WO2005074766A1 - Ustensile de cuisson anti-adhesif - Google Patents

Ustensile de cuisson anti-adhesif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005074766A1
WO2005074766A1 PCT/CN2004/001095 CN2004001095W WO2005074766A1 WO 2005074766 A1 WO2005074766 A1 WO 2005074766A1 CN 2004001095 W CN2004001095 W CN 2004001095W WO 2005074766 A1 WO2005074766 A1 WO 2005074766A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stick
pot
wall
film
substrate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2004/001095
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Luquan Ren
Xiaoming Qiu
Qingping Liu
Guilan Zhang
Zhanrong Cui
Hongxiu Yang
Liang Ge
Original Assignee
Jilin University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jilin University filed Critical Jilin University
Priority to US10/597,507 priority Critical patent/US8308016B2/en
Priority to EP04762228A priority patent/EP1712167B8/en
Priority to DE602004017908T priority patent/DE602004017908D1/de
Publication of WO2005074766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005074766A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
    • A47J27/002—Construction of cooking-vessels; Methods or processes of manufacturing specially adapted for cooking-vessels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
    • A47J27/02—Cooking-vessels with enlarged heating surfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a kitchen cooker, in particular to a non-stick cooker. Background technique
  • Non-stick cookers are easy to clean and easy to use. They have become one of the first choices for consumers when buying cookers, especially newlywed families and white-collar workers who have more work-related stress. With the development of products and the maturity of consumer consumption concepts, the non-stick pan market will unleash huge market potential and will most likely replace ordinary kitchen cookers. Therefore, non-stick pan products have potential market space and rich market profit margins. In 1955, the world's first non-stick pan was born in France. French engineering] If Marc Gregoire is looking for a new use of Teflon, his wife suggested that this material be applied to the pot so that the food won't stick to the pot, so Gregoire made the world's first A non-stick pan and set up Teflon Foods Co., Ltd.
  • Non-stick pans are popular among consumers because of their beautiful appearance, novelty, non-stickiness when cooking, non-sticky, easy to clean, and easy to wash.
  • the main principle of the non-stick non-stick pan is to spray a layer of non-stick coating with polytetrafluoroethylene as the main raw material on the surface of the aluminum alloy pan body, and make the non-stick coating close to the aluminum substrate through 42CTC high temperature sintering Adhesion, using the strong chemical inertness of the non-stick coating to separate food from the pot body, thereby providing a non-stick effect.
  • more non-stick coatings are used-materials such as Teflon, CCC, and Kauflon, the most famous of which are Teflon produced by the United States' largest chemical company, DuPont. Teflo n .
  • non-stick coatings Although there are many commercial names for non-stick coatings, the main ingredients are the same. They are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene (abbreviated as 4F, PTFE). Polymer Materials. With the large number of non-stick pans entering the home, people have raised various concerns and concerns about the safety of non-stick pan coatings.
  • 4F polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a non-stick cookware which is harmless to human body and environment.
  • this structure can effectively reduce the contact area between its body surface and viscous materials, thereby reducing the number of chemical adsorption points, and on the other hand, it disrupts the continuity of the water film.
  • bionic non-stick design ideas Based on the bionic study of the structure and morphology of the biological surface, the surface of the non-stick pan was first modified, and the non-smooth morphology formed on the surface of the pan was used to form a composite interface to improve the hydrophobicity of the pan surface and reduce the surface and viscosity of the pan.
  • the inner wall of the cooker is made of a non-smooth surface with a raised unit body
  • the height of the raised unit body is 20-999Mm
  • the projected area relative to the inner wall surface of the cooker is 314-78343lMm 2
  • the distribution density of the raised unit body is such that the ratio of the geometric projection area on the surface of the inner wall of the cookware to the surface area of the base body is 10-60%, and a surface film is formed on the surface of the non-smooth unit body.
  • the convex unit body has a spherical crown shape, and can also be processed into a cylindrical shape, a square shape, a rhombus shape, a rectangular shape, and the like, and the size is limited to the micron level, and the range is 20-999Mm.
  • the diameter and height of the bottom circle of the ball crown are micron-sized, and the diameter and height dimensions range from 20 to 999 Mm.
  • the distribution density of the convex unit body is such that the ratio of the geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate to the surface area of the substrate is 10-60%, and the distribution form can be uniform or random. If it is uniformly distributed, it can be designed into various patterns.
  • the material used to make non-stick cookware is metal.
  • a pair of metal, oxide or nitride films that are harmless to the human body and the environment are formed on the surface of the cooker by physical and chemical methods.
  • the surface film can further reduce the adhesion strength and adhesion between food and the bottom of the pot.
  • the metal film may be made of a metal material that is not harmful to the human body and the environment, such as titanium, chromium, etc.
  • the oxide film may be an oxide formed by phosphorus, iron, aluminum, chromium, titanium, etc.
  • the film may be a nitride formed by a metal and nitrogen.
  • the inner wall of the cooker is made of a non-smooth surface with a raised unit body, and a surface film of a certain thickness is formed on the non-smooth surface, the desorption of the non-stick cooker can achieve the best effect.
  • the bottom of the pot has the lowest adhesion strength.
  • the ball crown type and the like according to the present invention can be called convex hull type or concave type. If the surface of the cookware is used as a reference surface, the convex surface is called convex hull type, otherwise it is called concave type.
  • the non-stick cookware manufactured according to the present invention is prepared by: according to the adhesion strength and adhesion of different foods to the surface of the cookware, designing convex unit bodies with different shapes on the inner wall surface of the non-stick cookware. Machining, die stamping, etching, engraving, etc., process convex unit bodies with different shapes on the surface of the cookware, and form a surface film on the surface of the cookware by physical or chemical methods, thereby forming a high desorption.
  • Non-stick cookware with performance and corrosion resistance is prepared by: according to the adhesion strength and adhesion of different foods to the surface of the cookware, designing convex unit bodies with different shapes on the inner wall surface of the non-stick cookware. Machining, die stamping, etching, engraving, etc., process convex unit bodies with different shapes on the surface of the cookware, and form a surface film on the surface of the cookware by physical or chemical methods, thereby forming a high desorption.
  • the non-stick cookware of the present invention can reduce the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the wall of the pot by 60% to 80%.
  • This technology has the advantages of simple processing, reliable performance, high temperature resistance, low cost, and high desorption of food.
  • the surface does not contain a coating, and the raised unit body formed on the surface of the pot wall can reduce the adhesion strength and adhesion between food and the pot wall to achieve the excellent effect of non-stick food on the pot.
  • the raised unit body does not fall off during cooking, nor does it pollute food and produce substances harmful to humans and the environment.
  • the surface film on the surface of the non-stick cookware can prevent metal elements from directly contacting food, and prevent metal elements from reacting with acidic or alkaline components in food at high temperatures.
  • the invention can not only solve the adhesion between food and the pan, but also can be used to solve the adhesion between other sticky and wet materials and the substrate.
  • different shapes of convex unit bodies are formed in the inner cavity of a plastic mold. It can improve the desorption of plastic from the mold at high temperature, and make it easy to release the plastic product.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 1 is a schematic view showing a distribution form of a spherical crown-shaped convex unit body on an inner wall surface of a non-stick cooker according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the shape of a spherical crown-shaped convex unit body shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the shape of a spherical crown-shaped convex unit body shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another distribution form of the convex unit body on the inner wall surface of the non-stick cooker according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the spherical crown-type convex unit body shown in FIG. 3; FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another distribution form of the convex unit body on the inner wall surface of the non-stick cooker according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spherical crown-shaped convex unit body shown in FIG. 5; FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another distribution form of the convex unit body on the inner wall surface of the non-stick cooker according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the shape of the spherical crown-type convex unit body shown in FIG. 7. detailed description
  • the non-stick pan of the present invention is based on traditional metal (aluminum, stainless steel, iron, steel) pans, according to the adhesion strength and adhesion of different foods to the pan wall, through laser processing, machining, die stamping, and corrosion Combined methods, a convex unit body with various geometric shapes is processed on the inner surface of the pot wall, and a surface film, such as a metal film, an oxide film or a nitride film, is formed on the surface of the pot wall in combination with physical and chemical methods.
  • the thickness of the surface film mainly affects the service life of the pot and does not affect the desorption of the pot. Therefore, the thickness of the surface film can be changed according to actual needs, and is usually not less than 10 Mm.
  • the oxide film can be aluminum, iron, titanium, chromium, phosphorus, and other oxides according to the properties of the non-stick pan.
  • the metal film must be a metal material that is harmless to the human body and the environment such as titanium and chromium. It may be a nitride formed by a metal and nitrogen.
  • the non-stick pan manufactured through the above process has high desorption performance.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is aluminum, and the shape of the convex unit body distributed on the inner wall surface is a ball crown type.
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the ball crown is 800Mm (that is, the projected area relative to the inner wall surface of the pot is 502400Mm 2 ).
  • h is ⁇
  • the distribution density of the convex unit is the sum of the geometric projection area on the substrate surface and the ratio of the surface area of the substrate is 60%.
  • the distribution form is random distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot. Compared with the smooth surface of the pot wall, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the pot wall were reduced by 78%.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is steel
  • the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is a spherical crown
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is 800Mm
  • the height h is 400Mm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pan is The ratio of the sum of the geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate to the surface area of the substrate is 60%.
  • the distribution pattern is a regular grid pattern.
  • a metal titanium film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated on the surface of the same material, food and The adhesion strength and adhesion of the pot wall were reduced by 62%.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is aluminum
  • the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is a spherical crown
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is 500Mm
  • the height h is 10OMm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pan is The ratio of the geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate to the surface area of the substrate is 50%.
  • the distribution pattern is random distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot surface. Compared with the smooth surface of the pot wall that is not treated with the same material surface, food and pot Wall adhesion strength and adhesion were reduced by 67%.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is aluminum, and the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is a spherical crown.
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is 500Mm and the height h is 300Mm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pan is The ratio of the sum of the geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate to the surface area of the substrate is 30%, and the distribution form is a regular distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot, and it is not on the surface of the same material Compared with the smooth surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the pot wall are reduced by 60%.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is steel
  • the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is a spherical crown
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is 500Mm
  • the height h is 200Pm.
  • the distribution form is random distribution.
  • a metal complex film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated on the surface of the same material, food and pot The adhesion strength and adhesion of the walls were reduced by 71%.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is stainless steel.
  • the shape of the geometric structure unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the cylinder is 500 m and the height is 800 Mm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the wall surface is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the substrate.
  • the ratio of surface area S 50%, the distribution form is random distribution, and an oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the pot wall are reduced by 78% .
  • the material of the non-stick pan is cast iron, and the shape of the geometric structural unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the cylinder is 500Mm and the height is 20 m.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the wall surface is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the substrate.
  • the surface area ratio S 15%.
  • the distribution form is random distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated with the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the pot wall are reduced by 66%. .
  • the non-stick material is aluminum, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is ⁇ , and the height is 300 ⁇ m.
  • the distribution form is random distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 73%.
  • the non-stick material is steel.
  • the shape of the convex unit on the bottom surface of the inner wall is cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the cylinder is 500 ⁇ m and the height is 300 Mm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the substrate.
  • the surface area ratio S 60%
  • the distribution form is random distribution
  • a metal chromium film is formed on the surface of the pot wall.
  • the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the pot wall are reduced63 %.
  • the non-stick material is aluminum, the shape of the raised unit on the bottom surface of the inner wall is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 20 m, and the height is 20 ⁇ m.
  • the distribution form is random distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of the food to the pot wall are reduced. %.
  • the non-stick material is steel.
  • the shape of the convex unit on the bottom surface of the inner wall is cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the cylinder is 20Mm and the height is 20Pm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the substrate.
  • the surface area ratio S 20%, the distribution form is uniform hook distribution, the bottom of the inner wall of the ball crown is designed to be a parallelogram distribution, the surface of the pot wall is treated to form a phosphating film, compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface.
  • the adhesion strength and adhesion to the pot wall were reduced by 78%.
  • the non-stick material is stainless steel
  • the shape of the raised unit on the bottom surface of the inner wall is cylindrical
  • the diameter of the cylinder is 100 ⁇
  • the height is 100 ⁇ .
  • the distribution density of the unit on the wall surface is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the substrate.
  • the distribution form is uniform.
  • the spherical crown is designed to be distributed in a parallelogram on the bottom surface of the inner wall.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated on the same surface, food and pot Wall adhesion strength
  • the non-stick material is aluminum, the shape of the raised unit on the bottom surface of the inner wall is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 100Pm, and the height is 200Pm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the wall surface is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the substrate.
  • the surface area ratio S 60%, the distribution form is random distribution, and an oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the pot wall are reduced by 73% .
  • the non-stick material is aluminum, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 10 ⁇ , and the height is 500 ⁇ .
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the surface area of the substrate.
  • the ratio S 50%, the distribution form is random distribution, and an oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 77%.
  • the non-stick material is steel, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 10 ⁇ , and the height is 800 ⁇ .
  • the distribution form is random distribution.
  • a metal titanium film is formed on the surface of the pot. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated with the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 66%. .
  • the non-stick material is aluminum, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 200 ⁇ m, and the height is 800 ⁇ m.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the surface area of the substrate.
  • the ratio S 55%, the distribution form is random distribution, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall, and compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 79%.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is steel, and the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the cylinder is 20Mm and the height is 800 m.
  • a metal chromium film is formed on the surface of the pot. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of the food to the bottom of the pot are reduced. 71%.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is steel.
  • the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical.
  • the diameter of the cylinder is 20 m and the height is 500 Mm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the base and the base.
  • the surface area ratio S 50%, the distribution form is random distribution, and a phosphating film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of the food to the bottom of the pot are reduced76 %.
  • the non-stick material is aluminum
  • the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is a spherical crown
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is 20 (m
  • the height h is 20 Mm
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is The ratio of the geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate to the surface area of the substrate is 10%.
  • the distribution pattern is random distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated on the surface of the same material, food and pot The wall's adhesion strength and adhesion were reduced by 62%.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is steel, and the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is a spherical crown.
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is 800Mm and the height h is 300Mm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pan is The ratio of the sum of the geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate to the surface area of the substrate is 10%, and the distribution form is uniform.
  • a metal titanium film is formed on the surface of the pot. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated on the surface of the same material, the food and the pot wall The adhesive strength and adhesion were reduced by 69%.
  • Example 21 See Figures 7 and 8.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is cast iron.
  • the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is a spherical crown.
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is 400Mm and the height h is 100Mm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is The ratio of the sum of the geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate to the surface area of the substrate is 40%, and the distribution form is uniform distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated on the surface of the same material, 77% reduction in adhesion strength and adhesion.
  • the material of the non-stick pan is aluminum
  • the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is a spherical crown
  • the diameter of the bottom circle of the spherical crown is 200Mm
  • the height h is 50Mm.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pan is The ratio of the geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate to the surface area of the substrate is 35%.
  • the distribution pattern is random distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated on the surface of the same material, the 70% reduction in adhesion strength and adhesion.
  • the non-stick material is aluminum, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 400 ⁇ m, and the height is 800
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of the food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 75. %.
  • the non-stick material is aluminum, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 20Mm, and the height is 20 ⁇ m.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the surface area of the substrate.
  • the ratio S 10%, the distribution form is uniform distribution, and an oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of the food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 78% .
  • the distribution form is random distribution. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the film has a 69% reduction in the adhesion strength and adhesion between food and the bottom of the pot.
  • the non-stick material is steel, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 999 ⁇ m, and the height is 500 ⁇ m.
  • the distribution density of the unit on the surface of the pot is the sum of its geometric projection area on the surface of the substrate and the surface area of the substrate.
  • the ratio S 60%, the distribution form is random distribution, and a nitride film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of the food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 67% .
  • the non-stick material is steel, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 999 ⁇ m, and the height is 200 Mm.
  • a nitride film is formed on the surface of the pot. Compared with a smooth surface that is not treated with the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 72%. .
  • the non-stick material is aluminum, the shape of the convex unit on the inner wall surface is cylindrical, the diameter of the cylinder is 200 ⁇ , and the height is 999 ⁇ m.
  • the ratio S 10%, and the distribution form is random distribution.
  • An oxide film is formed on the surface of the pot wall. Compared with the smooth surface of the same material surface, the adhesion strength and adhesion of food to the bottom of the pot are reduced by 80%.
  • the non-smooth surfaces of the pot walls of the convex units with different shapes and distributions listed in the above embodiments are just for the purpose of illustrating the mechanism of manufacturing non-stick pots.
  • the convex units can have a variety of random Or regular distribution on the surface of the pot wall to make it non-light It is difficult to exhaust the surface, so the description of the above embodiments should not be regarded as the only limitation of the present invention. Moreover, it is obvious that the present invention can also be conveniently applied to various other cooking utensils, and no further examples are given here.

Description

不粘炊具 技术领域
本发明涉及厨房用炊具， 特别是一种不粘炊具。 背景技术
不粘锅易于清洗， 使用方便， 已经成为消费者在购买炊具时的首选 产品之一， 特别是新婚家庭以及工作较为紧张的白领阶层家庭， 都有较 强烈的购买意向。 随着产品的发展及消费者消费理念的成熟， 不粘锅市 场将会释放出巨大的市场潜能， 极有可能代替普通的厨房炊具。 因此， 不粘锅产品具有潜在的市场空间和丰厚的市场利润率。 1955年， 世界上 第一口不粘锅在法国诞生。法国工程] If 马克-格雷瓜尔正在寻求特氟隆的 新用途， 他的妻子建议把这种材料涂在锅上， 这样煮食物就不会粘锅， 于是格雷瓜尔制成了世界上第一口不粘锅并成立了特氟隆食品公司一泰 法尔公司。 从六十年代起开始大量地进入家庭， 在欧美等发达国家中， 不粘锅已经进入了千家万户， 普及率相当高， 仅 1999年， 美国不粘锅市 场销售规模达到 10. 19亿美元， 约合人民币 85亿元， 2亿人口拥用 3000 万口不粘锅。 二十世纪八十年代， 不粘锅开始进入中国家庭。 不粘锅因 其造型美观、 新颖、 烹调时不粘、 不 f胡、 易洁、 易洗而深受广大消费者 的喜爱， 成为当今炊具行列中的宠儿。
目前不粘锅其不粘性的主要原理是在铝合金锅体表面上喷涂一层以 聚四氟乙烯为主要原材料的不粘涂料， 通过 42CTC的高温烧结，使不粘涂 层同铝基材紧密粘附， 利用不粘涂层的强化学惰性将食物和锅体分开， 从而起到不粘作用。 目前， 在国内外不粘锅市场上， 用得较多的不粘涂- 料有特富龙、 CCC、 考富龙， 其中最为著名的是由全球最大化工企业一美 国杜邦公司生产的特氟隆（Teflon)。 虽然不粘锅涂层商品名称很多， 但 是其主要成分是相同的， 都是聚四氟乙烯 （简称 4F， PTFE)一种合成的 高分子材料。 随着不粘锅大量地进入家庭， 人们对不粘锅涂层的安全性 提出了各种忧虑和担心。
2001年， 科学界权威刊物——英国 《自然》杂志， 刊登了加拿大多 伦多大学科学家马布里及其同事的论文， 称不粘锅涂层是用特氟隆制成 的， 特氟隆等含氟聚合物在高温下会分解， 产生三氟乙酸（TFA)等多种 物质。 其中一些物质具有潜在的毒性和轻微毒性， 进入大气后可能会污 染环境。据新浪科技 2003年 5月 17日消息：美国东部时间 5月 16日（北 京时间 5月 17 日）消息， 美国一家环保小组向消费者产品安全委员会递 交报告。 报告称， 用聚四氟乙烯为主要成分的压膜的产品 (如不粘锅）， 对身体可能有害。 这个环保小组称， 这些产品在华氏 700度的情况下， 只要 3到 5分钟， 就会释放出 15种有毒的气体和化学物质， 其中包含两 种致癌物质。 DuPont公司的内部研究报告称， 在较低的华氏 464度的情 况下， 不粘锅发出的有毒微粒， 足以杀死鸟类。 因为不粘锅对鸟类有害, 对人类有潜在的危险， 所以这个环保小组称， 要给每一个不粘锅， 贴上 "可能有害"的标签。2003年 11月 15日中央电视台新闻联播报道 (2003 年 11月 16日早 7 : 00长春电视台早间新闻对此消息重新报道）美国科研 人员研究发现， 广泛用于制造不粘锅的特氟隆， 长期使用将使人致癌， 应尽快研制新的不粘技术或材料。 这些研究结果难免使人们有些忧虑， 使得我们不得不警惕地端详一下自己手中的不粘锅。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种对人体和环境无害的不粘炊具。
对某些生物 （蜣螂、 荷叶等） 体表所具有的减粘、 防粘和自清洁功 能观察和研究发现， 其体表与含水量过饱和的粘湿性物料接触， 其体表 上的水会迅速脱掉， 表现为很强的疏水性能， 表明其体表物质与水分子 之间的引力很小， 这是生物体表具有防粘功能的重要原因之一。 对生物 体表结构与形态进一步研究发现， 具有减粘、 防粘和自清洁功能的生物， 其体表结构均呈非光滑形态， 这种结构一方面能有效地减少其体表与粘 湿性物料的接触面积， 从而减少发生化学吸附点的数量， 另一方面破坏 了水膜的连续性， 使其体表与粘湿性物料表面间存在空气膜， 从而达到 不粘的效果。 正是生物的这种体表结构与形态， 导致仿生不粘锅设计思 想的形成。 基于对生物体表结构与形态的仿生研究， 首先对不粘锅表面 进行改形， 利用在锅的表面形成的非光滑形态， 构成复合界面， 提高锅 表面的疏水性， 降低锅表面与粘湿性食物的接触面积； 在对锅表面改形 的基础上， 进一步进行改性， 通过物理、 化学、 喷涂和溅射等方法在锅 表面形成一定厚度的对人体和环境无害的金属、 氧化膜或氮化膜， 表面 膜将进一步降低锅表面的表面张力， 同时还可以阻止锅中的某些金属元 素与食物直接接触， 防止金属元素在高温下与食物中的酸性或碱性成分 发生反应， 避免人们在进食时摄入过多的有害金属离子。 根据食物与锅 底的粘附特性， 不粘炊具表面结构形态应在微米级尺寸范围内。
本发明的目的是这样实现的， SP， 将炊具内壁制成具有凸起单元体 的非光滑表面，所述凸起单元体高度为 20— 999Mm、相对炊具内壁表面的 投影面积为 314— 78343lMm2; 凸起单元体的分布密度为其在炊具内壁基 体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 10— 60%，所述非光滑 单元体表面上形成有表面膜。
所述凸起单元体呈球冠型， 亦可加工成圆柱型、 正方形、 菱形、 长 方形等， 尺寸限定在微米级， 范围在 20— 999Mm。 以球冠为例， 则球冠底 圆直径和高度为微米级尺寸，直径和高度尺寸范围均在 20— 999Mm。凸起 单元体的分布密度为其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积 之比为 10— 60 %， 分布形态可以是均勾或随机分布。 如果是均匀分布， 则可以设计成各种形态的图案。 制造不粘炊具的材料是金属， 为了美观、 防止金属氧化以及摄入过量有害金属元素 （例如铝摄入过量会导致老年 痴呆症、 骨质疏松等； 镍摄入过量会导致癌症）， 还可通过物理、 化学的 方法在炊具的表面形成一对人体和环境无害的金属膜、氧化膜或氮化膜。 上述表面膜可以进一步降低食物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性。 所述金属 膜可以由对人体和环境无害的金属材料如钛、 铬等制成， 所述氧化膜可 以是磷、 铁、 铝、 铬、 钛等与氧形成的氧化物， 所述氮化膜可以是金属 与氮形成的氮化物。 当炊具内壁制成具有凸起单元体的非光滑表面， 并 在该非光滑表面上形成一定厚度的表面膜时， 可以使不沾炊具的脱附性 达到最好的效果， 食物与锅壁或锅底的粘附强度最小。
本发明所述球冠型等均可称凸包型亦可称凹坑型， 如果以炊具表面 作为基准面， 则表面凸起称凸包型， 反之则称凹坑型。
根据本发明制造的不粘炊具， 其制备方法是： 根据不同食物与炊具 表面的粘附强度和粘附性， 对不粘炊具内壁表面设计出具有不同形态的 凸起单元体， 通过激光加工、 机械加工、 模具冲压、 腐蚀、 雕刻等方法， 在炊具表面加工出具有不同形态的凸起单元体， 并通过物理或化学等方 法在炊具表面形成一层表面膜， 从而形成既具有较高脱附性能又耐腐蚀 的不粘炊具。
本发明的不粘炊具与相同材料的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附 强度和粘附性可降低 60%— 80 %。 该技术具有加工简单， 性能可靠， 耐 高温， 成本低， 对食物脱附性高等优点。 其表面不含涂层， 并利用在锅 壁表面形成的凸起单元体可起到降低食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性的 作用， 以实现食物不粘锅的优良效果。 烹饪时凸起单元体不脱落， 亦不 会污染食物和产生对人体及环境有害的物质。 不粘炊具表面上的表面膜 可以避免金属元素与食物直接接触， 防止金属元素在高温下与食物中的 酸性或碱性成分发生反应。 本发明不仅可以解决食物与锅的粘附性， 亦 可应用于解决其它粘湿物料与基体的粘附性， 如塑料加工过程中， 在塑 料模具内腔加工形成不同形态的凸起单元体， 可以提高在高温下塑料与 模具的脱附性， 并使塑料制品易于脱模。 附图说明 图 1是本发明不粘炊具的内壁表面具有球冠型凸起单元体的分布形 态示意图；
图 2是图 1中所示的球冠型凸起单元体形态示意图；
图 3是本发明不粘炊具的内壁表面凸起单元体的另一分布形态示意 图；
图 4是图 3中所示的球冠型凸起单元体形态示意图；
图 5是本发明不粘炊具的内壁表面凸起单元体的又一分布形态示意 图；
图 6是图 5中所示的球冠型凸起单元体形态示意图；
图 7是本发明不粘炊具的内壁表面凸起单元体的再一分布形态示意 图；
图 8是图 7中所示的球冠型凸起单元体形态示意图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图给出的不粘锅实施例对本发明的不粘炊具作进一步详 细说明。
本发明的不粘锅是在传统金属（铝、 不锈钢、 铁、 钢）锅的基础上， 根据不同食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性， 通过激光加工、 机械加工、 模具冲压、 腐蚀相结合方法， 在锅壁内表面加工出具有各种几何形态的 凸起单元体， 并结合物理、 化学等方法在锅壁表面形成一表面膜， 例如 金属膜、 氧化膜或氮化膜。 该表面膜的厚度主要影响锅的使用寿命， 不 影响锅的脱附性。 因此， 该表面膜的厚度可根据实际需要变化， 通常不 低于 10Mm。 根据制造不粘锅材料的性能的不同， 氧化膜可以是铝、 铁、 钛、 铬、 磷等氧化物； 金属膜必需是对人体及环境无害的金属材料如钛、 铬等， 氮化膜可以是金属与氮形成的氮化物。 通过上述工艺加工制造的 不粘锅， 具有较高脱附性能。
各实施例详细技术参数见下表- 各实施例技术参数
实施例 不粘锅材料非光滑形态 直径 （Pm) 高度（Mm) 分布密度 分布形式 表面膜 脱附性
1 铝 球冠型 800 100 60% 随机 氧化膜 78%
2 钢 球冠型 800 400 60% 规则 钛膜 62%
3 铝 球冠型 500 100 50% 随机 氧化膜 67%
4 铝 球冠型 500 300 30% 规则 氧化膜 60%
5 钢 球冠型 500 200 50% 随机 铬膜 71%
6 不锈钢 圆柱型 500 800 50% 随机 氧化膜 78%
7 铸铁 圆柱型 500 20 15% 随机 氧化膜 66%
8 铝 圆柱型 500 300 50% 随机 氧化膜 73%
9 钢 圆柱型 500 300 60% 随机 铬膜 63%
10 铝 圆柱型 20 20 60% 随机 氧化膜 78%
11 钢 圆柱型 20 20 20% 均勾 磷化膜 78%
12 不锈钢 圆柱型 100 100 50% 均匀 氧化膜 65%
13 铝 圆柱型 100 200 60% 随机 氧化膜 73%
14 '铝 圆柱型 100 500 50% 随机 氧化膜 77%
15 钢 圆柱型 100 800 50% 随机 钛膜 66%
16 铝 圆柱型 200 800 55% 随机 氧化膜 79%
17 钢 圆柱型 20 800 50% 随机 铬膜 71%
18 钢 圆柱型 20 500 50% 随机 磷化膜 76%
19 铝 球冠型 200 20 10% 随机 氧化膜 62%
20 钢 球冠型 800 300 10% 均匀 钛膜 69%
21 铸铁 球冠型 400 100 40% 均匀 氧化膜 77%
22 铝 球冠型 200 50 35% 随机 氧化膜 70%
23 铝 圆柱型 400 800 10% 均匀 氧化膜 75%
24 铝 圆柱型 20 20 10% 均勾 氧化膜 78%
25 铝 圆柱型 100 400 40% 随机 氧化膜 69%
26 钢 圆柱型 999 500 60% 随机 氮化膜 67%
27 钢 圆柱型 999 200 30% 随机 氮化膜 72%
28 铝 圆柱型 200 999 10% 随机 氧化膜 80% 实施例 1
参照图 1、 2， 不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面分布的凸起单元体形态为 球冠型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ 为 800Mm (即相对锅内壁表面的投影面积为 502400Mm2)、 高度 h为 ΙΟθμιη, 凸起单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上 的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 60 %， 分布形态为随机分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑锅壁表面比 较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 78 %。
实施例 2
参照图 3、 4， 不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为球冠型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ为 800Mm, 高度 h为 400Mm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密 度即其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 60%， 分 布形态为网格式规则分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一金属钛膜， 与同材质 表面不处理的光滑表面比较，食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 62 %。
实施例 3
参照图 5、 6， 不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为球冠型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ为 500Mm， 高度 h为 lOOMm, 锅壁表面单元体的分布密 度即其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 50 %， 分 布形态为随机分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处 理的光滑锅壁表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 67 %。
实施例 4
参照图 7、 8， 不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为球冠型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ 为 500Mm， 高度 h为 300Mm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密 度即其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 30 % , 分 布形态为规则分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处 理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 60 %。
实施例 5
参见图 1、 2， 不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为球冠型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ为 500Mm， 高度 h为 200Pm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密 度即其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 50 %，分 布形态为随机分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一金属络膜， 与同材质表面不 处理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 71 %。
实施例 6
不粘锅材料为不锈钢， 内壁表面几何结构单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆 柱直径为 500 m， 高度为 800Mm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体 表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 50%，分布形态为随机 分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面 比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 78 %。
实施例 7
不粘锅材料为铸铁， 内壁表面几何结构单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱 直径为 500Mm, 高度为 20 m， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表 面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 15 %，分布形态为随机分 布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比 较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 66 %。
实施例 8
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 δθθμιη, 高度为 300μπι， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 50%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 73 %。 不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁底表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径 为 500μπι, 高度为 300Mm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上 的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=60% , 分布形态为随机分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一金属铬膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 63%。
实施例 10
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁底表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径 为 20 m， 高度为 20μπι， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=60%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 78%。
实施例 11
不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁底表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径 为 20Mm， 高度为 20Pm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=20%，分布形态为均勾分布，球 冠在内壁底表面设计成平行四边形分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一磷化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性 降低 78%。
实施例 12
不粘锅材料为不锈钢， 内壁底表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱 直径为 ΙΟΟμτη, 高度为 ΙΟΟμπι, 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表 面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=50%，分布形态为均匀分 布， 球冠在内壁底表面设计成平行四边形分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一 氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度
9 和粘附性降低 65%。
实施例 13
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁底表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径 为 100Pm， 高度为 200Pm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上 的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=60%， 分布形态为随机分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 73 %。
实施例 14
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 ΙΟθμπι, 高度为 500μηι， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=50%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 77%。
实施例 15
不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 ΙΟθμιη, 高度为 800μπι， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 50%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一金属钛膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 66 %。
实施例 16
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 200μπι, 高度为 800μιη， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 55%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 79%。 实施例 17
不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 20Mm，高度为 800 m，.锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的几 何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 50 %，分布形态为随机分布，在锅 壁表面处理形成一金属铬膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 71 %。
实施例 18
不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 20 m,高度为 500Mm，锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的几 何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=50 %，分布形态为随机分布，在锅 壁表面处理形成一磷化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食物 与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 76 %。
实施例 19
参见图 1、 2， 不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为球冠型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ为 20( m， 高度 h为 20Mm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度 即其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 10 %， 分布 形态为随机分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理 的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 62 %。
实施例 20
参见图 7、 8， 不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为球冠型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ为 800Mm， 高度 h为 300Mm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密 度即其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 10 %， 分 布形态为均匀分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一金属钛膜， 与同材质表面不 处理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 69 %。
实施例 21 参见图 7、 8， 不粘锅材料为铸铁， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为球冠 型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ为 400Mm， 高度 h为 100Mm， 锅壁表面单元体的分 布密度即其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 40 % , 分布形态为均匀分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表 面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 77 %。
实施例 22
参见图 1、 2， 不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为球冠型， 球冠底圆直径 Φ为 200Mm， 高度 h为 50Mm， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度 即其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 35 %， 分布 形态为随机分布， 在锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理 的光滑表面比较， 食物与锅壁的粘附强度和粘附性降低 70%。
实施例 23
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 400μπι, 高度为 800|¾， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 10 %，分布形态为均匀分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 75 %。
实施例 24
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 20Mm, 高度为 20μπι， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的几 何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 10 %，分布形态为均勾分布，在锅 壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食物 与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 78 %。
实施例 25
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 ΙΟθμπι, 高度为 400μιη, 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=40%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 69%。
实施例 26
不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 999μιη, 高度为 500μπι， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S=60%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氮化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 67%。
实施例 27
不粘锅材料为钢， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 999μπι, 高度为 200Mm, 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 30%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氮化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 72%。
实施例 28
不粘锅材料为铝， 内壁表面凸起单元体形态为圆柱型， 圆柱直径为 200μιη， 高度为 999μπι， 锅壁表面单元体的分布密度即其在基体表面上的 几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比 S = 10%，分布形态为随机分布，在 锅壁表面处理形成一氧化膜， 与同材质表面不处理的光滑表面比较， 食 物与锅底的粘附强度和粘附性降低 80%。
以上实施例中所列举的几种具有不同形状及分布形态的凸起单元体 的锅壁非光滑表面， 仅仅是为了举例说明制造不粘锅的机理所在， 其凸 起单元体可呈多种随机或规则的分布形态分布于锅壁表面使其形成非光 滑表面， 难以穷举， 因此， 对上述实施例的描述不应视为对本发明的唯 一限定。 而且， 很显然， 本发明也可很方便地应用于其它各种炊具上， 这里不再逐一例举。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种不粘炊具， 其特征在于， 其内壁制成具有凸起单元体的非光 滑表面， 所述凸起单元体高度 （h) 为 20— 999 m、 相对炊具内壁表面的 投影面积为 314— 78343lMm2 ; 凸起单元体的分布密度为其在炊具内壁基 体表面上的几何投影面积之和与基体表面积之比为 10— 60%，所述非光滑 单元体表面上形成有表面膜。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的不粘炊具， 其特征在于，所述凸起单元体 为球冠型， 其球冠底圆直径 （Φ ) 为 20— 999μπι。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的不粘炊具， 其特征在于， 所述凸起单元体 为圆柱型， 其圆柱直径 （Φ ) 为 20— 999μιη。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的不粘炊具， 其特征在于，所述表面膜为通 过物理或化学的方法形成的氧化膜。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的不粘炊具， 其特征在于，所述表面膜为通 过物理或化学的方法形成的磷化膜。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的不粘炊具， 其特征在于，所述表面膜为通 过物理或化学的方法形成的对人体和环境无害的钛、 铬金属膜或金属与 氮形成的氮化膜。
PCT/CN2004/001095 2004-02-02 2004-09-24 Ustensile de cuisson anti-adhesif WO2005074766A1 (fr)

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CN2432866Y (zh) * 2000-07-07 2001-06-06 南海家能现代厨具有限公司 不易沾粘的不锈钢锅
CN2568083Y (zh) * 2002-09-20 2003-08-27 胡金火 无油烟不粘炒锅

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100033818A1 (en) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-11 Uni-Pixel Displays,Inc. Microstructures to reduce the appearance of fingerprints on surfaces

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CN1240331C (zh) 2006-02-08
DE602004017908D1 (de) 2009-01-02
CN1557247A (zh) 2004-12-29
ATE414446T1 (de) 2008-12-15
EP1712167B1 (en) 2008-11-19
US8308016B2 (en) 2012-11-13
EP1712167B8 (en) 2009-10-14
US20080105689A1 (en) 2008-05-08
EP1712167A1 (en) 2006-10-18

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