WO2005115605A1 - 多管式反応器の保全方法 - Google Patents
多管式反応器の保全方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005115605A1 WO2005115605A1 PCT/JP2004/016173 JP2004016173W WO2005115605A1 WO 2005115605 A1 WO2005115605 A1 WO 2005115605A1 JP 2004016173 W JP2004016173 W JP 2004016173W WO 2005115605 A1 WO2005115605 A1 WO 2005115605A1
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- differential pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/33—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties
- C07C45/34—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds
- C07C45/35—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds in propene or isobutene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/25—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C51/252—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring of propene, butenes, acrolein or methacrolein
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00539—Pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00654—Controlling the process by measures relating to the particulate material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00734—Controlling static charge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
- B01J2208/00946—Features relating to the reactants or products
- B01J2208/00955—Sampling of the particulate material, the reactants or the products
- B01J2208/00982—Particulate material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/02—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles
- B01J2208/021—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor with stationary particles comprising a plurality of beds with flow of reactants in parallel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00193—Sensing a parameter
- B01J2219/00195—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system
- B01J2219/002—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system inside the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00211—Control algorithm comparing a sensed parameter with a pre-set value
- B01J2219/00213—Fixed parameter value
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00222—Control algorithm taking actions
- B01J2219/00225—Control algorithm taking actions stopping the system or generating an alarm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00222—Control algorithm taking actions
- B01J2219/00227—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions
- B01J2219/0024—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions other than of the reactor or heat exchange system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00245—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
- B01J2219/00268—Detecting faulty operations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for maintaining a multitubular reactor including a large number of reaction tubes filled with a catalyst, which is used when performing a gas phase contact reaction while supplying a reaction raw material gas. Select a part of the reaction tubes in the vessel and clarify the differential pressure of each reaction tube
- the present invention relates to a method for maintaining a multitubular reactor by performing a predetermined process.
- propane, propylene, or isobutylene is oxidized using a molecular oxygen or molecular oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a composite oxidation catalyst
- a typical example is a gas phase catalytic oxidation reaction for producing acrolein or (meth) acrylic acid.
- the multitubular reactor used for the reaction of propylene or the like contains thousands to tens of thousands of reaction tubes, and it is preferable that the differential pressure applied to each reaction tube during the reaction is as uniform as possible. If there is a difference in the pressure difference between the reaction tubes, the amount of gas flowing to each reaction tube will change, and the reaction situation will change for each reaction tube even in the same reactor.
- the reaction temperature in the reactor is determined based on the average value of the reaction conditions in all the reaction tubes. For example, in a pre-stage reactor for the purpose of propylene oxidation, the conversion of propylene is usually determined for each reaction tube. Therefore, the temperature of the heating medium used is determined based on the average value of propylene conversion in all the reaction tubes. Thus, not all reaction tubes are operated under optimal conditions.
- reaction state differs for each individual reaction tube, the following problems will occur. It is important for the stable operation of a multitubular reactor to make the reaction state of each reaction tube in the reactor uniform, that is, to make the differential pressure uniform.
- reaction tubes that exhibit abnormal pressure differentials such as caulking
- reaction tubes that exhibit abnormal pressure differentials are scattered in multi-tube reactors containing thousands to tens of thousands of reaction tubes as described above. There is no tendency in a place that cannot be explained by the flow of the reactant gas or the flow of the heating medium.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and when performing a gas phase contact reaction by filling a reaction tube of a multitubular reactor with a catalyst, the differential pressure of each reaction tube is made as uniform as possible.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for maintaining a multitubular reactor so that the reaction proceeds at an optimum temperature in almost all reaction tubes.
- the present inventors have made intensive studies based on the above facts to solve these problems, and as a result, at least one of the reaction tubes in the multitubular reactor in which the gas phase contact reaction was performed. 20% was selected, and the differential pressure generated when gas was flowed into each reaction tube was measured, and the differential pressure when flowing the same gas at the same flow rate into the reaction tube before gas phase contact reaction was measured.
- the gas-phase catalytic reaction is performed by separating the reaction tubes exhibiting an abnormal pressure difference from the average value (average initial pressure difference) and performing a predetermined treatment, for example, replacing the catalyst, on the separated reaction tubes. Has been found to proceed appropriately, and the present invention has been completed.
- the above-described object of the present invention is achieved by providing a maintenance method having the following configuration.
- a method for maintaining a multitubular reactor is a method for maintaining a multitubular reactor.
- the total number of selected reaction tubes is the total number of reaction tubes.
- gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction is a gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction of propane, propylene or isobutylene.
- the multitubular reactor according to the present invention generally includes thousands to tens of thousands of reaction tubes, and furthermore, a reaction tube exhibiting an abnormal pressure difference such as causing coking (hereinafter, referred to as a reaction tube).
- Abnormal reaction tubes are scattered in the multitubular reactor, and exist without any tendency in places that cannot be explained by the flow of the reaction gas or the flow of the heat medium in the reactor.
- the present invention has been made in order to eliminate such an increase in cost. Specifically, first, at least 20% of all the reaction tubes in the multitubular reactor have the reaction tubes. Selected from the container. The selection of this reaction tube depends on the whole multi-tube reactor. It is better to be done randomly. A gas of a predetermined flow rate such as the flow rate actually used in the gas phase contact reaction using the multitubular reactor, for example, 150 ONL / hr, is passed through each of the selected reaction tubes to each reaction tube. Is measured, and the value is compared with the average value of the differential pressure (average initial differential pressure) generated when the same flow rate of gas flows through each of the skin tubes filled with a predetermined number of predetermined catalysts. To separate abnormal reaction tubes.
- a predetermined flow rate such as the flow rate actually used in the gas phase contact reaction using the multitubular reactor, for example, 150 ONL / hr
- reaction tubes for measuring the initial differential pressure is not necessarily limited, it is preferable to use, for example, 10 or more unused reaction tubes.
- the average initial differential pressure is desirably measured in advance, and the average initial differential pressure value of all unused reaction tubes before the start of use of the multitubular reactor for maintenance can be used.
- the selected reaction tubes those with an abnormal pressure difference, for example, 1.5 times or more of the average initial pressure difference, 2 times or more depending on the situation, and sometimes 3 times or more, are separated and processed.
- the number of such abnormal reaction tubes is 5% or more of the selected reaction tubes, there is a high possibility that there are abnormal reaction tubes other than the selected reaction tubes. It is preferable that these reaction tubes are selected so that these reaction tubes account for at least 80% of the total reaction tubes.
- the differential pressure is measured in the same manner for all of them, and the reaction tubes that show abnormal differential pressure are similarly sorted.
- the method for measuring the differential pressure is not particularly limited.
- a method in which a gas having a constant flow rate is passed through a reaction tube with a mass flow meter and the pressure at that time is measured can be mentioned.
- the gas flowing into the reaction tube is not particularly limited, but is preferably air for safety reasons, and its flow rate is preferably a flow rate at the time of actual steady state of the reaction.
- the reaction tubes separated in this way are subjected to predetermined treatment.
- predetermined treatment to be performed on the reaction tube replacement of the catalyst in the abnormal reaction tube or closing of the abnormal reaction tube is preferable.
- the above exchange of the catalyst can be performed by a method usually used when renewing the catalyst in the reaction tube.
- Extraction of the catalyst from the abnormal reaction tube can be performed by a conventional method.
- those with a small degree of caulking, etc. need to hold down the catalyst at the bottom of the reaction tube. It can be extracted relatively easily by removing it, but as the degree of coking etc. increases, ultrasonic vibration or other vibrations are given to the reaction tube, and if necessary, it can be extracted with ordinary equipment It is extracted by doing.
- the method of filling the reaction tube with the catalyst is not particularly limited, either, and can be performed according to a general-purpose method.
- the reaction tube usually has a catalyst holder at the bottom, and the catalyst is filled from the top of the reaction tube.
- oxidation catalysts used for gas phase catalytic oxidation reactions and the like include, as described later,
- a molybdenum Z-bismuth-based composite oxide catalyst or other powdery catalyst molded by extrusion or tablet molding is preferably used, but the molded catalyst is relatively brittle to external force. However, it collapses due to the impact at the time of filling and becomes powdery and inexpensive. When the amount of the disintegrated catalyst increases, a problem arises in that the pressure difference in the reaction tube increases.
- Methods to suppress catalyst collapse and powdering during catalyst loading include:
- the filling of the catalyst in the present invention can be performed by any of these methods or by appropriately combining them.
- Closing the abnormal reaction tube (bragging) is a process of plugging the abnormal reaction tube so that the reaction raw material gas does not flow. An abnormal reaction can be prevented, and a decrease in the selectivity of the main reaction can be prevented.
- the method for closing the reaction tube is not particularly limited. For example, there are methods such as filling with a substance that does not participate in the reaction, closing with a heat-resistant putty, closing a gap with a putty by driving a wedge. However, if the gas flow does not stop completely, it is preferable to adopt the following closing method to prevent the raw material gas from passing unreacted. For example, a layer of glass wool is formed on the catalyst layer of the separated abnormal reaction tube, a layer of fine particles is formed thereon, a layer of glass wool is further formed thereon, and finally, a layer of glass wool is formed. There can be mentioned a method of sealing the opening with a metal lid.
- the thickness of the first glass wool layer on the catalyst layer is usually about 3 Omm, and the layer of fine particles
- the thickness of the second glass wool layer above is typically about 2 Omm.
- the fine particles are preferably used by pulverizing the same catalyst as the catalyst packed in the reaction tube, and the thickness of the fine particle layer varies depending on the particle diameter.
- the layer thickness is 12 O mm or more, and when the particle diameter is 106 to 500 ⁇ , the layer thickness is 21 O mm or more, and the particle diameter is 500 to: L 0
- the thickness of the layer is preferably 76 O mm or more.
- the amount of closed reaction tubes should not exceed 30% of the total number of reaction tubes in the multitubular reactor, and should not exceed 20%, since this would accelerate the deterioration of the catalyst. It is preferably performed.
- the treatment of the abnormal reaction tube can be performed by appropriately combining the exchange of the catalyst in the reaction tube and the closing of the reaction tube.
- a typical gas-phase catalytic reaction carried out by using the multitubular reactor according to the present invention is a (meth) acq by a gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction of propane, propylene or isobutylene.
- the production of mouth lain and (meth) acrylic acid will be described.
- this reaction is mainly performed by oxidizing propane, propylene or isobutylene in the presence of a molybdenum-bismuth-based composite oxide catalyst, which is an oxidation catalyst, to produce mainly (meth) acrolein.
- acrolein is oxidized in the presence of a molybdenum Z-vanadium-based composite oxide catalyst to produce (meth) acrylic acid.
- Typical methods of industrialized gas-phase catalytic oxidation reactions include a one-pass method, an unreacted propylene (or isobutylene) recycling method, and a combustion waste gas recycling method.
- propylene (or isobutylene), air and steam are mixed and supplied from the reaction raw material gas inlet of each reaction tube of the multitubular reactor for the first-stage reaction in the first-stage reaction. It is converted to acrolein and (meth) acrylic acid, and the outlet gas is supplied to the reaction tube of the multitubular reactor for the subsequent reaction without separation from the product, and (meth) acrolein is oxidized to (meth) acrylic acid. How to At this time, it is also common to add air and steam necessary for the reaction in the latter reaction to the gas in the former reaction and supply the gas to the latter reaction.
- the reaction product gas containing (meth) atalylic acid obtained at the outlet of the subsequent reaction is led to a (meth) atalylic acid collecting device, and (meth) acrylic acid is converted into an aqueous solution.
- a part of the waste gas containing unreacted propylene (or isobutylene) from the collector is collected and supplying a part of the waste gas containing unreacted propylene (or isobutylene) from the collector to the reaction material gas inlet of the first-stage reaction. This is a method of resuming
- the reaction product gas containing (meth) acrylic acid obtained at the outlet of the latter-stage reactor is led to a (meth) atalylic acid collecting device, and the (meth) atalylic acid is collected as an aqueous solution.
- the entire amount of waste gas from the trapping device is catalytically oxidized by burning, and the contained unreacted propylene and the like are mainly converted into carbon dioxide and water. It is a method of supplying to the entrance.
- the catalyst used in the pre-stage reaction of this gas phase catalytic oxidation reaction includes the following composition formula (1) An oxidation catalyst represented by
- Mo, W, is Bi s Fe and 0 represents an element each symbol means; A at least one element selected from cobalt and nickel; D is Natoriumu force Liu arm, Norebijiumu, cesium ⁇ At least one element selected from petalium; E is at least one element selected from alkaline earth metals; G is phosphorus, tellurium, antimony, tin, cerium, lead, niobium, manganese, arsenic, boron and zinc J represents at least one element selected from silicon, anorenium, titanium and zirconium; a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i and x are Represents the atomic ratio of each element; when a is 12, b is 0 to 10, c is 0 to 10 (preferably 0.1 to 10), and d is 0 to 10 (preferably 0.1 to 10) , E is 0-15, ⁇ is 0-10 (preferably 0.001 to 10), g is 0 to:
- Examples of the catalyst used in the latter stage of the gas phase catalytic oxidation reaction include an oxidation catalyst represented by the following composition formula (2).
- Mo, V, W, Cu and 0 represent the elements represented by the respective symbols;
- Q is at least one element selected from magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium;
- Z is titanium, dinoreconium, cesium, Represents at least one element selected from chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, niobium, tin, antimony, lead and bismuth;
- a, b, c, d, e, f and x are the respective elements When a is 12, b is 0 to 14, c is 0 to 12, d is 0 to 6, e is 0 to 3, ⁇ is 0 to 3, and
- X is the oxidation of each element. It is a numerical value determined by the state.
- These catalysts can be prepared, for example, by the method described in JP-A-63-54942.
- the catalyst in the present invention may be a molded catalyst molded by an extrusion molding method or a tablet molding method, and a composite oxide composed of a catalyst component may be converted into an inert gas such as silicon carbide, alumina, zirconium oxide, or titanium oxide.
- a supported catalyst supported on a suitable carrier may be used.
- the shape is also not particularly limited, and may be spherical, cylindrical, ring-shaped, star-shaped, amorphous, or the like, but the ring-shaped catalyst is particularly effective in preventing heat storage at the hot spot. Is preferred.
- the catalyst in the present invention may be a single catalyst or a catalyst diluted with an inert substance.
- the inert substance include, for example, (meth) acrolein and (meth) acrylic acid, which are stable under reaction conditions for producing reaction products, such as raw materials such as olefins, and products such as unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated fatty acids. Any material may be used as long as the material does not react with the catalyst, and specifically, a material used for supporting a catalyst such as alumina, silicon carbide, silica, titanium oxide and the like is preferable.
- the shape is not limited as well as the shape of the catalyst, and may be any of a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a ring shape, a small piece shape, a net shape, an irregular shape, and the like.
- the inert substance is used to adjust the activity of the entire catalyst in the catalyst packed bed and to prevent abnormal heat generation during the exothermic reaction.
- the amount of inert material used is appropriately determined depending on the desired catalyst activity.For example, the catalyst packed bed of the reaction tube is divided, and the reaction activity is reduced near the gas inlet of the reaction raw material by reducing the catalyst activity. It is preferable to increase the amount of the inert substance used in order to suppress the reaction, and to reduce the amount of the inert substance used in the vicinity of the reaction gas outlet in order to increase the catalytic activity and promote the reaction.
- the multitubular reactor is generally used industrially and is not particularly limited.
- the time at which the maintenance of the reactor is performed is not necessarily limited, and may be performed at the time of regular periodic repairs. Further, during continuous operation, the operation may be performed when the gauge pressure of the raw material gas supply is increased by a predetermined ratio with respect to the initial value of the operation.
- the interval at which the maintenance including the maintenance of the present invention is performed differs depending on the apparatus condition and the operating state, but is generally selected, for example, every 1000 hours or every 800 hours.
- the predetermined increase rate of the gauge pressure when the above-mentioned interval is determined by the increase of the gauge pressure also varies depending on the apparatus condition and the operating state, but is generally, for example, a point of time 1.1 times the increase at the start of the operation. Examples>
- X is a value determined by the oxidation state of each element.
- a stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 25.4 mm and a length of 3.5 m with a catalyst retainer at the bottom mixed with a silica ball of 5 mm in diameter that does not have catalytic activity to the above catalyst to adjust the catalytic activity Then, fill the reactor with 350 mL, 340 mL, and '79 OmL each so that the catalyst activity ratio becomes 0.5, 0.7, and 1 in order from the reaction material gas inlet of the reaction tube.
- a catalyst layer was formed.
- the shell-and-tube reactor used was a reactor shell (450 Omm inside diameter) that could accommodate 10,000 of the above reaction tubes.
- the reaction tubes are fixed by tube sheets installed at the top and bottom of the reactor shell, and It is installed in the reactor shell with the raw material gas inlet facing upward.
- a hole is drilled in the center between the upper and lower two tube sheets, and a disc baffle with no reaction tube fixed in the hole, and a smaller diameter than the reactor shell.
- disk baffles such as a disk baffle that creates a gap between the outer circumference and the inner wall of the reactor shell, each of which is fixed to the reaction tube. They flow and agitate while meandering in the hole between the baffle and the gap between the outer circumference and the inner wall (the opening of the disk baffle).
- the raw material gas is introduced from the raw material supply port at the top of the reactor and flows through the catalyst layers of a number of reaction tubes, where the gas phase catalytic oxidation reaction causes the reaction products to be disturbed from the bottom of the reaction tube to the bottom. It collects at the bottom of the reactor, which is separated by plates, and is extracted from the product outlet at the bottom of the reactor.
- the heat medium is introduced from the heat medium inlet provided in the side wall of the reactor shell slightly above the lower tube sheet, rises in the reaction tube group while meandering by the baffle plate, and is discharged from the heat medium outlet. After the temperature is partially adjusted by the heat exchanger, it is returned to the heat medium inlet again.
- thermocouple For the thermocouple for temperature measurement, insert a thermocouple having 10 measurement points in the axial direction between them at the center of five reaction tubes at typical positions in the radial direction of the reactor. One point measurement was installed near the entrance and exit.
- the average flow rate of the raw material gas flowing through each reaction tube is determined by dividing the flow rate of the raw material gas supplied to the multitubular reactor under the standard reaction conditions by the number of reaction tubes. Flow through the sample reaction tube and measure the differential pressure.
- the average initial differential pressure was obtained by averaging the differential pressure applied to each reaction tube measured according to the above method for 10 reaction tubes having the same bed height after the catalyst was filled. Note for the raw material gas flow rate at standard reaction conditions in the following examples is 1 2 3 0 ON m 3 / hr, the average flow rate of the source gas flowing through the reaction tube is 1 2 3 ONL / hr H, each The average initial differential pressure applied to the reaction tube was 19 kPa.
- the oxidation reaction of propylene was performed using the above-mentioned multitubular reactor.
- Source gas flop propylene concentration of 9 mol 0/0, the oxygen 1 5 mole 0 /. , Steam 9 mol 0 /.
- the gas was supplied at a gauge pressure of 75 kPa (kPaG) at a supply of 12,300 Nm 3 / hr.
- Nitrate mixture molten salt (niter) was used as the heat medium, and the heat medium inlet temperature was set to 335 ° C.
- the maximum peak temperature of the catalyst layer was 395 ° C.
- the conversion rate of propylene and the yields of acrolein and acrylic acid after the initial reaction in the second continuous operation and after the continuous operation for 8000 hours were as follows.
- reaction tubes were selected in the same manner, and the differential pressure of each was measured.
- 130 pipes with a differential pressure of at least twice the average initial differential pressure 200 pipes with a differential pressure of 1.5 to 2 times, and 2170 pipes with a normal range of less than 1.5 times.
- a total of 130 tubes (5.2% of the selected reaction tubes) with a differential pressure of at least twice the average initial differential pressure were separated, and the number of the separated reaction tubes was 5% or more. Therefore, another 6,000 reaction tubes were selected from the reactor, and the differential pressure was measured in the same manner.
- 330 tubes with a differential pressure of at least twice the average initial differential pressure 500 tubes with a differential pressure of 1.5 to 2 times, and a normal range of less than 1.5 times The number was 5 170.
- a total of 330 tubes (5.5% of the selected reaction tubes) with a differential pressure of at least twice the average initial differential pressure are sorted out of these reaction tubes, and are combined with the reaction tubes that were initially separated.
- 460 catalysts (about 5.4% of the selected reaction tubes) were extracted and charged with unused catalyst.
- reaction tubes were selected in the same manner, and the differential pressure of each reaction tube was measured.
- 100 tubes with a differential pressure of at least twice the average initial differential pressure 150 tubes with a differential pressure of 1.5 times or more and less than 2 times
- 2250 tubes with a normal range of less than 1.5 times the differential pressure As shown in the above results, excellent operation results can be maintained by operating the multitubular reactor continuously for 8000 hours and then replacing only those reactors that exhibit abnormal differential pressure with unused reactors. .
- the propylene oxidation reaction was performed continuously for 8000 hours using a multitubular reactor, the operation was stopped, and similarly, 2500 reactor tubes were selected and the differential pressure of each was measured. .
- the number of differential pressures was 105 with a pressure difference of 2 times or more of the average initial differential pressure, 1,500 with a pressure of 1.5 to less than 2 times, and 2,245 with a normal range of less than 1.5 times.
- 105 tubes differential pressure of more than twice the average initial differential pressure
- the propylene oxidation reaction was continuously performed under the same conditions and for the same time as described above.
- the maximum peak temperature of the catalyst layer was 391 ° C.
- the conversion of propylene and the yields of acrolein and acrylic acid at the time of the initial reaction in the second continuous operation and after the continuous operation for 8000 hours were as follows.
- Example 2 after the end of the second continuous operation, 2500 reaction tubes (25% of all reaction tubes) other than the reaction tube closed from the multitubular reactor were randomly selected, Hereinafter, the respective differential pressures were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result of the measurement, those with a differential pressure of 2 times or more of the average initial differential pressure 140 pieces, those of 1.5 times or more and less than 2 times 200 pieces, those of a normal range of less than 1.5 times 2 1 There were 60. Among these reaction tubes, 140 tubes (5.6% of the selected reaction tubes) whose differential pressure was more than twice the average initial differential pressure were separated, and the number of the separated reaction tubes was 5%. As described above, another 600,000 reaction tubes were taken out of the reactor, and the differential pressure was measured in the same manner.
- the differential pressure is more than twice the average initial differential pressure, it is 330 tubes, 1.5 times or more and less than 2 times 500 tubes, and less than 1.5 times The number was 510 in the normal range.
- a total of 330 tubes (5.5% of the selected reaction tubes) with a differential pressure of at least twice the average initial differential pressure among these reaction tubes were separated and combined with the reaction tubes that were initially separated.
- a total of 470 tubes (about 5.5% of the selected reaction tubes) were closed (plugged). By closing the reaction tubes, the total number of the closed reaction tubes was 575 (about 5.8% of the total reaction tubes).
- the propylene oxidation reaction was continuously performed under the same conditions as above and for the same period of time.
- the maximum peak temperature of the catalyst layer was 380 ° C.
- the conversion rates of propylene and the yields of acrylate and acrylic acid at the time of the initial reaction in the third continuous operation and after continuous operation for 800 hours were as follows.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, the propylene oxidation reaction was continuously performed for 8000 hours using a multitubular reactor, and then the operation was stopped. Similarly, 2500 reaction tubes were selected and the differential pressure of each was measured. . As a result of the measurement, there were 7 pipes with a differential pressure of 2 times or more of the average initial differential pressure, 1 pipe with 1.5 or more times and less than 2 times, and 248 1 pipe with a normal range of less than 1.5 times. . Among these reaction tubes, 7 tubes (differential pressure of more than twice the average initial pressure difference) (about 0.3% of the selected reaction tubes) were separated, the catalyst was extracted, and unused catalyst was filled. A second 8000-hour continuous operation was performed.
- the operation was stopped again, and 2,500 reaction tubes were selected in the same manner, and the differential pressure of each was measured.
- the differential pressure was 2 times or more of the average initial differential pressure 1 55 lines, 1.5 times or more but less than 2 times 200 lines, and the normal range of 1.5 times or less 2 145 lines.
- those with a pressure difference of more than twice the average initial pressure difference were a total of 155 tubes (6.2% of the selected reaction tubes), 5% or more of the selected reaction tubes. Omitting to remove the reaction tube from the reactor and measuring the differential pressure was omitted, and only the 55 reaction tubes having a pressure difference of 2 times or more were separated, and the catalyst was extracted. Filled.
- the propylene oxidation reaction was carried out continuously under the same conditions as above and for the same time.
- the maximum peak temperature of the catalyst layer was 383 ° C.
- the conversion of propylene and the yields of acrolein and acrylic acid at the time of the initial reaction in the third continuous operation and after the continuous operation for 8000 hours were as follows.
- the propylene oxidation reaction was continuously performed for 800 hours using a multitubular reactor, and then the operation was stopped.
- the differential pressure is more than twice the average initial differential pressure 100 pieces, 1.5 times or more and less than 2 times 1.5 5 pieces, the normal range of less than 1.5 times 2 2 4 There were zero. All the reaction tubes were returned to the multitubular reactor, including those having a pressure difference of at least twice the average initial pressure difference.
- the propylene oxidation reaction was continuously performed under the same conditions as above and for the same time.
- the highest peak temperature of the catalyst layer was 389 ° C.
- the conversion of propylene and the yields of acrolein and acrylic acid at the time of the initial reaction in the second continuous operation and after the continuous operation for 800 hours were as follows.
- Example 1 instead of setting the point at which continuous operation was stopped to check the differential pressure of the reaction tube to 8000 hours of continuous operation, the gauge pressure for supplying the source gas was 1.1 times the initial value.
- the propylene oxidation reaction was carried out in substantially the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was doubled.
- reaction tubes were selected in the same manner as in Example 1, and the differential pressure of each reaction tube was measured.
- 100 tubes with a differential pressure of 2 times or more of the average initial differential pressure 150 tubes with a pressure of 1.5 times or more and less than 2 times, and 2250 tubes with a normal range of less than 1.5 times.
- a total of 100 reactors (4.0% of the selected reactors) with a differential pressure of at least twice the average initial differential pressure were separated from these reaction tubes, the catalyst was extracted, and unused catalyst was filled. .
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/597,939 US7549341B2 (en) | 2004-05-31 | 2004-10-25 | Method of maintaining a multitubular reactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004161314A JP4543756B2 (ja) | 2004-05-31 | 2004-05-31 | 多管式反応器の保全方法 |
| JP2004-161314 | 2004-05-31 |
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| WO2005115605A1 true WO2005115605A1 (ja) | 2005-12-08 |
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| PCT/JP2004/016173 Ceased WO2005115605A1 (ja) | 2004-05-31 | 2004-10-25 | 多管式反応器の保全方法 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US7549341B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4543756B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100434156C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005115605A1 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023145367A (ja) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-11 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 反応管の差圧測定方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4899972B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-27 | 2012-03-21 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 不良充填反応管の特定方法 |
| CN111434381A (zh) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-21 | 上海华谊新材料有限公司 | 用于生产丙烯醛和/或丙烯酸的催化剂及其制造方法 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06296854A (ja) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Hitachi Ltd | 反応器およびその製造方法 |
| JP2000185227A (ja) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-07-04 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 高圧固定床反応器 |
| JP2003206244A (ja) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-22 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 気相接触酸化方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS621736U (ja) * | 1985-06-21 | 1987-01-08 | ||
| JPH0531351A (ja) | 1991-07-29 | 1993-02-09 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 触媒の充填方法 |
| JP2852712B2 (ja) | 1991-08-21 | 1999-02-03 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | アクロレイン及びアクリル酸合成用触媒及びその製造法 |
| JP3272925B2 (ja) | 1995-11-27 | 2002-04-08 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 固体触媒の充填方法 |
| JPH10277381A (ja) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-10-20 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 固体触媒の充填方法 |
| JP3722621B2 (ja) | 1998-05-29 | 2005-11-30 | 住友化学株式会社 | 触媒充填機 |
| US6694802B1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2004-02-24 | Mathis P. Comardo | Delta P testing system for tube and shell type catalytic reactors |
| JP2003340267A (ja) * | 2002-05-30 | 2003-12-02 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 触媒の充填方法および多管式熱交換型反応器 |
| DE10361003B3 (de) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-28 | Hte Ag The High Throughput Experimentation Company | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Druck- und Flusskontrolle in Parallelreaktoren |
| US6981422B1 (en) * | 2004-10-14 | 2006-01-03 | Comardo Mathis P | Method and apparatus for differential pressure testing of catalytic reactor tubes |
-
2004
- 2004-05-31 JP JP2004161314A patent/JP4543756B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-25 CN CNB2004800005620A patent/CN100434156C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-25 US US11/597,939 patent/US7549341B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-25 WO PCT/JP2004/016173 patent/WO2005115605A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06296854A (ja) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Hitachi Ltd | 反応器およびその製造方法 |
| JP2000185227A (ja) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-07-04 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 高圧固定床反応器 |
| JP2003206244A (ja) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-22 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 気相接触酸化方法 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023145367A (ja) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-11 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 反応管の差圧測定方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080271539A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
| JP4543756B2 (ja) | 2010-09-15 |
| JP2005334852A (ja) | 2005-12-08 |
| CN1802201A (zh) | 2006-07-12 |
| US7549341B2 (en) | 2009-06-23 |
| CN100434156C (zh) | 2008-11-19 |
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