WO2005088015A1

WO2005088015A1 - Vehicle restraint system for roads and the like

Info

Publication number: WO2005088015A1
Application number: PCT/DE2005/000423
Authority: WO
Inventors: Roland Heyde; Manfred Lanzke
Original assignee: Ifn Anwenderzentrum Gmbh
Priority date: 2004-03-12
Filing date: 2005-03-10
Publication date: 2005-09-22
Also published as: EP1725712A1; DE112005001137A5

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle restraint system for roads, motorways, and such travel ways which are equipped in terms of safety. The aim of the invention is to provide a vehicle restraint system created on the basis of armoured plastics, and reinforced by a fibrous structure which is calculated in a mathematically precise manner and integrated, especially in the load regions, in such a way that it can absorb high traction and compressive forces. To this end, a crash barrier profiled element with a known form is created, consisting of a suitable plastic, preferably polyester resin, in which a strand-type fibre composite is continuously incorporated in a longitudinally oriented manner in the course direction thereof. In order to achieve a maximum traction and bending resistance, the fibres in the fibre composite are oriented in the direction of stress. Pre-determined fixing points for fixing the crash barrier profiled part are characterised by geometrically defined ring fibre reinforcements that are interspaced preferably according to load, said reinforcements having nominal junction points that are formed in such a way as to transmit annular traction forces.

Description

Vehicle restraint system for roads and the like

The invention relates to a vehicle restraint system for roads, highways and the like safety-equipped routes, as is common today as a modern, static-dynamic force absorbing device.

Guardrails are usually produced from a sheet metal profile of suitable thickness in order to keep a vehicle that has slipped from the control of the vehicle driver on the route. For example, such a solution is described in the document DE 89 15 616 U1. These crash barriers are costly and complex to implement and maintain, because the assembly effort is particularly considerable.

According to the document DE 200 15 910 IM, a construction of a guardrail is therefore proposed, which consists of pultruded fiber-reinforced plastic profiles, which in its type of design replaces a previous guardrail made of sheet steel. A previously common training is available as well as previous mounting options.

A further proposal for a guardrail made of plastic is contained in DE document 2 353 941 A1. Initially, parallel profiles of metallic nature with outwardly facing beads and supports, which are also made of metal, are used here. A plastic profile is open at the bottom and is jointly designed to overlap the parallel profiles from above. The plastic profile is locked by means of self-clamping. The plastic profile has a chamber-like configuration in its longitudinal extent. Thereby Depending on the setting of the starting material, it has a high strength to elasticity.

According to DE 297 17 605 U1, a protective profile is proposed which has an elliptical cross-section and is slipped over a conventional, conventional guardrail design. Here too, the basic construction of a guardrail is retained.

According to DE document 298 02 634 U1, it is proposed to manufacture the actual guardrail profile from plastic by producing, based on its cross-section, a compact body which obtains its strength through inserted metal profiles. According to the invention, plastic waste is to be used for the guardrail profile. This means that the static-dynamic strength of a metal structure that supports this is reserved, which is customary and accordingly stable.

DE-DE 41 16 317 A1 provides for the use of plastics for guardrails in that all components are made of plastic except for the fastening elements, but additionally a stabilizing profile is provided on the back of the plastic body serving as the guardrail and lying in front of the vertical supports is.

According to DE-OS 39 05 199 A1, guardrails are made from foamed hoses that have a textile base. This type of guardrail embodies a guidance system which, due to the high dynamic forces of a skidding street vehicle, is not suitable for acting as a protective device and restraining it on the road. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a vehicle restraint system for travel routes, which was created on the basis of reinforced plastics and which is reinforced by a mathematically precisely calculated and in this way integrated fiber structure, in particular in the stress zones, so that this at least selectively high train - and can absorb pressure forces without experiencing permanent deformations. At the same time, the use of conventional standard parts for assembly should be largely avoided. Furthermore, emerging requirements from the integration of developing driver assistance and telematics systems must be taken into account.

The object is achieved by first creating a guardrail profile which is known in terms of its shape and which consists of a suitable plastic, preferably polyester resin. However, a phenolic resin or similar long-term stable thermosetting plastic can also be used. In this guardrail profile, a strand-like fiber composite is embedded in the longitudinal direction throughout. For the purpose of achieving maximum tensile and bending strength, the fibers in the fiber composite are oriented in the direction of stress. These are preferably natural fibers.

The strand-like fiber composite can have transverse fiber layers for the purpose of cross-connecting individual fiber strands. A preferred variant according to the invention provides for these transverse fiber layers to be zigzag-shaped.

In order to connect the guardrail to the supporting system that supports it, fastening points for the fastening of the guardrail profile piece per se are predetermined. There are also options for retrofitting or on-site installation of components of driver assistance and telematics systems. systems as well as traffic status and anomaly registration and / or identification systems are provided. At these fastening points, the guardrail profile preferably has, in accordance with the load, spaced apart from one another geometrically determined ring fiber reinforcements with target connection points for storing fastening elements and the elements already mentioned. The strand-like fiber composite is designed to transmit tensile forces in a circular manner around these desired connection points.

The design of the guardrail system is based on a known profile cross-section, in which there are at least two U-like configurations lying next to one another in the vertical and with the open end facing away from traffic, which are connected to one another by means of a web. This U-like design can correspond directly to a flat letter "U", but it can also be a cross section in the form of a trapezoid without a base line.

It is also possible to design the guardrail system in the form of closed hollow profiles and to design the surfaces facing traffic according to the invention in a fiber-reinforced manner. It is basically irrelevant whether a tubular or box-shaped cross-section of the hollow profile is used, the tubular cross-section being more favorable for the effects on the colliding vehicle.

The advantage of this cross-section is that, in the event of an impact, a vehicle leaving the intended roadway is initially caught by the surfaces closest to it. If the forces increase and the guardrail bends or bulges on the vehicle, the vehicle then comes into contact with the web and the counteracting forces increase. In the case of a variation of the guardrail system which absorbs considerable loads, the fiber composite proposed according to the invention is likewise inserted in the direction of the web.

Colored embedding can take place in the surface of the guardrail profile to be produced, which permanently warn the vehicle driver, for example, in curve areas, whereby this embedding can likewise have a high degree of reflection. Colored designs in the form of coatings can also be used.

Guardrail profiles proposed according to the invention also have fixed lengths for manufacturing and assembly reasons. According to the invention, these fixed lengths are connected by butting the guardrail profiles. On the side facing away from traffic, a connecting piece overlapping the fixed lengths to be connected and glued to them is formed. A strand-like fiber composite is also continuously embedded in the longitudinal direction of this connecting piece. If the guardrail system is designed in the form of a closed hollow profile, the connecting piece is designed to be insertable into the free interior.

On the surfaces to be overlapped, these surfaces are additionally pressed and the guardrail profile in the area of the ring fiber reinforcements penetrates with desired connection points and on the side facing the traffic, the outer contour is designed with the least possible outstanding fastening elements.

For this purpose, fastening elements according to the invention are proposed in the form of plastic bolts which can be plugged into one another and glued together, and which are thus made up of an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, and which are on each Side to achieve a surface pressure have heads that allow clamping of the surfaces to be connected. On the side facing traffic, this head is preferably designed as a countersunk head, to which the receiving bore is then also adapted. It is also possible to have a flat head on the side facing traffic.

An advantageous embodiment of the fastening elements provides that the inner sleeve has at least one bead formed in a ring-shaped manner in substantial parts of the circumference on the outer surface, while the outer sleeve has at least one circumferential groove of identical dimensions on its inner wall. This allows the two parts to be fixed in place by snapping them into place.

Of course, the at least one bead formed in an annular manner in substantial parts of the circumference can also be arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the at least one circumferential groove can be arranged on the outer surface of the inner sleeve.

Both are arranged with regard to their length distribution so that when the inner and outer sleeves snap into place, the surfaces to be connected are pressed.

On the side facing away from traffic, a cladding part can be arranged adjoining a free leg of one of the U-like configurations and covering the U-like space and extending downward as required. The fastening elements already described are proposed as fastening elements. Known holders for the protected accommodation of lines, cables and similar systems can be integrated into the space thus created, oriented at least in the direction of the guardrail. To ensure the operation of driver assistance and telematics systems, the proposed using a single-conductor bus system. To ensure that the connection of the single-wire bus system is not interrupted in the event of a crash caused by a vehicle leaving the route, it is equipped with a length reserve and automatic retractor.

In the case of a design of the guardrail profile in the form of a plurality of closed hollow profiles superimposed on one another, lines, cables and similar systems are expediently laid in the interior of the closed hollow profiles.

It is also possible to store the single-wire bus system as a metallic, electrically conductive insert in the fiber composite. During assembly, the contact areas must be exposed at the transitions. After gluing in connection with the assembly, these connection points are again made contact-safe and weatherproof. This training is also important for repairs in the event of an accident.

In order to enable the protected installation of components of driver assistance and telematics systems as well as systems that register and / or identify traffic conditions and anomalies on the side facing away from traffic, recesses are arranged or retrofitted in the trim part, which can also be provided with removable covers. So that damaged elements can be easily replaced in the event of a crash, they are preferably connected to the supply lines by cable connectors designed as insulation displacement elements.

It is possible to classify information elements facing the traffic in the guardrail profile, which promptly transmit the necessary information to the driver. It is most expedient to use LED fields for this purpose, which are preferably arranged in the region of the web course.

It is also possible to adapt the vertical support system supporting the guardrail profile to the basic structure of the material from which the guardrail profile is made and to implement it from a fiber-reinforced plastic profile. In accordance with the grid dimension of the target connection points, which is predetermined by the fiber course in the guardrail, the supports can be designed at a distance that meets the requirements. This support system can be designed with a larger diameter, which is designed in such a way that amputation injuries of colliding two-wheelers are largely avoided.

At the point of attachment of the guardrail to the support system, the vehicle restraint system can be designed such that the support system is designed to accommodate a longitudinal displacement of the guardrail profile. This can be done by fastening the vertical supports via spacers, so that they are able to absorb a longitudinal displacement caused by a colliding vehicle as well as a torsional movement of the guardrail around the vertical support. The end of the support system protruding into the ground can also have an earth screw-like design if the load-bearing floor is sufficiently strong, so that it can be easily replaced in the event of a collision.

The solution proposed according to the invention not only leads to full substitution of known metal structures. It is characterized by the fact that it can absorb high torsional, tensile and compressive forces in the event of a crash. Due to its own low elastic deformation, a colliding vehicle with as little deflection as possible is returned to the lane without hurling it back over several lanes in a highly elastic manner. Through the The connecting fiber structure is consistently retained, both at the connection points and in the case of repairs in the specific length grid. The time required for installing new or replacing defective areas of the proposed protective device is significantly reduced. Damaged parts can be reused by reprocessing and returning them to the material cycle and do not occur as waste. Conventional fasteners such as steel screws can be dispensed with. By opening the ring fiber reinforcements, which are usually closed, by drilling or punching, nodes and installation points can be activated as desired as a connection point.

It is also readily possible to integrate microwave sensors or other suitable detectors that detect the relevant traffic variables into the guardrail system as soon as it is erected or subsequently. These can also be visibility detectors. There is also the option of providing the driver with information based on the specific traffic situation via programmable or freely selectable warning patterns in a timely manner.

In addition to the proposed system, GPS systems can also be used as the transmission system. Furthermore, the proposed vehicle pressure retention system can be used as a media carrier for energy supply and other communication purposes.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawing shows

1 shows the principle of fiber insertion in a guardrail section, 2 shows the basic representation of a fixed length of a guardrail,

3 shows the principle of connecting two guardrail sections,

4 shows a raised guardrail designed according to the invention,

5 shows a cross section through a variant of a guardrail proposed according to the invention,

6 shows the principle of the plastic bolts serving as fastening elements which can be plugged into one another and glued together.

A guardrail profile consists, for example, of 2 U-like profiles 1 lying next to one another in the vertical, which have the shape of a trapezoid without a base line and which are both connected to one another by means of an intermediate web 2. Of course it is also possible to create more than 2 profiles on top of each other.

Furthermore, it consists of polyester resin in that a fiber composite 3 in the form of natural fibers, which is proposed according to the invention, is arranged on a carrier layer which is formed at a suitable distance from connection-supporting material. This is then covered with the same plastic. The inserted fiber composite 3 is inserted in the direction of stress in a longitudinally oriented and strand-like manner. The fiber composite 3 proposed according to the invention is also inserted in the direction of the web 2. To improve the resistance to an extremely high tensile elongation, for example in In the event of an accident, the individual fiber strands of the fiber composite 3 are connected to one another by means of zigzag-shaped fiber layers.

The intended fastening points and other possibly necessary recesses are predetermined and are taken into account when laying out the fiber composite, so that 4 circular tensile forces are transmitted around these ring fiber reinforcements and a continuous flow of force is present.

The guardrail profile is designed in such a way that a recess can be opened at any time during construction site operation within each of the ring fiber reinforcements 4, which recess serves as the intended connection point.

After curing in an autoclave, the final strength of the guardrail profile is reached and after cutting to achieve a desired fixed length, the guardrail profile is ready for installation.

At the free end of the upper profile 1, a flat cover 5 is attached, which is also made of polyester resin and are integrated in the holders for cables 12.

When two fixed lengths are connected, they are butted. On the side facing away from traffic, a connecting piece 6, which overlaps the fixed lengths to be connected and is glued to them, is formed. A strand-like fiber composite 3 is also continuously embedded in the longitudinal direction of this connecting piece 6. On the surfaces to be overlapped, these two surfaces are additionally pressed and the guardrail profile in the area of the ring fiber reinforcements 4 penetrating with predetermined connection points and on the side facing traffic the fastening elements 7 are not significantly superior to the outer contour. These fasteners 7 are designed so that they consist of an inner sleeve 8 and an outer sleeve 9, which are designed to be plugged into one another and are glued together. Both sleeve parts have heads at their free ends so that they are able to press the guardrail parts to be joined together.

For this purpose, these fastening elements 7 according to the invention are inserted into one another and glued. For use on the traffic side, a sleeve part has a countersunk head, to which the embossing is further adapted. Furthermore, both parts have a circumferential bead or groove, so that the two parts are locked together in such a way that the guardrail parts to be connected are pressed. The predetermined flow of force is possible after the adhesive has hardened.

The support system provided as an example is designed such that the guardrail profiles can be attached to it. This possibility is unproblematic, in that connection pieces 6 are glued on in this area as reinforcements, in which the correspondence of the grid dimension of the ring fiber reinforcements 4 of the connection pieces 6 with the grid dimension of the ring fiber reinforcements 4 formed in the guardrail is observed. The vertical support 10 of the support system is arranged at a distance from the guardrail profile by means of at least one spacer 11, so that these spacers 11 are capable of slight longitudinal displacement and a torsional movement of the guardrail in order to intercept the vertical support.

The vertical supports 10 are advantageously made of a fiber-reinforced plastic tube with a larger diameter, so that amputation injuries of colliding two-wheelers are largely avoided. On the free leg of the upper U-like profile 1, a cover 5 is fastened via the described fastening elements 7, which is designed, for example, up to the vertical of the trapezoidal U-like profile 1. In the resulting protected space, holders for cables 12 are available.

Reference numerals:

U-like profile 1

Bridge 2

Fiber composite 3

Ring fiber reinforcements 4

Cover 5

Connector 6

Fasteners 7

Inner sleeve 8

Outer sleeve 9

Prop 10

Spacer 11

Brackets for cables 12

Fiber layer 13

Claims

claims:

1. Vehicle restraint system for roads and the like, in which a guardrail profile is made of a fiber-reinforced plastic, in the longitudinal direction of which at least one strand-like fiber composite (3) is embedded in the longitudinal direction, the guardrail profile preferably spaced apart from one another geometrically determined ring fiber reinforcements (4) with target connection points is designed to store fastening points of components of driver assistance and telematics systems as well as systems that register and / or identify traffic conditions and anomalies, and the strand-like fiber composite (3) around these ring fiber reinforcements (4) is designed to transmit toroidal tensile forces.

2. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 1, in which the strand-like fiber composite (3) for transverse connection of individual fiber strands has transverse fiber layers (13).

3. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 2, wherein the transverse fiber layers (13) are arranged in a zigzag shape.

, Vehicle restraint system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the guardrail profile consists of at least two U-like profiles (1) which are arranged next to one another in the vertical and with the open end facing away from traffic, with a web (2) between them for their connection. is available.

5. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the guardrail profile is made up of at least two closed hollow profiles arranged in the vertical and the surfaces facing traffic are designed fiber-reinforced according to the invention, with a web (2 ) is available.

6. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 4, wherein the U-like profile (1) is designed in the form of a trapezoid without a baseline.

7. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the fiber composite (3) is also formed in the web (2).

8. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the fibers in the fiber composite (3) are oriented stretched in the direction of stress.

9. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which individual fixed lengths of the guardrail profile are connected by means of a butt joint, on the side facing away from traffic that overlaps the fixed lengths to be connected and glued to them a connecting piece (6), in the longitudinal direction of this connecting piece (6), a strand-like fiber composite is formed in a longitudinally oriented manner ( 3) is stored, at least partially with the division existing in the guardrail profile, indented ring fiber reinforcements (4) with target connection point for the storage of fastening points of components of driver assistance and telematics systems as well as traffic conditions and anomalies registering and / or indicating systems, to which overlapping surfaces additionally pressing these two surfaces and fastening elements (7) penetrating the guardrail profile in the area of the ring fiber reinforcements (4).

10. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 9, wherein the fastening elements (7) in the form of mutually pluggable and mutually adhesive inner sleeve (8) and outer sleeve (9) are executed, inner sleeve (8) and outer sleeve (9) on their free ends for securing dimensionally more strongly dimensioned headboard are formed.

11. The vehicle restraint system according to claim 10, wherein the inner sleeve (8) has on its outer surface an at least substantial part of the circumference of a bead, the outer sleeve (9) has identical dimensions on its inner wall at least one circumferential groove and groove and bead are arranged with respect to their longitudinal distribution so that when snapping in Inner and outer sleeve is lightly pressed on the surfaces to be connected.

12. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 10, wherein the outer sleeve (9) has on its inner surface an at least in substantial parts of the circumference of a ring-shaped bead, the inner sleeve (8) has identical dimensions on its outer wall at least one circumferential groove and groove and bead with respect to them Longitudinal distribution are arranged so that when the inner and outer sleeves snap into place, the surfaces to be connected are lightly pressed.

13. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 12, in which polyester resin is used as the fiber-reinforced plastic.

14. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 13, in which at least one free leg of a U-like design (1) adjoins and an emerging U-shaped space to the side facing away from traffic covering a cover (5) is arranged Known holders (12) for lines, cables and similar systems are integrated into the resulting space, oriented at least in the direction of the guardrail.

15. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 14, in which at least one of the vertically adjacent profiles (1) is designed to contain driver assistance systems.

16. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 15, in which at least one of the vertically adjacent profiles (1) is designed to include telematics systems, also relating to the detection of the traffic situation, also by optical display elements.

17. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 15 or 16, in which the operation of driver assistance and telematics systems as well as traffic conditions and anomalies registering and / or identifying systems is ensured by the use of a single-conductor bus system.

18. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 17, wherein the single-wire bus system is equipped with a length reserve and automatic reel-up.

19. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 17, in which the single-conductor bus system is integrated in the fiber composite.

0. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 14, in which the trim part (13) in the area of the arrangement of components of driver assistance and telematics systems as well as traffic conditions and anomalies registering and / or identifying systems on the side facing away from traffic is designed to have at least one removable cover Components of each of the systems mentioned are connected to the necessary supply lines via cable connectors designed as insulation displacement elements.

21. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 20, in which information elements facing traffic are arranged in at least one of the vertically adjacent profiles (1).

22. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 4 to 21, in which information elements are formed in the region of the course of the web (2).

23. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 21 or 22, in which LED fields are formed as information elements.

24. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 23, in which colored inclusions are made in the area of the guardrail profile facing the traffic.

25. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 24, in which in the vertical, the guard rail supporting supports (10) is formed as part of a support system made of a fiber-reinforced plastic profile.

26. Vehicle restraint system according to claim 25, wherein the support system is designed to accommodate a longitudinal displacement of the guardrail profile and torsional movement of the guardrail about the vertical support (10).

27. The vehicle restraint system according to claim 26, wherein the support (10) supporting the guardrail in the vertical is connected to the guardrail by a spacer (11) in relation to the guardrail.

28. Vehicle restraint system according to one of claims 25 to 27, in which the vertical supporting the guardrail support (10) at the end located in the ground is designed to have an earth screw configuration.