WO2005097405A1 - 工作機械の安全装置及びこの安全装置を備えた工作機械 - Google Patents
工作機械の安全装置及びこの安全装置を備えた工作機械 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005097405A1 WO2005097405A1 PCT/JP2005/005389 JP2005005389W WO2005097405A1 WO 2005097405 A1 WO2005097405 A1 WO 2005097405A1 JP 2005005389 W JP2005005389 W JP 2005005389W WO 2005097405 A1 WO2005097405 A1 WO 2005097405A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- pressure
- chamber
- machine tool
- supply unit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/54—Arrangements or details not restricted to group B23Q5/02 or group B23Q5/22 respectively, e.g. control handles
- B23Q5/58—Safety devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/001—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine
Definitions
- Machine tool safety device and machine tool equipped with this safety device are Machine tool safety device and machine tool equipped with this safety device
- the present invention relates to a machine tool having an elevating member such as a main shaft and a tool rest that can be raised and lowered, while maintaining the weight balance of the elevating member and preventing the elevating member from falling when power is cut off during a power failure or the like.
- the present invention relates to a safety device for a machine tool to be prevented.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-11-347873
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a machine tool described in Patent Document 1 described above.
- a column 3 is erected on the bed 1, and a guide 5a extending in the Y direction (a direction perpendicular to the paper) is provided on the front surface (the left side surface in the figure) of the column 3.
- a saddle 4 is provided on the front surface of the column 3 for moving in the Y direction while being guided by the guide 5a.
- a spindle 9 on which a tool T for cutting a workpiece fixed to the table 2 is mounted at a lower end is rotatably supported by a spindle head 8.
- the spindle head 8 is attached to a ram 7 that moves up and down in front of the saddle 4.
- the ram 7 moves up and down in the Z direction while being guided by a guide 6 provided in the Z direction (vertical direction) on the front surface of the saddle 4.
- the linear motor 10 as a driving body for raising and lowering the ram 7 includes a magnet 10b mounted on the rear surface of the ram 7, and a coil 10a disposed on the front surface of the saddle 4 so as to face the magnet 10b.
- the ram 7 moves up and down while being guided by the guide 6.
- a spring 11 is provided below the ram 7 as urging means, and the spring 11 constantly urges the ram 7 upward.
- a cylinder device 12 is provided at the upper end of the saddle 4 to prevent the ram 7 from rising when the power is turned off, thereby preventing the ram 7 from hitting the saddle 4. .
- the cylinder device 12 mainly includes a cylinder 121 using a liquid or gas as a working medium. Further, the tip of a piston port 122a of the cylinder 121, through which the upper end of the saddle 4 is inserted, which can move forward and backward, is connected to the upper end of the ram 7.
- the inside of the cylinder 121 is partitioned into a first chamber 121a and a second chamber 121b by a piston 122 to which a piston rod 122a is attached, and the first chamber 121a and the second chamber 121b are connected to each other by a fluid pipe 124 in a communicating manner. Have been.
- An electromagnetic valve 123 is provided at an intermediate portion of the fluid pipe 124, and when the power is cut off, the electromagnetic valve 123 is switched so that the fluid flows between the first chamber 121a and the second chamber 121b. Now you can regulate!
- the ram 7 is moved up and down by driving the linear motor 10 under the bias of the spring 11.
- the cylinder 121 includes the first chamber 121 a Since the fluid freely flows between and the second chamber 121b, the piston 122 moves following the up and down movement of the ram 7, and no large load acts on the ram 7 from the cylinder 121.
- the solenoid valve 123 switches instantaneously to regulate the flow of the fluid in the fluid pipe 124 and prevent the piston 122 from moving.
- the ram 7 tends to be lifted by the urging force of the spring 11, but since the movement of the piston 122 is restricted, it is possible to avoid inconvenience when the ram 7 collides with the upper end of the saddle 4.
- the weight of the ram 7 is balanced by the spring 11.
- the urging force of the force spring 11 changes according to the amount of deformation thereof.
- a large load acts on the linear motor 10 to make it difficult to move up and down smoothly and quickly, especially near the lower end of the guide 6 where the urging force of the spring 11 is large.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has a means for balancing the weight of an elevating member that moves up and down, such as a ram or a spindle, and a method of dropping or rising the elevating member when power is shut off or the like. And a buffer means for preventing damage to the machine by preventing the machine from being damaged, and the weight balance can be kept constant irrespective of the position of the lifting member.
- the purpose is to provide a device.
- the safety device of the present invention is provided on a machine tool provided with a lifting member that moves up and down by a motor or other driving means.
- a safety device for preventing a member from dropping wherein a piston rod provided above or below the elevating member and movable back and forth is connected to the hydraulic cylinder connected to the elevating member, and a hydraulic cylinder is provided inside the hydraulic cylinder.
- a fluid supply unit for supplying a fluid at a constant pressure to the chamber and the first chamber, wherein the pressure in the first chamber is equal to the pressure of the fluid in the fluid supply unit.
- a first pressure holding means provided with a pressure equalization maintaining means for maintaining the pressure, and a first pressure holding means provided between the pressure equalization maintaining means and the first chamber, for regulating the flow of the fluid when a power interruption or the like occurs.
- Fluid regulating means, and second pressure retaining means for retaining the pressure of the fluid in the second chamber at a constant pressure different from the pressure of the fluid in the first chamber, wherein the pressure of the fluid in the first chamber and the pressure of the fluid in the first chamber are maintained.
- the thrust of the piston which is generated by the difference between the pressure of the fluid in the second chamber and that of the piston, is set to a size corresponding to the weight balance of the lifting member.
- the pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber is always kept constant.
- the thrust of the piston generated by the pressure difference can be set to a size according to the weight balance of the lifting member. Therefore, regardless of the position of the elevating member, the elevating member can always be lifted with a constant force. Further, since the pressure difference has a magnitude corresponding to the weight balance of the elevating member, a smooth and quick operation of elevating the elevating member between the lowest position and the highest position can be realized.
- the fluid regulating means regulates the flow of the fluid in the first chamber so that the piston rod does not move, so that the lifting member such as the ram or the main shaft can be prevented from falling. it can.
- the fluid supply unit may be provided in the machine tool, or may be provided outside the machine tool.
- the fluid supply unit is provided with a pressure adjusting means such as a regulator, and the pressure of the fluid supplied to the first chamber can be adjusted by the pressure adjusting means.
- the thrust of the piston can be adjusted to an appropriate size according to the weight balance of the lifting member. Further, even if the weight of the elevating member changes due to replacement of a tool or the like, the fluid pressure can be adjusted according to the changed weight balance.
- the pressure holding means of the second chamber may be configured as a communication part for communicating the second chamber with the outside air.
- a fluid supply unit may be connected similarly to the first chamber so that the fluid supply unit can maintain a constant pressure.
- the second pressure holding means is provided between the second chamber and a fluid supply unit that supplies a fluid at a constant pressure to the second chamber, and controls the pressure of the second chamber to the fluid. It is preferable to have a pressure equalizing means for maintaining the pressure equal to the pressure of the fluid in the supply unit.
- a second fluid regulating means for regulating the flow of the fluid when a power interruption or the like occurs may be provided between the fluid supply unit and the second chamber.
- the second fluid regulating means it is possible to more reliably stop the elevating member when the power is cut off due to a power failure or the like.
- This configuration is effective when the fluid is a gas such as air.
- a fluid supply unit for supplying a fluid to the first chamber and a fluid supply unit for supplying a fluid to the second chamber may be the same fluid supply unit.
- the pressure of the fluid supplied to the first chamber and the pressure of the fluid supplied to the second chamber may be made different from each other by a pressure adjusting means such as a regulator.
- the fluid supplied to the first chamber and the second chamber is a fluid having large compressibility and expandability, such as a gas such as air
- a fluid having large compressibility and expandability such as a gas such as air
- the first pressure holding means and the equal pressure maintaining means of the Z or second pressure holding means are connected to the inlet connected to the fluid supply unit and to the first chamber and the Z or second chamber.
- a body closes the second passage, opens the first passage, and flows from the inlet to the outlet. The body may flow, and the thrust of the piston may be maintained at a constant value according to the weight balance of the lifting member.
- the elevating member moves up and down by the motor and other driving means. Even if the piston moves in the hydraulic cylinder following the operation, the pressure of the fluid in the first chamber and Z or the second chamber should always be the same as the pressure of the fluid supplied to the fluid supply unit. Can be.
- a fluid recovery means for recovering the fluid discharged from the discharge port may be provided. By doing so, it becomes possible to return the discharged fluid to the fluid supply unit or the like for reuse.
- a machine tool according to the present invention is provided with any one of the above-described safety devices.
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the machine tool of this invention, even if the power supply interruptions, such as a power failure, generate
- the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to always balance the weight with a constant urging force to the elevating member such as the main shaft and the ram, and to perform the smooth motion regardless of the position of the elevating member. It is possible to perform a quick and quick lifting operation.
- the elevating member does not stop at the position where the power was interrupted and falls. It is possible to work safely even during maintenance or inspection without damaging other components.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a machine tool including a safety device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a safety device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the principle of a quick exhaust valve in this embodiment.
- ⁇ 4] is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the safety device of this embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a safety device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a machine tool described in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a machine tool provided with the safety device of the present invention.
- the same members and the same parts as those of the machine tool shown in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.
- a safety device 15 having an air cylinder 151 is provided between the lower end of the saddle 4 and the ram 7. Then, the piston rod 152a of the air cylinder 151, which is movable forward and backward, is connected to the lower end of the ram 7.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the safety device 15.
- the inside of the air cylinder 151 is partitioned into a first chamber 151a and a second chamber 151b by a piston 152 that moves forward and backward together with a piston rod 152a.
- the second chamber 151b communicates with the outside air via a silencer 157 so that the internal pressure thereof is always maintained at the atmospheric pressure.
- the communicating portion (hole) for communicating the second chamber 151b with the outside air constitutes second pressure holding means for keeping the pressure of the air in the second chamber 151b constant (atmospheric pressure). It should be noted that by setting the second pressure holding means to such a communication portion, regardless of the type of fluid supplied to the first chamber 151a, that is, the fluid supplied to the first chamber 151a may be other than air, for example. Even with a liquid such as oil or water, there is an advantage that the pressure in the second chamber 151b can be kept constant at atmospheric pressure. Then, following the movement of the piston 152 accompanying the raising and lowering operation of the ram 7, the air in the outside air enters and exits the second chamber 151b.
- the first chamber 15 la is connected via an air pipe 154 to a tight exhaust valve 155 as pressure equalizing means and an air tank 156 as a fluid supply unit.
- the air tank 156 may be provided on the main body of the machine tool, or may be provided outside the machine tool.
- an electromagnetic valve 153 as a fluid regulating means is provided in an air pipe 154 between the first chamber 15 la and the quick exhaust valve 155.
- the solenoid valve 153 switches when power is cut off due to a power failure or the like, and regulates the flow of air between the quick exhaust valve 155 and the first chamber 151a.
- the pressure of the air stored in the air tank 156 is equal to the pressure of the air in the first chamber 151a.
- the thrust of the piston 152 caused by the difference between the pressure of the ram 7 and the pressure (atmospheric pressure) of the air in the second chamber 151b is a magnitude corresponding to the weight balance of the ram 7.
- the pressure of the air is determined by the force required for the weight balance and the area of the piston 152. For example, when the weight of the ram 7 is S80N and the diameter of the piston 152 is 2 cm (3.14 cm 2 ), the air pressure of the first chamber 151a required for the weight balance with the ram 7 and the second chamber 151b The difference between the air pressure and can be calculated to be 0.26MPa.
- a regulator 156a as a pressure adjusting means in the air tank 156 or the air pipe 154 near the air tank 156, the pressure of the air supplied from the air tank 156 to the first air chamber 151a is reduced. It is possible to adjust the pressure to the optimal pressure for the weight balance.It is also possible to fine-tune the air pressure according to the change in the weight even if the weight of the ram 7 changes due to differences in the tools to be mounted. become.
- the quick exhaust valve 155 has an inlet (in) side connected to an air tank 156 that stores air at a constant pressure, and an outlet (out) side connected to the first chamber 151a via an electromagnetic valve 153. .
- the pressure of the fluid on the outlet (out) side becomes higher than the pressure of the fluid on the inlet (in) side, the air on the outlet (out) side is exhausted, so that the pressure of the air on the first chamber 151a is reduced. Is maintained equal to the pressure of the air supplied from the air tank 156.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the above-described quick exhaust valve 155 and explaining the principle thereof.
- a valve element 155b that moves forward and backward between an inlet (in) side and an exhaust port (ex) side is inserted into the air passage 155a of the quick exhaust valve 155 at an intermediate position.
- the valve element 155b is formed in a substantially truncated cone shape, and fits with a conical seat 155c formed at an intermediate portion of the air flow path 155a.
- the valve body 155b changes the pressure of the air on the inlet (in) side. 155c away from the seat 155c and close the exhaust port. Further, the air flow path 155a is communicated from the inlet (in) side to the outlet (out) side to enable the supply of air to the first chamber 151a. Thus, the pressure of the air in the first chamber 155a is maintained at the same pressure as the air tank 156.
- the quick exhaust valve 155, the air tank 156, and the regulator 156a constitute first pressure holding means for keeping the air pressure in the first chamber 151a constant.
- Step S1 In the normal operation state, when the ram 7 is raised by driving the linear motor 10 (Step S1), the piston 152 is raised accordingly, and the air in the second chamber 151b is exhausted into the outside air (Step S3). .
- the pressure is about to decrease by an amount corresponding to the increase in the internal volume of the first chamber 151a (step S2). Since air is supplied to the first chamber 151a (step S4), the pressure of the air in the first chamber 151a is always kept the same as the pressure of the air in the air tank 156.
- step S11 when the ram 7 is lowered by the driving of the linear motor 10 (step S11), the piston 152 is lowered accordingly, and air is also taken into the second chamber 151b by the outside air pressure (step S13). .
- the pressure in the first chamber 151a is kept the same as the air pressure in the air tank 156 in this case as well.
- the pressure of the air in the first chamber 151a becomes equal to the pressure of the air in the air tank 156, the pressure of the air in the first chamber 151a or the pressure of the air in the air tank 156 falls within a predetermined range.
- the NC device determines whether or not there is any, based on the detection result of a pressure gauge or the like (not shown) (step S5).
- step S6 If the air pressure is out of the specified range, an alarm is generated (step S6), the solenoid valve 153 is switched to a closed state to regulate the air flow to the first chamber 151a, and Stop the operation of the machine tool (Steps S7, S8).
- step S10 When the air pressure is within the specified range, the solenoid valve 153 is kept open (step S10) on the assumption that the power is not cut off (step S9). Thereafter, each time the ram 7 is moved up and down, the operations of steps S1 to S10 are repeated.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of the safety device of the present invention.
- the second chamber 15 lb is connected to an air tank 156 that supplies air at a constant pressure to the first chamber 151a via an air pipe 154 '.
- a quick exhaust valve 155 ' having the same configuration as that of the quick exhaust valve 155 of the first embodiment is provided at an intermediate portion of the air pipe 154', and the quick exhaust valve 155 'and the second chamber 15 lb are provided between the quick exhaust valve 155' and the second chamber 15lb.
- An electromagnetic valve 153 ' having the same configuration as the electromagnetic valve 153 of one embodiment is provided.
- the quick exhaust valve 155 ' functions as a pressure equalizing maintaining means
- the solenoid valve 153' functions as a fluid regulating means.
- the air pipe 154 connected to the first chamber 151a and the air pipe 154 ′ connected to the second chamber 151b are provided with regulators 156a and 156a ′ as pressure adjusting means.
- the thrust of the piston 152 generated due to the difference between the air pressure of the air 151a and the air pressure of the second chamber 151b can be adjusted to an appropriate size according to the weight balance of the ram 7. .
- the quick exhaust valve 155, the air tank 156, and the regulator 156a constitute first pressure holding means for keeping the air pressure in the first chamber 151a constant
- the quick exhaust valve 155 ' And the air tank 156 'and the regulator 156a' constitute second pressure holding means for keeping the air pressure in the second chamber 151b constant.
- the pressure difference between the air in the first chamber 151a and the pressure in the second chamber 151b is determined by the force required to balance the weight with the ram 7 and the area of the piston 152. .
- the safety device of this embodiment is particularly advantageous when the fluid supplied to the first chamber 151a and the second chamber 151b is a fluid having a compressive and expandable nature like air.
- the fluid supplied to the first chamber 151a and the second chamber 151b is a fluid having a compressive and expandable nature like air.
- the fluid in the first chamber 15 la expands and the fluid in the second chamber 15 lb is compressed, and the ram 7 is lifted together with the piston 152.
- the pressure of the air in the first chamber 151a and the second channel 151b to be higher in advance, the amount of air expansion in the first chamber 151a and the amount of air compression in the second chamber 151b can be reduced.
- the moving amount of the ram 7 can be reduced.
- the force described by taking a ram or a spindle as an example of the elevating member is also applicable to other elevating members such as a tool rest.
- the safety device is arranged below the elevating member such as the ram, but the safety device may be arranged above the elevating member.
- the working medium is not limited to a gas that uses a gas other than air as a working medium. It can also be a medium.
- different fluids may be used in the first chamber and the second chamber. For example, a liquid may be supplied to one chamber (for example, the first chamber) and a gas may be supplied to the other chamber (the second chamber).
- a liquid may be supplied to one chamber (for example, the first chamber) and a gas may be supplied to the other chamber (the second chamber).
- a fluid recovery means for recovering the fluid discharged from the quick exhaust valve may be provided. By returning the collected fluid to the fluid supply unit, the fluid can be reused.
- the fluid recovery means can be composed of, for example, a pipe connecting the discharge port of the pressure uniformity maintaining means and the fluid supply unit, and a pump provided in the middle of the pipe.
- the air tank on the side of the first chamber 15 la and the second chamber No. The force that makes the air tank on the 151b side the same The air tank on the first chamber 151a side and the air tank on the 15 lb side may be different!
- the fluid supply unit that supplies fluid of a constant pressure to the first chamber and the second chamber is a tank that stores fluid such as air at a constant pressure. If possible, a pump or the like may be used.
- the present invention can be applied to all kinds of machine tools for raising and lowering elevating members such as a tool rest and a spindle, for example, machine tools such as lathes, drilling machines, milling machines, grinders, electric discharge machines and the like.
- machine tools such as lathes, drilling machines, milling machines, grinders, electric discharge machines and the like.
- the present invention is not limited to the one that raises and lowers the elevating member, and can be applied to all machine tools in which the elevating member may fall due to power interruption.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2004105071A JP2005288592A (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | 工作機械の安全装置及びこの安全装置を備えた工作機械 |
JP2004-105071 | 2004-03-31 |
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WO2005097405A1 true WO2005097405A1 (ja) | 2005-10-20 |
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PCT/JP2005/005389 WO2005097405A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-24 | 工作機械の安全装置及びこの安全装置を備えた工作機械 |
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JP (1) | JP2005288592A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005097405A1 (ja) |
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JP2009148783A (ja) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-07-09 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | ボトル缶製造装置及びボトル缶の製造方法 |
CN102019556A (zh) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-04-20 | 大连华根机械有限公司 | 立柱式金属切削机床 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5303549A (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 1994-04-19 | Cincinnati Milacron Inc. | Counterforce and holding device |
JPH0810961A (ja) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-01-16 | Amada Metrecs Co Ltd | スポット溶接装置 |
JP2001136726A (ja) * | 1999-11-10 | 2001-05-18 | Brother Ind Ltd | リニアモータ駆動の移動装置におけるブレーキ装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH0829446B2 (ja) * | 1986-04-23 | 1996-03-27 | 芦品鉄工株式会社 | 工作機械における送り制御装置 |
IL135056A0 (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 2001-05-20 | Advanced Motion Tech Llc | Motion-imparting apparatus |
JP2002346844A (ja) * | 1999-03-04 | 2002-12-04 | Sodick Co Ltd | 工作機械等の送り装置 |
JP3812731B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-21 | 2006-08-23 | 豊和工業株式会社 | 工作機械のスピンドルヘッド落下防止装置 |
-
2004
- 2004-03-31 JP JP2004105071A patent/JP2005288592A/ja active Pending
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2005
- 2005-03-24 WO PCT/JP2005/005389 patent/WO2005097405A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5303549A (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 1994-04-19 | Cincinnati Milacron Inc. | Counterforce and holding device |
JPH0810961A (ja) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-01-16 | Amada Metrecs Co Ltd | スポット溶接装置 |
JP2001136726A (ja) * | 1999-11-10 | 2001-05-18 | Brother Ind Ltd | リニアモータ駆動の移動装置におけるブレーキ装置 |
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