WO2005081051A1 - Dispositif optique de modulation à cristal liquide - Google Patents

Dispositif optique de modulation à cristal liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005081051A1
WO2005081051A1 PCT/JP2005/002611 JP2005002611W WO2005081051A1 WO 2005081051 A1 WO2005081051 A1 WO 2005081051A1 JP 2005002611 W JP2005002611 W JP 2005002611W WO 2005081051 A1 WO2005081051 A1 WO 2005081051A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
voltage
light
incident light
wavelength
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PCT/JP2005/002611
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takuji Nomura
Atsushi Koyanagi
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Asahi Glass Company, Limited
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Priority to JP2006510250A priority Critical patent/JPWO2005081051A1/ja
Publication of WO2005081051A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005081051A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13775—Polymer-stabilized liquid crystal layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal light modulation element for controlling light transmittance, a state of a wavefront, and the like in an optical system using a semiconductor laser, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal light modulation element used for optical communication, an optical head device, or the like.
  • a liquid crystal light modulation element for controlling light transmittance, a state of a wavefront, and the like in an optical system using a semiconductor laser, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal light modulation element used for optical communication, an optical head device, or the like.
  • a cholesteric liquid crystal or a nematic liquid crystal containing a chiral agent has a broadly defined cholesteric liquid crystal structure in which liquid crystal molecules 10 have a helical twisted orientation as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. Collectively, it is simply called "cholesteric liquid crystal".
  • the voltage application response of these cholesteric liquid crystals is as follows.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a substantially horizontal direction, and a helical axis is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the substrate in a planar state.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 As an example of an element using a cholesteric liquid crystal, for example, there is a display element utilizing light scattering characteristics in a focal conic state (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
  • a display element utilizing light scattering characteristics in a focal conic state for example, see Non-Patent Document 1.
  • a liquid crystal shutter using light scattering characteristics in a focal conic state for example, see Patent Document 1
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration.
  • the optical attenuator 200 shown in FIG. 1 has a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 1 having a helical structure as shown in FIG. 2 between a substrate 5 and a substrate 6 on which electrodes 3 and 4 for voltage application are formed.
  • the liquid crystal cell 110 which is held so that its helical axis is perpendicular to the substrates 5 and 6 and is hermetically sealed with the sealing material 2, and the light exit surface side of the liquid crystal cell 110,
  • a polarizer 7 that selectively transmits linearly polarized light in the same direction as the polarization direction is arranged.
  • the polarization direction of the incident light is indicated by reference numeral 9 in FIG.
  • the reason that the allowable amount of variation in the thickness of the optical disc is reduced is that the spherical aberration, which is one of the wavefront aberrations, occurs in proportion to the variation in the thickness of the optical disc, and the light-collecting characteristics of the optical head device deteriorate. This makes it difficult to read signals.
  • the following methods have been proposed as means for correcting spherical aberration.
  • the first method is to mechanically change the position of the collimating lens in accordance with the amount of generated spherical aberration, to generate spherical aberration between the collimating lens and the objective lens, and to generate the optical disk thickness error.
  • There is a method for canceling spherical aberration hereinafter referred to as a mechanical method.
  • mechanical method Since a movable part for mechanically moving the mate lens (hereinafter referred to as a mechanical movable part) is required, there is a disadvantage that the configuration of the optical head device becomes complicated or large.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4 260024
  • Patent Document 2 JP-A-10-20263
  • Non-patent Document 1 Liquid Crystal Handbook Editing Committee, ⁇ LCD Handbook Chapter 5 '', Maruzen Co., Ltd., 2000
  • phase correction element In the phase correction element disclosed in Patent Document 2, a nematic liquid crystal or a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal is used, so that the phase in the polarization direction of the incident light is changed.
  • Dependent polarization state dependence occurs.
  • the wavelength of the light source is short, about 405 nm, it is not sufficient to correct the wavefront aberration of the light emitted from the light source, and it is necessary to correct the wavefront aberration of the light reflected by the optical recording medium.
  • a method of removing or reducing the polarization state dependency a method of using two layers of phase correction elements is conceivable, but there is a problem that the element configuration becomes complicated.
  • the present invention has been made to solve such a problem.
  • a liquid crystal light modulation element using a cholesteric liquid crystal a light scattering state caused by the appearance of a focal conic state in a voltage application process and a voltage cutoff process.
  • a liquid crystal light modulation element in which no light is generated is provided.
  • the present invention has the following gist.
  • a liquid crystal light modulation device that performs modulation on the liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is formed by polymerizing a liquid crystal composition containing a cholesteric liquid crystal, a non-liquid crystal monofunctional polymerizable monomer, and a liquid crystal polyfunctional polymerizable monomer.
  • a liquid crystal light modulation element comprising a polymer stable cholesteric liquid crystal, wherein a light scattering state does not occur due to the appearance of a focal conic state in both a voltage application process and a voltage cutoff process.
  • a liquid crystal light modulation device using the cholesteric liquid crystal, a liquid crystal light modulation device can be realized in which the light scattering state due to the appearance of the focal conic state does not occur during the voltage application process and the voltage cutoff process.
  • the polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal is compared with the non-liquid crystal monomer in the total amount of the cholesteric liquid crystal, the non-liquid crystal monofunctional polymerizable monomer, and the liquid crystal polyfunctional polymerizable monomer in the liquid crystal composition.
  • the polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal obtained by polymerizing a liquid crystal composition containing 115% by mass of a functional polymerizable monomer and 3 to 7% by mass of a liquid crystalline polyfunctional polymerizable monomer. 3.
  • the liquid crystal light modulation device according to item 1.
  • the liquid crystal light modulating element further comprises a polarization selecting means for selectively transmitting linearly polarized light in a predetermined direction on a light exit surface side thereof, and the liquid crystal layer has a selective reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal light modulating light.
  • the angle of optical rotation when the incident light is transmitted is within a range of more than 0 ° and less than 180 °, and the application of voltage to the electrode and the The liquid crystal light modulation device of the above 1 or 2, wherein the transmittance of the incident light changes depending on the application.
  • the optical rotation angle can be changed in accordance with the magnitude of the applied voltage, so that a liquid crystal light modulation element that can control the amount of transmitted light can be realized.
  • the amount of transmitted light can be continuously changed by continuously changing the applied voltage.
  • the selective reflection wavelength is shorter than the wavelength of the incident light of the liquid crystal modulation element, and the optical rotation angle when the incident light is transmitted when no voltage is applied is substantially zero.
  • At least one of the electrodes is formed so as to generate an inter-substrate voltage distribution in the substrate plane, and changes in the liquid crystal layer according to the inter-substrate voltage distribution.
  • the liquid crystal light modulation device according to the above 1 or 2, wherein the wavefront of the incident light is changed by causing a refractive index to occur.
  • the liquid crystal light modulator that can correct the wavefront aberration by changing the phase by changing the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer according to the magnitude of the applied voltage depends on the polarization state. Can be realized without gender.
  • a liquid crystal modulation element using a cholesteric liquid crystal, in which a light scattering state due to the appearance of a focal conic state does not occur in a voltage application process and a voltage cutoff process.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a configuration of a liquid crystal light modulation element (optical attenuator) according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an example of a configuration of a conventional liquid crystal light modulation element (optical attenuator).
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a configuration of a liquid crystal light modulation element (optical attenuator) according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an example of a configuration of a conventional liquid crystal light modulation element (optical attenuator).
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing a molecular arrangement of a cholesteric liquid crystal.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph of measurement results showing the wavelength dependence of the optical rotation angle, ellipticity, and transmittance of the experimental liquid crystal cell.
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing spherical aberration when 0.03 mm of thickness unevenness occurs on an optical disc.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an electrode pattern of a liquid crystal light modulation element (phase correction element) according to an example of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal light modulation device is used in an optical system using a light source such as a semiconductor laser, and includes a pair of opposed substrates, and electrodes formed on opposed surfaces of each substrate, And a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of opposing substrates.
  • a light source such as a semiconductor laser
  • a substrate constituting the liquid crystal light modulation element for example, an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a salt-based butyl resin, or a polycarbonate may be used. Is preferred.
  • a known spacer such as a glass fiber or a plastic bead is interposed between the substrates in order to maintain a predetermined thickness in the liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates.
  • a horizontal alignment film is formed on the surface of the substrate sandwiching the liquid crystal layer, a planar state in which the helical axis of the cholesteric liquid crystal is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the substrate can be easily realized. Therefore, it is suitable.
  • Polyimide or the like can be used as a material for the alignment film. Further, it is also preferable to perform a rubbing treatment on the horizontal alignment film so as to uniformly align the liquid crystal molecules near the substrate interface.
  • an oxide film made of indium tin oxide (ITO) or a metal film having a strong force such as Au or A1 can be used. It is suitable because it has good permeability and good mechanical durability.
  • the liquid crystal layer is composed of a polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal obtained by polymerizing a liquid crystal composition including a cholesteric liquid crystal, a non-liquid crystal monofunctional polymerizable monomer, and a liquid crystal polyfunctional polymerizable monomer. Layer.
  • a nematic liquid crystal (chiral nematic liquid crystal) containing a cholesteric liquid crystal / chiral agent can be used.
  • concentration of the chiral agent by adjusting the concentration of the chiral agent, the wavelength of light that is selectively reflected (hereinafter, referred to as “selective reflection wavelength”) can be adjusted.
  • a commercially available nematic liquid crystal used for a liquid crystal display device may be used.
  • a nematic liquid crystal having a structure containing 2 to 4 benzene rings and cyclohexane rings is exemplified.
  • the liquid crystal preferably has a substituent such as a fluorine atom or a cyano group.
  • a chiral agent is an optically active substance having an asymmetric carbon and does not necessarily have to exhibit liquid crystallinity, but has high compatibility with a nematic liquid crystal and a high twisting power (HTP). Material is desirable ⁇ .
  • HTP lZ (P'C) between the torsional force (HTP), the helical pitch (P), and the chiral agent concentration (C).
  • the spiral pitch can be reduced by using a spiral agent.
  • a mixture of a plurality of chiral agents may be used to reduce the temperature dependence of the helical pitch.
  • the non-liquid crystalline monofunctional polymerizable monomer used to obtain the above liquid crystal layer includes one Is a non-liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable functional group.
  • the monomer is preferably a compound having one atalyloyl group or methacryloyl group (preferably atariloyl group), but non-liquid crystalline acrylates and non-liquid crystalline methacrylates are preferred. Non-liquid crystalline acrylates are particularly preferred.
  • the liquid crystalline polyfunctional polymerizable monomer is a liquid crystalline compound having two or more, preferably two, polymerizable functional groups.
  • the polymerizable functional group an atalyloyl group, which is preferably an atalyloyl group or a methacryloyl group, is particularly preferable.
  • the liquid crystalline polyfunctional polymerizable monomer liquid crystalline diatalylate (for example, product number: RM-257, manufactured by Merck) is preferred!
  • the liquid crystalline polyfunctional polymerizable monomer bonds between the molecules of the non-liquid crystalline monofunctional polymerizable monomer to form a network structure.
  • the refractive index of the polymer obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable monomer coincide with the refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal because the light scattering of incident light is reduced.
  • the amount of the non-liquid crystalline monofunctional polymerizable monomer is 115% by mass based on the total amount of the cholesteric liquid crystal, the non-liquid crystalline monofunctional polymerizable monomer, and the liquid crystalline polyfunctional polymerizable monomer. It is preferably 4% by mass.
  • the amount of the liquid crystalline polyfunctional polymerizable monomer is 3 to 7% by mass based on the total amount of the cholesteric liquid crystal, the non-liquid crystalline monofunctional polymerizable monomer, and the liquid crystalline polyfunctional polymerizable monomer. It is preferably 6% by mass.
  • a cholesteric liquid crystal when used by using a non-liquid crystalline compound as a monofunctional polymerizable monomer, light due to the appearance of a focal conic state can be obtained during a voltage application process and a voltage cutoff process. The effect of preventing the occurrence of the scattering state is obtained. In order to realize this effect, it is considered that the relative ratio between the non-liquid crystalline monofunctional polymerizable monomer and the liquid crystalline polyfunctional polymerizable monomer is important. It is preferable that the polymerizable monomer is contained more than the non-liquid crystalline monofunctional polymerizable monomer. Specifically, it is preferable to use a liquid crystal polyfunctional polymerizable monomer in an amount of 112 times by mass the non-liquid crystal monofunctional polymerizable monomer.
  • a polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal can be obtained by sandwiching the liquid crystal composition between the pair of opposed substrates and irradiating ultraviolet rays to perform a polymerization reaction.
  • the intensity of the ultraviolet light and the polymerization temperature can be appropriately set.
  • the polymerization reaction is effective
  • the amount of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass based on the liquid crystal composition. Particularly preferred is 0.05-0.5% by mass.
  • the liquid crystal used in the liquid crystal layer is obtained by polymerizing a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal exhibiting a cholesteric blue phase and a polymerizable monomer, and the cholesteric blue phase appears due to networking of the polymer. You may use a polymer-stabilized cholesteric blue phase liquid crystal with an extended temperature range! ,.
  • An anti-reflection film may be formed on the surface of the liquid crystal light modulation element of the present invention, if necessary, for the purpose of suppressing reflection of incident light!
  • the liquid crystal light modulation device having the above-described configuration further includes a polarization selection unit that selectively transmits linearly polarized light in a predetermined direction on the light exit surface side thereof. Is such that the selective reflection wavelength is in the vicinity of the wavelength of the incident light of the liquid crystal light modulation element, and when no voltage is applied, the optical rotation angle when the incident light is transmitted exceeds 0 ° and is less than 180 °. It is assumed that the transmittance of incident light changes according to whether voltage is applied to the electrode or not.
  • the selective reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal layer is near the wavelength of the incident light
  • the selective reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal layer and the incident light of the liquid crystal layer are sufficiently large so that the optical rotation to the incident light is exhibited in the liquid crystal. It means that the wavelength is close. Specifically, the difference between the two wavelengths is preferably less than 100 nm. However, if these two wavelengths are too close, the insertion loss due to reflection may increase. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the selective reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal layer so that the wavelength of the incident light is separated by 5 nm or more, preferably 30 nm or more from the reflection end closer to the incident light of the selective reflection wavelength.
  • the optical rotation angle when no voltage is applied is up to a power of 20 ° to 160 °, particularly from 50 ° to 130 °, and further to an 80 ° force of 100 °, the contrast of emitted light caused by the presence or absence of an applied voltage This is preferable because it is possible to improve
  • the transmittance at the time of light attenuation can be reduced to 42% or less.
  • the transmittance at the time of light attenuation can be reduced to 3% or less.
  • it is preferable to set the optical rotation angle to 90 ° when no voltage is applied since the contrast of the emitted light generated by the presence or absence of the applied voltage can be maximized.
  • an optical attenuator having incident wavelength dependence can be realized. That is, when the incident light includes the first incident light having the first wavelength and the second incident light having the second wavelength, the liquid crystal layer has a selective reflection wavelength of the first wavelength.
  • the angle of rotation when the incident light is transmitted when no voltage is applied is more than 0 ° and less than 180 ° within the range, for the second incident light, the angle of rotation when the incident light is transmitted when no voltage is applied is substantially zero, and for the first incident light,
  • the transmittance changes depending on whether the voltage is applied to the electrode or not, and the transmittance does not substantially change for the second incident light regardless of whether the voltage is applied to the electrode or not. To do. In this way, it is possible to realize a liquid crystal light modulation element that acts as an optical attenuator due to optical rotation for the first incident light and does not act as an optical attenuator for the second incident light. it can.
  • the selective reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal layer is sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of the second incident light so that the optical rotation of the second incident light becomes substantially zero.
  • the reflection end of the liquid crystal layer on the incident light side of the selective reflection wavelength is 100 nm or more, preferably 200 nm or more / J, with respect to the wavelength of the second incident light. .
  • polarization selecting means a polarizer or a birefringent material utilizing absorption of light in a specific wavelength region obtained by dispersing a uniaxial dichroic dye or the like in a transparent film or the like is used.
  • a polarizer using the obtained diffraction, a polarizer using total reflection made of an inorganic material such as a Glan-Thompson prism, or the like can be used.
  • the liquid crystal layer When used as a phase correction element, the liquid crystal layer has a selective reflection wavelength at a wavelength shorter than the wavelength of the incident light of the liquid crystal modulation element, and the optical rotation angle of the incident light when no voltage is applied. Is substantially zero, and at least one of the electrodes is formed so as to generate an inter-substrate voltage distribution in the plane of the substrate, and changes in the liquid crystal layer according to the inter-substrate voltage distribution are generated.
  • the wavefront of the incident light By changing the wavefront of the incident light by causing it to have a refractive index To.
  • one of the electrodes formed on the pair of substrates is divided so that the applied voltage differs for each of the divided electrode portions.
  • the shape of the electrode may be selected in accordance with the shape of the wavefront to be corrected. For example, when spherical aberration is corrected, concentric circular or annular split electrodes can be used.
  • a part of the electrode is formed of a film having higher electric resistance than other parts, and a potential distribution is continuously provided in the electrode surface. You may make it do. Further, a configuration having both the electrode capable of providing such a continuous potential distribution and the above-mentioned divided electrode may be employed.
  • two or more power supply units for supplying different voltages are formed at different positions in the plane of the electrode on at least one substrate.
  • the electrodes forming two or more power supply units for supplying different voltages may be a single continuous electrode or a divided electrode obtained by dividing one electrode into a plurality of electrodes.
  • two or more power supply units for supplying different voltages to the divided electrodes are formed, two or more power supply units for supplying different voltages to all the divided electrodes may be formed.
  • Two or more power supply units for supplying different voltages to the divided electrodes of the unit may be formed.
  • the number of power supply sections varies depending on the purpose and shape. If about 10 electrodes are provided for one electrode, the wavefront can be changed by a necessary amount. [0053] The sheet resistance of the power supply part material forming the power supply part and the sheet of the electrode material other than the power supply part
  • the ratio p / ⁇ to the resistance P is preferably set to 1000 or more. / ⁇ force, in case
  • ⁇ is about 0.1—10 ⁇ , and ⁇ is 100
  • the feeding portion materials include copper, gold, aluminum, metal material such as chrome point force of conductive 'durability preferred, the electrical resistivity at room temperature 10- 8 - 10- 7 ⁇ ⁇ at about ⁇ If it is, a material other than metal may be used.
  • the shape and size of the power supply unit are corrected! /, And are changed in accordance with the wavefront aberration. That is, the change in the wavefront generated by the phase correction element depends on the shape and size of the power supply unit, and may be changed according to the type of the corrected wavefront aberration, the generated wavefront shape, and the wavefront shape.
  • the wavefront aberration includes coma, spherical aberration, astigmatism and the like.
  • each of the plurality of power supply units is arranged in a concentric annular shape.
  • the selective reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal layer is sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of the second incident light so that the optical rotation of the second incident light becomes almost zero.
  • the reflection end on the incident light side of the selective reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal layer is preferably 100 nm or more, preferably 200 nm or more smaller than the wavelength of the second incident light.
  • the voltage is too small, the voltage for driving the cholesteric liquid crystal will increase. It is preferable to do.
  • the absorption edge is at a wavelength of 300 nm or more!
  • FIG. 1 is a side sectional view conceptually showing the configuration of the liquid crystal light modulation device according to the present embodiment.
  • the liquid crystal light modulation device according to the present embodiment is realized as an optical attenuator 200.
  • the optical attenuator 200 is referred to as a liquid crystal light modulation element (optical attenuator) 200.
  • liquid crystal layer 1 of the liquid crystal light modulator (optical attenuator) 200 As a material of the liquid crystal layer 1 of the liquid crystal light modulator (optical attenuator) 200, 50.4% by mass of a nematic liquid crystal (manufactured by Chisso Corporation, product number: JC-1041XX), and a nematic liquid crystal (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 35.6% by mass, product number: 5CB), 6.28% by mass of a right-handed chiral agent (Merck, product number: ZLI-4572) with a torsional force of about 30 [lZ wm], liquid crystal bifunctional Atarire preparative (Merck, product number: RM257) a 5.02 mass%, and non-liquid crystal monofunctional Atarire over preparative (hexyl Atari rate to 2 Echiru, Aldrich Co., Ltd.) 2.42 mass 0 / 0, the polymerization initiator (2, 2-dimethoxy-2-Hue
  • the compounding ratio of each component is the ratio of each component to the total amount of the nematic liquid crystal, the chiral agent, the liquid crystalline bifunctional acrylate, the non-liquid crystalline monofunctional acrylate, and the polymerization initiator.
  • electrodes 3 and 4 having ITO power were formed on substrates 5 and 6, and a horizontal alignment film (not shown) was further formed thereon, followed by rubbing.
  • the liquid crystal prepared as described above was placed in a cell formed by substrates 5 and 6 on which electrodes 3 and 4 and a horizontal alignment film were formed as shown in FIG. 1, and a sealing material 2 mixed with a spacer for liquid crystal. Enclose the composition to form a liquid crystal layer 1 with a die of 10 m.
  • the liquid crystal layer 1 was irradiated with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 365 nm at 10 OmWZcm 2 to form a polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal, thereby producing a liquid crystal cell 110.
  • a polarizer 7 for selectively transmitting linearly polarized light in a predetermined direction is provided on the light emission surface side of the liquid crystal cell 110 with the polarization direction of the incident light (here, the Y-axis direction).
  • the liquid crystal light modulation device (optical attenuator) 200 was manufactured by adhesively fixing the polarization direction to the same Y-axis direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing these results.
  • the reflection end of the liquid crystal layer of the present example on the long wavelength side of the selective reflection wavelength is near 650 nm, and the transmitted light has almost an ellipticity with respect to the incident light having the wavelength of 660 nm.
  • this liquid crystal light modulation element acts as an optical attenuator with a contrast of about 3: 1 for incident light having a wavelength of 660 nm.
  • the graph shown in FIG. 3 indicates that the light is linearly polarized light having an ellipticity of almost 0, and does not exhibit optical rotation (the optical rotation angle is zero). It can be seen that the light transmitted through the polarizer is transmitted with a transmittance of about 100% when no voltage is applied. In addition, the transmittance when voltage is applied becomes 100% for the same reason as described for the incident light with a wavelength of 660 nm, and does not act as an optical attenuator for the incident light with a wavelength of 780 nm! / .
  • the liquid crystal cell 110 manufactured as this experimental element was applied to the liquid crystal cell 110 manufactured as this experimental element, and the change in the refractive index was measured at a wavelength of 750 nm. As a result, it was confirmed that the refractive index isotropically decreased by about 0.08. From this, by forming one of the electrodes 3 and 4 so as to generate a distribution of the inter-substrate voltage in the substrate surface in accordance with the wavefront aberration to be corrected, the inter-substrate voltage is formed. By changing the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer according to the distribution, the wavefront of the incident light can be changed.
  • Figure 4 shows the wavefront aberration (spherical surface) that occurs when the thickness of the optical disk is 0.03 mm thicker than the design value of 0.6 mm in an optical system with an objective lens NA of 0.65 and a light source wavelength of 0.4 m.
  • FIG. If the optical disk is thicker than the design value, the phase of the middle part sandwiched between the center of the effective pupil and the peripheral part of the effective pupil is advanced, and if the optical disk is thinner than the design value, The phase is delayed.
  • Fig. 5 shows the electrode pattern of the phase correction element in this example.
  • the hatched portions in FIG. 5 are one continuous transparent electrode 80 formed of an ITO film, and the thick line portions are metal electrodes 81 to 83 functioning as a power supply unit.
  • Each of the metal electrodes 81-83 is connected to an external signal source via a metal wiring 84, and can supply an arbitrary voltage from each of the signals 113.
  • the electrode pattern is formed as follows. First, an ITO film is formed on a glass substrate by a sputtering method, and then patterned using a photolithography technique. At this time, the portion where the metal electrodes 81-83 are formed leaves the ITO film, and the metal wiring portion connected to the metal electrodes 82 and 83 is etched around the metal wiring portion so as to be insulated from the transparent electrode 80. Remove the ITO film. Next, metal electrodes 82 and 83 and metal wiring of FIG. 5 are formed. The metal electrode material used here is aluminum.
  • the outer diameters of metal electrodes 81 and 82 in FIG. 5 are 4 mm and 3 mm, respectively, the width is 100 ⁇ m, and the diameter of metal electrode 83 is 200 ⁇ m.
  • An appropriate voltage is supplied to the metal electrodes 81, 82, and 83 in order to correct the spherical aberration generated by the thickness unevenness of the optical disk of 0.03 mm by the phase correction element.
  • the electrode facing the electrode with three power supply parts (metal electrodes) is composed of one continuous transparent electrode with one power supply part, and is always at the OV potential.
  • a voltage distribution is generated in the transparent electrode 80 according to the voltage of each metal electrode. As a result of the voltage distribution producing a substantial refractive index distribution in the liquid crystal, the phase correction element can generate concentric phase changes.
  • the liquid crystal light modulation device is a liquid crystal light modulation device using cholesteric liquid crystal, in which a light scattering state due to the appearance of a focal conic state does not occur in a voltage application process and a voltage cutoff process. It is a modulation element and can be used for optical communication or optical head devices.
  • cholesteric liquid crystal in which a light scattering state due to the appearance of a focal conic state does not occur in a voltage application process and a voltage cutoff process. It is a modulation element and can be used for optical communication or optical head devices.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif optique de modulation à cristal liquide dans lequel tout état de diffusion de la lumière dû à un état conique de focale n’est pas provoqué dans le processus d’application de tension et le processus de coupure de tension même si un cristal liquide cholestérique est utilisé. Le dispositif optique de modulation à cristal liquide comprend une paire de substrats opposés (5, 6), des électrodes (3, 4) formées sur les substrats respectifs (5, 6) et une couche de cristal liquide (1) interposée entre les substrats (5, 6) et fixée par un agent de scellement (2). La couche de cristal liquide (1) comprend un cristal liquide cholestérique stabilisé par polymère formé en tant que composite d’un cristal liquide de faible poids moléculaire formant une phase cholestérique et un cristal liquide polymère photopolymérisable. Tout état de diffusion de la lumière dû à un état conique de la focale peut être empêché à la fois dans les états d’application et de coupure de tension. FIG. 1: a LUMIÈRE INCIDENTE
PCT/JP2005/002611 2004-02-20 2005-02-18 Dispositif optique de modulation à cristal liquide WO2005081051A1 (fr)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007101922A (ja) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-19 Seiko Epson Corp 画像表示装置
CN102338895A (zh) * 2011-09-28 2012-02-01 电子科技大学 一种焦距可调的双焦点非球面微透镜
JP2016502145A (ja) * 2012-12-14 2016-01-21 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド 重合性組成物（ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｉｚａｂｌｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ）
US9541774B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2017-01-10 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Control device for variable focus lenses, control method for variable focus lenses, and electronic glasses
US20210324272A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2021-10-21 Fujifilm Corporation Liquid crystal composition, method for producing high-molecular weight liquid crystal compound, light absorption anisotropic film, laminate, and image display device

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JP2001143303A (ja) * 1999-09-02 2001-05-25 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 光ヘッド装置
JP2003327966A (ja) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-19 Japan Science & Technology Corp 光学変調素子用液晶材料

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001143303A (ja) * 1999-09-02 2001-05-25 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 光ヘッド装置
JP2003327966A (ja) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-19 Japan Science & Technology Corp 光学変調素子用液晶材料

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007101922A (ja) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-19 Seiko Epson Corp 画像表示装置
JP4600238B2 (ja) * 2005-10-05 2010-12-15 セイコーエプソン株式会社 画像表示装置
CN102338895A (zh) * 2011-09-28 2012-02-01 电子科技大学 一种焦距可调的双焦点非球面微透镜
CN102338895B (zh) * 2011-09-28 2013-11-06 电子科技大学 一种焦距可调的双焦点非球面微透镜
US9541774B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2017-01-10 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Control device for variable focus lenses, control method for variable focus lenses, and electronic glasses
JP2016502145A (ja) * 2012-12-14 2016-01-21 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド 重合性組成物（ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒｉｚａｂｌｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ）
US9828550B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2017-11-28 Lg Chem, Ltd. Polymerizable composition and method for manufacturing liquid crystal device
US9840668B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2017-12-12 Lg Chem, Ltd. Liquid crystal device
US10370591B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2019-08-06 Lg Chem, Ltd. Liquid crystal device
US20210324272A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2021-10-21 Fujifilm Corporation Liquid crystal composition, method for producing high-molecular weight liquid crystal compound, light absorption anisotropic film, laminate, and image display device
US11697770B2 (en) * 2018-12-21 2023-07-11 Fujifilm Corporation Liquid crystal composition, method for producing high-molecular weight liquid crystal compound, light absorption anisotropic film, laminate, and image display device

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