WO2005108445A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von überwiegend aus vinylformamid aufgebauten polymeren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von überwiegend aus vinylformamid aufgebauten polymeren Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005108445A1 WO2005108445A1 PCT/EP2005/004339 EP2005004339W WO2005108445A1 WO 2005108445 A1 WO2005108445 A1 WO 2005108445A1 EP 2005004339 W EP2005004339 W EP 2005004339W WO 2005108445 A1 WO2005108445 A1 WO 2005108445A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/817—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
- A61K8/8182—Copolymers of vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F226/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
- C08F226/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a single or double bond to nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F226/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
- C08F226/06—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polymers composed predominantly of vinylformamide, and to the use of the polymers produced by this process.
- WO 99/25745 describes a process for reducing the N-vinylformamide monomer content in corresponding polymers, a so-called scavenger from the group of the oxidizing agents, reducing agents, Grignard reagents, alkali metal cyanides and ammonia derivatives being added to the polymer before the hydrolysis.
- EP 870782 A2 describes polymers with a reduced residual monomer content, which are obtained by a certain combination of a detergent / diluent (diluent), such as ethyl acetate and acetone, with an initiator.
- a detergent / diluent such as ethyl acetate and acetone
- EP 1031585 describes copolymers of vinylformamide with a low residual monomer content, obtainable by a process by lowering the pH by 2 to 5 units between the start and end of the polymerization.
- WO 2001002450 describes the production of a polymer by using vinylformamide as a comonomer. Subsequent treatment of the polymer with hydrogen peroxide lowers the residual monomer content.
- the object was therefore to provide a process for the radical polymerization of polymers composed predominantly of vinylformamide, which process provides polymers with a significantly lower vinylformamide residual monomer content compared to the polymers prepared by known processes.
- the process according to the invention is suitable for the production of polymers from 49.9 to 99.9% by weight, preferably from 60 to 98% by weight, particularly preferably from 75 to 95% by weight, very particularly preferably from 80 to 90% by weight .-% N-vinylformamide.
- vinylformamide is used synonymously with N-vinylformamide or with the abbreviation VFA, unless expressly stated otherwise.
- Suitable monomers (b) are the N-vinylimidazole derivatives of the general formula (I), in which R 1 to R 3 are hydrogen, -CC 4 -alkyl or phenyl
- N, N-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates and methacrylates and N, N-dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamides and methacrylamides of the general formula (III),
- R 5 , R 6 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical
- R 7 represents an alkylene radical having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by alkyl radicals and R 8 , R 9 represents CC 2 4 alkyl radicals.
- Examples of compounds of the general formula (II) are diallylamines in which R 4 represents methyl, ethyl, iso- or n-propyl, iso-, n- or tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl or decyl , Examples of longer-chain radicals R 4 are undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, pentadecyl, octadecyl and icosayl. Examples of compounds of the general formula (III) are
- Preferred examples of monomers (b) are 3-methyl-1-vinylimidazolium chloride and methosulfate, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and N- [3- (dimethylamino) propyl] methacrylic amide, which are produced by methyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate or diethyl sulfate were quaternized.
- the monomers (b) can either be used in quaternized form as monomers or polymerized non-quaternized, in which case the polymer obtained is either quaternized or protonated.
- alkyl halides with 1 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, e.g. Methyl chloride, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, ethyl chloride, ethyl bromide, propyl chloride, hexyl chloride, dodecyl chloride, lauryl chloride and benzyl halides, especially benzyl chloride and benzyl bromide.
- Other suitable quaternizing agents are dialkyl sulfates, especially dimethyl sulfate or diethyl sulfate.
- the quaternization of the basic monomers of the general formulas (I) to (III) can also be carried out with alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide in the presence of acids.
- the quaternization of the monomer or a polymer with one of the quaternizing agents mentioned can be carried out by generally known methods.
- Preferred quaternizing agents are: methyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate or diethyl sulfate.
- the quaternization of the polymer can be carried out completely or only partially.
- the proportion of quaternized monomers (a) in the polymer can vary over a wide range and is, for example, about 20 to 100 mol%.
- mineral acids such as HCI, H 2 S0 4 , H 3 PO 4
- monocarboxylic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid
- dicarboxylic acids and polyfunctional carboxylic acids such as oxalic acid and citric acid
- all other proton donating compounds and substances in the Are able to protonate the corresponding vinylimidazole or diallylamine.
- Water-soluble acids are particularly suitable for protonation.
- Protonation is understood to mean that at least some of the protonatable groups of the polymer, preferably 20 to 100 mol%, are protonated, so that a total cationic charge of the polymer results.
- Suitable monomers (b) are CrC 40 alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid, the esters being derived from linear, branched-chain or carbocyclic alcohols, for example methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, or esters of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, eg dC ⁇ o-fatty alcohols, reacted with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide , in particular C 10 -C 18 fatty alcohols, reacted with 3 to 150 ethylene oxide.
- alkoxylated fatty alcohols eg dC ⁇ o-fatty alcohols
- N-alkyl-substituted acrylamides with linear, branched-chain or carbocyclic alkyl radicals such as N-tert.-butylacrylamide, N-butylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-tert.-octylacrylamide, are also suitable.
- styrene, vinyl and allyl esters of CC 4 o-carboxylic acids which can be linear, branched or carbocyclic, for example vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl neononanoate, vinyl neoundecanoic acid, t-butyl-benzoic acid vinyl ester, alkyl vinyl ether, for example methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether , Stearyl vinyl ether.
- Acrylamides such as N-tert-butylacrylamide, N-butylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-tert.-octylacrylamide and N-alkyl-substituted acrylamides with linear, branched-chain or carbocyclic alkyl radicals, the alkyl radical having the meanings given above for R 4 can.
- Suitable monomers (b) are in particular C 1 to C 24 -, very particularly C 1 to C 10 .
- Alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid for example methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate and acrylamides such as N-tert.- Butylacrylamide or N-tert-octylacrylamide.
- Particularly suitable monomers (b) are acrylamide, methacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylol methacrylamide, N-vinyloxazolidone, N-vinyltriazole, Hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylic! Ate, for example hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylates, or alkyl ethylene glycol (meth) acrylates with 1 to 50 ethylene glycol units in the molecule.
- Unsaturated carboxylic acids and unsaturated anhydrides e.g. Acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or their corresponding anhydrides as well as unsaturated sulfonic acids, e.g. Acrylamido methyl propane sulfonic acid, and the salts of the unsaturated acids, such as e.g. the alkali or ammonium salts.
- the monomer (b) is used in an amount of up to 50% by weight, preferably up to 30% by weight, particularly preferably up to 25% by weight, in the process according to the invention.
- the process is also particularly suitable for the production of polymers which, apart from vinylformamide and the monomer (c), have no further monomer units polymerized in them.
- Monomers (c) for the process according to the invention are 0.1-5% by weight, preferably 0.3-4% by weight, particularly preferably 1-3% by weight, of one or more monomers from the group N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinylcaprollactam, N-vinylpiperidone are suitable.
- N-vinylpyrrolidone is particularly suitable as monomer (c).
- the preparation of the polymers can be carried out according to the processes of free-radically initiated polymers known per se, e.g. by solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, precipitation polymerization, reverse suspension polymerization or reverse emulsion polymerization, without the methods which can be used being restricted thereto.
- a preferred polymerization process for the process according to the invention is solution polymerization or water-in-water polymerization (W W polymerization).
- the process according to the invention is advantageously carried out by polymerizing the monomers (a) and, if desired (b), together with a radical initiator, for example by a batch or feed process.
- a radical initiator for example by a batch or feed process.
- the monomer (s) is added.
- the weight percent refers to the total weight of the polymer.
- the present invention also encompasses processes in which further starting materials, such as, for example, regulators, emulsifiers, protective colloids and / or salt, are added to the reaction mixture.
- the water-soluble and water-insoluble peroxo and / or azo compounds customary for this purpose can be used as initiators for the radical polymerization, for example alkali metal or ammonium peroxydisulfates, dibenzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl perpivalate, tert-butyl per-2-ethylhexanoate, di- tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, azo-bis-isobutyronitrile, azo-bis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride 2,2'-Az, o-bis (2-methylbutyronitrile).
- alkali metal or ammonium peroxydisulfates dibenzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl perpivalate, tert-butyl per-2-ethylhexanoate, di- tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide
- Initiator mixtures or redox initiator systems such as e.g. Ascorbic acid / iron (II) sulfate / sodium peroxodisulfate, tert-butyl hydroperoxide / sodium disulfite, tert-butyl hydroperoxide / sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate.
- the initiators can be used in the customary amounts, for example 0.05 to 5% by weight, based on the amount of the monomers to be polymerized.
- the molecular weight and the K value of the polymers can be varied within a wide range in a manner known per se through the choice of polymerization conditions, for example polymerization duration, polymerization temperature or initiator concentration, and through the content of crosslinking agent and regulator.
- the polymerization can be carried out in the presence of a regulator (e). Connections with high transmission constants are referred to as regulators (polymerization regulators). Regulators accelerate chain transfer reactions and thus reduce the degree of polymerization of the resulting polymers without affecting the gross reaction rate.
- regulators one can differentiate between mono-, bi- or polyfunctional regulators depending on the number of functional groups in the molecule, which can lead to one or more chain transfer reactions.
- Suitable controllers are described in detail, for example, by KC Berger and G. Brandrup in J. Brandrup, EH Immergut, Polymer Handbook, 3rd ed., John Wiley &. Sons, New York, 1989, pp. 11/81 - 11/141.
- Suitable regulators are, for example, aldehydes such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde and isobutyraldehyde.
- regulators formic acid, its salts or esters, 2,5-diphenyl-1-hexene, ammonium formate, hydroxylammonium sulfate, and hydroxylammonium phosphate.
- halogen compounds such as alkyl halides, such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, bromotrichloromethane, bromoform, allyl bromide, and benzyl compounds, such as benzyl chloride or benzyl bromide.
- Suitable regulators are allyl compounds, e.g. Allyl alcohol, functional allyl ethers, such as allyl ethoxylates, alkyl allyl ethers, or glycerol monoallyl ethers.
- Compounds of this type are, for example, inorganic hydrogen sulfites, disulfites and dithionites or organic sulfides, disulfides, polysulfides, sulfoxides, sulfones.
- the following regulators are mentioned by way of example: di-n-butyl sulfide, di-n-octyl sulfide, diphenyl sulfide, thiodiglycol, ethylthioethanol, diisopropyl disulfide, di-n-butyl disulfide, di-n-hexyl disulfide, diacetyl disulfide, diethanol sulfide, di-t-butyl trisulfide Dimethyl sulfoxide, dialkyl sulfide, dialkyl disulfide and / or diaryl sulfide.
- thiols compounds which receive sulfur in the form of SH groups, also referred to as mercaptans.
- Mono-, bi- and polyfunctional mercaptans, mercapto alcohols and / or mercaptocarboxylic acids are preferred as regulators.
- Examples of these compounds are allyl thioglycolates, ethyl thioglycolate, cysteine, 2-mercaptoethanol, 1,3-mercaptopropanol, 3-mercaptopropan-1, 2-diol, 1,4-mercaptobutanol, mercaptoacetic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, mercapto-succinic acid, thio-acetic acid, thio-acetic acid , Thiourea and alkyl mercaptans such as n-butyl mercaptan, n-hexyl mercaptan or n-dodecyl mercaptan.
- thiols are cysteine, 2-mercaptoethanol, 1, 3-mercaptopropanol, 3-mercaptopropan-1,2-diol, thioglycerol, thiourea.
- bifunctional regulators which contain two sulfur in bound form are bifunctional thiols, such as, for example, dimercaptopropanesulfonic acid (sodium salt), dimercaptosuccinic acid, dimercapto-1-propanol, dimercaptoethane, dimercaptopropan, dimercaptobutane, dimercaptopentane, dimercaptohexane, ethylene glycol bis ethylene glycol and butanediol bis-thioglycolate.
- polyfunctional regulators are compounds which contain more than two sulfur in bound form. Examples of this are trifunctional and / or tetrafunctional mercaptans.
- Preferred trifunctional regulators are trifunctional mercaptans, e.g. Trimethylolpropane tris (2-mercaptoethanate, Trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate), Trimethylolpropane tris (4-mercaptobutanate), Trimethylolpropane tris (5-mercapto-pentanate), Trimethylolpropane tris (6-mercaptohexanate), Trimethylolpropane tris (2-mercaptohexanate) ,
- Glyceryl thioglycolate glyceryl thiopropionate, glyceryl thioethylate, glycerylthiobutanate.
- 1,1,1-propanetriyl tris (mercaptoacetate), 1,1,1-propanetriyl tris (mercaptoethanate), 1, 1, 1-propanetrjy! tris-r (mercaptoproprionate), 1, 1, 1-propanetriyl tris (mercaptobutanate).
- Trifunctional controllers are particularly preferred
- Glyceryl thioglycolate trimethylolpropane tris (2-mercaptoacetate, 2-hydroxmethyl-2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol tris (mercaptoacetate).
- Preferred tetrafunctional mercaptans are pentaerythritol tetraquis (2-mercaptoacetate)
- Pentaerythritol tetraquis (2-mercaptoethanate), pentaerythritol tetraquis (3-mer captopropionate), pentaerythritol tetraquis (4-mercaptobutanate), pentaerythritol tetraquis (5-mercaptopentanate), pentaerythritol tetraquisan (6-mercapto).
- Si compounds which are formed by reacting compounds of the formula (IVa) are suitable as further polyfunctional regulators.
- Si compounds of the formula (IVb) are also suitable as polyfunctional regulators. (Z— O) 3 . n - Si - R 2 - SH (IVa)
- n is a value from 0 to 2
- R 1 is a CrC ⁇ alkyl group or phenyl group
- R 2 is a CrC 18 alkyl group, the cyclohexyl or denotes phenyl group
- Z represents a CrC ⁇ 8 alkyl group, C 2 -C 18 alkylene group or C 2 -C 18 alkynyl group, the carbon atoms of which may be replaced by non-adjacent oxygen or halogen atoms, or one of the groups
- R 3 denotes a C 1 -C 12 alkyl group and R 4 denotes a C 1 -C 8 alkyl group.
- crosslinkers i.e. Compounds with at least 2 ethylenically unsaturated, non-conjugated double bonds in the molecule are added.
- Suitable crosslinkers are, for example, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, allyl ethers or vinyl ethers of at least dihydric alcohols.
- the OH groups of the underlying alcohols can be wholly or partially etherified or esterified; however, the crosslinkers contain at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups.
- Examples of the underlying alcohols are dihydric alcohols such as 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol , But-2-en-1,4-diol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,2-dodecanediol, 1 , 12-dodecanediol, neopentyl glycol, 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2,2 ) 4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, 1,2- Cyclohe
- Examples of underlying alcohols with more than two OH groups are trimethylolpropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, 1,2,5-pentanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, triethoxycyanuric acid, sorbitan, sugars such as sucrose, glucose, mannose.
- the polyhydric alcohols can also be used as the corresponding ethoxylates or propoxylates after reaction with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide.
- the polyhydric alcohols can also first be converted into the corresponding glycidyl ethers by reaction with epichlorohydrin.
- crosslinkers are the vinyl esters or the esters of monohydric, unsaturated alcohols with ethylenically unsaturated C 3 to C 6 carboxylic acids, for example acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid or fumaric acid.
- examples of such alcohols are allyl alcohol, 1-buten-3-ol, 5-hexen-1-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, 9-decen-1-ol, dicyclopentenyl alcohol. 10-undecen-1-ol, cinnamon alcohol, citronellol, crotyl alcohol or cis-9-octadecen-1-ol.
- the monohydric, unsaturated alcohols can also be esterified with polybasic carboxylic acids, for example malonic acid, tartaric acid, trimellitic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, citric acid or succinic acid.
- polybasic carboxylic acids for example malonic acid, tartaric acid, trimellitic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, citric acid or succinic acid.
- crosslinkers are esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids with the polyhydric alcohols described above, for example oleic acid, crotonic acid, cinnamic acid or 10-undecenoic acid.
- crosslinking agents are straight-chain or branched, linear or cyclic, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons which have at least two double bonds which must not be conjugated to aliphatic hydrocarbons, e.g. Divinylbenzene, divinyltoluene, 1, 7-octadiene, 1, 9-decadiene, 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene, trivinylcyclohexane or polybutadienes with molecular weights from 200 to 20,000.
- crosslinking agents are acrylic acid amides, methacrylic acid amides and N-allylamines of at least divalent amines.
- Such amines are, for example, 1,2-diaminomethane, 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1, 12-dodecanediamine, piperazine, diethylenetriamine or isophoronediamine.
- the amides of allylamine and unsaturated carboxylic acids are also suitable such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, or at least dibasic carboxylic acids as described above.
- Triallylamine and triallylmonoalkylammonium salts e.g. Triallylmethylammonium chloride or methyl sulfate, suitable as a crosslinking agent.
- N-vinyl compounds of urea derivatives at least divalent amides, cyanurates or urethanes, for example of urea, ethylene urea, propylene urea or tartaric acid diamide, e.g. N, N'-divinyl ethylene urea or N, N'-divinyl propylene urea.
- crosslinkers are divinyl dioxane, tetraallylsilane or tetravinylsilane.
- Both anionic, cationic and nonionic emulsifiers are suitable as emulsifiers.
- Anionic and nonionic emulsifiers are preferably used as surface-active substances.
- emulsifiers are, for example, ethoxylated fatty alcohols (EO grade: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C 8 - to C 36 ), ethoxylated mono-, di- and tri-alkylphenols (EO degree: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C 4 - to C 9 ), alkali metal salts of dialkyl esters of sulfosuccinic acid and alkali and ammonium salts of alkyl sulfates (alkyl radical: C 8 - to C 12 ), of ethoxylated alkanols (EO grade: 4 to 30, alkyl radical: C 12 - to C 18 ), of ethoxylated alkylphenols (EO grade: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C 4 - to C 9 ), of alkyl sulfonic acids (alkyl radical: C 12 - to C-
- emulsifiers can also be found in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Volume 14/1, Macromolecular Substances, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1961, pages 192 to 208.
- Trade names of emulsifiers are e.g. Dowfax® 2 A1, Emulan® NP 50, Dextrol® OC 50, Emulsifier 825, Emulsifier 825 S, Emulan® OG, Texapon® NSO, Nekanil® 904 S, Lumiten® l-RA, Lumiten E 3065 etc ,
- the surface-active substance is usually used in amounts of 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on all monomers to be polymerized.
- an acidic hydrolysis step is carried out after the polymerization.
- the polymer is adjusted to a pH between 4 and 6, preferably between 4.5 and 5.5, using suitable acids.
- Suitable acids for the acidic hydrolysis step are inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid and organic acids such as formic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid.
- the acidic hydrolysis is preferably carried out at temperatures in the range between 40 and 150 ° C., preferably between 50 and 120 ° C., particularly preferably between 60 and 90 ° C. Depending on the temperature, a period of 1 hour to 24 hours is required for the acid hydrolysis.
- the polymer can then be neutralized and isolated.
- the polymers predominantly composed of vinylformamide can also be converted into the corresponding polymers carrying amine units by subsequent alkaline hydrolysis (amide cleavage).
- amide cleavage if cationic or cationizable polymers are desired for certain applications, such a complete or partial hydrolysis step is recommended in which all or part of the formamide units are hydrolyzed to the amine.
- Alkali hydroxides in particular sodium hydroxide solution and potassium hydroxide solution, are suitable for such an alkaline hydrolysis step.
- the polymers produced by the process according to the invention can advantageously be used in the field of cosmetics, in particular hair cosmetics, and also for producing cellulose-containing products, in particular paper and cardboard.
- cosmetics in particular hair cosmetics
- cellulose-containing products in particular paper and cardboard.
- Pluriol E 1500 polyethylene glycol with average molecular weight 1500 g / mol (from BASF)
- WakoV-50 2,2'-azobis (2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride from Wako
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Abstract
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JP2007511926A JP2007536419A (ja) | 2004-05-04 | 2005-04-22 | 主にホルムアミドから構成されるポリマーの製造方法 |
EP05737094A EP1756183A1 (de) | 2004-05-04 | 2005-04-22 | Verfahren zur herstellung von überwiegend aus vinylformamid aufgebauten polymeren |
US11/547,799 US20070197767A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 | 2005-04-22 | Method for producing polymers that are predominantly formed from vinvyl formamide |
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DE102004022256.8 | 2004-05-04 | ||
DE102004022256A DE102004022256A1 (de) | 2004-05-04 | 2004-05-04 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von überwiegend aus Vinylformamid aufgebauten Polymeren |
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US20070149737A1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-28 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method of producing water-soluble nonturbid copolymers of at least one water-soluble n-vinyllactam and at least one hydrophobic comonomer |
US7572870B2 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2009-08-11 | Basf Se | Method of producing water-soluble nonturbid copolymers of at least one water-soluble N-vinyllactam and at least one hydrophobic comonomer |
US7847044B2 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2010-12-07 | Basf Se | Method of producing water-soluble nonturbid copolymers of at least one water-soluble N-vinyllactam and at least one hydrophobic comonomer by polymerization under increased pressure |
US7572871B2 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2009-08-11 | Basf Se | Method of producing water-soluble nonturbid copolymers of at least one water-soluble N-vinyllactam and at least one hydrophobic comonomer |
DE102007052412A1 (de) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-05 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserlöslichen trübungsfreien Copolymerisaten aus wenigstens einem wasserlöslichen N-Vinyllactam und wenigstens einem hydrophoben Comonomeren |
CN107250369B (zh) * | 2015-02-23 | 2021-11-26 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 加工含纤维素的生物质的方法 |
Citations (5)
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EP0071050A1 (de) * | 1981-07-18 | 1983-02-09 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Lineare, basische Polymerisate, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
US5478553A (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1995-12-26 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Hair fixative compositions containing polymeric N-vinyl formamide |
EP1031585A2 (de) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-08-30 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung wässriger Dispersionen von Copolymerisaten aus hydrophilen und hydrophoben Monomeren sowie daraus erhältliche Copolymerisate und deren Anwendungen |
EP1117701A1 (de) * | 1998-08-14 | 2001-07-25 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur eliminierung von formamid aus n-vinylformamideinheiten enthaltenden polymerisaten |
US20030008993A1 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-09 | Isp Investments Inc. | Process for making vinyl caprolactam-based polymers |
-
2004
- 2004-05-04 DE DE102004022256A patent/DE102004022256A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-04-22 EP EP05737094A patent/EP1756183A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-22 US US11/547,799 patent/US20070197767A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-22 CN CNB2005800141282A patent/CN100523026C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-22 WO PCT/EP2005/004339 patent/WO2005108445A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-04-22 JP JP2007511926A patent/JP2007536419A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0071050A1 (de) * | 1981-07-18 | 1983-02-09 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Lineare, basische Polymerisate, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
US5478553A (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1995-12-26 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Hair fixative compositions containing polymeric N-vinyl formamide |
EP1117701A1 (de) * | 1998-08-14 | 2001-07-25 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur eliminierung von formamid aus n-vinylformamideinheiten enthaltenden polymerisaten |
EP1031585A2 (de) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-08-30 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung wässriger Dispersionen von Copolymerisaten aus hydrophilen und hydrophoben Monomeren sowie daraus erhältliche Copolymerisate und deren Anwendungen |
US20030008993A1 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-09 | Isp Investments Inc. | Process for making vinyl caprolactam-based polymers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004022256A1 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
CN100523026C (zh) | 2009-08-05 |
US20070197767A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
CN1950407A (zh) | 2007-04-18 |
EP1756183A1 (de) | 2007-02-28 |
JP2007536419A (ja) | 2007-12-13 |
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