WO2005052371A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement d'un circuit integre - Google Patents
Dispositif de refroidissement d'un circuit integre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005052371A1 WO2005052371A1 PCT/FR2004/050584 FR2004050584W WO2005052371A1 WO 2005052371 A1 WO2005052371 A1 WO 2005052371A1 FR 2004050584 W FR2004050584 W FR 2004050584W WO 2005052371 A1 WO2005052371 A1 WO 2005052371A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- conductive layer
- insulating
- membrane
- edge
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
- F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
- F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
- F04B43/043—Micropumps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B7/00—Microstructural systems; Auxiliary parts of microstructural devices or systems
- B81B7/0083—Temperature control
- B81B7/009—Maintaining a constant temperature by heating or cooling
- B81B7/0093—Maintaining a constant temperature by heating or cooling by cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/46—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids
- H01L23/473—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/03—Microengines and actuators
- B81B2201/036—Micropumps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
- B81B2203/0127—Diaphragms, i.e. structures separating two media that can control the passage from one medium to another; Membranes, i.e. diaphragms with filtering function
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/03—Static structures
- B81B2203/0315—Cavities
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to micropumps and in particular their use in an integrated circuit cooling device.
- a known cooling device is a metal radiator placed against one face of the chip of an integrated circuit. Heat is removed from a "hot" area of the circuit to the radiator through a part of the circuit generally having poor thermal conductivity.
- the integrated circuit is placed in an enclosure comprising a fan producing a permanent air current around the circuit.
- a more general object of the present invention is to provide a micropump.
- the present invention provides a pump comprising: a cavity formed in an insulating substrate, the upper part of the substrate located near the cavity constituting an edge, a conductive layer covering the interior of the cavity up to at the border and possibly covering the border, a flexible membrane, made of a conductive material, placed above the cavity and pressing on the border, a dielectric layer covering the conductive layer or the membrane so as to isolate the portions of the conductive layer and of the membrane which are close to each other, at least one ventilation duct formed in the insulating substrate which opens into the cavity through an opening in the conductive layer, and terminals application of a voltage between the conductive layer and the membrane.
- said cavity has substantially the shape of a basin such that the gap between the conductive layer and the membrane increases progressively from the edge towards the bottom of the cavity.
- the membrane is in a state of rest when no voltage is applied between said terminals, the application of a voltage deforming the membrane by bringing it closer to the conductive layer, the removal of the tension bringing the membrane back to its resting state.
- the pump comprises a single ventilation duct opening ⁇ singing substantially at the bottom of the cavity.
- the pump comprises two ventilation ducts, one opening ⁇ singing substantially at the bottom of the cavity, the other opening near the edge.
- the pump is connected to a set of ventilation conduits formed in the semiconductor substrate of the integrated circuit.
- the present invention also provides a method of forming a pump in an integrated circuit, which comprises the following steps: forming a cavity in an insulating substrate, the upper part of the substrate located near the cavity constituting an edge; cover the interior of the cavity to the edge and possibly the edge of a first conductive layer; forming an opening of the conductive layer opening into a ventilation duct previously formed in the insulating substrate; fill the cavity with a sacrificial portion; covering the sacrificial portion and the portion of the first conductive layer placed above the edge of a first insulating layer and a second conductive layer; forming a small opening in the second conductive layer and in the first insulating layer; eliminate the sacrificial portion; and covering the second conductive layer with a second insulating layer in order to fill the opening.
- the step of forming a cavity in an insulating substrate comprises the following steps: forming insulating pads on a first insulating layer; covering the first insulating layer and the insulating pads with a second insulating layer; and performing a chemical mechanical polishing of the second insulating layer until the insulating pads are discovered, the method of etching the polishing being such that it etches the second insulating layer more than the insulating pads, the insulating pads constituting said edge.
- the present invention also provides a method of actuating a pump as described above, in which a voltage is applied at regular or irregular intervals between said terminals.
- Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views of a pump according to the present invention in two operating states
- Figure 3 is a top view of the pump shown in Figures 1 and 2
- Figures 4 and 5 are sectional views of another example of a pump according to the present invention in two operating states
- FIGS. 6A to 61 are sectional views of structures obtained during successive stages of a method for producing a pump according to the present invention
- Figure 7 is a sectional view of an exemplary integrated circuit comprising a pump according to the present invention.
- the various figures are not drawn to scale. 1.
- Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views of a pump according to the present invention respectively in a rest state and in an activation state.
- Figure 3 is a top view of the pump shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- the pump is formed above an insulating substrate 1 and more precisely in an upper cavity 2 of the substrate 1.
- the cavity 2 a in this example a form of basin.
- the upper part of the substrate 1 located near the cavity constitutes a border, in this example having a circular shape as can be seen in FIG. 3.
- the interior and the border of the cavity 2 are covered with a conductive layer 3 for example copper or aluminum.
- An opening 01 of the conductive layer 3 is formed substantially at the bottom of the cavity 2 above an aeration duct 4 formed in the substrate 1.
- the aeration duct 4 opens out to the exterior of the substrate.
- a flexible membrane 6, made of a conductive material, is placed above the cavity 2 by pressing on the edge of the cavity 2 above the conductive layer 3.
- the membrane 6 and the conductive layer 3 are isolated from each other by an insulating layer 7 covering in this example the lower surface of the flexible membrane 6.
- the conductive layer 3 and the flexible membrane 6 are connected to two terminals between which a control circuit V applies a voltage on command.
- the membrane 6 and the insulating layer 7 are 'substantially horizontal, as shown in FIG. 1.
- the membrane 6 In the activation state, when the control circuit V applies a voltage, the membrane 6 deforms as it approaches the conductive layer 3, as shown in FIG. 2.
- the insulating layer 7 covers the conductive layer 3. The opening 01 is then formed through the insulating layer 7 and the conductive layer 3.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are views in section of another example of a pump according to the present invention respectively in a state of rest and in a state of activation.
- the pump has a structure substantially identical to that of the pump shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- the pump also comprises a second ventilation duct 10 connected to a second opening in the substrate and opening into a second opening 02 in the conductive layer 3 formed near the edge of the basin-shaped cavity 2.
- the membrane 6 gradually deforms and as it approaches the conductive layer 3, it covers the opening 02. Then the increasingly significant deformation of the membrane reduces the volume of the pocket air and expels hot air through the ventilation duct 4.
- the control circuit V stops applying a voltage the membrane 6 gradually relaxes until it returns to its resting state.
- the membrane 6 covers the opening 02, air enters the cavity through the ventilation duct 4. As soon as the opening 02 is uncovered, air enters the cavity 2 through the two ducts d ventilation 4 and 10. In the case where the size of the opening 02 is significantly greater than that of the opening 01, the volume of air entering through the opening 02 is much greater than that entering through the opening 01 Thus, when the membrane 6 is released, it is possible to fill the cavity 2 with air mainly coming from the ventilation duct 10. Consequently, the entry of "fresh" air into the cavity 2 mainly done by the ventilation duct 10 and the "hot” air outlet is mainly done by the ventilation duct 4.
- the dimensions of the various elements of the pump are as follows:
- the pumps described above have a basin shape which has the above-mentioned advantage.
- other forms of cavity in which the conductive layer placed inside the cavity and the flexible membrane placed above the cavity are not necessarily in contact on the edge of the cavity.
- Method of manufacturing a pump A pump according to the present invention can be produced according to the method described below. During an initial step, illustrated in FIG. 6A, a basin 20-shaped cavity is produced in an insulating substrate 21. The upper part of the substrate located near the cavity constitutes a border. The shape of the cavity will preferably be in "basin" so that the depth of the cavity gradually increases from the edge to the bottom of the cavity.
- the basin shape can be obtained according to the following process. Insulating pads 23 and 24 are formed on an insulating layer 22.
- the interior and the edge of the cavity 20 are covered with a conductive layer 30, for example of aluminum.
- the conductive layer 30 is etched in order to form an opening 03 at the bottom of the cavity 20 above an aeration duct 31 previously formed in the substrate 21.
- the cavity 20 is filled with a sacrificial portion 32.
- the sacrificial portion 32 does not cover the edge of the cavity 20. It is possible to use a method of depositing a sacrificial layer which is the least be compliant so as not to fill the vent 31.
- an insulating layer 33 is formed above the sacrificial portion 32 and above the portions of the conductive layer 30 situated on the edge of the cavity 20.
- a small opening 04 is formed in the conductive layer 34 and in the insulating layer 33 until the sacrificial portion 32 is reached. core.
- the sacrificial portion 32 is eliminated through the opening 04, for example by etching.
- the conductive layer 34 is covered with a thin insulating layer 35 according to a process that is as inconsistent as possible so that the deposited insulating layer penetrates as little as possible through the opening 04.
- a pump according to the present invention can be used to circulate air, or another fluid, through a set of ventilation ducts formed in an integrated circuit in order to cool it.
- An example of ventilation ducts and a method of forming such ventilation ducts are described in the document entitled "Micromachining of Buried Micro Channels in Silicon", of the JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS, Vol 9, N ° l, of March 2000
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an example of an integrated circuit comprising a pump according to the present invention.
- Components 40 such as MOS transistors, are formed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate 41.
- a network of ventilation ducts 42 is provided in the semiconductor substrate 41.
- a network of metallic interconnections 43 is placed above the components 40 and of the substrate 41.
- the interconnection network 43 in this example comprises five levels of metalization on which various conductive lines are formed. Conductive vias are used to connect conductive lines placed on two adjacent levels.
- a micro pump according to the present invention is placed in this example above the interconnection network 43 and more particularly in a basin-shaped cavity 45 formed in the upper insulating layer of the last metallization level.
- a conductive layer 46 covers the interior and the edge of the cavity 45.
- a conductive layer 47, covered on the underside with an insulating layer 48, is placed above the cavity 45 by pressing on the edge.
- a vertical opening, corresponding to a conduit 49, is produced through the network of interconnections 43.
- the conduit 49 opens firstly into the cavity 45 of the pump by an opening of the conductive layer 46 and secondly into the ventilation duct 42 provided in the substrate semiconductor 41.
- the pump is placed under a protective "bell" consisting of an insulating portion 54 having substantially the shape of a hemisphere placed on the interconnection network 43.
- the insulating layer On one side of the cavity 45, the insulating layer
- the conductive layer 48 extends to partially cover the upper insulating layer of the interconnection network 43.
- the conductive layer 47 extends above the extension of the insulating layer 48 until it covers a portion of the upper insulating layer in which is placed a conductive via 50 connected to a conductive line 51 of the interconnection network 43.
- the conductive layer 46 is connected to a conductive line 52 of the interconnection network via a conductive via 53 placed under the conductive layer 46.
- the conductive lines 51 and 52 make it possible to connect the conductive layers 46 and 47 to a control circuit V formed in the substrate of the integrated circuit.
- Such an integrated circuit could include a temperature sensor.
- the control circuit may activate the pump more or less quickly depending on the temperature detected.
- Other embodiments of an integrated circuit comprising a pump according to the present invention could be imagined.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/580,324 US8164183B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2004-11-12 | Integrated circuit cooling device |
EP04805827A EP1687535A1 (fr) | 2003-11-25 | 2004-11-12 | Dispositif de refroidissement d un circuit integre |
JP2006540554A JP2007512468A (ja) | 2003-11-25 | 2004-11-12 | 集積回路のための冷却装置 |
US13/436,583 US8804300B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2012-03-30 | Method of forming a cooling device for an integrated circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0350910A FR2862629B1 (fr) | 2003-11-25 | 2003-11-25 | Dispositif de refroidissement d'un circuit integre |
FR0350910 | 2003-11-25 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/580,324 A-371-Of-International US8164183B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2004-11-12 | Integrated circuit cooling device |
US13/436,583 Division US8804300B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2012-03-30 | Method of forming a cooling device for an integrated circuit |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005052371A1 true WO2005052371A1 (fr) | 2005-06-09 |
Family
ID=34531395
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2004/050584 WO2005052371A1 (fr) | 2003-11-25 | 2004-11-12 | Dispositif de refroidissement d'un circuit integre |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8164183B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1687535A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2007512468A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2862629B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005052371A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007067413A (ja) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-15 | Stmicroelectronics Sa | 可変キャパシタを形成する方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008006832A1 (de) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-08-13 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Elektromagnetischer Membran-Mikroaktor |
US9214622B2 (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2015-12-15 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Size-controllable opening and method of making same |
US20200016590A1 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2020-01-16 | Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Gmbh | Analysis device, cartridge and method for testing a sample |
TWI626627B (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-06-11 | 研能科技股份有限公司 | 致動傳感模組 |
EP4327368A2 (fr) * | 2021-04-23 | 2024-02-28 | The General Hospital Corporation | Transistors fluidiques et utilisations associées |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5367878A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1994-11-29 | University Of Southern California | Transient energy release microdevices and methods |
EP0779436A2 (fr) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-06-18 | Frank T. Hartley | Pompe péristaltique micro-usiné |
US6032923A (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 2000-03-07 | Xerox Corporation | Fluid valves having cantilevered blocking films |
US6106245A (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 2000-08-22 | Honeywell | Low cost, high pumping rate electrostatically actuated mesopump |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5901037A (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 1999-05-04 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Closed loop liquid cooling for semiconductor RF amplifier modules |
US6837476B2 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2005-01-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Electrostatically actuated valve |
SG105459A1 (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2004-08-27 | Micron Technology Inc | Mems heat pumps for integrated circuit heat dissipation |
DE10054484A1 (de) * | 2000-11-03 | 2002-05-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Mikromechanisches Bauelement und entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren |
US6729856B2 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2004-05-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Electrostatically actuated pump with elastic restoring forces |
US7082024B2 (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-07-25 | Stmicroelectronics S.A. | Component comprising a variable capacitor |
-
2003
- 2003-11-25 FR FR0350910A patent/FR2862629B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-11-12 EP EP04805827A patent/EP1687535A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-11-12 WO PCT/FR2004/050584 patent/WO2005052371A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2004-11-12 JP JP2006540554A patent/JP2007512468A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-11-12 US US10/580,324 patent/US8164183B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-03-30 US US13/436,583 patent/US8804300B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5367878A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1994-11-29 | University Of Southern California | Transient energy release microdevices and methods |
EP0779436A2 (fr) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-06-18 | Frank T. Hartley | Pompe péristaltique micro-usiné |
US6106245A (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 2000-08-22 | Honeywell | Low cost, high pumping rate electrostatically actuated mesopump |
US6032923A (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 2000-03-07 | Xerox Corporation | Fluid valves having cantilevered blocking films |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1687535A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007067413A (ja) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-15 | Stmicroelectronics Sa | 可変キャパシタを形成する方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1687535A1 (fr) | 2006-08-09 |
FR2862629A1 (fr) | 2005-05-27 |
US8804300B2 (en) | 2014-08-12 |
US8164183B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 |
FR2862629B1 (fr) | 2006-02-17 |
US20120187519A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
JP2007512468A (ja) | 2007-05-17 |
US20070278663A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
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