WO2005094570A1 - 不飽和脂肪酸含量の増加したトランスジェニック魚類 - Google Patents
不飽和脂肪酸含量の増加したトランスジェニック魚類 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005094570A1 WO2005094570A1 PCT/JP2005/005688 JP2005005688W WO2005094570A1 WO 2005094570 A1 WO2005094570 A1 WO 2005094570A1 JP 2005005688 W JP2005005688 W JP 2005005688W WO 2005094570 A1 WO2005094570 A1 WO 2005094570A1
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- fatty acid
- fish
- acid desaturase
- gene
- desaturase gene
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/85—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
- C12N15/8509—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells for producing genetically modified animals, e.g. transgenic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2217/00—Genetically modified animals
- A01K2217/05—Animals comprising random inserted nucleic acids (transgenic)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2227/00—Animals characterised by species
- A01K2227/40—Fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2267/00—Animals characterised by purpose
- A01K2267/02—Animal zootechnically ameliorated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fish whose unsaturated fatty acid content has been increased by introducing a fatty acid desaturase gene, and a method of producing these fish having an increased unsaturated fatty acid content.
- n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid ( ⁇ , 20: 5 ⁇ -3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22: 6 ⁇ -3) )
- HUFA n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
- ⁇ , 20: 5 ⁇ -3 eicosapentaenoic acid
- DHA docosahexaenoic acid
- transgenic fish can be produced by methods such as particle cancer irradiation (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 29). While all of these methods have facilitated transgene delivery in some fish species, appropriate methods must be selected for each species (see, eg, Non-Patent Document 22). In order to improve the growth rate, disease resistance, and adaptability to extreme environmental conditions, the application of transgenic technology has been established by fish species (for example, see Non-Patent Documents 21 and 30).
- Non-Patent Document 32 The function of rHKII and hGluTl No direct evidence has been observed (eg, see Non-Patent Document 32).
- a ⁇ 6-unsaturated enzyme-like gene isolated from yamame salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) was introduced into zebrafish to modify the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway.
- This ⁇ 6 desaturase gene is generally considered to be the rate-limiting step in HUFA biosynthesis, so it was reported that it was the first target, and only ⁇ (eg, non- See Patent Documents 33 and 34).
- Non-Patent Document 1 Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 54: 438-463, 1991
- Non-Patent Document 2 Nutrition, 16: 143-145, 2000
- Non-Patent Document 3 Nutrition, 16: 680-684, 2000
- Non-Patent Document 4 Prog. Lipid Res, 40: 1-94, 2001
- Non-Patent Document 5 Nutrition, 18: 178-188, 2002.
- Non-Patent Document 6 Proc.Nutr. Soc, 58: 377-383, 1999
- Non-Patent Document 7 Aquaculture (In Press). 2002
- Non-Patent Document 8 J. World Aquacult.Soc, 24: 152-161, 1993
- Non-Patent Document 9 J. Appl.IchthyoL, 11: 183-198, 1995
- Non-Patent Document 10 Aquaculture, 179: 217-229, 1999
- Non-patent literature ll Aquaculture, 200: 203-222, 2001
- Non-Patent Document 12 Biochim.Biophys.Acta, 1299: 235-244, 1996.
- Non-Patent Document 13 Prog.Lipid Res., 37: 73-117, 1998.
- Non-Patent Document 14 Biochim.Biophys.Acta, 1486: 219-231, 2000
- Non-Patent Document 15 Biochem.Physiol, 116B: 263-267, 1997
- Non-Patent Document 16 FEBS Letters, 431: 1-6, 1998
- Non-Patent Document 17 Biochim.Biophys.Acta, 1486: 219-231, 2000.
- Non-Patent Document 18 J. Biol. Chem., 276: 31561-31566
- Non-Patent Document 19 Transgenic Res., 9: 305-320, 2000.
- Non-Patent Document 20 Biochemistry and molecular biology of fishes, vol.2., Pp:
- Non-Patent Document 21 Aquaculture, 197: 191-204, 2001
- Non-Patent Document 22 Suisanzoshoku, 49: 137-142, 2001
- Non-Patent Document 23 Cell Differen., 19: 237-244, 1986.
- Non-Patent Document 24 Aquaculture, 51: 143-150, 1986
- Non-Patent Document 25 Mol.Mar.Biol.BiotechnoL, 1: 301-308, 1992
- Non-Patent Document 26 Aquaculture, 173: 297-307, 1999
- Non-Patent Document 27 Science, 265: 666-668, 1994a
- Non-patent Document 28 Pro Natl.Acad.Sci. USA., 93: 7777-7782, 1996.
- Non-Patent Document 29 FEBS Letters, 287: 118-120, 1991.
- Non-patent document 30 Aquaculture, 204: 255-269, 2002
- Non-Patent Document 31 Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun., 223: 650-653, 1996.
- Non-patent document 32 Aquaculture, 173: 319-332, 1999a
- Non-Patent Document 33 Prog.Lipid Res., 20: 13-22, 1981.
- Non-Patent Document 34 J. Biol. Chem., 274: 471-477, 1999
- transgenic animals having an increased amount of unsaturated fatty acid in the animals for example, see Patent Document 1
- Anacystis genus that desaturates the ⁇ 9 position of fatty acids bound to lipids A method for producing a higher plant cell into which a gene encoding a ⁇ 9 desaturase derived from an animal has been introduced (for example, see Patent Document 2), a ⁇ 5-fatty acid desaturase derived from an isolated animal and a functional part thereof ( For example, see Patent Document 3) and a method for producing stearidonic acid in plant seeds, the method comprising adding a promoter functional in plant seed cells, ⁇ 6-unsaturated to the plant genome.
- Growing a plant that incorporates a DNA sequence that encodes the enzyme and a first DNA construct that contains a functional transcription termination region in the plant seed in the 5 ′ ⁇ 3 ′ transcription direction; Eg, see Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-245070
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11 332408
- Patent Document 3 JP-T-Hei 14 508932
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Publication No. 14-517255
- An object of the present invention is to modify the fatty acid metabolic pathway of fish to reduce the cost of using a fish oil containing EPA or DHA in a compound feed for marine fish. It can be used as a vegetable oil or tallow, which is easy to control in quality, and it can be used as a judge, which greatly contributes to the reduction of cost and labor at the seed and seedling production site, and has a high vitality, such as fish showing handling resistance, low temperature resistance, It is an object of the present invention to provide a production method, a fish containing a high level of DHA as a functional food, and a production method.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a fish in which the content of unsaturated fatty acids is increased!], Which is encoded by a foreign gene to introduce a phenotype! Efficient transcription is one of the important factors (Hacket, 1993; Houdebine, 2000), so the first step is to select an appropriate construct that allows expression of the ⁇ 6 desaturase-like gene. did.
- Danio rerio (Westerfield, 1995; Gong, 1999) is a teleostean zebrafish that has several advantages, including a relatively short generation time of a few months, a large number of eggs, and easy breeding. ) was selected as a model fish.
- the present invention relates to (1) transgenic fish having an increased unsaturated fatty acid content due to expression of the fatty acid desaturase gene into which the fatty acid desaturase gene has been introduced, and (2) fatty acids.
- the transgenic fish described in (1) or (2) above, wherein (4) the fatty acid desaturase gene is one of the following (A)-(F): The transgenic fish according to any one of (1) to (3) above, which is a gene having a nucleotide sequence.
- (A) a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2;
- (C) a base sequence consisting of an amino acid sequence having at least 60% homology with the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 and encoding a protein having a fatty acid desaturase activity;
- the present invention relates to the transgenic fish according to any one of the above (1) to (5).
- the present invention not only can greatly contribute to the reduction of cost and labor at a seed and seedling production site, but also can produce larvae and larvae exhibiting high vigor, drowning resistance, and low temperature resistance.
- fish oil containing EPA and DHA as a compound feed for vegetation, and vegetable oils or tallow, which are cheaper and easier to control in quality, can be used.
- fish produced according to the present invention contain more DHA than normal individuals, the production of fish with added value as a health food using a closed-circulation onshore aquaculture system is carried out.
- it has become a very useful research tool for elucidating the mechanism of fatty acid metabolism in fish at the molecular level, and has made an extremely significant contribution to the field. High,.
- the transgenic fish of the present invention are particularly limited as long as they have a fatty acid desaturase gene introduced therein and have an increased unsaturated fatty acid content due to the expression of the fatty acid desaturase gene.
- the origin of the above-mentioned fatty acid desaturase gene is not particularly limited, for example, animal origin, plant origin, etc., but ⁇ 4 fatty acid desaturase gene, ⁇ 5 fatty acid desaturase gene, ⁇ 6 fatty acid unsaturated gene
- Fatty acid desaturase genes such as an enzyme gene can be suitably exemplified, and these can be used alone or in multiples.
- the powerful ⁇ 4 fatty acid desaturase gene, ⁇ 5 fatty acid desaturase gene, and ⁇ 6 fatty acid desaturase gene also count the carbon (delta-end) power of the terminal carboxyl group of fatty acids, These unsaturated fatty acid desaturase genes, derived from freshwater fish and plankton, have an adverse effect on the normal development and function of fish.
- a microalga-derived ⁇ 4 fatty acid desaturase gene (Tonon, ⁇ ., Harvey, D., Larson, ⁇ .R., and Graham, IA Identification of a very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid) acid ⁇ 4—desaturase from the microalga Pavlova lutheri.FEBS Lett. 553, 440-444 (2003).), and ⁇ 5 fatty acid desaturation from Atlantic salmon
- the ⁇ 6 fatty acid desaturase gene that can be preferably used includes ( ⁇ ) a base encoding the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 (the amino acid sequence of legume-derived ⁇ 6 fatty acid desaturase). Sequence; ( ⁇ ) a base sequence comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 in which one or several amino acids have been deleted, substituted or added, and encoding the amino acid sequence having fatty acid desaturase activity (C) a base sequence encoding an amino acid sequence having at least 60% homology with the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 and encoding an amino acid sequence having a fatty acid desaturase activity; No.
- nucleotide sequence encoding a protein having fatty acid desaturase activity is not particularly limited as long as it is a gene consisting of any of the following nucleotide sequences; here, the “nucleotide sequence encoding a protein having a fatty acid desaturase activity” , A nucleotide sequence that encodes a protein that is involved in some way in the production of unsaturated fatty acids in fish, and the specific mechanism of action is not particularly limited.
- amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted or added is, for example, 110, preferably 115, more preferably 110, and still more preferably 110 115 means an amino acid sequence in which an arbitrary number of 15 amino acids have been deleted, substituted or added.
- base sequence in which one or several bases are deleted, substituted or added is, for example, 120, preferably 115, more preferably 110, and still more preferably 110. It means a nucleotide sequence in which an arbitrary number of 15 bases has been deleted, substituted or added.
- a DNA (mutated DNA) comprising a base sequence in which one or several bases are deleted, substituted or added is known to those skilled in the art such as chemical synthesis, genetic engineering techniques, and mutagenesis.
- Site-directed mutagenesis which is one of the genetic engineering techniques, is a technique that can introduce a specific mutation at a specific position, and is a powerful technique.
- Molecular Cloning A laboratory Mannuai, 2nd Ed., Old Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY., 1989.
- amino acid sequence having at least 60% homology with the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 means that the homology with the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 is 60% or more. Not particularly limited, for example, 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, further preferably 90% or more, particularly preferably 95% or more, and most preferably 98% or more. Means that.
- the "base sequence that hybridizes under stringent conditions” refers to a nucleic acid such as DNA or RNA as a probe, which can be obtained by colony 'hybridization method, plaque hybridization method, Alternatively, it refers to a base sequence obtained by using the Southern blot hybridization method or the like.Specifically, it is determined by using a filter on which DNA derived from colonies or plaques or a fragment of the DNA is immobilized. 7-1. After performing the hybridization at 65 ° C in the presence of OM NaCl, 0.1 to 2 times the SSC solution (The composition of the 1x concentration SSC solution is 150 mM salt. And DNA that can be identified by washing the filter under the conditions of 65 ° C. using a sodium chloride solution (15 mM sodium citrate). Hybridization can be performed according to the method described in Molecular Cloning, 2nd edition, etc.
- DNAs that can hybridize under stringent conditions include DNAs having a certain degree of homology with the base sequence of the DNA used as a probe, for example, 60% or more, preferably Is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, further preferably 90% or more, particularly preferably 95% or more, and most preferably 98% or more homologous DNA.
- the method for obtaining or preparing the gene of the present invention is not particularly limited, and an appropriate probe based on the amino acid sequence or base sequence information shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 2 disclosed herein.
- a primer can be prepared, and the target gene can be isolated by screening a cDNA library in which the gene is predicted to be present using the primer or primer, or can be prepared by chemical synthesis according to a conventional method.
- a cDNA library is prepared from the beans from which the gene of the present invention has been isolated in accordance with a conventional method, and then an appropriate probe specific to the gene of the present invention is prepared from this library.
- an appropriate probe specific to the gene of the present invention is prepared from this library.
- the desired clone to obtain the gene of the present invention. it can.
- the source of the above-mentioned cDNA include various cells or tissues derived from the above-mentioned plants, isolation of total RNA from these cells or tissues, isolation and purification of mRNA, acquisition of cDNA and its closing, etc. Can be carried out according to a conventional method.
- Methods for screening the gene of the present invention as much as possible in a cDNA library include, for example, methods commonly used by those skilled in the art, such as the method described in Molecular Cloning, 2nd edition.
- the mutant gene or homologous gene of the present invention comprising the base sequence shown in any of the above is the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a part thereof.
- the DNA fragment can be isolated from other organisms or the like by screening the homologue of the DNA under appropriate conditions. Alternatively, it can be prepared by the above-described method for producing a mutant DNA.
- the unsaturated fatty acid produced by the fatty acid desaturase expressed in the fish body varies depending on the type of the fatty acid desaturase used and the type of the fatty acid substrate, but docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) can be suitably exemplified.
- DHA docosahexaenoic acid
- EPA eicosapentaenoic acid
- DHA 22: 6n-3) ⁇ EPA (20: 5n-3), LNA (18: 3n-3), OTA ( 18: 4n -3), ETA (20: 4n-3), DPA (22: 5n-3), TPA (24: 5n-3), THA (24: 6n-3), linoleic acid (18: 2n-3) 6), ⁇ -linolenic acid (18: 3n-6), eicosatrienoic acid (20: 3n-6), arachidonic acid (20: 4 ⁇ -6), docosapentaenoic acid (22: 5 ⁇ -6) and the like.
- the fish of the present invention having an increased unsaturated fatty acid content may be any fish that expresses the introduced fatty acid desaturase gene and thereby increases the unsaturated fatty acid content in the body. It may have the fatty acid desaturase gene or may not have it at all, but it can be used in edible parts such as fish, muscle tissue, etc., which are targeted for aquaculture!
- the preferred types of fish are those that preferentially increase the content of unsaturated fatty acids and those that stably express the fatty acid desaturase gene even in their offspring, such as teleost fish.
- fish belonging to Cyprinidae, ichiidae, Salmonidae, Clariaae, bilundae ⁇ Ictaluridae are preferred.
- yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata
- Maddy Pagrus major
- Hyfume Paralichthys olivaceus
- Tohnog Teakifugu ruonpes
- Hyfuma Seriola aureovittata Penaeus shrimp (Penaeus japonicus)
- Rainbow trout Oncorhyncus mykiss
- Amberjack Seriola dumerili
- Simaan Pseudocaranx dentex
- Manota Epinephelus septemfasciatus, Thunnus thynnus fish, etc.
- carp for example, Cyprinus carpio
- zebrafish for example, zebrafish (Danino rerio), African catfish (Clarias ganepinus), Arahi (Oreochronis niloticus), and Pacific salmon (3 ⁇ 4aimo 3 ⁇ 4alar metastatic power (Oryzias latipes))
- Arahi Oreochronis niloticus
- Pacific salmon 3 ⁇ 4aimo 3 ⁇ 4alar metastatic power (Oryzias latipes)
- promoters include the ⁇ -actin-mouth motor, adipocyteP2 (aP2) promoter, Mylz2 (Danio rerio myosin light polypeptide 2 skeletal muscle mylz2) promoter, UCP promoter, SV40 promoter, cytomegavirus promoter, and EF1 ⁇ promoter. Among them, medaka j8-actin promoter and mylz2 promoter are preferable in terms of expression efficiency.
- a polyadenylase sequence such as a pest growth hormone polyadenylation sequence downstream of the fatty acid desaturase gene.
- an intron sequence or a gene sequence that enhances the expression of a gene, or a sequence of a terminator that directs the termination of transcription can be used.
- the constructed expression vector can be introduced into fish by microinjection into an oocyte or a fertilized egg, a virus vector infection method, a particle gun method, or an electoral poration method.
- the transgenic fish of the present invention include, for convenience, an adult fish into which the fatty acid desaturase gene has been introduced, its progeny, a fertilized egg cell, a fish embryo cell, and the like.
- ⁇ 6 desaturase-like cDNA was also isolated from pig bean liver power by PCR.
- the two modified primers are forward and reverse, respectively.
- PCR amplification was performed under the following conditions. 3 cycles of 94 ° C for 3 minutes, followed by 30 cycles of 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 62 ° C for 30 seconds, 72. 1.5 minutes at C. Thereafter, the 1680 bp PCR amplification product was subcloned into a pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega).
- the transgene was expressed using the 8.5 kb plasmid pActD6 (FIG. 1). That is, pGc / RSV (manufactured by Invitrogen) was treated with Xhol, and the pepsin growth hormone polyadenylation (BGH poly (A)) sequence was ligated to pBluescriptSK (+/-) (manufactured by Clontech). did. 3.
- PCR amplification product was cloned into a pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega) and treated with Sail to obtain a ⁇ 6 desaturase-like gene fragment, which was used as a medaka ⁇ -actin promoter (m ⁇ - Actin) and BGHpoly (A) sequence to prepare pActD6 construct.
- the cyclic DNA obtained in Example 3 was diluted to a concentration of 30 g / ml in a 0.1 M KC1Z0.15% tetramethyl-rhodamine dextran solution. Filter the DNA solution with an ultra-MC centrifugal filter. 22 u rn (MILLIPORE3 ⁇ 4: 3 ⁇ 4) T ⁇ 4. C for 5 minutes at 5000 rpm in a microfuge to remove contaminating particles. The 3— DNA was transferred to a clean coverslip and covered with a few drops of mineral oil to prevent evaporation.
- the mold was placed on a 90 mm Petri dish, and about 30 ml of warm water, 3% agarose (prepared with distilled water) was poured into the plate. After the agarose had solidified at room temperature, the mold was removed and twelve grooves were created to support the embryo when the microinjection needle penetrated. The used plate was covered with plastic wrap and stored at 4 ° C until use.
- Microinjection-One dollar was made from a micropipette puller (Narishige) (Fig. 2A) using a fine glass microinjection cab. Microphone mouth injection-The tip of a dollar was about 5-8 ⁇ m. The needle was mounted on the holder, and the needle was filled with mineral oil from the syringe by turning the micromanipulator clockwise through a fluoroplastic tube.
- Example 7
- the microinjection was carried out using a stereochemical microscope, a microinjector prepared in Example 6 during the microinjection process-a micromanipulator for controlling one dollar, and a magnetic stand (narishige company) attached to the micromanipulator for DNA loading. ), A plastic two-way stopper, a tube made of fluororesin (Narishige) and a microinjection plate.
- a micromanipulator for DNA loading with a needle holder was attached to a magnetic stand fixed to a metal surface, the syringe was filled with 3 ml of mineral oil, and lmm fluorine was attached to a microinjection-dollar holder. ⁇ Directly attached to a two-way stopper fixed to a section of about 40 cm of the resin tube.
- Example 4 On the day of the microinjection, at least 15 minutes before the lamp was turned on, 3 zos of zebrafish of Example 1 and 2 females were transferred from the aquarium to a 3 L rearing tank. Eggs were collected in petri dishes approximately 5 minutes after laying. The one-cell stage embryo was transferred to the groove of the microinjection plate prepared in Example 5 using a pipette. The scutellum was required to face $ 21 microinjection.
- the DNA solution obtained in Example 4 was microinjected into the cytoplasm of a 1-cell embryo on a microinjection plate using the microinjection system of Example 7. Embryos into which DNA had been injected were stored at 28 ⁇ 1 ° C. Unfertilized and deformed eggs were removed 5-6 hours after fertilization. The next day, dead or deformed embryos were removed and healthy embryos were transferred to new U, Petri dishes.
- PCR analysis was performed using 201 10X Ex Taq buffer, 200 ⁇ M dNTP, 0.125 U Ex Taq polymerase (Takara), 2 ⁇ l cDNA as template, and lpmol each as follows. It was performed under the conditions. 3 minutes at 94 ° C, then 30 seconds at 94 ° C, 6
- Omar (5 and AGGACTGGCTCACCATGCAGTTGAGT-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 8) was used as a forward primer for desaturylase, and the des-Omar (SEQ ID NO: 4) was used as a reverse primer.
- ⁇ -actin gene expression was analyzed as an internal standard for the same amount of RNA load.
- (5′-ACTACCTCATGAAGATCCTG-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 9) was used as a forma primer of the j8-actin gene
- reaction solution 21 of the reaction solution was isolated by electrophoresis on a 0.7% agarose gel, stained with a bromide solution, and photographed with ultraviolet irradiation.
- the fluorescence intensity of each band was quantitatively determined by Densitograg ATTO). The construct showing the strongest expression was used to create a stable line.
- F1 and F2 desaturase gene expression was analyzed by the method used for F0.
- Total RNA was extracted from fins, liver, and muscle of one DNA-positive fish to identify foreign gene expression in F1.
- F2 generation total RNA was also extracted for muscle and liver strength of at least 20 2-day-old fry and at least 10 adult fish.
- DNA positive F0 was bred to adulthood. Mature F0 was crossed with non-transgenic zebrafish and at least 20 2-day-old juveniles obtained from the cross were accumulated to screen for germ-line transmitting fish. The germline-positive F0 was then used to create the F1 and F2 generations. The production and screening procedures for F1 and F2 are the same as those used for F0.
- Total lipids were extracted from non-transgenic and transgenic fish containing the pig bean ⁇ 6 desaturase gene.
- Non-transgenic and transgenic fish were kept in the same aquarium, and total fatty acids were extracted from the whole fish.
- the extracted fatty acids were separated using a gas chromatography (Shimadzu 14B: Shimadzu) equipped with a hydrogen flame ionization detector and a capillary ram 30m X 0.32mm X 0.25m (Supelco).
- Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were prepared from fatty acids by the method described in the literature (cited reference). Fatty acid methyl ester peaks were identified by gas chromatography measurements comparing the retention time with the appropriate FAME standard (Supelco).
- Transient foreign gene expression was analyzed 8 hours after fertilization, and the transient expression of the foreign gene was analyzed using the cDNA synthesized from the injected embryo and extracted RNA.
- the results showing the transient expression are shown in FIG. Figure 3 shows the results of identification of foreign gene expression in F1 extracted from fins, liver, and muscle of DNA-positive fish.
- FIG. 3 also shows the results obtained under the same conditions except that the Mylz2 promoter was used instead of the medaka j8-actin promoter.
- the medaka ⁇ -actin promoter and Expression of foreign genes was observed in fins and muscles using any of the Mylz2 promoters.
- Transgenic individuals were screened by PCR amplification using genomic DNA from which fin force was also extracted using primers specific for the pig bean desaturase gene.
- DNA-positive and non-transgenic fish were crossed, and the results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Table 1 109 out of 400 embryos injected with DNA became adult fish, of which 4 had the pActD6 gene construct in the embryo cells. These fish were used to create the F1 and F2 generations.
- the transmission rate of foreign genes to the F1 generation varied between 4.2% and 44.1%, as shown in Table 2.
- the F2 generation was created using F1 transgenic strains with higher mRNA transcript levels analyzed by RT-PCR.
- Figure 5 shows the expression of a typical foreign gene in F1 fish. The transfer of the transgene to the F2 generation followed Mendelian segregation patterns. These results confirmed that each F1 transgenic line contained all diploid cell force transgenes.
- Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared from the whole body of both non-transgenic and transgenic fish and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Table 3 shows the composition of n-3 fatty acids in the transgenic fish.
- the production of EPA and DHA in transgenic fish expressing the pigeon desaturase gene is 1.4 ⁇ 0.1 times that of the corresponding non-transgenic fish, 86 ⁇ 0.03 mgZg vs 1.32 ⁇ 0.05 mgZg. ) And 2.1 ⁇ 0.2 times (4.62 ⁇ 0.22 mgZg vs 2.22 ⁇ 0.08 mg / g) (p ⁇ 0.05).
- EPA and DHA production in edible parts is 75% and 78% of the total fish, respectively.
- the numbers in parentheses indicate the ratio of each fatty acid in the total fatty acids.
- Non-transgenic and transgenic fish were kept in the same aquarium. Total fatty acids were extracted from the whole fish with fatty acid methyl esters analyzed and quantified by GC. The numbers after the construct indicate individual transgenic strains.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a desaturylase gene construct inserted into an expression vector used for producing fish having an increased unsaturated fatty acid content according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a RT-PCR diagram showing the results of transient expression of the desaturylase gene.
- FIG. 3 is an RT-PCR diagram showing the expression results of the desaturylase gene in the fin, liver, and muscle of F1 generation cDNA.
- FIG. 4 Accumulated fry power.
- RT-PCR diagram showing a typical example of the results of screening for germline transmitters by PCR analysis using an extracted DNA template.
- DNA was extracted from approximately 20 2-day-old juveniles obtained by crossing the DNA positive FO with non-transgenic individuals.
- Lanes 16 PCR amplification products using genomic DNA samples from transgenic F0 individuals.
- Lane C PCR amplification product using non-transgenic fish
- Lane N PCR amplification product using no DNA template
- Lane P Amplified pActD6 plasmid DNA (0.6 pg).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram of PT-PCR showing the results of detecting transgene expression in different F1 generations. Total RNA also extracted tail fin tissue power. The numbers after the construct indicate individual transgenic lines.
- Fig. 6 is a graph showing the content of unsaturated products in fishes of the present invention having increased unsaturated fatty acid content.
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EP05721614A EP1731031A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-28 | Transgenic fish with increased unsaturated fatty acid content |
CA002563015A CA2563015A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-28 | Transgenic fish with increased unsaturated fatty acid content |
NO20064420A NO20064420L (no) | 2004-03-31 | 2006-09-29 | Transgen fisk med okt innhold av umettet fettsyre |
US11/541,375 US20080320610A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2006-09-29 | Transgenic fish with increased unsaturated fatty acid content |
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JP2004108330A JP2005287424A (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | 不和脂肪酸含量の増加したトランスジェニック魚類 |
JP2004-108330 | 2004-03-31 |
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EP (1) | EP1731031A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005287424A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060132012A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1988796A (ja) |
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JP2007319121A (ja) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Toyobo Co Ltd | ヒトパピローマウイルスの検出法及びタイピング方法 |
Families Citing this family (7)
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WO2010059598A1 (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2010-05-27 | LiveFuels, Inc. | Methods for producing fish with high lipid content |
US8753851B2 (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2014-06-17 | LiveFuels, Inc. | Systems and methods for culturing algae with bivalves |
US9487716B2 (en) | 2011-05-06 | 2016-11-08 | LiveFuels, Inc. | Sourcing phosphorus and other nutrients from the ocean via ocean thermal energy conversion systems |
CN103898159B (zh) * | 2014-04-17 | 2016-01-20 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | 一种提高鱼类omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸的方法及应用 |
CN104988163B (zh) * | 2015-08-11 | 2018-11-02 | 西南大学 | 斑马鱼脂肪酸去饱和酶基因、重组表达载体、应用 |
CN113278654B (zh) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-05-27 | 华东师范大学 | 一种肝脏特异性积累dha的鱼类模型构建方法及其应用 |
CN113951183B (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-10-25 | 莱州明波水产有限公司 | 黄带拟鲹亲鱼培育方法 |
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JP2001086992A (ja) * | 1999-09-24 | 2001-04-03 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | トランスジェニック魚類を用いた多量体糖タンパク質の生産方法 |
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- 2005-03-28 CA CA002563015A patent/CA2563015A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-28 KR KR1020067022063A patent/KR20060132012A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-03-28 EP EP05721614A patent/EP1731031A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-28 CN CNA200580009559XA patent/CN1988796A/zh active Pending
- 2005-03-28 WO PCT/JP2005/005688 patent/WO2005094570A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
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2006
- 2006-09-29 US US11/541,375 patent/US20080320610A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2007319121A (ja) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Toyobo Co Ltd | ヒトパピローマウイルスの検出法及びタイピング方法 |
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US20080320610A1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
KR20060132012A (ko) | 2006-12-20 |
NO20064420L (no) | 2007-01-02 |
JP2005287424A (ja) | 2005-10-20 |
CN1988796A (zh) | 2007-06-27 |
EP1731031A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
CA2563015A1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
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