesulfonic acid chloride, trifluorosulfonic anhydride, etc. in the presence of water at room temperature or under cooling, preferably under cooling.
- Compound EE is mixed with palladium diacetate, tetrakistriphenylphosphine in various solvents such as jetyl ether, toluene, benzene, dimethylformamide, dioxane, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, water, or a mixture thereof.
- solvents such as jetyl ether, toluene, benzene, dimethylformamide, dioxane, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, water, or a mixture thereof.
- a palladium catalyst such as palladium at room temperature or under heating, preferably under heating, a compound is obtained. You can get FF.
- the compound GG can be obtained by deprotecting the protecting group P ′ ′ ′′ of the amino group of the compound FF.
- the reaction conditions at this time are appropriately selected depending on the kind of the protecting group P ′ ′′.
- P ′ ′ ′ represents a protecting group for a carboxyl group
- P ′′ represents a protecting group for an amino acid
- U represents an optionally substituted aryl, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl group.
- Compound BB is converted into sodium hydride, potassium carbonate in various solvents such as jetyl ether, toluene, cyclohexane, acetone, dimethylformamide, dioxane, methylene chloride, chloroformate, dimethyl sulfoxide, or a mixed solution thereof.
- solvents such as jetyl ether, toluene, cyclohexane, acetone, dimethylformamide, dioxane, methylene chloride, chloroformate, dimethyl sulfoxide, or a mixed solution thereof.
- a base such as N, N diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine
- 4- In the presence of a base such as N, N-dimethylaminopyridine and a catalyst such as dicetoxy cupric and cuprous iodide, at room temperature or under heating, preferably under heating, aryl or heteroaryl boric acid derivatives, aryl or
- the compound HH can be obtained by reacting with a heteroaryl borate ester derivative, a halogenated arylene, a halogenated heteroaryl derivative or the like.
- Compound II can be obtained by deprotecting the protecting group P ′ ′ ′ ′ of the amino group of compound HH.
- the reaction conditions at this time are appropriately selected depending on the kind of the protecting group P ′ ′ ′ ′.
- the compound (40) described in the above list of derivatives of the formula (I) (same as the compound represented by the formula (II)) is disclosed in International Publication No. W098Z56755, and is described in Aureobasidiu It is derived from microorganisms belonging to the genus Aureobasidium and is known to have antibacterial activity against pathogenic fungi such as Candida 'albicans, Taryptococcus' neoformans, and the effect of inhibiting immune reactions.
- the compound (48) is disclosed in International Publication No. W094Z18157, and is known to be useful as a squalene synthesis inhibitor and antifungal agent.
- This compound (40) is a filamentous fungus of the genus Fusarium, the genus Aureobasidium, etc., and a strain producing the above compound is cultured, and then the culture of the above strain is used. It can be produced by isolation.
- the strains that can be used for the production of the compound (40) are those belonging to the filamentous fungi of the genus Fusarium, the genus Aureobasidium, etc. and capable of producing the above compound.
- Fusarium sp. F1476 strain hereinafter referred to as “F1476 strain”
- Aureobasidium sp. TKR2449 strain International Publication No. W098Z56755
- the F1476 strain has the property of advantageously producing the compound (40).
- the physiological properties of the F1476 strain are as follows:
- the growth temperature range is 10 to 30 ° C, preferably 20 to 30 ° C.
- F1476 strain is designated as Fusarium sp. F 1476 and has been deposited with the Patent Organism Depositary, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology as of April 4, 2003 under the accession number FERM BP-8290. .
- the compound (40) can be obtained by inoculating the F1476 strain in a nutrient source-containing medium and culturing the same.
- a nutrient source-containing medium examples include glucose, fructose, saccharose, starch, dextrin, glycerin, molasses, starch syrup, fats and oils, and organic acids.
- nitrogen sources include, for example, soy flour, cottonseed flour, corn steep liquor, casein, peptone, yeast extract, meat extract, germ, urea, amino acid, ammonia salt, etc.
- the salts include inorganic salts such as sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, and phosphates. These may be used alone or in appropriate combination.
- an antifoaming agent such as silicone oil and polyalkylene glycol ether, a surfactant, and the like can be added to the nutrient source-containing medium as necessary.
- a solid culture method a liquid, which is generally used when the production of a physiologically active substance is performed by culturing a microorganism.
- a culture method such as a culture method can be employed.
- the compound (40) is accumulated in the culture by the above-described culture method.
- the compound (40) accumulated in the culture is added to the culture by a known method. After separating the force, it can be further purified if necessary.
- the separation can be carried out by extracting the whole culture with a non-hydrophilic organic solvent such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, black mouth form, butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone and the like.
- a non-hydrophilic organic solvent such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, black mouth form, butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone and the like.
- the culture can be separated into a culture solution and cells by filtration or centrifugation, and then separated from each of the culture solution and cells.
- a method of extracting with the non-hydrophilic organic solvent may be employed, or the culture solution is contacted with an adsorbent carrier.
- the above compound (40) in the culture solution is adsorbed on a carrier and then eluted with a solvent.
- Examples of the carrier include activated carbon, powdered cellulose, and adsorptive resin.
- the solvent one or a combination of two or more can be used as appropriate depending on the type and nature of the carrier.
- aqueous solution of a water-soluble organic solvent such as water-containing acetone or water-containing alcohol is appropriately combined. The thing etc. can be mentioned.
- the crude extract of the compound (40) from which the medium strength of the culture has been separated in this way can be subjected to a further purification step as necessary.
- the above purification can be carried out by a method usually used for separation and purification of a fat-soluble physiologically active substance.
- a method usually used for separation and purification of a fat-soluble physiologically active substance examples include silica gel, activated alumina, activated carbon, and adsorbent coagulant.
- column chromatography using a carrier such as high performance liquid chromatography.
- examples of the elution solvent include black mouth form, ethyl acetate, methanol, acetone, water, etc., and these are used in combination of two or more. be able to.
- the carrier may be, for example, a chemically bonded silica gel bonded with an otadecyl group, an octyl group, a phenol group, or the like; a polystyrene-based porous polymer gel, etc.
- the mobile phase for example, an aqueous solution of a water-soluble organic solvent such as water-containing methanol or water-containing acetonitrile can be used.
- derivatives represented by compounds (41) to (54) can be obtained using any one of production methods 1 to 11 described below using compound (40) as a starting material.
- Production method 1 The above compound (40) is hydrogenated in a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium carbon, palladium hydroxide, Raney-kettle, at room temperature or under heating conditions. As a result, the compound (46) which is a dihydro form can be obtained.
- a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran
- Production method 2 Compound (40) above in a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or tetrahydrofuran, sodium borohydride, sodium trimethoxyborohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, lithium borohydride, hydrogenated
- a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or tetrahydrofuran
- sodium borohydride sodium trimethoxyborohydride
- sodium cyanoborohydride sodium cyanoborohydride
- lithium borohydride hydrogenated
- the compound (47) which is an alcohol form can be obtained by reduction at room temperature or under cooling conditions in the presence of a reducing agent such as sodium jetyl aluminum or lithium aluminum hydride.
- Production method 3 The above compound (40) is treated in a solvent such as methanol, dioxane, tetrahydrate, furan or water in the presence of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid or the like at room temperature or under cooling conditions. As a result, a dealkylated compound (48) and the like can be obtained. Further, the compound (48) is allowed to react at room temperature or in the presence of a catalyst such as radium carbon, palladium hydroxide, Raney-kettle, platinum oxide in a solvent such as methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, or tetrahydrate-furan.
- the compound (49) which is a dihydro form can be obtained by hydrogenation under the following conditions.
- Production method 4 The above compound (48) etc. is present in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, etc., in a solvent such as dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydride mouth furan, etc.
- a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, etc.
- a solvent such as dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydride mouth furan, etc.
- Tetraalkyl, tetraalkyl, and tetraalkyl isomers can be synthesized by treating with an alkylating agent such as alkyl halide, aryl halide, and alkyl halide at room temperature or under heating conditions.
- This compound is treated in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, etc., in a solvent such as methanol, dioxane, tetrahydride furan, water, etc. at room temperature or under heating conditions. By doing so, it is possible to synthesize compounds that are alkyl, alkyl, and alkenyl compounds.
- a base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, etc.
- a solvent such as methanol, dioxane, tetrahydride furan, water, etc.
- Production method 6 The above compound (40) is mixed with methanol, ethanol, Compound that is tetrahydro form by hydrogenation at room temperature or under heating condition in the presence of catalyst such as noradium carbon, palladium hydroxide, Raney-kettle, platinum oxide, etc. in solvent such as ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, etc. A thing (51) etc. can be obtained.
- catalyst such as noradium carbon, palladium hydroxide, Raney-kettle, platinum oxide, etc.
- solvent such as ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, etc.
- Production method 7 The above compound (40) is reacted with various alcohols (R—OH) with a condensing agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) in a solvent such as tetrahydrated furan, DMF and dichloromethane.
- a condensing agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC)
- DCC dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
- the corresponding triester (R ⁇ R ⁇ RR) can be obtained at room temperature or under heating conditions.
- the compound (40) is treated with amide dihydro form trimethylsilyl diazomethane (TM SCHN) in a mixed solvent such as methanol and dichloromethane to obtain a trimethyl ester form (R ⁇ R ⁇ R ⁇ CH). be able to.
- TM SCHN trimethylsilyl diazomethane
- Production method 8 By treating the trimethyl ester obtained in production method 7 with hydrazine derivatives such as 4 toluenesulfurhydrazide in a solvent such as methanol, ethanol and butanol, the corresponding hydrazide is obtained at room temperature or under heating conditions. After treating the hydrazide with a reducing agent such as force tecole borane, the presence of a base such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide, in a solvent such as ethanol, methanol and water at room temperature. Alternatively, a deketo compound (52) or the like can be obtained under heating conditions.
- a base such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide
- Process 9 Corresponding oxime ether by treating the above compound (40) with hydroxylamine or various O-substituted hydroxylamines in the presence of pyridine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, etc. at room temperature or under heating conditions. Further, compounds (53), (54) and the like which are oximes can be obtained.
- Production method 10 The above compound (40) can be treated with jetylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST) or the like in a solvent such as tetrano, iodofuran, dichloromethane or chloroform to obtain a halide.
- Production method 11 Sodium cyanoborohydride or the above amine (40) and various amines in a solvent such as ethanol, methanol, and tetrahydran furan under neutral or weakly acidic conditions at room temperature or under heating conditions.
- Examples of the compound that suppresses the expression of serine palmitoyltransferase of the present invention include RNA complementary to a transcription product of DNA encoding serylpalmitoyltransferase, or a ribozyme that specifically cleaves the transcription product. be able to.
- the origin of serine palmitoyltransferase whose expression is suppressed is not particularly limited, but is preferably derived from a mammal, and more preferably derived from a human.
- DNA encoding serine palmitoyltransferase DNA encoding a DNA having a nucleotide sequence ability described in SEQ ID NO: 4 or 6 (LCB1 or LCB2), DNA encoding an amino acid sequence ability described in SEQ ID NO: 5 or 7, And naturally-derived DNA that encodes a protein having an amino acid sequence ability in which one or more amino acids are substituted, deleted, added, and / or inserted in the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5 or 7. .
- “Proteins with one or more amino acid substitutions, deletions, attached calories, and Z or inserted amino acid sequences” have the same functions as natural proteins and have high homology. is there. High homology means at least 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more (for example, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more) of the entire amino acid sequence. Refers to sequence identity.
- the naturally-derived DNA is a DNA that hybridizes to the DNA having the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4 or 6.
- the conditions in the hybridization can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art. In the post-hybridization washing, for example, the conditions are 42 ° C., 5 ⁇ SSC, 0.1% SDS, preferably 50 The conditions are ° C, 5 X SSC, 0.1% SDS. More preferable hybridization conditions are, for example, 65 ° C., 0.1 ⁇ SSC, and 0.1% SDS.
- the RNA complementary to the transcription product of DNA encoding serine palmitoyltransferase includes siRNAs represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2.
- the compound of the present invention includes a sulfin, which is an intermediate stage in the process of sphingolipid biosynthesis.
- a sulfin which is an intermediate stage in the process of sphingolipid biosynthesis.
- examples include compounds that block the biosynthesis process of dihydroceramide such as ganin (dihydrosphingosine).
- examples of the compound that blocks the biosynthetic process include a compound that inhibits the enzymatic activity of dihydrosphingosine N-acyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis, or a compound that suppresses the expression of dihydrosphingosine N-sacyltransferase.
- the compound of the present invention that inhibits the enzyme activity of dihydrosphingosine 1-N-acyltransferase may be any compound as long as it inhibits the enzyme activity, preferably fumocin. Mention may be made of B1 or derivatives thereof.
- the compound that suppresses the expression of dihydrosphingosine N-acyltransferase of the present invention includes RNA complementary to a transcription product of DNA encoding dihydrosphingosine N-sacyltransferase, or the transcription. There may be mentioned ribozymes that specifically cleave the product.
- Examples of the compound of the present invention include compounds that block the process of biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from ceramide, which is an intermediate stage of the process of biosynthesis of sphingolipid.
- Examples of the compound that blocks the biosynthetic process include compounds that inhibit the enzyme activity of sphingomyelin synthase involved in the biosynthesis, or compounds that suppress the expression of sphingomyelin synthase.
- the compound that inhibits the enzyme activity of sphingomyelin synthase of the present invention may be any compound that inhibits the enzyme activity.
- the compound that suppresses the expression of sphingomyelin synthase of the present invention includes RNA complementary to the transcription product of DNA encoding sphingomyelin synthase, or a ribozyme that specifically cleaves the transcript.
- the DNA encoding the sphingomyelin synthase is DNA having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8, DNA encoding the protein having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9, and SEQ ID NO: 9.
- naturally-occurring DNA encoding a protein having an amino acid sequence ability in which one or a plurality of amino acids are substituted, deleted, added, and / or inserted.
- suppressing enzyme expression includes suppression of gene transcription and tampering. Inhibiting translation into the quality. It also includes a decrease in expression as well as complete cessation of DNA expression.
- RNA complementary to the transcript of the DNA encoding the enzyme is an antisense RNA complementary to the transcript of the DNA encoding the enzyme.
- the antisense sequence used in the present invention may suppress the expression of the target gene by any of the actions described above.
- designing an antisense sequence complementary to the untranslated region near the 5 ′ end of the mRNA of a gene would be effective for inhibiting translation of the gene.
- sequences complementary to the coding region or the 3 ′ untranslated region can also be used.
- the DNA containing the antisense sequence of the sequence of the untranslated region as well as the translated region of the gene is also included in the antisense DNA used in the present invention.
- the antisense DNA to be used is linked downstream of an appropriate promoter, and preferably a sequence containing a transcription termination signal is linked on the 3 ′ side.
- the DNA thus prepared can be transformed into a desired plant by a known method.
- the antisense DNA sequence is preferably complementary to the endogenous gene or part of the plant to be transformed U, but is completely complementary as long as it can effectively inhibit gene expression. It does not have to be.
- Transcribed RNA is targeted It preferably has 90% or more complementarity, most preferably 95% or more complementarity to the gene transcript.
- the length of the antisense DNA is at least 15 bases, preferably 100 bases or more, more preferably 500 bases or more. is there. Usually, the length of the antisense DNA used is shorter than 5 kb, preferably shorter than 2.5 kb!
- RNA complementary to the transcript of the DNA encoding the enzyme is a dsRNA complementary to the transcript of the DNA encoding the enzyme.
- RNAi is a phenomenon in which when a double-stranded RNA (hereinafter referred to as dsRNA) having the same or similar sequence as the target gene sequence is introduced into a cell, the expression of the introduced foreign gene and target endogenous gene are both suppressed.
- dsRNA double-stranded RNA
- Dicer RNaselll-like nuclease called Dicer with a helicase domain is present in the presence of ATP
- dsRNA is about 21 to 23 base pairs from the 3 'end.
- siRNA short interference RNA
- a protein specific to this siRNA binds to form a nuclease complex (RISC: RNA-induced silencing complex).
- RISC RNA-induced silencing complex
- This complex recognizes and binds to the same sequence as siRNA, and cleaves the mRNA of the target gene at the center of the siRNA by R Naselll-like enzyme activity.
- the antisense strand of siRNA binds to mRNA and acts as a primer for RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RsRP) to synthesize dsRNA.
- RsRP RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
- the RNA of the present invention comprises an antisense coding DNA that encodes an antisense RNA for any region of the target gene mRNA, and a sense code DNA that encodes a sense RNA in any region of the target gene mRNA! It can be expressed more. DsRNA can also be prepared from these antisense RNAs and sense RNAs.
- the structure of the dsRNA expression system of the present invention when the vector or the like is maintained includes an antisense RNA and a sense RNA from the same vector and an antisense RNA and a sense RNA, respectively. May be expressed.
- a configuration in which antisense RNA and sense RNA are expressed from the same vector is a short RNA such as a polIII system upstream of the antisense code DNA and the sense code DNA.
- An antisense RNA expression cassette and a sense RNA expression cassette linked with a promoter capable of expressing the RNA can be constructed, and these cassettes can be inserted into the vector in the same direction or in the opposite direction.
- RNA-encoding DNA double-stranded DNA
- antisense RNA coding strand and a sense RNA coding strand are paired
- antisense RNA and sense RNA are passed from each strand on both sides.
- a promoter is provided oppositely so that it can be expressed.
- a terminator is attached to the 3 'end of each strand (antisense RNA coding strand, sense RNA coding strand) in order to avoid adding an extra sequence downstream of the sense RNA and antisense RNA.
- this terminator a sequence in which four or more A (adenine) bases are continued can be used.
- a promoter capable of expressing a short RNA such as polIII system is linked upstream of the antisense code DNA and the sense code DNA, respectively.
- An antisense RNA expression cassette and a sense RNA expression cassette can be constructed, and these cassettes can be held in different vectors.
- siRNA may be used as dsRNA.
- siRNAj means a double-stranded RNA having a short-strength strength in a range that does not show toxicity in cells, for example, 15 to 49 base pairs, preferably 15 to 35 base pairs, and more preferably 21
- the length of the final double-stranded RNA portion when the expressed siRNA is transcribed can be, for example, 15-49 base pairs, preferably 15-35 base pairs, More preferably, it can be 21 to 30 base pairs.
- the DNA used for RNAi need not be completely identical to the target gene, but at least 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, most preferably 95% or more of sequence homology. Have sex.
- the unpaired portion may be contained due to mismatch (the corresponding base is not complementary), bulge (there is no base corresponding to one strand), or the like.
- both bulges and mismatches may be contained in the double-stranded RNA region where RNAs in dsRNA pair with each other.
- Ribozyme refers to an RNA molecule having catalytic activity. Some ribozymes have a variety of activities. Among them, research on ribozymes as enzymes that cleave RNA has made it possible to design ribozymes for the purpose of site-specific cleavage of RNA. Some ribozymes have a group I intron type or a force hammerhead type or hairpin type having an active domain of about 40 nucleotides such as M1RNA contained in RNaseP having a size of 400 nucleotides or more.
- the self-cleaving domain of the hammerhead ribozyme cleaves on the 3 'side of C15 of G13U14C15, but it is important for U14 to base pair with A at position 9 for activity. It has been shown that the base of can be cleaved by A or U in addition to C.
- the ribozyme substrate binding site is designed to be complementary to the RNA sequence in the vicinity of the target site, a restriction enzyme-like RNA cleavage ribozyme that recognizes the UC, UU or UA and ⁇ ⁇ sequences in the target RNA is created. It is possible. For example, there are a plurality of sites that can be targets in the coding region of the enzyme of the present invention that is an inhibition target.
- Hairpin ribozymes are also useful for the purposes of the present invention. Hairpin-type ribozymes are found, for example, in the minus strand of satellite RNA of tobacco ring spot wingless (J.M.Buzayan Nature 323: 349, 1986). This ribozyme has also been shown to be designed to cause target-specific RNA cleavage.
- Ribozymes designed to cleave targets are linked to promoters such as the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and transcription termination sequences so that they are transcribed in plant cells.
- promoters such as the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and transcription termination sequences so that they are transcribed in plant cells.
- ribozyme activity may be lost if extra sequences are added to the 5 'or 3' end of the transcribed RNA.
- another trimming ribozyme that acts as a cis for trimming is provided on the 5 ′ side or 3 ′ side of the ribozyme part.
- treatment refers to the disappearance or reduction of HCV, the suppression of further spread of HCV, or the infection of HCV by administering the drug of the present invention to a subject. Means alleviation of symptoms.
- Symptoms caused by HCV infection preferably include hepatitis C, cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, and liver cancer.
- the compound of the present invention can be used in medicine as it is or as a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
- the salt is not particularly limited as long as it is pharmacologically acceptable.
- salts with mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrobromic acid; acetic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid , Succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, salt with organic acid such as camphorsulfonic acid; sodium, potassium, calcium, etc.
- salts with alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as camphorsulfonic acid; sodium, potassium, calcium, etc.
- the amount of the active ingredient-compound contained in the above pharmaceutical preparation is not particularly limited, and is a force appropriately selected within a wide range. For example, 0.1 to 99.5 wt%, preferably 0.5 to 90 wt% %.
- the compound of the present invention is used as a main agent according to a conventional method, and pharmaceutical preparation technical fields such as excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, flavoring agents, solubilizers, suspension agents, coating agents, etc.
- pharmaceutical preparation technical fields such as excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, flavoring agents, solubilizers, suspension agents, coating agents, etc.
- it can be formulated using known adjuvants that can be usually used.
- conventionally known carriers can be widely used as carriers, such as lactose, sucrose, sodium salt sodium chloride, glucose, urea, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, crystalline cellulose, and key acids.
- Excipients such as water, ethanol, propanol, simple syrup, glucose solution, starch solution, gelatin solution, binders such as carboxymethylcellulose, shellac, methylcellulose, potassium phosphate, polybutylpyrrolidone; dry starch, sodium alginate Disintegrants such as lithium, agar powder, laminaran powder, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearic acid monoglyceride, starch, lactose; white sugar, stearin, cocoa butter, hydrogenated oil, etc.
- binders such as carboxymethylcellulose, shellac, methylcellulose, potassium phosphate, polybutylpyrrolidone
- dry starch sodium alginate Disintegrants such as lithium, agar powder, laminaran powder, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sodium lauryl sulfate, stea
- Disintegration inhibitors such as sodium lauryl sulfate; humectants such as glycerin and starch; adsorbents such as starch, lactose, kaolin, bentonite and colloidal carboxylic acid; purified talc And lubricants such as stearate, boric acid powder, and polyethylene glycol.
- absorption promoters such as sodium lauryl sulfate
- humectants such as glycerin and starch
- adsorbents such as starch, lactose, kaolin, bentonite and colloidal carboxylic acid
- purified talc And lubricants such as stearate, boric acid powder, and polyethylene glycol.
- the tablets can be made into tablets with ordinary coatings, for example, sugar-coated tablets, gelatin-encapsulated tablets, enteric-coated tablets, film-coated tablets or double tablets, and multilayer tablets as necessary.
- those conventionally known in this field can be widely used as a carrier.
- excipients such as glucose, lactose, cocoa butter, starch, hydrogenated vegetable oil, kaolin, and tar
- binders such as tragacanth powder, gelatin and ethanol
- disintegrants such as laminaran agar.
- conventionally known carriers can be widely used as carriers, such as polyethylene glycol, cocoa butter, higher alcohols, higher alcohol esters, gelatin, semi-synthetic glycerides and the like. it can.
- solutions and suspensions should be sterilized and used as diluents in the form of these solutions, emulsions and suspensions, which are preferably isotonic with blood. Any of those commonly used in this field can be used, and examples thereof include water, ethanol, propylene glycol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxylated isostearyl alcohol, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters.
- a sufficient amount of sodium chloride, glucose, or glycerin to prepare an isotonic solution may be contained in the pharmaceutical preparation, and a normal solubilizing agent, buffering agent, soothing agent may be used.
- An agent or the like may be added.
- it may contain colorants, preservatives, fragrances, flavors, sweeteners, and other medicines as necessary.
- the pharmaceutical composition is preferably administered in a dosage unit form, such as oral administration, tissue administration (subcutaneous administration, intramuscular administration, intravenous administration, etc.), local administration (transdermal administration, etc.) Can be administered rectally.
- a dosage unit form such as oral administration, tissue administration (subcutaneous administration, intramuscular administration, intravenous administration, etc.), local administration (transdermal administration, etc.) Can be administered rectally.
- the pharmaceutical composition is an agent suitable for these administration methods. Of course, it is administered in a mold.
- the dose as an antiviral agent is determined by the patient's condition such as age and weight, administration route, nature and degree of the disease.
- the amount of the active ingredient of the present invention is 0.1 to 2000 mg per day for adults. In some cases, doses below the above range may be sufficient. Conversely, doses exceeding the above range may be required. When administering a large amount, it is desirable to divide the dose into several times a day.
- the above oral administration can be carried out in solid, powder or liquid dosage units, for example, powders, powders, tablets, dragees, capsules, drops, sublinguals, other dosage forms, etc. I can.
- the intra-tissue administration can be performed, for example, by using a liquid dosage unit form for subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous injection such as a solution or suspension. These are obtained by suspending or dissolving a certain amount of a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in a non-toxic liquid carrier suitable for injection purposes such as an aqueous or oily medium, and the like. Manufactured by sterilizing the above suspension or solution.
- the topical administration can be carried out by using a form of external preparation such as a liquid, cream, powder, paste, gel, ointment and the like.
- a form of external preparation such as a liquid, cream, powder, paste, gel, ointment and the like.
- These compounds can be used to convert a certain amount of the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof into a fragrance, a colorant, a filler, a surfactant, a moisturizer, an emollient, a gelling agent that is suitable for the purpose of external preparation.
- a form of external preparation such as a liquid, cream, powder, paste, gel, ointment and the like.
- These compounds can be used to convert a certain amount of the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof into a fragrance, a colorant, a filler, a surfactant, a moisturizer, an emollient, a gelling agent that is suitable for the purpose of external preparation.
- the above-mentioned rectal administration is carried out by subjecting a certain amount of the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for example, higher esters such as palmitic acid myristyl ester, polyethylene glycol, cocoa butter, and mixtures thereof. It can be carried out using a suppository mixed in a low-melting-point solid that has the same power.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for example, higher esters such as palmitic acid myristyl ester, polyethylene glycol, cocoa butter, and mixtures thereof. It can be carried out using a suppository mixed in a low-melting-point solid that has the same power.
- the administration can be carried out by using a liquid dosage unit form for subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous injection such as a solution or suspension. These are used for determining a certain amount of the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof such as an aqueous or oily medium. Manufactured by suspending or dissolving in a non-toxic liquid carrier suitable for injection purposes and then sterilizing the suspension or solution.
- the present invention relates to a serine palmitolyltransferase inhibitor comprising a compound represented by formula (I) or a derivative thereof.
- the present invention also relates to a serine normitoyltransferase inhibitor comprising a compound represented by the formula (II) or a derivative thereof.
- the inhibitor is not only used as a drug for preventing or treating HCV infection.
- Diseases caused by abnormal sphingolipid synthesis for example, sphingolipidosis, Argno-Ima disease involving beta-amyloid protein with an ingolipid binding motif, increased ceramide in spinal motor neurons L # Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis causing transcellular death (Cutler, RG, et al., Ann. Neurol, 52, 448-457, 2002), HIV infections involving gpl20 protein, and prion diseases involving PrP protein, viral infections that bind rafts and infect host cells (eg influenza, HIV ) And other useful preventive or therapeutic agents.
- sphingolipidosis Argno-Ima disease involving beta-amyloid protein with an ingolipid binding motif
- increased ceramide in spinal motor neurons L # Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis causing transcellular death (Cutler, RG, et al., Ann. Neurol, 52, 448-457,
- the present invention relates to a method for screening a drug for treating or preventing HCV infection.
- a test compound is brought into contact with an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from palmitoyl CoA.
- Enzyme involved in biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from palmitoyl CoA in the screening method of the present invention refers to serine palmitoyl transfer. Examples include enzymes, 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase, dihydrosphingosine mono-N-sacyltransferase, dihydroceramide desaturase, and sphingomyelin synthase.
- the origin of these enzymes is not particularly limited. For example, these enzymes may be derived from yeasts or mammals including humans.
- the state of the biosynthetic enzyme used in the first embodiment is not particularly limited, for example, it may be a purified state, a state expressed in a cell, a state expressed in a cell extract, or the like. Good.
- the cell expressing the biosynthetic enzyme include a cell expressing an endogenous biosynthetic enzyme or a cell expressing an exogenous biosynthetic enzyme.
- Examples of cells that express a endogenous biosynthetic enzyme can include cultured cells, but are not limited thereto. For example, commercially available cells can be used as the cultured cells.
- the cell expressing the exogenous biosynthetic enzyme can be prepared, for example, by introducing a vector containing DNA encoding the biosynthetic enzyme into the cell. Introduction of the vector into the cells can be carried out by a general method, for example, phosphoric acid precipitation method, electric pulse perforation method, ribophetamine method, microinjection method and the like.
- the biological species from which the cells into which such exogenous biosynthetic enzymes are introduced are not limited to mammals, and any biological species that has established a technique for expressing foreign proteins in cells can be used. ,.
- Examples of cell extracts expressing biosynthetic enzymes include cells obtained by adding a vector containing DNA encoding biosynthetic enzymes to cell extracts contained in an in vitro transcription / translation system. .
- the in vitro transcription / translation system it is possible to use a commercially available in vitro transcription / translation kit without particular limitation.
- test compound in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, for example, natural compounds, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, proteins, single compounds such as peptides, and compound libraries. Gene library expression products, cell extracts, cell culture supernatants, fermentation microorganism products, marine organism extracts, plant extracts, prokaryotic cell extracts, eukaryotic single cell extracts or animal cell extracts, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the above test compound can be appropriately labeled and used as necessary. Examples of the label include a radiolabel and a fluorescent label.
- the “plurality of test compounds” is not particularly limited. For example, in addition to the above test compounds, a mixture of a plurality of these test compounds is also included.
- “contact” is performed according to the state of the biosynthetic enzyme.
- the biosynthetic enzyme if it is in a purified state, it can be carried out by adding a test compound to the purified sample.
- it is a state expressed in a cell or a state expressed in a cell extract, it can be carried out by adding a test compound to the cell culture solution or the cell extract, respectively.
- the cell in the present invention is not particularly limited, but a cell derived from a mammal including yeast or human is preferable.
- test compound is a protein
- a vector containing DNA encoding the protein is introduced into a cell in which a biosynthetic enzyme is expressed, or the vector is expressed by a biosynthetic enzyme! It can also be done by adding to the cell extract. Further, for example, a 2-node or hybrid method using yeast or animal cells can be used.
- the binding between the biosynthetic enzyme and the test compound is then detected.
- the means for detecting or measuring the binding between the proteins can be performed, for example, by using a label attached to the protein.
- the type of label include a fluorescent label and a radiolabel.
- it can also be measured by a known method such as an enzyme two-hybrid method or a measurement method using BIACORE.
- a test compound bound to the biosynthetic enzyme is then selected.
- the selected test compounds include drugs for treating or preventing HCV infection.
- a test compound is contacted with a cell holding an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from palmitoyl CoA.
- biosynthetic enzyme and “test compound” and “contact” are as described above.
- the amount of the compound synthesized from palmitoyl CoA in the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin is measured in the following manner.
- a compound to be synthesized it is possible to include intermediate products such as 3-ketodihydrosphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, dihydroceramide, ceramide, etc. More preferably, the final product, sphingomyelin can be mentioned.
- the quantification of the synthesized compound can be measured by a known method such as GC-MS method, MS-MS method, LC-MS method.
- the quantification can also be performed by quantifying the phosphoric acid in the phospholipid.
- the test compound is then used to treat or prevent HCV infection when the amount of the synthesized compound is reduced compared to when the test compound is not contacted. Select as a drug.
- test compound is contacted with a cell holding an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from palmitoyl CoA.
- biosynthetic enzyme and test compound and contact are as described above.
- the expression level of an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis process of sphingomyelin is then measured from palmitoyl CoA.
- the expression level of the biosynthetic enzyme can be measured by methods known to those skilled in the art. For example, the mRNA level of the biosynthetic enzyme is extracted according to a standard method, and the transcription level of the gene is measured by carrying out the Northern hybridization method or RT-PCR method using this mRNA as a saddle type. Can do. Furthermore, the expression level of the biosynthetic enzyme can be measured using DNA array technology.
- the fraction containing the biosynthetic enzyme is collected according to a standard method, and the expression level of the biosynthetic enzyme is detected by electrophoresis such as SDS-PAGE to measure the translation level of the gene. You can also. It is also possible to measure the translation level of a gene by performing Western blotting using an antibody against the biosynthetic enzyme and detecting the expression of the biosynthetic enzyme.
- the antibody used for detection of the biosynthetic enzyme is not particularly limited as long as it is a detectable antibody.
- a monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal antibody can be used.
- the antibody can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art.
- a polyclonal antibody can be obtained as follows. A recombinant protein expressed in a microorganism such as Escherichia coli or a partial peptide thereof as a fusion protein with the biosynthetic enzyme or GST is immunized to a small animal such as a rabbit and serum is obtained.
- This is prepared by, for example, purifying with ammonium sulfate precipitation, protein A, protein G column, DEAE ion exchange chromatography, affinity column coupled with the biosynthetic enzyme or synthetic peptide, or the like.
- a monoclonal antibody for example, the biosynthetic enzyme or a partial peptide thereof is immunized to a small animal such as a mouse, the spleen is removed from the mouse, and this is ground to separate the cells.
- a mouse myeloma cell is fused with a reagent such as polyethylene glycol, and a clone producing an antibody that binds to the biosynthetic enzyme is selected from the resulting fusion cells (hybridoma).
- the resulting monoclonal antibody is purified by, for example, ammonium sulfate precipitation, protein A, protein G column, DEAE ion exchange chromatography, affinity column coupled with the biosynthetic enzyme or synthetic peptide, or the like.
- Ammonium sulfate precipitation protein A
- protein G column DEAE ion exchange chromatography
- affinity column coupled with the biosynthetic enzyme or synthetic peptide, or the like.
- the test compound when the expression level of the biosynthetic enzyme is decreased compared to when the test compound is not contacted, the test compound is treated or prevented for HCV infection. Select as a drug for.
- a cell or a cell extract having DNA to which a reporter gene is functionally linked downstream of the promoter region of the biosynthetic enzyme is provided.
- operably linked means that the biosynthetic enzyme promoter is such that expression of the reporter gene is induced by binding of a transcription factor to the promoter region of the biosynthetic enzyme. The region and the reporter gene are bound together. Therefore, even when the reporter gene is linked to another gene and forms a fusion protein with another gene product, the transcription factor must bind to the promoter region of the biosynthetic enzyme. Therefore, any expression that induces the expression of the fusion protein is included in the meaning of “functionally linked”.
- the reporter gene is not particularly limited as long as its expression is detectable.
- a CAT gene for example, a lacZ gene, a luciferase gene, a / 3-Darc mouth that is commonly used by those skilled in the art.
- -Dase gene (GUS) and GFP gene are examples of the test compound.
- the test compound is then brought into contact with the cells or the cell extract.
- the expression level of the reporter gene in the cell or the cell extract is measured. The description of “test compound” and “contact” is as described above.
- the expression level of the reporter gene can be measured by methods known to those skilled in the art depending on the type of reporter gene used. For example, when the reporter gene is a CAT gene, the expression level of the reporter gene can be measured by detecting the acetyl chloride of chloramphee-coal by the gene product.
- the one-ter gene is a lacZ gene
- the fluorescent compound by the catalytic action of the gene expression product
- the fluorescent compound by the catalytic action of the gene expression product
- the reporter gene by detecting the coloration of the mouth-3-indolyl-13-dalk mouth (X-Glue) and, in the case of the GFP gene, the fluorescence of the GFP protein The level can be measured.
- the test compound is used for treating or preventing HCV infection when the expression level of the reporter gene is decreased compared to when the test compound is not contacted.
- Select as a drug is used for treating or preventing HCV infection when the expression level of the reporter gene is decreased compared to when the test compound is not contacted.
- test compound is brought into contact with an enzyme involved in biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from palmitoyl CoA.
- an enzyme involved in biosynthesis of sphingomyelin from palmitoyl CoA The description of the biosynthetic enzyme and the “test compound” and “contact” are as described above.
- the activity of the biosynthetic enzyme is measured as follows.
- Biosynthetic enzyme activity can be measured by a known method for each enzyme.
- an activity measurement method is used in which the difference in spectroscopic properties between the substrate and the product is used to measure the change over time. (Amino acid residue, coenzyme, etc.) may be selected as a method for more directly measuring the enzymatic reaction using the stop flow method or various relaxation methods. Examples of spectroscopic methods used for measuring activity include absorption, fluorescence, CD, NMR, ESR, IR, and Raman.
- the test compound is then selected as an agent for treating or preventing HCV infection when the activity of the biosynthetic enzyme is reduced compared to when the test compound is not contacted. .
- the present invention relates to a kit for use in the five screening methods described above.
- kits may include those used in the detection and measurement steps of the five screening methods described above.
- palmitoyl CoA force Probes for example, palmitoyl CoA force Probes, primers, anti-antigens required to measure the expression level of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin Body, staining solution, and the like.
- distilled water, salt, buffer solution, protein stabilizer, preservative and the like may be contained.
- Example 1 Measurement of HCV RNA replication inhibitory activity of a compound represented by the formula (II) derived from microorganisms such as Myriocin or Aureobasidium by Northern blot analysis
- Myriocin or a compound represented by the following formula (II) was given to replicon cells Huh-3-l in the range of ⁇ to lOOuM, and cultured at 37 ° C in the presence of 5% CO.
- PBS Phosphate buffered saline
- Phosphate solution 50 mM Tris—HCl (pH 7.5), 0.5% Triton, 3 mM EDTA, 150 mM NaCl, 12 mM glycerophosphate, 50 mM NaF, 1 mM Na VO, 0.5 mM PMSF, 0.5 mM aporotinin
- Pipette 50 mM Tris—HCl (pH 7.5), 0.5% Triton, 3 mM EDTA, 150 mM NaCl, 12 mM glycerophosphate, 50 mM NaF, 1 mM Na VO, 0.5 mM PMSF, 0.5 mM aporotinin
- the electrophoresed protein was transferred to a membrane (PROTRAN BA85, Nitrocellulose transfer membrane (Shleicher & Schue 11 # 10401196) in a mini-trans blot cell (BIO-RAD # l 70-3930) using an anti-NS3 Usagi antibody derived from HCV protein.
- Western analysis was performed using anti-actin heron antibody as an internal standard, and as a result, the compound represented by myriocin and formula (II) was found to have an effect of reducing HCV protein expression by 50% at a concentration of 1-lOnM. (Figs. 4 and 5).
- HCV replicon inhibitory activity of fumonisin B1 which specifically inhibits dihydrosphingosine synthase, which produces dihydrosphingosine, a dihydroceramide, was measured.
- Firefly luciferase HCV replicon cells (Huh-3-1) were suspended in Dulbecco's MEM (G3 ⁇ 4co cat. No. 10569) containing 5% urine fetal serum (Hyclone cat. No. SH30071.03). The well plate was seeded with 5000 cells ZWell and cultured overnight at 37 ° C with 5% CO. About 20 hours later
- Thin B1 was diluted three-fold in order, and adjusted to a final concentration of 1.37 uM to lOOOOuM, and further cultured for 3 days. Two assembly plates were prepared, one for the white plate and the other for the clear plate. After completion of the culture, the white plate was used for Steady-Glo Luciferase Assay System (Promega cat. No. E2520). That is, 100 ⁇ l of reagent was added per well, mixed 3-4 times with a pipette, allowed to stand for 5 minutes, and then luminescence was measured with 1450 MicroBeta TRILUX (WALLAC).
- WALLAC MicroBeta TRILUX
- the IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of the drug was calculated by subtracting all values from the value with no cell added as the background and the value with no drug added as 0% inhibition.
- Cell's Count Kit 8 (DOJIN Laboratories, cat.No.341-07771) was put in 10 ⁇ l per well, mixed 3-4 times with a pipette, and left at OD450nm power of about 1.0 after being left for about 30 minutes. It measured when it became.
- the IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of the drug was calculated by subtracting all values from the value with no added cells as the background and the value with no drug added as 0% inhibition.
- fumosin B1 exhibits HCV replicon inhibitory activity at a concentration of 10-lOOOOM (Fig. 6).
- LCB1 SPT SiRNA targeting 1 subunit of the heterodimer was synthesized.
- Two specific siRNAs (si246, si633) were designed based on the LCBlcDNA sequence (GenBank Accession No. Y08685) and synthesized by Qiagen.
- SEQ ID NO: 3 As a control siRNA (SEQ ID NO: 3), a sequence that does not affect the expression of LC B1 was used.
- the synthesized siRNA sequences are shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 (si246) and SEQ ID NO: 2.
- 1.2 ⁇ 10 5 Huh-3-l cells were seeded in a 6-well plate and cultured at 37 ° C. and 5%.
- the siRNA was culled to a final concentration of 35 nM and cultured for 4 days.
- Cell lysis buffer 50 mM Tris-HC1 (pH 7.5), 0.5% Triton, 3 mM EDTA, 1 50 mM NaCl, 12 mM glycerophosphate, 50 mM NaF, 1 mM Na ⁇ O ⁇ , 0.5 (MmPMSF, 0.5 mM aporotinin) and left on ice for 10 minutes. The supernatant was collected by centrifugation at 15,000 X g for 10 minutes.
- Example 5 Based on the results of Example 5, the effects of cell toxicity and HCV levulincon activity under conditions where Huh-3-l cells decrease LCB1 expression were measured by the following methods. That is, 3500 cells per well were seeded in a 96-well plate and cultured at 37 ° C and 5%. Add 1.75 L of 2 M 3 « ⁇ to 23.3 ⁇ L of ECR buffer (buffered in RNAiFect Kit), mix vigorously, and add 0.31 ⁇ L of RNAiFect transfection reagent gently. And allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 minutes. siRNA was added to a final concentration of 35 nM and cultured for 4 days.
- the cells treated with si246 and si633 that suppressed the expression of LCB1 significantly inhibited the HCV replicon activity compared to the cells treated with control siRNA.
- This inhibitory effect was strongly observed with si246, which strongly suppressed the expression of LCB1.
- the cytotoxicity of siRNA treatment was examined. Almost no effect was observed.
- the HCV replicon assay and cytotoxicity test were conducted on the compounds represented by formula (I) or their derivatives.
- HCV-RNA in which a firefly-derived luciferase gene was introduced as a reporter gene was constructed.
- Krieger et al. J. According to the method of Virol. 75: 4614
- the luciferase gene was introduced in the form of fusing with the neomycin resistance gene directly under the IRES (Internal Ribosome Entry Site) of the HCV gene.
- the RNA was synthesized in vitro, then introduced into Huh7 cells by the electopore method, and isolated as a G418 metaclone.
- Firefly 'Luciferase HCV replicon cells (Huh-3-l) were suspended in Dulbecco's MEM (Gibco cat. No. 10569-010) containing 5% urine fetal serum (Hyclone cat. No. SH30071.03). Seed the well plate with 5000 cells Zwell, 5% CO
- Cell counting kit-8 (Dojindo catalog No. CK04) was used for the measurement of cytotoxicity. That is, 10 1 Cell counting kit-8 was added to a clear plate and incubated at 37 degrees for 30-60 minutes. Absorbance was measured with a 96-well plate reader at a wavelength of 450 and a control wavelength of 630 nm. All values were subtracted from the value with no cell added, and the CC (50% cell inhibitory concentration) of the drug was calculated with the value without drug added as 0% inhibition.
- Example 8 Inhibition of HCV levulincon by a compound represented by formula (II) and toxicity to host cells
- HCV replicon cells were treated with the compound represented by the formula (II) at the concentration shown in FIG. 9, and the replicon replication inhibitory activity and cell survival inhibitory activity were measured.
- Lebricon's Le, Nofev ' ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 "' Sex ⁇ MA Steady— GLO luciferase assay system Promega, cat. No. E2510) No.3 41-07761
- HCV replicon cells were treated with 100 nM of the compound represented by formula (II) for 96 hours, and then the cells were fixed with 3.7% formaldehyde. After blocking with 3% BSA and incubating with NS3 antibody (provided by F. Hoffman Laroche), the washed cells were incubated with Texas-Red labeled Usagi IgG (Molecular probe) and analyzed with a fluorescence microscope (Fig. Ten). As a result, as shown in Fig. 10, the HCV-NS3 protein disappeared due to the addition of the compound represented by the force formula (II) present around the nucleus (the part shown in white is the NS3 protein). The part shown in gray shows the nucleus stained with Hoechst 33342 (Sigma, cat. No. B2261).)
- Replicon cells were treated with 100 nM of the compound represented by formula (II) for the times shown in FIG. 11 (48 hours and 96 hours).
- the Western plot analysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 5.
- the non-structural proteins NS3, NS5A, and NS5B of HCV were detected with each antibody in a time-dependent manner.
- LCBl and LCB2 cDNAs were obtained from human liver cDNA library (Clontech, cat. No. 639307) by RT-PCR, and His-tagged pBudCE4.1 vector (Invitogen, cat. No. V532-20) ).
- the gene was introduced into HEK293 cells (ATCC, cat. No. CRL-1573). After 72 hours, the cells were lysed, and the protein was purified with N ⁇ NTA agarose (Qiagen, cat. No. 1018244).
- SPT activity is reaction buffer [200 mM HEPES buffer (pH 8.0), 5 mM EDTA, 10 mM DTT, 0.05 mM pyridoxal 5 -phosphate, 0.2 mM palmitoy CoA, 0.1 mM L-serine, and 1 mCi [3 H] Serine (Amer sham, cat. no. TRK308)] was added and the reaction was allowed to proceed at 37 ° C for 15 minutes. After extraction with black mouth form: methanol (1: 2, v / v), the organic layer was re-extracted twice with water, and then the radioactivity of the organic layer was measured with a liquid scintillation counter. As a result, as shown in Figure 12, It was revealed that the compound represented by the formula (II) has an SPT inhibitory activity with an IC50 of about 10 nM.
- HCV replicon cells were treated with the compound represented by formula (II) at the concentration shown in FIG. 13 for 48 hours, and then labeled with [14C] serine for 3 hours. After extraction with black mouth form: methanol (1: 2, v / v), de novo synthesized ceramide (FIG. 13A) and sphingomyelin (FIG. 13B) were separated by thin layer chromatography. As a result, as shown in FIG. 13, the compound represented by the formula (II) inhibited de novo synthesis of intracellular ceramide and sphingomyelin in a concentration-dependent manner.
- HCV replicon cells were separated from the known SPT inhibitor myriocin (Sigma, cat. No. M1177), ceramide synthesis inhibitor fumosin Bl (Sigma, cat. No. F1147), and ceramide transport inhibitor H PA-12 [ After treatment with Kobayashi et al., Org.lett. (2002), the levulincon activity and viable cell count were measured 72 hours later. As a result, none of the compounds showed cytotoxicity, and the effect of suppressing HCV replication at a concentration was observed (FIG. 15).
- ImM compound (II) represented by the formula (II) was added to HCV replicon cells for 72 hours, and then the cell extract was treated with 1% NP-40 for 1 hour. Raft proteins (solubilizing agent resistance) and non-raft proteins were separated by sucrose density gradient fractionation, diluted with PBS, concentrated and quantified by ELISA analysis. As a result, the compound represented by the formula (II) was significantly dissociated from the raft in NS5B (FIG. 17).
- sphingolipid biosynthesis is involved in HCV infection, and a compound that inhibits the activity and expression of an enzyme involved in sphingolipid biosynthesis is an extremely useful therapeutic agent for HCV infection or I was able to become a prophylactic agent.
- Sphingomyelin a sphingolipid, is a component of rafts on cell membranes, and viruses such as influenza and HIV are replicated via rafts (Takeda M. et al. (2003) PNAS, 100, 25, Lucero HA, et al. (2004) Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 426, 208, Simons
- a drug containing the compound of the present invention targeting rafts as an active ingredient may be used as a drug for preventing or treating HCV infection.
- the drug of the present invention can be used as a drug for preventing or treating HCV infection. It is a disease caused by abnormal sphingolipid synthesis, for example, a disease in which lipid (sphingomyelin) accumulates abnormally.
- lipid sphingomyelin
- viral infections eg influenza, HIV
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006531741A JP4849622B2 (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための薬剤 |
EP05770415A EP1795206A4 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | MEDICAMENT FOR THE TREATMENT OF HCV OR THE PREVENTION OF HCV INFECTION |
US11/659,779 US8183005B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Pharmaceutical agents for treating HCV infections |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-234900 | 2004-08-11 | ||
JP2004234900 | 2004-08-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006016657A1 true WO2006016657A1 (ja) | 2006-02-16 |
Family
ID=35839417
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/014767 WO2006016657A1 (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための薬剤 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8183005B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1795206A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4849622B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006016657A1 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007132882A1 (ja) | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-22 | Tokyo Metropolitan Organization For Medical Research | Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための医薬組成物 |
WO2009154248A1 (ja) | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | 公立大学法人名古屋市立大学 | Hbv感染症を治療または予防するための医薬組成物 |
JP2010215580A (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Taiyo Kagaku Co Ltd | 免疫調整物質の製造方法 |
US8183005B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2012-05-22 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Pharmaceutical agents for treating HCV infections |
WO2014027696A1 (ja) | 2012-08-17 | 2014-02-20 | 中外製薬株式会社 | 抗hcv作用を有する経口投与可能なビリジオファンジン誘導体 |
US8957199B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2015-02-17 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Oligoribonucleotide or peptide nucleic acid capable of inhibiting activity of hepatitis C virus |
US8981123B2 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2015-03-17 | Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation | Compound and asymmetric synthesis reaction |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07173123A (ja) * | 1991-08-02 | 1995-07-11 | Merck & Co Inc | コレステロール低下剤 |
WO2004071503A1 (ja) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-08-26 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | ウイルス治療薬 |
Family Cites Families (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3389051A (en) | 1961-01-09 | 1968-06-18 | Upjohn Co | Method for reducing cholesterol in the body |
US3210386A (en) | 1961-01-09 | 1965-10-05 | Upjohn Co | 3-aminoethers of 3beta-hydroxy androstanes |
US3000910A (en) | 1961-04-07 | 1961-09-19 | Upjohn Co | 17-isonitrose-3-aminoethers of the androstane series |
US3928572A (en) * | 1971-02-11 | 1975-12-23 | Ayerst Mckenna & Harrison | Myriocin and process of preparation |
US5364948A (en) | 1991-08-02 | 1994-11-15 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Biologically active compounds isolated from aerobic fermentation of Trichoderma viride |
US5232837A (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 1993-08-03 | Emory University | Method of altering sphingolipid metabolism and detecting fumonisin ingestion and contamination |
JPH10506531A (ja) * | 1994-09-19 | 1998-06-30 | ザ ボード オブ トラスティーズ オブ ザ リランド スタンフォード ジュニア ユニバーシティー | マラリア病の治療 |
US5863716A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1999-01-26 | The Leland Stanford Junior University Board Of Trustees | Treatment of plasmodium |
AU7552098A (en) | 1997-06-09 | 1998-12-30 | Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. | Physiologically active substances tkr2449, process for producing the same, and microorganism |
WO2000037097A1 (en) | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-29 | Schering Corporation | Ribavirin-interferon alfa induction hcv combination therapy |
AU2001255477A1 (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2001-11-07 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Detection and treatment of atherosclerosis based on plasma sphingomyelin concentration |
MXPA03003456A (es) | 2000-10-18 | 2003-07-14 | Schering Corp | Terapia de combinacion de ribavirina e interferon alfa pegilado contra el hcv. |
AU2002234568A1 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-24 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Regulation of human serine palmitoyltransferase |
US6995236B2 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2006-02-07 | Riken | Sphingomyelin detecting probe |
AP2005003213A0 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2005-03-31 | Univ Cagliari | 2'-C-methyl-3'-O-L-valine ester ribofuranosyl cytidine for treatment of flaviviridae infections. |
JP2005533108A (ja) | 2002-07-16 | 2005-11-04 | メルク エンド カムパニー インコーポレーテッド | Rna依存性rnaウイルスポリメラーゼの阻害剤としてのヌクレオシド誘導体 |
WO2004078974A1 (ja) | 2003-01-24 | 2004-09-16 | Tokyo Metropolitan Organization For Medical Research | C型肝炎ウイルスの働きを阻害するオリゴリボヌクレオチドまたはペプチド核酸 |
JP5042528B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-12 | 2012-10-03 | 中外製薬株式会社 | ウイルス治療薬 |
WO2004078127A2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-16 | Intermune, Inc. | Continuous delivery methods for treating hepatitis virus infection |
AU2004255633B2 (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2009-08-06 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Compound having anti-HCV action |
WO2005019268A1 (ja) | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-03 | Tokyo Metropolitan Organization For Medical Resea Rch | 新規癌抗原に対する抗体 |
WO2005023186A2 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-17 | Immusol Inc. | Methods of identifying agents that inhibit the growth of cancer cells |
WO2005062949A2 (en) | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-14 | Intermune, Inc. | Method for treating hepatitis virus infection |
CA2560920A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2005-10-06 | Warner-Lambert Company Llc | Use of a serine palmitoyltransferase (spt) inhibitor to treat atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia |
JP2006077004A (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2006-03-23 | Chugai Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 抗hcv作用を有する化合物およびそれを含む医薬組成物 |
WO2006016657A1 (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-16 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための薬剤 |
EP1927367A4 (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2009-08-12 | Univ Tokushima | NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL AGENT BASED ON AN ANTI-HLA ANTIBODY |
CN101489580A (zh) | 2006-05-16 | 2009-07-22 | 财团法人东京都医学研究机构 | 治疗或预防hcv感染症的药物组合物 |
-
2005
- 2005-08-11 WO PCT/JP2005/014767 patent/WO2006016657A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-08-11 JP JP2006531741A patent/JP4849622B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-08-11 US US11/659,779 patent/US8183005B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-08-11 EP EP05770415A patent/EP1795206A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07173123A (ja) * | 1991-08-02 | 1995-07-11 | Merck & Co Inc | コレステロール低下剤 |
WO2004071503A1 (ja) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-08-26 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | ウイルス治療薬 |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
Title |
---|
BORDIER BB ET AL: "A prenylation inhibitor prevents production of infectious hepatitis delta virus particles.", J VIROL., vol. 76, no. 20, 2002, pages 10465 - 10472, XP002979358 * |
KOBAYASHI ET AL., ORG. LETT., 2002 |
KRIEAER ET AL., J. VIROL., vol. 75, pages 4614 |
LUCERO H. A. ET AL., ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS, vol. 426, 2004, pages 208 |
MANDALA M ET AL: "Viridiofungins, novel inhibitors of sphingolipid synthesis.", JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS., vol. 50, no. 4, 1997, pages 339 - 343, XP002108823 * |
See also references of EP1795206A4 * |
SIMONS K., NATURE, vol. 387, 1998, pages 569 |
TAKEDA M. ET AL., PNAS, vol. 100, 2003, pages 25 |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8183005B1 (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2012-05-22 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Pharmaceutical agents for treating HCV infections |
WO2007132882A1 (ja) | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-22 | Tokyo Metropolitan Organization For Medical Research | Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための医薬組成物 |
WO2009154248A1 (ja) | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | 公立大学法人名古屋市立大学 | Hbv感染症を治療または予防するための医薬組成物 |
US8957199B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2015-02-17 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Oligoribonucleotide or peptide nucleic acid capable of inhibiting activity of hepatitis C virus |
JP2010215580A (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Taiyo Kagaku Co Ltd | 免疫調整物質の製造方法 |
US8981123B2 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2015-03-17 | Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation | Compound and asymmetric synthesis reaction |
US9187498B2 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2015-11-17 | Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation | Compound and asymmetric synthesis reaction |
WO2014027696A1 (ja) | 2012-08-17 | 2014-02-20 | 中外製薬株式会社 | 抗hcv作用を有する経口投与可能なビリジオファンジン誘導体 |
US9266853B2 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2016-02-23 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Orally available viridiofungin derivative possessing anti-HCV activity |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2006016657A1 (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
US8183005B1 (en) | 2012-05-22 |
EP1795206A4 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
JP4849622B2 (ja) | 2012-01-11 |
EP1795206A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2007058384A1 (en) | Method of suppressing replication of hepatitis c virus, inhibitor of replication of the virus and method of screening for the same | |
JP4849622B2 (ja) | Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための薬剤 | |
US20150005362A1 (en) | Methods and compositions for reducing viral genome amounts in a target cell | |
US8933043B2 (en) | Methods for regulation of p53 translation and function | |
KR20140019770A (ko) | 인간 ezh2의 억제제 및 이의 사용 방법 | |
Zeidler et al. | The CD38 glycohydrolase and the NAD sink: implications for pathological conditions | |
EP2238987A1 (en) | Sugar chain-related gene and use thereof | |
WO2010008069A1 (ja) | 細胞増殖阻害剤 | |
Chong et al. | Phosphoproteomics identified an NS5A phosphorylation site involved in hepatitis C virus replication | |
CA2509494A1 (en) | Method of introducing sirna into adipocytes | |
Kang et al. | The knockdown of SNHG3 inhibits the progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by miR-340-5p/YAP1 axis and Wnt/ß-catenin pathway. | |
Sun et al. | SOD3 deficiency induces liver fibrosis by promoting hepatic stellate cell activation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition | |
Li et al. | MicroRNA-494-3p prevents liver fibrosis and attenuates hepatic stellate cell activation by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis through targeting TRAF3 | |
WO2004055210A1 (fr) | Molecules inhibitrices de la synthese proteique du virus de l'hepatite c et procede de criblage desdites molecules inhibitrices | |
EP1362914A2 (en) | Histone deacetylase inhibitor and use thereof | |
WO2007132882A1 (ja) | Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための医薬組成物 | |
US20210147842A1 (en) | Methods and compositions for inhibiting necroptosis in neurovascular and/or neurodegenerative diseases or disorders | |
Chang et al. | Characterization of Two EF‐hand Domain‐containing Proteins from Toxoplasma gondii | |
JP6986263B2 (ja) | 抗ウイルス薬 | |
JP4972096B2 (ja) | E2epfucp−vhl相互作用及びその用途 | |
TW202102234A (zh) | 抑制b型肝炎病毒蛋白質之產生的醫藥組成物及篩選方法 | |
CN113271943A (zh) | 用于诊断和/或治疗急性或慢性肝、肾或肺病的方法 | |
US8394778B1 (en) | Regulators of NFAT and/or store-operated calcium entry | |
Gao et al. | IL-33 downregulates hepatic carboxylesterase 1 in acute liver injury via macrophage-derived exosomal miR-27b-3p | |
WO2007043640A1 (ja) | Hcv感染症を治療または予防するための薬剤 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006531741 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2005770415 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005770415 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005770415 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11659779 Country of ref document: US |