WO2005030641A1 - Poudre de coke fortement activee et procede de production de celle-ci - Google Patents

Poudre de coke fortement activee et procede de production de celle-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005030641A1
WO2005030641A1 PCT/JP2003/012355 JP0312355W WO2005030641A1 WO 2005030641 A1 WO2005030641 A1 WO 2005030641A1 JP 0312355 W JP0312355 W JP 0312355W WO 2005030641 A1 WO2005030641 A1 WO 2005030641A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
activated coke
exhaust gas
powder
coke powder
particle size
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2003/012355
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yukihiro Hirabayashi
Yuuji Horikawa
Masao Sotooka
Hiroyasu Nishiyama
Mitsuaki Shiiya
Hisao Tsuboya
Kazunori Kandani
Original Assignee
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electric Power Development Co., Ltd. filed Critical Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
Priority to PCT/JP2003/012355 priority Critical patent/WO2005030641A1/fr
Priority to AU2003266652A priority patent/AU2003266652A1/en
Publication of WO2005030641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005030641A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30—Active carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30—Active carbon
    • C01B32/312—Preparation
    • C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a highly activated coke powder and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a highly activated active coke powder which is effective as a spray for adsorbing dioxins, mercury, and other heavy metals discharged from waste incinerators and the like.
  • the present invention relates to coke powder and a method for producing the same.
  • Sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, etc. are contained in flue gas discharged from boilers and other heating combustion furnaces that use sulfur-containing pulverized coal, coal-based or petroleum-based heavy oil, etc. as a fuel source. Contains air pollutants.
  • the combustion exhaust gas is contact-washed with an alkaline aqueous wet absorbent such as an aqueous aluminum hydroxide solution and an aqueous ammonia solution to remove sulfur oxide and the like.
  • a wet flue gas desulfurization method that absorbs and removes water, or a dry flue gas desulfurization method that makes contact with activated coke to adsorb sulfur oxides is used.
  • the flue gas is introduced into a moving bed type adsorption tower filled with activated coke particles to remove harmful substances such as sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas.
  • the particulate matter is adsorbed and removed, and the exhaust gas after being adsorbed and removed is discharged to a chimney directly or through a dust collector.
  • activated coke particulates that have adsorbed harmful substances are recycled by heating and regenerating, and sulfur oxides and the like separated by the heating and regenerating treatment are oxidized by a recovery device to form concentrated sulfuric acid and reduced sulfur. Collected as a by-product.
  • the abrasion powder generated by the regeneration process is either incinerated or processed together with fly ash as a raw material for cement.
  • PCDD polychlorinated dibenzodioxin
  • PCDF polychlorinated dibenzofuran
  • cobrana PCB cobrana PCB among organic compounds
  • dioxins re-synthesize (denopo-synthesis) mainly in the temperature range of 200 ° C to 350 ° C, and dioxin concentration It has been reported that problems such as an increase in the number of occurrences occur.
  • a dry method in which the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator is sequentially introduced into a bag filter and an activated coke adsorption tower to remove soot, harmful substances and odorous substances contained in the exhaust gas.
  • an activated coke adsorption tower to remove soot, harmful substances and odorous substances contained in the exhaust gas.
  • dioxins, precursors of dioxins, hydrogen chloride and the like are removed by adsorption or reaction by spraying activated coke powder into the exhaust gas prior to introducing the exhaust gas to the bag filter.
  • the activated coke (or activated carbon) powder to be sprayed here is desirably a highly activated powder that uniformly disperses and floats in the exhaust gas stream and simultaneously adsorbs harmful substances such as dioxins and heavy metals.
  • Such commercially available activated coke powder is inevitably expensive, and the continuous consumption of a large amount of the activated coke increases the running cost. Excellent and cheaper ones are desired.
  • Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 9-129046 discloses that a scattered adsorbent is blown into the exhaust gas stream to remove harmful substances in the exhaust gas.
  • a method has been proposed that adsorbs, separates and removes dust and scattered adsorbent in a bag filter, guides the exhaust gas that has exited the bag filter to an activated coke adsorption tower, and adsorbs and removes harmful substances remaining in the exhaust gas with an adsorbent.
  • 1-16-169664 discloses that a carbonaceous adsorbent is blown into an exhaust gas stream after dust has been removed at a bagfill, and then the carbonaceous adsorbent is transferred to a moving bed reactor. Harmful substances to carbon A method of adsorbing and removing with a porous adsorbent has also been proposed. In both of these proposals, the activated coke (carbonaceous adsorbent) extracted from the adsorption tower is heated and regenerated in the regeneration tower, and the regenerated activated coke is returned to the adsorption tower via a sieving device and recycled. It is characterized in that the waste activated coke powder separated from activated coke in the sieving apparatus is used as it is as a spray adsorbent or a carbonaceous adsorbent in the same process.
  • the waste activated coke powder used as a spray adsorbent or a carbonaceous adsorbent in the above proposed method is cheaper and more advantageous than a commercial product in that it uses what has been conventionally treated as waste. Because particle size is not adjusted, it is difficult to uniformly disperse and float in the exhaust gas stream, and because it is reused in the same dioxin and other exhaust gas treatment equipment, the increase in pore volume is small and it is useful for adsorbing dioxin again. There is a drawback of low activation activity. Furthermore, there is a limit to the amount of waste activated coke that can be used separately from the same process, and it can cover only the required blowing amount of about 1 Z5 to 1 Z2. Therefore, there is a strong demand for the development of an inexpensive and highly active activated coke powder that eliminates the drawbacks of vigorous activity.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and highly activated activated coke powder capable of efficiently adsorbing and detoxifying dioxins contained in exhaust gas, and a method for producing the same. .
  • the present inventors have found that the abrasion powder generated during heating and regeneration of activated coke granules used in the flue gas desulfurization process of flue gas, in particular, has an increased pore volume. It has been found that the activation activity can be increased by adjusting the particle size, and that it can be optimally used as a spray for adsorbing dioxins in a dioxin-containing exhaust gas treatment process, and has led to the present invention. is there.
  • the highly activated coke powder and the method for producing the same according to the present invention have the following structure or Or a means for solving the above-mentioned problems.
  • the highly activated coke powder of the present invention comes in contact with a sulfur oxide-containing combustion exhaust gas in a dry flue gas desulfurization process to adsorb sulfur oxides and the like, and the activated coke powder is heated and desorbed to increase the activation, thereby regenerating activated coke powder. It is a wear powder separated from the particulate matter.
  • the high activation activity coke powder of the present invention is such that the abrasion powder has an average particle diameter of 10 to 15 m, and a content of 0.3 to 4 m in the total content of 10 to 15 m. It is characterized in that the particle size has been adjusted to 25% by mass.
  • the pore volume has been increased by repeating the adsorption and heating desorption treatment of sulfur oxides present in gaseous form in flue gas.
  • Adsorption performance is the most improved because of the use of abrasion powder from waste.
  • it because of its excellent uniform dispersion and floating properties in the exhaust gas stream due to particle size adjustment, it can exhibit high adsorption performance on large molecular diameter substances such as sulfur oxides, dioxins, and heavy metals such as mercury.
  • the highly activated coke powder of the present invention contains dioxins and heavy metals such as mercury contained in exhaust gas discharged from a waste incinerator or the like and cooled to 190 ° C or less. Preferably, it is used as a spray for adsorption.
  • the coke powder adsorbing dioxins has a low dust loss due to a small pressure loss at the bag filter and easy passage through the bag filter filtration surface due to the above particle size adjustment. Does not inhibit. Furthermore, since the high ignition resistance of activated coke (ignition temperature 450 ° C or higher) is inherited, the captured fine powder exerts the effect of preventing ignition of bagfill.
  • the method for producing highly activated coke powder of the present invention is a dry method in which a combustion exhaust gas containing sulfur oxide is introduced into an adsorption tower filled with activated coke particulates as an adsorbent to adsorb and remove sulfur oxide and the like. Activity of adsorbing sulfur oxides etc. in flue gas desulfurization process
  • the coke granules are heated to 400 ° C to 600 ° C in an inert gas atmosphere to be regenerated and circulated to the adsorption tower. It is characterized in that the average particle diameter is 10 to 15 m, and the content of the particles having a particle diameter of 0.3 to 4 m is adjusted to a particle size of 10 to 25% by mass of the whole.
  • abrasion powder that has been generated in large quantities in the dry flue gas desulfurization process (about 200,000 tons per year at coal-fired power plants with a power generation output of 600,000 KW) Has been incinerated as a fuel auxiliary material in a boiler, or has been treated as a raw material for cement with fly ash.
  • Ix flour is obtained as an inexpensive by-product.
  • the purchase and use of expensive commercial activated carbon powder is greatly reduced, and excellent economic effects can be achieved as a substitute.
  • the first is a schematic process flow diagram of a dry flue gas desulfurization method of flue gas used for producing the highly activated coke powder of the present invention.
  • the flue gas used in the dry flue gas desulfurization process used to produce the highly activated coke powder of the present invention is sulfur-containing pulverized coal, coal-based or petroleum-based heavy oil, or the like.
  • Combustion exhaust gas discharged from combustion furnaces such as boilers of large thermal power plants and various industrial heating furnaces, which contain little dioxins but are not gaseous sulfur oxides or It contains nitrogen oxides and the like, and is usually cooled to about 150 ° C to 100 ° C by heat recovery cooling means.
  • the combustion exhaust gas from a boiler heating furnace of a large thermal power plant, which generates a large amount of combustion exhaust gas is preferable in that the high activation activated coke powder of the present invention can be obtained in a large amount.
  • the activated coke (or activated carbon) particulate used for the adsorption of sulfur oxides and the like in the combustion exhaust gas is not particularly limited as long as it has been conventionally used in a dry flue gas desulfurization method. It is sufficient that the pellet has a shape of a spherical pellet to a cylindrical pellet, and a cylindrical pellet having a diameter of 1011] and a length of 10 mm is particularly desirable.
  • such activated coke or activated carbon is obtained by treating wood, lignite, peat, coconut husk, etc. with chemicals (such as zinc chloride and phosphoric acid) as an activator and carbonizing, or activating charcoal with steam.
  • a commercially available granulated product manufactured by the above method is used.
  • an example of the dry flue gas desulfurization method of the combustion exhaust gas of the present invention in which the abrasion powder for specifying the highly activated coke powder is separated will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the combustion exhaust gas 1 discharged from a combustion furnace using a fuel such as sulfur-containing coal or heavy oil is recovered by a boiler or the like (not shown) to be 37 0 to 38 0 C, and is further preheated by air.
  • a heat recovery means such as a vessel
  • the flue gas 1 is introduced from the lower part of the moving bed type desulfurization tower 2 in which activated coke (or activated carbon) particulate matter is filled as the adsorbent, and the adsorbent moving bed descends.
  • the harmful substances such as sulfur oxides contained in the combustion exhaust gas are adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent by direct contact with the exhaust gas.
  • ammonia gas 3 can be injected into the flue gas to be introduced, if necessary, to enhance the effect of adsorbing and removing harmful substances.
  • the flue gas after the adsorption removal treatment is discharged to the chimney 5 directly from near the upper part or after collecting dust by the dust collector 4.
  • the activated coke particulates adsorbing harmful substances continuously discharged from the bottom of the desulfurization tower 2 are sent from the transfer line 6 to the regeneration tower 7.
  • the activated coke adsorbing harmful substances by the hot air from the hot blast stove 8 is indirectly heated to 400 to 600 ° C (450 ° C), and the inert gas such as N2 gas is carried by the carrier gas.
  • the sulfur oxides are desorbed.
  • the desorbed sulfur oxide is sent from the line 9 to the recovery unit 10 where it is oxidized and recovered as concentrated sulfuric acid by-product 11 or as a sulfur by-product by a reducing agent.
  • the sieve mesh of the sieve device 12 is not particularly limited, but it is usually desirable to separate abrasion powder having a size of l mm or less.
  • the regenerated activated coke granules 13 remaining on the sieving apparatus are appropriately mixed with a new activated coke replenisher from the circulation line, returned to the desulfurization tower 2, and recycled for reuse.
  • abrasion powder 14 of 1 mm or less that passed through the sieving device was conventionally incinerated as a fuel auxiliary material in a boiler or treated as a cement material together with fly ash.
  • the abrasion powder under the sieving apparatus is transferred from the line 14 and stored in the storage opening 15 as appropriate.
  • the abrasion powder is classified by a sieve device or an air classifier (not shown) to adjust the particle size to a specific range, whereby the highly activated coke powder of the present invention can be obtained.
  • the abrasion powder removed from the specific range may be appropriately ground and used by the classification process, or may be granulated and recycled together with the regenerated coke.
  • the average particle diameter of the wear powdery material of 1 mm or less is 10
  • the particle size is adjusted to about 15 to 15% by mass, preferably about 15 to 15% by mass, with a content of im15 im and a particle size of 0.3 to 4 m.
  • Abrasion powder without particle size adjustment cannot be used as a spray for adsorbing dioxins contained in exhaust gas. If the removal rate of adsorption is reduced and ultra-fine powder of 0.3 m or less is contained, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of air pollution because it easily passes through the bag filter.
  • the highly activated coke powder of the present invention has an increased pore volume due to the repeated adsorption and heating desorption of sulfur oxides present in gaseous form in the combustion exhaust gas.
  • Adsorption performance is most improved due to the use of abrasion powder from the coke surface, and dioxin adsorption performance is extremely high, so most dioxins are adsorbed and removed in the bag filter introduction line. Therefore, it may be discharged directly to the chimney without passing through the activated coke adsorption tower.
  • the flue gas from a poiler combustion furnace using pulverized coal as fuel is cooled to 140 ° C or less via an air preheater, and then activated coke granular Material (diameter: 10 mm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ length: 10 mm, cylindrical pellet) is introduced into a moving bed type adsorption tower filled with adsorbent, and sulfur oxides are adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent.
  • activated coke particulates which have adsorbed sulfur oxides and the like in an adsorption tower, are heated by a hot gas from a hot blast stove under the accompanying carrier gas (N2 gas). Regeneration by indirect heating to around 450 ° C After being cooled, it is classified by a vibrating sieve. Here, the sieve on the screen of lmm or more was circulated to the adsorption tower, and at the same time, powdered material under the sieve of less than 1 mm was extracted.
  • carrier gas N2 gas
  • the average particle diameter of the under-sieve abrasion powder and the like was about 20 zm, and the content of the particle diameter of 0.3 to 4 m was 10% by mass or less (% by mass) of the whole.
  • a highly activated coke powder was obtained.
  • Activated coke powder is blown into the exhaust gas line from a waste combustion furnace for small poilers using dry pelletized products (RDF) such as garbage waste as a fuel source, guided to a bag filter for dust collection, and then discharged directly to the chimney
  • RDF dry pelletized products
  • the highly activated coke powder of the present invention obtained above was introduced into the exhaust gas stream adjusted to 170 to 180 ° C just before the bagfill, (1) 150 mg / Nm 3 DRY, (2) ) 220mg / Nm 3 D
  • dioxins typified by polychlorinated dibenzodioxin (PCDD) are discharged into the exhaust gas flow before the injection of active coke powder.
  • PCDD polychlorinated dibenzodioxin
  • the removal rate is determined according to the provisions of JIS K0311 and JIS K0222, respectively. From this, the removal rate is set to ⁇ (1—outlet content / inlet content) ⁇ 100 ⁇ . The results are shown in Table 1. The passability of the activated coke powder through the bag filter (particle size 0.3 m or less) was 0% by mass.
  • classification treatment was not not undersize wear powder-like product (1) 150mg / Nm 3 DRY , (2) 200mg / Nm 3 DR Y, (3) 32 Omg / Nm 3 DRY is injected at three different injection rates to obtain dioxins represented by polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD) and mercury represented by mercury The removal rate of heavy metals to be removed was measured. The results are shown in Table 1. The passability of the activated coke powder through the bag filter (particle size: 0.3 zm or less) was also 0% by mass.
  • PCDD polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
  • Example 1 In place of the highly activated coke powder used in Example 1, a commercially available spray agent for adsorbing dioxins (having an average particle diameter of 13.2 zm and a content of 0.3 to 4 zm in particle diameter) was used. total 22 2.3 wt% (mass percentage)) (1) 150mgZNm 3 D RY, (2) 200mg / Nm 3 DRY, by blowing in three blow amount of (3) 320 mgZNm 3 DRY, polychlorinated The removal rates of dioxins represented by dibenzodioxin (PCDD) and heavy metals represented by mercury were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. The passability of the activated coke powder through the bag filter (particle diameter 0.3 m or less) was 0% by mass.
  • PCDD dibenzodioxin
  • the highly activated coke powder of the present invention has a dioxin removal rate of 98 to 99% and a heavy metal (mercury) removal rate of 92 to 97%. It can be seen that the removal rate of the commercial product is superior to that of the commercial product.
  • the under-sieved abrasion powder that had not been classified has an unstable dioxin removal rate of 82 to 90% and a heavy metal (mercury) removal rate of 87 to 94%, which is lower than that of commercial products.
  • the fine powder passing through the filter (particle size: 0.3 m or less) was 0% by mass. Incidentally, blowing amount of the high activation activity co one box powder, 1 5 O m gZNm 3 at a sufficient it can be seen that no improvement effect can be enhanced more.
  • the highly activated coke powder of the present invention has improved pore volume and adsorption performance by repeating adsorption and heating desorption of gaseous sulfur oxides in flue gas. It exhibits excellent adsorption performance to large molecular substances such as sulfur oxides and dioxins because of its excellent uniform dispersion and floating properties.
  • simply adding a classification process to the abrasion powder that has been generated in large quantities in the dry flue gas desulfurization process makes it possible to obtain highly activated coke powder with increased added value easily.
  • the purchase and use amount of expensive commercial activated carbon powder is greatly reduced, and a superior economic effect is exhibited by using a substitute, thereby increasing industrial applicability.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne une poudre de coke fortement activée qui comprend des particules d'abrasion, séparées de particules de coke activées par régénération qui possèdent une activité accrue, conférée par adsorption et désorption thermique d'oxydes de soufre dans un procédé de désulfuration de gaz de combustion par voie sèche. La poudre est caractérisée par un réglage de la taille de ses particules, de sorte que le diamètre moyen des particules est compris entre 10 et 15 νm, et la proportion des particules présentant un diamètre compris entre 0,3 et 4 νm est de 10 à 25 % de l'ensemble particules. Cette poudre de coke, qui peut absorber efficacement des dioxines, le mercure et d'autres métaux lourds contenus dans des gaz d'échappement, rend les gaz moins nocifs ou inoffensifs. Elle peut être produite à moindre coût car elle comprend des particules de coke activées par régénération.
PCT/JP2003/012355 2003-09-26 2003-09-26 Poudre de coke fortement activee et procede de production de celle-ci WO2005030641A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2003/012355 WO2005030641A1 (fr) 2003-09-26 2003-09-26 Poudre de coke fortement activee et procede de production de celle-ci
AU2003266652A AU2003266652A1 (en) 2003-09-26 2003-09-26 Highly activated coke powder and process for producing the same

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PCT/JP2003/012355 WO2005030641A1 (fr) 2003-09-26 2003-09-26 Poudre de coke fortement activee et procede de production de celle-ci

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