WO2005124759A1 - Implants optiques empechant la duplication de supports originaux - Google Patents

Implants optiques empechant la duplication de supports originaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005124759A1
WO2005124759A1 PCT/IL2005/000658 IL2005000658W WO2005124759A1 WO 2005124759 A1 WO2005124759 A1 WO 2005124759A1 IL 2005000658 W IL2005000658 W IL 2005000658W WO 2005124759 A1 WO2005124759 A1 WO 2005124759A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
medium
optical
information
implants
optical medium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IL2005/000658
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Abrahamoff
Eli Flaxer
Victor Lyubin
Matvey Klebanov
Original Assignee
D.M.S. - Dynamic Media Solutions Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IL16265704A external-priority patent/IL162657A0/xx
Application filed by D.M.S. - Dynamic Media Solutions Ltd. filed Critical D.M.S. - Dynamic Media Solutions Ltd.
Publication of WO2005124759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005124759A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/00166—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which result in a restriction to authorised contents recorded on or reproduced from a record carrier, e.g. music or software
    • G11B20/00173—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which result in a restriction to authorised contents recorded on or reproduced from a record carrier, e.g. music or software wherein the origin of the content is checked, e.g. determining whether the content has originally been retrieved from a legal disc copy or another trusted source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/00572—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium
    • G11B20/00586—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium said format change concerning the physical format of the recording medium
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/00572—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium
    • G11B20/00586—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium said format change concerning the physical format of the recording medium
    • G11B20/00608—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which change the format of the recording medium said format change concerning the physical format of the recording medium wherein the material that the record carrier is made of is altered, e.g. adding reactive dyes that alter the optical properties of a disc after prolonged exposure to light or air
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/0071—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving a purchase action
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/00086—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy
    • G11B20/0092—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which are linked to media defects or read/write errors
    • G11B20/00927—Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy involving measures which are linked to media defects or read/write errors wherein said defects or errors are generated on purpose, e.g. intended scratches

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to the field of protection of optical media from being copied or otherwise used without authorization. Specifically the invention relates to a method of causing controlled changes in the properties of the media in order to detect unauthorized copies of optical media and to prevent their use and reproduction of unauthorized copies.
  • Copy protection of DVD -video is typically provided by encryption of the digital information on the media by use of the Content Scrambling System
  • CSS CSS protected disc
  • the software of DVD X CopyTM XPress has a built in DVD ripper/decrypter and also burn engine.
  • Chalcogenide materials are compounds possessing the common feature of comprising elements of the Group VLB of the periodic table, namely sulfur, selenium, and tellurium also referred to as chalcogens.
  • Known chalcogenide compounds include combinations of these elements with other elements selected from arsenic, germanium, antimony, bismuth, halides, rare earth and transition metals, and some of the lanthanides as well, all with varying quantitative relations between them.
  • Structural, optical, and photoelectronic properties of chalcogenide amorphous and non-amorphous materials have been the subject of interest for about 40 years. This interest has been stimulated both by basic scientific questions relating to the structure and properties of these materials, and the need to assess their potential technological applications.
  • Chalcogenides may appear and be processed in both crystalline and glass/amorphous phases, the latter being of most interest from a technological opto-electronic point of view. This is due to a number of interesting photo- and particularly laser-induced responses of chalcogenide glassy films (ChGF), two of which are known as photo-structural transformation and phase change. These phenomena, which may either be reversible or non-reversible, spread between amorphous-crystalline- amorphous (phase change) and amorphous-amorphous (structural) transformations; the physical interpretation of the latter phenomena is not that an actual structural change takes place but rather a change in the electronic energy states of the material.
  • ChGF chalcogenide glassy films
  • the present invention provides methods for preventing unauthorized copying from optical media and for detecting and preventing the use of optical media on which unauthorized copies have been made.
  • the present invention also provides media, which are adapted for use with these methods.
  • the methods of the invention consist of the addition to the discs, comprising the media on which the information is stored, one or more optical implants whose optical properties can be controllably and reversibly influenced by an external stimulus.
  • the optical implants are spots or areas coated with photochromic material and the external stimulus are the photons supplied by the beam of the reading laser, which impinges on the material.
  • the implants of the invention can be incorporated within or on the surface of the optical discs and, together with suitable control instructions, allow the discs to be identified according to the method of the invention.
  • the control instructions can be placed on the disc, on the reader, on a computer connected to the reader, or supplied from a remote location connected to the computer via the internet.
  • disc and “medium” or “discs”, “media”, “optical medium” and “optical media” are used interchangeably to refer to devices on which information is recorded and/or read optically.
  • optical implant refers to a material which is placed at specific localized positions on the media and whose optical properties can be changed under the influence of an external energy source.
  • photochromic refers to changes in the optical properties of a material that are caused by absorption of photons.
  • the invention is applicable to all forms of information including, but not limited to, music, movies, games, educational programs, data banks, and software.
  • This information can be stored on and read optically from many types of media including, but not limited to, audio CD, CDR, CDRW, CDROM, DVD, DVDR, DVDRW, and magneto-optic discs.
  • the present invention is an optical medium containing information optically readable by a beam of light and/or on which information can be written by a beam of light.
  • the optical medium of the invention comprises one or more optical implants placed on the surface of or within the medium. These optical implants prevent, change, or otherwise influence the reading of a portion of the information at a particular location on the medium, by interfering with the beam of light as the result of controllable and reversible changes of the transmission of light through the material of which the optical implants are comprised. The changes of transmission are influenced by the reading beam of light.
  • the material of which the optical implants are comprised is a thin film of chalcogenide material comprising an alloy of Selenium combined with lesser amounts of different elements. In preferred embodiments, the different elements are selected mainly from the group comprising: Te, Sb, As, and S.
  • the optical implants can be located on the medium at one or more positions selected from the group comprised of: (a) on the surface of the substrate; (b) at the interface between the optically readable information on the medium and a reflecting or semi-reflecting layer; (c) at the bonding layer between pieces of the media; and (d) inside the polycarbonate layer.
  • the medium is a writable medium and comprises one or more optical implants at specific locations on the medium. In order to allow information downloaded from an internet site to be copied from the hard disc of a computer to the medium, the presence of the implants at the specific locations must be verified by control instructions that are downloaded from the internet site along with the information.
  • information cannot be downloaded from an internet site to the hard disc of a computer until the presence of a medium of the invention in one of the drives of the computer is verified by control instructions on the internet site.
  • the locations of the one or more optical implants on the medium can be selected from a large number of possibilities and the control instructions at an internet site scan all the possible locations to determine the exact locations of the implants. Once the exact locations of the implants on the medium is determined then they are included in a set of operating instructions that are downloaded from the internet site to the hard disc of the computer along with the information at the site.
  • the medium can serve as a means of payment to the owner of an internet site for information downloaded from that site.
  • the invention concerns a system comprising an optical medium of the invention and control instructions.
  • the control instructions contain information suitable to control the mechanism employed for reading information contained on the medium and for verifying the authenticity of the medium by using the results of the readings.
  • the control instructions verify the authenticity of the medium by comparing the information read from the medium at one or more selected locations, corresponding to locations wherein the optical implants interfere with the beam of light.
  • the control instructions can be comprised in software that can be provided on the optical medium, on the optical medium player, or on a separate application.
  • the invention presents a method of testing to determine if an unknown optical medium is an authorized optical medium of the invention or if it is an unauthorized copy of the original optical medium.
  • the method of the invention prevents the use of the unknown optical medium if it is an unauthorized copy or allows the use of the unknown optical medium if it is an authorized optical medium.
  • Figs. 2A to 2E symbolically show cross-sectional views of the media showing a section of the spiral track for a CD and each of the DVD formats;
  • - Fig. 3 presents typical plots showing photo-darkening and spontaneous bleaching as a function of irradiation time at room temperature for an amorphous Se film containing 1% Te;
  • - Fig. 4 schematically shows some of the possible locations on a DVD 9 disc that can be chosen for placement of the optical implant;
  • - Fig. 5 is a series of plots showing the change in transmission, during selected single pulses, through a SegsTes film irradiated by a series of lO ⁇ sec pulses
  • - Fig. 6 is a series of plots showing the change in transmission, during selected single pulses, through a (Se 95 Tes)o. 85 x (Ss 5 Asi 5 )o . ⁇ 5 film irradiated by a series of lO ⁇ sec pulses;
  • - Fig.7 is a series of plots showing the change in relative transmission, during selected single pulses, through a film of Se ⁇ oo- ⁇ - y S x Te y irradiated by a series of 10 ⁇ sec pulses.
  • the method of the invention can be used to identify and protect information that is stored on and can be read optically from any type of optical media.
  • optical media include, but are not limited to: audio CD, CDR, CDROM, CDRW all of the DVD types and formats, including DVDR and DVDRW, and magneto-optic discs.
  • Figs. 1A and IB show schematically the principle of the present invention.
  • a data disc 10 on which is created a spiral track 12, which contains all of the various types of information that are necessary for the data on the disc to be read.
  • This information includes, for example, the table of contents, operation instructions, error correction codes, and the data itself. All of this information is arranged along the spiral according to standard formats proscribed by protocols, which are well known in the industry and have been developed for each type of information stored on the disk, for example music, movies, or data storage.
  • instructions that are unique to the present invention and formulated in a manner similar to the exemplary algorithm described hereinbelow can be added at different locations on the data track of the disc and can be run at any selected time or in any predetermined order.
  • Figs. 2A to 2E symbolically are cross-sectional views of the media showing a section of the spiral track for a CD and each of the DVD formats.
  • Fig. 2A shows a portion of the spiral track 12 of a CD.
  • the thickness of the disk 10 is 1.2mm including the polycarbonate substrate 20, reflective aluminum layer 22, and a thin layer of acrylic plastic 24 deposited on top of the reflecting layer 22 to protect it.
  • a label (not shown) is then placed on the top of the acrylic layer 24 to identify the contents of the disc.
  • a laser 26, focused on the reflective layer covering the lands and pits, is used to read the information encoded in the spiral track 12.
  • a DVD media disk is comprised of two polycarbonate substrate layers that are bonded together.
  • the DVDs are produced in different formats that comprise either one layer (DVD 5) or two layers (DVD 9) that are read from one side of the media disc with a single laser or comprising either two layers (DVD 10) or four layers (DVD 18) that are read from both sides of the media disc by turning the media over.
  • These four formats are schematically shown in Figs. 2B to 2E.
  • the laser 26 or its focal point
  • the track 12 of the layer closest to the laser must be coated with a semi-reflective layer 28 in order to allow the track above it, which is covered by a fully reflective layer 22, to be read.
  • the semi-reflective layer 28 is typically comprised of gold, silver alloy, or silicon.
  • the second position of laser 26 is schematically shown with broken lines.
  • each of the polycarbonate substrates 20 has a thickness essentially equal to one half of the thickness "t" of a CD disk.
  • the two substrates 20 are joined at bonding layer 30 to form the finished media disc 10.
  • the light from a focused laser 26 shining orthogonally onto the track 12 through the polycarbonate substrate
  • a tracking system moves the laser and detector back and forth along a line parallel to the radius of the disc in order to keep the laser focused on the spiral track on the disc as a drive circuit rotates the disc.
  • the drive system varies the speed of rotation of the disc in order to cause the information in the spiral track on the media to pass the laser reading head at a constant linear velocity that is independent of the position on the disc of the information being read. All of the optical, mechanical, control elements, and software necessary to read the information recorded on the media discs are well known in the art and will not be further discussed herein. Referring to Fig. 1A and Fig.
  • numeral 14 designates an optical film implant, typically a spot or patch of photochromic material, placed in or on the media disk 10 at a position between the reading laser 26 and the location A on the spiral track 12.
  • the photochromic material of which the implant is comprised undergoes a change in its optical property.
  • the implant comprises a photochromic material whose transparency changes from a clear state to a state that is sufficiently opaque to prevent correct reading of the information on the disc or to otherwise affect the reading of the information on the media. It is a further requirement of the invention that, in order to allow unlimited use of the media, the change in transparency is reversible, i.e.
  • the transparency of the photochromic material must return to a state that allows normal use of the media.
  • the photochromic effect is known as photodarkening; and the reverse process is spontaneous bleaching, which takes place over a period of time tb after the source of light impinging on its surface is removed.
  • the disc 10 is placed in the reader and instructions are given to read the information at predetermined location A on the spiral track 12. The information is read and will have a given value. At a time less than tb after the first reading the reader is instructed to read the information at location A second time and the two readings are compared. If, as a result of being illuminated by the laser beam, the optical transparency of the optical implant 14 is reduced below a value that is characteristic of the reader then the laser will be unable to read the information at location A the second time. For a typical computer DVD player checked by the inventors it was determined that reducing transmission of the media to about 30% to 50% of the intensity measured without the optical implant will prevent reading of the data.
  • the drive and tracking motors are instructed to rotate the disc such that the focused laser beam impinges on implant 14 a predetermined number of times during a period of time less than tb until the accumulative change in transparency is enough to interfere with reading of the information at location A.
  • the properties of the photochromic material and the amount of radiation impinging on the optical implant each time that the laser beam passes over it are known; therefore the number of times the material must be exposed to the beam can be easily determined.
  • Another technique is to alter the operating instructions of the drive system of the reader to reduce the speed of rotation of the disc to allow the photochromic material to absorb a sufficient number of photons.
  • a third reading which should be the same as the original one, can be made after a period of time greater than tb.
  • the first reading can be made after the optical implant has absorbed enough photons to cause the required change in transparency and the second after tb. If the media behaves in accordance with the above, i.e. the readings at A are dependent on the amount of radiation from the laser that falls on the optical implant and the time after the initial irradiation at which the second reading is made, then this indicates that the photochromic material is present on the disc at location A, i.e. that the information is recorded on an authorized media.
  • Preferred photochromic materials for the optical implant 14 are amorphous chalcogenide materials, comprising selenium doped with different elements.
  • the preferred method of working with these materials is to fabricate thin films by evaporation or high-frequency sputtering in vacuum. These films undergo photo-darkening under the influence of laser beam irradiation, followed, after a certain delay after irradiation ceases, by spontaneous bleaching at room temperature.
  • the essence of the photo-darkening process is the transition of the amorphous chalcogenide materials from a first stable state to an excited, metastable state, which is energetically separated from the stable state by a potential barrier, which in most cases cannot be overcome at room temperature.
  • the main characteristic of the materials suitable for the present invention, i.e. reversible chalcogenide materials is a small value of the potential barrier separating those two states of the material. This fact permits the realization of reverse spontaneous transition of the material from metastable to stable state at room temperature, and it is the basis for the photo-optical effect i.e., dependence of the absorption coefficient on the illuminating light intensity.
  • Fig. 3 is presented typical characteristic plots showing photo-darkening (decrease of transmission T) and spontaneous bleaching (increase of transmission T) as a function of irradiation time at room temperature.
  • the downward pointing arrows mark the instant that the laser is switched on and the upward pointing arrows mark the instant at which the laser is switched off.
  • time is shown on the horizontal axis and is measured in seconds.
  • the parameters of interest in determining the suitability of materials for use in the present invention is the ratio of the light transmission through the film in the non-irradiated and irradiated states (T n i/Ti), and the time of spontaneous bleaching at room temperature (tb).
  • the appearance of the phenomena of non-erasing was observed in all films with x>8.0.
  • the laser In a DVD reader the laser has an output of approximately 7 to lOmW and the energy density at the focus is therefore about 0.25 to 1 xlO 6 watts/cm 2 as compared to the energy density of 2-3 watts/cm 2 used to obtain the results described hereinabove. It is reasonable to assume that, although the effect may not be linear, the desired changes in optical properties of the thin films of chalcogenide materials comprising selenium doped with different elements described herein will take place in a much shorter period of time and will exhibit a greater degree of photo-darkening at the energy density supplied by the DVD player's laser.
  • the following measurements were made using a continuous laser having an output of lmW at 632nm to irradiate a sample comprised of a thin film comprised of Se+5%Te having l ⁇ m thickness.
  • the sample was placed at a location where the spot size of the impinging beam was 0.7mm diameter resulting in an energy density of -2.7 watts/cm 2 Over an interval of 5 sec the transmission of the sample was observed to be reduced by 10%.
  • the sample was then moved relative to the laser to a position at which the spot size was reduced to 40microns resulting in an energy density of -27 watts/cm 2 .
  • a reduction in transmission by a factor of 3.5 was obtained in 0.5 sec, i.e. an interval of time 10% of the time period in the first measurement.
  • Fig. 5 is shown the change in transmission that occurs during selected single pulses when a O. ⁇ micron thick Se ⁇ sTes film is irradiated by the series of 10 ⁇ sec pulses.
  • the energy density is - 16kW/cm 2 .
  • the transparency of the film decreased from -0.35 to -0.2, i.e. by 43%.
  • the laser continued to irradiate the sample and after one minute the 181 st pulse was recorded (curve 2).
  • the initial transmission was -0.27 and photodarkening took place reducing the transmission to -0.15.
  • the laser continued to irradiate the sample for four more minutes and the 905 th pulse (curve 3) was sampled five minutes after the beginning of the irradiation period.
  • photodarkening is also observed with the transmission reduced from -0.22 to -0.12 during the duration of the pulse.
  • the laser beam was blocked and the film was kept in darkness for a three minute interval.
  • the sample was again irradiated by the laser and the change in transparency of the film during the first next 10 ⁇ sec pulse was recorded (curve 4). From this curve it can be seen that during the three minutes of darkness the transparency increased from -0.12 to -0.35 and then decreased to -0.2 by the end of the first pulse.
  • the laser continued to irradiate the film and the pulse recorded one minute later (curve 5) again showed the essential photodarkening.
  • the results shown in Fig. 5 indicate that the Se ⁇ sTes film exhibits photodarkening during 10 ⁇ sec pulses of 16 kW/cm 2 radiation and bleaching in darkness while retaining the photodarkening ability. Similar results were obtained for Se ⁇ oo- ⁇ Te x films having many different values of x as well as for Sb x Seioo-x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2.0) and As y Seioo- y (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1.0) films. The results of the experiments showed that the initial transparency of the Se ⁇ oo- ⁇ Te x films having a thickness of 0.6 microns is not very large, i.e. 0.35 for Seg ⁇ Tes film, for the example shown in Fig. 5.
  • the transparency can be increased by decreasing the thickness of the film.
  • Fig. 6 shows the changes in transmission during the length of a pulse of a 0.75 micron thick (Seg ⁇ Te ⁇ )o. ⁇ x (S8 ⁇ Asi ⁇ )o.i ⁇ film irradiated by a series of 10 ⁇ sec pulses.
  • the experiments were carried out as described hereinabove with reference to Fig. 5.
  • Curvel the changes of transparency during initial first pulse (curvel), after one minute of constant irradiation (curve 2), and after an additional four minutes of irradiation (curve 3).
  • the film was then kept in darkness for three minutes and then irradiated again.
  • Fig. 7 shows typical curves of the change in relative transmission through a 0.7 micron thick film of this material during the length of specific 10 ⁇ sec pulses selected from a series of pulses with which the film was irradiated. Shown in Fig. 7 is the change of relative transparency during initial first pulse (curve 1) and after one minute of constant irradiation (curve 2). The film was then kept in darkness for three minutes and then irradiated again.
  • a thin dielectric film comprised of a MgF 2 film with thickness 100 - 200 nm was introduced between the chalcogenide film and the reflective layer of the DVD disc in order to prevent any possible interaction between the chalcogenide and metal layers that could influence the correct working of the media.
  • the method of the invention is capable of being carried out on existing optical playback devices, including blue laser DVDs, with no changes in the hardware necessary.
  • all that is necessary to execute the method of the invention is to make use of the ASPI code, or another library code, for DVDROM the ASPI code or another library code, and for DVD-Video navigation commands with SPRM and GPRM are used.
  • the operating instructions are modified or new ones added to the media that instruct the tracking system is to move the laser to predetermined location A on the disc; or, if it is able, the drive is instructed to rotate the disc at the appropriate speed, and the rest of the procedure described hereinabove is carried out. If the disc is authorized, i.e.
  • the two readings will be different and the system will be instructed to proceed with running the program or reading the information in the medium. If the disc does not contain the photochromic material at location A, then the two readings will be the same and the system will receive instructions either to not allow running the program or reading the information on the disk or to introduce errors that will prevent normal operation.
  • the disc is provided with deposits of photochromic material at two or more locations.
  • the source of the photons required to cause photo-darkening of the photochromic material is the laser used to optically read the information on the media.
  • the amount of light falling on the photochromic material can be changed in a controllable way by, for example: changing the power output of the laser, which would, for some players, require modification of the hardware as well as the software; changing the speed at which the laser passes over the optical element; and increasing the number of times that the laser returns to the same location, i.e. making multiple readings at the location of the photochromic material.
  • the degree of photo-darkening and time of spontaneous bleaching can be selected by proper choice of the constituents of the alloy. It is also possible to adjust the degree of photo- darkening by adjusting the thickness of the film.
  • the thin films of photochromic materials that are the optical implants can be created in/on the optical media by many different techniques including vacuum evaporation, vacuum sputtering, and injecting the material. Other techniques, such as spin coating, which is more suitable to covering large surface areas, can also be used in certain circumstances. All of these techniques are well known in the art and can be carried out using the standard equipment found in the optical media production lines. Skilled persons would have no difficulty in making the necessary changes in the production process of the optical media in order to create optical implants at predetermined locations.
  • Fig. 4 are schematically shown some of the possible locations on a DVD 9 disc that can be chosen for placement of the optical element. These include (a) on the bonding layer 30 between the two halves of the disc, (b) in the lower polycarbonate substrate 20, (c) on the outside surface of the lower polycarbonate substrate 20, (d) between the second spiral track 12 and the reflective layer 22 and (e) between the first spiral track 12 and the semi- reflective layer 28.
  • photochromic material there are two different ways to place the deposit of photochromic material at location (b): in the first method the lower substrate is split into two pieces and implant 14 is deposited or sputtered on the surface of one of the pieces before they are bonded together; in the second method the photochromic material is injected along with the polycarbonate during the injection phase of the production of the media.
  • the location (c) can only be used for very sensitive photochromic materials since it is so far from the focus of the laser 26.
  • the photochromic material is deposited or sputtered on top of track 12 stamped into the surface of the substrate 20 before reflective layer 22 or semi-reflective layer 28 is created.
  • the method of the invention will be further understood from the following algorithm that describes the control instructions that must be encoded as part of the control software supplied on the optical medium, on the optical medium player, or on a separate application according to the invention. These instructions instruct the optical player how to carry out a series of steps that will test the authenticity of the disc.
  • the instructions outlined hereinbelow are for a medium containing one spot of photochromic material located at location A on the medium as described hereinabove. The data at specified location A is read once at the beginning and again at the end of the test period. It should be understood that the following algorithm is intended only as an example of the method of the invention and that many different sets of instructions, suitable for use with any of the embodiments described hereinabove, and other embodiments can be formulated.
  • the present invention can be used to provide a solution to many other problems that prevent copywrite owners from retaining control over their property.
  • One such application of the method of the present invention is to provide recordable media on which the information which is recorded will be protected from copying.
  • optical implants of the type described herein and can be placed at specific locations. It is possible to stamp information at these locations before creating the implant or to "burn" the information through the optical implants.
  • the software to implement the method of the invention can be recorded on the media by means of a special compiler and after the compilation stage has been completed, the information can be "burned" onto the media. As a result of the presence of the optical implant and special software, the media is protected in the same way as the readonly media described hereinabove.
  • Writeable discs prepared as described hereinabove can also be used to prevent illegal copying of information available on the internet.
  • along with the information that is downloaded from a site on the internet will be control instructions for checking the authenticity of the media according to the methods described herein.
  • the control instructions will search for the presence of the optical implant and, only if their presence on the media is confirmed, will they allow the downloaded information to be copied from the computer's hard disc to the media.
  • special control instructions located at the internet site can be activated to determine if a media of the invention has been loaded in the drive of the computer. These instructions will allow download of the information from the site only to the hard disk of a computer that contains a medium containing the optical implants.
  • the control instructions located at the internet site it is not necessary for to the control instructions located at the internet site to know in advance the exact locations of the optical implants on the medium.
  • the optical implants are located on the medium at one or more locations selected from a large number of possibilities.
  • the control instructions at the internet site scan all the possible locations to determine the exact locations of the implants in the specific writeable medium that is placed in the computer. Once all the locations have been determined, they are included in a set of operating instructions that are downloaded from the internet site to the hard disc of the computer along with the information at the site.
  • This embodiment has at least two advantages. Firstly, the information can be downloaded to a range of different media, instead of only to a single medium that is suitable to a particular internet site.
  • control instructions need not be the same for the information downloaded from an internet site, but can vary depending on the medium on which the information is to be recorded. It is to be noted that in principle, the number of possible locations of the optical implants need not be limited and the control instructions on at the internet site can cause a search to be carried out on the entire data track of the medium before allowing the information from the site to be either downloaded or copied on the medium.
  • the above methods can be used as a means of payment. Royalties or other payments that should be paid to the owner of the information on the internet site can be included in the price of the media and paid directly to the site owner by the manufacturer of the media, thereby ensuring that the owner of the original material is compensated when it is downloaded from the site.
  • the locations at which the implants are placed on the media and the number of implants and the algorithms can be varied such that a specific medium can be used only to download information that has a particular price or from a particular site or group of sites.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un support optique contenant des informations lisibles optiquement par un faisceau lumineux et/ou sur lequel on peut graver des informations à l'aide d'un faisceau lumineux. Ledit support comprend un ou des implants optiques consistant en une couche mince de matériau chalcogène faite d'un alliage de sélénium associé à de faibles quantités de différents éléments, disposée sur ou dans le support. Le faisceau de lecture provoque des modifications contrôlables et réversible dans la transmission du faisceau lumineux à travers le matériau des implants optiques. Lesdites modifications empêchent, modifient ou influencent la lecture d'une partie de l'information enregistrée en un emplacement particulier du support.
PCT/IL2005/000658 2004-06-21 2005-06-20 Implants optiques empechant la duplication de supports originaux WO2005124759A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL16265704A IL162657A0 (en) 2003-12-22 2004-06-21 Optical medium and method for preventing unauthoriMethod and apparatus for reducing soft errors sed replication and use
IL162657 2004-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005124759A1 true WO2005124759A1 (fr) 2005-12-29

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WO (1) WO2005124759A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1028421A2 (fr) * 1999-02-12 2000-08-16 Sony Corporation Disque optique multi-couche
US20030014524A1 (en) * 2001-07-11 2003-01-16 Alexander Tormasov Balancing shared servers in virtual environments
WO2003049105A1 (fr) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Appareil et procedes pour detecter l'importation d'un contenu illicite dans un domaine securise
US6589626B2 (en) * 2000-06-30 2003-07-08 Verification Technologies, Inc. Copy-protected optical media and method of manufacture thereof
WO2004044911A2 (fr) * 2002-11-11 2004-05-27 D.M.S. Dynamic Media Solutions Ltd. Procede et dispositif pour empecher l'utilisation d'un support optique non original

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1028421A2 (fr) * 1999-02-12 2000-08-16 Sony Corporation Disque optique multi-couche
US6589626B2 (en) * 2000-06-30 2003-07-08 Verification Technologies, Inc. Copy-protected optical media and method of manufacture thereof
US20030014524A1 (en) * 2001-07-11 2003-01-16 Alexander Tormasov Balancing shared servers in virtual environments
WO2003049105A1 (fr) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Appareil et procedes pour detecter l'importation d'un contenu illicite dans un domaine securise
WO2004044911A2 (fr) * 2002-11-11 2004-05-27 D.M.S. Dynamic Media Solutions Ltd. Procede et dispositif pour empecher l'utilisation d'un support optique non original

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