WO2005091060A1 - 液晶表示パネルおよび液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示パネルおよび液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005091060A1 WO2005091060A1 PCT/JP2005/004528 JP2005004528W WO2005091060A1 WO 2005091060 A1 WO2005091060 A1 WO 2005091060A1 JP 2005004528 W JP2005004528 W JP 2005004528W WO 2005091060 A1 WO2005091060 A1 WO 2005091060A1
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- light
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- conversion layer
- optical path
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133616—Front illuminating devices
Definitions
- Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device, and particularly to a transmissive or semi-transmissive liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device.
- liquid crystal display devices are widely used as display screens in various electronic devices. These liquid crystal display devices are mounted on electronic devices for various uses, making the most of the characteristics of their thin, lightweight and low power consumption, and are widely used in general.
- a configuration of a liquid crystal display device that has been often used in the past is a combination of a liquid crystal panel including a pair of transparent electrode substrates and a liquid crystal layer and at least one polarizing plate.
- a pair of polarizing plates is provided on both sides of the transparent electrode substrate, and in the case of a reflective liquid crystal panel, the transparent electrode substrate arranged on the viewer side is used. Only a polarizing plate is provided.
- the above-mentioned liquid crystal panel uses a cold cathode discharge tube, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) or the like as a light source, and the light source is surrounded by a reflector. Since the light emitted from the light source needs to uniformly illuminate the liquid crystal panel plane, the light from the point or line light source is converted to a two-dimensional illuminant by a light guide plate. Further, a light unit having uniform in-plane luminance is formed by combining the light source and the light guide plate with a lens sheet and a diffusion sheet.
- LED Light Emitting Diode
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-2003 discloses a technique for performing thin and light-weight shading by using a transparent electrode substrate in a liquid crystal panel as a light guide plate.
- Japanese Patent No. 57645 discloses a technique (front light type) in which a transparent electrode substrate arranged on the front side is used as a light guide plate.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-66443 discloses a technique (backlight type) in which a transparent electrode substrate arranged on the back side is used as a light guide plate.
- the front light type liquid crystal display device disclosed in JP-A-2003-57645 has a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer 103 is sandwiched between a pair of transparent electrode substrates 101 and 102.
- the transparent electrode substrate 102 disposed on the observer side of the pair of transparent electrode substrates 101 and 102 is provided with a point or linear light source 104 such as an LED or a cold cathode tube, which has a strong force.
- a polarizing plate 105 is disposed outside each of the transparent electrode substrates 101 and 102.
- an optical path conversion layer 106 having a concavo-convex structure is provided on the observer-side surface of the liquid crystal panel.
- a specular reflection film 107 is formed on the back side of the liquid crystal panel.
- the liquid crystal display device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-57645 can reduce the number of members by concentrating the function of the light guide plate on the transparent electrode substrate 102. Molding 'Light weight can be achieved.
- the backlight type liquid crystal display device disclosed in JP-A-2003-66443 has a liquid crystal panel in which a liquid crystal layer 103 is sandwiched between a pair of transparent electrode substrates 101 and 102.
- the transparent electrode substrate 101 disposed on the back side of the pair of transparent electrode substrates 101, 102 is provided with a point or linear light source 104 such as an LED or a cold-cathode tube at a side end thereof.
- a polarizing plate 105 is disposed outside each of the transparent electrode substrates 101 and 102.
- a low refractive index layer 116 is arranged on the front side of the transparent electrode substrate 101 in contact with the transparent electrode substrate 101.
- the low refractive index layer 116 has a lower refractive index than the transparent electrode substrate 101.
- a polarizing plate 117, an optical path conversion layer 117 having an uneven structure, and a total reflection film 118 are formed to constitute a transflective liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-66443 can reduce the number of members by consolidating the function of the light guide plate into the transparent electrode substrate 101. Weight reduction can be achieved.
- the route in the above description is the route (A) shown in FIG. 6.
- the emitted light is controlled by the liquid crystal layer 103 so that a desired image can be formed. Can be displayed.
- the transparent electrode substrate 102 has a refractive index of about 1.5, such as glass or an alignment film, and a force such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide).
- the transparent electrode has a high refractive index, and has an interface of a laminated film having a relatively large difference in refractive index. Therefore, the light emitted from the light source 104 and incident again on the transparent electrode substrate 102 from the polarizing plate 105 and the optical path conversion layer 106 is transparent before entering the liquid crystal layer 103 as shown in the path (B) in FIG. There is light that is reflected at any interface of the laminated film on the electrode substrate 102 and transmitted through the polarizing plate 105 from the transparent electrode substrate 102 as it is.
- the light source 104 is disposed on one side surface of the transparent electrode substrate 101 disposed on the back side.
- the light emitted from the light source 104 propagates inside the transparent electrode substrate 101 and the polarizing plate 105 as shown by the path (A) in FIG.
- the light After being incident on the converted optical path conversion layer 117, the light is reflected by the reflection film 118.
- the light reflected by the reflective film 118 is controlled by the liquid crystal layer 103 and then transmitted through the transparent electrode substrate 102 and the polarizing plate 105 arranged on the viewer side, so that an image can be displayed. .
- the light is emitted from the light source 104 and directly enters the low-refractive-index layer 116, the light is totally reflected by the low-refractive-index layer 116. A lot of light exits from the side opposite to the side on which the light source 104 is provided. As described above, since the light that also emits the opposite facing force of the transparent electrode substrate 101 does not play a role as the display light for the display image, the loss of the light from the light source 104 increases in the configuration of FIG. Since the light emitted from the light source 104 cannot be used efficiently, a bright image cannot be displayed.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to use a transparent electrode substrate in a liquid crystal panel as a light guide plate so as to achieve a thin and lightweight structure, and to achieve a contrast. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device capable of displaying a bright and good image without any decrease in image quality.
- a liquid crystal display panel is a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal layer filled between a pair of transparent substrates.
- a low refractive index layer formed on the front side of the first optical path conversion layer in contact with the uneven surface of the first optical path conversion layer and having a smaller refractive index than the first optical path conversion layer is disposed.
- a second optical path conversion layer having a predetermined uneven surface is arranged! /, Features! /, Ru.
- the rear transparent substrate is provided on the side surface of the rear transparent substrate.
- a first optical path conversion layer having a predetermined uneven surface and a low refractive index layer are formed.
- the uneven surface of the first optical path conversion layer is designed to have an appropriate shape so that, at the interface between the first optical path conversion layer and the low refractive index layer, A) the light source power is also directly incident. Function to convert light (near horizontal) into light closer to the substrate normal direction and totally reflect the light.B) Obtain the function of transmitting light near the substrate normal direction when light is incident. Can be.
- the uneven surface of the second optical path conversion layer is designed to have an appropriate shape so that light directly incident from the light source is converted into light closer to the normal direction of the substrate and reflected. Get action It comes out.
- the light to be irradiated is first reflected by the uneven surface of the first optical path conversion layer or the uneven surface of the second optical path conversion layer. Since the light is converted into light close to the linear direction, loss of light from the light source that is not emitted from the side opposite to the side surface on which the light source is provided on the rear transparent substrate can be reduced, and a bright image can be displayed. Note that, after being irradiated with the light source power, light first reflected on the concave and convex surface of the first optical path conversion layer is then reflected on the concave and convex surface of the second optical path conversion layer, and further reflected on the first optical path conversion layer. The light passes through the uneven surface of the conversion layer and is emitted to the observer side (front side).
- FIG. 1, showing an embodiment of the present invention is a cross-sectional view illustrating a main configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a state of light reflection at an interface between a first optical path conversion layer and a low refractive index layer in the liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a main configuration of another liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing one configuration example of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- a liquid crystal display panel having a configuration in which a liquid crystal layer 3 is sandwiched between a front substrate portion 1 and a rear substrate portion 2 is used. That is, a light source is provided on the liquid crystal display panel.
- a liquid crystal display device is provided by mounting the device 5 and a drive circuit (not shown).
- the front substrate part 1 has a transparent substrate 11, a polarizing plate 12 disposed on the front side, and a transparent electrode 13 formed on the back side.
- the rear substrate portion 2 has a first optical path conversion layer 22, a low refractive index layer 23, and a transparent electrode 24 on the front surface side of a transparent substrate (rear transparent substrate) 21 on the transparent substrate 21 side.
- the polarizer 25 and the second optical path conversion layer 26 are also formed on the back side of the transparent substrate 21 in this order.
- the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the second optical path conversion layer 26 each have a predetermined uneven structure.
- the front substrate part 1 and the rear substrate part 2 are arranged so as to oppose the transparent electrode 13 and the transparent electrode 24, and the liquid crystal layer 3 is formed in the gap.
- an alignment film (not shown) on which a predetermined alignment process is performed is disposed further inside the transparent electrodes 13 and 24.
- the liquid crystal layer 3 is sealed between the front substrate 1 and the rear substrate 2 by a frame-shaped seal 4.
- the light source 5 is disposed on the side surface of the transparent substrate 21 in the rear substrate portion 2.
- the liquid crystal display panel according to the first embodiment is applied to a backlight type configuration using the transparent substrate 21 as a light guide plate of the light source 5.
- the pair of transparent substrates 11 and 21 are made of a transparent glass substrate such as soda glass or non-alkali glass, or a resin such as an organic resin (for example, epoxy resin or acrylic resin) or polyether sulfone. Any transparent substrate such as a flat plastic substrate can be used.
- a glass substrate that is more desirable to use a substrate with higher transparency is required. It is desirable to use potash glass. In addition, in order to achieve a thin and lightweight substrate, it is desirable to use an organic resin as a transparent substrate material, and it is more desirable to use an acrylic resin as a transparent substrate material. More desirable.
- the display principle of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the light emitted from the light source 5 disposed on the side surface of the transparent substrate 21 is combined with the light (optical path A) directly incident on the upper surface side (the first optical path conversion layer 22 side) of the transparent substrate 21 and the light back And light (optical path B) that is directly incident on the side (the polarizing plate 25 side).
- the light that enters the optical path A is emitted from the light source 5 disposed on the side surface of the transparent substrate 21, and then enters the interface between the transparent substrate 21 and the first optical path conversion layer 22.
- the refractive index of the first optical path conversion layer 22 is substantially the same as the refractive index of the transparent substrate 21 so that the incident light does not reflect or refract but passes through the first optical path conversion layer 22.
- the refractive index of 21 and the refractive index of the first optical path conversion layer 22 substantially match.
- the transparent substrate 21 and the first optical path conversion layer 22 need not necessarily be provided as separate members, and may be integrally formed as the same member. If the transparent substrate 21 and the first optical path conversion layer 22 are integrally formed as the same member, there is no interface between the transparent substrate 21 and the first optical path conversion layer 22. High reflection and refraction can be completely eliminated.
- the light transmitted through the first optical path conversion layer 22 then enters the interface between the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the low refractive index layer 23. At this time, the incident light is totally reflected at this interface by the unevenness of the first optical path conversion layer 22. By this total reflection, the incident light is turned back to the rear side, and the traveling direction is changed such that the light after reflection has an angle closer to the normal direction of the substrate than the light before reflection.
- the unevenness of the first optical path conversion layer 22 that is, the unevenness at the interface between the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the low refractive index layer 23 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the first optical path conversion layer 22 has the inclined surface P shown in FIG.
- the inclined plane P has its normal direction inclined at an angle of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with respect to the substrate normal direction, so that the light emitted from the light source 5 can be directly received by this inclination. Further, of the light emitted from the light source 5, the light directly incident on the upper surface side of the transparent substrate 21 (on the first optical path conversion layer 22 side) is set so as to be always incident on the inclined surface P. The unevenness of the optical path conversion layer 22 is set. [0048] At the interface between the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the low refractive index layer 23 on the inclined surface P, the light source 5 needs to totally reflect the incident light. For this reason, the refractive index of the low refractive index layer 23 is lower than the refractive index of the first optical path conversion layer 22.
- the angle of incidence of light on the inclined surface P needs to be larger than the critical angle at the interface of the inclined surface P.
- ⁇ be the incident angle of the light before being reflected by the inclined surface P with respect to the substrate normal
- ⁇ be the outgoing angle of the light after being reflected by the inclined surface ⁇ with respect to the substrate normal.
- the angle of incidence of light on the inclined surface ⁇ is ( ⁇ —
- the refractive index of the first optical path conversion layer 22 is ⁇
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer 23 is ⁇
- ⁇ is set so that Note that the light before being reflected by the inclined surface P has a slight variation in its size depending on the distance of the power of the light source 5. ° can be approximated.
- the material of the first optical path conversion layer 22 is a commonly used glass (having a refractive index of 1.52), and the material of the low refractive index layer 23 has the lowest refractive index at the practical level.
- magnesium fluoride reffractive index is 1.28
- the critical angle at the interface of the inclined plane P is about 57 °.
- the change range of the inclination angle ⁇ due to the variation of the refractive index of the material of the low refractive index layer 23 is 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ 33 °.
- the refractive index difference between the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the low refractive index layer 23 be 0.05 or more. More preferably, the angle ⁇ ⁇ is in the range of 15 ° ⁇ ⁇ 33 °.
- the inclination of the surface other than the inclined surface P can be set to any inclination angle without any particular limitation.
- the inclined surfaces P are formed at equal pitches, which is described as follows.
- the pitch does not need to be, and the pitch may be changed according to the distance from the light source 5.
- the pitch of the inclined surface P is set to be large at a position near the light source 5 and small at a position far from the light source 5. Configurations are possible.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the inclined surface P may be varied according to the distance of the light source 5 according to the variation of the incident angle a of the incident light. For example, a configuration is possible in which ⁇ is small near the light source 5 and large ⁇ far from the light source 5.
- the light reflected at the interface between the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the low refractive index layer 23 passes through the transparent substrate 21 again and is polarized on the rear side.
- the light is linearly polarized in a desired direction by the plate 25, and further enters the second optical path conversion layer 26.
- the light incident on the second optical path conversion layer 26 is transmitted to the outer surface of the second optical path conversion layer 26 (the second optical path conversion layer 26 and the air layer or the like outside the second optical path conversion layer 26). At the interface), and is folded back to the front side.
- the light reflected on the outer surface of the second optical path conversion layer 26 is then reflected by the polarizing plate 25, the transparent substrate 21, the first optical path conversion layer 22, the low refractive index layer 23, the liquid crystal layer 3, and the front side substrate.
- the light passes through 1 and is emitted toward the observer and functions as display light.
- the outer surface of the second optical path conversion layer 26 is a surface having irregularities like the first optical path conversion layer 22, the light reflected on the outer surface of the second optical path conversion layer 26
- the angle of the traveling direction may vary depending on the location where the light is reflected.
- the irregularities in the second optical path conversion layer 26 will be described later, but at least the irregularities in the second optical path conversion layer 26 have an appropriate shape in consideration of the reflection function for light passing through the optical path A. Need to be designed for
- the light that enters the optical path B is emitted from the light source 5 disposed on the side surface of the transparent substrate 21 and then enters the interface between the transparent substrate 21 and the second optical path conversion layer 26.
- the second optical path conversion layer 26 The refractive index is substantially equal to the refractive index of the transparent substrate 21 or is lower than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 21 so that the incident light passes through the second optical path conversion layer 26 without causing reflection or refraction. Preferably, it is small.
- the refractive index of the transparent substrate 21 and the refractive index of the second optical path conversion layer 26 substantially match.
- the light transmitted through the second optical path conversion layer 26 is then transmitted to the outer surface of the second optical path conversion layer 26 (the second optical path conversion layer 26 and the air layer outside the second optical path conversion layer 26). At the interface with the like. At this time, the incident light is reflected on the outer surface by the unevenness of the second optical path conversion layer 26. By this reflection, the incident light is turned back to the front side, and the traveling direction is changed such that the light after reflection is closer to the normal direction of the substrate and at an angle than the light before reflection.
- the unevenness formed in the second optical path conversion layer 26 has an effect similar to the unevenness formed in the first optical path conversion layer 22 described above, and the second optical path conversion layer 26 In this case, it is possible to use a member having the same shape and irregularities as the first optical path conversion layer 22.
- the optical path conditions after the first reflection by the first optical path conversion layer 22 or the second optical path conversion layer 26 are different.
- the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the second optical path conversion layer 26 are designed in such a shape as to obtain the optimum outgoing light in each of the optical path A and the optical path B.
- the unevenness of the optical path conversion layer 22 and the second optical path conversion layer 26 need not be the same.
- the light reflected by the outer surface of the second optical path conversion layer 26 is then applied to the polarizing plate 25, the transparent substrate 21, the first optical path conversion layer 22, the low refractive index layer 23, the liquid crystal layer 3, and the front surface.
- the light passes through the side substrate 1 and is emitted toward the viewer, and functions as display light.
- the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the low refractive index layer 23 are provided on the front side of the transparent substrate 21. For this reason, the light emitted from the light source 5 and directly incident on the upper surface side (the first optical path conversion layer 22 side) of the transparent substrate 21 is totally reflected at the interface between the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the low refractive index layer 23. And reflected back, the light after reflection is closer to the substrate normal direction than the light before reflection, and The traveling direction is changed so that Further, the light turned back to the rear side is reflected by the second optical path changing layer 26 and emitted to the observer side.
- the light emitted from the light source 5 and the liquid crystal display device with respect to the substrate are almost completely removed.
- the utilization efficiency of the light emitted from the light source 5 is improved, and a bright and good image can be displayed.
- one of the uneven surfaces is provided with the light source 5.
- a conical shape, a quadrangular pyramid shape or a conical shape, a polygonal column structure, or the like can be used.
- the structure for forming the irregularities has a shape having a stripe-shaped irregular surface, it is expected that the manufacture of the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the second optical path conversion layer 26 will be simplified. There are advantages. In this case, while the surface facing the incident surface (that is, the surface P in FIG. 2) is formed in a stripe shape, the light incident on the liquid crystal layer 3 has a V ⁇ However, there is a possibility that stripe-like intensity unevenness may occur.
- the light source 5 disposed on the side surface of the first transparent substrate 21 has its front end protruding from the boundary surface between the transparent substrate 21 and the first optical path conversion layer 22 to the front side. It is preferable to arrange them so that they do not. That is, when the front end of the light source 5 protrudes beyond the boundary surface between the transparent substrate 21 and the first optical path conversion layer 22, the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the low refractive index layer 23 Light also enters from the side surface of such a member. Such light may cause unexpected reflection on the surface of the member, and may be emitted to the observer as it is, resulting in extra light leakage and lowering the contrast.
- the light source 5 disposed on the side surface of the first transparent substrate 21 has its front end not protruding beyond the boundary surface between the transparent substrate 21 and the first optical path conversion layer 22 on the front surface side. In this case, unwanted light leakage as described above can be prevented, and a good image can be obtained without lowering the contrast.
- a reflection sheet having a strong property such as an organic resin is disposed, or a total reflection film made of a metal thin film is formed.
- the light transmitted through the layer 26 can be returned to the viewer side again, and the light emitted from the light source 5 can be used as display light without any light.
- the thickness of the reflection sheet is generally about 0.1-0.2 mm, the power for reducing the thickness is also reduced as shown in FIG. It is preferable to form a total reflection film 27 made of a metal thin film on the back side of 26.
- a metal thin film made of an alloy of aluminum, gold, silver, copper, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, palladium or the like can be used.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment. Since the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment has a configuration similar to that of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment, the same components as those in FIG. Detailed description is omitted.
- the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 4 has a configuration using a rear substrate 6 instead of the rear substrate unit 2 in FIG. Further, the rear substrate 6 is different from the rear substrate 2 in that a light scattering layer 28 is formed between the low refractive index layer 23 and the transparent electrode 24.
- the light scattering layer 28 further acts on light collected in the front direction on the viewer side by the action of the first optical path conversion layer 22, the low refractive index layer 23, and the second optical path conversion layer 26. Gives a scattering effect I can. For this reason, in the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment including the light scattering layer 28, it is possible to eliminate variations in luminance distribution in the plane of the substrate and obtain a favorable display.
- the light scattering layer 28 is newly formed as a layer immediately above the low refractive index layer 23 in the second embodiment, but is not particularly limited to this configuration. As long as it is between the transparent substrates 21, it may be formed in the gap between any layers.
- light scattering may be imparted to the color filter itself, or light scattering may be imparted to the overcoat itself for flattening the color filter. No.
- the light scattering property is imparted by dispersing inorganic particles, for example, fine particles such as alumina and silica, in the light scattering layer to impart light scattering property, or utilizing a crosslinking reaction of a polymer monomer. Then, a method of dispersing organic fine particles to impart light scattering properties, and the like can be given.
- inorganic particles for example, fine particles such as alumina and silica
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment. Since the liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment has a configuration similar to that of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment, the same components as those in FIG. Detailed description is omitted.
- the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 5 has a configuration in which a back substrate 7 is used instead of the back substrate 2 in FIG. Further, the rear substrate 7 is different from the rear substrate 2 in that a transflective film 29 made of a metal thin film is formed between the low-refractive index layer 23 and the transparent electrode 24. You.
- the semi-transmissive reflective film 29 is a half-mirror type semi-transmissive reflective film that can be obtained by adjusting the thickness of the metal thin film, or a semi-transparent reflective thin film provided with an opening.
- a transmission reflection film or the like can also be formed.
- the metal thin film can be formed of an alloy of a metal such as aluminum, gold, silver, copper, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, and palladium.
- liquid crystal display device it is possible to perform display in the transmissive display mode in which the light source 5 is turned on to perform display, and in the reflective display mode.
- the transparent display mode In the transmissive display mode, the light emitted from the light source 5 is applied to the first optical path conversion layer 22, the low refractive index layer 23, and the second optical path conversion layer 26. As a result, as shown in paths (A) and (B) in FIG. 5, the light path is changed to the observer side, and the light enters the transflective film 29. In the rear substrate 7, the path of light until it enters the transflective film 29 is the same as in the rear substrate 2. The light transmitted through the transflective film 29 is used as display light by the transmission function of the light incident on the transflective film 29 through the paths (A) and (B).
- the transflective film 29 a dielectric multilayer film formed by laminating dielectric materials having different refractive indexes can be used. Also in this case, similarly to the case where the metal thin film is used as the transflective film 29, it can be used as a transflective liquid crystal display device that performs display by switching between a transmissive display mode and a reflective display mode.
- alumina (Al 2 O 3) or ketone dioxide is used as a low refractive index dielectric.
- Silicon SiO 2
- magnesium difluoride MgF 2
- Titanium dioxide TiO 2
- zirconium dioxide ZrO 2
- selenide
- the dielectric multilayer film is obtained by sequentially laminating a low refractive index dielectric and a high refractive index dielectric.
- the color filter, the protective film, the insulating film, and the like are not particularly shown, but may be formed on a transparent substrate as needed. .
- the method of driving the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be arbitrarily selected, such as an active matrix method or a passive matrix method.
- the light emitted from the light source 5 is roughly divided into two types of light, paths (A) and (B).
- the light that passes through the paths (A) and (B) is light that contributes to display in the most preferable manner among all the lights emitted from the light source 5.
- the reflection is repeated a plurality of times between the first optical path conversion layer 22 and the second optical path conversion layer 26, and the lateral force of the transparent substrate 21 is also reflected. It is conceivable that there is a part of light emitted from the rear substrate in a state of being largely inclined with respect to the normal direction of the substrate without receiving the desired reflection.
- the paths (A) and (B) of all the light emitted from the light source 5 It is fully possible to increase the ratio of light passing through () and to provide a brighter display than in the past.
- Example 1 a liquid crystal display device having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 was created by the following method.
- non-alkali glass having a refractive index of 1.52 was used for the transparent substrate 11 disposed on the observer side and the transparent substrate 21 disposed on the back side.
- a transparent electrode 13 made of ITO color was formed on the transparent substrate 11, and a soluble polyimide was printed on the transparent electrode 13, followed by firing.
- the alignment film surface was subjected to an alignment treatment by a rubbing treatment so as to have a predetermined alignment direction, and a substrate to be arranged on the observer side was obtained.
- a shaped transfer film of an acrylic negative resist is placed on a transparent substrate 21 at a high temperature.
- the first optical path conversion layer 22 was formed on the transparent substrate 21 by transferring and curing this by irradiation with ultraviolet light.
- a low refractive index material HF-707 (trade name; manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a refractive index of 1.31 was formed as a low refractive index layer 23 on the first optical path conversion layer 22.
- a color filter having R (red), G (green), and B (blue) colors was formed, and a flattening layer made of thermosetting resin was formed (color The filter and the planarization layer are not shown in FIG. 1).
- a transparent electrode 24 having an ITO force was formed on the flattening layer, an alignment film was formed on the transparent electrode 24 in the same manner as the observer-side substrate 2, and a rubbing process was performed to obtain a rear-side substrate.
- the transparent substrate 11 arranged on the observer side and the transparent substrate 21 arranged on the back side obtained as described above are formed by forming a frame-shaped seal 4 around the periphery, so that the transparent substrate 11 has ITO power. Electrodes 13, 24
- the liquid crystal layer 3 was sealed with nematic liquid crystal ZLI-4792 (trade name: manufactured by Merck Japan Ltd.).
- SEG-1425DU (trade name; Nitto Denko) was used as a pair of transparent substrates 11 and 21 as polarizing plates 12 and 25 so that the alignment direction of the alignment film formed on each substrate and the transmission axis of the polarizing plate coincided with each other. (Made by Co., Ltd.).
- a second optical path changing made of an acrylic resin prepared (in the present embodiment, a quadrangular pyramid pattern) by a mold in which a predetermined concavo-convex pattern is formed in advance.
- the layer 26 was formed by adhering to the rear side of the polarizing plate 25.
- the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment was obtained by arranging the D light source 5.
- Example 2 a liquid crystal display device having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 was created. That is, in the liquid crystal display device shown in the first embodiment, a total reflection film 27 having a 98: 2 (weight ratio) alloying force of silver and palladium is further provided on the back side of the second optical path conversion layer 26 by 1000. A liquid crystal display of Example 2 was obtained.
- Example 3 a liquid crystal display device having the configuration shown in FIG. That is, in the liquid crystal display device shown in the embodiment 1, the “RF series” (trade name), which is a transfer film of an acrylic resin material, is formed on the lower refractive index layer 23 (on the front side). (Manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was formed as the light scattering layer 28 to obtain a liquid crystal display device of Example 3.
- the “RF series” trade name
- the light scattering layer 28 was formed as the light scattering layer 28 to obtain a liquid crystal display device of Example 3.
- Example 5 a liquid crystal display device having the configuration shown in FIG. 5 was produced. That is, in the liquid crystal display device shown in the first embodiment, the SI The transflective film 29 is formed by laminating three dielectric multilayer films composed of O and TiO in this order.
- a liquid crystal display device of Example 5 was obtained.
- a liquid crystal display having the configuration shown in FIG. 7 was produced. That is, in the liquid crystal display device shown in Embodiment 1, the first optical path conversion layer 22 having the uneven structure is not formed, and the low refractive index layer 23 (FIG. 7) is formed on the transparent substrate 21 (the transparent substrate 101 in FIG. 7). In 7, the low refractive index layer 116) was directly formed to obtain the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1.
- Examples 1 to 3 of the transmissive liquid crystal display device and Comparative Example 1 the luminance and the in-plane luminance variation when the liquid crystal layer was in a state where no voltage was applied (normally white) (display quality: The results of the evaluation of brightness unevenness (visual judgment) are shown below.
- the luminance was measured with a color luminance meter BM5 (trade name: manufactured by TOPCON) in a 2 ° visual field.
- the liquid crystal display devices of Examples 1 to 3 can efficiently emit the light having the light source power to the observer side, as compared with the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1. It can be seen that the luminance was greatly improved.
- Example 1 by comparing Example 1 and Example 2, by forming a total reflection film 27 made of a metal thin film on the back surface of the second optical path conversion layer 26, It is an advantage that the reflection efficiency at the LCD is improved, the brightness is improved, and a better bright image is obtained.
- Example 1 a light scattering layer formed on the low refractive index layer 23 was formed. It can be seen that by making the in-plane luminance distribution uniform according to 28, a bright good image without in-plane luminance unevenness can be obtained.
- Example 4 and Example 5 of the transflective liquid crystal display device were confirmed in a dark place, the power of the LED light source arranged on the side surface of the transparent substrate on the back side was efficiently observed. It can be seen that light can be emitted to the observer and a bright image can be displayed as a transmissive display o
- Example 4 a semi-transmissive reflective film made of a metal thin film
- Example 5 a semi-transmissive reflective film made of a dielectric multilayer film
- the present liquid crystal display panel is a liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal layer is filled between a pair of transparent substrates, and is disposed on the back of the pair of transparent substrates as viewed from the observer side.
- a first optical path conversion layer having a refractive index substantially equal to that of the transparent substrate and a predetermined uneven surface formed on the front surface side of the transparent substrate, and a front surface of the first optical path conversion layer.
- a low-refractive-index layer which is formed in contact with the uneven surface of the first optical-path conversion layer and has a lower refractive index than the first optical-path conversion layer, is disposed on a back side thereof. This is a configuration in which a second optical path conversion layer having the uneven surface is formed.
- the rear transparent substrate is provided in the liquid crystal display panel used in the knock light type liquid crystal display device in which the light source is disposed on the side surface of the rear transparent substrate.
- a first optical path conversion layer having a predetermined uneven surface formed thereon and a low refractive index layer are formed on the front side.
- the uneven surface of the first optical path conversion layer is designed into an appropriate shape, so that at the interface between the first optical path conversion layer and the low refractive index layer, A) the light source power is also directly incident. Function to convert light (near horizontal) into light closer to the substrate normal direction and totally reflect the light.B) Obtain the function of transmitting light near the substrate normal direction when light is incident. Can be.
- the uneven surface of the second optical path conversion layer is designed to have an appropriate shape so that light directly incident from the light source is converted into light closer to the normal direction of the substrate and reflected. It has an effect.
- the light to be irradiated is first irradiated with the uneven surface of the first optical path conversion layer or the second light path conversion layer.
- the light is reflected by the uneven surface of the optical path conversion layer, and at this time, the light from near horizontal is converted to light closer to the normal direction of the substrate. It is possible to reduce the loss of light from the light source, and display a bright image.
- the light first reflected on the uneven surface of the first optical path conversion layer is then reflected on the uneven surface of the second optical path conversion layer, and further reflected on the first optical path conversion layer.
- the light passes through the uneven surface of the conversion layer and is emitted to the observer side (front side).
- the liquid crystal display panel may be configured such that a total reflection film is formed on the back surface side of the second optical path conversion layer.
- the liquid crystal display panel may have a configuration in which at least one light scattering layer is formed between the pair of transparent substrates.
- the liquid crystal display panel may have a configuration in which a transflective film is formed on the front side of the low refractive index layer.
- the liquid crystal display panel can be used as a transflective liquid crystal display panel.
- the present liquid crystal display device is a liquid crystal display device using any of the liquid crystal display panels described above, wherein the rear surface of the pair of transparent substrates that is disposed on the rear surface as viewed from the viewer's side.
- the light source is arranged on at least one side surface of the side transparent substrate.
- loss of light from the light source can be reduced and a bright image can be displayed by the same operation as the above-described liquid crystal display panel.
- the front end of the light source is disposed so as not to protrude beyond the boundary surface between the transparent substrate and the first optical path conversion layer on the front side. It is preferable to have a configuration.
- the present liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel formed by filling a liquid crystal layer between a pair of transparent substrates, and is disposed on the back of the pair of transparent substrates as viewed from the observer side.
- a liquid crystal display device in which a light source is arranged on at least one side of the rear transparent substrate, light directly incident from the light source is converted into near-infrared light in the direction normal to the substrate on the front side of the rear transparent substrate.
- a reflecting surface having a function of converting the light directly incident on the light source into light closer to the normal direction of the substrate and reflecting the converted light.
- the light emitted from the light source is first emitted at the interface existing on the front side of the rear-side transparent substrate or at the reflection surface existing on the rear side of the rear-side transparent substrate. At this time, the light is converted to light closer to the normal direction of the substrate than the light power close to the horizontal.Therefore, the opposite facing force of the side of the rear transparent substrate on which the light source is provided. And a bright image display can be performed. After irradiation from the light source, the light reflected at the interface existing on the front side of the rear transparent substrate is then reflected on the reflection surface existing on the rear side of the rear transparent substrate, Furthermore, the light is transmitted through the above-mentioned interface and emitted to the observer side (front side).
- liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device that are thinner and lighter, it is possible to display a bright image with reduced loss of light from a light source, and can be applied to a mobile phone, a PDA and other mopile devices.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006511191A JP4402111B2 (ja) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-03-15 | 液晶表示パネルおよび液晶表示装置 |
US10/598,952 US7468764B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-03-15 | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-079230 | 2004-03-18 | ||
JP2004079230 | 2004-03-18 |
Publications (1)
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WO2005091060A1 true WO2005091060A1 (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
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PCT/JP2005/004528 WO2005091060A1 (ja) | 2004-03-18 | 2005-03-15 | 液晶表示パネルおよび液晶表示装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7468764B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4402111B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100819650B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100456094C (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI302618B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005091060A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220050343A1 (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2022-02-17 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display panel, display device and method of driving the same |
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JP2007292048A (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-11-08 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 鞍乗型車両用排気装置および鞍乗型車両 |
US7633282B2 (en) | 2006-08-17 | 2009-12-15 | Actuant Corporation | Multi-scanner device having a detachable outlet tester |
US20080285304A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-20 | Rankin Jr Charles M | Light extraction film system |
JP5373886B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-06 | 2013-12-18 | シャープ株式会社 | 面状照明装置およびそれを備えた表示装置 |
US9507198B2 (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2016-11-29 | Apple Inc. | Systems and methods for electronically controlling the viewing angle of a display |
US9004726B2 (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2015-04-14 | Svv Technology Innovations, Inc. | Light directing films |
CN103105641B (zh) * | 2013-02-26 | 2015-09-16 | 佘晓峰 | 复合导光板及其生产方法 |
KR102603079B1 (ko) * | 2016-07-29 | 2023-11-17 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시장치 및 그 제조방법 |
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JP4144829B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2008-09-03 | 日東電工株式会社 | 反射・透過両用型液晶表示装置 |
KR100806093B1 (ko) * | 2000-04-27 | 2008-02-21 | 가부시키가이샤 구라레 | 면광원소자 및 이를 사용한 표시장치 |
JP4439084B2 (ja) * | 2000-06-14 | 2010-03-24 | 日東電工株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2002333618A (ja) * | 2001-05-07 | 2002-11-22 | Nitto Denko Corp | 反射型液晶表示装置 |
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CN100564998C (zh) * | 2001-09-26 | 2009-12-02 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 提供偏振光的带微型结构的照明系统 |
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TW558019U (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2003-10-11 | Toppoly Optoelectronics Corp | Structure of illumination apparatus |
KR100518408B1 (ko) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-09-29 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 듀얼 프론트 라이트를 이용한 듀얼 액정표시장치 |
CN100370329C (zh) * | 2004-11-12 | 2008-02-20 | 清华大学 | 导光板和背光模组 |
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2005
- 2005-03-15 KR KR1020067021488A patent/KR100819650B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-15 CN CNB2005800082725A patent/CN100456094C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-15 WO PCT/JP2005/004528 patent/WO2005091060A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-03-15 US US10/598,952 patent/US7468764B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-15 JP JP2006511191A patent/JP4402111B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-17 TW TW094108227A patent/TWI302618B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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JP2002072199A (ja) * | 2000-08-31 | 2002-03-12 | Optrex Corp | 液晶表示素子 |
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US11675238B2 (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2023-06-13 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display panel, display device and method of driving the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2005091060A1 (ja) | 2007-08-09 |
KR100819650B1 (ko) | 2008-04-07 |
JP4402111B2 (ja) | 2010-01-20 |
KR20060130750A (ko) | 2006-12-19 |
US7468764B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 |
CN1930515A (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
TWI302618B (en) | 2008-11-01 |
US20070242185A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
CN100456094C (zh) | 2009-01-28 |
TW200600923A (en) | 2006-01-01 |
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