WO2005063113A1 - 高強度パルス光を利用した血管内診断または治療用装置 - Google Patents
高強度パルス光を利用した血管内診断または治療用装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005063113A1 WO2005063113A1 PCT/JP2004/006407 JP2004006407W WO2005063113A1 WO 2005063113 A1 WO2005063113 A1 WO 2005063113A1 JP 2004006407 W JP2004006407 W JP 2004006407W WO 2005063113 A1 WO2005063113 A1 WO 2005063113A1
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- light
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- blood vessel
- therapeutic
- pulsed light
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/313—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes
- A61B1/3137—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes for examination of the interior of blood vessels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
- A61B1/015—Control of fluid supply or evacuation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B18/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
- A61B5/0084—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/02007—Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/042—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by a proximal camera, e.g. a CCD camera
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7285—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis for synchronising or triggering a physiological measurement or image acquisition with a physiological event or waveform, e.g. an ECG signal
Definitions
- the present invention includes a high-intensity pulsed light irradiating means such as a pulse laser, and irradiates blood with the high-intensity pulsed light to generate steam bubbles, thereby enabling diagnosis and treatment of a blood vessel lumen.
- a high-intensity pulsed light irradiating means such as a pulse laser
- irradiates blood with the high-intensity pulsed light to generate steam bubbles, thereby enabling diagnosis and treatment of a blood vessel lumen.
- Equipment related Such devices, eg, Q background art there is a blood vessel endoscope that enables observation of the blood vessel lumen '
- a catheter has been inserted into a blood vessel, and diagnosis or treatment within the blood vessel has been performed using light for diagnosis or treatment.
- diagnosis or treatment For example, an image of a blood vessel lumen was observed by irradiating light for illumination using a blood vessel endoscope.
- angioplasty and the like have been performed by irradiating high-intensity pulsed light such as laser light to a blood vessel lumen in a blood vessel.
- high-intensity pulsed light such as laser light
- a balloon such as a blood flow closing balloon for closing a blood flow has been used, or a site to be irradiated with light for diagnosis or treatment has been used for vascular disease or treatment. It was necessary to contact and irradiate the affected part with the affected part. For example, when trying to optically observe the lumen of a blood vessel, it is necessary to eliminate blood in the blood vessel that obstructs the visual field at the part to be observed, and to temporarily stop blood flow using an occlusion balloon.
- a transparent flush solution such as heparin-added physiological saline is injected into an observation site in a blood vessel, and blood to be observed is replaced with a transparent physiological saline (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). ) Had been done.
- IVUS intravascular ultrasound imaging
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-6-296695
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-11-262528 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
- An object of the present invention is to provide an intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device capable of eliminating blood in a lumen of a blood vessel to be observed by a less invasive method. Specifically, irradiation of high-intensity pulsed light such as a pulsed laser generates water vapor bubbles for a very short time in the blood in the blood vessel lumen to be observed, and removes the blood in that portion, thereby providing diagnostic or therapeutic light. Infiltration to enable observation and treatment of the lumen of blood vessels The purpose is to provide a device with low intravascular diagnosis and treatment.
- the present inventors have solved the problems of conventional intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic devices, and have developed an intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device capable of achieving an efficient diagnostic or therapeutic effect with low invasiveness, for example, a minimally invasive device.
- the intense study was conducted on the development of a vascular endoscope capable of obtaining a clear image with high clarity.
- the present inventors focused on the phenomenon that when high-intensity pulsed light was irradiated inside a capillary tube containing water, water absorbed the energy by the high-intensity pulsed light and vaporized to generate water vapor bubbles.
- Irradiation of light produces water vapor bubbles in the blood in the blood vessels, temporarily excluding the blood, and then irradiating diagnostic or therapeutic light at that time without the light being absorbed by the blood
- the present inventors have found that the blood reaches the blood vessel lumen wall, and that the diagnosis or treatment of the blood vessel lumen can be performed, thereby completing the present invention.
- the lumen of a blood vessel can be easily optically observed by a blood vessel endoscope, which is one device of the present invention.
- the present invention is as follows.
- High-intensity pulsed light generating means and high-intensity pulsed light transmitting means for transmitting high-intensity pulsed light are provided.
- Endovascular diagnostic or therapeutic device
- a catheter-shaped intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device which has pulsed light irradiating means for irradiating a diagnostic or therapeutic light into a blood vessel to enable diagnostic or therapeutic treatment in a blood vessel lumen,
- the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device according to [2], wherein the diagnostic or therapeutic pulse light is ultraviolet light, visible light, near-infrared light or infrared light;
- the diagnostic or therapeutic pulse light is ultraviolet light, which relaxes blood vessels, [3] the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device,
- the pulse light for diagnosis or treatment is ultraviolet light, visible light, near-infrared light or infrared light, which contracts a blood vessel;
- the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device wherein the diagnostic or therapeutic pulse light is pulsed light capable of destroying atherosclerotic atheroma in blood vessels or thrombus in blood vessels.
- Pulse light for diagnosis or therapy is generated by solid-state laser, semiconductor laser, dye laser, tunable near-infrared laser, optical parametric oscillator (0P0), Raman laser, and combined with nonlinear optical conversion device
- An intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device wherein the device is selected from the group consisting of:
- an illumination light irradiating means for pulse-illuminating the inside of a blood vessel to enable optical observation and a catheter-shaped blood vessel endoscope apparatus having an imaging means for imaging a blood vessel lumen illuminated by the illumination light.
- An endovascular diagnostic or therapeutic device according to any of [1] to [3] and [8],
- the present invention relates to a blood vessel endoscope apparatus having a liquid sending means and capable of replacing blood in a local portion irradiated with high-intensity pulsed light with a liquid having high-intensity pulsed light absorption close to water.
- vascular endoscope device having a liquid sending means and capable of replacing blood in a local portion irradiated with high-intensity pulsed light with a liquid having high-intensity pulsed light absorption close to water.
- the absorption coefficient of water is 10 to 1000 (; 111 either intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device area by near a _1 [1] [1 1],
- An endovascular diagnostic or therapeutic device according to any of [1] to [12], which is an endoscopic device in which the wavelength of the high intensity pulsed light is in the range of 0.3 to 3 zm,
- An endovascular diagnostic or therapeutic device which is an endoscopic device in which the wavelength of the high intensity pulsed light is in the range of 1.5 to 2.5 m.
- the laser is a solid-state laser using rare earth ions
- the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device [17] the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device
- the laser medium is Ho or Tm and the laser base material is YAG, YLF, YSGG and
- An endoscopic device which is a cardioscope, any one of the devices [1] to [24], [26] further having a diagnostic or therapeutic means, [10] to [2] 5]
- An endovascular diagnostic or therapeutic device which is any one of
- the diagnostic or therapeutic means is selected from the group consisting of a directional atherectomy device, a thrombus aspiration device, a rotatable device and a device for biopsy, [26] or [27].
- An endovascular diagnostic or therapeutic device that is an endoscopic endoscope. This description includes part or all of the contents as disclosed in the description and / or drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-126633, 2003-328984, which is a priority document of the present application. Brief Description of Drawings
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a device for endovascular diagnosis or treatment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an endoscope apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section of a catheter portion of the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing a cross section of a catheter portion of the endoscope apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an apparatus used in the example.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing laser-induced water vapor bubbles.
- Figure 7 is a diagram showing the temporal relationship between high-intensity pulsed light irradiation, generation of water vapor bubbles, and illumination light flash.
- FIG. 8 is a photograph of the lumen of a blood vessel when saline was injected into the coronary artery.
- FIG. 9 is a photograph of the lumen of a blood vessel when the blood was injected into the coronary artery.
- FIG. 10 is a photograph of the lumen of a blood vessel when blood was injected into the coronary artery and irradiated with a pulsed laser.
- Figure 11 is a photograph of a silicone tube filled with milk and observed inside the tube with a delay time of 70S.
- Figure 12 is a photograph of milk filled in a silicone tube and the inside of the tube was observed with a delay time of 140 s.
- Figure 13 shows the delay time between laser inspection and pulse illumination and the relative size of the captured image and brightness when the silicone tube is filled with milk and laser irradiation is used to image the inside of the tube. It is a figure showing a relation.
- FIG. 14 is a photograph of a rabbit aorta lumen observed without laser irradiation using the apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a photograph of the rabbit aorta lumen observed by laser irradiation using the apparatus of the present invention. Explanation of symbols
- Lumen (saline injection)
- the present invention when high-intensity pulsed light such as a pulse laser is radiated in a blood vessel, water in the blood absorbs the energy of the high-intensity pulsed light, and vaporizes to generate steam bubbles (high-intensity pulsed light-induced bubbles). It is a device for diagnosing or treating blood vessels utilizing a phenomenon in which blood in that portion is temporarily eliminated. Since the water vapor is temporarily eliminated by the steam bubbles, the blood vessel lumen can be diagnosed or treated without being affected by the blood.
- the apparatus of the present invention has a light irradiating means for diagnosis or treatment in addition to a high-intensity pulsed light irradiating means for generating water vapor bubbles, and the light is emitted when blood is temporarily removed. Irradiation makes it possible to diagnose or treat the inside of a blood vessel. For example, when visible light is used as diagnostic or therapeutic light, a clear image of the blood vessel lumen can be obtained as an angioscopy device. Blood elimination is temporary, and most of the time the blood flows, so peripheral blood flow is almost guaranteed.
- vascular endoscope in this specification includes a heart mirror, and the present invention irradiates a pulsed laser or other high-intensity pulsed light into a blood vessel, whereby water in blood absorbs the energy of the high-intensity pulsed light.
- cardioscopes which use the phenomenon that vaporized water vapor bubbles are generated (high-intensity pulsed light-induced air bubbles), and that part of the blood is temporarily eliminated.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention.
- the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention comprises at least a vascular catheter 1 (guide catheter), high-intensity pulsed light irradiating means for irradiating high-intensity pulsed light into a blood vessel, and diagnostic or therapeutic light into a blood vessel. It is a catheter-like device including a light irradiation means for irradiation.
- the high-intensity pulsed light irradiating means includes high-intensity pulsed light generating means (high-intensity pulsed light source 6), means for transmitting high-intensity pulsed light into blood vessels, means for irradiating high-intensity pulsed light into blood vessels, and the like.
- the portion for transmitting the high-intensity pulsed light is provided as a fiber 2 for transmitting the high-intensity pulsed light in the catheter 1, and the means for irradiating the high-intensity pulsed light into the blood vessel is provided at the distal end of the optical transmission fiber 2.
- a high-intensity pulsed light irradiation section 4 is provided at the end.
- the high-intensity pulse light irradiation section 4 may be provided with a member such as a prism for changing the pulse light irradiation angle, but usually no special member is required and the distal end of the optical fiber is high. It can function as the intensity pulse light irradiation unit 4.
- the diagnostic or therapeutic light irradiating means includes a light generating means (light source 7), a means for transmitting light into a blood vessel, a means for irradiating light into a blood vessel, and the like, and a means for transmitting light is provided in a catheter.
- a light irradiating section 5 is provided as a fiber 3 as a means for irradiating light into the blood vessel at the distal end.
- the light irradiating section 5 may be provided with a member for diffusing light for diagnosis or treatment, but usually no special member is required and the distal end of the optical fiber acts as the light irradiating section 5. I can do it.
- there may be a plurality of diagnostic or therapeutic light irradiation means and in this case, it is desirable that the plurality of irradiation means emit light of different wavelengths. For example, when a laser irradiation means for angioplasty and a visible light irradiation means for viewing the blood vessel are provided as the light irradiation means, the treatment effect of the blood vessel lumen treated by irradiation with the laser light can be improved. Irradiation with visible light enables observation. FIG.
- the blood vessel endoscope apparatus of the present invention includes at least a blood vessel endoscope catheter 1 (guide catheter), high-intensity pulsed light irradiating means for irradiating a blood vessel with high-intensity pulsed light, and pulse illumination of a blood vessel to perform optical observation. It is a catheter-like device including illumination light irradiating means for enabling, and imaging means for imaging a blood vessel lumen illuminated by the illumination light.
- the high intensity pulse light irradiation means is as described above.
- the illumination light irradiating means includes an illumination light generating means (pulse illumination light source 11), a means for transmitting the illumination light into the blood vessel, a means for irradiating the illumination light into the blood vessel, and the like.
- a light guide 10 including a fiber for transmitting light is provided in the catheter, and an illuminating section 9 is provided at a distal end thereof as means for irradiating the illuminating light into the blood vessel.
- the illuminating section 9 may be provided with a member for diffusing illuminating light or the like, but usually no special member is required and the distal end of the optical fiber 1 can function as the illuminating section 9.
- the imaging means includes means for receiving an image of a blood vessel lumen, means for transmitting an image of a blood vessel lumen, means for converting an image into an electric signal (image processing means), means for monitoring an image, and the like. Includes a lens for forming a cavity image and optically enlarging it.
- the means for transmitting the image of the blood vessel lumen is provided in the catheter as an image guide 13 including a fiber for light transmission, and the image guide 13 has an observation unit 12 at the distal end as a means for receiving an image of the blood vessel lumen.
- the observation unit 12 is provided with a lens as needed.
- Means for converting an image into an electric signal include an image sensor 14 and an image processing unit 15, and means for monitoring an image include a monitor 16, a video, and the like.
- the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention may include a liquid delivery system for injecting physiological saline or the like into a blood vessel.
- a liquid delivery system for injecting physiological saline or the like into a blood vessel A small amount of physiological food A saline solution or the like is supplied, and the local blood irradiated with the high-intensity pulsed light is replaced with a physiological saline solution or the like.
- the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention may be a device that allows the distal end of the catheter 1 to be moved by a wire or a torque tube, that is, a device that has irradiation field operability.
- the diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention is a vascular endoscope, it is referred to as an endoscope having visual field operability, or as an endoscope capable of adjusting the visual field.
- the vascular catheter 1 is a tube for inserting a part of the diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention into a blood vessel, and is used as a guide when moving a part of the diagnostic or therapeutic device to a target site.
- a commonly used catheter can be used, its diameter and the like are not limited, and it can be appropriately designed according to the thickness of the blood vessel to be observed.
- the catheter 1 includes a fiber 2 for transmitting the high-intensity pulsed light, a fiber 13 for transmitting light for diagnosis or treatment, a light guide 10, and an image guide 13 when the device of the present invention is a vascular endoscope. These fibers and guides are incorporated into the catheter 1.
- Each guide is composed of an optical fiber for transmission.
- the method of incorporating the fibers and guides is not limited.For example, these fibers and guides may be randomly incorporated in the catheter 1, or there may be multiple lumens in the catheter 1 and the respective guides may be incorporated therein. May be.
- the number of optical transmission fibers 3 or light guides 10 for diagnosis or treatment, the number of high intensity pulsed optical transmission fibers 12 and the number of image guides 13 may be more than one, and especially the number of optical transmission fibers 3 for diagnosis or treatment.
- the device of the present invention is a vascular endoscope, the presence of a plurality of light guides can widely illuminate the inside of a blood vessel with pulse light.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a device for use.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a device for use.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a device for use.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a blood vessel endoscope which is an example of the diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows an endoscope including an image guide 13, a laser transmission fiber 2 and a plurality of light guides 10 arranged in a liquid supply lumen 17, but this is only an example, Fiber and guide arrangements are not limited to those shown in FIGS.
- High-intensity pulsed light includes pulsed light generated by a laser and an optical parametric oscillator (0P0).
- the laser generating means an ordinary laser generating device can be used, and the laser type is not limited as long as the laser is in a wavelength band in which the water absorption coefficient is lOOOcnf 1, preferably lOlOOcnf 1 , and a solid using rare earth ions is used.
- Laser or XeCl excimer laser can be used.
- the oscillation wavelength of the laser is 0.3 to 3 mm, preferably 1.5 to 3 im, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5 m, and more preferably a wavelength near the absorption wavelength of water (1.9 m).
- a laser is represented by the ions of the element that generates the laser and the type of base material that holds the ion.
- Ho (holonium), Tm (thulium), Er (erbium), and Nd (neodymium) belong to rare earths as elements. Ho and Tm are preferred.
- Examples of the base material include YAG, YLF, YSGG, and YV0.
- Ho: YAG laser, Tm: YAG laser, Ho: YLF laser, Tm: YLF laser, Ho: YSGG laser, Tm: YSGG laser, Ho: YV0 laser, Tm: YV0 laser and XeCl excimer laser ( Oscillation wavelength of 308 nm) can be used.
- the laser oscillation wavelength is preferably a water absorption wavelength (1.
- Ho YAG laser (oscillation wavelength 2.1 ⁇ 111) near the wavelength
- Tm YAG laser (oscillation wavelength 2. ⁇ ⁇ , etc.).
- Ho YAG laser, which has a relatively small absorption coefficient with respect to the tissue and large vapor bubbles generated with a long photoinvasion length, is preferable.
- LASER 2-3 SCHWARTZ manufactured by ELECTRO-OPTICS
- ELECTRO-OPTICS ELECTRO-OPTICS
- Optical Parametric Oscillator (0P0; Optical Parametric Oscillator) can continuously change the wavelength of the pulse light, and selects the pulse light in the wavelength band where the water absorption coefficient is 10 to 100 Ocnf 1. For example, 0.3 to 3 ⁇ , preferably 1.5 to 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5 ⁇ m, more preferably water A wavelength near the absorption wavelength (1.m) may be selected.
- the relative position of the high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 2 to which the high-intensity pulsed light is irradiated to the distal end (high-intensity pulsed light irradiation section 4) with respect to the catheter 1 distal end is not limited.
- the distal end of the high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 2 (high-intensity pulsed light irradiation section 4) may be protruding, or the distal end of the high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 2 (high-intensity pulsed light irradiation section 4) may be forced out.
- the fiber 1 for high-intensity pulsed light transmission may be retracted into the catheter 1, and the distal end (high-intensity pulsed light irradiator 4) may be at the same position as the distal end in the horizontal direction of the catheter 1. There may be.
- the distal end of the high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 2 (the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation section 4) is retracted into the catheter 1 and is kept out of the catheter 1, the generation of water vapor bubbles starts in the catheter 1
- This has the advantage that the foam does not spread to the sides and does not apply strong physical pressure on the vessel lumen.
- the manner in which the water vapor bubbles spread to the side is improved. It is possible to control.
- blood absorbs high-intensity pulsed light greatly, and the size of water vapor bubbles generated is smaller than that of water. Therefore, the local blood that generates steam bubbles by irradiating the high intensity pulsed light is replaced with a liquid that has a low osmotic pressure such as physiological saline near body fluid and a small absorption of the high intensity pulsed light during the high intensity pulsed light irradiation.
- a liquid sending means is incorporated in the catheter of the angioscopy apparatus of the present invention, and a portion of the blood vessel is irradiated with high-intensity pulsed light, such as saline, using the liquid sending means, ie, a high-intensity pulse.
- the liquid sending means includes a liquid sending channel provided in the catheter, an inlet provided at a distal end of the liquid sending channel, and a liquid reservoir connected to the channel.
- the lumen 17 may be provided in the catheter and the lumen 17 may be used as the liquid supply channel, or a separate tube for the channel may be provided in the catheter 1.
- a high-intensity pulsed light is applied to the inside of the blood vessel, and the local blood portion where water vapor bubbles start to be generated is replaced with physiological saline or the like. It is necessary that the portion of the high intensity pulse light irradiating means for irradiating the high intensity pulse light into the blood vessel and the inlet of the liquid sending means are located at positions close to each other.
- a lumen 17 may be provided in the catheter 1, the high-intensity pulsed light transmitting fiber 2 may be passed through the lumen 17, and a physiological saline solution or the like may be sent through the lumen 17.
- the amount of physiological saline or the like to be sent is not limited, but it is sufficient to be about 1/10 to 1/1000 of the amount of liquid sent by an endoscope for injecting and observing a conventional flush liquid.
- the injection amount in the present invention is about 1 mL / min. With this level of liquid supply, peripheral oxygen supply can be ensured without obstructing blood flow.
- Means for transmitting the high-intensity pulsed light into the blood vessel include a means for irradiating the high-intensity pulsed light located near the distal end of the catheter 1 (the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation section 4) and a high-intensity pulsed light.
- a quartz fiber (optical fiber 1) (fiber 2 for transmitting high intensity pulsed light) transmitted from the intensity pulsed light generator to the high intensity pulsed light irradiation means is included.
- “near the distal end” means a portion near the end opposite to the end (proximal end) connected to the high-intensity pulsed light generator, and includes the distal end and the distal end. Refers to a part several tens of cm from the distal end.
- the quartz fiber 1 is included in the catheter 1 and has one end connected to a high-intensity pulsed light generator and the other end connected to high-intensity pulsed light irradiation means (high-intensity pulsed light irradiation unit 4).
- the quartz fiber used in the present invention from a very thin one having a diameter of about 0.05 to 0.3 ⁇ to a visible one, can be accommodated in the catheter 1 as long as it can transmit high-intensity pulsed light energy. A wide variety of diameters can be used.
- the high-intensity pulsed light irradiating means is a means for irradiating the blood vessel with low-intensity pulsed light. It is generated by an extracorporeal high-intensity pulsed light generator (high-intensity pulsed light source 6), and the quartz fiber (high-intensity pulsed light) High-intensity pulsed light transmitted along the blood vessel in the optical transmission fiber 2) is irradiated into the blood vessel so that water vapor bubbles are formed in the blood. At this time, the direction of high intensity pulsed light irradiation is not limited. Further, as described above, a plurality of high-intensity pulsed light transmission fibers 12 may be dispersed and exist.
- the maximum size of water vapor bubbles generated by high-intensity pulsed light irradiation is a diameter of about 4 mm, the length in the vertical direction is about 5 marauders, and the existence time is about 100 zs to 300 ⁇ s.
- the size of the generated steam bubbles can be controlled by changing the intensity of the high-intensity pulsed light and the diameter of the fiber for irradiating the high-intensity pulsed light. It can also be controlled by adjusting the placement.
- the high-intensity pulsed light intensity, the fiber diameter, and the arrangement of the plurality of fibers can be appropriately set according to the thickness of the blood vessel to be observed.
- the diameter of the fiber is preferably lOO in! It is between ⁇ 100 m.
- the intensity (pulse energy) of the high-intensity pulsed light is not limited and can be set appropriately.
- the pulse width of the high-intensity pulsed light is not limited, but is 10 ns to 10 ms, preferably 100 / xs to 1 ms, and more preferably 150 S to 250 S.
- the pulse width is indicated by the full width at half maximum.
- the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation is desirably synchronized with the pulsation of blood flow, that is, pulsatile blood flow.
- Blood flow is a pulsatile flow.
- blood flow is flowing, that is, when the kinetic energy (dynamic pressure) of the blood flow is large, blood elimination by air bubbles affects not only blood pressure (static pressure) but also dynamic pressure. As a result, it is difficult to remove large volumes of blood.
- the blood flow stops completely the blood is a non-Newtonian fluid, so the viscosity will increase and it will be difficult to remove the blood by air bubbles. Therefore, when the pulsatile blood flow rate decreases,
- the amount of time delay can be determined as appropriate by a combination of an electrocardiograph, a delay generator and a high-intensity pulsed light generator.
- Those skilled in the art can easily determine the timing of transmitting a signal such that high-intensity pulsed light is emitted when the pulsatile blood flow decreases from the electrocardiograph, from the relationship among the known cardiac cycle, aortic blood flow velocity, and electrocardiogram. For example, in the case of the coronary artery, little blood flows during systole when the aortic blood flow rate is large, and blood flows during diastole when the aortic blood flow rate is small.
- the maximum blood flow velocity in the coronary arteries is After the appearance of the T-wave at the time, it is between the appearance of the ⁇ -wave and the irradiation timing of the high-intensity pulsed light is desirably between the appearance of the ⁇ -wave and the disappearance of the QRS-wave.
- a pressure sensor or the like is provided in the catheter of the endoscope apparatus of the present invention, and the pulsation of blood flow is monitored by the sensor. When the pulsatile blood flow decreases, high intensity pulse light is emitted. You may make it so.
- the pressure sensor and the high-intensity pulsed light generator are electronically connected, and a signal from the pressure sensor is transmitted to the high-intensity pulsed light generator with a delay.
- Diagnosis or treatment light such as pulsed illumination light may be transmitted with a signal from a high-intensity pulsed light generator and irradiated with a delay, or a signal from an electrocardiograph or pressure sensor may be transmitted. It may be transmitted and irradiated with a further delay than the high-intensity pulsed light generator.
- the delay time in this case can also be set appropriately. The preferred delay time varies depending on the laser irradiation conditions and the like, but is, for example, several tens of seconds to several hundreds /. Laser irradiation and illumination light irradiation are performed by changing the delay time in a blood vessel to be actually observed using the apparatus of the present invention. And select the time at which the most appropriate image is obtained.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a water vapor bubble generated by the endoscope apparatus of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a laser beam is emitted from the laser transmission fiber 12 in the catheter 1, and water vapor bubbles are generated in the front part of the catheter 1.
- the generation time of water vapor bubbles is as short as about 200 ⁇ s to 300 ⁇ s and cannot be observed with the naked eye. Therefore, in order to radiate the diagnostic or therapeutic light to the blood vessel lumen within a very short period of time when bubbles are generated and blood is eliminated, it is necessary to, for example, radiate visible light to observe the blood vessel lumen.
- the blood vessel is pulsed with a flash lamp for irradiation according to the generation of water vapor bubbles. For example, in the case of an endoscope that emits visible light, time-resolved imaging is performed by illuminating the inside of a blood vessel with pulses.
- a delay may be provided between the irradiation of the high-intensity pulsed light and the irradiation of the pulsed irradiation light for diagnosis or treatment.
- a delay pulse generator 8 may be used. The delay time depends on the combination of the high-intensity pulsed light generator and the diagnostic or therapeutic light irradiation device used, and the pulse width of the high-intensity pulsed light, etc. It may be appropriately set so that pulse irradiation is sometimes performed.
- the light used as diagnostic or therapeutic light in the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention is not limited, and various types of light can be used depending on the purpose.
- Various diagnoses and treatments are possible depending on the wavelength of light and the type of light source.
- various treatments are performed by irradiating light after closing the blood flow by balloon dilatation using a balloon catheter having light irradiation means, and the light irradiation part of the light irradiation means is placed on the vascular lumen wall.
- Various treatments were performed by irradiating light upon contact.
- the device of the present invention it is possible to perform various treatments by irradiating light without closing the blood flow and without bringing the light irradiation unit into contact with the inner wall of the blood vessel. Therefore, all of the known diagnosis or treatment of the lumen of a blood vessel performed by irradiating light can be performed using the apparatus of the present invention.
- any of ultraviolet light, visible light, near-infrared light, and infrared light can be used as diagnostic or therapeutic light.
- light generated by solid-state lasers, semiconductor lasers, dye lasers, tunable near-infrared lasers, optical parametric oscillators (0P0), Raman lasers, and light that can be generated by combining these with a nonlinear optical conversion device. Flash lamps can also be used.
- the light that can be generated by coupling the nonlinear optical conversion device refers to light obtained by passing light generated from a light source through the nonlinear optical conversion device.
- the diagnostic or therapeutic light of the present invention may be high intensity light.
- Diagnosis and treatment of a blood vessel lumen that can be performed using the device of the present invention are not limited, and include, for example, the following diagnosis and treatment.
- the device of the present invention can be used as a blood vessel endoscope device.
- a flash lamp may be used as the visible light.
- the vascular endoscope will be described later.
- Ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 400 1 or less can be used for relaxing blood vessels.
- blood bleeds in tissues due to subarachnoid hemorrhage, blood covers the blood vessels around the tissues, which causes blood vessels to contract and vasospasm.
- weak ultraviolet light it is possible to relax blood vessels and suppress spasm.
- a continuous ultraviolet He-Cd laser is used to irradiate 325 nm ultraviolet light.
- the average light energy applied to the vessel wall at this time is preferably about 10 mJ / mm 2 (Kaniji Nakai et al., Cerebral vasospasm, VOL.
- KrF (krypton-fluoride) excimer laser (wavelength 248 nm) may be irradiated. Irradiation is for example at a repetition rate of 1 to several hundred Hz, 0.1
- near-infrared light having a wavelength of 800 nm or more, which is opposite to ultraviolet light heat is generated in the irradiated area, and blood vessels can be contracted.
- near-infrared to infrared light in blood vessels in a tissue affected by cancer blood flow can be stopped by vasoconstriction, stopping supply of nutrients to cancer cells and killing cancer cells It is possible to do this.
- light of 800 I may be irradiated by a titanium sapphire laser.
- blood vessels can be relaxed or contracted by irradiation with visible light.
- argon ion laser may be Re be irradiated with laser light having a wavelength of 458nm or 514.5 nm (H. Matsuo et al, Lasers Med Sci 2000, 15:. 181-187) 0 Furthermore, by irradiation of ultraviolet light weak Can also contract blood vessels.
- the relaxation and contraction of blood vessels can be controlled.
- laser irradiation is performed by the intravascular diagnosis or treatment light irradiation means of the present invention to destroy atherosclerotic plaque or thrombus in a blood vessel, thereby performing angioplasty.
- Angioplasty is an arteriosclerosis in which the lumen of a blood vessel is narrowed (stenosis), and in thinned blood vessels, atheroma is destroyed or blood clots formed in the blood vessels are destroyed. Refers to treatment from inside the tube.
- Laser angioplasty involves inserting a laser catheter into an artery that is stenotic (narrowing) or occluded (clogging) and using laser light.
- YAG laser (wavelength 2.08 m), xenon 'chloride-E key Shimare one The (wavelength 0.308 m), C0 2 laser (Wavelength 6 ⁇ DI), Nd: YAG laser (wavelength
- the light of a specific wavelength to be irradiated may be transmitted through a flash lamp through a filter of a specific wavelength, and only the light of a desired wavelength may be transmitted through an optical fiber. Further, light of a specific wavelength may be irradiated using pulse light generated by an optical parametric oscillator (0P0), which is a high-intensity pulse light used to generate water vapor bubbles.
- P0 optical parametric oscillator
- the device of the present invention can be used for photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy: PDT, also called photodynamic therapy).
- PDT photochemotherapy
- PDT photochemotherapy
- a photosensitizer PDT drug
- a treatment method that selectively injures and injures the affected tissue.
- the photosensitizer taken into the lesion by the light irradiation is excited, and the energy of the sensitizer transfers to the oxygen present in the lesion to generate active singlet oxygen, and the active oxygen is converted into cells in the lesion.
- a mechanism of necrosis has been proposed.
- PDT can treat atherosclerosis by injuring and destroying atheroma in atherosclerosis.
- PDT In PDT, it is necessary to administer a sensitizer (PDT drug) that can accumulate in the lesion, but the PDT drug used in combination with the device of the present invention is not limited, and a known PDT drug can be used as a light of the absorption wavelength. Can be used in combination with.
- PDT drugs Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-124652, W098 / 14453. JP, JP-A-4-330013, and Japanese Patent No. 2961074).
- ATX-S10 (670 nm), a chlorin-based drug (Iminochlor in aspartic acid derivative, (Toyo Thin Packing Co., Ltd., transferred to Optical Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd. in 2000, JP-A-6-80671) Gazette), NPe6 (664 nm) (mono-L-aspartyl clilor in e6, Patent No.
- mTHPC (652 nm), SnET2 (660 nm) (t in et iopurpur in, Mirabant Medical Technology) ), AlPcS (675 nm) (chloro aluminum sulphonat ed phthalocyanine), BPD-MA (690 nm) (benzoporphyrin derivat ive monoac id ring A, QLT), Lu-tex (732 nm) (Lutetium Texaphyrin) It can be used (common names, absorption wavelengths are shown, and common names, sources, and documents are shown).
- the drugs are dissolved in a suitable buffer such as a phosphate buffered saline solution and, if necessary, pharmaceutically acceptable additives are added.
- suitable buffer such as a phosphate buffered saline solution
- additives include solubilizers such as organic solvents, pH adjusters such as acids and bases, stabilizers such as ascorbic acid, excipients such as darcos, and isotonic agents such as sodium chloride.
- the administration method is not limited, and it may be administered by intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, oral administration, or the like. In addition, it may be directly administered to a lesion in order to reduce sunburn after administration.
- drug delivery means such as needles and drug injection units are installed on vascular catheters and urethral catheters to deliver drugs.
- the drug may be administered locally as a catheter.
- the dose of the PDT drug is not limited, and is 0.01 to 10 (kg / kg body weight, preferably 1 to 5 mg / kg body weight) for systemic administration by intravenous injection or the like.
- the drug prepared at a concentration of / xg / ml to several mg / ml may be administered by injection or the like to a few l to several ml directly into the lesion.
- the PDT drug is accumulated in advance in a lesion such as an atheroma portion of an atherosclerotic portion of a blood vessel wall as described above, and then the device of the present invention is used.
- Irradiation with high-intensity pulsed light generates vapor bubbles in blood vessels, temporarily removes blood, and irradiates light that can be absorbed by the PDT drug as diagnostic or therapeutic light.
- the type of light to be irradiated for treatment in the apparatus of the present invention is not limited, but light generated by continuous or pulsed laser light or wavelength-variable optical parametric oscillator (0P0; Optical Parametric Oscillator) is used. Desirable.
- the irradiation wavelength is from 600 nm to 800 I
- Light having a near wavelength may be used.
- the light generated by 0P0 can change the wavelength and can correspond to various PDT drugs.
- the laser a semiconductor laser, a dye laser, a tunable double-wave of a tunable near-infrared laser, or the like can be preferably used.
- the irradiation light is also adapted to the generation of steam bubbles, and is used as pulsed light.
- the pulsed light means light having a pulse width of lms or less.
- continuous light can be intermittently used using a light chopper and irradiated as pulsed light.
- vascular endoscopic device using visible light which is an example of the intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic device of the present invention, will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- Other blood vessel diagnostic or therapeutic devices of the present invention differ in that the type of light irradiated for diagnosis or treatment is different, and that they do not require imaging means. It can be assembled and used in a similar manner.
- the pulse illumination means includes an illumination light generator having a flash xenon lamp, a flash halogen lamp, or the like as the pulse illumination light source 11, an infrared cut filter, a light control shirt, a condenser lens, and illumination light from the light source.
- an optical fiber that transmits the light to the portion that irradiates the blood vessel.
- the illumination light generator and the optical fiber are connected, and the illumination light generated by the illumination light generator and collected by the condenser lens is introduced into the optical fiber and passes through the light guide 10, inside the blood vessel to be observed. And the inside of the blood vessel is illuminated from the distal end of the optical fiber.
- the optical fiber may be made of quartz glass, similarly to the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation means.
- an LED Light Emitting Diode
- a delay is generated between the emission of the LED and the irradiation of the high-intensity pulsed light. It may be provided and controlled.
- the pulse width of the pulse illumination light is set smaller than the pulse width of the high intensity pulse light. With such a setting, pulse illumination can be performed while the water vapor bubbles are present, and imaging can be reliably performed.
- the position of the light guide 10 distal end (illumination unit 9) with respect to the catheter 1 distal end is not limited, and the light guide 10 distal end (illumination unit 9) may protrude from the catheter 1 distal end.
- the guide 10 distal end (illumination section 9) may be retracted into the catheter 1, or the light guide 10 distal end (illumination section 9) may be It may be at the same position as the distal end in the horizontal direction. For example, if the light guide 10 distal end (illumination section 9) protrudes from the catheter 1 distal end, the inside of the blood vessel can be illuminated without a shadow from the catheter 1, which is advantageous.
- the image of the lumen of the blood vessel is obtained as a still image by performing pulse illumination.
- Obtainable by irradiating high-intensity pulsed light with a pulse at a constant repetition frequency to continuously generate water vapor bubbles and performing pulse illumination in accordance with the generation of water vapor bubbles, it is possible to obtain an image of a blood vessel lumen as a moving image. it can.
- the repetition frequency at this time is, for example, about 20 Hz.
- the image of the blood vessel lumen can be obtained by the imaging means.
- an optical fiber, an image sensor 14, an image processing unit 15, a monitor 16 and the like are connected, and an objective lens such as a cell hook lens is provided at a distal end of the optical fiber, and an observation unit is provided.
- Make up 12 The blood vessel lumen image is transmitted as a reflected light through the optical fiber through a lens provided at the distal end of the image guide 13 of the catheter 1, and is visualized as a blood vessel lumen image.
- the light is condensed by the objective lens existing in the observation section 12 at the distal end of the image guide 13, and passes through the optical fiber to form an image on the image sensor 14 of the television camera.
- an eyepiece may be provided between the lens and the television camera.
- the eyepiece is a device that focuses the image that has passed through the image guide 13 on the image sensor 14 of the TV camera, and requires a magnifying lens, a focus adjustment function, a magnification adjustment function, an image rotation function, and an optical axis adjustment function. Prepare according to. What is necessary is just to use the television camera which has the imaging element 14 such as CCD.
- the blood vessel lumen image can be obtained by adjusting the CCD gate to the generation of water vapor bubbles by the pulse generator.
- the blood vessel luminal wall in a portion where blood has been excluded by the generated water vapor bubbles.
- the position of the lumen of the blood vessel to be imaged may be in the direct viewing direction in a normal blood vessel, but when the blood vessel endoscope is a heart mirror targeting the heart, or when targeting a thick blood vessel, the position of the lens may be changed. It can be set freely by changing the direction and the like. Changing the direction of the lens and focusing the lens can be performed by a motor or the like. Also, prism etc. Can be used to change the observation direction of the blood vessel lumen.
- the image formed on the image sensor 14 is displayed on a monitor 16, and the image is recorded and stored on a video as needed.
- Figure 7 shows an example of the temporal relationship between high-intensity pulsed light irradiation, generation of water vapor bubbles, and pulsed light irradiation for diagnosis or treatment (pulse lighting for illumination in the case of a blood vessel endoscope).
- high-intensity pulsed light is irradiated with a pulse width of 200 AiS
- water vapor bubbles are generated at the same time as pulsed light irradiation, and the volume increases and reaches a maximum, then decreases in volume, Disappears at 300 S.
- the pulsed irradiation light for diagnosis or treatment is emitted with a slight delay from the irradiation of the high-intensity pulsed light so that the irradiation is performed when the volume of the water vapor bubble is near the maximum.
- the pulse width of the pulse irradiation light is smaller than the pulse width of the high-intensity pulse light so that the action (imaging in the case of an endoscopy) can be performed when the vapor bubble is near the maximum.
- the position of the image guide 13 distal end (observation unit 12) with respect to the catheter 1 distal end is not limited, and the image guide 13 distal end (observation unit 12) may protrude from the catheter 1 distal end.
- the guide 13 distal end (observation section 12) may be retracted into the catheter 1, and the image guide 13 distal end (observation section 12) may be at the same position as the distal end in the horizontal direction of the force catheter 1. It may be.
- the distal end (observation unit 12) of the image guide 13 protrudes from the distal end of the catheter 1, it is advantageous because the front can be imaged without obstructing the visual field by the catheter 1.
- the angioscopy apparatus of the present invention may further have a diagnostic or therapeutic means.
- the means for diagnosis or treatment refers to a means for mechanically treating the inside of a blood vessel, and includes, for example, a directional atherectomy (directional coronary artery resection: DCA) device, a thrombus suction device, and a low-brain device.
- a directional atherectomy directional coronary artery resection: DCA
- a thrombus suction device a low-brain device.
- directional arterectomy is a treatment that restores blood flow by placing a special ultra-small canna or file in the blood vessels. It removes atheroma substances, such as atheroma, that have accumulated in the blood vessels and removes them from the body.
- Thrombus aspiration is a treatment that aspirates and removes a thrombus formed in a blood vessel.
- the Rheo-Brighter device rotates at a high speed at the tip and scrapes off atherosclerotic tissue like a file.
- This tip The portion is designed so that only the hard lesion is cut without damaging the normal blood vessel wall. While many methods, including balloon dilation, are ineffective for hard lesions with calcification, the rotablator device is also effective for highly calcified lesions. And
- an image in the blood vessel can be obtained as a moving image.
- a lesion in the blood vessel can be found while observing the image, and the diagnosis or treatment in the blood vessel can be performed by the diagnosis or treatment means.
- the directional artectomy includes a small plane or file, a guide wire for connecting them to the operation unit, and an operation unit.
- the small plane or file is arranged at the distal end of the catheter-shaped endoscope device of the present invention.
- a guide wire is passed through the catheter, and the guide wire connects the small canner or file to the external operating section.Then, the operating section operates to scrape the atherosclerotic plaque or thrombus with the small canner or file. .
- the small plane or file is housed in the housing at the distal end, and a window is opened in the housing. The window is pushed into the arteriosclerotic tissue and the arteriosclerosis is advanced by advancing the small plane or file. Perform tissue resection.
- an arterial sclerosis site may be found by obtaining an image of a blood vessel lumen using the endoscope device of the present invention, and the site may be resected using a directional atherectomy device.
- the thrombus suction device includes a suction device and a suction pump.
- the suction device is provided in a catheter of the catheter endoscope of the present invention, and one end thereof is connected to the pump.
- an image of the lumen of a blood vessel is obtained by using the endoscope apparatus of the present invention to find a site where a thrombus has formed, and the thrombus may be removed by suction using a thrombus suction device.
- the mouth-and-mouth breaker device includes a mouth-and-mouth breaker portion, a guide wire and an operation portion that communicate with the operation portion, and the distal end of the catheter-shaped endoscope device of the present invention.
- a mouth-to-mouth breather is provided at the end, a guide wire is passed through the catheter, the mouth-to-mouth breather is connected to an external operation unit by the guide wire, and the mouth-to-mouth breaker is operated by the operation unit.
- the file with artificial diamond is turned over 100,000 revolutions per minute. It can also be used for the treatment of a new substrate thrombosis.
- an arterial sclerosis site or thrombus may be found by obtaining an image of a blood vessel lumen using the endoscope device of the present invention, and the site may be deleted by a rotator.
- Means for diagnosis include devices for biopsy.
- the device for biopsy consists of a needle, a guide wire, and an operation unit.
- the needle and the operation unit are connected via a guide wire, operated by the operation unit, and the tissue of the blood vessel lumen is collected by the needle unit. I do.
- the needle is disposed at the distal end of the device of the present invention, and is manipulated by the operation unit through the guide wire as described above.
- it is a diagnostic device in that a part of the tissue is collected for biopsy, it is also a therapeutic device because the lesion can be removed with the needle.
- a lesion may be found by obtaining an image of a blood vessel lumen using the endoscope apparatus of the present invention, and the site may be resected by a biopsy device.
- the present invention includes a high-intensity pulsed light generating means and a high-intensity pulsed light transmitting means for transmitting the high-intensity pulsed light, and irradiates the high-intensity pulsed light into the blood vessel to generate a water vapor bubble, thereby temporarily transferring the blood in the blood vessel.
- a device for intravascular diagnosis or treatment which can be temporarily eliminated, high-intensity pulsed light is applied to the inside of the blood vessel to generate vapor bubbles in the blood and temporarily eliminate the blood, and then the intravascular diagnosis or treatment is performed.
- the method also includes irradiating therapeutic light to diagnose or treat a blood vessel lumen.
- high-intensity pulsed light generation means and high-intensity pulsed light transmission means for transmitting high-intensity pulsed light, irradiates high-intensity pulsed light into blood vessels to generate water vapor bubbles, and temporarily removes blood in blood vessels.
- high-intensity pulsed light is applied to the inside of the blood vessel to generate water vapor bubbles in the blood to temporarily eliminate the blood, and then the visible light is applied to the blood vessel. There is a method of viewing the lumen.
- the present invention has a high intensity pulsed light generating means and a high intensity pulsed light transmitting means for transmitting the high intensity pulsed light, and irradiates the high intensity pulsed light into a pipe containing a fluid to generate water vapor bubbles, It also includes in-pipe observation or repair equipment that can temporarily eliminate fluid.
- the apparatus for observing or repairing the inside of the pipe has pulse light irradiating means for irradiating light for observing or repairing and enabling observation or repair on the inner wall of the pipe or the connecting portion in the pipe.
- the apparatus for observing or repairing the inside of the pipe has illumination light irradiating means for illuminating the inside of the pipe by pulse illumination to enable optical observation, and imaging means for imaging the inner wall of the pipe illuminated by the illumination light.
- Fluid-containing tubes suitable for use with the device may be viewed or A tube containing a fluid or liquid that does not transmit light used for the observation or repair in the tube to be repaired. Examples of such fluids or liquids include fluids or liquids that contain light-absorbing and scattering materials and have difficulty in transmitting light. Specifically, solvents such as toluene, mineral oil such as petroleum, milk and soft drinks Drinking water such as water, opaque sewage, etc. are listed.
- the inside diameter of a tube suitable for observation or repair by the device is several to several tens of mm. With such a diameter, steam bubbles can be generated without generating large sound pressure waves.
- Pipes that can be used with this device include pipes used in manufacturing plants and sewage treatment plants in the chemical and food industries, including the above solvents, mineral oil, milk, soft drinks, and opaque sewage. Is mentioned.
- the material of the tube at this time is not limited, and any material that can be used as the material of the tube in the above-mentioned industrial fields, such as metal, rubber, and synthetic resin such as silicone resin, can be observed using the apparatus of the present invention. Be eligible for repair.
- the method of irradiating the high-intensity pulsed light includes a high-intensity pulsed light generating means and a high-intensity pulsed light transmitting means for transmitting the high-intensity pulsed light.
- observation light visible light
- repair light for example, laser light, ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared light, or near-infrared light is used.
- Specific applications include finding or repairing damage in pipes, and finding or removing foreign matter in pipes.
- Repairing the device means bringing the inside of the pipe to a normal state, including removing foreign matter.
- a colony of microorganisms formed in the tube can be found, and the microorganisms can be killed using repair light.
- microorganisms can be killed by irradiation with ultraviolet light, and microorganisms can also be killed thermally by irradiation with infrared light.
- the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
- FIG. 5 shows the endoscope apparatus used in this embodiment.
- a small-diameter endoscope was set in a sheath 23 made of stainless steel and having a length of about 3 cm and an inner diameter of 0.8 cm.
- An image guide 20 and a light guide 21 are provided in the small-diameter endoscope 22.
- a laser transmission fiber 19 was set along the fiber, and these were put in a catheter sheath 18.
- the distal ends of the small-diameter endoscope 22, ie, the image guide 20 and the light guide 21 were slightly protruded from the laser transmission fiber 119.
- the same optical fiber for imaging in the laser transmission optical fiber 19 and the image guide 20 was used.
- the light guide 21 was made of plastic.
- the diameter of the laser transmission fiber 19 was about 0.6 mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter endoscope 22 in which the light guide 21 and the image guide 20 were integrated was about 0.7 nm.
- the optical fiber 19 for laser transmission was connected to a Ho: YAG laser generator 24 (LASE 1-2-3SCHWARTZ (ELECTRO-OPTICS (USA))).
- Light guides for pulsed light illumination Several fibers were used as an optical fiber for pulsed light transmission of the light guide 21.
- the optical fiber for transmitting pulsed illumination light was connected to a flash lamp 25 (Fiber Video Flash MODEL FA-1J 10TS (Nissin Electronics Co., Ltd.)) via a condenser lens 26.
- a flash lamp 25 Fiber Video Flash MODEL FA-1J 10TS (Nissin Electronics Co., Ltd.)
- the Ho: YAG laser generator 24 and the flash lamp 25 were connected via a delay generator 27 (digital delay generator BNC555Series (Seki Technotron Co., Ltd.)).
- a cell hook lens is arranged at the distal end of the optical fiber of the image guide 20, and the other side is connected to a CCD camera 28 (Endoscope 3 CCD video camera system MV-5010A (Machida Seisakusho Co., Ltd.)).
- the CCD camera 28 was connected to a monitor 29 (PVM-9040 (manufactured by SONY)) via an RGB cable so that the image of the blood vessel lumen could be observed on the monitor 29.
- the isolated pig coronary artery and bush blood used in this example were obtained from the Tokyo Central Wholesale Market Meat Market.
- the coronary artery 30 was cut to a length of about 5 cm before use.
- One end of the coronary artery 30 is ligated, and physiological saline or heparin-added blood is introduced into the inside of the coronary artery 30.
- the optical fiber for laser transmission 19, light guide 21 and image guide The distal end of the catheter sheath 18 provided with 20 is immersed in physiological saline or blood, and without irradiating the laser, the pulse illumination light is illuminated with a pulse width of 10 S and the CCD force 28 is obtained.
- the image of the lumen of the blood vessel was displayed on a monitor 29 and recorded in a video.
- the blood containing pig blood was imaged by irradiating a laser to generate water vapor bubbles.
- the laser intensity was about 200 mJ / pulse and the pulse width was about 200 s.
- the blood vessel lumen image obtained by the CCD camera after being delayed by the delay generator was displayed on a monitor and recorded by video.
- Fig. 8 shows a photograph of the vascular lumen when saline was injected into the porcine coronary artery.
- Fig. 9 shows a photograph of the vascular lumen when pig blood was injected into the coronary artery.
- Fig. 7 shows a photograph of the lumen of a blood vessel when blood was injected into the coronary artery and irradiated with a pulsed laser.
- Fig. 9 when blood was injected into the coronary artery and imaged without laser irradiation, the whole image was red and the blood vessel lumen could not be seen due to the presence of blood. .
- FIG. 9 when clear physiological saline was placed in the porcine coronary artery, the vascular lumen could be observed.
- Example 2 Milk was filled in a silicone tube, and the inner wall of the tube was observed using the endoscope apparatus of the present invention.
- the endoscope device used was the same as in Example 1.
- a silicone tube with an inner diameter of 3 mm was cut open, a paper colored with a red water-resistant ink was adhered inside, and the silicone tube was closed again.
- the distal end of the catheter sheath 18 in which the optical fiber for laser transmission 19 of the endoscope device, the light guide 21 and the image guide 20 are disposed in the silicone tube is inserted into the tube, and the tube is inserted into the tube.
- the milk was placed in the milk so that the milk was filled. Next, pulsed laser irradiation was performed to generate water vapor bubbles, and imaging was performed.
- the laser intensity at this time is It was 200mJ / pulse or 450mJ / pulse at one end.
- the pulse width was about 200 ⁇ s.
- the blood vessel lumen image obtained by the CCD camera after being delayed by the delay generator was displayed on the monitor and recorded on video. The delay time depends on the laser intensity
- the size of the image will be blurry if there is scattering liquid (milk) before the focus position, and it will be small if the scattering liquid (milk) is removed beyond the focus position because it is in focus.
- the brightness of the screen indicates how much scattered liquid (milk) is present in the observation field (the part where the illumination light is present and can be seen), and the darker means the scattering in the observation field. Indicates that liquid has been removed.
- the resulting image is represented in L * a * b * color system using color processing software (Photoshop (Adobe, USA)), and the size is the radius of the part of the Lab image where the brightness is 20 or more. Was measured with a vernier caliper, and the brightness was measured at the brightest part in the Lab image.
- Fig. 11 shows a delay time of 70 ⁇ s (0.05deg)
- Fig. 11A shows laser intensity of 200 mJ / pulse (charging voltage 900V)
- Fig. 11B shows laser intensity.
- FIG. 11D shows the imaging result of the control in air.
- Fig. 12 shows a delay time of 140Ms (0.1deg)
- Fig. 12A shows a laser intensity of 200mJ / pulse (charging voltage of 900V)
- Fig. 12B shows a laser intensity of 450mJ / pulse (charging voltage of 1000V)
- Fig. 12D shows the imaging result of the control in air. If no water vapor bubbles are generated, milk is present in the vicinity of the illuminating section and the observation section, so that the illuminating light emitted from the illuminating section is diffusely reflected by the milk, and the captured image is white and bright.
- Fig. 13 shows the relative values of magnitude and brightness at each delay time when the laser intensity was 450 mJ / pulse. The smaller size and brightness of the image indicate that a sufficiently large water vapor bubble was generated.
- the aortic lumen of a rabbit was observed using the endoscope apparatus of the present invention.
- the configuration of the endoscope device used is similar to the endoscope device shown in Fig. 5 used in Example 1, but the laser generator is a flash lamp pumped Ho: YAG laser (manufactured by Cyber Laser, model FLHY-1 ) Was used.
- the laser irradiation fiber a fiber with a core diameter of 0.6 and a diameter of 1.45 mm was used, which was bundled with an endoscope with a 1.3 tall outer diameter (manufactured by au medical studio).
- a sheath of lOFr. was placed in the rabbit aorta, and a bundle of the above fiber and endoscope was inserted.
- Laser irradiation conditions were 10 Hz and 400 mJ / pulse.
- the blood vessel lumen was imaged without irradiating the laser.
- Fig. 14 shows a photograph of the lumen of a blood vessel taken without laser irradiation
- Fig. 15 shows a photograph of the lumen of a blood vessel taken with laser irradiation to generate water vapor bubbles.
- Do not irradiate laser When the image was taken with, blood was present, so the entire image was red and the lumen of the blood vessel could not be seen.
- the laser beam was irradiated to generate steam bubbles, the blood vessel bubbles could temporarily remove blood in the blood vessel in front of the sheath, so that the vessel lumen could be observed.
- Example 3 the blood vessel lumen of a living animal was actually observed.
- the present invention has low invasiveness and low invasiveness because it does not involve blood occlusion or infusion of a large amount of a heterogeneous solution, does not need to stop the oxygen carrier blood, and can secure oxygen supply to the periphery. Diagnosis or treatment of coronary arteries, etc., which was difficult with conventional expensive devices, can be performed easily and safely.
- the device of the present invention enables not only diagnosis and treatment of blood vessels, but also observation and repair of an artificial tubular article.
- the device of the present invention can be used for diagnosis or treatment of a blood vessel lumen.
- the device of the present invention can perform diagnosis or treatment of a blood vessel lumen without closing blood flow in the blood vessel unlike a conventional device for diagnosis or treatment of a blood vessel, and therefore has a minimally invasive blood vessel lumen. It can be used as a diagnostic or therapeutic device.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04731487A EP1637061A4 (en) | 2003-05-01 | 2004-05-06 | INTRAVASCULAR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPY DEVICE WITH HIGH INTENSITY PULSE LIGHT |
JP2005516548A JP4496344B2 (ja) | 2003-05-01 | 2004-05-06 | 高強度パルス光を利用した血管内診断または治療用装置 |
US10/554,871 US8657811B2 (en) | 2003-05-01 | 2004-05-06 | Intravascular diagnostic or therapeutic apparatus using high-intensity pulsed light |
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JP2003-126633 | 2003-05-01 | ||
JP2003126633 | 2003-05-01 | ||
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JP2003-328984 | 2003-09-19 |
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US (1) | US8657811B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1637061A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4496344B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005063113A1 (ja) |
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JP2007090078A (ja) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | Siemens Ag | カテーテル装置、ステントシステム、バルーンカテーテル装置および光増感剤の生体内活性化方法 |
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US8961580B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2015-02-24 | Keio University | Abnormal electrical conduction blocking apparatus using photodynamic therapy (PDT) |
US9724537B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2017-08-08 | Keio University | Abnormal electrical conduction blocking apparatus using photodynamic therapy (PDT) |
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JP2011189019A (ja) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-29 | Sony Corp | 判別装置及び判別方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1637061A1 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
US8657811B2 (en) | 2014-02-25 |
EP1637061A4 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
JP4496344B2 (ja) | 2010-07-07 |
US20080221560A1 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
JPWO2005063113A1 (ja) | 2007-07-19 |
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