WO2006010304A1 - .dispositif de changement de vitesse automatique pour une bicyclette - Google Patents

.dispositif de changement de vitesse automatique pour une bicyclette Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006010304A1
WO2006010304A1 PCT/CN2005/000411 CN2005000411W WO2006010304A1 WO 2006010304 A1 WO2006010304 A1 WO 2006010304A1 CN 2005000411 W CN2005000411 W CN 2005000411W WO 2006010304 A1 WO2006010304 A1 WO 2006010304A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
worm
worm wheel
shaped bracket
bicycle
double
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2005/000411
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Siuleung Kwok
Koonleung Kwok
Original Assignee
Siuleung Kwok
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siuleung Kwok filed Critical Siuleung Kwok
Priority to EP05732900A priority Critical patent/EP1775210A4/en
Priority to CNB2005800000903A priority patent/CN100363229C/zh
Publication of WO2006010304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006010304A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M9/00Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/04Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio
    • B62M9/06Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/10Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/12Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like the chain, belt, or the like being laterally shiftable, e.g. using a rear derailleur
    • B62M9/121Rear derailleurs
    • B62M9/123Rear derailleurs changing gears automatically

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic shifter, and more particularly to an automatic bicycle shifter that can perform an automatic shifting operation of a rear derailleur according to the speed of the bicycle.
  • a bicycle with a shifting function is generally provided with a plurality of rear sprocket wheels and a rear derailleur at the rear of the frame F.
  • the manual shifting operation unit mounted on the handlebar is used to pull the tension sprocket of the rear derailleur to move the chain originally engaged on one of the rear sprocket parallel to the other.
  • the rear sprocket changes the gear position.
  • FIG 10 shows a typical prior art derailleur 100.
  • the rear derailleur includes a base member 101 mounted on the bicycle frame F; a movable member 103 supporting the chain guide 102, which then rotatably supports a guide sprocket 104 and a tight chain The wheel 105; and the link 110 rotatably coupled between the base member 101 and the movable member 103 via the reversing pins 106, 107, 108, 109.
  • a sheath 113 of a control cable 112 is attached to the base member 101, and an inner core 114 is coupled to the link 110.
  • Pulling and drying the inner core 114 causes the movable member 103 to move relative to the base member 101, and then the movable member 103 causes the chain guide 102 to guide a chain C to a set of chains in a conventional manner under the tension of the return spring 115.
  • an automatic bicycle shifter characterized in that it Included: a rotary output member coaxially fixed to the inner hub of the bicycle rear wheel; a rear derailleur; a shift operating device adapted to be mounted on the bicycle frame, and an inner hub of the rear wheel of the bicycle
  • the upper rotating output member is connected, and is connected to the rear derailleur by a connecting rod and is subjected to a shifting operation
  • the shift operating device comprises: a casing having a bottom wall, a left side wall, and a right a side wall, a middle wall and a top plate integral with the middle wall; an upper worm rotatably supported between the left side wall and the right side wall of the housing at an upper end position of the housing, the left end portion of which has a left-handed a helical tooth having a round rod at a right end thereof; a lower worm mounted on the lower end of the housing and rotatably supported between the left side wall and the middle wall of the housing and parallel to the upper worm,
  • the worm wheel meshes with the lower worm, and the meshing point tangentially turns the worm wheel toward the support shaft side.
  • the direction of the worm wheel is rotated counterclockwise; the side of the worm wheel is provided with a ' ⁇ !, a stud, which can be displaced between the two ends of the groove in a circular groove on the side of the worm wheel a revolving rod is rotatably mounted on the worm wheel shaft, the revolving head is adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the worm wheel, and is supported by a free end of a spring wire fixed to the front L-shaped bracket, and driven by the small stud, Rotating head Moving to the point of meshing between the worm wheel and the upper and lower worms to separate the two; a stroke frame mechanism having a frame body movable left and right within the housing, the upper end of the frame body having internal threads engageable with the lead screw, a fork-shaped bracket piece is swing
  • a small bearing is arranged below the side of the stroke frame body, when the stroke frame body moves to the side In the left or right position, the small bearing can be in sliding contact with the left or right oblique side in the opening of the travel limiting piece;
  • a double fulcrum elastic member fixedly coupled to the lower end of the stroke frame mechanism, having a bottom plate disposed on the bottom plate The lower left and right fulcrums, an inverted T-shaped sliding piece on the fulcrum that can swing around one of the two fulcrums, and a tension spring connected between the fulcrum of the top end of the sliding piece and the fixed point of the lower end of the bottom plate, Top slide fulcrum is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod and the rear derailleur is rotatably connected.
  • the rotary output member includes a bevel gear
  • the input transmission mechanism includes a pinion gear connected to the left end of the upper worm, and a pinion gear connected to the left end of the lower worm. Setting the two pinions between it and it An intermediate gear that meshes with the same, and a bevel gear fixedly coupled coaxially with the intermediate gear.
  • the worm wheel Engaged with the high-speed rotating upper worm to make the output transmission produce a low-speed rotary output in one direction; when the worm wheel on the double L-shaped bracket is in the middle position between the upper and lower worms, the outer peripheral surface of the worm gear tip is up and down, The worm has a certain distance between the crests to stop the power transmission; when the double L-shaped bracket swings counterclockwise around the support shaft, the worm wheel meshes with the high-speed rotating lower worm to make the output transmission device rotate in the opposite direction at a low speed.
  • the small boss is inserted at one end of a flat strip, and the other end of the flat strip is rotatably supported on the worm shaft.
  • the distance between the ends of the circular arc groove is changed to increase or decrease the reverse stroke to cancel the gap of each movable member.
  • the position of the right bevel of the stroke limiting piece is provided with a limiting elastic piece, and the right side of the frame body of the stroke frame mechanism is provided with a tab, when the stroke
  • the double L-shaped bracket swings clockwise due to the action of the rotary lever, so that the worm wheel is separated from the lower worm, and the tab abuts against the limit elastic piece.
  • the double L-shaped bracket cannot be swung in the counterclockwise direction, and the stop stroke mechanism continues to move to the right.
  • a small gap is left between the fork frame of the stroke frame mechanism and the frame body, and the fork frame is delayed to push the fork frame to reverse the reverse rotation of the worm wheel. Turn about 1/3 turn more, so that the connection point between the tension spring and the fork frame stops at the same position as when it is rotated in the forward direction.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the bicycle automatic shifter of the present invention attached to a bicycle frame;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection of the shift operating device, the rear derailleur and the bicycle rear sprocket of the bicycle automatic shifter of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the assembly of the shift operating device of the bicycle shifter of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the shift operating device of the bicycle automatic shifter of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an assembled side view of the shift operating device of the bicycle automatic shifter of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 5, showing a schematic view of the action of the flying-protruding mechanism and the carrier mechanism;
  • Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of the small stud and the rotating rod on the worm wheel
  • Figure 8 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the limiting elastic piece
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of the operation of the double fulcrum elastic member
  • Figure 10 is a side elevational view of a prior art rear derailleur coupled to a bicycle frame. detailed description
  • the automatic bicycle shifter 1 of the present invention is constituted by a shift operating device 2 and a rear derailleur 3.
  • the inner hub of the bicycle W is coaxially coupled to a bevel gear 4 as a rotary output member, and then the wheel W is rotated in a clockwise direction as shown.
  • the rotary output member can also be spur gear or other means.
  • the shift operating device 2 is fixed to the bicycle frame F such that an input bevel gear 11 (described later) engages with the bevel gear 4 on the rear wheel W.
  • the rear derailleur 3 is mounted on the lower portion of the shift operating device.
  • the rear derailleur 3 can adopt a general-purpose rear derailleur, but only removes the return spring therein, and installs an Arabic numeral "7"-shaped push-pull rod 5a at the proximal pin 107 of the connecting rod 110, It is pivotally connected to a double-point elastic member 90 (described later) of the shift operating device 2 via a connecting rod 5, by which the movable member of the rear derailleur 3 can be respectively opposed to the base member Moving in the direction, the chain C is transposed to the lower position of the other sprocket, thereby performing a shifting operation.
  • the housing 14 has a bottom wall 15, a left side wall 16, a right side wall 17, and a middle wall 18. Fix one between the left and right side walls 16, 17 Slider 19.
  • an upper worm 21 is rotatably mounted in the support hole 16a of the left side wall 16 and the support hole 17a of the right side wall 17,
  • the portion between the left side wall 16 and the middle wall 18 has left-handed helical teeth, and the end of the upper worm 21 projecting from the left side wall 16 has a pinion 22.
  • a lower worm 24 parallel to the upper worm 21 is rotatably mounted on the support 7 hole 16b of the left side wall 16 and the support hole 18a of the middle wall 18, and the lower worm 24 is provided with a left-handed rotator
  • the helical teeth, the end of the lower worm 24 extending from the left side wall 16 are also provided with a pinion 25.
  • An intermediate gear 26 is disposed between the pinion gears 22 and 25.
  • the intermediate gear 26 is coaxially fixedly coupled with a bevel gear 11 .
  • the pinion gear 22 , the intermediate gear 26 , the pinion gear 25 , and the bevel gear 11 form an input transmission mechanism 27 . .
  • the bevel gear 11 meshes with the bevel gear 4 on the rear wheel W, so that when the rear wheel W is in accordance with the drawing of Fig. 1,
  • the upper worm 21 and the lower worm 24 can be driven to rotate at a high speed in the same direction (clockwise when viewed from the left direction in Fig. 3).
  • the flying gyro clutch mechanism 30 includes a pair of flying turrets 32 swingably mounted on both sides of the right end portion between the middle wall 18 and the right side wall 17 of the upper worm 21, one at the right end of the upper worm 21
  • the sliding rod portion 33 of the round rod portion sliding left and right on the left side of the flying tower 32, and the wire rod 34 connecting the two flying feathers 32 and the sliding sleeve 33 respectively.
  • FIGS 3 through 6 also show the carrier mechanism 40.
  • the carrier mechanism 40 includes an inverted double L-shaped bracket 41.
  • Each of the L-shaped brackets is provided with a pivot hole 42 at a corner portion thereof, and is disposed around an upper and lower worm disposed on the bottom wall 15 of the housing 14.
  • the support shaft 43 between 21 and 24 is swung, and both ends of the support shaft 43 are respectively fixed to the bottom wall 15 and the top plate 45 which is integrated with the middle wall 18.
  • the end of the lower arm 47 of each L-shaped bracket 41 is provided with a mounting hole 49 for fixing the worm shaft 48.
  • the mounting hole 49 and the pivot hole 42 of the front L-shaped bracket 41 There is provided a hole 52 for fixing one end of a tension spring 51, and the other end of the spring 51 is fixed to a stroke frame (described later).
  • a semicircular end 55 is provided which abuts against the right side of the sliding sleeve 33 of the flying gyro clutch mechanism 30, and when the sliding sleeve 33 slides to the right, it pushes The end 55 allows the silent L-shaped bracket 41 to swing in the clockwise direction about the support shaft 43.
  • the double L-shaped bracket 41 can be counterclockwise under the tension of the tension spring 51.
  • the carrier mechanism 40 further includes a travel limiting piece 57 integrally coupled to the L-shaped bracket 41.
  • the travel limiting piece 57 has a rectangular flat shape that is open upwardly, and has about 45° on each side of the opening.
  • Left oblique side 58 and right oblique side 59 When the stroke frame mechanism 80 moves left and right, the small bearing 98 (described later) thereon slides along the left oblique side 58 or the right oblique side 59, so that the double L-shaped bracket 41 can be swung around the support shaft 43.
  • FIGS 3 through 6 also show an output transmission mechanism 60.
  • the output transmission mechanism 60 includes a bevel gear 61 rotatably mounted on a support shaft 43 and a spur gear 62.
  • the bevel gear 61 and the spur gear 62 are coaxially fixedly coupled; one rotatably supported in the housing 14
  • the bevel gear 64 in the wall 18, the bevel gear 64 meshes with the bevel gear 61; the right end of the bevel gear 64 is connected to a lead screw 65, and the other end of the lead screw 65 is supported by the support hole of the right side wall 17 of the casing 14.
  • the lead screw 65 can be engaged with the stroke frame mechanism 80, which will be described later, to move the stroke frame mechanism 80 to the left and right.
  • the output transmission mechanism 60 further includes a worm gear 68 rotatably mounted on the worm shaft 48 and a spur gear 69 coaxially fixedly coupled to the yoke 68.
  • the spur gear 69 is retained with a spur gear 62 mounted on the support shaft 43.
  • the worm shaft 48 is fixed in the two mounting holes 49 of the lower arm 47 of the double L-shaped bracket 41. Since the double L-shaped bracket 41 is swingable about the support shaft 43, the worm gear 68 can also be swung around the support shaft 43.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the addendum of the worm wheel 68 and the addendum of the upper and lower worms 21, 24 are kept at a certain distance, for example, about 1 mm.
  • the worm wheel 68 can be quickly engaged with the upper worm 21, and the meshing point pushes the worm wheel in a direction tangentially toward the side of the support shaft, and the left-handed helical teeth of the upper worm 21
  • the worm wheel 68 is rotated in the clockwise direction, and the screw 65 is driven clockwise via the transmission of the spur gear 69, the spur gear 62, the bevel gear 61 and the bevel gear 64 (from the figure) 4 left to observe) rotate.
  • the worm wheel 68 can be quickly meshed with the lower worm 24, and the meshing point pushes the worm wheel in the direction of the tangential direction toward the side of the support shaft, which is driven by the left-handed helical teeth of the lower worm 24.
  • the worm wheel 68 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction.
  • a small stud 72 is provided on the side of the worm gear 68.
  • the small stud 72 can be located at the ends of the recess in a circular arc-shaped recess 73 on the side of the worm gear 68.
  • a revolving lever 74 is rotatably mounted on the worm shaft 48, and the head 75 of the revolving lever 74 is adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the apex of the worm wheel 68.
  • the small stud 72 drives the revolving lever 74 to rotate, and when the gyroscopic head 75 reaches the meshing point of the worm wheel 68 and the upper worm 21, the worm gear 68 and the upper worm wheel 68 The worm 21 is separated. After the separation, the revolving lever 74 is at the right position of the hour hand 12 o'clock and the small stud 72 is on the left side of the revolving lever 74.
  • the small protrusion 72 rotates the revolving lever 74 in a clockwise direction to separate the two, and the revolving lever 74 also stops at the right side of the hour hand 12 o'clock and the small stud 72 is to the left of the revolving lever 74.
  • the worm wheel 68 meshes with the lower worm 24 and rotates counterclockwise.
  • the small stud 72 on the left side of the revolving lever 74 it will be rotated 1 turn to the right of the revolving lever 74 to drive the revolving lever to the worm gear. 68, the point of engagement with the lower worm 24, the position of the instant needle 6 points, so that the two are separated. Since the worm wheel is 180 degrees out of phase with the upper, lower and worm joints, the sprocket wheel is separated from the upper or lower worm and then meshed with the same worm. It only separates once after one rotation, and separates from the other worm. , it takes more than one turn (about 1 1/3 turn) to separate, so that it just cancels the gap between the moving parts in the reverse rotation, making the shifting movement smooth.
  • a spring wire 77 is attached to the end of the lower arm 47 of the front L-shaped bracket 41, the free end 78 of which extends to the outer peripheral surface of the worm wheel 68, which can be rotated.
  • the head 75 is supported to prevent the swing head 75 from rotating between the worm wheel 68 and the lower worm 24 due to its own weight, so that it is separated early, affecting normal operation, but small Driven by the studs 72, the swivel head 75 can spring the free end 78 of the spring wire 77 to continue to rotate.
  • the small boss 72 is inserted at one end of a flat strip 79, and the other end of the flat strip 79 has a circular hole 79a rotatably supported on the worm wheel shaft 48.
  • the small studs 72 can also be mounted in other ways, such as in the arcuate recesses 73.
  • the tripod mechanism 80 is also shown in Figures 3-6.
  • the frame mechanism 80 includes a frame body 81.
  • the lower end of the frame body 81 is provided with a support hole 82.
  • the slide bar 19 fixed on the casing 14 can be slid to the left and right.
  • the upper end of the frame body 81 is provided with an internal thread 83. Engaged with the threads of the lead screw 65.
  • a fork-shaped bracket piece 85 is provided, the rear end of which is rotatably mounted on a point 86 of the frame body 81.
  • the round hole 87a of the upper end 87 of the fork piece at the front end of the fork-shaped frame piece 85 is pulled on the carrier mechanism 40.
  • the other end of the extension spring 51 is connected, and the lower end 88 of the fork has a sloping edge 88a which is gradually downwardly disengaged.
  • the fork is made The sheet 85 is swung counterclockwise about the fulcrum 86, thereby further stretching the tension spring 51 to enhance its tensile force to balance with the increased centrifugal force of the flyweight 32.
  • a double-point elastic member 90 (see FIG. 9) is further fixedly coupled to the lower end position of the stroke frame mechanism 80, and includes a bottom plate 91, and two left and right fulcrums 92a and 92b disposed at a lower portion of the bottom plate 91, and are placed at the fulcrum 92a.
  • the slider 93 At the top fulcrum 94 of the slider 93, it is connected to the rear derailleur 3 via a pivotally connected connecting rod 5 (see Figs. 2 and 3) so as to be connected when the stroke frame mechanism 80 is moved left and right.
  • the rod 5 moves the movable member of the rear derailleur 3 relative to the base member, translating the chain C to a smaller rear sprocket or a larger rear sprocket position.
  • a small bearing 98 is disposed below the side of the frame 81 of the travel frame mechanism 80, and the small bearing 98 is located between the left and right oblique sides 58 and 59 of the opening of the travel limit stop 57 of the carrier mechanism 40.
  • the small bearing 98 abuts and slides along the left oblique side 58 of the travel limiter 57, so that the double L-shaped bracket 41 of the carrier mechanism 40 is pressed.
  • the counterclockwise swing causes the worm wheel 68 to disengage from the upper worm 21, and the stop stroke frame mechanism 80 continues to move to the left.
  • the small bearing 98 abuts and slides along the right oblique side 59 of the travel limit piece 57.
  • a limit elastic piece 99 is provided at a position of the travel limit piece 57 near the right oblique side 59, and the right side of the frame 81 of the stroke frame mechanism 80 is provided.
  • a tab 81a when the stroke frame mechanism 80 is moved to the right to a position corresponding to the lowest gear position, the small boss 72 on the side of the worm wheel brings the swing head 75 to the coupling point of the worm wheel 68 and the lower worm 24, so that The L-shaped bracket 41 swings clockwise to separate the worm wheel 68 from the lower worm 24.
  • the tab 81a on the frame 81 abuts against the limiting elastic piece 99, so that the double L-shaped bracket 41 of the carrier mechanism 40 cannot swing in the counterclockwise direction, and the stop stroke mechanism 80 continues to move to the right.
  • the shift operating device Since the shift operating device is to be turned to a high gear or kept at a high speed, the bicycle needs to have a certain speed, so at a slow speed, for example, stopping the bicycle at a high speed brake, then starting again, or getting off after an emergency stop, due to restarting Or the implementation is a slow relationship, the shift operating device will return to the 1st position.
  • the rear wheel W starts to rotate, and its rotation is rotated by the input transmission mechanism 27 of the shift operating device 2 to rotate the upper worm 21 and the lower worm 24 in the same direction. Due to the lower rotation speed, the flying turret 32 of the flying yoke clutch mechanism 30 No action, the travel stand mechanism 80 is still in the rightmost position, and the rear derailleur 3 is operated in the lowest gear. As the pedals rotate faster, the rear wheel W begins to accelerate, and the upper and lower worms 21 and 24 are rotated at a higher rotational speed. The flying turret 32 is opened at a certain angle by the centrifugal force, and the sliding sleeve 33 is pulled to the right by the pulling wire 34.
  • the sliding sleeve pushes the double L-shaped bracket 41 of the carrier mechanism 40 to the right to rotate in the clockwise direction, and drives the worm wheel 68 to mesh with the upper worm 21. Since the meshing point of the worm wheel 68 and the upper worm 21 is in an oblique relationship with respect to the pivot point (the support shaft 43) of the worm wheel 68, the direction of rotation of the left-handed upper worm 21 pushes the worm wheel 68 toward the pivot point, thus making the worm wheel Once the upper worm is in contact, it will automatically engage tightly without any impact such as impact. At this time, the rotation of the upper worm 21 is rotated in the clockwise direction as viewed from the left in Fig. 4 via the transmission of the output transmission mechanism 60.
  • the internal thread 83 of the stroke frame mechanism 80 meshes with the thread of the lead screw 65 (normally a right-handed thread) to start moving to the left, and the double-point elastic member 90 passes the connecting rod 5 to the rear derailleur 3 Change position to the higher speed ⁇ second gear position. Since the worm wheel 68 rotates once every forward shift, the small boss 72 on the worm wheel 68 rotates the swing rod 74 to the meshing point of the worm wheel 68 and the upper worm 21 to separate the two due to the mounting on the carrier.
  • the tension spring 51 between the double L-shaped bracket 41 of the mechanism 40 and the fork frame 85 of the stroke frame mechanism 80 increases as the stroke mechanism of the stroke frame mechanism 80 moves to the left, and the follow-up force with the flying bird 32
  • the centrifugal force balance which is increased by the increase of the rotational speed causes the worm wheel 68 to remain separated from the upper worm 21 and stay between the upper and lower worms 21, 24.
  • the rear derailleur 3 is also maintained at its corresponding shift stage. Number of locations.
  • the shift operating device 2 continues to automatically shift to a higher speed gear position.
  • the small stud 72 on the worm wheel 68 is displaced relative to the worm wheel 68 to the other end of the circular orphan groove 73, and then starts to rotate with the worm wheel 68, and therefore, on the worm wheel shaft 48.
  • the swinging rod 74 needs more than one turn of the worm wheel to be brought by the small stud 72 to the meshing point of the worm wheel 68 and the lower worm 24 to separate the two, so as to offset the gap of the movable part in the reverse direction, and the shifting action is smooth. .
  • the bicycle automatic shifter of the present invention does not require the rider to continuously shift gears by hand when in use, and can automatically perform shifting according to the change of the vehicle speed, which is very convenient to use.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)

Description

自行车自动换档器 技术领域
本发明涉及自动换档器, 特别涉及一种可根据自行车的速度而 对后拨链器进行自动换档操作的自行车自动换档器。
背景技术
具有变速功能的自行车, 一般是在车架 F 的后部装设有多片的 后链轮以及后拨链器。 骑自行车者欲进行变速时, 是利用装设在车 把上的手动变速操作单元来拉动后拨链器的张紧链轮以使得原本啮 合在其中一片后链轮上的链条平行地移动至其它的后链轮而改变档 位。
图 10 示出了一典型的现有技术拨链器 100。 该后拨链器包括一 个安装在自行车车架 F上的基件 101 ; 一个支承导链器 102的可动件 103 , 该导链器然后可转动地支承一导向链轮 104和一张紧链轮 105; 以及通过转销 106, 107, 108, 109可转动地连接在基件 101和可动 件 103之间的连杆 110。一控制索 112的护套 113固定在基件 101上, 并且其内芯 114连接于连杆 110。拉动和幹放内芯 114使得可动件 103 相对于基件 101移动,可动件 103然后使得导链器 102在复位弹簧 115 的张紧力作用下以传统方式引导一链条 C到达一组链轮 G1-G7下方 的所选位置。
因此, 在现有技术中, 当要进行自行车的变速时, 骑车者要用 手不断地操作变速操作单元, 用以例如拉动控制索使链条换到较小 链轮上以便换档至加速档位或者释放控制索使链条换到较大链轮上 以便换档至减速档位, 如此手动操作艮不方便, 不能实现自动换档。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种自行车自动换档器, 其可以响应自 行车后车轮的转速变化实现后拨链器的自动换档操作, 使用方便。
根据本发明, 提供一种自行车自动换档器, 其特征在于, 它包 确 认 本 括: 一同轴固定安装在自行车后车轮的内轮毂上的转动输出件; 一 后拨链器; 一适于安装在自行车车架上的变速操作装置, 其与所述 自行车后车轮的内轮毂上的转动输出件连接, 并且其通过一连接杆 与所述后拨链器连接并对其进行换档操作; 所述变速操作装置包括: 一壳体, 其具有底壁、 左侧壁、 右侧壁、 中壁及与中壁成一体的顶 板; 一安装在壳体靠上端位置、 可转动地支承在壳体的左侧壁和右 侧壁之间的上蜗杆, 其左端部分具有左旋的螺旋齿, 其右端具有圆 杆; 一安装在壳体靠下端位置、 可转动地支承在壳 的左侧壁和中 壁之间与上蜗杆平行的下蜗杆, 其上具有左旋的螺旋齿; 一输入传 动机构, 用于将安装在后车轮的内轮毂上的转动输出件的转动传送 给上蜗杆和下蜗杆, 使二者按从输入方向观察时的顺时针方向同向 快速转动; 一飞陀离合机构, 其具有一对可摆动地安装在上蜗杆右 端部位的两侧边上的飞陀, 一个可在上蜗杆的右端的圆杆部位在飞陀左 边左右滑动的滑套, 以及两根分别连接该两飞陀与滑套的拉线, 飞陀 在上蜗杆高速转动时产生的离心力的作用下向外张开, 通过拉线将 滑套拉向右边; 一齿轮架机构, 其具有一倒置的双 L形支架, 每个 L形支架的角部各设有一枢转孔, 可绕一个设置于壳体的底壁和顶板 上的位于上、 下蜗杆中间的支承轴摆动, 每个 L形支架的下臂的端 部设有蜗轮轴安装孔, 在前 L形支架的蜗轮轴安装孔与枢转孔之间 设有一固定孔, 用于固定一拉伸弹簧的一端, 在每个 L形支架的上 臂的端部设有一半圆形端头, 其顶靠在飞陀离合机构的滑套的右侧 面, 滑套的向右滑动推动端头使双 L形支架可绕支承轴按顺时针方 向摆动, 滑套停止推动端头时, 双 L形支架在拉伸弹簧的拉力作用 下可按逆时针方向摆动, 齿轮架机构还具有一个与双 L形支架连成 一体的行程限位片, 其开口内部两边各设有 45° 的左、 右斜边; 一 输出传动装置, 其具有可转动地安装在支承轴上的同轴固定连接的 一伞形齿轮和一正齿轮, 一可转动地支承在壳体的中壁上的伞形齿 轮, 其与支承轴上的伞形齿轮啮合, 一连接在所述壳体中壁上的伞 形齿轮的右端的丝杠, 该丝杠的另一端支承在右侧壁上, 以及可转 动地安装在一蜗轮轴上的同轴固定连接的一蜗轮和一正齿轮, 该蜗 轮轴固定在双 L形支架的下臂的端部的蜗轮轴安装孔中, 该蜗轮轴 上的正齿轮与支承轴上的正齿轮啮合, 当双 L形支架以顺时针方向 摆动时蜗轮与上蜗杆啮合, 啮合点将蜗轮沿切线向着支承轴一侧的 方向推动而使蜗轮按顺时针方向转动 , 当双 L形支架以逆时针方向 摆动时蜗轮与下蜗杆啮合, 啮合点将蜗轮沿切线向着支承轴一侧的 方向推动而使蜗轮按逆时针方向转动; 蜗轮的侧面上设有一' ·!、凸柱, 小凸柱可在蜗轮侧面上的一圆弧形凹槽内在凹槽两端之间移位, 在 蜗轮轴上可转动地装有一回旋杆, 其回旋杆头与蜗轮外周面相邻, 并由一固定在前 L形支架上的弹簧钢丝的自由端托住, 在小凸柱带 动下, 可使回旋杆头转动至蜗轮与上、 下蜗杆之间的啮合点使二者 分离; 一行程架机构, 其具有一可在壳体内左右移动的架体, 架体 的上端具有可与丝杠啮合的内螺紋, 架体上可摆动地装有一叉形架 片, 叉形架片的前端的叉片上端与齿轮架机构上的拉伸弹簧的另一 端连接, 叉片下端具有逐渐向下叉开的斜边, 与壳体底壁上的一支 架滑动接触, 使叉形架片上、 下摆动以调节拉伸弹簧的拉伸力; 行 程架架体的侧面下方设有一小轴承, 当行程架架体移动至靠左或靠 右位置时, 小轴承可与在行程限位片的开口内的左或右斜边滑动接 触; 一固定连接在行程架机构下端的双支点弹力部件, 其具有一底 板, 设置在底板下部的左、 右两个支点, 一卡置在支点上面可绕两 支点之一左右摆动的倒 T 字形滑动片, 以及一连接在滑动片顶端支 点和底板下端固定点之间的拉伸弹簧, 该滑动片顶端支点处可转动 地连接所述连接杆的一端, 连接杆的另一端与后拨链器可转动地连 接。
在上述的自行车自动换档器中, 最好所述转动输出件包括一伞 形齿轮, 所述输入传动机构包括一连接在上蜗杆左端的小齿轮, 一 连接在下蜗杆的左端的小齿轮, 一设置所述两个小齿轮之间的与它 们啮合的中间齿轮, 以及一与中间齿轮同轴固定连接的伞形齿轮, 在上述的自行车自动换档器中, 最好当所述双 L形支架绕支承 轴按顺时针方向摆动时, 蜗轮与高速转动的上蜗杆啮合连接, 使输 出传动装置产生一个方向的低速旋转输出; 当双 L形支架上的蜗轮 处于上、 下蜗杆之间的中间位置时蜗轮齿顶外周面与上、 下、 蜗杆 的齿顶之间保持一定间距, 停止动力传输; 当双 L形支架绕支承轴 按逆时针方向摆动时, 蜗轮与高速转动的下蜗杆啮合连接, 使输出 传动装置作反方向的低速旋转输出。
在上述的自行车自动换档器中, 最好所述小凸柱插置在一扁条 的一端, 该扁条的另一端可转动地支承在蜗轮轴上。
在上述的自行车自动换档器中, 最好所述圆弧型凹槽两端的距 离可改变来增减反向行程以抵消各活动部件的空隙。
在上述的自行车自动换档器中, 最好所述行程限位片的靠右斜 边的位置设有一限位弹性片, 所述行程架机构的架体的右侧设有凸 片, 当行程架机构右移到达最低档即一档位置时, 由于回旋杆的作 用, 令双 L形支架顺时针方向摆动, 使蜗轮与下蜗杆分离, 所述凸 片顶靠着所述限位弹性片, 使所述双 L形支架不能按逆时针方向摆 动, 停止行程机构继续右移。
在上述的自行车自动换档器中, 最好所述行程架机构的叉形架 片与架体连接处留有小空隙令行程架反向移动时延迟推动叉形架 片, 以抵消蜗轮逆向转动时多转约 1/3 圈, 令拉伸弹簧与叉形架片的 连接点停在与顺向转动时的同一位置。
附图说明
图 1 是连接于自行车车架的本发明的自行车自动换档器的侧视 图;
图 2是本发明的自行车自动换档器的变速操作装置、 后拨链器 与自行车后链轮的连接示意图; 图 3 是本发明的自行车换档器的变速操作装置的装配透视示意 图;
图 4 是本发明的自行车自动换档器的变速操作装置的分解透视 示意图;
图 5 是本发明的自行车自动换档器的变速操作装置的装配侧视 图;
图 6是图 5 的局部放大示意图, 示出飞陀离合机构及齿轮架机 构的动作示意图;
图 7是蜗轮上的小凸柱与回旋杆的分解示意图;
图 8是限位弹性片的局部放大示意图;
图 9是双支点弹力部件的动作示意图;
图 10是连接于自行车车架的现有技术的后拨链器的侧视图。 具体实施方式
图 1和图 2示出本发明的自行车自动换档器 1由变速操作装置 2 和后拨链器 3构成。 自行车的后车轮 W的内轮毂 H上同轴连接有一 作为转动输出件的伞形齿轮 4, 随后车轮 W —起按图中所示的顺时 针方向转动。 该转动输出件也可采用直齿轮或其它方式。 变速操作 装置 2固定在自行车车架 F上,使其上的一输入动力用的伞形齿轮 11 (后述)与后车轮 W上的伞形齿轮 4啮合。 后拨链器 3装设在变速 操作装置的下部。 后拨链器 3 可以采用一般通用的后拨链器, 只是 将其中的复位弹簧卸去不用, 另外, 在其连杆 110近转销 107 处装 设一阿拉伯数字 "7" 字形推拉杆 5a, 其通过一连接杆 5与变速操作 装置 2 的双支点弹力部件 90 (后述)可枢转地相连接, 通过该连接 杆 5使后拨链器 3 的可动件相对基件可分别在两个方向上移动, 使 链条 C换位至另一链轮的下方位置, 从而进行换档操作。
图 3至 5分别示出自行车自动换档器 1 的变速操作装置 2的装 配透视示意图、 分解透视示意图及装配示意图。 壳体 14具有底壁 15、 左侧壁 16、 右侧壁 17和中壁 18。 在左、 右侧壁 16、 17之间固定一 滑杆 19。
在壳体 14 内靠上端位置(相对变速操作装置安装使用时的位置 而言) , 在左侧壁 16的支承孔 16a和右侧壁 17的支承孔 17a中可转 动地安装有一上蜗杆 21 , 其位于左侧壁 16与中壁 18之间的部分具 有左旋的螺旋齿, 上蜗杆 21 的伸出左侧壁 16 的一端具有一小齿轮 22。 在壳体 14内靠下端位置, 在左侧壁 16的支 7 孔 16b和中壁 18 的支承孔 18a上可转动地安装有一与上蜗杆 21平行的下蜗杆 24, 下 蜗杆 24上设有左旋的螺旋齿, 下蜗杆 24伸出左侧壁 16的一端也设 有一小齿轮 25。 在小齿轮 22和 25之间介设有一中间齿轮 26, 中间 齿轮 26同轴固定连接有一伞形齿轮 11 ,上述小齿轮 22、中间齿轮 26、 小齿轮 25、 伞形齿轮 11 构成输入传动机构 27。 如前所述, 当变速 操作装置 2安装在车架 F上时, 该伞形齿轮 11与后车轮 W上的伞 形齿轮 4相啮合, 这样, 当后车轮 W按图 1的图面的顺时针方向转 动时, 就可带动上蜗杆 21和下蜗杆 24按相同的方向 (从图 3 中左 边方向观察时的顺时针方向) 高速转动。
图 3至 6示出变速操作装置 2中的飞陀离合机构 30。 该飞陀离 合机构 30包括一对可摆动地安装在上蜗杆 21的位于中壁 18和右侧 壁 17之间的右端部位的两侧边上的飞陀 32, 一个可在上蜗杆 21 的 右端的圆杆部位在飞陀 32左边左右滑动的滑套 33 , 以及两才艮分别连 接该两飞陀 32与滑套 33的拉线 34。 当上蜗杆 21高速转动时, 飞陀 32在离心力的作用下向外张开, 通过拉线 34将滑套 33向右边拉动, 如图 6中由虚线位置变换至实线位置。
图 3至 6还示出齿轮架机构 40。 该齿轮架机构 40包括一个倒置 的双 L形支架 41 , 在每个 L形支架的角部各设有一枢转孔 42, 可绕 一个设置于壳体 14的底壁 15的位于上、 下蜗杆 21、 24之间的支承 轴 43摆动, 该支承轴 43两端分别固定在底壁 15和与中壁 18成一 体的顶板 45上。 每个 L形支架 41的下臂 47的端部设有一用于固定 蜗轮轴 48的安装孔 49。 在前 L形支架 41的安装孔 49与枢转孔 42 之间设有一用于固定一拉伸弹簧 51 的一端的孔 52, 该弹簧 51 的另 一端固定至行程架(后述)上。 在每个 L形支架 41 的上臂 54的端 部设有一半圆形端头 55, 其顶靠在飞陀离合机构 30的滑套 33 的右 侧面, 当滑套 33向右滑动时, 推动端头 55使默 L形支架 41可绕支 承轴 43按顺时针方向摆动, 当滑套 33停止推动端头 55时, 双 L形 支架 41 在拉伸弹簧 51 的拉力作用下, 可按逆时针方向摆动。 齿轮 架机构 40还包括一个与又 L形支架 41连接成一体的行程限位片 57, 该行程限位片 57具有一个向上开口的长方形扁片形状, 在开口内两边 各设有约 45° 的左斜边 58和右斜边 59。 当行程架机构 80左右移动 时, 其上的小轴承 98 (后述) 沿左斜边 58或右斜边 59滑移, 可使 双 L形支架 41绕支承轴 43摆动。
图 3至 6还示出一输出传动机构 60。 输出传动机构 60包括可转 动地安装在一支承轴 43上的一个伞形齿轮 61和一个正齿轮 62, 伞 形齿轮 61和正齿轮 62同轴固定连接; 一个可转动地支承在壳体 14 的中壁 18中的伞形齿轮 64, 伞形齿轮 64与伞形齿轮 61啮合; 该伞 形齿轮 64右端连接一丝杠 65 , 丝杠 65的另一端支承在壳体 14的右 侧壁 17的支承孔 17b中, 该丝杠 65可与后述的行程架机构 80配合, 使行程架机构 80左右移动。 输出传动机构 60还包括可转动地安装 在蜗轮轴 48上的一蜗轮 68和一与埚轮 68同轴固定连接的正齿轮 69, 该正齿轮 69与安装在支承轴 43上的正齿轮 62保持啮合。 蜗轮轴 48 固定在双 L形支架 41的下臂 47的两安装孔 49中。 由于双 L形支架 41可绕支承轴 43摆动, 从而带动蜗轮 68也可绕支承轴 43摆动。 当 双 L形支架 41未摆动时, 蜗轮 68的齿顶外周面与上、 下蜗杆 21、 24 的齿顶之间保持一定间距, 例如 lmm左右。 这样, 当双 L形支架 41 以顺时针方向摆动时, 可使蜗轮 68迅速与上蜗杆 21 啮合, 啮合点 将蜗轮沿切线向着支承轴一侧的方向推动, 在上蜗杆 21 的左旋螺旋 齿的带动下使蜗轮 68按顺时针方向转动,经由正齿轮 69、正齿轮 62、 伞形齿轮 61及伞形齿轮 64的传动, 使丝杠 65按顺时针方向 (从图 4中左方观察)转动。 同样, 当双 L形支架 41以逆时针方向摆动时, 可使蜗轮 68迅速与下蜗杆 24啮合, 啮合点将蜗轮沿切线向着支承 轴一侧的方向推动, 在下蜗杆 24 的左旋螺旋齿的带动下使蜗轮 68 按逆时针方向转动。 这样, 通过输出传动机构 60 的作用, 可以使由 输入传动机构 27输入的转动运动转换为行程架机构 80 (后述) 的直 线运动。
从图 4、 5和图 7中可看到,在蜗轮 68的侧面上设有一小凸柱 72, 小凸柱 72可在蜗轮 68侧面上的一个圆弧形凹槽 73 内在凹槽两端之 间移动位置。 在蜗轮轴 48上还可转动地装有一回旋杆 74, 回旋杆 74 的杆头 75与蜗轮 68的齿顶外周面相邻。 假设蜗轮 68是与上蜗杆 21 啮合而按顺时针方向转动一圈时, 小凸柱 72 带动回旋杆 74转动, 回旋杆头 75到达蜗轮 68与上蜗杆 21 的啮合点时, 使蜗轮 68与上 蜗杆 21分离。 分离后回旋杆 74处于时针 12点的右边位置而小凸柱 72在回旋杆 74的左边, 此时如自行车加速, 飞陀离心力将齿轮架的 蜗轮 68拉向上与上蜗杆 21啮合, 小凸柱 72以顺时针方向带动回旋 杆 74转 1圏, 令二者分离, 回旋杆 74同样停在时针 12点的右边位 置而小凸柱 72在回旋杆 74的左边。 此时若自行车减速, 蜗轮 68与 下蜗杆 24啮合, 逆时针方向转动, 由于小凸柱 72在回旋杆 74左边 的关系, 将要转 1 圈到回旋杆 74的右边, 才能带动回旋杆转到蜗轮 68与下蜗杆 24的啮合点, 即时针 6点的位置, 令二者分离。 由于蜗 轮与上、 下、 蜗杆的啮合点相差 180度的关系, 因此埚轮与上或下 蜗杆分离后再与同一蜗杆啮合, 只须旋转 1 圈即会分离, 而分离后 与另一蜗杆啮合, 便须要旋转多过 1圈 (约 1 1/3圈) 才会分离, 如 此正好抵消反向转动时各活动部件之间的空隙, 令换档动作顺畅。 为令反向换档更准确, 可改变圆弧型凹槽两端的距离即可加减反向 旋转的行程。 从图 3、 4和 5中还可看到, 在前 L形支架 41的下臂 47 的端部上还固定有一弹簧钢丝 77, 其自由端 78伸到蜗轮 68的外周 面处, 可将回旋杆头 75托住, 避免回旋杆头 75 因自重而转动到蜗 轮 68 与下蜗杆 24之间, 令其提早分离, 影响正常操作, 但是在小 凸柱 72的带动下, 回旋杆头 75可将弹簧钢丝 77的自由端 78弹开 而继续转动。 在本实施例中, 如图 7 中所示, 小凸柱 72是插置在一 扁条 79的一端, 该扁条 79的另一端有圆孔 79a, 可转动地支承在蜗 轮轮轴 48 上。 当然, 该小凸柱 72还可采用其它的方式进行安装, 例如嵌装在圆弧形凹槽 73内。
图 3至 6中还示出行程架机构 80。 行程架机构 80包括架体 81 , 架体 81的下端设有支承孔 82, 可套置在固定于壳体 14上的滑杆 19 进行左右滑动, 架体 81 的上端设有一内螺纹 83 , 用于与丝杠 65 的 螺紋啮合。 设有一叉形架片 85 , 其后端可转动地安装在架体 81的一 支点 86上, 该叉形架片 85前端的叉片上端 87的圆孔 87a处与齿轮 架机构 40上的拉伸弹簧 51的另一端相连接, 叉片下端 88具有逐渐 向下叉开的倾斜边 88a, 当其可顶靠着壳体 14底壁 15上的一支架 89 向左滑动时, 使叉形架片 85 绕支点 86 逆时针方向摆动, 从而将拉 伸弹簧 51 进一步拉伸, 增强其拉伸力, 以与飞陀 32 的增大的离心 力平衡。 如前所述, 由于蜗轮 68每次操作的转动方向与刚完成的一 次操作相反时要比相同方向转动转多约 1/3 圈, 因此叉形架片 85与 行程架休 81的支点 86的连接处须留小许空隙 85a令行程架反向移动 时延远推动叉形架片以抵消蜗轮反向时多转的 1/3圈, 令拉伸弹簧 51 与叉形架片 85的连接点停在与顺向时同一位置。
在行程架机构 80的下端位置还固定连接有一双支点弹力部件 90 (参见图 9 ) , 其包括一底板 91 , 设置在底板 91下部的左右两个支 点 92a和 92b, —- ^置在支点 92a、 92b上面的倒 T字形滑动片 93 , 其可绕该两支点 92a和 92b之一左右摆动, 一连接在滑动片 93顶端 支点 94和底板 91的下端固定点 95之间的拉伸弹簧 96, 使滑动片 93 紧靠在两支点 92a和 92b上面。 在滑动片 93的顶端支点 94处, 通过 一可枢转连接的连接杆 5 (见图 2和 3 )与后拨链器 3相连接, 从而 当行程架机构 80左、 右移动时, 通过连接杆 5使后拨链器 3的可动 件相对基件移动, 使链条 C换位至较小的后链轮或较大的后链轮位 置上。 当自行车脚踏板停止转动时, 即链条 C停止移动时, 链条 C 不能换位。 因此, 当变速操作装置 2运转而脚踏板未有配合时, 如 果自行车后车轮的转速发生变化而使行程架机构发生移位, 该双支 点弹力部件 90便会以其中一支点 92a和 92b拉前或拉后将拉伸弹簧 96拉伸, 使连接在滑动片顶端支点 94上的连接杆 5保持不动, 直至 脚踏板再次转动, 即自动回复正常位置。
在行程架机构 80的架体 81 的侧面下方设置有一小轴承 98, 小 轴承 98位于齿轮架机构 40的行程限位片 57的开口的左、 右斜边 58 和 59之间。 当行程架机构 80 向左移动至相应于最高速档位的位置 时, 小轴承 98顶靠并沿行程限位片 57的左斜边 58滑动, 使齿轮架 机构 40的双 L形支架 41按逆时针方向摆动, 使蜗轮 68脱离开上蜗 杆 21 , 停止行程架机构 80 继续向左移动。 反之, 当行程架机构 80 向右移动至相应于最低速档位的位置时, 小轴承 98 顶靠并沿行程限 位片 57的右斜边 59滑动,
从图 3、 4、 6和 8中还可看出, 在行程限位片 57的靠近右斜边 59的位置处设有限位弹性片 99, 而行程架机构 80的架体 81的右侧 设有凸片 81a, 当行程架机构 80 向右移动至相应于最低速档位的位 置时, 蜗轮侧面的小凸柱 72将回旋杆头 75带到蜗轮 68与下蜗杆 24 的嗤合点, 使双 L形支架 41作顺时针方向摆动, 使蜗轮 68与下蜗 杆 24分离。 该架体 81上的凸片 81a顶靠着限位弹性片 99, 使齿轮 架机构 40的双 L形支架 41不能按逆时针方向摆动,停止行程机构 80 继续向右移动。
由于变速操作装置要转向高速档或保持在高速档, 自行车需要 有一定的速度, 因此在慢速时, 例如在高速档刹停自行车, 之后再 起步, 或急停后下车推行, 由于再起步或推行都是慢速的关系, 变 速操作装置都会返回 1档位置。
下面简单说明本发明自行车自动换档器的动作过程。
当自行车停止行走, 即后车轮 W停止转动时, 变速操作装置 2 中的行程架机构 80位于最右端位置, 后拨链器 3的导链器使链条 C 位于最低速档的笫一档 (最大后链轮) 的位置。
当自行车开始行走时, 后车轮 W开始转动, 其转动通过变速操 作装置 2的输入传动机构 27使上蜗杆 21和下蜗杆 24同向转动, 由 于转速较低, 飞陀离合机构 30的飞陀 32不会动作, 行程架机构 80 仍处于最右端位置, 后拨链器 3 按最低速档的笫一档运转。 随着脚 踏板的加快转动, 后车轮 W开始加速转动, 使上下蜗杆 21和 24以 较高转速转动, 飞陀 32在离心力作用下张开一定角度, 通过拉线 34 向右拉动滑套 33 , 该滑套向右推动齿轮架机构 40的双 L形支架 41 使其按顺时针方向转动, 带动蜗轮 68与上蜗杆 21啮合。 由于蜗轮 68 与上蜗杆 21 的啮合点相对蜗轮 68的枢转点 (支承轴 43 )呈斜角关 系, 左旋的上蜗杆 21 的转动方向将蜗轮 68推向枢转点的方向, 因 此使蜗轮与上蝸杆一经接触即会自动紧密接合, 不会有撞击等不良 情况。 此时, 上蜗杆 21的转动经由输出传动机构 60的传输使丝杠 65 沿图 4中的从左方观察的顺时针方向转动。 这时, 行程架机构 80的 内螺紋 83 与丝杠 65 的螺纹(正常情况下是右旋螺纹)啮合而开始 向左方向移动, 其双支点弹力部件 90通过连接杆 5使后拨链器 3换 位至较高速的笫二档位置。 由于每次顺向换档, 蜗轮 68都是旋转一 圈, 蜗轮 68上的小凸柱 72将回旋杆 74转动至蜗轮 68与上蜗杆 21 的啮合点, 使二者分离, 由于安装在齿轮架机构 40的双 L形支架 41 与行程架机构 80的叉形架片 85之间的拉伸弹簧 51随着行程架机构 80的向左移动其拉伸力增大, 与飞陀 32的随着其转速的增加而变大 的离心力平衡, 使蜗轮 68 与上蜗杆 21 分离后保持停留在上、 下蜗 杆 21、 24之间, 此时, 后拨链器 3也保持在其相应的换档级数位置。 如此, 随着后车轮 W的加速转动, 变速操作装置 2继续自动换档至 较高速的档位位置。
同样地, 当自行车减速, 即后车轮 W的转速减小, 飞陀 32 的 离心力变小, 这时在行程架机构 80的拉伸弹簧 51 的拉力的作用下, 使蜗轮 68 与下蜗杆 24 啮合, 从而与上述动作过程相反, 使行程架 机构 80向右方向移动, 相应地使后拨链器 3换位至较低速的一档。 此时蜗轮 68按逆时针方向逆向转动时, 蜗轮 68上的小凸柱 72相对 蜗轮 68移位至圆孤形凹槽 73的另一端后才开始随蜗轮 68转动, 因 此, 蜗轮轴 48上的回旋杆 74需要蜗轮回转多过一圏, 才被小凸柱 72 带到蜗轮 68 与下蜗杆 24 的啮合点而使两者分离, 如此正好抵消反 向时活动部分的空隙, 令换档动作顺畅。
从上面的说明可知, 本发明的自行车自动换档器在使用时不需 要骑车者不断用手操作换档, 可以根据车速变化自动进行换档, 使 用非常方便。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种自行车自动换档器, 其特征在于, 它包括:
一同轴固定安装在自行车后车轮的内轮毂上的转动输出件; 一后拨链器;
一适于安装在自行车车架上的变速操作装置, 其与所述自行车 后车轮的内轮毂上的转动输出件连接, 并且其通过一连接杆与所述 后拨链器连接并对其进行换档操作;
所述变速操作装置包括:
一壳体, 其具有底壁、 左侧壁、 右侧壁、 中壁及与中壁成一体 的顶板;
一安装在壳体靠上端位置、 可转动地支承在壳体的左侧壁和右 侧壁之间的上蜗杆, 其左端部分具有左旋的螺旋齿, 其右端具有圆 杆;
一安装在壳体靠下端位置、 可转动地支承在壳体的左侧壁和中 壁之间与上蜗杆平行的下蜗杆, 其上具有左旋的螺旋齿;
一输入传动机构, 用于将安装在后车轮的内轮毂上的转动输出 件的转动传送给上蜗杆和下蜗杆, 使二者按从输入方向观察时的顺 时针方向同向快速转动;
一飞陀离合机构, 其具有一对可摆动地安装在上蜗杆右端的圆 杆部位的两侧边上的飞陀, 一个可在上蜗杆的右端的圆杆部位在飞 陀左边左右滑动的滑套, 以及两根分别连接该两飞陀与滑套的拉线, 飞陀在上蜗杆高速转动时产生的离心力的作用下向外张开, 通过拉 线将滑套拉向右边;
一齿轮架机构, 其具有一倒置的双 L形支架, 每个 L形支架的 角部各设有一枢转孔, 可绕一个设置于壳体的底壁和顶板上的位于 上、 下蜗杆中间的支承轴摆动, 每个 L形支架的下臂的端部设有蜗 轮轴安装孔, 在前 L形支架的蜗轮轴安装孔与枢转孔之间设有一固 定孔, 用于固定一拉伸弹簧的一端, 在每个 L形支架的上臂的端部 设有一半圆形端头, 其顶靠在飞陀离合机构的滑套的右侧面, 滑套 的向右滑动推动端头使双 L形支架可绕支承轴按顺时针方向摆动, 滑套停止推动端头时, 双 L形支架在拉伸弹簧的拉力作用下可按逆 时针方向摆动, 齿轮架机构还具有一个与双 L形支架连成一体的行 程限位片, 其开口内部两边各设有 45° 的左、 右斜边;
一输出传动装置, 其具有可转动地安装在支承轴上的同轴固定 连接的一伞形齿轮和一正齿轮, 一可转动地支承在壳体的中壁上的 伞形齿轮, 其与支承轴上的伞形齿轮啮合, 一连接在所述壳体中壁 上的伞形齿轮的右端的丝杠, 该丝杠的右端支承在右侧壁上, 以及 可转动地安装在一蜗轮轴上的同轴固定连接的一蜗轮和一正齿轮, 该蜗轮轴固定在双 L形支架的下臂的端部的蜗轮轴安装孔中, 该蜗 轮轴上的正齿轮与支承轴上的正齿轮啮合, 当双 L 形支架以顺时针 方向摆动时蜗轮与上蜗杆啮合, 啮合点将蜗轮沿切线向着支承轴一 侧的方向推动而使蜗轮按顺时针方向转动, 当双 L形支架以逆时针 方向摆动时蜗轮与下蜗杆啮合, 啮合点将蜗轮沿切线向着支承轴一 侧的方向推动而使蜗轮按逆时针方向转动; 蜗轮的侧面上设有一'■!、 凸柱, 小凸柱可在蜗轮侧面上的一圆弧形凹槽内在凹槽两端之间移 位, 在蜗轮轴上可转动地装有一回旋杆, 其回旋杆头与蜗轮外周面 相邻, 并由一固定在前 L形支架上的弹簧钢丝的自由端托住, 在小 凸柱带动下, 可使回旋杆头转动至蜗轮与上、 下蜗杆之间的啮合点 使二者分离;
一行程架机构, 其具有一可在壳体内左右移动的架体, 架体的 上端具有可与丝杠啮合的内螺紋, 架体上可摆动地装有一叉形架片, 该叉形架片的前端的叉片上端与齿轮架机构上的拉伸弹簧的另一端 连接, 叉形架片下端具有逐渐向下叉开的斜边, 与壳体底壁上的一 支架滑动接触, 使叉形架片上、 下摆动以调节拉伸弹簧的拉伸力; 行程架架体的侧面下方设有一小轴承, 当行程架架体移动至靠左或 靠右位置时, 小轴承可与在行程限位片的开口内的左或右斜边滑动 接触;
一固定连接在行程架机构下端的双支点弹力部件, 其具有一底 板, 设置在底板下部的左、 右两个支点, 一" ^置在支点上面可绕两 支点之一左右摆动的倒 T 字形滑动片, 以及一连接在滑动片顶端支 点和底板下端固定点之间的拉伸弹簧, 该滑动片顶端支点处可转动 地连接所述连接杆的一端, 连接杆的另一端与后拨链器可转动地连 接。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的自行车自动换档器, 其特征在于, 所 述转动输出件包括一伞形齿轮, 所述输入传动机构包括一连接在上 蜗杆左端的小齿轮, 一连接在下蜗杆的左端的小齿轮, 一设置所述 两个小齿轮之间的与它们啮合的中间齿轮, 以及一与中间齿轮同轴 固定连接的伞形齿轮, 该伞形齿轮可与固定安装在自行车后车轮的 内轮毂上的所述伞形齿轮啮合。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的自行车自动换档器, 其特征在于, 当 所述双 L形支架绕支承轴按顺时针方向摆动时, 蜗轮与高速转动的 上蜗杆啮合连接, 使输出传动装置产生一个方向的低速旋转输出; 当双 L形支架上的蜗轮处于上、 下蜗杆之间的中间位置时蜗轮 齿顶外周面与上、 下、 蜗杆的齿顶之间保持一定间距, 停止动力传 输;
当双 L形支架绕支承轴按逆时针方向摆动时, 蜗轮与高速转动 的下蜗杆啮合连接, 使输出传动装置作反方向的低速旋转输出。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的自行车自动换档器, 其特征在于, 所 述小凸柱插置在一扁条的一端, 该扁条的另一端可转动地支承在蜗 轮轴上。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的自行车自动换档器, 其特征在于, 所 述圆弧型凹槽两端的距离可改变来增减反向行程以抵消各活动部件 的空隙。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的自行车自动换档器, 所述行程限位片 的靠右斜边的位置设有一限位弹性片, 所述行程架机构的架体的右 侧设有凸片, 当行程架机构右移到达最低档即一档位置时, 由于回 旋杆的作用, 令双 L形支架顺时针方向摆动, 使蜗轮与下蜗杆分离, 所述凸片顶靠着所述限位弹性片, 使所述双 L形支架不能按逆时针 方向摆动, 停止行程机构继续右移。
7. 根据权利要求 1 所述自行车自动换档器, 其特征在于, 所述 行程架机构的叉形架片与架体连接处留有小空隙令行程架反向移动 时延迟推动叉形架片, 以抵消蜗轮逆向转动时多转约 1/3 圏, 令拉伸 弹簧与叉形架片的连接点停在与顺向转动时的同一位置。
PCT/CN2005/000411 2004-07-28 2005-03-29 .dispositif de changement de vitesse automatique pour une bicyclette WO2006010304A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05732900A EP1775210A4 (en) 2004-07-28 2005-03-29 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX FOR A BICYCLE
CNB2005800000903A CN100363229C (zh) 2004-07-28 2005-03-29 自行车自动换档器

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200420074033.2 2004-07-28
CN200420074033 2004-07-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006010304A1 true WO2006010304A1 (fr) 2006-02-02

Family

ID=35785893

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2005/000411 WO2006010304A1 (fr) 2004-07-28 2005-03-29 .dispositif de changement de vitesse automatique pour une bicyclette

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1775210A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN100363229C (zh)
WO (1) WO2006010304A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220213948A1 (en) * 2019-05-27 2022-07-07 Yesil Kompresor Klima Tasarim Imalat Sanayi Ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi Cvt automatic variator transmission for a bicycle

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103935461B (zh) * 2014-04-15 2016-08-17 石宗泽 自行车微型变速箱的滑块式换档装置
US9815522B2 (en) * 2015-12-02 2017-11-14 Shimano Inc. Bicycle shifting apparatus

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4861320A (en) * 1987-01-28 1989-08-29 Shimano Industrial Company Limited Positioning device for a derailleur for a bicycle
CN2178687Y (zh) * 1993-09-17 1994-10-05 姚晓勇 自行车自动变速装置
US5445567A (en) * 1991-12-12 1995-08-29 Trans-Chattin, Inc. Automatic transmission for a multi-speed bicycle
US6015360A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-01-18 Falcon Industrial Co., Ltd. Automatic gearshifting device of multi-stage fly wheel of bicycle
CN2477521Y (zh) * 2001-04-29 2002-02-20 信豪车业股份有限公司 自行车平移式后铁装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2291372Y (zh) * 1997-01-30 1998-09-16 陈正雄 脚踏车变速器
US6047230A (en) * 1997-02-27 2000-04-04 Spencer; Marc D. Automatic bicycle transmission
DE19802563C1 (de) * 1998-01-23 1999-09-16 Schmitt Robert Automatische Kettenschaltung
TW358450U (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-05-11 Ind Res Technology Inst Electric derailleur for bike
US6692389B2 (en) * 2002-05-22 2004-02-17 Hwa-Yung Yin Automatic derailleur
US6945888B2 (en) * 2002-11-21 2005-09-20 Shimano, Inc. Combined analog and digital derailleur position processing apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4861320A (en) * 1987-01-28 1989-08-29 Shimano Industrial Company Limited Positioning device for a derailleur for a bicycle
US5445567A (en) * 1991-12-12 1995-08-29 Trans-Chattin, Inc. Automatic transmission for a multi-speed bicycle
CN2178687Y (zh) * 1993-09-17 1994-10-05 姚晓勇 自行车自动变速装置
US6015360A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-01-18 Falcon Industrial Co., Ltd. Automatic gearshifting device of multi-stage fly wheel of bicycle
CN2477521Y (zh) * 2001-04-29 2002-02-20 信豪车业股份有限公司 自行车平移式后铁装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220213948A1 (en) * 2019-05-27 2022-07-07 Yesil Kompresor Klima Tasarim Imalat Sanayi Ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi Cvt automatic variator transmission for a bicycle
US11885415B2 (en) * 2019-05-27 2024-01-30 Yesil Kompresor Klima Tasarim Imalat Sanayi Ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi CVT automatic variator transmission for a bicycle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1775210A4 (en) 2010-07-28
CN100363229C (zh) 2008-01-23
CN1777531A (zh) 2006-05-24
EP1775210A1 (en) 2007-04-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5086569B2 (ja) 自転車のディレイラーの制御装置
JP4164076B2 (ja) 自転車用変速ギア表示装置
USRE41782E1 (en) Electrically operated derailleur with power storing mechanism
JP2009523652A (ja) 自転車のディレイラ用の制御装置
US8066597B2 (en) Electrically operated derailleur with force overload protection
TWI249496B (en) Front derailleur for a bicycle
JP4065290B2 (ja) 自転車用変速操作装置
TW541262B (en) Internal transmission device with automatic shift mechanism for a bicycle and method of power transmission in a bicycle component
EP2093140A1 (en) Electrically operated derailleur with a power storing mechanism
JP3766389B2 (ja) 自転車用シフト制御装置
JP2007001572A (ja) 自転車のディレーラ及びブレーキの統合制御デバイス
JP4122013B2 (ja) 複数の出力部材の複合操作を行う自転車用制御装置
TW200932620A (en) Electrically operated derailleur that re-engages a disengaged derailleur force overload clutch
CN1765694A (zh) 自行车变速器
JP2007076510A (ja) 自転車用変速操作装置
JPS6359917B2 (zh)
TWI532635B (zh) 用於自行車換檔機構用控制線纜的致動裝置
WO2006010304A1 (fr) .dispositif de changement de vitesse automatique pour une bicyclette
US3948542A (en) Bicycle with auxiliary seat drive
JP2003175879A (ja) 調整式自転車ディレイラ
US6293882B1 (en) Operating force compensating apparatus for a bicycle transmission
EP1378436A1 (en) Shift control device for a bicycle transmission
TWI270503B (en) Automatic gear-changing device for bicycle
JPS607277Y2 (ja) 自転車用フロントデイレ−ラ−
JPH0210076Y2 (zh)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 20058000903

Country of ref document: CN

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1085174

Country of ref document: HK

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2005732900

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2005732900

Country of ref document: EP