WO2006004213A1 - タンパク質構造親和性相関の解析方法 - Google Patents
タンパク質構造親和性相関の解析方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006004213A1 WO2006004213A1 PCT/JP2005/012713 JP2005012713W WO2006004213A1 WO 2006004213 A1 WO2006004213 A1 WO 2006004213A1 JP 2005012713 W JP2005012713 W JP 2005012713W WO 2006004213 A1 WO2006004213 A1 WO 2006004213A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6803—General methods of protein analysis not limited to specific proteins or families of proteins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/281—Sorbents specially adapted for preparative, analytical or investigative chromatography
- B01J20/286—Phases chemically bonded to a substrate, e.g. to silica or to polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
- B01J20/3244—Non-macromolecular compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6803—General methods of protein analysis not limited to specific proteins or families of proteins
- G01N33/6848—Methods of protein analysis involving mass spectrometry
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/54—Sorbents specially adapted for analytical or investigative chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2500/00—Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value
- G01N2500/02—Screening involving studying the effect of compounds C on the interaction between interacting molecules A and B (e.g. A = enzyme and B = substrate for A, or A = receptor and B = ligand for the receptor)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/24—Nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance or other spin effects or mass spectrometry
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds.
- Genomic drug discovery has been attracting attention because it analyzes the genome sequences of many organisms, including humans, and creates highly efficient and inevitable drugs based on the genomic information obtained.
- Many of the drug targets are proteins, but the number of proteins synthesized from human genes, estimated to be 32,000 in total, is simply calculated from the number of genes, considering post-translational modifications. It becomes several times the number.
- drugs that do not act directly on humans such as antibiotics
- the ability to analyze a considerable number of proteins for drug discovery is limited to what can actually be targeted by drugs. .
- Identifying the true target molecule of a drug candidate and the signal transduction pathway involving that target molecule will lead to the elucidation of the mechanism of drug efficacy and side effects, and the efficacy and side effects of other drugs in clinical trials. It plays a big role in trying to differentiate. There are several ways to search for drug target molecules, but direct evidence of drug-target protein interactions must ultimately be verified by biochemical experiments.
- MS mass spectrometer
- affinity mouth matrix As a method for isolating a specific protein, the affinity mouth matrix is widely used.
- a typical example of using affinity chromatography for the purpose of isolating compound binding proteins is the identification of cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (FKBP), the target protein of the immunosuppressant FK506. 1 ' 2) Harding et al. Fixed FK506 to Affinity Matritus while maintaining the activity, and loaded the lysate prepared from the spleen onto the column. Then, FKBP was obtained as a protein that specifically binds by competitively eluting the protein bound to the ligand with a non-immobilized FK506 solution.
- FKBP cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerase
- the natural product-derived physiologically active substance there is one that that the thus its activity covalently bound to the target stronger 3 - 5).
- Introduce a tag such as piotin into such a substance add it to cells and incubate for a certain period of time, and then prepare lysate. From the obtained lysate, the compound labeled with a piotine tag can be recovered by a column having avidin immobilized thereon, and the protein bound to the compound can be identified.
- Sin et al Synthesized a piotinated derivative of fumagillin, which has an anti-angiogenic effect, and reacted it with the extract of moth brain.
- Affinity chromatography is based on the fact that the interaction between compounds and proteins is non-covalent, except for some naturally-occurring biologically active substances. However, if the affinity is weak, the true target may be dissociated from the compound during the process. For example, a compound may be saturated by a higher affinity protein or a protein that is equivalent in affinity but quantitatively higher. In other words, there are not a few binding proteins due to non-specific interactions among the proteins obtained by affinity chromatography. Drugs with a particularly high protein binding rate can bind to a large number of proteins in serum, etc., so 200-300 types of proteins can bind even after careful washing with 1M sodium chloride in an affinity column, for example. There are many things.
- Another attempt to increase specificity is to use non-immobilized compounds or molecules that may compete for binding sites, such as ATP or NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), when eluting the binding protein from the compound-immobilized column.
- ATP ATP
- NADH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- the binding protein analysis of p38 inhibitor SB203580, by elution in combination of compound and ATP have been successful in increasing the recovery of p38 iota upsilon. This method has led to the identification of a number of new kinases that bind to SB203580, which was thought to be specific for ⁇ 38.
- the target can be masked by mixing free compounds that are not immobilized in the protein mixture before application to the affinity column.
- the sample containing the masked protein is applied to an affinity column and the column bound protein is separated by SDS-PAGE.
- the band on SDS-PAGE is compared with and without the mask, and the band disappeared by masking is considered to be the target 2) .
- the compound has poor solubility in water, a certain degree of solubility can be expected in the protein mixture.
- E7070 is a compound 14 > screened using the inhibition of the cell cycle of mouse-derived cancer cell P388 in the G1 phase as an indicator, and its binding protein has been unknown. Therefore, we decided to identify the binding protein using E7070 as the affinity probe. In the technique using a probe, how to use a good quality probe is the key. Ideally, the probe should be as active as the original compound.
- a compound has a structure that is essential for the expression of its activity, but the essential structure is revealed as a structure-activity relationship in the process of the chemical conversion of the compound by the chemist and increasing its activity.
- the linker is extended to a different part from the essential structure and introduced into the matrix.
- E7070 a probe was synthesized by converting the sulfamoyl group from the structure-activity relationship.
- the binding protein was identified by affinity chromatography with E7070 immobilized. However, a large number of proteins bound to this probe, and it was difficult to narrow down the target protein.
- low-molecular synthetic compounds have low specificity and tend to bind to various proteins.
- Synthetic low molecular weight compounds such as E7070 are often poorly soluble in aqueous solutions, and it is often difficult to perform specific elution by flowing a large amount of unimmobilized drug through an affinity column. E7070 also has low solubility, and it was unavoidable to elute it by using a step-wise solution such as a surfactant or a denaturant. A variety of purification conditions were examined. In the case of E7070, most of the eluted protein was bound to the compound, not due to nonspecific adsorption to the beads or linker.
- the compound was synthesized for screening even though it was necessary to immobilize the compound on a carrier (including a carrier packed in a column, hereinafter sometimes referred to simply as “column”). Most of the compounds may not be immobilized on the support (column). Therefore, it needs to be synthesized separately, but it takes a lot of time and effort.
- the type of protein that binds depends on the site of the compound immobilized on the carrier (column).
- the activity should not be changed. However, changing the structure may change the specificity and affinity. There is.
- Negative compound compound with relatively weak activity
- selection of positive compound compound with relatively strong activity
- affinity column In general, all negative compounds should be used as affinity columns, but in reality, this is not easy for the reason (1).
- (4) In general, the amount of compound that is solidified as an affinity column is often about 0.1 mg to several mg per ml of gel, which corresponds to around 1 mM. However, drugs that induce some phenotype on cells (active) show activity on the order of several to several ⁇ and sometimes ⁇ . Therefore, the concentration that shows activity has a large difference from the concentration of the drug immobilized in the force ram.
- the high concentration of the drug immobilized in the column may include the effects of this toxic region. So against the carrier (column) It is also possible to reduce the amount of immobilized compounds from a few iM to a few nM. It is not always easy to control such a small amount of immobilization, and the amount of protein to be bound, that is, Since the load on the tea column is greatly reduced, the target protein may not be detected by MS. In this case, the column size is increased, for example, 100 to 1000 times, but it is difficult to handle practically.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and the problem to be solved is to simultaneously and efficiently analyze the structural affinity correlation between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds. is there.
- purification includes separation and / or enrichment.
- purification includes separation and / or enrichment.
- the above-mentioned compound was fixed out of the contact between the isotope-labeled protein group and the compound.
- affinity chromatography column multiple types of proteins bound to the column were purified.
- purified proteins are mixed, the mixed protein is analyzed with a mass spectrometer, each protein is identified from the mass spectrometry information, and the intensity ratio between the labeled peak and the unlabeled peak of each protein is determined. From the difference in binding rate depending on the presence or absence of compounds, we found that the affinity ratio of compounds to each protein was quantified to analyze the structural affinity relationship between multiple types of proteins and compounds. The invention has been completed.
- the present invention relates to the following.
- a method for analyzing a structural affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and a compound wherein (a) a carrier on which the compound is immobilized is used on the carrier from among a group of isotope-labeled proteins. Purifying a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound of
- step (c) mixing the proteins obtained in step (a) and step (b);
- step (d) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c);
- step (c) mixing the proteins obtained in step (a) and step (b); (d) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c);
- step (c) isotopically labeling one of the protein obtained in step (a) or the protein obtained in step (b);
- step (d) Mixing the labeled protein obtained in step (c) with the protein obtained in step (a) and step (b) that is not labeled in step (c) and the other protein And a process of
- step (e) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (d);
- step (f) a step of identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from mass spectrometry information, and (g) a peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a) and a peak obtained in step (b) for each protein. Determining the ratio of the intensity of the compound to each protein by determining the intensity ratio with the peak derived from the protein,
- step (b) mixing the protein obtained in step (a) with an isotope-labeled protein group that is an internal standard; (c) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (b);
- step (e) mixing the protein obtained in step (d) with an isotope-labeled protein group as an internal standard substance;
- step (f) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (e);
- step (g) a step of identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the mass spectrometry information obtained in step (c) and step (f), and (h) for each protein, obtained in step (a).
- the intensity ratio of the peak derived from the protein and the peak derived from the protein that is the internal standard substance and the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (d) and the peak derived from the protein that is the internal standard substance Quantifying the ratio of the affinity of the compound for each protein by determining the intensity ratio and comparing the intensity ratios;
- step (a2) mass spectrometric treatment of the purified product obtained in step (al);
- step (a3) a step of identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the mass spectrometry information obtained in step (a2);
- step (b2) mass spectrometric treatment of the purified product obtained in step (bl);
- step (b3) a step of identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the mass spectrometry information obtained in step (b2); (b4) a step of quantifying each protein in multiple types of proteins; (c) for each protein, the protein mass derived from the protein obtained in step (al) and the protein obtained in step (bl) Determining the ratio to the amount of protein derived, and quantifying the ratio of the affinity of the compound for each protein.
- step (9) The method according to (5), wherein the contact between the protein group and the compound in step (bl) is performed for a plurality of types of compounds.
- the isotope is any isotope selected from the group consisting of 2H, 13C, 15N, 170, 0, 33p and 34 S , or a combination thereof, (1) to (4), (6) The method according to any one of (8) and (10).
- the peak derived from the protein obtained in (d) and the tamper which is an internal standard substance A means for quantifying the ratio of the affinity of a compound for each protein by obtaining an intensity ratio with a peak derived from the protein and comparing the intensity ratios;
- (a4) means for quantifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins
- (b3) Means Means for identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the mass spectrometry information obtained in (b2), and
- (b4) means for quantifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins
- the isotope is any isotope selected from the group consisting of 2 H,;, 15N, 170, 0, 33 ⁇ and 3, or a combination thereof (13) to (16), ( 18) The system according to any one of (20) and (22).
- the present invention provides comprehensive coverage of the affinity of the compound structure to which proteins by using compounds having various structures by changing the structure of the compound used in the present invention. It is possible to analyze the structure affinity relationship between a compound and a protein. This makes it possible to obtain useful information that reduces the side effects while enhancing the main effects in the synthesis and development of compounds, especially drugs.
- ATP ATP
- GTP Guanosine
- NAD / NAD H Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 7
- NADP / NADPH Nicotine amide dinucleotide phosphate
- the carrier on which ATP is immobilized according to the present invention to obtain information on the structure affinity relationship, it is possible to cover which kinase affinity is affected by changing the structure of the compound. It was possible to obtain useful information on specificity, selectivity, etc. in screening for kinase inhibitors.
- the concentration of the compound bound to the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is generally about 0.1 mg to several mg per ml of the carrier, which corresponds to about 1 mM.
- concentration of the compound immobilized on a carrier on which the compound is immobilized for example, a chromatography column.
- the compound concentration can be reduced from several to several nM.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows the structural affinity relationship between multiple types of proteins and the compounds represented by Formula 2—Formula 6 (Dich 2—Chemical 6). The smaller the number, the stronger the affinity for the compound.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the system of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing each unit of the system of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a detailed configuration diagram of the control queue.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the operation of the control unit.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for dividing a protein group collected from one culture apparatus into a plurality of groups. Explanation of symbols
- HDD Hard disk drive
- the present invention relates to a method for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and one or more types of compounds.
- a protein is purified using a carrier on which a certain compound is immobilized, and
- a group of proteins and a compound are contacted and the contacted protein is used using the carrier.
- the quantitative ratio of each protein purified by (i) and (ii) above is basically measured by mass spectrometry using an isotope label or index EMPAI.
- a carrier (column) on which a certain compound is immobilized a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the column are purified from a group of isotope-labeled proteins.
- the carrier (column) on which the compound is immobilized the isotope-unlabeled protein group previously contacted with one or more compounds or the protein group labeled with a different isotope Purify multiple proteins that bind to the compounds on the column.
- a wide variety of proteins exist in the protein group for example, a protein group extracted from cells
- the method of the present invention uses a carrier (column), thereby allowing a plurality of types to bind to a compound on a carrier (column).
- a carrier column
- a plurality of types of proteins having similar properties of binding to the compound are selected from a protein group including various proteins as a population, and the plurality of types of proteins and one or more types of proteins are selected. Analyzes the structural affinity relationship with a compound.
- a protein group as a population is previously brought into contact with a compound, and a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier (column) are purified therefrom using the carrier (column).
- the proteins there are proteins that bind to the compound in advance, so that the binding sites compete with each other and are difficult to bind to the compound on the carrier (column).
- the amount of the protein purified from the column (referred to as (cc)) is less than the amount of the protein purified from the column without any prior contact with the compound (referred to as (c)).
- the present invention analyzes the structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and one or more types of compounds using the above principle.
- structural affinity correlation refers to the correlation between the structural change of a chemical substance having a group of common skeletons and the affinity (binding strength) between the chemical substance and protein.
- the “protein” includes a peptide in which two or more amino acids are bound by a peptide bond.
- a carrier on which a compound is immobilized refers to a carrier in which a compound is covalently or non-covalently bonded via a functional group.
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is, for example, as a functional group on the carrier side,
- N-hydroxy-succinimide and Hydrazide can be covalently bonded, simply converted to an amino group, or Protein A, Heparin, Cibacron Blue F3GA, etc. can be immobilized, and the compound can be directly or compounded to the functional group of such a carrier. A part of the structure of Some of them are shared or non-covalently linked.
- the compound to be immobilized on the carrier is not particularly limited.
- a synthetic low molecular weight compound for example, a synthetic low molecular weight compound, a synthetic peptide, a purified or partially purified polypeptide, an antibody, a bacterial release substance (including bacterial metabolites), an in vivo nucleic acid substance (ATP) , GTP, NAD / NADH or NADP / NADPH) and lipids.
- ATP in vivo nucleic acid substance
- GTP GTP
- NAD / NADH or NADP / NADPH lipids
- the compound immobilized on the carrier has a predetermined activity.
- the “predetermined activity” means an activity of a compound immobilized on a carrier or a non-immobilized compound described below, and is not particularly limited, for example, physiological activity, biological activity, pharmacological activity, binding And the like.
- the carrier examples include agarose gel, acrylamide, magnetic beads, cellulose, silica gel, and the like, preferably agarose gel.
- the carrier can be purchased from, for example, Bio-Rad (Affigle 10, Bio-Radone Earth, Power Tag No. 153-6099).
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized can be prepared by binding a desired compound to the carrier.
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized can be prepared by the following procedure. First, a compound solution having an amino group is added to a carrier to which N-hydroxy-succinimide is bonded (for example, Affigenole 10). Next, it can be prepared by adding triethylamine, incubating, adding 2-aminoethanol, and further incubation. In addition, it is preferable to appropriately perform a washing operation.
- the production of the carrier on which the compound is immobilized can be carried out by the following procedure if the compound has a carboxylic acid.
- rubodiimide is added to a compound solution containing a carboxylic acid, incubated, and then added to a carrier to which an amino group is bound. It can then be made by adding acetic acid (or lactic acid) and further incubation. In addition, it is desirable to appropriately perform a washing operation.
- the carrier on which NADP analog is immobilized can be purchased from, for example, Amersham Biosciences (2,5'ADP Sepharose 4B (code number 17-0700-01)) o
- the amount of the compound immobilized on the carrier is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 mg to several mg per ml of the carrier.
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized can be used as a carrier for affinity chromatography, such as a suitable column (for example, a polyprepempty column (Biorad, Cat No. 731-1550), etc. ) Can be used as an affinity chromatography column on which the compound is immobilized. Further, the carrier on which the compound is immobilized can be used by adding it to an appropriate tube (for example, Eppendorf tube (manufactured by Eppendorf)).
- a first aspect of the present invention is a method for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds
- step (c) mixing the proteins obtained in step (a) and step (b);
- step (d) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c);
- the method is provided.
- a first embodiment of the present invention will be schematically described (see FIG. 1).
- a carrier for example, an affinity chromatography column or the like
- the amount of the active compound immobilized is preferably about 0.1 mg to several mg per ml of carrier. That's right.
- Apply this protein group (indicated by triangles, circles, and ellipses in Fig. 1 (a)) labeled with isotopes on the carrier on which this compound is immobilized. Purify the binding protein bound to the compound (indicated by circles and ellipses in Fig. 1 (a)).
- the obtained multiple types of proteins are designated as protein A (Fig. 1 (a)).
- the “protein group” means a sample that becomes a population to be applied (applied) to a carrier.
- a compound not immobilized on a carrier one or more compounds having a predetermined activity. It is preferable that the activity intensity of each compound is different.
- a, b, c, d) are added to a group of non-isotopically labeled proteins (indicated by triangles, circles and ellipses in Fig. 1 (b)) to an appropriate concentration (eg, several ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ). Incubate for a certain time to bring the protein group into contact with the compound (sample solution).
- a compound that is added to contact a protein group and is not immobilized may be referred to as a “non-immobilized compound”.
- this sample solution contains a large amount of protein, even a compound that is difficult to water can be dissolved to some extent.
- a protein group labeled with an isotope different from the above-mentioned “isotopically labeled protein group” can also be used.
- Each sample solution is placed on a carrier on which the compound having the predetermined activity is immobilized, and the binding protein bound to the compound is purified.
- protein B is a set of multiple types of proteins.
- a sample solution is prepared for each non-immobilized compound, there are as many types of protein B as there are non-immobilized compounds added (Fig. 1 (b)).
- Fig. 1 (b) four types of non-immobilized compounds (compounds a, b, c, d) are brought into contact with the protein group in advance, indicating that there are four types of B.
- This protein A and protein B are mixed in a certain ratio (Fig. 1 (c);)
- Proteins are separated by SDS-PAGE, etc., digested with trypsin, etc., and subjected to mass spectrometry (Fig. 1 (d)) to identify proteins (Fig. 1 (e)).
- mass spectrometry spectrum Fig. 1 (d)
- Two peaks the protein A peak from the isotope-labeled sample (dashed line peak) and the protein B peak from the non-isotope labeled sample or from a sample labeled with a different isotope (black solid line peak).
- the intensity ratio between the peak derived from A and the peak derived from B is obtained, and the ratio of the affinity of the compound for each protein is quantified (Fig. 1 (f)).
- Proteins bound to non-immobilized compounds are less likely to bind to compound a immobilized on the carrier, so the peak derived from protein B on the mass spectrometry spectrum Is smaller than that derived from protein A.
- the binding site of compound a and the binding site of compound b on the protein derived from B are the same or overlap, and the affinity for protein P2 is
- compound b is larger than compound a, or when the concentration of compound b is higher than compound a
- protein P 2 is immobilized on the carrier because the binding site is used for binding to compound b. It becomes difficult to bind to the compound a.
- the amount of B-derived protein P2 purified from the carrier is smaller than the amount of A-derived protein P2. Therefore, the mass spectrum peak derived from B is smaller than that derived from A (b—P 2 in Fig. 1).
- the case where the binding site between the protein P 2 and the compound b masks the binding site with the compound a on the protein P 2 can be similarly considered.
- proteins that do not bind to the added non-immobilized compound are not affected by the binding to the compound immobilized on the carrier.
- the substantial amount of protein P 1 that binds to the compound on the carrier will be the same whether or not non-immobilized compound is added.
- “substantial” means a case where a change in the amount of nonspecific binding of the protein to the carrier-immobilized compound caused by the addition of the non-immobilized compound is not considered. Therefore, the peak of protein P1 derived from B is substantially the same as the peak of protein P1 derived from A (b-Pl in Fig. 1), and the peak intensity ratio does not change.
- the compound a immobilized on the carrier is a protein (for example,
- -P3 is a non-specific binding protein bound to a part other than the compound (for example, a carrier part).
- the peak derived from B is comparable to the peak derived from A on the mass spectrometry spectrum.
- the protein for example, protein P3 of Fig. 1
- the protein is added as an active compound, that is, added. It is not considered to be a specific binding protein important for the activity of the compounds a, b, c and d.
- the non-immobilized compound having a predetermined activity to be added (for example, compound d in FIG. 1) has a low concentration, the peak derived from B is small on the mass spectrometry spectrum.
- the protein (eg, protein P 4 in FIG. 1) may be an important protein for the activity of the compound.
- the protein P 4 is likely to be a specific binding protein important for the activity of the non-immobilized compound d having the activity described above.
- a carrier or column in which ATP, GTP, NAD / NADH, NADP / NADPH, etc. are immobilized can be used as the carrier on which the compound is immobilized (for example, Affinity Mouth Matrix One-Strength Ram). .
- the compounds and proteins that bind to the ATP, GTP, NAD / NADH or NADP / NADPH binding sites of specific proteins can be determined by examining the degree of affinity of various compounds as well. It is also possible to find a structure affinity relationship with.
- the “isotope-labeled protein group” refers to a collection of proteins in which a part of the molecules constituting the protein is labeled with an isotope.
- Isotope-labeled proteins need only have a part of the molecules (amino acids) constituting the protein labeled with an isotope. It is not limited to.
- Isotope-labeled proteins can be prepared by metabolically isotopically labeling. For example, by culturing a culturable cell in a medium containing an isotopically labeled amino acid, the protein in the cell can be metabolically isotopically labeled. Any culture condition may be used, and a condition suitable for culturing the cells in a liquid medium or a solid medium may be selected. For example, when animal cells are selected, use media such as DMEM, MEM, RPMI1640, IMDM, etc., and add serum such as urinary fetal serum (FCS), amino acids, glucose, penicillin, or streptomycin as necessary. Incubation can be performed for about 15 to 200 hours at a pH of about 6 to 8 and 30 to 40 ° C. In addition, the culture medium can be exchanged as needed, and aeration and agitation can be performed.
- FCS urinary fetal serum
- the isotope-labeled protein group By isolating the cells containing the metabolically isotope-labeled protein group thus obtained, the isotope-labeled protein group can be prepared.
- the method of crushing is, for example, Downs type Teflon ⁇ ⁇ homogenizer, polytron, ⁇ ring ⁇ blender, potter type glass ⁇ homogenizer, ultrasonic crusher, cell lysate (eg PIERCE M-PER: cat no. 78501) , T-PER: cat no. 78510, etc.) or a freeze-thaw method, and a method using a cell lysate is preferable. It is preferable to remove insoluble substances from the disrupted cells by centrifugation. In this way, an isotope-labeled protein group can be prepared.
- a radioisotope can be applied, but a stable isotope having no radioactivity is particularly preferable because it is easy to handle.
- Stable isotopes include, but are not limited to, 2 H, i3C, 15 N, 170, 180 , 33 P or 34 S or combinations thereof, preferably 2 H, i 3 C, 15 N or 180 or a combination thereof, more preferably 13 C, N or 18 0 or a combination thereof, more preferably i 3 C.
- the isotope used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can label a protein. Nare ,.
- 13 C-labeled (i 3 C x 6) leucine (manufactured by Cambridge Isotope Labs (CIL), L-Leucine U. 13 C6, CLM-2262) is given as a precursor of isotope-labeled protein. be able to.
- isotope-labeled proteins can be prepared in vitro.
- isotope labeling can be achieved by alkylating a cysteine residue in a protein with an isotope-labeled alkylating reagent ('Labid' Communications' In 'Mass' Spectrum (Rapid Communications in Mass SpectroscoDv), Vol. 16, Vol. 15, No. 15, 2000, pp. 1416-1424).
- isotope labeling can also be performed by piotination of cysteine residues in proteins using an isotope-labeled piotination reagent.
- it is possible to purify only the labeled protein using an avidin column ("Nature Biotechnology J 17th, 10th, 1 9 9 9 1 October, ⁇ .994 ⁇ 999).
- non-isotopically labeled protein group refers to a collection of proteins that have not been subjected to the action of isotope labeling.
- the protein group not labeled with an isotope can be prepared by crushing a biological sample containing the protein, preferably a cell, particularly preferably a cultured cell, and extracting the protein.
- Destruction methods include, for example, Downs-type Teflon homogenizer, Polytron , Waring 'renderer, Potter type glass' homogenizer, ultrasonic breaker, cell lysate (eg PIERCE MvPER: cat no. 78501, T -PER: cat no.
- a freeze-thaw method or a freeze-thaw method, and a method using a cell lysate is preferable. It is preferable to remove insoluble substances from the broken cells by centrifugation. In this way, a group of proteins that are not isotopically labeled can be prepared.
- isotope-labeled protein groups and non-isotope-labeled protein groups may be produced by chemical synthesis.
- the mass group can be stored under appropriate conditions, preferably not more than 120 ° C., particularly preferably not more than ⁇ 80 ° C.
- isotope-labeled (isotope non-labeled) protein group is the same as “isotope-labeled protein group” using a natural type reagent (non-isotope reagent). Les, preferably prepared by the method.
- proteins labeled with different isotopes can be used.
- the isotopes in the “protein groups labeled with different isotopes” are “isotope-labeled protein groups” as long as the proteins can be labeled so that the masses of the corresponding proteins from both protein groups are different.
- the isotope may be a different isotope or may contain the same isotope.
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is equilibrated with an appropriate solution.
- the solution to be equilibrated is not particularly limited, but a solution that can dissolve the protein group and does not denature it is desirable. Examples include phosphate buffer, Hepes buffer or Tris buffer adjusted to physiological pH, and sodium chloride and / or surfactant (such as n-octyldarcoside) as necessary. Can be added in an appropriate amount.
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is packed in an appropriate force ram
- the compound is immobilized by applying an appropriate solution to the column.
- the prepared carrier is added to an appropriate tube, it can be carried out by adding an appropriate solution to the tube.
- the isotope-labeled protein group is dissolved in an appropriate solution. Subsequently, the isotope-labeled protein group is brought into contact with the carrier on which the compound is immobilized. The step of bringing the isotope-labeled protein group into contact with the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is carried out when the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is packed in an appropriate column. If the carrier on which the compound is immobilized has been added to the appropriate tube, add the isotope-labeled protein group to the tube. Can do. Thereafter, it is desirable to wash the carrier on which the compound is immobilized with an appropriate solution.
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is packed in an appropriate column
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is added to the appropriate tube by adding an appropriate solution to the column.
- the isotope-labeled protein group is eluted with an appropriate elution solution.
- the elution solution is not particularly limited. For example, 6 M guanidine hydrochloride, 8 M urea, 2% CHAPS, or about 10 mM ATP or GTP can be used.
- the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is packed in an appropriate column, the compound is immobilized by applying an appropriate elution solution to the column.
- the activated carrier is added to an appropriate tube, it can be performed by adding an appropriate elution solution to the tube and centrifuging.
- a protein group that binds to a compound immobilized on a carrier can be purified.
- the above operating temperatures are not particularly limited, but from 4 ° C to 37 ° C and even from 4 ° C
- the protein group used in the step (b) includes a protein group not labeled with an isotope label and a protein group labeled with an isotope different from the isotope of the “isotope labeled protein group” in the step (a). It can also be used. In the following description, the case of using a protein group that is not labeled with an isotope will be described, but the same can be applied to the case of a “protein group labeled with a different isotope”.
- the non-isotopically labeled protein group is brought into contact with the non-immobilized compound, and then the non-isotopically labeled protein group that has been brought into contact with the non-immobilized compound is purified with a carrier on which the compound is immobilized.
- a plurality of types of proteins that bind to a compound immobilized on a carrier can be purified from a group of proteins that are not labeled with an isotope and contacted with a non-immobilized compound.
- a compound (non-immobilized compound) to be contacted with a protein group not labeled with an isotope is not particularly limited.
- These compounds may be novel compounds or known compounds. These compounds have a predetermined activity.
- Non-immobilized compound to be brought into contact with a protein group not labeled with an isotope
- a plurality of kinds for example, five or more kinds.
- these compounds and the compounds immobilized on the carrier are not particularly limited, but are preferably similar in structure to each other.
- the non-immobilized compound may contain a compound immobilized on a carrier.
- the intensity of the predetermined activity such as physiological activity or pharmacological activity is different.
- Various conditions such as the solvent, concentration and incubation of the compound at the time of contact are not particularly limited and can be freely set. Dissolve unisotopically labeled proteins Since the solution contains a large amount of protein, even a compound that is difficult to water can be dissolved.
- step (c) Step of mixing the proteins obtained in step (a) and step (b)
- the protein groups obtained in step (a) and step (b) are mixed at a certain ratio.
- the constant ratio may be equal or the ratio may be changed.
- the compound In order to improve the dynamic range of the intensity ratio described later, from the above-mentioned "1.
- (1) (a) isotope-labeled protein group it binds to the compound on the carrier using the carrier on which the compound is immobilized.
- the compound is selected from the group of proteins previously contacted with the compound against the multiple types of proteins obtained in “1.
- (2) (b)”. Add an excess amount (eg, 2 to 10 times) of multiple types of proteins obtained in the step of “purifying multiple types of proteins that bind to compounds on the support using an immobilized carrier”. It is preferable.
- Step (c) The obtained mixture is subjected to mass spectrometry.
- the mixture may be directly analyzed by a mass spectrometer, but it is preferable to perform concentration (for example, by Amicon Ultra-15 10,000 MWCO) or the following separation or digestion.
- concentration for example, by Amicon Ultra-15 10,000 MWCO
- a mixture that has been subjected to the separation or digestion described below is referred to as “separated protein” or “digested protein”.
- separation methods include two-dimensional electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE, and various types of chromatography (for example, affinity chromatography, reverse phase chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, cation exchange chromatography, etc.).
- the present invention is not limited to this, and an appropriate one may be selected.
- Examples of the digestion method include enzyme digestion, chemical decomposition, and the like, and preferably enzyme digestion. However, the digestion method is not limited to this, and an appropriate one may be selected.
- Examples of the enzyme used for the enzymatic digestion include trypsin, chymotrypsin, Lys-C, Asp-N, and Glu C, and preferably trypsin.
- a surfactant preferably 5-cyclohexyl-pentyl-beta-D-maltoside (American Patent Publications US5674987 and US5763586, Anatrace Inc., Maumee, OH, USA) ) Should be added.
- the concentrated protein, separated protein or digested protein thus obtained can be separated by HPLC, and the obtained protein is referred to as “protein separated by HPLC”.
- a column used for HPLC may be selected appropriately according to common technical knowledge of those skilled in the art, and is preferably a key-on exchange column or a force thione exchange column.
- Various HPLC conditions flow rate, detector, mobile phase, etc. can be appropriately selected according to common technical knowledge in the art.
- a mass spectrometer is a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC / MS) that is a mass spectrometer combined with a gas chromatograph or a liquid chromatography mass spectrum that is a mass spectrometer combined with a liquid chromatograph. It can be performed using a general-purpose device such as a trometer (LC / MS). The ionization method in the mass spectrometer can be appropriately selected according to each apparatus.
- GC / MS gas chromatography mass spectrometer
- LC / MS liquid chromatography mass spectrum
- MALDI Mass Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionization
- ESI Electro Spray Ionization
- EI Electro Ionization
- CI Cellular Ionization
- APCI Admospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization
- FAB Fluor Atoms Impact method
- LD FD
- SIMS SIMS
- TSP Time-of-flight type
- ion trap ion trap
- quadrupole type ion trap
- Fourier transform type ion trap
- the apparatus and method of the mass spectrometer are not limited to those described here, and those skilled in the art can appropriately select one that is usually used for mass spectrometry.
- the “peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a)” means the signal intensity derived from the isotope-labeled protein group in the mass spectrometry spectrum obtained from the mass spectrometry measurement result or It means the sum of them (the ordinary area can be understood by those skilled in the art) (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “labeled peak”).
- the “peak derived from the protein obtained in step (b)” means a protein group that is not isotopically labeled or a different isotope in the mass spectrometry spectrum obtained from the measurement result of mass spectrometry.
- the signal intensity derived from the protein group labeled with or the sum of the signal intensity hereinafter simply referred to as “unlabeled peak” for convenience of explanation).
- peak intensity ratio the intensity of the protein
- isotope-labeled proteins Compared with non-isotopically labeled proteins, isotope-labeled proteins have a molecular weight that is larger than that of isotope-labeled molecules, and are observed as peak peaks on the mass spectrometry spectrum.
- the molecular weight of an isotopically labeled protein can be determined by calculation from the identified protein and its amino acid sequence.
- the protein bound to the non-immobilized compound is less likely to bind to the compound on the carrier due to the binding to the non-immobilized compound, so that an unlabeled peak appears on the mass spectrometry spectrum.
- the amount of protein is smaller than the amount of protein mixed in step (a) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “protein mixing ratio”).
- proteins that do not bind to the attached non-immobilized compound are not affected by the binding to the carrier on which the compound is immobilized, so the unlabeled peak does not become small, and the peak intensity ratio and protein mixing ratio No change occurs between.
- the unlabeled peak of a protein is comparable on a mass spectrometry spectrum.
- the protein is not a specific binding protein that is important for the activity of the active compound, that is, the non-immobilized compound used for comparison. Conceivable.
- the non-immobilized compound having a predetermined activity referred to as compound C for explanation
- the unlabeled peak becomes small on the mass spectrometry spectrum, that is, the peak intensity ratio is protein. If it is smaller than the mixing ratio, the protein may be an important protein for the activity of the non-immobilized compound.
- the unlabeled peak is affected on the mass spectrometry spectrum by other non-immobilized compounds that are similar in structure to compound C but differ in certain activities such as biological activity, biological activity, pharmacological activity or binding activity. If the peak intensity ratio is not affected, the protein is a non-immobilized compound having a predetermined activity. It is likely that it is a specific binding protein important for the activity of C.
- the affinity between the non-immobilized compound and the protein is extremely weak (how much is unknown), and if the concentration of the non-immobilized compound is low, the protein is not allowed to pass through the column.
- the non-immobilized compound that binds to the non-immobilized compound may replace the compound immobilized at a high concentration in the column, but this is affected by increasing the concentration of the non-immobilized compound. Can be reduced.
- the degree of affinity can be determined by examining various compounds in the same manner. It is also possible to find a structural affinity relationship between a protein and a protein that binds to the ATP, GTP, NAD / NADH, or NADP / NADPH binding site of this protein.
- the present invention further relates to a system for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds,
- the protein group labeled with isotope is not brought into contact with the compound, and the purification step is performed after the protein group not labeled with isotope is brought into contact with the compound (first embodiment, FIG. 1).
- the protein is not contacted with a compound group that is not isotope-labeled, and the purification process is performed after the protein group that is labeled with an isotope is contacted with the compound.
- the system according to the present invention can be implemented by appropriately replacing the devices as the respective constituent elements.
- the value of the peak intensity ratio is obtained by the formula “labeled peak intensity” / “unlabeled peak intensity”.
- isotope labeled It is possible to implement the system of the present invention using a protein group labeled with a different isotope instead of a non-protein group.
- the system for analyzing the structural affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds in the first aspect of the present invention will be described in detail below.
- the protein group of means (b) will be described below by taking proteins that are not isotopically labeled as an example.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the system of the present invention.
- the system of the present invention comprises a control unit 601, a protein purification unit 602, a protein mixing unit 603, and a mass spectrometry unit 604.
- the control unit 601 controls the overall operation of each unit necessary to carry out the method of the present invention.
- the protein purification unit 602, the protein mixing unit 603, and the mass spectrometry unit 604 are respectively connected to the control unit 601, and are controlled by the control unit 601 so as to execute independently of each other or in cooperation with each unit.
- each unit protein purification unit 602, protein mixing unit 603 and mass spectrometry unit 604 is controlled independently from the control unit 601 and the control unit 601 indicates what each unit will do.
- the control mute 601 monitors the execution contents of each unit, for example, the progress of each unit, and the units cooperate with each other. Controlled.
- the protein purification unit 602 is a unit for purifying proteins, and includes a cell culture device, a cell disruptor, a contact treatment device with a compound, a carrier for performing chromatography and the like, a recovery device for purified protein, and the like. Each component included in the refining unit is controlled independently or in cooperation with each component according to the command of the control unit 601.
- the protein mixing unit 603 is a unit that mixes the proteins purified by the protein purification unit 602.
- the protein mixing unit 603 is connected to the control unit 601, and receives a command such as a mixing amount and a mixing ratio from the control unit 601, and performs mixing processing.
- the mass spectrometry unit 604 is a unit for subjecting the mixed protein to mass spectrometry, a spotter for spotting the mixed protein on the measurement plate, a tray for subjecting the measurement plate to the mass analyzer, etc. Is provided. These components in the mass analysis unit 604 are connected to the control unit 601 and execute mass analysis processing in accordance with instructions from the control unit 601.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of each unit.
- the protein purification unit 602 includes a culture apparatus 11a and llb, a culture solution pot 12a and 12b, a cell crusher 13a and 13b, a contactor 14 with a compound, a carrier 15a and 15b on which a compound is fixed, and a protein purification.
- Culture device 11a and lib is a device for performing cell culture, the temperature, C0 2 concentration, etc. adjusted to the cells for a predetermined time culture.
- Culture medium bottles 12a and 12b are connected to the culture apparatuses 11a and lib, respectively, and the culture medium may be supplied to each culture apparatus via tubes la and lb, respectively.
- the culture apparatus 11a and lib may be provided with stirring blades 2a and 2b, respectively.
- the culture apparatuses 11a and lib are illustrated as containers for culturing floating cells, but this is an embodiment for explaining the system of the present invention, and is not limited. Therefore, when culturing cells adhering to the culture plate, those skilled in the art can select a culture container according to the purpose.
- the culture apparatuses 11a and lib are connected to the control unit 601 via the LAN 100.
- the culture solution bottles 12a and 12b are containers for storing a culture solution for culturing cells.
- the culture solution bottle 12a is mixed with an amino acid or the like for isotopically labeling a protein group.
- the culture solution bottles 12a and 12b may be connected to the control unit 601 via the LAN 100.
- the cell disrupters 13a and 13b are devices for crushing cultured cells to obtain a protein group.
- the cells are collected from the culture apparatus lla and lib force to crush the cells, and the protein groups are suspended. A step of obtaining a suspension is performed.
- the cell disrupters 13a and 13b may be connected to the control unit 601 via the LAN100.
- Compound contactor 14 is a device for contacting proteins with compounds. is there.
- FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which a protein group not labeled with an isotope and a compound are preliminarily brought into contact with each other before being applied to a carrier (the first embodiment of the present invention). Indicates.
- the compound contactor 14 may be placed next to the cell disruptor 13a to pre-contact the isotope-labeled protein group with the compound prior to application to the carrier. This can be easily understood by those skilled in the art.
- the contactor 14 with the compound may be connected to the control unit 601 via the LAN 100.
- the carriers 15a and 15b on which the compound is immobilized are force rams for purifying the protein, and the compound is immobilized inside.
- the protein group and each compound may be brought into contact with each other in the contactor 14 with the compound.
- the sample derived from the culture apparatus lib is the same sample subjected to the same treatment. Therefore, the protein group to be introduced into the contactor 14 with the compound may be a protein group collected using a culture apparatus lib and a cell destructor 13b that are different for each compound.
- a single culture device lib and a cell crusher 13b are used, and the protein group collected therefrom is divided into a plurality (for example, the number of non-immobilized compounds) and introduced into the contactor 14 with the compound. May be.
- the protein purification controllers 16a and 16b introduce proteins into the carriers 15a and 15b on which the compounds are immobilized, and pass the carriers through the purified protein fractionators 17a, The process sent to 17b is executed.
- the protein purification controllers 16a and 16b may be connected to the control unit 601 via the LAN 100.
- the purified protein fractionators 17a and 17b temporarily store the purified protein obtained in one purification step and the purified protein obtained in the other purification step. If the amount of protein is large, the same type of protein (protein purified from the same cell) can be dispensed into multiple bottles.
- Figure 7 shows one type of culture purification process.
- Several types of culture purification steps can be performed, and as a result, multiple types of proteins from different cells can be purified. In that case, it is necessary to distinguish and store each purified protein in a sorter.
- the purified protein sorters 17a and 17b store separate proteins for each sorter. It is also possible to adopt a mode in which different types of proteins are stored for each bottle in the sorter.
- FIG. 7 shows a mode in which the purified protein fractionators 17a and 17b are controlled by the protein purification controllers 16a and 16b.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and independently via LAN100. It may be connected to the control unit 601.
- a protein mixing unit 603 is a unit that mixes one protein purified by the protein purification unit 602 and the other protein. The protein mixing unit 603 selects the samples arranged in the purified protein fractionators 17a and 17b and mixes them at a certain ratio according to the instruction from the control unit 601.
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which the samples with the same number are mixed in the tube 18 such as samples 1 and 2.
- the mass spectrometry unit 604 is a unit that analyzes one or more kinds of protein samples to be subjected to mass spectrometry.
- the mass spectrometry unit 604 spots the sample mixed by the protein mixing unit 603 on the mass analysis plate 19 in accordance with the instruction of the control unit 601, and executes the mass spectrometry processing by the mass spectrometry processing device 20.
- a computer-controlled mouth bot-type sample handling device can be used.
- Mass spectrometry is executed according to the command of the control unit 601 via the LAN 100.
- the mass spectrometry processing can be executed by installing a computer 21 attached to the mass spectrometry processing device 20.
- Information on the mass spectrometry processing is transmitted to the control unit 601 via the LAN 100, and is subjected to processing for obtaining a protein identification profile, an intensity ratio profile, and an affinity ratio profile.
- a control unit 601 is a central control unit for implementing the system of the present invention. It is equipped with a central computer 30 and an internet communication line.
- the control unit 601 executes protein identification, determines the intensity ratio between the isotope labeled peak and the unlabeled peak, and the affinity ratio, and displays them on the display unit in the control unit 601. Each data is automatically organized by the control unit 601.
- FIG. 8 is a detailed configuration diagram of the control unit 601.
- the central computer 30 includes a CPU 801, a transmission Z reception unit 802, an input unit 803, an output unit 804 ROM805 RAM806, a disk drive (HDD) 807, a CD-ROM drive 808, and a protein database (hereinafter “DB”). ”) 809 is provided.
- the CPU 801 controls the operation of the entire system of the present invention, and records data of mass analysis results, identified protein data, intensity ratio data, affinity data, and the like in the DB 809.
- the CPU 801 can collate with other protein data via the Internet 811 using the communication control of the transmission / reception unit 802 and the data stored in the DB 809.
- the transmission Z reception unit 802 performs data transmission and reception processing with the protein purification unit 602, the protein mixing unit 603, and the mass spectrometry unit 603 in accordance with instructions from the CPU 801.
- the input unit 803 is a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, etc., and is operated when inputting information from the user, updating the contents of the database, or the like.
- the output unit 804 is an LCD (liquid crystal display) or the like, and converts the code data from the CPU 801 into display data each time when updating various databases, and performs display processing.
- the ROM 805 stores a processing program for the system of the present invention.
- the RAM 806 temporarily stores data necessary for processing of the system of the present invention.
- the HDD 807 is a drive for storing mass analysis data and the like.
- the CD-ROM drive 808 reads a program and the like necessary for executing the system of the present invention (execution of various aspects) stored in the CD-ROM 810 according to a command from the CPU 801, and writes it in the RAM 806 or the like.
- a rewritable CD-R CD-RW or the like can be used as a recording medium instead of a CD-ROM.
- a CD-R or CD-RW drive is provided instead of the CD-ROM drive 808.
- DVD MO flash memory states It is also possible to use a medium such as a disk and have a drive corresponding to it.
- the central computer 30 communicates with the protein group purification unit 602, the mixing unit 603, and the mass spectrometry unit 604, and sends control information for these units to function, as well as protein identification results and protein Receives mass analysis results and displays identification results, intensity ratio, and affinity ratio identification results.
- the central computer 30 of the control unit 601 instructs the filling device (not shown) to fill the one culture device 11a with the culture solution, sample (cell), and other reagents necessary for the implementation of the present invention, and the protein.
- the reagent filling device (not shown) is instructed to add an isotope-labeled substance (isotopically-labeled amino acid, etc.) necessary for labeling, and the filling device performs filling (S901a).
- the central computer 30 instructs the reagent filling device (not shown) to fill the other culture device lib with the culture solution, sample (cell) and other reagents necessary for carrying out the present invention.
- the filling device (not shown) performs filling (S901b).
- the central computer 30 next instructs each culture apparatus lla and lib to incubate under predetermined conditions, and each culture apparatus lla and lib performs culture. Execute (S902a, S902b).
- the "predetermined condition" incubation time, incubation temperature, C0 2 concentration, presence or absence of stirring and the like.
- the central computer 30 After culturing under the predetermined conditions, the central computer 30 instructs the cell disruption devices 13a and 13 to perform the cell disruption process, and each of the cell disruption devices 13a and 13 executes the cell disruption (S903a and S903b). ). After disrupting the cells collected from the medium containing the isotope-labeled substance by S903a, the central computer 30 then instructs the carrier 15a, on which the predetermined compound is immobilized, to perform the protein purification step, and the carrier Performs protein purification (S905a). On the other hand, after disrupting cells collected from the medium containing no isotope by S903b, the central computer 30 then performs contact treatment between the compound and the compound so that the disrupted product (protein group) is contacted with the compound.
- the contactor 14 is commanded, and the contactor 14 performs contact (S904).
- purification of the protein is performed in the same manner as S905a (S905b).
- the central computer 30 prepares for protein purification in preparation for later mixing (S907).
- the controller 16a and 16b are instructed to temporarily store the protein sample after it has been separated by the purified protein fractionators 17a and 17b, and the controller executes the separation and temporary storage (S906a and S906b). Thereafter, the central computer 30 instructs the purified protein mixing unit 603 to mix the separated purified protein, and the purified protein mixing unit 603 mixes the purified protein (S907).
- the central computer 30 commands the preparation of a sample for mass spectrometry (S908).
- This sample preparation step for mass spectrometry may be performed in a well tray for culture or in another well tray (S908).
- the central computer 30 causes the spotter (not shown) to spot the prepared material on a plate for mass spectrometry (for example, plate 19 in FIG. 7), and then the mass spectrometer opens the sample for mass analysis.
- the spotter executes the spot, and the mass spectrometer performs the analysis (S909).
- the central computer 30 identifies the protein (S910), calculates the intensity ratio between the labeled peak and the unlabeled peak of each protein, and quantifies the ratio of the affinity of the compound for each protein (S911). Protein identification results and intensity ratio data are reported to the central computer 30 and the output device or computer display displays the identification results and intensity ratio (S912).
- the central computer 30 inquires the data of the intensity ratio and the identification result with the existing information, and stores it in the hard disk to create a database (S913).
- a second aspect of the present invention is a method for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds
- step (b) purifying a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier from a group of proteins previously contacted with the compound using a carrier on which the compound is immobilized; (c) isotopically labeling one of the protein obtained in step (a) or the protein obtained in step (b);
- step (e) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (d);
- the method is provided.
- the step consists of the above-mentioned “1.
- (1) (a) from the group of isotope-labeled proteins, a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the carrier on which the compound is immobilized.
- a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound immobilized on the carrier can be purified by the same method as in the “purifying step”.
- the protein group used in step (a) may be a protein group not labeled with an isotope, or a protein group labeled with an isotope different from the isotope used in step (c).
- the process includes the above-mentioned “1. (2) (b) Multiple types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the carrier on which the compound is immobilized from the protein group previously contacted with the compound. A plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound immobilized on the carrier can be purified by the method according to the “step of purifying the protein”.
- the protein group used in step (b) may be a protein group not labeled with an isotope, or a protein group labeled with an isotope different from the isotope used in step (c).
- Either the protein obtained in step (a) or the protein obtained in step (b) is isotopically labeled.
- the isotope used in step (c) can be a radioactive isotope, but a stable isotope that is not radioactive is particularly preferred because it is easy to handle.
- the stable isotopes include, but are not limited to, 2H, @ 13 C, 15 N, 17_Rei, 18 0, 33p or 34g or combinations thereof, preferably 2 H, 13 C, i 5 N or 180 or a combination thereof, more preferably 13 C, 15 N or ISO or a combination thereof, and more preferably i 3 C.
- the isotope used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can label a protein. The specific isotope labeling method is described below.
- the protein obtained in step (a) or step (b) can be isotopically labeled in vitro.
- isotope labeling can be achieved by alkylating cysteine residues in proteins with isotope-labeled alkylating reagents (“Rapid Communications 'In'mass' spectrum metric (Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry) J, Vol. 16, Vol. 15, No. 15, 2000, pp.1416-1424)
- isolating the biotin reagent labeled with cysteine residues in proteins It is also possible to use an avidin column to purify only the labeled protein (see “Nature Biotechnology”). ) ”No. 17, No. 10, 1 9 9 10 October, pp.994'999).
- peptide fragments obtained by digesting proteins can be labeled with isotope-labeled molecules such as C-terminal, N-terminal, dartamic acid residue, and aspartic acid residue.
- isotope-labeled molecules such as C-terminal, N-terminal, dartamic acid residue, and aspartic acid residue.
- digesting proteins with enzymes label them with 180 in buffer. Add water.
- chymotrypsin, trypsin, Asp-N, Lys_C, Glu-C can be used.
- Kimotoribushin when using the Asp-N is 18 0 Gertz be located at the C-terminus of peptides after hydrolysis, trypsin, Lys-C, when using a Glu C is the peptide after hydrolysis C It is known that both oxygen atoms of the terminal carboxylic acid are 180 .
- N-terminal of peptide fragments obtained by digesting proteins can be converted to nicotinic acid derivatives (Munchbach M, Quadroni M, Miotto G, James P. Quantitation and facilitated de novo sequencing of proteins by isotropic N-terminal labeling of peptides.
- Anal. Chem. 2000: 72, pp.4047-4057 and acetylation methods (Ji. J. C. Kraborborty A, Geng M, Zhang X, Amini A, Bina M, Regnier F. Strategy for quantitative and quantitative analysis in proteomics based on signature peptides. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 2000-745, pp.197-210) is known. Therefore, isotope labeling can also be performed by using these isotope-labeled reagents.
- This step can be performed by a method according to the above “1 (3) (c) Step of mixing the proteins obtained in step (a) and step (b)”.
- Step (d) Step of mass spectrometric treatment of the resulting mixture This step can be performed by the same method as the above-mentioned “1. (4) (d) Step of mass spectrometry treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c)”.
- This step can be carried out by the same method as in “1. (5) (e) Identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from mass spectrometry information” above.
- the intensity of the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a) and the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (b) The ratio can be determined by a method similar to the step of quantifying the affinity ratio of a compound to each protein.
- one of the protein obtained in the step (a) and the protein obtained in the step (b) is isotopically labeled in the step (c), and the other is not isotopically labeled.
- the value of the peak intensity ratio is calculated by the formula of “peak intensity derived from the protein obtained in step (a)” / “peak intensity derived from the protein obtained in step (b)”. Desired.
- the present invention further provides a system for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds,
- (c) means for isotopically labeling one of the protein obtained by means (a) or the protein obtained by means (b);
- (d) A means for mixing the labeled protein obtained in the means (c) with the other protein not labeled in the means (c) among the proteins obtained in the means (a) and the means (b)
- the means for purifying a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is described in “1.
- the protein group that is not labeled with an isotope can be used, or a protein group that is labeled with an isotope different from the isotope used in the means (c) can be used.
- a means for purifying a plurality of types of proteins that bind to a compound on a carrier from a group of proteins that have been contacted with a compound in advance using a carrier on which the compound is immobilized is described in ⁇ 1.
- a protein group that is not labeled with an isotope can be used, or a protein group labeled with an isotope different from the isotope used in the means (c) can be used.
- step (c) A means for isotopically labeling one of the protein obtained in the means (a) or the protein obtained in the means (b) is obtained in the above-mentioned “2.
- step (a) It is the same as the means used in the step of isotopically labeling one of the protein or the protein obtained in step (b).
- step (d) A means for mixing the labeled protein obtained in the means (c) with the other protein not labeled in the means (c) among the proteins obtained in the means (a) and the means (b) Is equivalent to the means used in the above “1.
- step (c) Step of mixing the protein obtained in step (a) and step (b)”.
- step (d) According to the means used in “the step of mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c)”.
- the means for identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the information of mass spectrometry is the above-mentioned step (1) (5)
- step (g) For each protein, determine the intensity ratio between the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a) and the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (b), and determine the affinity of the compound for each protein.
- the means for quantifying the ratio of “1. (6) (f)” for each protein is the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a) and the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (b). This is in accordance with the means used in the step of “determining the ratio of the affinity of a compound for each protein by determining the strength ratio of the compound”. In this case, the value of the peak intensity ratio is calculated by the formulas “the intensity of the peak derived from the protein obtained by means (a)” and “the intensity of the peak derived from the protein obtained by means (b)”. Desired.
- the system for analyzing the structural affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds in the second aspect of the present invention is in accordance with the description of the system in the first aspect (FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9).
- the order and composition of processing in the protein purification unit 602 are partially different.
- the protein purification unit 602 may further include a protein dispensing device, an isotope labeling control device, and the like in addition to the device described in the first aspect.
- the arrangement of the isotope labeling treatment means on the protein is different from the first embodiment, and in principle, no isotope labeling substance is mixed in the culture solution bottle 12a.
- the sample derived from the culture device 11a is the same as the sample derived from the culture device lib before the contact treatment with the compound by the contactor 14. Therefore,
- the protein group introduced into the contactor 14 with the compound may be a protein group collected from one of the different culture apparatuses 11a and lib. Alternatively, use only one culture device (11a, lib, or 11c (Fig. 10)), and divide the protein group collected from it into multiple pieces (for example, dozens of non-immobilized compounds). It may be contacted with a compound.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for dividing a protein group collected from one culture apparatus into a plurality of groups.
- a protein group collected from one culture apparatus 11c is disrupted by a cell disrupter 13c.
- the central computer 30 divides the crushed sample into a plurality of parts, a part is introduced into the carrier 15a on which the compound is immobilized, and another part is a contactor 14c-l, 14 2, 14c with the compound.
- -3 (Fig. 10 shows three contactors with compounds shown), instructed the sample dispenser 31 to divide the sample into multiple samples, each of which is fixed by the compound It introduce
- the isotope labeling step is performed after the protein is purified by the carriers 15a and 15b on which the compound is immobilized.
- the central computer 30 performs the isotope labeling control so that either the protein purified by S905a or the protein purified by S905b is isotopically labeled after protein purification by S905a and S905b. (Not shown) and the controller performs isotope labeling of the protein.
- the central computer 30 can further instruct the isotope labeling controller to perform post-labeling purification.
- the labeled protein is fractionated by the purified protein fractionators 17a and 17b and temporarily stored (S906a, S906b).
- the isotope labeling step can be performed after fractionation with the purified protein fractionators 17a and 17b.
- the central computer 30 sorts and temporarily stores the purified protein with S906a and S906b, and then isotope-labeled control device (not shown) so that one of the proteins stored with S906a and S906b is isotopically labeled.
- the controller performs isotope labeling of the protein.
- the protein mixing unit 603 and the mass spectrometry unit 604 are the same as in the first embodiment. 3.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a method for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds
- step (b) mixing the protein obtained in step (a) with an isotope-labeled protein group that is an internal standard;
- step (c) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (b);
- step (e) mixing the protein obtained in step (d) with an isotope-labeled protein group as an internal standard substance;
- step (f) mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (e);
- step (g) identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the mass spectrometry information obtained in step (c) and step (f);
- step (h) For each protein, the intensity ratio between the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a) and the peak derived from the protein that is the internal standard substance, and the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (d) Obtaining an intensity ratio with a peak derived from a protein that is an internal standard substance, and quantifying the ratio of the affinity of the compound for each protein by comparing the intensity ratio;
- the method is provided.
- the process includes the steps described in “1.
- (1) (a) From the group of isotope-labeled proteins, a plurality of types of tags that bind to the compound on the carrier using a carrier on which the compound is immobilized.
- a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound immobilized on the carrier can be purified by the same method as in the step of “purifying the protein”.
- a protein group not labeled with an isotope can be used as the protein group.
- a protein group labeled with an isotope different from the isotope used in the internal standard substance of the present invention can be used instead of the protein group not labeled with an isotope.
- step (b) Step of mixing the protein obtained in step (a) with an isotope-labeled protein group that is an internal standard substance
- the protein obtained in step (a) and the isotope-labeled protein group which is an internal standard substance are mixed at a certain ratio.
- the constant ratio may be equal or the ratio may be changed.
- the internal standard means the standard substance in the measurement system, and the isotope-labeled protein group here functions as the internal standard.
- the internal standard substance is preferably derived from a biological sample having the same quality as the plurality of types of proteins obtained in step (a), but may be derived from a different biological sample.
- An example of a method for preparing an isotope-labeled protein group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “internal standard substance of the present invention”) that can function as an internal standard substance is described below.
- the internal standard substance of the present invention can be prepared by metabolically isotopically labeling. For example, by culturing a culturable cell in a medium containing an isotopically labeled amino acid, the protein in the cell can be metabolically isotopically labeled. Any culture condition may be used, and a suitable condition for culturing the cells in a liquid medium or solid medium may be selected. For example, when animal cells are selected, use a medium such as DMEM, MEM, RPMI1640, IMDM, etc., and if necessary, serum such as urinary fetal serum (FCS), amino acid, glucose, penicillin, or streptomycin. At about pH 6-8, 30-40 ° C 15
- Cultivation can be performed for about 200 hours.
- the medium can be changed or aeration and agitation can be performed as needed.
- Cells containing the metabolically isotopically labeled proteins thus obtained are By crushing, the internal standard substance of the present invention can be prepared.
- the internal standard substance of the present invention can be prepared.
- M-PER PIERCE M-PER: cat no. 78501, T'PER: cat no. 78510, etc.
- a freeze-thaw method, etc. are preferable, and a method using a cell lysate is preferable. It is preferable to remove insoluble substances from the disrupted cells by centrifugation. In this way, the internal standard substance of the present invention can be prepared.
- a radioisotope can be applied, but a stable isotope having no radioactivity is particularly preferable because it is easy to handle.
- Stable isotopes include, but are not limited to, 2 H, i 3 C, 15 N, 170, is 0, 33 P or 34 S or combinations thereof, preferably 2 H, 13 C, 15 N or 180 or a combination thereof, more preferably i 3 C, 15 N or WO or a combination thereof, more preferably i 3 C.
- the isotope used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can label a protein. Specifically, as a precursor of an isotope-labeled protein, 0 3 C x 6 labels) Leucine (manufactured by Cambridge Isotope Labs (CIL), L'Leucine U- 13 C6, CLM-2262) can be mentioned .
- the internal standard substance of the present invention can also be prepared in vitro.
- isotope labeling can be achieved by alkylating a cysteine residue in a protein using an isotope-labeled alkylating reagent (“Rabbit * communications in mass spectrum”). (Rapid Communications in Mass Spectroscopy), Vol. 16, Vol. 15, Vol. 15, 2002, pp.1416-1424).
- isotope labeling can also be carried out by piotination of a cysteine residue in a protein using an isotope-labeled piotination reagent.
- it is possible to purify only the labeled protein using an avidin column ("Nature Biotechnology" Vol. 17, Vol.
- the C-terminal, N-terminal, and dull of peptide fragments obtained by digesting proteins can be labeled with an isotope-labeled molecule such as a tamic acid residue or aspartic acid residue.
- an isotope-labeled molecule such as a tamic acid residue or aspartic acid residue.
- water labeled with WO is added to a buffer solution.
- chymotrypsin, trypsin, Asp-N, Lys-C, and Glu-C can be used.
- ISO is located on the C-terminal side of the hydrolyzed peptide, and when trypsin, Lys'C or Glu-C is used, the hydrolyzed peptide C It is known that both oxygen atoms of the terminal carboxylic acid are 180 .
- N-terminal of peptide fragments obtained by digesting proteins may be nicotinic acid derivatives (Munchbach M, Quadroni M, Miotto G, James P. Quantitation and facilitated de novo sequencing of proteins by isotropic N-terminal labeling of Anal. Chem. 2000: 72, pp.4047-4057) and acetylation methods (Ji. J. Chakraborty A, Geng M, Zhang X, Amini A, Bina M, Reernier E Strategy for quantitative and quantitative analysis in proteomics based on signature peptides. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 2000: 745, pp.197-210) is known. Therefore, isotope labeling can also be performed by using these isotope-labeled reagents.
- step (d) Step of mass spectrometry treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c)”.
- the compound is A step of purifying a plurality of types of proteins that bind to a compound on the carrier using a standardized carrier
- the process includes the above-mentioned “1. (2) (b) Multiple types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the carrier on which the compound is immobilized from the protein group previously contacted with the compound. A plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound immobilized on the carrier can be purified by the same method as in the step of purifying the protein.
- a protein group not labeled with an isotope can be used as in the step (a). Further, a protein group labeled with an isotope different from the isotope used in the internal standard substance of the present invention can be used instead of the protein group not labeled with an isotope.
- step (e) Step of mixing the protein obtained in step (d) with an isotope-labeled protein group as an internal standard substance
- the protein obtained in the step (d) and the isotope-labeled protein group which is an internal standard substance are mixed at a certain ratio.
- the constant ratio may be equal or the ratio may be changed.
- the isotope-labeled protein group here functions as an internal standard, and is preferably derived from a biological sample that is the same as the multiple types of proteins obtained in step (d), but is different. It may be derived from a biological sample. In addition, since it functions as an internal standard substance, it is the same as the above-mentioned "3.
- the internal standard of the present invention is used.
- This step can be carried out by the same method as in “1. (5) (e) Identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from mass spectrometry information” above.
- each protein it is derived from the protein obtained in step (a).
- the peak intensity of the protein-derived peak obtained in step (a) or step (d) and the labeled peak derived from the internal standard substance of the present invention By obtaining the ratio and comparing the peak intensity ratio values, the affinity between each protein and the compound can be quantified.
- the peak / labeled peak in the protein (two-peak intensity ratio B )
- the affinity ratio between the compounds A and B and each protein can be quantified.
- the comparison can be performed, for example, by calculating the ratio between the peak intensity ratio B and the peak intensity ratio A.
- the obtained value can be used as the ratio of the affinity of Compound B to the affinity of Compound A for each protein.
- a protein that is present in the protein obtained in step (a) or step (d) but not in the internal standard of the present invention when measured with a mass spectrometer, a peak derived from a nearby internal standard substance of the present invention, preferably a peak with an elution time close to chromatography for LC / MS,
- the peak intensity ratio can be determined for peaks with similar molecular weights, and the peak intensity ratio can be compared for quantification. Therefore, for all proteins in the protein obtained in step (a) or step (d), It is possible to measure the affinity ratio between the protein and the compound.
- Protein X when comparing the affinity between Compound A and protein X immobilized on a carrier and the affinity between Compound B and protein X not immobilized on a carrier, Protein X may not exist in the internal standard, and a peak derived from protein Y may exist in the vicinity.
- the nearby peak is a peak derived from the internal standard substance of the present invention, a peak with a short elution time in chromatography for LC / MS, and a peak with a close molecular weight for MALDI-MS.
- the present invention further provides a system for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds,
- step (h) For each protein, the intensity ratio between the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a) and the peak derived from the protein that is the internal standard substance and the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (d) A means for determining an intensity ratio with a peak derived from a protein that is an internal standard substance, and comparing the intensity ratio, and quantifying the affinity ratio of the compound to each protein;
- step (b) Means for mixing the protein obtained in (a) with the isotope-labeled protein group that is an internal standard substance was obtained in the above “3.
- step (a) This is the same as the method used in the step of mixing the protein and the isotope-labeled protein group which is an internal standard substance.
- a carrier on which the compound is immobilized a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier are purified from a group of proteins that have been contacted with the compound in advance.
- proteins described in “1. (2) (b)” above a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the carrier on which the compound is immobilized are used. This is in accordance with the means used in the “purifying step”.
- a protein group that is not isotope-labeled can be used, or a protein group that is labeled with an isotope different from the isotope used in the internal standard substance of the present invention is used. You can also
- step (e) Means for mixing the protein obtained in the means (d) with the isotope-labeled protein group as the internal standard substance was obtained in the above “3. (5) (e) step (d)”. This is the same as the method used in the process of mixing the protein and the isotope-labeled protein group as the internal standard substance.
- Means for subjecting the mixture obtained in the means (e) to mass spectrometry is the means used in the above “1. (4) (d) Step of mass spectrometry treating the mixture obtained in the step (c)”. It is based on.
- the intensity ratio between the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a) and the peak derived from the protein that is the internal standard substance and the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (d) The means for quantifying the ratio of the affinity of a compound for each protein by determining the intensity ratio between the protein and the peak derived from the internal standard protein and comparing the intensity ratio is described in “3. (8) ( h) For each protein, the intensity ratio between the peak derived from the protein obtained in step (a) and the peak derived from the protein that is the internal standard substance and the protein obtained in step (b) Determine the intensity ratio between the peak derived from the peak derived from the protein that is the internal standard substance and compare the intensity ratio to determine the ratio of the affinity of the compound for each protein.
- the structural parent of a plurality of types of proteins and compounds in the third aspect of the present invention is described below.
- a system for analyzing the compatibility correlation is described. This system conforms to the description of the system of the first aspect (FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9), but the processing order and configuration of the protein purification unit 602 and the protein mixing unit 603 are partially different.
- the protein purification unit 602 may further include a protein dispensing device in addition to the device described in the first embodiment.
- the arrangement of the isotope labeling treatment means on the protein is different from the first embodiment, and in principle, no isotope labeling substance is mixed in the culture solution bottle 12a. Therefore, the sample derived from the culture apparatus 11a is the same as the sample derived from the culture apparatus lib before the contact treatment with the compound by the contactor 14. Therefore, the protein introduced into the contactor 14 with the compound may be a protein group collected from one of the different culture apparatuses 11a and lib. Alternatively, use only one culture device (11a, lib, or 11c (Fig. 10)), and divide the protein group collected from it into multiple pieces (for example, the number of non-immobilized compounds + 1) Even if it is contacted with a compound, it is good.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for dividing a protein group collected from one culture apparatus into a plurality of groups.
- a protein group collected from one culture apparatus 11c is disrupted by a cell disrupter 13c.
- the central computer 30 divides the crushed sample into a plurality of parts, a part is introduced into the carrier 15a on which the compound is immobilized, and the other part is a contactor 14c-l, 14c-2, 14 3 (Fig. 10 shows three contactors with compounds shown) to the sample dispenser 31 to be introduced, the sample dispenser divides the sample into multiple samples, each of which is fixed by a compound It is introduced into contactors 14c-l, 14c-2, and 14c-3 with the converted carrier 15a or compound.
- the cells are cultured under predetermined conditions using a culture apparatus lla, a culture solution bottle, 12a, and a cell crusher 13a to obtain a protein group. Keep it.
- the culture solution bottle 12a is mixed with amino acids for isotopically labeling the protein group to obtain an isotopically labeled protein group as an internal standard substance.
- the central computer 30 of the control unit 601 is an isotope label, an internal standard.
- the filling device (not shown) is instructed to fill the culture device 11a with the culture medium, sample (cells), and other reagents necessary to obtain the specified protein group. Execute.
- the central computer 30 next instructs the culture apparatus 11a to perform the culture under a predetermined condition, and the culture apparatus 11a executes the culture. After culturing under the predetermined conditions, the central computer 30 instructs the cell crushing device 13a to perform the cell crushing process, and the cell crushing device 13a executes the cell crushing.
- the protein mixing unit 603 is a unit that mixes the protein purified by the protein purification unit 602 and an isotope-labeled protein group which is an internal standard substance.
- the central computer 30 instructs the protein mixing unit 603 to mix the purified purified protein and the isotope-labeled protein group, which is an internal standard, after sorting and temporary storage by S906a and S906b.
- the purified protein mixing unit 603 mixes the purified protein (S907).
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds
- step (a2) mass spectrometric treatment of the purified product obtained in step (al);
- step (a3) a step of identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the mass spectrometry information obtained in step (a2);
- step (b2) mass spectrometric treatment of the purified product obtained in step (bl); (b3) a step of identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the mass spectrometry information obtained in step (b2);
- the method is provided.
- the process includes the above-mentioned “1.
- (1) (a) From the group of isotope-labeled proteins, a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the carrier on which the compound is immobilized.
- a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound immobilized on the carrier can be purified by the same method as in the step of “purifying the protein”.
- a protein group not labeled with an isotope can be used as the protein group. Further, an isotope-labeled protein group can be used in place of the non-isotope-labeled protein group.
- step (d) Step of mass spectrometry treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c)”.
- This step can be carried out by the same method as in “1. (5) (e) Identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from mass spectrometry information” above.
- the method for quantifying each protein is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be carried out by the following method.
- the detected peptides Calculate the number (N. bsd ) and the number of peptides that can be detected (N. bsb i).
- “Number of detected peptides (N. bs d)” is the number of peptides actually detected in “4. (2) (a2) Mass spectrometry of purified product obtained in step (al)”. Means. The number of detected peptides (N. bsd ) can be calculated based on the mass spectrometry data and the sequence information of the identified protein. The number of peptides detected (N obs d) matches the number of peaks detected by mass spectrometry for each protein when calculated based on mass spectrometry data.
- the number of peptides that can be detected is a value that can be theoretically detected in “4.
- the number of peptides that can be detected (N. bs bi) can be calculated based on the sequence information of the identified protein. For each protein, the number of peptides theoretically generated by separation, digestion or HPLC separation in the above steps is calculated based on the sequence information, and the number of peptides that can be detected by mass spectrometry (N. bsbl ) Can be requested.
- the peptide chain is cleaved at the carboxyl side of lysine and arginine by trypsin, so the number of peptides generated by cleavage can be predicted from the sequence information of each protein. it can.
- the number of peptides that can be detected (Nobsbl) can be determined in consideration of the measurement range of the mass spectrometer.
- EMPAI Set (.exponentially modined protein abundance index) and calculate.
- EMPAI is an index proportional to the protein content in the protein mixture. Furthermore, the protein content (mol%) can be calculated according to the following formula (II).
- protein content (% by weight) can be calculated according to the following formula (III).
- EMPAI X MW (EMPAI X MW) where MW represents the molecular weight of each identified protein.
- ⁇ (EMPAI XMW) represents the sum of EMPAI XMW for all identified proteins.
- the molecular weight of each protein can be calculated from the amino acid sequence.
- the total weight of the protein obtained in step (al) can be easily measured by existing methods such as Lowry method, Bradford method, and 280 nm absorbance measurement. Then, each protein can be quantified from the total weight of the protein obtained in the step (al) and the protein content determined as described above.
- each protein can be quantified by the above method.
- the process involves purifying a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the carrier in which the compound is immobilized, using the force of the protein group previously contacted with the compound as described in “1.
- (2) (b)” above A plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound immobilized on the carrier can be purified by the same method as in the step.
- the protein group a protein group that is not isotopically labeled can be used.
- a protein group that is labeled with an isotope can be used instead of a protein group that is not labeled with an isotope.
- (6) (b2) Process of mass-analyzing the purified product obtained in step (bl)
- step (d) Step of mass spectrometry treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c)”.
- This step can be carried out by the same method as in “1. (5) (e) Identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from mass spectrometry information” above.
- This step can be performed by the same method as in “4. (4) (a4) Step of quantifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins”.
- the affinity between each protein and the compound is determined by determining the ratio between the amount of protein derived from the protein obtained in step (a4) and the amount of protein derived from the protein obtained in step (b4). Can be quantified.
- the method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that it is not necessary to perform isotope labeling for each protein.
- the present invention further provides a system for analyzing a structure affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds,
- (a4) means for quantifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins
- (b3) Means Means for identifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins from the mass spectrometry information obtained in (b2), and
- (b4) means for quantifying each protein in a plurality of types of proteins
- the means for purifying a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is described in “1.
- a protein group that is not isotopically labeled can be used as the protein group.
- an isotope-labeled protein group can be used in place of the non-isotope-labeled protein group.
- step (d) According to the means used in “the step of mass spectrometric treatment of the mixture obtained in step (c)”.
- (bl) Compound immobilized from a group of proteins previously contacted with the compound
- the means for purifying a plurality of types of proteins that bind to the compound on the carrier using the prepared carrier is the above-mentioned “1.
- the protein group a protein group that is not isotopically labeled can be used. Further, an isotope-labeled protein group can be used in place of the non-isotopically labeled protein group.
- step (c) For each protein, determine the ratio of the protein mass derived from the protein obtained in step (al) and the amount of protein derived from the protein obtained in step (bl) to obtain the affinity of the compound for each protein.
- the means for quantifying the sex ratio is described in ⁇ 4.
- the system for analyzing the structural affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds in the fourth aspect of the present invention will be described below.
- This system conforms to the description of the system of the first aspect (FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9), but the protein mixing unit 603 is omitted, and the processing sequence and structure in the protein purification unit 602 are omitted.
- the composition is partially different.
- the arrangement of the isotope labeling treatment means on the protein is different from the first embodiment, and in principle, no isotope labeling substance is mixed in the culture solution bottle 12a. Therefore, the sample derived from the culture apparatus 11a is the same as the sample derived from the culture apparatus lib before the contact treatment with the compound by the contactor 14. Therefore, the protein introduced into the contactor 14 with the compound may be a protein group collected from one of the different culture apparatuses 11a and lib. Alternatively, use only one culture device (11a, lib, or 11c (Fig. 10)), and divide the protein group collected from it into multiple parts (for example, the number of non-immobilized compounds + 1) May be contacted with the compound.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus for dividing a protein group collected from one culture apparatus into a plurality of groups.
- a protein group collected from one culture apparatus 11c is disrupted by a cell disrupter 13c.
- the central computer 30 divides the crushed sample into a plurality of parts, a part is introduced into the carrier 15a on which the compound is immobilized, and the other part is a contactor 14 1, 14c-2, 14 with the compound.
- 3 (Fig. 10 shows three contactors with compounds shown) to the sample dispenser 31 to be introduced, and the sample dispenser divides the sample into multiple samples, each of which is immobilized by a compound.
- the contactor 14 cl 14 2, 14 3 with the supported carrier 15a or compound.
- the mass spectrometric unit is in accordance with instructions from the control unit 601 for each sample arranged in the purified protein fractionators 17a and 17b. (S908) and mass spectrometry (S909).
- the central computer 30 identifies the protein derived from 17a and the protein derived from 17b (S910), and based on the data at the time of mass spectrometry, amino acid sequence information by protein identification, etc. Quantify. For each protein, the ratio of the protein mass derived from 17a to the amount of protein derived from 17b is determined, and the affinity ratio of the compound to each protein is quantified.
- HCT116 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HCT116 (ATCC) was cultured.
- RPMI-1640 Sigma, R-7130
- MOREGATE 10% fetal bovine serum
- GOBCO 100 U / ml penicillin G
- streptomycin 100 g / ml streptomycin
- RPMI-1640 a powder medium not containing legglutamine, L-lysine, remethionine, L-leucine, or sodium bicarbonate was selected, and the medium (L-glutamine (Sigma, G-8540), L-lysine (Sigma, L-9037), L-methionine (Sigma, ⁇ 5308), hydrogen carbonate Sodium (Wako Pure Chemical, 191-01305) was added at 0.3 g / L, 0.04 g / L, 0.015 g / L, and 2 g / L, respectively, and natural L-leucine or stable isotope i 3 C L-leucine (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, CLM-2262) labeled with (6) was added at 0.05 g / L).
- the medium thus prepared was cultured at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 .
- the cells obtained by this culture were used in the following experiments as cells cultured in a natural medium or a stable isotope
- Cells were collected by cultivating cells in stable isotope medium for 50 15 centimeter dishes and cells cultured in natural medium for 20 centimeter dishes.
- a solubilized fraction was prepared by solubilizing with approximately 1.21111: ⁇ 1 £ 1 (PIERCE, 78501) per 15 cm dish and removing the insoluble fraction by centrifugation.
- the soluble fraction thus obtained was used as a protein extract not metabolically labeled with a stable isotope and a protein extract labeled with a metabolically stable isotope.
- Compound (6) was produced from compound (2) represented by formula 2 to formula 6 by the method described in JP-A-7-165708. Next, about the compound represented by Formula 2 to Formula 6, about 20 mg of the compound (2) consisting of Formula 2, about 13 mg of the compound (3) consisting of Formula 3 and about 4 mg of the compound consisting of Formula 4 (4 ) About 12 mg, about 5 mg of the compound consisting of Formula 5 (5) about 14 mg of about 6 mg of the compound consisting of Formula 6 (6), dissolved in DMSO, and the concentration of each compound I made it.
- These compounds are known to have cell growth inhibitory activity as follows: Compound (2)> Compound (4)> Compound 5> Compound 3> Compound 6 (Y. Oda, T. Owa, ⁇ Sato, B. Boucher, S. Daniels, H. Yamanaka, Y. Shinohara, A. Yokoi, J. Kuromitsu, and T. Nagasu, Anal. Chem., 75, 2159 (2003).).
- Example (4) Add 300 wL, and incubate at 4 ° C for 3 hours. This was used as a protein extract mixed with the compound.
- the protein purified solution 3 not mixed with the compound was mixed at a ratio of 1 to the protein purified solution 3 mixed with the compound.
- This mixture was concentrated with Amicon Ultra-15 10,000 MWCO (Millipore, catalog number UFC901096), washed repeatedly with 50 mM aqueous ammonia hydrogen carbonate, and then SDS-PAGE (D.C. 20% T gel, l mm, 7 well, 4 cm, 200V), the electrophoresis lane was divided into 12 equal parts, and gel trypsin digestion was performed to obtain a digested protein solution (H. Katayama, K. Sato , M. Takeuchi, M. Deguchi-Tawarada, Y. Oda and T. Nagasu, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 17, 1071-1078 (2003).).
- the digested protein solution was dissolved in 5% acetonitrile with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid to obtain a protein solution to be measured.
- MS as LCQ-Duo (Thermo
- LC / MS LC is a homemade ODS column (Y. Ishihama, J. Rappsilber, JS Andersen, M. Mann, J. Chromatogr A. 979, 233-239 (2002).) Inner diameter 0.2 mm, length approximately 15 cm, containing 0.5% acetic acid as the mobile phase.
- the acetonitrile concentration is 4% in 1 minute, then the acetonitrile concentration is increased linearly to 20% in 35 minutes, then the acetonitrile concentration is increased to 80% in 0.1 minutes and maintained for 5 minutes, and then the acetonitrile concentration is 0%. After 12 minutes, the next sample was injected.
- the Shimadzu LC-10A series ROM was made micro-compatible, and for the mixing chamber, the supplied Shimadzu Corporation was removed and a Parco T connector was adopted.
- a flow-splitting method was adopted as the flow rate, and the column was prepared to have a flow rate of 1-2 – L per minute.
- the protein solution to be measured was injected by CTC autosampler PAL.
- the measurement was performed by feeding ions obtained by directly spraying the eluate from the column outlet into the LCQ. A spray voltage of 2.5 kV was applied.
- the measurement was set to 1 for Dynamic Exclusion Repeat in Data Dependent mode. In order to increase the number of scans, the measurement was performed in the so-called double play mode without the Zoom Scan mode.
- the protein was automatically identified using the NCBInr database. At this time, a part of the program was modified so that NCBInr could be searched even for leucine labeled with a stable isotope (an increase in molecular weight of 6 per leucine).
- FIG. 5 shows a structural affinity relationship between a plurality of types of proteins and compounds represented by compound 2 (compound 2) to compound 6 (compound 6). A smaller number means stronger affinity for the compound.
- the protein with the highest affinity for compound (3) (Chemical Formula 3) is glutathione-S-transferase omega 1 and the protein with the next highest affinity is , Heme binding protein 1, so that the order of affinity strength is known, so compound (3) force Obtain information on what kind of protein has high affinity in addition to the target protein (Fig. 5).
- the method of the present invention can comprehensively analyze what kind of protein affinity is affected by changing the structure of the compound. It is possible to obtain useful information that reduces side effects while enhancing
- the present invention it is not necessary to prepare a plurality of affinity chromatography columns in which the compound is immobilized, and it is possible to easily and efficiently obtain information on the structure affinity relationship based on the plurality of compounds. Became.
- the present invention it is possible to comprehensively analyze what kind of protein the affinity is affected by changing the structure of the compound, and it has the main effect in synthesizing a compound, particularly a drug. It has become possible to obtain useful information that can reduce side effects while enhancing. For example, it is possible to comprehensively determine what dehydrogenase affinity is affected by changing the structure of a compound by obtaining information on the structure affinity relationship using a carrier on which NAD or NADP is immobilized according to the present invention. It became possible to obtain useful information on specificity, selectivity, etc. in screening dehydrogenase inhibitors.
- any kinase, ATP-ase, GTP'ase can be obtained by changing the structure of the compound by obtaining information on the structural affinity relationship using the carrier on which ATP or GTP is immobilized according to the present invention. It will be possible to obtain comprehensive information on specificity, selectivity, etc. when screening these inhibitors. It was.
- the concentration of the compound bound to the carrier on which the compound is immobilized is generally about 0.1 mg to several mg per ml of gel, which corresponds to about 1 mM.
- concentration of the compound immobilized on the carrier on which the compound is immobilized for example, an affinity chromatography column.
- the compound concentration is reduced from several M to several nM, so that it is closer to the state of the compound in the living body. Both became possible
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EP05758170A EP1783496B1 (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2005-07-04 | Method of analyzing protein structural affinity relationship |
AT05758170T ATE538384T1 (de) | 2004-07-02 | 2005-07-04 | Verfahren für die analyse von proteinstruktur- affinitäts-beziehungen |
JP2006529016A JP4469853B2 (ja) | 2004-07-02 | 2005-07-04 | タンパク質構造親和性相関の解析方法 |
US11/571,337 US8030083B2 (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2005-07-04 | Method of analyzing protein structural affinity relationship |
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US58536204P | 2004-07-02 | 2004-07-02 | |
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CN101987101A (zh) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-03-23 | 天津金耀集团有限公司 | 糖皮质激素芳香基氨磺酰基磺酸酯为活性成分的眼用抗炎组合物 |
NZ604013A (en) * | 2010-06-16 | 2014-10-31 | Abbott Lab | Comparison of protein samples |
EP2689250A1 (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2014-01-29 | AbbVie Inc. | Methods and systems for the analysis of protein samples |
EP2850229A4 (en) | 2012-05-16 | 2016-02-17 | Expression Pathology Inc | SRM / MRM METHOD FOR HISTOLOGICAL SUBTYPING OF PULMONARY TUMORS |
EP3008459B1 (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2017-11-01 | Roche Diagnostics GmbH | Method and device for producing a test element |
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JP2003177131A (ja) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-27 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 生物学的な結合親和性を検出する方法 |
JP2004515786A (ja) * | 2000-12-14 | 2004-05-27 | ポール・ストルーバント | 特異的ファージ捕捉プロテオミクス |
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US5674987A (en) | 1994-07-22 | 1997-10-07 | Anatrace, Inc. | Extraction of proteins from naturally occurring membranes |
EP1686372A4 (en) | 2003-11-21 | 2009-04-01 | Eisai R&D Man Co Ltd | QUANTIFICATION METHOD USING AN ISOTOPE-MARKED INTERNAL CALIBRATION, ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR EXECUTING THE QUANTIFICATION METHOD AND ASSOCIATED SEPARATION PROGRAM |
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JP2004515786A (ja) * | 2000-12-14 | 2004-05-27 | ポール・ストルーバント | 特異的ファージ捕捉プロテオミクス |
JP2003177131A (ja) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-27 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | 生物学的な結合親和性を検出する方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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NISIMURA Y.: "Saibo Kogaku Bessatsu Jikken Protocol Series Tanpakushitsu Jikken Protocol Kino Kaisekihen", 1997, pages 156 - 161, XP002996677 * |
TERADA H.: "Kagaku to Seibutsu Jikken Line 48 Tanpakushitsu to Kakusan no Bunri Seisei -Kiso to Jikken", HIROKAWA, 2001, pages 453 - 470, XP002996676 * |
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US8030083B2 (en) | 2011-10-04 |
EP1783496A4 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
EP1783496B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
EP2306198A1 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
ATE538384T1 (de) | 2012-01-15 |
JPWO2006004213A1 (ja) | 2008-04-24 |
JP4469853B2 (ja) | 2010-06-02 |
EP1783496A1 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
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