WO2005096576A1 - ベースバンド信号を生成するための装置および方法、ならびにその方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラム - Google Patents
ベースバンド信号を生成するための装置および方法、ならびにその方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005096576A1 WO2005096576A1 PCT/JP2005/006726 JP2005006726W WO2005096576A1 WO 2005096576 A1 WO2005096576 A1 WO 2005096576A1 JP 2005006726 W JP2005006726 W JP 2005006726W WO 2005096576 A1 WO2005096576 A1 WO 2005096576A1
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- baseband signal
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- communication quality
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- value
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
- H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/35—Unequal or adaptive error protection, e.g. by providing a different level of protection according to significance of source information or by adapting the coding according to the change of transmission channel characteristics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/007—Unequal error protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
- H04L27/14—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
Definitions
- Apparatus and method for generating baseband signal and program for causing computer to execute the method
- the present invention relates to a technology for transmitting data with optimum efficiency according to the communication quality of a transmission path, and more particularly to an apparatus and a method for generating a baseband signal representing a sequence of multi-valued symbols from given data About.
- the data to be transmitted is subjected to FEC (Forward Error Correction). If the bit rate is reduced substantially and the communication quality satisfies this criterion, the FEC will not be applied and the bit rate will be increased substantially.
- FEC Forward Error Correction
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem of the related art, and has been developed in such a manner that a receiving side can restore the data without recognizing whether or not the data to be transmitted has been processed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a baseband signal generation device, a baseband signal generation method, and a program for processing and transmitting the data with appropriate efficiency according to communication quality.
- a baseband signal generation device basically includes data consisting of a bit string, and at least a part of the bit string is a part to be protected.
- Baseband signal generating means for converting data which is distinguished as a baseband signal representing a sequence of four-valued symbols, and a communication quality of an external transmission path for transmitting the baseband signal being a predetermined value.
- communication quality judgment means for judging whether or not the standard has been reached.
- the baseband signal generation unit may be configured to, when it is determined that the communication quality of the transmission path does not reach the standard, at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbols be the protection pair.
- the data operates to convert the data into the baseband signal so as to include the bits belonging to the elephant part and a predetermined redundant bit, and it is determined that the communication quality has reached the standard.
- the data is such that at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of symbols contain bits belonging to the portion to be protected and additional data that is converted with the data into the baseband signal. It operates to convert to the base spanned signal.
- the value of the redundant pit is the maximum or minimum value of the four values at which the instantaneous value of the point representing the symbol containing the redundant bit in the baseband signal can converge. The value is set so that it always converges to.
- the baseband signal generation device is basically a data consisting of a bit string, in which at least a part of the bit string is distinguished as a part to be protected.
- a baseband signal generating means for converting an evening into a baseband signal representing a sequence of multi-valued symbols, and a communication quality of an external transmission path for transmitting the baseband signal reaching a predetermined standard.
- communication quality determination means for determining whether or not there is a communication quality.
- the baseband signal generating means may be configured such that, in a state where the communication quality of the transmission path has not reached the standard, at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbols are protected by the protection.
- the data is converted to the baseband signal so as to include the bit belonging to the target portion and a predetermined redundant bit, and it is determined that the communication quality of the transmission path has reached the standard.
- at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbols include bits belonging to the portion to be protected, and additional data to be converted into the baseband signal together with the data. It operates to convert the data into the base span signal.
- the value of the redundant bit is a minimum value of the difference between the instantaneous values of two points in the baseband signal that include the redundant bit and that represents two symbols having different values from each other. Greater than the minimum value of the difference between the instantaneous values of two points representing two different symbols that do not include redundant pits It is set to a value that makes it easier.
- the basic components are a baseband signal generation unit and a communication quality determination unit.
- the baseband signal generation means converts the data into the base spanned signal such that the better the communication quality of the transmission path, the more symbols including the additional data are. I do.
- the value of the redundant bit is a minimum value of the difference between the instantaneous values of two points in the baseband signal that includes the redundant bit and that represents two symbol having different values from each other. It is set to a value that is larger than the minimum value of the difference between the instantaneous values of two points representing two different symbols that do not include the redundant bit.
- the data is constituted by bits associated with components that can be included in a target represented by the data.
- the bit has the same value as the value of the redundant bit when it indicates that the component associated with the bit does not exist in the target.
- the baseband signal generating means is arranged so that the column of the symbol represented by the baseband signal includes the symbol including the redundant bit or the additional data, the redundant bit and the additional data. Not include the parts that are alternately arranged It converts the data into the baseband signal.
- the data includes a part of a bit sequence obtained by encoding audio, and the additional data includes another part of the bit sequence.
- the data includes a portion of the bit sequence having the highest importance determined based on a predetermined criterion, and the additional data includes the portion having the highest importance of the bit sequence. Also contains lower parts.
- the communication quality determining means measures a strength of a signal transmitted on the transmission path, and determines a communication quality of the transmission path based on the measured signal strength.
- Z or at least a part of the data includes data for error detection of a protection target portion, and the baseband signal generation means outputs a communication quality determination result of the transmission path.
- the data is converted to the baseband signal so that at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbol include the bits constituting the data for error detection and the redundant bits.
- the apparatus may further include a modulating unit that generates a modulated wave using the baseband signal generated by the baseband signal generating unit and sends the modulated wave to the transmission path.
- a modulating unit that generates a modulated wave using the baseband signal generated by the baseband signal generating unit and sends the modulated wave to the transmission path.
- the present invention can be understood as a method of generating a baseband signal.
- the method of generating a baseband signal according to the first aspect of the present invention uses data consisting of a bit string. At least some of the bit strings are classified as protected parts, and converted to baseband signals representing quaternary symbol strings. And a communication quality determining step of determining whether the communication quality of an external transmission path transmitting the baseband signal has reached a predetermined standard.
- the baseband signal generation step in a state where it is determined that the communication quality of the transmission line has not reached the standard, at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbols are protected by the protection.
- the data is converted to the baseband signal so as to include the bit belonging to the target portion and the predetermined redundant bit, and the communication quality of the transmission path is determined to have reached the standard.
- the data is written so that at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbols include bits belonging to the portion to be protected, and additional data that is converted into the baseband signal together with the data.
- a process of converting into a baseband signal is performed.
- the value of the redundant bit may be such that an instantaneous value of a point representing a symbol including the redundant bit in the baseband signal is a maximum value or a minimum value of four values at which the instantaneous value can converge. Set to a value that will always converge to a value
- the method of generating a baseband signal according to the second aspect of the present invention is a method of generating a bit stream, in which at least a part of the bit stream is distinguished as a part to be protected.
- a communication quality determination step of determining whether or not the communication quality is present.
- the transmission In a state where it is determined that the communication quality of the path has not reached the standard, at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbols are bits belonging to the portion to be protected and predetermined redundancy bits. In such a state that the data is converted into the baseband signal and the communication quality of the transmission path is determined to have reached the criterion, at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbol are transmitted.
- a process of converting the data into the baseband signal is performed such that the symbol includes an additional data for converting the data into the baseband signal together with the bits belonging to the protection target portion and the data.
- the value of the redundant bit is a minimum value of the difference between the instantaneous values of two points in the baseband signal that include the redundant bit and that represents two symbols having different values from each other.
- the value is set to be larger than the minimum value of the difference between the instantaneous values of two points representing two different sympols that do not include redundant bits.
- the method for generating a baseband signal according to the third aspect of the present invention includes a baseband signal generation step and a communication quality determination step, as in the generation methods according to the first and second aspects, At least some of the symbols belonging to the baseband signal generation step include bits belonging to the portion to be protected and additional data to be converted into the baseband signal together with predetermined redundant bits or the data.
- a process of converting the data into the baseband signal is performed such that the better the communication quality of the communication path is, the more the symbols including the additional data are.
- the value of the redundant bit represents two symbols in the baseband signal that include the redundant bit and have different values.
- the minimum value of the difference between the instantaneous values of the two points is set to a value that is larger than the minimum value of the difference between the instantaneous values of the two points representing two different symbols that do not include the redundant bit. ing.
- the present invention can also be grasped as a program for causing a computer to execute the baseband signal generation method.
- the program corresponding to the baseband signal generation method according to the first aspect of the present invention is data composed of bit strings, and at least a part of the bit strings is a protection target part.
- a communication quality judgment step for judging whether or not the standard has been reached, and a step for causing a computer to execute.
- the baseband signal generation step executed by the computer in a state where it is determined that the communication quality of the transmission path has not reached the standard, at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbol are included.
- the data is converted into the baseband signal so that the symbol includes the bit belonging to the protection target portion and a predetermined redundant bit, and it is determined that the communication quality of the transmission path has reached the standard.
- at least some of the symbols belonging to the column of the symbols include bits belonging to the portion to be protected, and additional data to be converted together with the data into the baseband signal.
- the data is converted into the baseband signal, and the value of the redundant bit is The instantaneous value of the point in the signal representing the symbol containing the redundant bit is The value is set so that the value always converges to the maximum or minimum value among the four values that can converge.
- the receiving side processes the data so that the receiving side can restore the data without recognizing whether or not the data to be transmitted is processed.
- the data can be transmitted with an appropriate efficiency according to the communication quality.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a voice transmitting / receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the transmission device.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a data structure of vocoder output data.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing for generating vocoder output data.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a process of interleaving the vocoder output data.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of an eye pattern of a baseband signal.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the receiving device.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a process of restoring vocoder output data from a baseband signal.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between communication quality and sound quality when the receiving apparatus of FIG. 7 receives the modulated wave transmitted by the transmitting apparatus of FIG. 2 and reproduces the sound.
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the voice transmitting / receiving system according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, this voice transmission / reception system is configured by transceivers TR 1 and TR 2. The transceivers TR 1 and TR 2 transmit and receive voice between the two via an external transmission line L including an external packet network.
- the transceivers T R1 and T R2 have substantially the same configuration as each other, and each include a transmission device T and a reception device R.
- the transmitting device T of the transceiver TR 1 generates an FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) modulated wave representing sound and transmits the modulated wave to the receiving device R of the transceiver TR 2, and the receiving device R of the transceiver TR 2 The sound is reproduced by receiving this FSK modulated wave.
- the transmitting device T of the transceiver TR2 generates an FSK modulated wave representing voice and transmits it to the receiving device of the transceiver TR1, and the receiving device R of the transceiver TR1 transmits the FSK modulated wave. And play the audio. .
- the transmitting devices T of the transceivers TR1 and TR2 have substantially the same configuration as each other, and the receiving devices R of the transceivers TR1 and TR2 also have substantially the same configuration as each other. ing.
- each of the transceivers TR 1 and TR 2 has a configuration such that the FSK modulated wave transmitted by its own transmitting device T is not received by its own receiving device R.
- the transmitting frequency of the transmitting device T of the transmitting / receiving device TR1 (or TR2) and the receiving frequency of the receiving device R are made different from each other.
- the transceivers TR1 and TR2 shall attach the identification code of the transmission source and / or destination to the FSK modulated wave transmitted by their respective transmission devices T.
- each receiver R treats only the FSK modulated wave with its own identification code as the destination or the FSK modulated wave without its own identification code as the transmission source as the target for sound reproduction.
- each of the transceivers TR 1 and TR 2 stops the operation of receiving the FSK modulated wave by its own receiving device R while its own transmitting device T is transmitting the FSK modulated wave.
- a known mechanism for performing the function of “To Talk” may be provided. (However, in this case, the transceivers TR1 and TR2 perform half-duplex communication between them.)
- the transmitting devices T of the transceivers TR1 and TR2 each include a voice input unit T1, a communication quality determination unit T2, a vocoder unit T3, and an in-leave processing unit. T4, a baseband signal generation unit T5, a modulation unit T6, and a high-frequency output unit T7.
- the audio input unit T1 includes, for example, a microphone, an A / F (Audio Frequency) amplifier, a sampler, an A / D (Analog-to-Digital) converter, and a logic circuit for generating a frame.
- the audio input unit T1 collects audio, generates an analog audio signal representing the audio, amplifies the audio signal, samples the A / D signal, and performs A / D conversion to obtain a digital signal. Generate audio data for Then, the digital audio data is decomposed into a plurality of frames and supplied to the vocoder T3.
- Each frame generated by the voice input unit T1 has a waveform corresponding to one voice piece obtained by dividing the voice collected by the voice input unit T1 at a fixed period (for example, every 20 milliseconds). It consists of audio data to represent.
- the communication quality determination unit T2 determines the quality (communication quality) of the transmission path L, It generates communication quality data indicating the determination result and supplies it to the vocoder unit T3.
- the communication quality determination unit # 2 is, for example, FS ⁇ modulated wave transmitted by the transmission device of the transceiver TR2 if the communication quality determination unit # 2 belongs to the transceiver TR1.
- the communication quality data is generated and supplied as a communication quality data, which indicates whether the measurement result exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- the communication quality judging section 2 may be composed of, for example, a tuning circuit, a high-frequency amplifier circuit, and a comparator. Note that the tuning circuit and the high-frequency amplifier circuit included in the reception device R may perform at least a part of the function of the communication quality determination unit 2.
- the communication quality determination unit # 2 generates the data indicating the measurement result of the FS ⁇ modulated wave intensity as the communication quality data, and more specifically, for example, FS ⁇ measures the intensity of the modulated wave.
- the value is (1) less than a predetermined threshold value Th1; (2) is equal to or more than the threshold value Thl and is less than a predetermined threshold value Th2 having a value larger than the threshold value Thl; or (3) ) It is determined whether or not the threshold value is equal to or greater than the threshold Th2, and data indicating whether any of the determination results matches any of (1) to (3) is generated as communication quality data.
- the vocoder section T3, the interleave processing section T4, and the base-span signal generation section T5 are all executed by a processor such as a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) or a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and executed by this processor. It is composed of a memory for storing programs for A single processor may perform some or all of the functions of the vocoder unit T3, the interleave processing unit T4, and the baseband signal generation unit T5. Also, a part or all of the vocoder unit T3, the interleave processing unit T4, and the baseband signal generation unit T5 The processor that performs the function may further perform the function of the logic circuit for generating the frame of the audio input unit T1.
- the vocoder unit # 3 When a frame is supplied from the voice input unit # 1, the vocoder unit # 3 generates a pocoder output data described later using each of the supplied frames, and The frames are supplied to the interleave processing unit 4 in such a manner that the order of the frames can be specified.
- each frame may be supplied sequentially according to this order, or data indicating the order of the frames may be supplied together with the frames.
- Each vocoder output data has, for example, the data structure shown in Fig. 3, where the most important audio data of 18 bits, the unprotected audio data of 26 bits, and the It contains non-significant data of the network and 5-bit error detection data.
- the most important voice data of the vocoder output data is the vocoder output data—of 62-bit data (hereinafter referred to as coded voice data) obtained by encoding the speech unit represented by the frame used to generate the evening. It consists of 18 bits of the highest auditory significance, identified according to predetermined criteria.
- the unprotected audio data of the vocoder output data is composed of the most important audio data part of the coded audio data and the 26-bit part with the highest auditory importance next to it. Have been.
- the coded audio data is composed of bits corresponding to components (for example, sound pressure pitch) that can be included in the audio, and each of these bits has a value of “0”.
- the component associated with the bit is substantially included in the speech piece represented by the encoded voice data including the bit. It indicates that it does not exist.
- the vocoder unit T3 encodes a speech unit by identifying the perceptual importance of each bit constituting the data obtained as a result of the encoding according to a predetermined criterion. It must be a method that can be assigned to either protected audio data or any of the other. However, as long as such a distribution is possible, the method by which the vocoder unit T3 encodes the speech unit is arbitrary. Specifically, the vocoder unit T3 may perform this encoding using, for example, a technique such as linear prediction encoding. In this case, the vocoder unit T3 may specify the degree of auditory importance according to a well-known criterion as shown in, for example, the second separate volume, p982-984 of Non-Patent Document 1.
- the insignificant data of the vocoder output data is composed of 18 bits of shared data and 5 bits of error detection data protection data. Among them, the value of each bit configuring the data protection data for error detection is "0".
- the value of the shared data changes according to the communication quality of the transmission path L indicated by the communication quality data supplied from the communication quality determining unit T2.
- the shared data is composed of, for example, 18-bit data whose value is "0" when the communication quality has not reached a predetermined standard.
- the criterion for example, of the encoded voice data used for generating the vocoder output data
- the most important voice data and the unprotected voice included in the vocoder output data are included. Excluding the data, it consists of the 18-bit part with the lowest auditory significance.
- the error detection data of the vocoder output data is It consists of a CRC (Cycle Redundancy Check) data that is obtained by using the most important audio data included in the output data and that detects errors in the most important audio data.
- CRC Chip Redundancy Check
- the vocoder unit T3 specifically creates the vocoder output data according to, for example, the procedure shown in FIG. Supply sequentially to 4.
- the vocoder unit T3 first obtains the communication quality data supplied by the communication quality determination unit T2 (FIG. 4, step S1), and measures the intensity of the FSK modulated wave indicated by the communication quality data. Is greater than or equal to the above-mentioned threshold value Th1 (that is, whether or not the above condition (2) or (3) is satisfied) is determined (step S2). Then, when determining that the measured value of the intensity of the FSK modulated wave is equal to or greater than the threshold value Th1, the vocoder unit T3 shifts the processing to step S6.
- Th1 that is, whether or not the above condition (2) or (3) is satisfied
- the vocoder unit T3 determines whether the first one of the frames not yet used for generating the vocoder output data is used. Using this frame, the vocoder output data in which the value of each bit constituting the insignificant data is "0" is generated and supplied to the interleave processing unit T4 (step S3).
- the vocoder unit T3 acquires communication quality data from the communication quality determination unit T2 (step S4), and the measured value of the FSK modulated wave intensity indicated by the communication quality data is used as described above. It is determined whether or not the threshold value is equal to or greater than the threshold value Th2 (that is, whether or not the above condition (3) is satisfied) (step S5). And the vocoder T 3 is FSK modulated If it is determined in step S5 that the measured value of the wave intensity is less than the threshold value Th2, the process returns to step S3.If it is determined that the measured value is equal to or greater than the threshold value Th2, the process proceeds to step S6. Proceed to
- step S6 the pocoder unit T3 generates a Pocoder output data using the first frame among the frames not yet used for generating the vocoder output data, and performs an in-live processing.
- the power is supplied to the section T4 (step S6), and the process returns to step S1.
- step S6 of the encoded audio data generated using the frame the part excluding the part that forms the most important audio data and the unprotected audio data is treated as non-important data.
- the interleave processing unit T4 interleaves the pocoder output data supplied from the vocoder unit T3. Then, the interleaved vocoder output data (hereinafter, referred to as an interleaved frame) is supplied to the baseband signal generation unit T5.
- the interleave processing unit T4 when the interleave processing unit T4 is supplied with the coder output data from the vocoder unit T3, first, based on the vocoder output data, the interleave processing unit T4 outputs 2-bit data corresponding to the symbol in the quaternary FSK. Produce evening. Specifically, the interleave processing unit T4 performs the following processes (A1) to (A3) as shown in, for example, FIG. That is,
- (A 3) The unprotected audio data included in the vocoder output data is decomposed into 13 2-bit data, as shown in FIG. 5 (a). Then, the interleave processing unit T4 outputs a total of 36 2-bit data obtained as a result of the processing of (A1) to (A3), for example, as shown in FIG.
- the two-bit data obtained by the processing of (A1) or (A2) and the two-bit data obtained by the processing of (A3) include a part where they are alternately arranged.
- the signals are supplied to the baseband signal generator T5 in a predetermined order.
- the 2-bit data generated by the interleave processing unit T4 by performing the above-described processing is one in which the lower one digit is "0" for the data obtained from the error detection data and the error protection data protection data. is there. If the value of all bits of the shared data is "0", the least significant digit of the data obtained from the most important voice data and the shared data is "0".
- 2-bit data obtained from unprotected audio data can have either a "0" or "1" in the last one digit.
- the baseband signal generation unit T5 Upon receiving the interleaved frame from the interleave processing unit T4, the baseband signal generation unit T5 receives the interleaved frame.
- the converted frame is converted into a baseband signal in a quaternary root-Nyquist FSK, and this baseband signal is supplied to a modulation unit T6.
- the baseband signal generation unit T5 may input, for example, a signal serving as a marker for identifying a start point and an end point of a portion representing one interleaved frame in the baseband signal. .
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an eye pattern of a baseband signal generated by a baseband signal generation unit T5.
- this baseband signal has a fixed phase point (Nyquist point) within one symbol section (section representing information for one symbol), and the instantaneous value is one of four values. Converge to. Assuming that the four values (hereinafter referred to as “symbol values”) are the second largest value (+1), for example, as shown in Fig. 6, (+3) , (+1), (-1), and (13) are arranged at equal intervals.
- the baseband signal generation unit T5 converts the symbol “0 0” (that is, the 2-bit data having the value “0 0”) included in the interleaved frame into a symbol value. Is converted to a symbol section whose symbol is (-3), the symbol "01” is converted to a symbol section whose symbol value is (1-1), and the symbol "11” is converted to a symbol section (+ 1) is converted into a symbol section, and the symbol "10” is converted into a symbol section whose symbol value is (+3).
- the modulating section T 6 is composed of a known frequency modulating circuit, an oscillating circuit for generating a carrier, and the like, and modulates the frequency of the carrier using the base span signal supplied from the base span signal generating section T 5.
- the obtained FSK (root-Nyquist FSK) modulated wave is supplied to a high-frequency output unit T 7.
- the modulation unit T 6 may also include a processor, a memory that stores a program to be executed by the processor, and the like.
- a processor that performs a part or all of the functions of the voice input unit Tl, the vocoder unit ⁇ 3, the interleave processing unit ⁇ 4, and the baseband signal generation unit ⁇ 5 additionally has the function of the modulation unit ⁇ 6. It may be performed.
- the high-frequency output unit # 7 includes a high-frequency amplifier circuit, an antenna, and the like.
- the high-frequency output unit # 7 amplifies the modulated wave supplied from the modulation unit # 6 and transmits the amplified wave to the transmission line L.
- the transmitting device ⁇ performs the above-described operation, thereby collecting sound by itself. Generates and transmits an FSK modulated wave having root Nyquist characteristics that represents the converted voice.
- the symbol represented by the baseband signal of the FSK modulated wave is a first type symbol representing the most important part of the encoded voice data, and a second kind representing the error detection data of the most important part of the encoded voice data. Symbol and a third type of symbol representing a part other than the most important part of the encoded voice data. Then, the symbol value of the symbol section representing the second type of symbol is the maximum value or the minimum value of the four possible symbol values of the symbol section of the baseband signal. When the communication quality of the transmission line L does not satisfy the predetermined criterion, the symbol value of the symbol section representing the first kind of symbol is also the maximum value or the minimum value of the four possible values. .
- the encoded audio data has the highest quality.
- the number of possible symbol values is two, but the interval between symbol values is substantially As a result, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved.
- the transmitting apparatus T of the present embodiment described above has a baseband so that a symbol section representing a first type of symbol and a symbol section representing a third type of symbol are alternately arranged.
- the first type of symbol of high importance is dispersed in the baseband signal. For this reason, even if the transmitted modulated wave is affected by fading or the like, there is little danger that a large number of the first type symbols of high importance are collectively lost.
- the first type of symbol includes, in addition to the most important part of the encoded voice data, It is set to represent the contents of the lower part. For this reason, when the communication quality of the transmission line L is good, the bit rate of voice transmission is substantially increased, and transmission is performed in an appropriate mode according to the communication quality.
- the value of the bit added to the most important part of the encoded voice data to generate the first type of symbol is the same as the value when the bits making up the encoded voice data indicate that a specific component is not present in the speech unit.
- a device that receives the FSK modulated wave transmitted by the transmitting device T (for example, the receiving device R of the present embodiment) is the most important component of the encoded voice data in order to generate the first type of symbol.
- the bit added to the part may be used unconditionally to represent the contents of the least important part of the coded audio data and used for audio reproduction. There is no need to determine whether it represents the type of information.
- the receiving devices R of the transceivers TR 1 and TR 2 each include a high-frequency input unit R 1, a demodulation unit R 2, and a symbol decision unit as shown in FIG. It comprises a section R3, a dinter leave processing section R4, an audio data restoring section R5, and an audio output section R6.
- the high-frequency input section R 1 is composed of an antenna, a tuning circuit, and a high-frequency amplifier circuit.
- the modulated wave is received from the transmission line L, amplified, and supplied to the demodulation unit R2.
- one antenna included in the transceiver TR1 or TR2 has the function of the antenna of the high-frequency input unit R1 of the transceiver and the function of the antenna of the high-frequency output unit T7 of the transceiver. You may.
- the demodulation unit R2 is composed of a known detection circuit for detecting a frequency modulation wave, and recovers a baseband signal by detecting the FSK modulation wave supplied from the high frequency input unit R1. Then, the restored baseband signal is supplied to the symbol determination unit R3.
- the demodulation unit R2 may include a processor, a memory for storing a program to be executed by the processor, and the like.
- Each of the symbol determination unit R 3, the interleave processing unit R 4, and the audio data restoration unit R 5 includes a processor, a memory for storing a program to be executed by the processor, and the like. Note that a single processor may perform some or all of the functions of the symbol determination unit R3, the interleaving unit R4, and the audio data restoration unit R5. In addition, a processor that performs part or all of the functions of the demodulation unit R1 and the transmission device T further performs part or all of the functions of the symbol determination unit R3, the interleave processing unit R4, and the audio data restoration unit R5. It may be performed.
- the symbol determination unit R3 determines each of the baseband signals supplied from the demodulation unit R2 based on the instantaneous value at each Nyquist point.
- the symbol corresponding to the symbol section including the Nyquist point is determined, and based on the determination result, data corresponding to the interleaved frame generated by the interleave processing unit T4 of the transmitting device T (FIG. 8 (b)).
- the generated data is supplied to the dinosaur leave processing unit: 4.
- the instantaneous value of the baseband signal at the Nyquist point is determined by the symbol determination unit R3. It is greater than or equal to the first threshold (Th +), greater than or equal to the second threshold (Th0) and less than () Th +), or greater than or equal to the third threshold (Th-) and less than (Th0) , Or is less than (T h—).
- the value of (T h +) is more than (+1) and less than (+3)
- the value of (T h O) is more than (— 1) and less than (+1)
- (T h— The value of) shall be greater than (13) and less than (11). Therefore, specifically, if the value of (T h +) is, for example, (+2), the value of (T h O) is, for example, (0), and the value of (T h—) is, for example, (1 2), Good.
- the symbol determination unit R3 determines that the instantaneous value of the baseband signal at the Nyquist point is equal to or greater than (Th +), the symbol value of the symbol section including the Nyquist point is (+3). Yes (Fig. 8 (a)), and therefore, it is determined that the symbol section represents the symbol "10".
- the symbol value of the symbol section including the Nyquist point is (+1), and accordingly, the symbol section is the symbol “1 1”. Is determined. If it is determined that the value is not less than (T h—) and less than (T h O), the symbol value of the symbol section including the Nyquist point is ( ⁇ 1), and therefore the symbol section is the symbol “0 1”. Is determined. If it is determined that the value is less than (T h—), the symbol value of the symbol section including the Nyquist point is (13), and Therefore, it is determined that the symbol section represents the symbol "0 0”.
- the symbol determination unit R3 determines the sequence of these symbols as data corresponding to one reproduced interleaved frame, and sets the symbol sequence as data corresponding to one reproduced interleaved frame. Supply to processing unit R4.
- the interleave processing unit R4 restores the vocoder output data using the interleaved frame, assuming that the data supplied from the symbol determination unit R3 is an incomplete frame. You. Then, the restored vocoder output data is supplied to the audio data restoring unit R5.
- (B3) The 18-bit data consisting of 18 pieces of lower 1-bit data separated in the processing of (B2) is shared data of non-critical data.
- one coded audio data file consists of a portion excluding the unprotected audio data specified in the process (a) and the most important audio data specified in the process (B 2). ).
- the audio data restoring unit R5 obtains the data corresponding to the vocoder output data supplied from the interleave processing unit R4, and removes an erroneous bit from the most important audio data included in this data.
- the data is detected using the error detection data included in the evening, and a predetermined bad frame masking process is performed on the detected bit.
- the above-described bad frame masking process changes an erroneous bit to the same value as that of a bit immediately before the bit or at a position satisfying a predetermined condition. Any processing may be used. Alternatively, the value of the erroneous bit may be replaced by a predetermined rule before and after the bit.
- the process may be changed.
- the value of the erroneous bit is changed to a value indicating that the component associated with the bit is absent or discarded (for example, “0” in the example of the vocoder output data generated by the transmitting device T described above). ") Or other processing for changing to a predetermined value.
- the audio data restoration unit R5 outputs the most important audio data included in the vocoder output data for which the error detection of the most important audio data (and, if an error is detected, further pad frame masking processing) is completed.
- the encoded audio data composed of the unprotected audio data and the unimportant data is converted into digital audio data representing the waveform of the audio indicated by the encoded audio data by a known method, and the audio output unit Supply to R 6.
- a look-up table that describes the correspondence between codes constituting the encoded audio data and audio data, and an audio data database are stored in advance.
- the voice data corresponding to the code in the coded voice data is identified, and the specified voice data is read out from a database or the like and combined with each other. Conceivable.
- the bits forming one symbol together with the bits in the most important audio data are the bits that constitute the least important part of the encoded audio data, or , A bit with a value indicating that a particular component in the speech unit is absent.
- the receiving apparatus R unconditionally associates the data specified in the above process (B 3) with the data representing the content of the least important part of the encoded audio data. In other words, it is not necessary to determine what kind of data this data is.
- the audio output unit R6 includes, for example, a D / A (Digital-to-Analog) comparator, an A / F amplifier, a speaker, and the like.
- the audio output unit R6 When audio data in digital format is supplied from the audio data restoration unit R5, the audio output unit R6 generates an analog audio signal by, for example, performing DZA conversion on the audio data.
- the audio signal is amplified, and the speaker is driven by the amplified audio signal, thereby reproducing the audio represented by the audio signal.
- the receiving apparatus R receives the FSK modulated wave transmitted by the transmitting apparatus T and the like, and reproduces the sound represented by the FSK modulated wave.
- the FSK modulated wave transmitted by the transmitting device T is a symbol representing error detection data of the most important part of the encoded voice data (if the communication quality of the transmission path L does not satisfy a predetermined criterion, Furthermore, the number of possible symbolic values of the symbol indicating the most important part) is two, while the interval between symbolic values is substantially expanded. Therefore, the receiving device R can satisfactorily restore these symbols.
- the FSK modulation further represents the content of the least important part of the encoded audio data. The receiving device R can also use this part for sound reproduction.
- the receiving device R receives the FSK modulated wave transmitted from the transmitting device T or the like and reproduces the sound, for example, the sound characteristics as shown by the graph P in FIG. 9 are obtained.
- the graph P 1 in FIG. The most important part of the coded voice data and the data for error detection of the coded voice data have a symbol value of (+3) or (13) by the above procedure of adding redundant bits uniformly regardless of the communication quality.
- 7) is a graph showing the relationship between communication quality and sound quality when the symbol is converted to a symbol.
- the graph P2 shows that the bits forming the most important part and the bits forming the least important part of the coded audio data are converted into one symbol by the above-described procedure regardless of the communication quality.
- 7 is a graph showing the relationship between communication quality and sound quality when expressed as.
- this audio transmission / reception system performs audio transmission by a method that can obtain the optimal audio quality according to the communication quality.
- the configuration of the voice transmitting / receiving system is not limited to the above-described configuration.
- a portion configured by a processor may be configured by a dedicated electronic circuit instead of the processor.
- the number of bits of the above-described various data representing voice and the data for error detection are arbitrary.
- the data for error correction data protection also starts with the least significant bit of the encoded voice data.
- the rules for the vocoder unit T3 to encode the speech are arbitrary, and the coder unit T3 also adds FEC (Forward Error Correction) to the encoded speech. May be performed.
- the error detection data does not necessarily need to be composed of a CRC code, and may be created by a checksum, a parity code, or any other method. Alternatively, an error correction code may be used instead of the error detection data.
- the vocoder unit T3 described above determines the number of bits of the component of the speech coded data included in the shared data as long as the communication quality of the transmission path L indicated by the communication quality data has reached a predetermined standard.
- the number of bits is the same as the number of bits of the most important audio data, and if it does not reach it, it is set to 0, and so on.
- the vocoder unit T3 determines the number of bits of the component of the audio coded data included in the shared data as the communication quality of the transmission path L is better (for example, in the above example, the communication quality data is smaller). (The greater the intensity of the FSK modulated wave shown), the more it may be changed in three or more steps. In this case, the Pocoder T3. The value of the remaining bits that do not represent the component of the encoded audio data in the shared data may be set to a value (“0” in the above example) indicating the absence of a specific component of the audio.
- the data to be transmitted does not necessarily have to represent voice, and is arbitrary as long as it can be represented as a sequence of codes. Therefore, for example, data representing an image may be used.
- the vocoder T 3 What part of the data to be transmitted is treated as the most important part (or the least important part) may be determined according to any criteria.
- the audio input unit T1 may acquire data to be transmitted by an arbitrary method.
- the audio input unit T1 may be a USB (Universal Serial Bus), an IEEE 1394 or an Ethernet (registered trademark). It is also possible to obtain data transmitted serially from the outside via a serial interface or the like, assuming that a serial interface circuit is provided.
- the audio input unit T1 is provided with a recording medium drive device such as a CD (Compact Disc) -R ⁇ M (Read Only Memory) drive, and the data is transmitted from a recording medium on which data to be transmitted is recorded. You may make it read.
- CD Compact Disc
- R ⁇ M Read Only Memory
- the baseband signal may represent a symbol having more than four values.
- the symbol value of a symbol obtained by adding redundant bits to data to be transmitted does not necessarily have to be the maximum value or the minimum value of a plurality of possible values, and two different symbol values are required. It is only necessary that the minimum value of the difference between the symbol values of the symbols is larger than the minimum value when the symbol is generated without adding redundant bits.
- the symbol represented by the baseband signal is not necessarily the symbol value. It is not necessary to define a sequence of Gray codes when are arranged in the order of high (or low).
- the modulated wave transmitted and received between the transmitting device T and the receiving device R does not necessarily have to be an FSK modulated wave having a root Nyquist characteristic, and for example, has a Gaussian characteristic or any other characteristic. Good.
- the modulated wave is generated by the baseband signal generated by the baseband signal generator T5. Any signal may be used as long as the signal represents some form, and therefore, for example, a PSK (Phase Shift Keying) modulated wave may be used.
- the method by which the communication quality determination unit T2 determines the communication quality of the transmission path L is arbitrary.For example, the data transmitted on the transmission path L is obtained, and the EVM (Error Vector Magnitude), BER (Bit Error Rate) or any other parameter indicating data quality may be specified, and communication quality data may be created based on this parameter.
- EVM Error Vector Magnitude
- BER Bit Error Rate
- the symbol determination unit R3 of the receiving apparatus R uses a single threshold value for a section representing a symbol to which a redundant bit is added, and determines that the symbol value between the sections is binary (4 (The maximum value or the minimum value among the values) may be determined.
- the transmission line L does not necessarily need to have a packet network, and the transceivers TR1 and TR2 may directly transmit and receive the modulated wave between them (that is, the transmission line L transmits electromagnetic waves. It may be a propagation space, or it may be a communication line that directly connects the transceiver TR1 to the transceiver TR2). Alternatively, the transmission path L may be configured by a network such as the Internet.
- the baseband signal generating apparatus according to the present invention can be realized using a normal computer system without using a dedicated system.
- a recording medium (CD-R ⁇ M) storing a program for causing a computer having a microphone, an AF amplifier, a sampler, an A / comparator, and a high-frequency amplifier circuit to execute the above-described operation of the transmission device T , Flexible disk, etc.)
- a recording medium (CD) storing a program for causing a computer having a speed, an AF amplifier, a D / A converter, a high-frequency amplifier circuit, and the like to execute the operation of the receiving device R described above.
- one computer may have at least some of the functions of the transmitting device T and at least some of the functions of the receiving device R.
- these programs may be uploaded to the BBS of a communication line and distributed via the communication line.
- a carrier wave is modulated by a signal representing these programs, and the obtained modulated wave May be transmitted, and a device that receives the modulated wave may demodulate the modulated wave to restore the program.
- the program excluding the part is stored in the recording medium. May be. Also in this case, in the present invention, it is assumed that the recording medium stores a program for executing each function or step executed by the computer.
- a baseband signal generation device that processes the data so that the receiving side can recover the data without recognizing the data, and operates to transmit the data at an appropriate efficiency according to the communication quality.
- the baseband signal generation device of the present invention can be widely used in a voice communication system.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
- Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
- Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2005800175838A CN1961552B (zh) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | 用于生成基带信号的装置和方法 |
DE05728638T DE05728638T1 (de) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | Einrichtung und verfahren zum erzeugen eines basisbandsignals und programm zur bewirkung, dass ein computer das verfahren ausführt |
EP05728638A EP1734710A4 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A BASE BAND SIGNAL AND A PROGRAM USING THE METHOD AT THE COMPUTER |
US10/594,984 US7823047B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | Device and method for generating a base band signal and program causing computer to execute the method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004107774A JP4230953B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | ベースバンド信号生成装置、ベースバンド信号生成方法及びプログラム |
JP2004-107774 | 2004-03-31 |
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WO2005096576A1 true WO2005096576A1 (ja) | 2005-10-13 |
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PCT/JP2005/006726 WO2005096576A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-30 | ベースバンド信号を生成するための装置および方法、ならびにその方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラム |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US7823047B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1734710A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4230953B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1961552B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE05728638T1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2375830C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005096576A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1955519A2 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2008-08-13 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for supporting voice over ip services over a cellular wireless communication network |
Families Citing this family (2)
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JP4497534B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-21 | 2010-07-07 | 株式会社ケンウッド | 無線通信装置及び無線通信方法 |
JP5760585B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-29 | 2015-08-12 | 富士通株式会社 | ストレージシステムおよび異常発生箇所判定方法 |
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EP0933768A4 (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 2000-10-04 | Sanyo Electric Co | DIGITAL MODULATION AND DEMODULATION |
JPH10336147A (ja) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-18 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Cdma送受信装置および送信レート可変方法 |
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JP3205723B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-12 | 2001-09-04 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Cdma用データ伝送方法及び装置 |
US6535497B1 (en) * | 1998-05-11 | 2003-03-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Methods and systems for multiplexing of multiple users for enhanced capacity radiocommunications |
EP0984596A1 (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-08 | Sony International (Europe) GmbH | Adpative PSK system and timing offset compensation circuit |
CA2418722C (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2012-02-07 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Modulating one or more parameters of an audio or video perceptual coding system in response to supplemental information |
US6684366B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-01-27 | Arraycomm, Inc. | Multi-rate codec with puncture control |
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JP2004288283A (ja) * | 2003-03-20 | 2004-10-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 情報記録フォーマット、情報記録再生符号化方法・回路およびこれを用いた磁気ディスク記録再生装置、情報記録再生装置、並びに情報通信装置 |
JP4388366B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-26 | 2009-12-24 | 株式会社ケンウッド | 送信装置、受信装置、データ送信方法、データ受信方法及びプログラム |
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2004
- 2004-03-31 JP JP2004107774A patent/JP4230953B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
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- 2005-03-30 EP EP05728638A patent/EP1734710A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-30 WO PCT/JP2005/006726 patent/WO2005096576A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-03-30 RU RU2006138219/09A patent/RU2375830C2/ru active
- 2005-03-30 US US10/594,984 patent/US7823047B2/en active Active
- 2005-03-30 CN CN2005800175838A patent/CN1961552B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-30 DE DE05728638T patent/DE05728638T1/de active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1734710A1 (en) | 2006-12-20 |
DE05728638T1 (de) | 2007-08-02 |
JP2005295225A (ja) | 2005-10-20 |
CN1961552B (zh) | 2010-06-16 |
RU2375830C2 (ru) | 2009-12-10 |
US7823047B2 (en) | 2010-10-26 |
CN1961552A (zh) | 2007-05-09 |
JP4230953B2 (ja) | 2009-02-25 |
EP1734710A4 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
US20080253475A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
RU2006138219A (ru) | 2008-05-10 |
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