WO2006013850A1 - 塗布成膜装置及び塗布成膜方法 - Google Patents
塗布成膜装置及び塗布成膜方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006013850A1 WO2006013850A1 PCT/JP2005/014104 JP2005014104W WO2006013850A1 WO 2006013850 A1 WO2006013850 A1 WO 2006013850A1 JP 2005014104 W JP2005014104 W JP 2005014104W WO 2006013850 A1 WO2006013850 A1 WO 2006013850A1
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- substrate
- coating
- image data
- wafer
- coating film
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/6715—Apparatus for applying a liquid, a resin, an ink or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
- B05C11/08—Spreading liquid or other fluent material by manipulating the work, e.g. tilting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
- B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
- B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
- B05C5/0208—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles
- B05C5/0212—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles only at particular parts of the articles
- B05C5/0216—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles only at particular parts of the articles by relative movement of article and outlet according to a predetermined path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67242—Apparatus for monitoring, sorting or marking
- H01L21/67288—Monitoring of warpage, curvature, damage, defects or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating film forming apparatus and a coating film forming method for applying a coating liquid containing a resist solution or an interlayer insulating film forming component or an antireflection film forming component to a substrate.
- a system in which a coating and developing apparatus is combined with an exposure apparatus is used.
- a resist solution is spin-coated on a semiconductor wafer to form a resist film having a predetermined target film thickness.
- the set value of the concentration of the coating film forming component contained in the coating liquid is an important process parameter.
- a conventional apparatus includes a plurality of liquid supply systems each corresponding to the concentration of the coating liquid for each target film thickness.
- These liquid supply systems include, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, separate liquid supply sources 112a, 112b, 112c, separate independent supply lines 11 la, 111b, 111c, and separate independent nozzles 110a, 110b, 110c.
- a controller (not shown) selects an optimum liquid supply system from the plurality of liquid supply systems based on the target film thickness value, and supplies a predetermined concentration of coating liquid to the wafer W by the selected liquid supply system. Rotate Ueno and W by spin chuck 101. As described above, since the conventional apparatus has a plurality of liquid supply systems separately and independently, the apparatus becomes larger and complicated.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-272407, US Pat. No. 5,968,268 and US Pat. No. 6,200,633 disclose coating film formation as shown in FIG. Proposing a device.
- This conventional apparatus includes a single nozzle 110, a plurality of liquid supply sources 113 and 114, a line mixer 115, and a mixing block 115a.
- the supply line 111 is branched on the upstream side via the line mixer 115 to the mixing block 115a, each branch line is connected to the stock solution tank 113 and the solvent tank 114, and the downstream side is connected to the single nozzle 110. ing.
- a controller (not shown) supplies a desired amount of stock solution (for example, a high-concentration resist solution) from the stock solution tank 113 based on the target film thickness value of the process recipe. Then, a desired amount of thinner is supplied from the solvent tank 114. Both liquids merge at the mixing block 115 a and are mixed by the line mixer 115, and then the mixed liquid is supplied onto the wafer W from the nozzle 110. According to this conventional apparatus, by controlling the amount of liquid supplied from each of the tanks 113 and 114, a coating liquid having a desired concentration corresponding to the target film thickness is supplied onto the wafer W.
- a desired amount of stock solution for example, a high-concentration resist solution
- the coating solution (old mixed solution) remaining in the supply line 111 between the line mixer 115 and the nozzle 110 is removed as a dummy dispersion. Then, after the supply line 111 is filled with a new coating liquid (new mixed liquid), the new mixed liquid is discharged and supplied from the nozzle 110 onto the wafer W. If the old mixed liquid (residual liquid) is accidentally supplied onto the wafer W, a coating film with a non-uniform film thickness is formed, resulting in a rejected wafer W that cannot be manufactured as a product. Increasing the product yield will reduce the production cost. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether or not the coating liquid discharged from the nozzle 110 has settled at the target concentration, that is, whether or not the coating liquid having the optimal concentration can be applied onto the wafer W.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-9655 proposes an inspection unit shown in FIG.
- This inspection unit is provided separately from the coating film forming unit in order to inspect the coating film.
- the wafer W is transferred from the coating film forming unit to the inspection unit, and the wafer W is mounted on the mounting table 120 and the light source 121
- the wafer W is irradiated with light, the reflected light is received by the line sensor 122, and the signal is sent to the image processing device 123.
- the mounting table 120 and the line sensor 122 are slid relative to each other, and an image over the entire surface of the coating film on the wafer W is acquired.
- the acquired image is subjected to image processing by the image processing device 123, and a controller (not shown) determines whether the coating film is good or bad based on the processing result.
- the preceding wafer W1 is removed in the inspection unit.
- the coating film forming unit performs spin coating of the subsequent wafer W2 in parallel. For this reason, when it is determined that the inspection result of the preceding wafer W1 is defective, the applied subsequent wafer W2 may be wasted. Thus, there is a trade-off between improving throughput and effectively reflecting the inspection result of the coating film of the preceding wafer W on the processing of the subsequent wafer W2.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a coating film forming apparatus and a coating film forming method that can quickly inspect for coating unevenness immediately after coating when a coating liquid containing a solvent is applied to the surface of a substrate to form a coating film. It is to provide a method.
- a coating film forming apparatus is a coating film forming apparatus that forms a coating film by applying a coating solution containing a solvent to a surface of a substrate, and a housing having a carry-in / out port for taking in and out the substrate.
- the image acquisition means includes a light source that irradiates light on the surface of the substrate and a line sensor that receives reflected light reflected from the substrate, and the substrate is transferred into the housing by the substrate transfer means.
- the light source power also irradiates the substrate with light, and the reflected light is received by the line sensor, thereby further obtaining two-dimensional image data (Db) of the surface of the substrate before applying the coating liquid.
- Db two-dimensional image data
- the determination means compares the two-dimensional image data (Db) of the surface of the substrate before coating with the two-dimensional image data (Da) of the surface of the substrate after coating, and based on the comparison result between the two. Then, determine whether there is uneven coating of the coating solution on the surface of the substrate.
- the coating film forming apparatus spin-coats a coating solution containing a solvent to a substrate.
- a coating film forming device that forms a coating film by!
- Image acquisition means (71, 72) for acquiring first two-dimensional image data and acquiring second two-dimensional image data of the surface of the substrate after the coating liquid has been applied; and the first Judgment means (74) for comparing two-dimensional image data with the second two-dimensional image data and judging whether or not there is uneven coating of the coating liquid on the surface of the substrate based on the comparison result. It is characterized by doing.
- the apparatus of the present invention includes a stock solution supply mechanism (52, 56) for supplying a stock solution, the stock solution containing a component for forming a coating film, and a solvent supply mechanism (53, 56) for supplying a solvent. 55) and liquid mixing means for mixing the stock solution and the solvent, the upstream side communicating with the stock solution supply mechanism and the solvent supply mechanism, respectively, and the downstream side communicating with the nozzle.
- the liquid mixing means changes the mixing ratio of the stock solution Z solvent according to the target film thickness, and makes the concentration of the coating solution appropriate.
- the determination means determines whether or not the mixed liquid mixed by the liquid mixing means becomes a coating liquid having a desired concentration based on the determination result of the presence or absence of the coating unevenness. Can do. If the judging means judges that there is uneven coating, the control means changes the mixing ratio of the stock solution and the solvent to prepare a new coating solution, which remains between the liquid mixing means and the nozzle! ⁇ Replace the coating solution with this coating solution.
- a means for marking a substrate that has been determined to have uneven coating may be added to the history information of the board stored in the control unit in software, or an arbitrary part of the board may be physically marked.
- a coating film forming method is a coating film forming method in which a coating liquid containing a solvent is applied to the surface of a substrate to form a coating film. Carried in, transferred the substrate onto the substrate holding part, (b) supplying the coating liquid to the surface of the substrate also with the nozzle force, forming the coating film on the surface of the substrate, (c) after forming the coating film, When the substrate transfer means carries out the housing force substrate, it obtains two-dimensional image data of the surface of the substrate, and (d) based on the two-dimensional image data! /, The surface of the substrate Determine whether there is any uneven coating of the coating liquid.
- step (a) two-dimensional image data of the surface of the substrate before coating is acquired, and in the step (d), the two-dimensional image data of the surface of the substrate before and after coating are compared with each other, Based on the comparison result, the presence or absence of uneven coating can be determined.
- the substrate is passed under the line sensor having the light receiving portion that is equal to or longer than the width of the effective area of the substrate, and is two-dimensionally Image data can be acquired.
- a mixture solution of a stock solution and a solvent is a coating solution having a desired concentration. It can be determined whether or not it is a failure.
- a new coating solution is prepared by changing the mixing ratio of the stock solution containing the components for forming the coating film and the solvent.
- the old coating solution remaining in the flow path to the nozzle can be replaced (replaced) with this new coating solution.
- the substrate can be marked.
- a coating film forming method includes a coating film forming method in which a coating film is formed by spin-coating a coating solution containing a solvent on a substrate (the substrate is placed in a casing by a transfer arm mechanism).
- the first two-dimensional image data of the surface of the substrate before coating is acquired from the time when the substrate is transferred to the spin chuck until the substrate is transferred onto the spin chuck.
- the substrate is rotated by the spin chuck, the coating film is formed on the surface of the substrate, and (iii) the substrate is transferred from the spin chuck to the transfer arm mechanism, Until the transfer arm mechanism unloads the housing force substrate, second 2D image data of the surface of the substrate after application is acquired, and (iv) the first two-dimensional image data and the second Compared with the two-dimensional image data of Then, it is characterized by determining whether or not there is uneven coating on the surface of the substrate.
- the first two-dimensional image data is acquired when the transfer arm mechanism is carrying the substrate into the casing.
- the transfer arm mechanism is The second 2D image data can be acquired while the substrate is being unloaded from the body.
- the width of the effective area of the substrate is equal to or greater than this width.
- the first and second two-dimensional image data can be acquired by passing the substrate under a line sensor having a long light receiving portion.
- step (ii) based on the determination result in step (iv), whether or not the mixed solution in which the stock solution and the solvent are mixed is a coating solution having a desired concentration. Can be determined.
- step (iv) when it is determined that there is uneven coating, the mixing ratio of the stock solution containing the component for forming the coating film and the solvent is changed to obtain a new coating solution.
- the old coating solution remaining in the flow path to the nozzle can be replaced (replaced) with this new coating solution.
- the substrate when it is determined in the step (iv) that there is uneven coating, the substrate can be marked.
- “Uneven coating” refers to in-plane uniformity of the thickness of the coating film. “With coating unevenness” means that the coating film spin-coated on the substrate is not uniform. “No coating unevenness” means that the film thickness of the coating film spin-coated on the substrate is within the allowable error range of the target film thickness.
- Marking refers to assigning information on the presence or absence of uneven coating to a substrate. Marking is both added to the history information of the board stored in the control unit in a software manner (soft marking) and physically marked on any part of the board (hard marking). including.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a conventional coating film forming apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a conventional coating film forming apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the outline of a conventional inspection apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is an internal perspective block sectional view showing a coating film forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an internal perspective block plan view showing a coating film forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a control block diagram showing an image processing unit of the coating film forming apparatus.
- FIG. 7A is a plan view schematically showing a line sensor and a substrate at the time of image acquisition.
- FIG. 7B is a characteristic diagram showing luminance data of each divided region corresponding to the pixel of the line sensor.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a coating film forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9A is a plan view schematically showing the image on the surface of the substrate when image data of the surface of the substrate before application is acquired.
- FIG. 9B is a plan view schematically showing the image on the surface of the substrate when image data of the surface of the substrate after application is acquired.
- FIG. 9C is a plan view schematically showing an image after image processing on the surface of the substrate.
- FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing changes in coating film thickness and in-plane uniformity over time.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a coating film forming method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram schematically illustrating another image acquisition unit.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a coating and developing apparatus in which the coating film forming apparatus of the present invention is incorporated.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a coating and developing apparatus in which the coating film-forming apparatus of the present invention is incorporated.
- the casing 3 constitutes an apparatus outer body having a wafer loading / unloading port 30 for loading / unloading the wafer W on the side surface.
- a spin chuck 31 that holds the center of the back surface of the wafer W by vacuum suction is provided.
- the spin chuck 31 is supported by the drive mechanism 33 via the shaft portion 32 so as to be movable up and down.
- a cup 4 is provided so as to surround the periphery of the wafer W on the spin chuck 31.
- the upper part of the cup 4 is inclined inward, and its tip is bent downward.
- a concave liquid receiving portion 41 is formed at the bottom of the cup 4.
- the liquid receiving portion 41 is partitioned into an outer region and an inner region over the entire circumference by a partition wall 42, and a drain port 43 is provided at the bottom of the outer region to discharge the waste liquid. Open and further inside An exhaust port 44 is open in the region.
- a circular plate 45 is provided below the spin chuck 31, and a ring member 46 is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the circular plate 45.
- the outer end surface of the ring member 46 is bent downward, and the liquid spilled from the Ueno and W is guided along the surface of the ring member 46 into the outer region of the liquid receiving portion 41.
- Three substrate support pins are provided through the circular plate 45 in the vertical direction. These substrate support pins are supported by a cylinder mechanism (not shown) so as to be movable up and down. The operation of this cylinder mechanism is controlled by the control unit 73.
- the controller 73 controls the cylinder mechanism and the drive unit of the transfer arm mechanism A2 so that the wafer W is transferred between the substrate support pins and the transfer arm mechanism A2.
- the nozzle 5 is supported by a nozzle moving mechanism 58 so as to be movable in the X direction and the Z direction.
- Nozzle 5 is moved horizontally in the X direction by the moving mechanism 58 until the home position force reaches the use position, and further lowered in the Z direction at the use position.
- the wafer W on the spin chuck 31 rotates.
- the center and the liquid discharge port 51 are aligned so as to face each other closely.
- the nozzle 5 is connected to a coating liquid supply mechanism 52 and a solvent supply mechanism 53 by a supply pipe 51, respectively.
- the upstream side of the supply pipe 51 branches into two, one branch pipe communicates with the built-in tank of the coating liquid supply mechanism 52 via the bellows pump 56, and the other branch pipe passes through the mouth pump 55.
- One tank contains a resist solution as a coating solution, and the other tank contains a solvent (thinner) for adjusting the concentration of the resist solution.
- the mixing block 54a is provided at a branch portion (a confluence of the resist solution and the solvent) of the supply pipe 51.
- a line mixer 54 is attached immediately downstream of the mixing block 54a.
- the line mixer 54 is substantially the same as the mixer disclosed in, for example, US Pat. No. 6,059,880. That is, the line mixer 54 includes a plurality of baffle plates disposed inside the cylindrical tube. These baffle plates are twisted right or left by 90 degrees in the length direction with a plate-like body having the same width as the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube.
- the line mixer 54 and the mixing block 54a are not limited to those provided separately, but they are integrally formed. You may do it.
- the nozzle 5 is detachably supported on one end side of the arm 6 as shown in FIG.
- the other end side of the nozzle arm 6 is connected to the moving base 61.
- the movable base 61 is supported so as to be slidable in the X direction along a linear guide 62 extending in the longitudinal direction (X direction), for example, on the bottom surface of the housing 3. That is, the nozzle 5 is supported so as to be movable between the use position and the home position (nozzle standby position).
- the home position is provided with a drain receiving portion (not shown) for receiving the drain liquid when the discharge liquid is discharged (discharged) and the liquid in the supply pipe 51 is replaced. Yes.
- an illumination light source 71 and a line sensor 72 are provided in the housing 3 above the vicinity of the wafer loading / unloading port 30.
- each of the light source 71 and the line sensor 72 has a linear shape extending in the X direction, and its length is equal to or longer than the diameter of the wafer W. That is, each of the light source 71 and the line sensor 72 is arranged in parallel to the wafer transfer port 30.
- the light source 71 irradiates light on the surface of the wafers W and W that are carried into and out of the housing 3 through the wafer loading / unloading port 30, while the line sensor 72 receives the reflected light and receives the signal. Is input to the control unit 73.
- the control unit 73 sends the input signal to the image processing unit 74, and the image processing unit 74 performs image analysis processing based on the input signal. Thereby, image data of the surface of the wafer W is acquired.
- the illumination light from the light source 71 is preferably monochromatic light having a predetermined wavelength. Further, an optical filter may be provided between at least one of the line sensor 72 and the wafer W and between the light source 71 and the wafer W.
- the image processing unit 74 in the control unit 73 are wired or wirelessly transmitted to the image processing unit 74 in the control unit 73 and stored in the memory 8 of the image processing unit 74 as image data.
- the process for example, binary key processing
- the surface information obtained by numerically calculating the surface state of the wafer W is acquired. That is, the light source 71, the line sensor 72, and the image processing unit 74 constitute an image acquisition unit for acquiring image data of the surface of the wafer W.
- the control unit 73 also has a function of controlling operations of the drive mechanism 33, the moving base 61, the bellows pumps 55 and 56, the substrate support pins 47, the transfer alarm mechanism A2, and the like.
- the image processing unit 74 is a computer system constructed by a memory 8, image data storage units 80 and 81, mode switching means 82, 83 and 84, a storage unit 85, a display unit 86, a CPU 87, and a system bus 89. And is incorporated in the control unit 73.
- the memory 8 is a memory that temporarily stores an image acquired by the line sensor 72.
- the image data storage unit 80 stores the image data of the surface of the wafer W before coating and the image data of the surface of the wafer W after coating individually for each wafer and stores them so that they can be taken out at any time. It is something to keep.
- the history information storage unit 81 stores information such as the types of process processing performed on the wafer W and processing conditions thereof, that is, processing history information for each wafer.
- the mode switching unit 82 is means for switching the processing mode between the first inspection mode and the second inspection mode in accordance with the progress of the process. This mode switching is actually performed manually while the operator looks at the touch panel type input screen of the unit controller 88.
- the first inspection mode is a mode for inspecting whether or not the coating liquid discharged from the nozzle 5 has settled to a predetermined concentration after changing the mixing ratio of the coating liquid and the solvent.
- the first inspection mode is a mode for inspecting the liquid mixing state and the replacement state in the flow path.
- the second inspection mode is a mode for inspecting whether or not the wafer W processed during the process processing can be used as a product.
- the first storage unit 83 is a memory that stores a processing program that is read when the first inspection mode is selected. Specifically, the first storage unit 83 stores an image acquisition program 83a, a surface information acquisition program 83b, and a determination program 83c.
- the image acquisition program 83a executes a procedure for acquiring image data of the wafer W before and after coating.
- the surface information acquisition program 83b uses the acquired image data as binary data.
- the procedure for obtaining information on the surface state of the wafer w by performing the conversion process is executed.
- the judgment program 83c executes a procedure for judging whether or not the concentration of the coating liquid has settled based on the surface state information.
- the second storage unit 84 is a memory that stores a processing program that is read when the second inspection mode is selected. Specifically, the second storage unit 84 stores an image acquisition program 84a, a surface information acquisition program 84b, a determination program 84c, and a history information creation program 84d.
- the image acquisition program 84a executes a procedure for acquiring image data of wafer W before and after application.
- the surface information acquisition program 84b executes a procedure for performing binary processing on the acquired image data to acquire information on the surface state of the wafer W.
- the determination program 84c executes a procedure for determining whether or not the wafer W can be made a product based on the surface state information.
- the history information creation program 84d executes a procedure for storing the determination result in the history information storage unit 81.
- the storage unit 85 is a storage unit that stores a threshold setting value read out when the image data is binarized.
- the display unit 86 is a display for the operator to confirm the inspection result visually.
- a liquid crystal display (LCD) is used as the display of the display unit 86.
- the unit controller 88 controls the lighting operation of the light source 71 and the operations of the transfer alarm mechanisms Al, A2, A3.
- FIG. 7A is a plan view schematically showing the surface of the wafer W coated with the coating liquid. It is assumed that the film thickness in the region corresponding to region Q in the figure is thicker than the film thickness in the surrounding region. Such a region Q corresponds to coating unevenness.
- the wafer is divided into a plurality of divided regions 200 corresponding to the pixels of the line sensor 72, for example.
- An image of the W surface is acquired.
- the acquired image signal is transmitted to the image processing unit 74, and binarization processing of each divided region 200 is performed based on predetermined luminance data.
- This binarization process is performed by dividing the region 200 over the entire surface of the wafer W as shown in FIG. 7B. This is done by assigning either “0” or “1” to each of these.
- the threshold value of the upper limit! / The threshold value of the value and the lower limit, and the luminance within the range of the value! Allocate “0”.
- “1” is assigned to the brightness that falls outside the range from the upper threshold to the lower threshold.
- the coating film thickness is large, the brightness decreases, and conversely, when the coating film thickness is small, the brightness increases.Therefore, the brightness in the area Q is lower than the threshold! Is assigned.
- the thickness of the coating film is small! / ⁇
- “1” is assigned exceeding the upper limit threshold / ⁇ value.
- the upper and lower thresholds of luminance correspond to the upper and lower limits of the allowable range of film thickness to be formed on the surface of Ueno and W.
- This threshold value is, for example, by actually forming coating films of various thicknesses on the surface of the wafer W on which a clean pattern has not been formed in advance, and measuring the brightness of this wafer W in advance. It is preferable to make a decision.
- the set value of the optimum threshold value also changes depending on the target value of the film thickness.
- the upper and lower thresholds may change the value width. Therefore, for example, a threshold value corresponding to the target value of the film thickness, the type of coating solution, or a combination thereof is determined by conducting a preliminary experiment, for example, and the value data is stored in the storage unit 85 for inspection. Try to read when you do.
- the same processing is performed on the data obtained by imaging the surface of the wafer W before coating, and two numerical value data “0” or “1” is assigned to each of the divided regions 200.
- the threshold value it is not necessary for the threshold value to be the same as that after coating.
- the brightness of the surface of the wafer W should be measured before and after a clean pattern is formed. It may be possible to set an upper threshold value with an appropriately determined width and to set a lower threshold value.
- the preceding lot After the LI wafers Wl to Wn have been processed and before the next lot R2 wafers W1 to Wm are processed, the film thickness of the next lot R2 wafers Wl to Wm will be met.
- the mixing ratio of coating solution and solvent is changed to achieve the optimum concentration, it is checked whether the coating solution discharged from the nozzle outlet 50 has settled to the target concentration. To do.
- a carrier C1 containing a plurality of test wafers W having, for example, 25 bare silicon forces is prepared, and the mode switching unit 82 is set to the first detection mode by an operator's manual operation. Inspection is started.
- the test wafer W is not limited to bare silicon. If it is not transparent, a misaligned substrate may be used.
- the transfer arm mechanism A1 takes out the wafer and W1 from the carrier C1, transfers the wafer W from the transfer arm mechanism A1 to the transfer arm mechanism A2, and the transfer arm mechanism A2 transfers the wafer W1 to the coating unit COT. (Process Sl).
- the transfer arm mechanism A2 delivers the wafer W1 to the spin chuck 31, the wafer W passes directly under the light source 71 and the line sensor 72, and at that time, a surface image of the wafer W1 before coating is acquired (step S2 ).
- the image acquisition program 83a is read, the light source 71 is turned on, and a strip of light is emitted on the surface of the wafer W1.
- the line sensor 72 receives the reflected light that has been irradiated and reflected upon the surface of the wafer W1. Thereby, an image of the surface portion of the wafer W1 is acquired. Furthermore, the wafer W1 is moved in the Y direction, and images of the surface portions of the wafer W1 are acquired one after another. At this time, the image acquisition by the line sensor 72 is sufficiently fast, so that the images are sequentially and smoothly acquired while the wafer W1 is continuously moved. By performing this operation up to the other end of the wafer W1, the light source 71 is turned off when an image of the entire surface of the wafer W1 is acquired.
- the acquired image is converted into digital information by AZD conversion (not shown), transmitted to the image processing unit 74, and stored in the image data storage unit 80 as image data before coating. Further, in the image processing unit 74, the surface information acquisition program 83b is read and binarization processing of the image data is performed, and the processing result is stored in the image data storage unit 80 as surface information before coating ( Step S3).
- control unit 73 Drives and controls pumps 55 and 56 according to a command of force, controls the amount of liquid from each supply mechanism 52 and 53, and supplies a predetermined concentration of resist solution from nozzle 5 to Weno and W1,
- the drive mechanism 33 is controlled by a command from the control unit 73, the rotation speed of the spin chuck 31 is adjusted, and the resist solution is spin-coated on the surface of the wafer W1. As a result, a resist film is formed on the surface of the wafer W1 (step S4).
- Step S5 the image acquisition program 83a is read, a command signal is sent to the light source 71, light is irradiated from the light source 71 to the wafer W1, the reflected light (image) is received by the line sensor 72, and this image is converted into image data. Is stored in the memory 8, and the image data is binarized, and the processing result is stored in the image data storage unit 80 as surface information of the wafer W1 after coating (step S6).
- the image data acquired before and after application is not limited to one, and a plurality of data is acquired by reciprocating below the line sensor 72 by the transfer arm mechanism A2. Also good. Also, the transfer speed of the transfer arm mechanism A2 may be slowed down while acquiring images, and the transfer speed may be returned to the original speed at other points.
- the judgment program 83c is read out, and the surface data Da after coating obtained in step S6 and the surface data Db before coating obtained in step S3 are superimposed (wafer image data).
- the difference data (Da-Db) obtained by subtracting the data Db from the data Da is acquired, and the presence / absence of uneven coating is determined based on the difference data (Da-Db) (process) S7).
- This determination step S7 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 9A to 9C.
- the pre-coating image is acquired, as shown in FIG. 9A, for example, if there is a dirty area (area Q1) on the surface of the wafer W, the force binary processing is performed depending on the degree of the dirt. Occasionally a logic “1” is assigned to this area.
- the coating liquid is applied to the wafer W, for example, as shown in FIG. 9B, if uneven coating (region Q2) occurs, the wafer W1
- a numerical value of “1” may be assigned to both region Q2 and region Q1.
- misidentification is detected when it is determined that the region Q1 is uneven coating, but by subtracting the image data Db before coating from the image data Da after coating, a logical ⁇ 1 '' due to factors other than coating unevenness. Can be excluded.
- the remaining region Q2 is determined to be true application unevenness and determined to have application unevenness. To do.
- the method for obtaining the difference data does not necessarily need to use the method described above. In other words, any method can be used as long as it can exclude those assigned with logic “1” due to factors other than uneven coating.
- binarization processing is performed based on the corrected brightness.
- the difference data (Da – Db) can be obtained.
- step S7 determines whether the coating unevenness is detected in the second inspection mode.
- step S7 determines whether there is coating unevenness
- the next test wafer W2 is loaded into the apparatus, and the processes from step S2 to step S7 are performed (steps). S9).
- a predetermined amount for example, the usage amount of one wafer W
- the liquid inside may be replaced. With this configuration, the number of test wafers W can be reduced.
- the image acquisition means 71 and 72 are arranged in the coating unit 2, an image of the surface of the wafer W can be obtained in a shorter time than the conventional inspection unit shown in FIG. Obtainable. For this reason, the inspection result of the wafer W can be effectively reflected in the processing of the subsequent wafers W2 to Wn.
- the resist solution is actually applied to the test wafer W, and the mixed state of the resist solution and the replacement state of the liquid in the flow path are determined based on the inspection result. Therefore, the number of rejected wafers W can be extremely reduced. In other words, since a resist solution in an optimal state can be applied to Ueno and W, a resist film having a high in-plane uniformity and a film thickness can be formed.
- the concentration of the resist solution is lowered by increasing the amount of the solvent.
- a coating solution having a high concentration is present in the supply pipe 51, so that the coating film formed on the first wafer W1 is large, but the second one. From the wafer W2, the film thickness approaches the target value, and within the allowable range (below the allowable level AT) from the third wafer W3.
- the in-plane uniformity of the film thickness is slightly behind the film thickness, and the fourth wafer W4 force is within the allowable range (allowable level AU or less).
- the time until the processing start force is within the allowable range varies depending on the film thickness and the in-plane uniformity.
- the present inventors pay attention to the fact that uneven coating occurs on the surface of Ueno and W when the mixing and replacement are insufficient and the in-plane uniformity of the film thickness is outside the allowable range.
- the image data Da of the wafer W By acquiring the image data Da of the wafer W and detecting coating unevenness, it is possible to grasp the liquid mixing state with high accuracy.
- the present inventors provide a viscometer in the middle of the supply pipe 51 to check the concentration of the coating liquid based on the relationship between the viscosity and the concentration that has been grasped in advance. It was confirmed by experiments that it was quite difficult to determine even the in-plane uniformity of force that could be an indicator of film thickness.
- a dirty wafer W or a patterned wafer for example, a dirty wafer W or a patterned wafer. Even when using eno and w, it is possible to prevent the determination accuracy from being lowered due to the state of the groundwork. In the present embodiment, for example, even if the light hits of the light source 71 vary in the wafer plane, the determination accuracy is not affected by this, so the film thickness and in-plane uniformity are highly accurate. Can be detected.
- the liquid in the supply pipe 51 is discharged while being replaced. Since the amount of liquid to be stored is known, a suitable amount of coating liquid can be dispensed from the nozzle 5 in advance before processing the test wafer W.
- image data Db before application is acquired for each wafer W. After application using a test wafer W with a clean surface and no pattern. It is also possible to acquire only the image and determine unevenness of application based on the processing result of the acquired image. Even in this case, the same effect as described above can be obtained. Furthermore, in this example, only the first test wafer W is acquired image data before coating, and the second and subsequent wafers W! /, And the first wafer W Let's use the image data.
- the present invention is not limited to the case where the first inspection mode is performed using the test wafer W, and the first inspection mode is performed using the product wafer W. May be.
- the influence of the substrate can be excluded by taking the difference data (Da-Db) before and after coating, so the film thickness and in-plane uniformity are increased. It can be detected with accuracy.
- a process is started by preparing a carrier containing a large number of wafers, for example 25 wafers, and W.
- the operator manually sets the mode switching unit 82 to the second inspection mode, and the inspection of Weno and W is started.
- the transfer arm mechanism A2 takes out one product wafer W from a carrier (not shown) and loads it into the housing 3 through the wafer loading / unloading port 30 (step S11).
- a surface image before coating is acquired by passing directly under the light source 71 and the line sensor 72 (step S12).
- the obtained pre-application image data Db is stored in the image data storage unit 80, and further subjected to binary image processing in the image processing unit 74.
- the processing result is obtained as surface information before application in the image data storage unit 80.
- the wafer W is delivered to the spin chuck 31, and a resist solution having a desired concentration is spin-coated on the wafer W (step S14).
- the transfer arm mechanism A2 enters the housing 3 and receives the wafer and W from the spin chuck 31, and the wafer W passes through the lower side of the light source 71 and the line sensor 72 and is applied.
- Surface image data Da is acquired (step S15).
- the acquired image data Da is stored in the image data storage unit 80, further binarized by the image processing unit 74, and the processing result is stored in the image data storage unit 80 as surface information after application (process). S 16).
- the determination program 83c is read out, the difference between the image data before and after application is obtained, the difference data (Da-Db) is obtained, and the unevenness of the coating is determined based on the difference data (Da-Db).
- the presence or absence is determined (step S 17). Note that even if particles floating in the surrounding atmosphere or particles that bring in coating liquid force adhere to the surface of the wafer W, the coating unevenness is substantially detected. Also included are those caused by foreign matter.
- the history information creation program 84d is read, and after “no coating unevenness” information is stored in the history information storage unit 81 as history information of the wafer W. (Step S18), if there is no unprocessed wafer W left, the process ends (Step S19 ⁇ End). If the unprocessed wafer W remains, the next wafer W2 is carried into the housing 3 and the processes from the process S12 to the process S17 are performed (process S20).
- the history information creation program 84d is read, and the information “with coating unevenness” is stored in the history information storage unit 81 as history information of the wafer W (step S18). ) If the unprocessed wafer W does not remain, the process is terminated (step S19). If the unprocessed wafer W remains, the next wafer W is carried into the apparatus. Then, processes from process SI 2 to process SI 7 are performed (process S20). Then, when the processing of all the wafers W in the same lot is completed, the wafer W with uneven coating is extracted based on the history information, and the wafer W is sent to the next process without uneven coating.
- step S18 it is determined whether or not the wafer W having uneven coating is subjected to a detailed inspection or the like. If it is determined that there is uneven coating, an alarm may be sounded to warn the operator, and if the level of uneven coating is further large, that is, the number of assigned areas with logic ⁇ 1 '' is large. If it is too high, the control unit 73 may activate an interlock that stops the device. If the information on the presence / absence of coating unevenness is assigned to the wafer W is referred to as “marking”, the history information may not necessarily have a configuration in which the presence / absence of coating unevenness is added to software as in this example. For example, you can make a hardware mark anywhere on the wafer W!
- the wafer rotation speed by the spin chuck 31 is maintained at a predetermined set value based on the detection result of the coating unevenness. be able to.
- the inspection result can be stored in the history information of the wafer W, the rejected wafer W that cannot be made into a product can be easily distinguished.
- it is quite controllable to separate the carrier W for returning unevenly coated wafer W, the normal wafer, and the carrier for returning W and separating them by the transfer arm mechanism A. It is difficult for the operator to stop the apparatus and separate the wafer W even if the coating unevenness is difficult. Therefore, the configuration of the control system of the apparatus can be simplified by adopting a configuration in which the wafer W of the same lot is processed at once as shown in this example and then the coating unevenness is extracted based on the history information. There is also an advantage that the burden on the operator can be reduced.
- image data before application of all wafers W it is not always necessary to acquire image data before application of all wafers W. For example, image data before application of only the first wafer W of a lot is acquired, and other data of the same lot is acquired.
- the image data of the leading wafer W may be used to determine a coating failure. Since product wafers are kept clean and rarely contaminated, the brightness is affected by the underlying material and pattern. Many. Therefore, for the case where the same pattern is formed on the same base, throughput can be improved by omitting acquisition of image data before coating.
- the line sensor 72 and the light source 71 are slid in a state where the wafer W is supported by the spin chuck 31 or the substrate support pins, and the one end force of the wafer W is scanned across the other end. Try to get an image.
- a line sensor camera is disposed above the wafer W instead of the line sensor 72, and the line sensor camera is rotated by 180 ° relative to the wafer W to acquire an image. May be.
- a line sensor camera having a shorter length may be used, and a lens may be arranged under the camera to secure an imaging region that spans the diameters of Ueno and W.
- an image may be acquired by imaging the surface of the wafer W using a CCD camera.
- the image data is not limited to the configuration in which the image is acquired while being supported by the transfer arm mechanism A.
- image data before and after application is acquired while being placed on the spin chuck 31. You may do it.
- the CCD camera 8 is disposed above the peripheral edge of one end of W, and the other end sandwiching the center of the wafer W
- a planar illumination 81 is disposed above the surface of the wafer W, and the illumination 81 irradiates the entire surface of the wafer W, while the CCD camera 8 images the entire surface of the wafer W to acquire image data. Even with such a configuration, the same effect as described above can be obtained.
- the coating unevenness may be determined based only on the image data Da after coating instead of the difference data (Da ⁇ Db) before and after coating.
- V is clean and has no pattern! / Wafer W
- a preliminary test is performed to determine how much the brightness changes depending on the pattern shape (pattern density, etc.) of the base, and depending on the pattern shape formed on the wafer W to be inspected. By correcting the brightness, the influence of the background can be reduced.
- the binary key processing may be performed after the difference is first obtained.
- image processing is not limited to binarization processing. Processing such as taking into account the degree of divergence may be performed using the absolute value of the separation or the square value as it is.
- R, G, and B image data may be acquired and used as color image data. In this case, it is also possible to make a judgment based on at least one of the R, G, and B data.
- the present invention can also be applied to a heat treatment of a substrate other than the semiconductor wafer W, such as an LCD substrate or a photomask reticle substrate, as the substrate to be processed.
- the coating solution is not limited to a resist, and any coating solution formed by dissolving a coating film forming component in a solvent can be applied. Specific examples of other coating solutions include a coating solution for forming an insulating film. Can be mentioned.
- Reference numeral B1 in the figure denotes a carrier mounting portion for carrying in and out a carrier C in which, for example, 13 wafers W are stored.
- the carrier mounting unit B1 includes a carrier station 90 including a mounting table 90a on which a plurality of carriers C can be mounted, an opening / closing unit 91, and a delivery unit A1 for taking out the wafer W from the carrier C force through the opening / closing unit 91. Is provided.
- a processing unit B2 surrounded by a casing 92 is connected to the carrier mounting unit B1.
- This processing section B2 receives the Ueno and W between each of the processing units including the coating and developing unit and the shelves U 1, U 2, U 3 in which heating / cooling units are multi-staged in order from the front side.
- Main transfer means A2 and A3 are arranged alternately.
- the shelf units Ul, U2, U3 and the main transport means A2, A3 are arranged in series, and an opening (not shown) is formed at a connection portion between them. Through the opening, the wafer W can freely move in the processing section B1 from the shelf unit U1 on one end side to the shelf unit U3 on the other end side.
- the main transport means A2 and A3 are spaces surrounded by a partition wall 93 composed of one surface part on the shelf unit Ul, U2, U3 side, one surface part on the liquid processing uts U4, U5 side, and the back surface part. It is arranged in.
- Reference numerals 94 and 95 in the figure denote temperature / humidity control units equipped with a temperature control device for the processing liquid used in each unit, a duct for temperature / humidity control, and the like.
- the liquid processing units U4 and U5 are, for example, a coating unit COT, a developing unit DEV, and an antireflection film forming unit BARC that are stacked in five stages.
- These liquid processing system units 2 contain tanks for chemical solutions such as coating solutions (resist solutions) and developers. It is provided on the storage section 96.
- various heat treatment units are stacked in, for example, nine stages.
- the heat treatment system unit includes a post-exposure heating unit (PEB) in which a substrate heating device is united, a heating unit for heating (beta) the wafer W, a cooling unit for cooling the wafer W, and the like.
- PEB post-exposure heating unit
- An exposure unit B4 is connected to the shelf unit U3 of the processing unit B2 via an interface unit B3.
- the interface unit B3 includes a first transfer chamber 97 and a second transfer chamber 98, and includes two transfer means A4 and A5 for transferring the wafer W between the processing unit B2 and the exposure unit B4, and a shelf.
- the carrier C is placed on the placement table 90a of the carrier placement part B1, the lid is removed from the carrier C, and the wafer W is taken out by the transfer means A1.
- the wafer W is delivered to the main transfer means A2 via a delivery unit (not shown) of the shelf unit U1, and an antireflection film forming process and a cooling process are performed in the shelf units U1 to U3.
- the wafer W is transferred to the coating unit 2 (COT), and a predetermined chemically amplified resist is applied to the wafer W.
- the chemically amplified resist is, for example, an ESCAP resist (for example, M20G; a product of Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. (JSR)) or an Acetal resist (for example, UV135, a product of Shipley)!
- JSR Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.
- Acetal resist for example, UV135, a product of Shipley
- the wafer W is heated (beta treatment) by a heating unit that forms one shelf of the shelf units U1 to U3. After cooling, the wafer W passes through the delivery unit of the shelf unit U3 to the interface unit B3. It is brought in. In this interface section B3, the wafer W is transferred along the path of delivery means A4 ⁇ shelf unit U6 ⁇ delivery means A5. Then, the wafer W is transferred from the interface unit B3 to the exposure unit B4 and subjected to exposure processing. After the exposure, the wafer W is transferred to the main transfer means A2 through the reverse path, and developed by the developing unit DEV to form a resist mask. After the squeezing force, the wafer W is returned to the original carrier C1 on the mounting table 90a, and the wafer W determined to have a coating defect is extracted.
- the substrate after coating is taken out from the substrate platform by the transport arm mechanism.
- Image data Da on the surface of the substrate is acquired and the presence / absence of coating unevenness is determined based on the image data Da. The result can be effectively reflected in subsequent substrates to be processed next.
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
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Abstract
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JP2004229558A JP4295175B2 (ja) | 2004-08-05 | 2004-08-05 | 塗布成膜装置及び塗布成膜方法 |
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Cited By (2)
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CN110475618A (zh) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-11-19 | 马自达汽车株式会社 | 涂敷方法及涂敷装置 |
CN112285067A (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-29 | 山东卓俊实业有限公司 | 一种制备高均匀性样品薄膜的方法 |
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JP2007212230A (ja) | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-23 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 欠陥検査方法,欠陥検査システム及びコンピュータプログラム |
JP2007240519A (ja) | 2006-02-08 | 2007-09-20 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 欠陥検査方法、欠陥検査装置及びコンピュータプログラム |
US7856939B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-12-28 | Transitions Optical, Inc. | Recirculation spin coater with optical controls |
JP5093447B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-21 | 2012-12-12 | 独立行政法人 国立印刷局 | ワイピングローラ成形装置 |
US8435593B2 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2013-05-07 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Method of inspecting a substrate and method of preparing a substrate for lithography |
JP4982527B2 (ja) | 2009-06-08 | 2012-07-25 | 株式会社東芝 | 成膜装置及び成膜方法 |
JP5616279B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-12 | 2014-10-29 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板保持装置、基板処理装置、基板処理方法、及び基板処理プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体 |
JP6972939B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-07 | 2021-11-24 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理装置、半導体装置の製造方法、及び記憶媒体 |
US20210129166A1 (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-06 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Systems and Methods for Spin Process Video Analysis During Substrate Processing |
US11168978B2 (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2021-11-09 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Hardware improvements and methods for the analysis of a spinning reflective substrates |
US11738363B2 (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2023-08-29 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Bath systems and methods thereof |
TW202342180A (zh) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-11-01 | 日商東京威力科創股份有限公司 | 塗佈處理方法,記憶媒體以及塗佈處理裝置 |
TW202405893A (zh) * | 2022-06-24 | 2024-02-01 | 日商東京威力科創股份有限公司 | 基板處理裝置及基板處理方法 |
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