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  • C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
  • C07D295/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by doubly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
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  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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  • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Definitions

• the present invention relates to compounds of formula
• Ar is substituted aryl or unsubstituted or substituted 6-membered heteroaryl, containing one, two or three nitrogen atoms, and wherein the aryl and the heteroaryl groups may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halogen, CN, (CrC 6 )-alkyl, (CrC 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen, (C C 6 )-alkoxy, ( -Ce koxy substituted by halogen, NR 7 R 8 , C(O)R 9 or SO 2 R 10 ;
• R 1 is hydrogen or ( -C 6 )-alkyl
• R 2 is halogen, (C C ⁇ ) -alkyl, (C 2 -C 6 )-alkenyl, wherein a hydrogen atom may be replaced by CN, C(O)-R 9 or (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyL or is (C 2 -C 6 )-alkynyl, (CrC 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen, -(CH 2 ) n -(C 3 -C 7 )-cycloalkyl, -(CH 2 ) n -heterocycloalkyl, -C(O)-R 9 , -(CH 2 ) ⁇ -aryl or -(CH 2 ) n -5 or-6-membered heteroaryl containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen wherein aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or substituted
• R 5 is NO 2 , CN, C(O)R 9 , SO 2 R 10 or NR ⁇ R 12 ;
• R 7 and R 8 independently from each other are hydrogen or (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl
• R 9 is (C C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, (C C 6 )-alkoxy or NR 7 R 8 ;
• R 10 is ( -Q -alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl or NR 7 R 8 ;
• R 11 and R 12 independently from each other are hydrogen, or form together with the N- atom to which they are attached a 5-membered heteroaryl group;
• n 0, 1 or 2;
• the present invention relates to compounds of general formula I, to pharmaceutical composition containing them and their use in the treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. It has surprisingly been found that the compounds of general formula I are good inhibitors of the glycine transporter 1 (GlyT- 1), and that they have a good selectivity to glycine transporter 2 (GlyT-2) inhibitors.
• Schizophrenia is a progressive and devastating neurological disease characterized by episodic positive symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, thought disorders and psychosis and persistent negative symptoms such as flattened affect, impaired attention and social withdrawal, and cognitive impairments (Lewis DA and Lieberman JA, Neuron, , 28:325-33, 2000).
• PCP phencyclidine
• ketamine non- competitive NMDA receptor antagonists
• transgenic mice expressing reduced levels of the NMDAR1 subunit displays behavioral abnormalities similar to those observed in pharmacologically induced models of schizophrenia, supporting a model in which reduced NMDA receptor activity results in schizophrenia-like behavior (Mohn AR et al, Cell, 98: 427-236, 1999 j.
• Glutamate neurotransmission, in particular NMDA receptor activity plays a critical role in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory, such as the NMDA receptors appears to serve as a graded switch for gating the threshold of synaptic plasticity and memory formation (Wiley, NY; Bliss TV and Collingridge GL, Nature, 361: 31-39, 1993).
• mice overexpressing the NMDA NR2B subunit exhibit enhanced synaptic plasticity and superior ability in learning and memory (Tang JP et al, Natur, 401- 63-69, 1999).
• enhancing glutamate transmission in particular via NMDA receptor activation, would be predicted to produce both anti-psychotic and cognitive enhancing effects.
• the amino acid glycine is known to have at least two important functions in the CNS. It acts as an inhibitory amino acid, binding to strychnine sensitive glycine receptors, and it also influences excitatory activity, acting as an essential co-agonist with glutamate for N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function. While glutamate is released in an activity-dependent manner from synaptic terminals, glycine is apparently present at a more constant level and seems to modulate/control the receptor for its response to glutamate. One of the most effective ways to control synaptic concentrations of neurotransmitter is to influence their re-uptake at the synapses.
• Neurotransmitter transporters by removing neurotransmitters from the extracellular space, can control their extracellular lifetime and thereby modulate the magnitude of the synaptic transmission (Gainetdinov RR et al, Trends in Pharm. Sci., 23(8): 367-373, 2002).
• Glycine transporters which form part of the sodium and chloride family of neurotransmitter transporters, play an important role in the termination of post-synaptic glycinergic actions and maintenance of low extracellular glycine concentration by re- uptake of glycine into presynaptic nerve terminals and surrounding fine glial processes.
• GlyT-1 and GlyT-2 Two distinct glycine transporter genes have been cloned (GlyT-1 and GlyT-2) from mammalian brain, which give rise to two transporters with ⁇ 50 % amino acid sequence homology.
• GlyT-1 presents four isoforms arising from alternative splicing and alternative promoter usage (la, lb, lc and Id). Only two of these isoforms have been found in rodent brain (GlyT-la and GlyT- lb).
• GlyT-2 also presents some degree of heterogeneity.
• Two GlyT-2 isoforms (2a and 2b) have been identified in rodent brains.
• GlyT-1 is known to be located in CNS and in peripheral tissues, whereas GlyT-2 is specific to the CNS.
• GlyT-1 has a predominantly glial distribution and is found not only in areas corresponding to strychnine sensitive glycine receptors but also outside these areas, where it has been postulated to be involved in modulation of NMDA receptor function (Lopez-Corcuera B et al., Mol. Mem. Biol, 18: 13-20, 2001).
• one strategy to enhance NMDA receptor activity is to elevate the glycine concentration in the local microenvironment of synaptic NMDA receptors by inhibition of GlyT- 1 transporter (Bergereon R. et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95: 15730-15734, 1998; Chen L. et al., /. Neurophysiol, 89(2): 691-703, 2003).
• Glycine transporters inhibitors are suitable for the treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
• the majority of diseases states implicated are psychoses, schizophrenia (Armer RE and Miller DJ, Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents, 11 (4): 563-572, 2001), psychotic mood disorders such as severe major depressive disorder, mood disorders associated with psychotic disorders such as acute mania or depression, associated with bipolar disorders and mood disorders, associated with schizophrenia, (Pralong ET et al., Prog. Neurobiol, 67: 173-202, 2002), autistic disorders (Carlsson ML, /. Neural Trans,.
• cognitive disorders such as dementias, including age related dementia and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, memory disorders in a mammal, including a human, attention deficit disorders and pain (Armer RE and Miller DJ, Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents, 11 (4): 563-572, 2001).
• AD disorders such as dementias, including age related dementia and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, memory disorders in a mammal, including a human, attention deficit disorders and pain (Armer RE and Miller DJ, Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents, 11 (4): 563-572, 2001).
• increasing activation of NMDA receptors via GlyT-1 inhibition may lead to agents that treat psychosis, schizophrenia, dementia and other diseases in which cognitive processes are impaired, such as attention deficit disorders or Alzheimer's disease.
• Objects of the present invention are the compounds of formula I per se, the use of compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts for the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of diseases related to activation of NMDA receptors via Glyt-1 inhibition, their manufacture, medicaments based on a compound in accordance with the invention and their production as well as the use of compounds of formula I in the control or prevention of illnesses such as psychoses, disfunction in memory and learning, schizophrenia, dementia and other diseases in which cognitive processes are impaired, such as attention deficit disorders or Alzheimer's disease.
• the preferred indications using the compounds of the present invention are schizophrenia, cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
• the invention includes all racemic mixtures, all their corresponding enantiomers and/or optical isomers.
• alkyl denotes a saturated straight- or branched-chain group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, 2-butyl, t-butyl and the like.
• Preferred alkyl groups are groups with 1 - 4 carbon atoms.
• alkenyl denotes an unsaturated straight- or branched- chain group containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms with at least one double bond
• alkynyl denotes an unsaturated straight- or branched-chain group containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms with at least one triple bond
• cycloalkyl denotes a saturated or partially saturated ring containing from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, for example cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl or cycloheptenyl.
• halogen denotes chlorine, iodine, fluorine and bromine.
• aryl denotes a monovalent cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radical consisting of one or more fused rings in which at least one ring is aromatic in nature, for example phenyl or naphthyl.
• 6-membered heteroaryl containing one, two or three nitrogen atoms denotes a monovalent aromatic carbocyclic radical, for example pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl or triazinyl.
• heterocycloalkyl denotes a non aromatic hydrocarbon radical, for example oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, azetidinyl; pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl.
• 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen denotes a monovalent aromatic carbocyclic radical, for example pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl or isoxazolyl.
• pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts embraces salts with inorganic and organic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, methane-sulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like.
• Preferred compounds of formula I are those of formula
• R is hydroxy, halogen, CN, (CrC 6 )-alkyl, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen, (C ⁇ - )-alkoxy, (C C 6 )-alkoxy substituted by halogen, NR 7 R 8 , C(O)R 9 or SO 2 R 10 ; p is 1, 2 or 3;
• R 1 is hydrogen
• R 2 is halogen, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 2 -C 6 )-alkenyl, wherein a hydrogen atom may be replaced by CN, C(O)-R 9 or (C C 6 )-alkyl, or is (C 2 -C 6 )-alkynyl, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen, -(CH 2 ) n -(Cs-C 7 )-cycloalkyl, -(CH 2 ) n -heterocycloalkyl, -C(O)-R 9 , aryl or 5 or-6-membered heteroaryl containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen wherein aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, hal
• R , R 4 and R 6 are hydrogen
• R 5 is NO 2 or SO 2 R 10 ;
• R 7 and R 8 independently from each other are hydrogen or (C C 6 )-alkyl
• R 9 is ( -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkoxy or NR 7 R 8 ;
• R 10 is (CrQ -alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl or NR 7 R 8 ;
• n 0, 1 or 2; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.
• a preferred group of compounds of formula 1-1 are those, wherein R 2 is aryl, unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halogen, (CrC 6 )-alkyl, (Ci-C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen or
• a further preferred group of compounds of formula 1-1 are those, wherein R 2 is a 5 or-6-membered heteroaryl group containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, unsubstituted or substituted by (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, for example the following compounds: (5-methanesulfonyl-2-thiophen-2-yl-phenyl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin- 1-yl] -methanone, (5-methanesulfonyl-2-thiophen-3-yl-phenyl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin- 1-
• a preferred group of compounds of formula 1-1 are further those, wherein R 2 is halogen, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 2 -C 6 )-alkenyl, wherein a hydrogen atom maybe replaced by CN, C(O)-R 9 or (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl, or is (C 2 - )-alkynyl, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen or -C(O)-R 9 , for example the compound 2-[4-(4-acetyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-piperazine-l-carbonyl]-4-nitro-benzoic acid methyl ester.
• Preferred compounds of formula I are further those of formula
• R is hydroxy, halogen, CN, (C C 6 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen, ( -C 6 )-alkoxy, (C C 6 )-alkoxy substituted by halogen, NR 7 R 8 , C(O)R 9 or SO 2 R 10 ; o is 0, 1, 2 or 3;
• R 1 is hydrogen
• R 2 is halogen, (CrC 6 )-alkyl, (C 2 -C 6 )-alkenyl, wherein a hydrogen atom may be replaced by CN, C(O)-R 9 or (CrC 6 )-alkyl, or is (C 2 -C 6 )-alkynyl, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen, -(CH 2 ) ⁇ -(C 3 -C 7 )-cycloalkyl, -(CH 2 ) ⁇ -heterocycloalkyl, -C(O)-R 9 , aryl or 5 or-6-membered heteroaryl containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen wherein aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy,
• R 3 , R 4 and R 6 are hydrogen
• R 5 is NO 2 or SO 2 R 10 ;
• R 7 and R 8 independently from each other are hydrogen or (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl
• R 9 is (C C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkoxy or NR 7 R 8 ;
• R 10 is ( -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl or NR 7 R 8 ;
• n 0, 1 or 2; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.
• R 2 is aryl, unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halogen, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen or (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkoxy and the other substituents are as described above, for example the following compounds:
• a further preferred group of compounds of formula 1-2 are those, wherein R 2 is a 5 or-6-membered heteroaryl group containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, for example the following compound: [4-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-2-yl)-piperazin-l-yl]-(5-methanesulfonyl-2- thiophen-3-yl- ⁇ henyl)-methanone.
• R 2 is a 5 or-6-membered heteroaryl group containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, for example the following compound: [4-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-2-yl)-piperazin-l-yl]-(5-methanesulfonyl-2- thiophen-3-yl- ⁇ henyl)-methanone.
• Ar is substituted aryl or unsubstituted or substituted 6-membered heteroaryl, containing one, two or three nitrogen atoms, and wherein the aryl and the heteroaryl groups are substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halogen, CN, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkoxy, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxy substituted by halogen, NR 7 R 8 , C(O)R 9 or SO 2 R 10 ;
• R 1 is hydrogen or (CrC 6 )-alkyl
• R 2 is halogen, (C-i- ) -alkyl, (C 2 -C 6 )-alkenyl, (C 2 -C 6 )-alkynyl, ( -Ce ⁇ alkyl substituted by halogen, (C 3 -C )-cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl-(C 3 -C 7 )-cycloalkyl, (CrC 6 )-allcyl-heterocycloalkyL -C(O)-R 9 , aryl or 5 or-6-membered heteroaryl containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen wherein aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halogen, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-
• R 3 , R 4 and R 6 independently from each other are hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, CN, (C C 6 )-alkyl, (C C 6 )-alkoxy or NR 7 R 8 ;
• R 3 is NO 2 , S eO 2 rR> 1 ⁇ 0 ⁇ or x N ⁇ RnH n -Rr.1 1 2 2 .;
• R 7 and R 8 independently from each other are hydrogen or (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl
• R 9 is hydroxy, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 ) -cycloalkyl, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkoxy or NR 7 R 8 ;
• R 10 is (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 )-cycloalkyl or NR 7 R 8 ;
• R u and R 12 independently from each other are hydrogen, C(O)-(CrC 6 )-alkyl, SO 2 -(C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, or form together with the N-atom a 5-membered heteroaryl group, optionally substituted by halogen, (C 1 -C 6 )-aIkyl, (C C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen or (C 3 -Ce) -cycloalkyl;
• Ar is aryl, substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, ( -C 6 ) -alkyl, (C ⁇ - )-alkyl substituted by halogen or C(O)R 9 ;
• R 1 is hydrogen
• R 2 is halogen, (Ci-C 6 )-alkyl, (C 2 -C 6 )-alkenyl, (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen, (C 3 -C )-cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, -C(O)-R 9 , aryl or 5 or-6-membered heteroaryl containing one, two or three heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, wherein aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl substituted by halogen or (C 1 -C 6 )-alkoxy;
• R >3 , - Rn and R independently from each other are hydrogen or halogen
• R 5 is NO 2 , CN, SO 2 R 10 or NR ⁇ R 12 ;
• R 7 and R 8 independently from each other are hydrogen or (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl
• R 9 is (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkyl or (C ⁇ -C 6 )-alkoxy
• R 10 is (C C 6 )-alkyl or NR 7 R 8 ;
• a further embodiment are those compounds of formula la,
• Ar is phenyl, substituted by one, two or three substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, methyl, ethyl, CF 3 or C(O)CH 3 R 1 is hydrogen;
• R is halogen, methyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, CF 3 , cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclopentenyl, cycloheptenyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyranyl, - COOCH 3 , phenyl or 5 or-6-membered heteroaryl containing one or two heteroatoms, selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, wherein phenyl, cyclopropyl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, methyl, CF 3 or methoxy;
• R 3 , R 4 and R 6 independently from each other are hydrogen or chloro
• R 5 is NO 2 , CN, SO 2 CH 3 , SO 2 NHCH 3 or tetrazole
• R 2 is phenyl, optionally substituted by fluoro, for example the following compounds: l- ⁇ 3-fluoro-4-[4-(4-nitro-biphenyl-2-carbonyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-phenyl ⁇ -ethanone, (4-methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-pi ⁇ erazin-l-yl]- methanone, (4'-fluoro-4-methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-l- yl] -methanone,
• R 2 is cycloalkyl
• R 2 is cycloalkyl
• R 2 is cycloalkyl
• R 2 is cycloalkyl
• l- ⁇ 4- [4-(2-cyclohex-l-enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl] -3-fluoro- phenyl ⁇ -ethanone
• An embodiment of the invention are further those compounds, wherein R 2 is heterocycloalkyl, for example the following compounds: [2-(3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl] - [4-(4-trifluoromethyl- phenyl) -piperazin- 1 -yl] -methanone,
• present compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts can be prepared by methods known in the art, for example, by processes described below, which process comprises a) reacting a compound of formula
• R is (C 2 -Cg)-alkenyl or (C 2 -Cg)-alkynyl
• R' is (C 2 -C 6 )-alkyl or (C 2 -Cg)-alkenyl f) reacting a compound of formula
• the compounds of formula I may be prepared in accordance with process variant a) to g) and with the following schemes 1 to 8.
• halogen i.e. CDI, TBTU
• an activating agent like CDI ( N,N-carbonyldiimidazole) or TBTU ( 2-(lH-benzotriazole-l-yl)- 1,1,3,3-tetramethyluroniumtetrafluoroborate).
• Piperazines of formula II can be prepared by heating of corresponding piperazines with ArX or by reacting of corresponding N- protected piperazines with ArX in the presence of palladium catalyst followed by cleavage of the protective group.
• the protective group is typically tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc).
• X is CL Br or l
• Compounds of general formula I can be prepared by reacting of a corresponding aryl halide of formula lb with boronic acids or esters under Suzuki conditions in the presence of a palladium catalyst (e.g. tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium, palladium acetate, tri-tert-butyl phosphine) and a base (e.g. cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium fluoride).
• a palladium catalyst e.g. tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium, palladium acetate, tri-tert-butyl phosphine
• a base e.g. cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium fluoride
• X is CL Br or l.
• Compounds of general formula I can be prepared by reacting of a aryl halide of formula lb with an organostannane under Stille conditions, in the presence of a palladium catalyst (e.g. tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium chloroform complex), of a ligand
• a palladium catalyst e.g. tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium chloroform complex
• X is CL Br or l.
• Compounds of general formula Ic can be prepared by reacting an aryl halide of formula lb with ethynyltrimethylsilane under Sonagashira conditions in the presence of palladium catalyst(e.g. tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium, of copper iodide and base (e.g. triethylamine), followed by a basic treatment to provide compound Ic.
• palladium catalyst e.g. tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium
• base e.g. triethylamine
• R is (C 2 -C 6 )-alkenyl or (C 2 -Cg)-alkynyl and wherein R' is (C 2 -C 6 )-alkyl or (C 2 -Cg)-alkenyl and Ar, R 1 and R 3 - R 6 are as described above.
• methyl-cyclopropyl compound of formula Ig can be prepared by reacting of an isopropenyl compound of formula If under Corey's conditions in the presence of trimethylsulfoxonium and a base (e.g. potassium ter -butoxyde).
• a base e.g. potassium ter -butoxyde.
• a palladium catalyst e.g. tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium, palladium acetate, tri-tert-butyl phosphine, PdCl2(dppf) 2
• a base e.g. cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium fluoride, potassium hydroxyde.
• the acid addition salts of the basic compounds of formula I may be converted to the corresponding free bases by treatment with at least a stoichiometric equivalent of a suitable base such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonia, and the like.
• a suitable base such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonia, and the like.
• the compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically usable addition salts possess valuable pharmacological properties. Specifically, it has been found that the compounds of the present invention are good inhibitors of the glycine transporter I (GlyT-1).
• DMEM complete medium Nutrient mixture F-12 (Gibco Life- technologies), fetal bovine serum (FBS) 5 %, (Gibco life technologies), Penicillin/Streptomycin 1 % (Gibco life technologies), Hygromycin 0.6 mg/ml (Gibco life technologies), Glutamine 1 mM Gibco life technologies)
• Uptake buffer (UB : 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM Hepes-Tris, pH 7.4, 1 mM CaCl 2 , 2.5 mM KCl, 2.5 mM MgSO 4 , 10 mM (+) D-glucose.
• Flp-inTM-CHO (Invitrogen Cat n° R758-07)cells stably transfected with mGlyTlb cDNA.
• mammalian cells (Fl ⁇ -inTM-CHO), transfected with mGlyT-lb cDNA , were plated at the density of 40,000 cells/well in complete F-12 medium, without hygromycin in 96-well culture plates.
• the medium was aspirated and the cells were washed twice with uptake buffer (UB).
• the cells were then incubated for 20 min at 22°C with either (i) no potential competitor, (ii) 10 M non -radioactive glycine , (iii) a concentration of a potential inhibitor.
• a range of concentrations of the potential inhibitor was used to generate data for calculating the concentration of inhibitor resulting in 50 % of the effect (e.g. IC5 0 , the concentration of the competitor inhibiting glycine uptake of 50 %).
• a solution was then immediately added containing [ 3 H] -glycine
• the preferred compounds show an IC 50 ( ⁇ M) at GlyT-1 ⁇ 0.04.
• the compounds of formula I and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula I can be used as medicaments, e.g. in the form of pharmaceutical preparations.
• the pharmaceutical preparations can be administered orally, e.g. in the form of tablets, coated tablets, dragees, hard and soft gelatine capsules, solutions, emulsions or suspensions.
• the administration can, however, also be effected rectally, e.g. in the form of suppositories, parenterally, e.g. in the form of injection solutions.
• the compounds of formula I can be processed with pharmaceutically inert, inorganic or organic carriers for the production of pharmaceutical preparations.
• Lactose,corn starch or derivatives thereof, talc, stearic acids or its salts and the like can be used, for example, as such carriers for tablets, coated tablets, dragees and hard gelatine capsules.
• Suitable carriers for soft gelatine capsules are, for example, vegetable oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid and liquid polyols and the like. Depending on the nature of the active substance no carriers are however usually required in the case of soft gelatine capsules.
• Suitable carriers for the production of solutions and syrups are, for example, water, polyols, glycerol, vegetable oil and the like.
• Suitable carriers for suppositories are, for example, natural or hardened oils, waxes, fats, semi-liquid or liquid polyols and the like.
• the pharmaceutical preparations can, moreover, contain preservatives, solubilizers, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, sweeteners, colorants, flavorants, salts for varying the osmotic pressure, buffers, masking agents or antioxidants. They can also contain still other therapeutically valuable substances.
• Medicaments containing a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a therapeutically inert carrier are also an object of the present invention, as is a process for their production, which comprises bringing one or more compounds of formula I and/or pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and, if desired, one or more other therapeutically valuable substances into a galenical administration form together with one or more therapeutically inert carriers.
• the most preferred indications in accordance with the present invention are those, which include disorders of the central nervous system, for example the treatment or prevention of schizophrenia, cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
• the dosage can vary within wide limits and will, of course, have to be adjusted to the individual requirements in each particular case.
• the dosage for adults can vary from about 0.01 mg to about 1000 mg per day of a compound of general formula I or of the corresponding amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• the daily dosage may be administered as single dose or in divided doses and, in addition, the upper limit can also be exceeded when this is found to be indicated.
• reaction mixture is diluted with water, extracted with AcOEt, the aqueous phase acidified with 2N H 2 SO 4 , extracted with AcOEt and the pooled organic extracts dried over Na 2 SO , filtered and evaporated.
• the crude product is purified by flash-chromatography on silica gel with heptane/ AcOEt as eluent. to yield the title compound; MS (ISN): 279.8 M-H " .
• 2-Cyclopent-l-enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid is prepared from 2-iodo-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid and 2-cyclopent-l-enyl-4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-f 1,3,2] dioxaborolane [M. Murata, T. Oyama, S. Watanabe, Y. Masuda, Synthesis 2000, 778]: MS (ISN): 264.8 M-H " .
• 2-Cyclohept-l-enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid is prepared from 2-iodo-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid and 2-cyclohept-l-enyl -4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-[l,3,2]dioxaborolane [M. Murata, T. Oyama, S. Watanabe, Y. Masuda, Synthesis 2000, 778]: MS (ISN): 292.9 M-H " .
• 5-Nitro-2-trifluoromethyl-benzoic acid is prepared from the known 2-methyl-4-nit.ro- 1- trifluorornefhyl-benzene by oxidation with chromium trioxide in an acetic acid/water/sulfuric acid mixture following a procedure described by Aeberli et al. [P. Aeberli, P. Eden, J.H. Gogerty, WJ. Houlihan, C. Penberthy, J. Med. Chem. 18, 177 (1975)]: colourless solid, MS (ISN): 233.9 M-H " .
• 5-methanesulfonyl-2-thiazol-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester is prepared from 2-Iodo-5-methanesuIfonyl-benzoic acid methyl ester and 2- Tributylstannanyl-thiazole (CAS: 121359-48-6). Colorless oil, 65% yield, MS (m/e): (MH+, 100%)
• 5-Methanesulfonyl-2-thiazol-2-yl-benzoic acid is prepared by saponification of 5- Methanesulfonyl-2-thiazol-2-yl-benzoic acid methyl ester in the presence of sodium hydroxide (2N) in a mixture of dioxane and ethanol at 80 deg for 30 minutes. Brow solid, 50% yield, MS (m/e): 282.2 (M-H, 100%)
• Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (248 mg, 0.21 mmol), Palladium(II) acetate (77 mg, 0.34 mmol) and Hexamethyldistannane (1.72 ml, 8.27 mmol) in Tetrahydrofuran (15 ml) and Triethylamine (0.75 ml) was heated at 100 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed over SiO 2 (ethyl acetate/heptane/triethylamine 0/98/2 to 18/80/2) to provide the title compound (990 mg, 35%) as an off-white solid.
• reaction mixture was quenched with aqueous sodium thiosulphate solution (20%, 100 ml) and extracted three times with Ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried over Na 2 SO and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed over SiO 2 (ethyl acetate/heptane 1/1) to provide the title compound ( 1.95 g, 86%) as brown oil.
• Example 4 l- ⁇ 4-[4-(2-Bromo-5-nitro-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-3-fluoro-phenyl ⁇ -ethanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure C described for example 2 from l-(3-fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-phenyl)-ethanone and 2-bromo-5-nitro-benzoyl chloride (CAS: 80887-01-0; Grohmann, Chem.Ber.; 24; 1891; 3814) (81% yield, yellow solid, M+: 450.0)
• Example 5 l- ⁇ 4-[4-(2-Crdoro-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-3-fluoro-phenyl ⁇ - ethanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure D described for example 2 from l-(3-Fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-pheny
• Example 6 3- [4- (4-Acetyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-piperazine- 1 -carbonyl] -4-chloro-benzenesulfonamide
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure D described for example 2 from l-(3-Fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-phenyl)-ethanone and 2-Chloro-5-sulfamoyl-benzoic acid (CAS: 97-04-1; Basu; D.-G.; J.Indian Chem.Soc; 16; 1939; 100, 106) (42%, white solid, M-H: 438.1)
• Example 7 Example 7
• Example 8 l- ⁇ 4-[4-(2-CUoro-5-nitoo-ber-zoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-3-fiuoro-phenyl ⁇ -ethanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure D described for example 2 from l-(3-Fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-phenyl) -ethanone and 2-chloro-5-nitro-benzoic acid (CAS: 2516-96-3); MS (ISP): 406.2 MH + .
• TBTU 2-(lH-benzotriazole-l-yl)-l,l,3,3-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate
• Example 11 l- ⁇ 4-[4-(2-Chloro-5-tetrazol-l-yl-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-3-fluoro-phenyl ⁇ -ethanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for example 2 from l-(3-Fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-phenyl)-ethanone and 2-Chloro-5-tetrazol-l-yl- benzoic acid (CAS: 190270-10-1; commercial) (50%, white solid, M+H: 429.2)
• Example 12 l- ⁇ 4-[4-(2,6-Dichloro-3-nitro-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-3-fluoro-phenyl ⁇ -ethanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from 2,6-dichloro-3-nitro-benzoic acid (CAS: 55775-97-8; commercial) and l-(3-fluoro- 4-piperazin-l-yl-phenyl)-ethanone: colourless solid, m.p. 209-211°C, MS (ISP): 440.1 MH + .
• Example 82
• Example 83 4-[4-(5-Metl ⁇ anesulfonyI-2-thiazol-2-yl-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-benzonitrile
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from 4-piperazin-l-yl-benzonitrile [ 68104-63-2] and 5-Methanesulfonyl-2-thiazol-2-yl- benzoic acid (Example O).
• Example 84 3-Fluoro-4-[4-(5-methanesulfonyl-2-tl ⁇ iazol-2-yl-benzoyI)-piperazin-l-yl]-benzonitrile
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from 3-Fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-benzonitrile [182181-38-0] and 5-Methanesulfonyl-2- thiazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (Example O).
• Example 85 l- ⁇ 3-Fluoro-4-[4-(5-methanesulfonyl-2-thiazol-2-yl-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-phenyl ⁇ - ethanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from l-(3-Fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-phenyl)-ethanone [189763-57-3] and 5- MethanesuIfonyl-2-thiazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (Example O).
• Example 86 Example 86
• Example 87 [4- (2-Fluoro-4-txifluoromethyl- ⁇ henyl)-piperazin- 1 -yl] - (5-methanesulfonyl-2-thiazol- 2-yl-phenyl)-methanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from l ⁇ (2-Fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazine (Example F) and 5- Methanesulfonyl-2-thiazol-2-yl-benzoic acid (Example O).
• Example 98 (4-Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-(4-phenyl-piperazin-l-yl)-methanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from phenyl piperazine [189457-54-3] and 4-Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (Example V).
• Example 99 [4-(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-(4-methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-methanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from 'l-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-piperazine [56621-48-8] and 4-Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2- carboxylic acid (Example V).
• Example 100 (4-Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-yl)- [4- (4-methoxy-phenyl)-piperazin- 1-yl] -methanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from 'l-(4-metoxyphenyl)-piperazine [38212-30-5] and 4-Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2- carboxylic acid (Example V).
• Example 102 The title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from 2 -Piperazin- l-yl-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine [179756-91-3] and 4- Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (Example V). MS (ISP): 491.1 MH + .
• Example 102
• Example 103 (4-Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl]- methanone
• the title compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from l-(4-Trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-piperazine [187669-62-1] and 4-Methanesulfonyl- biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (Example V).
• Example 105 [4- (4-Dimethylamino- [ 1,3,5] triazin-2-yl)- ⁇ iperazin- 1-yl] - (4-methanesulfonyl-biphenyl- 2-yl)-methanone
• the tide compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from Dimethyl-(4-piperazin-l-yl-[l,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-amine (Example X) and 4- Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (Example V). MS (ISP): 467.4 MH + .
• the tide compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from l-(2-Fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazine (Example F) and 2-Iodo-5- mefhanesulfonyl-benzoic acid (Example F). MS (ISP): 556.9 MH + .
• Example 134 (4-Me1_hanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-yl)-[4-(5-txifluoromethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)-piperazin-l- yl] -methanone
• the tide compound was prepared according to the procedure E described for Example 9 from 2-Piperazin-l-yI-5-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine (Example AE) and 4- Methanesulfonyl-biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (Example V).
• Example 17 further derivatives have been synthesized from (2-Iodo-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-methanone (Example 9) andboronic acid or esters and comprise Examples 17-27, 38-42, 45-55, 65 and 107 in (Table 2).
• Example 17 further derivatives have been synthesized from [4-(3-Chloro-5-trifluoromethyI-pyridin-2-yl)- piperazin-l-yl]-(2-iodo-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-methanone (Example Y ) and boronic acid or esters and comprise Examples 108-116 in (Table 2).
• Example 17 further derivatives have been synthesized from [4-(2-Fluoro-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-(2-iodo-5- methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-methanone (Example Z ) and boronic acid or esters and comprise Examples 117-121 in (Table 2).
• Example 17 further derivatives have been synthesized from l- ⁇ 3-Fluoro-4-[4-(2-iodo-5-methanesulfonyl- benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-phenyl ⁇ -ethanone (Example AA ) and boronic acid or esters and comprise Examples 122-124 in (Table 2).
• Example 17 further derivatives have been synthesized from 3-Fluoro-4-[4-(2-iodo-5-methanesulfonyl- benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-benzonitrile (Example AB) and boronic acid or esters and comprise Examples 125 and 126 in (Table 2).
• Example AC further derivatives have been synthesized from l- ⁇ 4-[4-(2-Iodo-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoyl)- piperazin-l-yl]-phenyl ⁇ -ethanone (Example AC) and boronic acid or esters and comprise Example 127 in (Table 2).
• Example AD further derivatives have been synthesized from [4-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-(2- iodo-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-methanone (Example AD ) and boronic acid or esters and comprise Examples 128-133 in (Table 2).
• Example 44 (2-Isopropenyl-5-memanesulfonyI-phenyl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-l- yl] -methanone
• a mixture of (2-Iodo-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- piperazin- 1 -yl] -methanone (Example 9; 100 mg, 0.186 mmol)
• Tributyl-isopropenyl- stannane ( CAS: 100073-15-2; 74 mg, 0.223 mmol)
• Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium chloroform complex (15.4 mg, 0.0149 mmol), Triphenylarsine (27 mg, 0.0856 mmol), Copper iodide (3.2 mg, 0.0167 mmol) in N,N- Dimethylformamide (1 ml) was heated at 90°C for 75 minutes. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and DMF was evaporated under high vacuum. The residue was dissolved in Ethyl acetate and 4mL of a 30% Potassium fluoride solution were added. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then the aqueous phase was separated and extracted 2 times with Ethyl acetate.
• Example 44 further derivatives have been synthesized from (2-Iodo-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl] -methanone and stannanes (Examples 28, 34-37, 57-60).
• Example 16 has been synthesized from l- ⁇ 4-[4-(2-Bromo-5-nitro-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-3- fluoro-phenylj-ethanone.
• Example L To a solution of (5-Methanesulfonyl-2-trimethylsilanylethynyl-phenyl)-[4-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-methanone, Example L (45 mg, 0.0885 mmol) in methanol (0.5 ml) was added K2CO3 (4 mg, 0.0289 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt for 1 hour. The solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was purified on SiO2,
• Example 92 has been synthesized from Example 89.
• Example 93 has been synthesized from Example 91.
• Example 43 2-[4-(4-Acetyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-piperazine-l-carbonyl]-4-nitro-benzoic acid methyl ester Following procedure D, the tide compound is prepared by reaction of methyl 4- nitrophthalate [90072-77-8] with l-(3fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-phenyl)-ethanone (m.p. 189-191°C, MS (ISP): 429.4 M+H + ).
• Example 70 l- ⁇ 3-Fluoro-4-[4-(5-nitro-2-teifluorometl ⁇ yl-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-phenyl ⁇ -ethanone
• l- ⁇ 3-Fluoro-4-[4-(5-nitro-2-trifluoromethyl-benzoyl)-piperazin- 1-yl] -phenyl ⁇ -ethanone is prepared from 5-nitro-2-trifluoromethyl-benzoic acid (Example K) and l-(3-fluoro-4-piperazin-l-yl-phenyl)-ethanone: colourless solid, MS (ISP): 440.2 (M+H + ).
• Example 77
• (2-Cyclopent-l-enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin- 1-yl] -methanone is prepared from 2-cyclopent-l- enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid (Example H) and l-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- piperazine: colourless foam, MS (ISP): 479.5 (M+H + ).
• Example 72 1 - (4- ⁇ 4- [2-(3,6-Dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoyl] -piperazin- l-yl ⁇ -3- fluoro-phenyl)-ethanone
• l-(4- ⁇ 4-[2-(3,6-Dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methanesulfonyl- benzoyl]-piperazin-l-yl ⁇ -3-fluoro-phenyl)-ethanone is prepared from 2-(3,6-dihydro- 2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid (Example J) and l-(3-fluoro-4- piperazin-l-yl-phenyl)-ethanone: light-yellow crystals, MS (ISP): 487.4 (M+H + ).
• Example 75 (2-Cy
• (2-Cyclohept-l-enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl) -piperazin- 1 -yl] -methanone is prepared from 2-cyclohept- 1 - enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid (Example I) and l-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- piperazine: colourless crystals, MS (ISP): 507.5 (M+H + ).
• Example 69 (2-Cyclohexyl-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4-ethyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-piperazm-l-yl]- methanone
• (2-Cyclohexyl- 5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4-ethyl-2-fluoro-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-methanone is prepared from l- ⁇ 4-[4-(2-Cyclohex-l-enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]- 3-fluoro- ⁇ henyl ⁇ -ethanone (Example 68): colourless solid, MS (ISP): 474.0 MH + .
• Example 78 (2-Cyclohexyl-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4
• reaction mixture was then stirred for 19 hours at 90°C. After such time were added again (every 24 hours) the same amounts of phenylboronic acid, potassium fluoride, and bis(tri-t-butylphosphine) palladium After 3 days, the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by preparative HPLC (MeCN, H20 + 0.005 N HCOOH) to yield the tide compound (7.4 mg). (M+H+: 504.4.)
• (2-Cyclopent-l-enyl-5-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- piperazin- 1-yl] -methanone (Example 74) is hydrogenated in MeOH in presence of 10% Pd/C under a hydrogen pressure of 50 bar at 50°C for 18h.
• Example 90 4- ⁇ 4-[2-(3,6-Dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methanesulfonyl-benzoyl]-piperazin-l-yl ⁇ -3- fluoro-benzonitrile
• 4- ⁇ 4-[2-(3,6-Dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methanesulfonyl- benzoyl]-piperazin-l-yl ⁇ -3-fluoro-benzonitrile is prepared from 3-Fluoro-4-[4-(2-iodo- 5-methanesulfonyl-benzoyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-benzonitrile (Example S) and tributyl-(3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-stannane (CAS: 535924-69-7).
• Example 96 [5-Methanesulfonyl-2- (2-methyl-pyridin-4-yl)-phenyl] - [4- (4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- piperazin- 1-yl] -methanone
• [5-Methanesulfonyl-2-(2-methyl-pyridin-4-yl)-phenyl]-[4-(4- trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl]-methanone is prepared from (5- Methanesulfonyl-2-trimethylstannanyl-phenyl)-[4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)- piperazin- 1-yl] -methanone (Example T) and 4-Bromo-2-methyl-pyridine (CAS: 22282- 99-1): off-white solid, MS (ISP): 504.0 (M+H + ).
• Item Ingredients mg/tablet 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg
• Item Ingredients mg/capsule 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg 500 mg

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