WO2005103161A1 - 芳香族炭化水素系樹脂を含有する高分子電解質組成物 - Google Patents
芳香族炭化水素系樹脂を含有する高分子電解質組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005103161A1 WO2005103161A1 PCT/JP2005/007633 JP2005007633W WO2005103161A1 WO 2005103161 A1 WO2005103161 A1 WO 2005103161A1 JP 2005007633 W JP2005007633 W JP 2005007633W WO 2005103161 A1 WO2005103161 A1 WO 2005103161A1
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- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
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- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
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- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
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- H01M8/0289—Means for holding the electrolyte
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- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2371/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08J2371/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08J2371/12—Polyphenylene oxides
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- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte composition and a membrane exchange membrane for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising the same.
- Fuel cells convert the chemical energy of fuel directly into electric energy by electrochemically oxidizing hydrogen, methanol, and the like in the cell, and take out the fuel. It is drawing attention as an energy source.
- polymer electrolyte fuel cells are expected to be used as alternative power sources for automobiles, home-use cogeneration systems, portable generators, etc. because they operate at lower temperatures than others.
- Such a polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes at least a membrane electrode assembly in which a gas diffusion electrode in which an electrode catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer are laminated is bonded to both surfaces of a proton exchange membrane.
- the proton exchange membrane referred to here is a material having a strongly acidic group such as a sulfonic acid group and a carboxylic acid group in a polymer chain and having a property of selectively transmitting protons.
- a perfluoro-based proton exchange membrane represented by naphion (registered trademark, manufactured by DuPont) having high chemical stability is preferably used.
- fuel for example, hydrogen
- an oxidant for example, oxygen or air
- fuel for example, hydrogen
- an oxidant for example, oxygen or air
- protons When the protons pass through the proton conductive polymer in the anode catalyst layer, they flow through the proton exchange membrane. It travels and reaches the force sword catalyst through the proton conducting polymer in the force sword catalyst layer.
- the electrons generated at the same time as the protons due to hydrogen oxidation reach the gas diffusion electrode on the force sword through an external circuit, and react with the protons and oxygen in the oxidizing agent on the force sword catalyst to form water. Is generated, and electric energy can be extracted at this time.
- the proton exchange membrane must also play a role as a gas barrier, If the gas permeability of the exchange membrane is high, a leak of hydrogen on the anode side to the force side and a leak of oxygen on the force side to the anode side, that is, a cross leak occurs, resulting in a so-called chemical short circuit. Good voltage cannot be obtained.
- Such a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is generally operated at around 80 ° C in order to obtain high output characteristics.
- fuel cells when used for automobiles, fuel cells must be used under high temperature and low humidification conditions (operating temperature around 100 ° C and humidification at 50 ° C (equivalent to a humidity of 12R H%)), assuming that the vehicle will run in summer. It is desirable to be able to drive.
- high temperature and low humidification conditions operating temperature around 100 ° C and humidification at 50 ° C (equivalent to a humidity of 12R H%)
- a fuel cell is operated for a long time under high-temperature and low-humidity conditions using a conventional perfluoro-based proton exchange membrane, there is a problem that pinholes are generated in the proton exchange membrane and cross leak occurs. Durability is obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a polymer electrolyte composition having high durability even under high temperature and low humidification conditions (for example, humidification at 50 ° C. at an operating temperature of 100 ° C. (corresponding to a humidity of 12 RH%))
- An object of the present invention is to provide a proton exchange membrane comprising a polymer electrolyte composition.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that a polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A), a polyphenylene sulfide resin (B), and a polyphenylene ether resin (C) and the polymer electrolyte composition comprising Z or the polysulfone resin (D) exhibit high oxidation stability, and the proton exchange membrane comprising the polymer electrolyte composition has a very high stability even under high temperature and low humidification. It has a good high durability.
- a polymer electrolyte composition comprising a polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A), a polyphenylene sulfide resin (B), and a polyphenylene ether resin (C) and Z or a polysulfone resin (D) .
- Z is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth metal atom or an amine (NH, NH
- the perfluorocarbon polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) is selected from polyphenylene sulfide resin (B), polyphenylene ether resin (C) and polysulfone resin (D).
- the polymer electrolyte composition according to any one of the above [3] to [9].
- the region where the particles are dispersed is 50 to 1 with respect to the entire region of the polymer electrolyte composition.
- a proton exchange membrane comprising the polymer electrolyte composition according to any one of [1] to [12].
- At least three proton exchange membranes composed of at least two types of polymer electrolyte compositions having different contents of the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) are laminated, and at least one of the surface layers
- At least three proton exchange membranes composed of at least two types of polymer electrolyte compositions having different content rates of the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) are laminated, and the content of the A in the surface layer is The proton exchange membrane according to the above [18] or [19], wherein the thickness of the surface layer is smaller than that of the inner layer, and the thickness of the surface layer is 5 to 50% of the total layer thickness.
- a membrane / electrode assembly comprising the proton exchange membrane according to the above [13] to [24].
- the proton exchange membrane made of the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention can be cross-linked at an operating temperature of 100 ° C and humidified at 50 ° C (equivalent to a humidity of 12 RH%) even when the fuel cell is operated for a long period of time. Since it does not generate cracks and exhibits excellent durability, it has high durability even under high temperature and low humidification conditions (for example, operating temperature of 100 ° C and humidification of 50 ° C (equivalent to humidity of 12RH%)). It became possible to obtain an exchange membrane.
- the proton exchange membrane obtained by the present invention is used for various fuel cells including a direct methanol fuel cell, water electrolysis, hydrohalic acid electrolysis, salt electrolysis, oxygen concentrator, humidity sensor, gas sensor and the like. It is also possible.
- the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) used in the present invention includes, for example, a perfluorocarbon polymer compound having an ion exchange group and a hydrocarbon having an aromatic ring in the molecule.
- a compound in which an ion exchange group is introduced into a system polymer compound is preferable.
- hydrocarbon-based polymer compound having an aromatic ring in the molecule examples include polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene ether, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyether ether sulfone, polyether ketone, polyether ether ketone, Polythioether ether sulphone, polythioether ketone, polythioether ether ketone, polybenzoimidazole, polybenzoxazole, polyoxadiazole, polybenzoxazidinone, polyxylylene, polyphenylene, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaline, Polyacene, polycyanogen, polynaphthyridine, polyphenylene sulfide sulfone, polyphenylene sulfone, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyesterimide, polyamideimide, Examples include polyarylate, aromatic polyamide, polystyrene, polyester, and polycarbonate.
- polyphenylene sulfide polyphenylene ether, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyether ether sulfone, polyether ketone, polyether ether ketone, polythioether ether sulfone, Polythioether ketone, polythioether ether ketone, polybenzimidazole, polybenzoxazole, polyoxadiazole, polybenzoxazidinone, polyxylylene, polyphenylene, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polyacene, polycyanogen, polynaphthyridine, polyphene Dilens-norophidos-norefone, polyphenylene sulfone, polyimide, and polyetherimide are preferred.
- the sulfonic acid exchange group is preferably a sulfonic acid group, particularly preferably a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonimide group, a sulfonamide group, a carboxylic acid group or a phosphoric acid group.
- a perfluorocarbon polymer compound having an ion exchange group is particularly suitable.
- Examples of the perfluorocarbon polymer compound having an ion exchange group include a sulfonic acid polymer of perfluorocarbon, a carboxylic acid polymer, a sulfonimide polymer, a sulfonamide polymer, a phosphoric acid polymer, or an amine salt thereof.
- a metal salt or the like is suitably used, and specific examples include a polymer represented by the following general formula (1).
- b is an integer of 0 or more and 8 or less
- c
- Z is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth metal atom or an amine (NH, NH
- a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid polymer represented by the following general formula (2) or (3) or a metal salt thereof is particularly preferred.
- the perfluorocarbon polymer compound having an ion exchange group used in the present invention is exemplified by For example, it can be produced by polymerizing a precursor polymer represented by the following general formula (4), followed by alkali hydrolysis, acid treatment and the like.
- R 4 is a halogen element.
- the precursor polymer that can be used in the present invention is produced by copolymerizing a fluorinated conjugate and a vinylidene conjugate.
- R is a hydrocarbon alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- a solution polymerization method in which a vinyl fluoride compound is dissolved in a solvent such as chlorofluorocarbon and then reacted with a gas of the fluorinated conjugate to perform polymerization, or a solvent such as chlorofluorocarbon is used.
- a general polymerization method such as a bulk polymerization method in which a vinyl fluoride compound is charged into water together with a surfactant, emulsified, and then reacted with a gas of a fluorinated conjugate to carry out polymerization. Is mentioned.
- perfluoroolefins and phenols such as hexafluoropropylene and chlorofluoroethylene are used.
- a copolymer containing a third component such as fluoroalkyl butyl ether may be used.
- the precursor polymer that can be used in the present invention has a melt index MI (gZlO content) measured at 270 ° C., a load of 21.2 N, and an orifice inner diameter of 2.09 mm based on JIS K-7210.
- the force is preferably from 0.001 to 1000, more preferably from 0.01 to 100, and most preferably from 0.1 to 10.
- the reaction liquid is preferably an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
- the content of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide is preferably from 10% by mass to 30% by mass.
- the reaction liquid preferably contains a swellable organic compound such as dimethyl sulfoxide and methanol. The content of the swellable organic compound is preferably from 1% by mass to 30% by mass.
- the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as PPS) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a so-called polyphenylene sulfide resin, but is preferably a paraphenylene sulfide skeleton. Is a polyphenylene sulfide resin capable of producing 70 mol% or more, more preferably 90 mol% or more.
- the method for producing PPS is not particularly limited, and is usually a method of polymerizing a halogen-substituted aromatic compound, for example, p-dichlorobenzene in the presence of sulfur and sodium carbonate, and a method of producing PPS in an polar solvent.
- the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) used in the present invention has an oligomer extraction amount of at least 0.001% by weight and at most 0.9% by weight with methylene chloride, and has an -SX group (S is Yodohara). And X is an alkali metal or hydrogen atom), and is preferably a polyphenylene sulfide resin having a content of 10 ⁇ molZg or more and 10,000 ⁇ molZg or less.
- the amount of oligomer extracted with methylene chloride 0.001 weight 0/0 or 0.8 wt 0/0 or more preferably tool 0.001 wt% or more 0.7% by weight is particularly preferred.
- the fact that the amount of oligomer extracted by methylene chloride is within the above range means that the amount of oligomer (about 10 to 30 mer) in PPS is small. If the oligomer extraction amount exceeds the above range, bleed-out tends to occur during film formation, which is not preferable.
- the measurement of the oligomer extraction amount with methylene chloride can be performed by the following method. That is, 5 g of PPS powder is added to 80 ml of methylene chloride, soxhlet extraction is performed for 4 hours, cooled to room temperature, and the extracted methylene chloride solution is transferred to a weighing bottle. Further, the container used for the above extraction is washed three times with a total of 60 ml of methylene chloride, and the washing solution is collected in the weighing bottle. Next, the mixture is heated to about 80 ° C to remove the methylene chloride in the weighing bottle by evaporation, the residue is weighed, and the proportion of the oligomer present in the PPS is determined from the residue amount. Can be.
- the content of the -SX group is more preferably from 15 molZg to 10,000 molZg, and particularly preferably from 20 molZg to 10,000 molZg.
- the fact that the -SX group concentration is within the above range means that the polyphenylene sulfide resin has a large number of reactive sites.
- the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) and the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) can be used in the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention.
- the quantification of the —SX group can be performed by the following method. That is, after the PPS powder was previously dried at 120 ° C for 4 hours, 20 g of the dried PPS powder was added to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone 15 Og, and the mixture was vigorously stirred and mixed at room temperature for 30 minutes so that powder agglomerates disappeared. State. After filtering the obtained slurry, washing is repeated 7 times using 1 liter of warm water at about 80 ° C each time.
- the pH of the slurry is adjusted to 4.5 by adding 1N hydrochloric acid.
- the obtained filter cake is again slurried in 200 g of pure water, then titrated with 1N sodium hydroxide, and the amount of -SX groups present in the PPS is determined from the consumed sodium hydroxide.
- the amount of oligomer extracted with methylene chloride 0.001 wt 0/0 or 0.9 wt 0/0 or less, and - SX group 10 ⁇ molZg than 10, 000 mu of PPS is MolZg less
- the production methods described in Examples 1 and 2 of JP-A-8-253587 (paragraphs 0041 to 0044) are described in Synthesis Examples 1 and 2 of JP-A-11-106656. Production method (paragraph numbers 0046 to 0048).
- the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) a polyphenylene sulfide resin obtained by introducing an acidic functional group or a reactive functional group into a polyphenylene sulfide resin can also be suitably used.
- a functional group By introducing such a functional group, in the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention, the miscibility between the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) and the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) is improved, and the ion exchange is performed. It is considered that the dispersibility of the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) in the polymer compound (A) having a group is improved.
- an acidic functional group when introduced, it means that the number of functional groups involved in proton conductivity in the proton exchange membrane of the polymer electrolyte of the present invention is increased, and high proton conductivity can be expressed.
- the acidic functional group to be introduced include a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a sulfonimide group, a carboxylic acid group, a maleic acid group, a maleic anhydride group, a fumaric acid group, an itaconic acid group, and an acrylic acid group.
- a sulfonic acid group which is a strong acid group which is preferably a methacrylic acid group, and a sulfonic acid group, which is more preferably a phosphoric acid group, is most preferable.
- an epoxy group which is preferably an epoxy group, an oxazonyl group, an amino group, an isocyanate group or a carbodiimide group, is particularly preferable. Further, two or more kinds of the above various functional groups may be introduced.
- the method for introducing the acidic functional group or the reactive functional group is not particularly limited, and the acidic functional group or the reactive functional group can be introduced using a general method.
- the introduction of a sulfonic acid group can be carried out under known conditions using a sulfonating agent such as sulfuric anhydride or fuming sulfuric acid.
- a sulfonating agent such as sulfuric anhydride or fuming sulfuric acid.
- metal salt examples include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt, and alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt.
- the polyphenylene ether resin (hereinafter may be simply abbreviated as PPE) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a so-called polyphenylene ether resin.
- a phenol homopolymer or copolymer containing at least 70 mol%, preferably at least 90 mol% of the structural unit represented by (5) is preferred.
- R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each hydrogen, halogen, a linear or branched lower alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a phenol group, a haloalkyl group, an aminoalkyl group, a hydrocarbonoxy group. Or a halohydrocarbon group in which at least two carbon atoms separate a halogen atom and an oxygen atom. May also be different.
- PPE poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and poly (2-methyl-6-ethyl-1,4-phenylene ether).
- Dimethylphenol and other monovalent phenols eg, 2,3,6-trimethylphenol and 2-methyl-6-butylphenol
- 2,6-dimethylphenol and divalent phenols eg, 3,3 ′ , 5,5-tetramethylbisphenol A).
- poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), a copolymer of 2,6-dimethylphenol and 2,3,6-trimethylphenol, and 2,6-dimethylphenol Copolymers with 3,3 ', 5,5-tetramethylbisphenol A are preferred.
- the polyphenylene ether resin (C) used in the present invention preferably has a phenolic hydroxyl group at the molecular chain end, whether at one end or at both ends. Good.
- the reduced viscosity of polyphenylene ether resin (C) used in the present invention should be in the range of 0.05 to 2. OdlZg. Is more preferably in the range of 0.10 to 0.8 dlZg.
- the method for producing the polyphenylene ether resin (C) used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a cuprous salt described in US Pat. No. 3,306,874. It can be easily produced by, for example, oxidation polymerization of 2,6-xylenol using a complex of amide and amine as a catalyst. In addition, U.S. Pat. It can be easily manufactured by the method described in, for example.
- polyphenylene ether resin S (C) those obtained by introducing an acidic functional group or a reactive functional group into polyphenylene ether resin can also be suitably used.
- the miscibility between the polymer compound (A) having an ion exchange group and the polyphenylene ether resin (C) in the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention is improved.
- the dispersibility of the polyphenylene ether resin (C) in the polymer compound (A) having an ion exchange group is improved.
- an acidic functional group when introduced, it means that the functional group involved in proton conductivity increases in the proton exchange membrane of the present invention, and high proton conductivity can be expressed, which is preferable.
- the acidic functional group to be introduced include a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a sulfonimide group, a carboxylic acid group, a maleic acid group, a maleic anhydride group, a fumaric acid group, an itaconic acid group, an acrylic acid group and a methacrylic group.
- a sulfonic acid group which is a strong acid group in which an acid group is preferred, and a sulfonic acid group, in which a phosphate group is more preferred, are most preferred.
- an epoxy group which is preferably an epoxy group, an oxazonyl group, an amino group, an isocyanate group, or a carbodiimide group, is particularly preferable. Further, two or more kinds of the above various functional groups may be introduced.
- the method for introducing the acidic functional group or the reactive functional group is not particularly limited, and the acidic functional group and the reactive functional group can be introduced using a general method.
- the introduction of a sulfonic acid group can be carried out under known conditions using a sulfonating agent such as sulfuric anhydride or fuming sulfuric acid.
- a sulfonating agent such as sulfuric anhydride or fuming sulfuric acid.
- metal salt examples include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt, and alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt.
- the polysulfone resin (D) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a so-called polysulfone resin, but the structure represented by the following general formula (6) has a force of 80 mol% or more, preferably 90 mol% or more. Is preferred. [0052] [Formula 2]
- the method for producing the polysulfone resin (D) used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the polysulfone resin (D) can be easily prepared by reacting sodium salt of bisphenol A with 4,4′-dichlorodiphenylsulfone. Can be manufactured.
- the polysulfone resin (D) a polysulfone resin having an acidic functional group or a reactive functional group introduced therein can also be suitably used.
- a functional group By introducing such a functional group, the miscibility between the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) and the polysulfone resin (D) in the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention is improved, and the ion exchange group is improved. It is considered that the dispersibility of the polysulfone resin (D) in the polymer compound (A) having the following is improved.
- an acidic functional group when introduced, it means that the proton exchange membrane comprising the polymer electrolyte of the present invention has an increased number of functional groups involved in proton conductivity, and high proton conductivity is developed. It is preferable because it is possible.
- the acidic functional group to be introduced include sulfonic acid groups, phosphoric acid groups, sulfonimide groups, carboxylic acid groups, maleic acid groups, maleic anhydride groups, fumaric acid groups, itaconic acid groups, acrylic acid groups and methacrylic acid. Most preferred are sulfonic acid groups, where the group is a preferred strong acid group and sulfonic acid groups, which are more preferred a phosphate group.
- an epoxy group which is preferably an epoxy group, an oxazonyl group, an amino group, an isocyanate group, or a carbodiimide group, is particularly preferable. Further, two or more of the above-mentioned various functional groups may be introduced.
- the method for introducing the acidic functional group or the reactive functional group is not particularly limited, and the method can be introduced using a general method.
- the introduction of a sulfonic acid group can be carried out under known conditions using a sulfonating agent such as sulfuric anhydride or fuming sulfuric acid.
- metal salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, calcium salts and the like. Alkaline earth metal salts are preferred.
- the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention is a polymer compound having an ion-exchange group as described above.
- a polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention and a proton exchange membrane comprising the composition can be obtained by using a polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) even when compared with the case of using only the high molecular weight compound having an ion exchange group (A) alone.
- Polyphenylene ether resin (C) and polysulfone resin (D) have significantly improved durability compared to the case where they are individually contained in a polymer compound (A) having an ion exchange group. .
- the polyelectrolyte composition of the present invention can be obtained by adding various resins including the resin used in the present invention to the polymer compound (A) having an ion-exchange group in various ways other than the present invention.
- the durability is remarkably improved as compared with the case where they are contained in combination.
- the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A), the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B), the polyphenylene ether resin (C) and the polysulfone in the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention The composition ratio of the fat (D) will be described.
- the mass ratio of the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B), the polyphenylene ether resin (C) and the polysulfone resin (D) to the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) is preferably from 99Zl to 0.01 / 99.99. From the balance between proton conductivity and durability, (B + C + D) / A is more preferably 90/10 to 0.05 / 99.95, more preferably 70/30 to 0.1 / 99.9. , 50/50 to 1/99 force S are particularly preferred, and 30/70 to 5 Z95 is most preferred.
- the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention contains a polyphenylene ether resin (C), it preferably contains an epoxy group-containing conjugate (F).
- Polymer compound having ion exchange group (A), polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) and polyphenylene ether resin (B) When the polymer electrolyte composition containing at least C) contains the epoxy group-containing compound (F), the particle dispersibility in the polymer electrolyte composition is improved, and as a result, the polymer electrolyte composition and Further improvement of the durability of the proton exchange membrane with the composition can be realized.
- the epoxy group-containing conjugate (F) used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having an epoxy group.
- a low molecular weight compound having an epoxy group and an unsaturated compound having an epoxy group examples include a homopolymer or copolymer of a monomer (G) and an epoxy resin (H). Since a polymer compound is easier to handle at high temperatures, a homopolymer or copolymer (G) of an unsaturated monomer having an epoxy group and an epoxy resin (H) are preferable.
- the above-mentioned low molecular weight compound containing an epoxy group those which are solid liquids at 200 ° C. are preferable. Specifically, 1,2 epoxy-13 phenoxypropane, N— (2 , 3-epoxypropyl) phthalimide, 3,4 epoxytetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide, glycidyl 4-noylphenol ether, glycidyl tosylate, glycidyl trityl ether and the like.
- the unsaturated monomer having an epoxy group constituting the homopolymer or copolymer (G) of the unsaturated monomer having an epoxy group used in the present invention may be an unsaturated monomer having an epoxy group.
- the other unsaturated monomer copolymerized with the unsaturated monomer having an epoxy group may be a fragrance such as styrene.
- a fragrance such as styrene.
- Group compounds, a cyanide-buil monomer such as acrylonitrile, a butyl acetate, a (meth) acrylate, and the like are preferred.
- copolymers obtained by copolymerizing these copolymerizable unsaturated monomers include, for example, styrene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-glycidyl methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene -Glycidyl methacrylate mono-acrylonitrile copolymer and the like.
- a copolymer containing an unsaturated monomer having an epoxy group and a styrene monomer is particularly excellent in affinity with the polyphenylene ether resin (C), and It is preferable because the dispersibility of the lenether resin (C) is particularly improved. From the viewpoint of improving dispersibility, it is preferable styrene monomers comprising at least 65 wt 0/0 above.
- the unsaturated monomer having an epoxy group is preferably contained in an amount of 0.3 to 20% by mass, more preferably 1 to 15% by mass, and particularly preferably 3 to LO% by mass.
- the epoxy resin (H) used in the present invention is, for example, a cresol novolac type epoxy resin, a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F type epoxy resin, a bisphenol S type epoxy resin. , Hindertoin type epoxy resin, biphenyl type epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, triphenylmethane type epoxy resin and phenol novolak type epoxy resin. These powers can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, cresol novolak type epoxy resin and bisphenol A type epoxy resin are preferred, and cresol novolak type epoxy resin is particularly preferred.
- the polyphenylene ether resin (C) and the epoxy resin (H) can be mixed and reacted in advance and added. That is, as the polyphenylene ether resin (C), an epoxy-modified polyphenylene ether resin (E) obtained by reacting a polyphenylene ether resin with an epoxy resin can be used.
- the mixture is mixed under the conditions described below. -The renether resin (C) and the epoxy resin (H) may be reacted.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 100 to 250 ° C.
- the temperature is more preferably in the range of 120 to 195 ° C, and still more preferably in the range of 140 to 190 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably less than 3 hours, more preferably within 2 hours, particularly preferably within 40 minutes.
- the reactor used for the production of the epoxy-modified poly (phenylene ether) resin (E) is preferably one that can uniformly mix, stir or knead the poly (phenylene ether) resin and the epoxy resin.
- a kneader such as a twin screw extruder or a kneader can be used.
- the manufacturing method can use any of a continuous reaction process, a batch reaction process, and a semi-batch reaction process.
- a basic compound is added to the reaction system from the viewpoint of improving the reaction rate, suppressing side reactions, and controlling the structure of the reaction composition E.
- the basic compound include lithium, sodium, potassium, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, tertiary amines such as triethylamine tributylamine, imidazole, sodium phenoxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, Examples include potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate and the like. Among them, sodium methylate, triethylamine, triptylamine, sodium hydroxide, and the like are preferable.
- a quaternary ammonium salt can also be used as a catalyst in addition to the basic conjugate.
- each of the components (A) to (H) may be composed of two or more compounds.
- polyphenylene ether resin (C) poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and poly (2-methyl-6-ethyl-1,4-phenylene ether)
- examples of the use of a mixture of and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) into which sulfonic acid groups are introduced Examples of using a mixture are given.
- the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) include a mixture of a polyphenylene sulfide and a sulfonated polyphenylene sulfide.
- the weight ratio between the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention and the additive (electrolyte composition Z additive) is 80Z20-9. 9.
- the force S to be 999 / 0.001 is preferably S, more preferably 90/10 to 99.99 / 0.01, and even more preferably 95Z5 to 99.9 / 0.1.
- the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention is obtained by mixing components selected from the above-mentioned components (A) to (H), but the method is not particularly limited, and a general polymer is used. The method of mixing the compositions can be suitably applied.
- a polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) or a precursor polymer thereof, and components (B) to (H), which are also selected from components are hot-melted to form a kneading extruder, Labo Plastomill, Examples of the method include kneading with a kneading hole, a Bannolly mixer, or the like. Further, a component selected from the components (B) to (H) is melted in advance by heat and kneaded with a kneading extruder, a lab plast mill, a kneading roll, a Bannory mixer or the like to obtain a mixture.
- the polymer compound (A) having an ion exchange group or its precursor polymer can be similarly kneaded to obtain a final polymer electrolyte composition.
- the combination and order of kneading can be arbitrarily determined.
- the precursor polymer is used in place of the polymer compound (A) having an ion exchange group, the mixture is converted into a form having an ion exchange group by performing an alkali hydrolysis treatment and an acid treatment after kneading.
- the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention can be obtained.
- the kneading method at this time is achieved by a conventionally known technique such as a Brabender, a kneader, a Banbury mixer and an extruder.
- a conventionally known technique such as a Brabender, a kneader, a Banbury mixer and an extruder.
- the use of an extruder is preferred because the obtained polymer electrolyte composition can easily finely disperse other components in the polymer compound (A) having an ion exchange group.
- an extruder for melt-kneading the above-mentioned components is provided by a screwing kneading block.
- a screwing kneading block Is a multi-screw extruder having two or more screws which can be incorporated at any position of the screw.
- These extruders have a first raw material supply port upstream of the flow direction of the raw material and a second raw material supply port downstream of the first raw material supply port, and one more downstream of the second raw material supply port as necessary.
- the above-mentioned raw material supply ports may be provided, and if necessary, a vacuum vent may be provided between these raw material supply ports.
- a solution of the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) or a precursor polymer thereof and each of the components (B) to (H) are mixed to form a solution, and then the solvent is removed.
- the solvent is removed, and then the alkali exchange treatment and the acid treatment are performed to perform the ion exchange.
- the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention can be obtained by the above method, but in the present invention, other components are finely dispersed in the polymer compound (A) having an ion exchange group.
- the effects of the present invention such as a long life can be obtained. That is, in the polymer compound (A) having an ion-exchange group, particles serving as other components have a mean particle diameter in terms of circle of from 0.0001 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m, preferably from 0.0001 ⁇ m to 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the dispersion is 8 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.0001 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 0.000001 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 m or less. is there. It is not always necessary to satisfy the above range in all regions of the composition. It is sufficient that 50 to: L00% of the entire region of the composition satisfies the above range.
- the particle diameter of the dispersed particles is 0.0001 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.0001 ⁇ m or more and 0.8 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.0001 m or less in terms of a circle-converted average particle diameter. It is preferably at least 0.5 m, particularly preferably at least 0.0001 m and at most 0.1, from the viewpoint of prolonging the life.
- Such a finely dispersed structure can be controlled by the composition of the material, various conditions during processing, and the like. More specifically, in the composition of the material, the combination of each component, the quantitative ratio, and the compatibility The type of the solvent and the like can be mentioned when using the drier and when using a solvent. Further, various conditions at the time of processing include temperature conditions, stirring and kneading conditions, and particularly during extrusion processing, the influence of the screw design and the number of rotations of the screw is large.
- the circle-converted average particle diameter in the present invention is defined as follows. Thin sections were prepared from the polymer electrolyte composition or the proton exchange membrane of the present invention, stained with a dye such as ruthenium tetroxide by a conventional method, observed with a transmission electron microscope, and stained. The average particle diameter is determined, and this value is used as the particle diameter. The average particle diameter at this time is calculated by calculating the circle-converted diameter (area) of each particle calculated from the 20 ⁇ 20 / zm field of view of the thin section directly or directly after printing the image from a negative onto a photograph. Is the number average of the diameter of the same circle). However, if the staining boundary is not clear when inputting to the photographic power image analyzer, the photograph is traced, and the image is input to the image analyzer using this figure.
- the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention can be formed into a membrane and used as a proton exchange membrane.
- the means for forming a film is not particularly limited, and a general method for forming a film of a polymer composition can be suitably applied.
- known film forming methods such as calender molding, press molding, T-die molding, and inflation molding are exemplified.
- T-die molding and inflation molding are preferred as methods for industrially easily obtaining a proton exchange membrane from the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention.
- inflation molding is preferred from the viewpoint of obtaining a film with small anisotropy.
- a precursor of the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention for example, a precursor polymer of the polymer compound (A) having an ion exchange group and a component selected from the components (B) to (H)
- the resulting polymer composition is formed into a film having an ion-exchange group by performing an appropriate post-treatment, for example, hydrolysis or acid treatment, after forming the film using the above-described film forming method.
- an appropriate post-treatment for example, hydrolysis or acid treatment
- a proton exchange membrane made of the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention can be obtained.
- a proton exchange membrane can also be obtained by mixing the solutions of the components (A) to (H) to form a solution, casting the solution, and removing the solvent.
- Casting methods include casting into petri dishes, gravure roll coaters, natural roll coaters, reverse roll coaters, knife coaters and dip coaters. Can be used.
- Substrates used in the casting method include substrates made of general polymer films, metal foils, alumina, silicon, etc., porous membranes obtained by stretching a PTFE membrane described in JP-A-8-162132, and JP-A-8-162132. Fibrillated fibers and the like disclosed in JP-A-53-149881 and JP-B-63-61337 can be used.
- As a method for removing the solvent a method such as heat treatment at room temperature to 200 ° C. and reduced pressure treatment can be used. In the case of heat treatment, the temperature can be raised stepwise to remove the solvent.
- a solution of the precursor polymer is used, and the solutions of the components (B) to (H) are mixed to form a solution.
- an appropriate post-treatment for example, an alkali hydrolysis treatment or an acid treatment, to convert the solution to a form having an ion-exchange group.
- a proton exchange membrane comprising an electrolyte composition can also be obtained.
- the stretch orientation can be imparted by performing transverse uniaxial stretching, simultaneous biaxial stretching, or sequential biaxial stretching in combination with the above-described production method.
- a stretching treatment is preferable because the mechanical properties of the proton exchange membrane of the present invention can be improved.
- This stretching treatment can be performed in the state of a proton exchange membrane, or in a state where the proton exchange group is replaced with a metal salt such as a sodium salt, a potassium salt, and a calcium salt, or an ammonium salt. Can be.
- a polymer composition comprising a precursor polymer of the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) and a component selected from the components (B) to (H) is formed into a film
- the state immediately after the film formation is obtained.
- the film may be subjected to an appropriate post-treatment, for example, an alkali hydrolysis treatment or an acid treatment, and then converted into a form having an ion-exchange group.
- the above stretching treatment is preferably carried out at 1.1 to 6.0 times in the transverse (TD) direction and 1.0 to 6.0 times in the longitudinal (MD) direction, more preferably in the transverse (TD) direction.
- 1.1 to 3.0 times in the direction 1.0 to 3.0 times in the vertical direction, more preferably 1.1 to 2.0 times in the horizontal direction, and 1.0 to 2.0 times in the vertical direction.
- the area stretch ratio is preferably 1.1 to 36 times.
- the proton exchange membrane of the present invention can have a structure in which at least two or more types of proton exchange membranes having different composition ratios are laminated.
- the proton comprising the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention In the exchange membrane, the content of the resin other than the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A) is high! The more excellent the mechanical strength and the change in dry and wet dimensions, the higher the content of the polymer compound having an ion exchange group (A). The higher the value, the better the electrical properties such as proton conductivity.
- the number of layers to be laminated is not limited, but as the number of layers increases, the manufacturing cost also increases. Therefore, about 2 to 10 layers are preferable. It is more preferably 2 to 7 layers, and particularly preferably 3 to 5 layers.
- Composition of polymer compound having ion exchange group (A), polyphenylene sulfide resin (B), polyphenylene ether resin (C), polysulfone resin (D), and epoxy group-containing compound (F) in each layer The ratio can be arbitrarily changed within the above-mentioned range. Also, the thickness of each layer can be arbitrarily changed in consideration of characteristics.
- the content of the high molecular compound (A) having an ion exchange group in the inner layer is made lower than that of at least one of the surface layers, and
- the thickness of the inner layer is preferably 5 to 90% of the total thickness, more preferably 7 to 80%, particularly preferably 10 to 50%.
- the total thickness of the surface layer becomes A ratio of 5 to 50% of the thickness is more preferable, a ratio of 7 to 45% is more preferable, and a ratio of 10 to 40% is particularly preferable.
- the proton exchange membrane of the present invention in addition to the production method described above, reinforcement by adding a reinforcement material such as an inorganic material or an organic material or an organic-inorganic hybrid material, Reinforcement by cross-linking or the like can be applied.
- the reinforcing material may be a short fiber material, a particulate material, or a flaky material. Further, a continuous support such as a porous membrane, a mesh and a nonwoven fabric may be used.
- the reinforcing material may be added and mixed at the same time as the melt-kneading, or may be laminated with the formed film.
- the inorganic material used as the reinforcing material is not particularly limited as long as it has a reinforcing effect.
- the organic material used as the reinforcing material is not particularly limited as long as it has a reinforcing effect, and examples thereof include polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene ether, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetherethersulfone, polyetherphenol, polyether Ether ether ketone, polythioether sulfone, polythioether ether sulfone, polythioether ketone, polythioether ether ketone, polybenzoimidazole, polybenzoxazole, polyoxadiazole, polybenzoxazinone, polyxylylene , Polyphenylene, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polyacene, polycyanogen, polynaphthyridine, polyphenylene snorefidosnolehon, polyphenylene sulfone
- An organic-inorganic hybrid material can also be used as a reinforcing material, and examples thereof include an organic silicon polymer compound having a silsesquioxane structure or a siloxane structure such as POSS (Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes) and silicone rubber.
- POSS Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes
- the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention is prepared in the air or under an oxygen atmosphere.
- heat treatment at 160 ° C. or more can improve mechanical properties.
- the equivalent mass EW (dry mass of the proton exchange membrane per equivalent of the proton exchange group) of the proton exchange membrane produced by the present invention is preferably from 250 to 2,000, more preferably from 2,000 to 2,000. Is 400 or more and 1500 or less, most preferably 500 or more and 1200 or less.
- the thickness of the proton exchange membrane produced by the present invention is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 2 / zm or more and 100 / zm or less, and most preferably 5 m or more. 50 m or less.
- the dry-wet dimensional change of the proton exchange membrane produced by the present invention is preferably 0% or more and 100% or less, more preferably 0% or more and 50% or less, and most preferably 0% or more and 10% or less.
- dry / wet dimensional change refers to a ratio of a dimensional change when left at 80 ° C. water for 1 hour to a dimension when left at 25 ° C. and 20 RH% for 1 hour.
- the dimension refers to the length of the proton exchange membrane in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, and it is preferable that both dimensions satisfy the above range.
- a fuel cell was assembled as follows using the proton exchange membrane of the present invention, and the durability was evaluated.
- ME Aj membrane electrode assembly in which an anode and two types of electrode catalyst layers are joined on both sides of the membrane.
- a pair of gas diffusion layers joined to the outside of the electrode catalyst layer so as to face each other is sometimes referred to as MEA.
- the electrode catalyst layer is composed of fine particles of catalytic metal and a conductive agent carrying the fine particles, and contains a water repellent as necessary.
- the catalyst used for the electrode may be any metal that promotes the oxidation reaction of hydrogen and the reduction reaction by oxygen. Platinum, gold, silver, palladium, iridium, rhodium, ruthenium, iron, cobalt, nickel, Chromium, tungsten, manganese , Vanadium, and alloys thereof, among which platinum is mainly used.
- a method for producing the MEA for example, the following method is performed. First, a platinum-carrying carbon serving as an electrode substance is dispersed in a solution obtained by dissolving ion-exchange resin in a mixed solution of alcohol and water to form a paste. A certain amount of this is applied to a PTFE sheet and dried. Next, the MEA can be obtained by facing the coated surfaces of the PTFE sheet, sandwiching the proton exchange membrane of the present invention between them, and transferring and joining by hot pressing at 100 ° C to 200 ° C.
- the bipolar plate is a plate made of a composite material of graphite and resin or a metal plate or the like in which a groove for flowing a gas such as a fuel or an oxidizing agent is formed on the surface thereof. In addition to transmitting to the load circuit, it has a function as a flow path for supplying fuel and oxidant near the electrode catalyst. Fuel cells are manufactured by inserting multiple MEAs between such bipolar plates and stacking them.
- ⁇ L / (RXTXW) ⁇ : proton conductivity (SZcm)
- a proton exchange membrane was sandwiched between two gas diffusion electrodes coated on a mount, 180.
- C pressure Press lOMPa to hot-press to transfer and bond the gas diffusion electrode to the proton exchange membrane to produce the MEA.
- the platinum carrying amount of this gas diffusion electrode was 0.4 mgZcm 2
- the polymer carrying amount was 0.5 mgZcm 2 .
- Water-repellent carbon paper or carbon cloth is arranged on both sides of the MEA, and the MEA is assembled into an evaluation cell and set in an evaluation device.
- hydrogen gas as fuel and air gas as oxidizing agent
- IMPa oxidizing agent
- Gas humidification uses a water publishing method, and both hydrogen gas and air gas are humidified at 50 ° C and supplied to the cell.
- a part of the power source exhaust gas during the single cell characteristic test was introduced into a GL Science Micro Gas Chromatograph Micro GC CP—4900 mm, and the concentration of hydrogen gas in the power source exhaust gas was measured. Derive the rate.
- This film was brought into contact with an aqueous solution in which potassium hydroxide (15% by mass) and dimethyl sulfoxide (30% by mass) were dissolved at 60 ° C for 4 hours to carry out an alkali hydrolysis treatment. Then, it was immersed in water at 60 ° C for 4 hours. Next, it was immersed in a 2N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at 60 ° C. for 3 hours, washed with ion-exchanged water and dried to obtain a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 736).
- the proton conductivity of this proton exchange membrane was as high as 0.23 (SZcm).
- the fuel cell evaluation of this proton exchange membrane showed that the starting force showed an extremely low value of 0.038 g / HrZcm 2 ), the average value of the fluorine release rate in wastewater up to 200 hours.
- the cell lifetime reached 750 hours and was found to exhibit excellent durability.
- a proton exchange membrane (E w: 737) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that polysulfone (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Japan Co., Ltd., number average molecular weight: 26,000) was used instead of polyphenylene ether.
- Proton exchange membrane (EW: 730, Ml: 3.0) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that (Ml: 3.0, alkali hydrolysis' Ew after acid treatment: Ew: 730) was used alone. Results.
- the proton conductivity of this proton exchange membrane was as high as 0.23 (SZcm).
- SZcm was subjected to fuel cell evaluation in the proton exchange membrane, a fluorine elution average value 0. 506 gZHrZcm speed 2) a very high Gushi force even cell life in the waste water to the start time of power cell life between times 200 If it is less than 10, sufficient durability could not be obtained.
- PPE Polyphenylene ether
- Epoxy resin Cresol novolac type epoxy resin N-660 manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.
- PEES Polyetherethersulfone
- PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
- a proton exchange membrane was obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, except that the composition ratio and the like of Examples 1 and 2 were changed, and the fuel cell was evaluated.
- the results are shown in Table 3.In each case, not only the average value of the fluorine elution rate in the wastewater from the start to 200 hours but also the fluorine elution rate at about 500 hours was very low. The cell lifetime exceeded 1000 hours in all cases, indicating extremely excellent durability.
- the precursor polymer was changed to 95 parts by weight of the obtained precursor polymer, 1 part by weight of polyphenylene sulfide, and 3 parts by weight of polyphenylene ether.
- Polyphenylene ether (2,6-xylenol and 3,3 ', 5,5-tetramethylbisphenol A, obtained by oxidation polymerization, has a reduced viscosity of 0.105 and a glass transition temperature of 165 ° C) and the composition ratio of Example 5 was changed to tetrafluoroethylene and CF CFO (CF) —SO F
- the amount was changed to 70 parts by weight of the precursor polymer obtained from 222, 25 parts by weight of polyphenylene sulfide, and 5 parts by weight of polyphenylene ether.
- Example 9 To the components of Example 5, 0.3 part by weight of a styrene-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer containing 5% by weight of glycidyl methacrylate (weight average molecular weight: 110,000) was further added. [Example 9]
- the component of Example 8 has a structure of polystyrene-hydrogenated polybutadiene-polystyrene, in which the amount of bound styrene is 35% by weight, the number average molecular weight is 178,000, and 1,2- of the polybutadiene portion before hydrogenation. 1.5 parts by weight of a hydrogenated block copolymer having a Bull bonding amount of 48% was further added.
- the amount was changed to 7 parts by weight of lensulfide, 1 part by weight of polyphenylene ether, and 2 parts by weight of epoxy resin.
- the amount was changed to 7 parts by weight of ethylene sulfide and 3 parts by weight of epoxy-modified polyphenylene ether.
- a proton exchange membrane was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the screw rotation speed of the twin-screw extruder was changed to 500 rpm.
- Example 11 instead of using a T-die extruder, melt extrusion was performed using an annular die, followed by inflation molding to form a film having a thickness of 50 m.
- the diameter of the annular die was 50 mm
- the slit opening was 500 m
- the resin temperature was 250 ° C
- the vertical draw ratio was 3.3 times
- the horizontal blow-up ratio was 3.0 times.
- This film was subjected to alkaline hydrolysis treatment, acid treatment, water washing and drying in the same manner as in Example 11 to obtain a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 798) having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m.
- Example 11 melt extrusion was performed using a T-die extruder to form a film having a thickness of 200 m, and the film was subjected to MD at 120 ° C using a biaxial simultaneous stretching device (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisaku-sho, Ltd.). After stretching 2.0 times in the direction and 2.0 times in the TD direction and 4 times in the area stretching ratio, alkali hydrolysis treatment, acid treatment, washing with water and drying were performed in the same manner as in Example 11 to a thickness of 50 m. (Ew: 798) was obtained.
- the puncture strength of this proton exchange membrane was measured using a Nondie compression tester (manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.) (probe radius: 0.5 mm, puncture speed: 2 mmZs, performed in air at 25 ° C).
- the calorific value increased about twice that of the proton exchange membrane of Example 11, confirming that the membrane strength was improved.
- the proton conductivity of this proton exchange membrane was as high as 0.26 (SZcm).
- the fuel cell evaluation of this proton exchange membrane showed that the average value of the fluorine elution rate in the wastewater was 0.009 ( ⁇ g / Hr / cm 2 ) at a starting force of up to 200 hours, and the proton exchange membrane of Example 11 was used. Very low as well! ⁇ value, indicating that it has excellent durability.
- the film A sandwiched between the two films B was thermocompressed at 290 ° C and lOMPa to form a film having a thickness of about 50 m, and then subjected to alkaline hydrolysis treatment in the same manner as in Example 5. Acid treatment, washing with water, and drying gave a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 861).
- the film was changed to 35 parts by weight and 15 parts by weight of polyphenylene ether, and melt-extruded using a T-die extruder to form a film having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- the film A sandwiched between the two films A was thermocompressed at 290 ° C and lOMPa to form a film having a thickness of about 55 m, and then subjected to the alkaline hydrolysis treatment in the same manner as in Example 11. Acid treatment, washing with water, and drying gave a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 847).
- Example 5 a 25 ⁇ m thick film was formed by melt extrusion using a T-die extruder. Was designated as film A.
- a 10 ⁇ m-thick polyphenylenesulfide film (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a porosity of 70% was sandwiched between two sheets of film A, and was placed at 290 ° C. After thermocompression bonding to form a film having a thickness of about 50 m, an alkali hydrolysis treatment, an acid treatment, washing with water and drying were performed in the same manner as in Example 5 to obtain a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 853).
- Film A in Example 5 was melt-extruded using a T-die extruder and formed into a film having a thickness of 20 m.
- the mixture was changed to 45 parts by weight of polyphenylene sulfide and 5 parts by weight of polyphenylene ether, and was melt-extruded using a T-die extruder to form a film having a thickness of 10 m.
- the film B sandwiched between the two films A was thermocompressed at 290 ° C and lOMPa to form a film having a thickness of about 50 m, and then subjected to alkaline hydrolysis treatment in the same manner as in Example 5.
- An acid treatment, washing with water and drying were performed to obtain a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 921).
- Fuel cell evaluation was performed on proton exchange membranes obtained by impregnating various porous materials with perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid polymers. The results are shown in Table 3. Although the fluorine elution rate decreased due to a decrease in the content of the perfluorinated carbon sulfonic acid polymer, there were cases where the cell life was about 400 hours at most, and it was found that good durability was not obtained in any case. did.
- a polymer solution C was added to a porous polyphenylene sulfide film (a 50 ⁇ m thick polyphenylene sulfide film (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) which had been subjected to a porosity treatment to a porosity of 60%). After sufficient impregnation, the resultant was placed in an oven and dried at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and then heated to 160 ° C. and further heat-treated for 1 hour to obtain a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 1153).
- a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 1225) was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 36 except that a porous polyimide (manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of the porous polyphenylene sulfide film.
- a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 1010) was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 36, except that this porous polysulfone film was used instead of the porous polyphenylene sulfide film.
- a porous polyether sulfone film was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 38 except that polyether sulfone (manufactured by Across Corporation) was used instead of polysulfone.
- a proton exchange membrane (Ew: 1189) was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 36 except that this film was used instead of the porous polyphenylene sulfide film.
- the proton exchange membrane obtained from the polymer electrolyte composition of the present invention is a proton exchange membrane having high durability even at a high temperature, and is suitably used in the field of ion exchange membranes and fuel cells.
- the proton exchange membrane obtained by the present invention can be used for various fuel cells including direct methanol fuel cells, water electrolysis, hydrohalic acid electrolysis, salt electrolysis, oxygen concentrators, humidity sensors, gas sensors, etc. It is.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112005000823.1T DE112005000823B4 (de) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-04-21 | Polymerelektrolyt-Zusammensetzung, die ein auf einem aromatischem Kohlenwasserstoff basierendes Harz enthält, Protonenaustauschmembran sowie deren Verwendung |
| JP2006512592A JP4447007B2 (ja) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-04-21 | 芳香族炭化水素系樹脂を含有する高分子電解質組成物 |
| GB0617012A GB2426763B (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-04-21 | Polymer electrolyte composition containing aromatic hydrocarbon-based resign |
| CA2563788A CA2563788C (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2005-04-21 | Polymer electrolyte composition containing aromatic hydrocarbon-based resin |
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| JP2004128181 | 2004-04-23 | ||
| JP2004-128181 | 2004-04-23 | ||
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| JP2004-238053 | 2004-08-18 | ||
| JP2004-259595 | 2004-09-07 | ||
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| CA (1) | CA2563788C (ja) |
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| JP2007311027A (ja) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-29 | Toshiba Fuel Cell Power Systems Corp | 高分子膜の寿命予測試験方法、試験装置および試験プログラム |
| JP2008066110A (ja) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用電解質および燃料電池 |
| JP2008530732A (ja) * | 2005-02-08 | 2008-08-07 | ゼネラル・モーターズ・コーポレーション | 高分子電解質膜としてのスルホン化ポリ(フェニレンスルフィド)フィルム |
| WO2008102851A1 (ja) | 2007-02-21 | 2008-08-28 | Asahi Kasei E-Materials Corporation | 高分子電解質組成物、高分子電解質膜、膜電極接合体、及び固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
| JP2008235265A (ja) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-10-02 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 高耐久性を有する高分子電解質組成物 |
| WO2009116446A1 (ja) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-09-24 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | 高分子電解質及びその製造方法 |
| JP2013095757A (ja) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-20 | Asahi Kasei E-Materials Corp | 高分子電解質組成物、高分子電解質膜、膜電極複合体及び固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
| WO2013100083A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | レドックスフロー二次電池及びレドックスフロー二次電池用電解質膜 |
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| JPWO2024204047A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-28 | 2024-10-03 | ||
| DE102024112692A1 (de) | 2024-05-06 | 2025-11-06 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Plattenanordnung, Elektrolyseur und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Plattenanordnung |
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- 2005-04-21 JP JP2006512592A patent/JP4447007B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-21 GB GB0617012A patent/GB2426763B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-21 CA CA2563788A patent/CA2563788C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| JP4791488B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-08 | 2011-10-12 | ゼネラル・モーターズ・コーポレーション | 高分子電解質膜としてのスルホン化ポリ(フェニレンスルフィド)フィルム |
| JP2008530732A (ja) * | 2005-02-08 | 2008-08-07 | ゼネラル・モーターズ・コーポレーション | 高分子電解質膜としてのスルホン化ポリ(フェニレンスルフィド)フィルム |
| JP2007311027A (ja) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-29 | Toshiba Fuel Cell Power Systems Corp | 高分子膜の寿命予測試験方法、試験装置および試験プログラム |
| JP2008066110A (ja) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用電解質および燃料電池 |
| US8304134B2 (en) | 2007-02-21 | 2012-11-06 | Asahi Kasei E-Materials Corporation | Polymer electrolyte composition, polymer electrolyte membrane, membrane electrode assembly and solid polymer electrolyte-based fuel cell |
| JP5548445B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-21 | 2014-07-16 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | 高分子電解質組成物、高分子電解質膜、膜電極接合体、及び固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
| JP2008235265A (ja) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-10-02 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 高耐久性を有する高分子電解質組成物 |
| KR101177169B1 (ko) | 2007-02-21 | 2012-08-24 | 아사히 가세이 이-매터리얼즈 가부시키가이샤 | 고분자 전해질 조성물, 고분자 전해질막, 막전극 접합체 및 고체고분자 전해질형 연료 전지 |
| WO2008102851A1 (ja) | 2007-02-21 | 2008-08-28 | Asahi Kasei E-Materials Corporation | 高分子電解質組成物、高分子電解質膜、膜電極接合体、及び固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
| JP5474762B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-19 | 2014-04-16 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | 高分子電解質及びその製造方法 |
| WO2009116446A1 (ja) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-09-24 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | 高分子電解質及びその製造方法 |
| US8993682B2 (en) | 2008-03-19 | 2015-03-31 | Asahi Kasei E-Materials Corporation | Polyelectrolyte and process for producing the polyelectrolyte |
| JP2013095757A (ja) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-20 | Asahi Kasei E-Materials Corp | 高分子電解質組成物、高分子電解質膜、膜電極複合体及び固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
| WO2013100083A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | 旭化成イーマテリアルズ株式会社 | レドックスフロー二次電池及びレドックスフロー二次電池用電解質膜 |
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| CN119060538A (zh) * | 2024-11-04 | 2024-12-03 | 山东鼎晟复合材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种高性能耐热导电树脂材料及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112005000823T5 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
| DE112005000823B4 (de) | 2018-03-29 |
| GB2426763B (en) | 2009-11-04 |
| GB2426763A (en) | 2006-12-06 |
| CA2563788C (en) | 2010-09-07 |
| GB0617012D0 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| JP4447007B2 (ja) | 2010-04-07 |
| CA2563788A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
| JPWO2005103161A1 (ja) | 2008-03-13 |
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